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Journal articles on the topic 'Serous fluid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Jhala, Nirag, Darshana Jhala, and Vinod B. Shidham. "Serous fluid: Reactive conditions." Cytojournal 19 (March 19, 2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_02_06_2021.

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This chapter highlights the steps that would help to analyze any fluid. It highlights importance of knowing gross analysis of fluid along with biochemical information. These parameters along with clinical information are very important in arriving at a differential diagnosis. Morphologic appearances in the fluid can often become challenging and occasionally reactive conditions can reveal changes that may mimic malignancies. This chapter provides not only a framework of approach to assessment of fluid cytology but also shows how to distinguish some of the challenging reactive conditions from th

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2

Akash Jain, Mahendra Patil, and Kanetkar S R. "Serous effusions: A clinicopathological study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 3284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2453.

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This study is a prospective, observational study done for two years, comprising of 267 cases. Their episodes were while tapping pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity and pericardial sac, pleural, ascitic and pericardial fluids were collected. Majority of the samples received were from our hospital (98%) while 2% (5 samples) were obtained from outside. The male cases (55%) outnumbered the females (45%). And, a maximum number of instances in quinquagenarian among males and sexagenarian among females. In peritoneal fluids, females (29/30) outnumbered males. Fifty-nine (22%) samples showed the presenc

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Ren, Shuyue, and William Klump. "Gynecologic Serous Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Analysis of Malignant Body Fluid Specimens." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, no. 6 (2018): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2017-0260-oa.

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Context.— Evaluation of fluid specimens involved by serous carcinoma might potentially include PAX8, GATA3, Uroplakin II, SOX2, and SALL4 antibodies. Those markers are commonly employed for diagnosing carcinomas of various types, including urothelial malignancies and germ cell tumors. There have been no comprehensive immunohistochemical studies, to our knowledge, for those markers on fluid specimens involved by serous carcinoma. Objective.— To evaluate immunohistochemical markers PAX8, GATA3, SOX2, uroplakin II, and SALL4 in the diagnosis of high-grade serous carcinoma in fluid specimens. Desi

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Baer, Kristin E., and Gregory P. Smith. "Serous Body Cavity Fluid Examination." Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 2 (2001): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/m5c1-45a6-73q4-9mdb.

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5

Melcher, D. "Atlas of Serous Fluid Cytopathology." Journal of Clinical Pathology 43, no. 12 (1990): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.43.12.1039-c.

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6

Marakana, Nirali, Jayshree Vaghani, Bhavesh Faldu, and Hansa Goswami. "EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY OF SEROUS FLUIDS- AN IMPORTANT AID TO PRIMARY DIAGNOSIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 08 (2024): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19261.

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Introduction: Body fluid cytology is an important diagnostic test for various malignant and benign conditions. Effusions can be caused by inflammatory, infectious, and benign neoplastic or malignant and primary or metastatic diseases. Such conditions in effusions may often have overlapping features and mimic one another both cytomorphologically and clinically, presenting diagnostic challenges.1 Aims and Objectives: To study tha age and gender wise distribution of cases. To the study the incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. To study the cytomorphology of neoplastic and non-neopla

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7

Gabali, Ali. "Serous fluids and hematolymphoid disorders." Cytojournal 19 (March 19, 2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_02_12_2021.

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Diagnosing hematolymphoid neoplasm by evaluating fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology sample is controversial and requires experience and clinical skills. This concept becomes more challenging when evaluating hematolymphoid neoplasm in body fluid. Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. However, in most cases there are specific features that may aid in differentiating small reactive from non-reactive ly

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Saxena, Arti, Vijay Kumar, and JB Shukla. "Four Layer Cylindrical Model of Mucus Transport in the Lung: Effect of Prolonged Cough." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 19, no. 1 (2019): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i1.43873.

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Background: In this paper, a four layer model of the simultaneous and coaxial flow of moist air, mucus, mixture of mucin and periciliary liquid and serous fluid (assumed to be incompressible and Newtonian fluids) in a circular tube under time dependent pressure gradient representing prolonged cough is analyzed to study the mucus transport in an airway in the presence of prolonged cough. It is assumed that air and mucus flow under quasi steady state turbulent conditions while the mixture of mucin and periciliary liquid and serous layer surrounding mixture layer flows under unsteady laminar cond

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9

Christofidis, Konstantinos, Maria Theochari, Stylianos Mavropoulos Papoudas, et al. "Optimal Volume Assessment for Serous Fluid Cytology." Biomedicines 12, no. 4 (2024): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040899.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the optimal volume of serous fluid needed for accurate diagnosis using The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS), as well as to provide information on the distribution of serous effusion cases in the TIS categories (ND: non-diagnostic, NFM: negative for malignancy, AUS: atypia of undetermined significance, SFM: suspicious for malignancy, MAL: malignant) and relevant epidemiological data. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2340 serous effusion cases (pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial) from two hospitals between 2018 a

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10

Gabali, Ali. "Flow cytometry, molecular analysis, and other special techniques (in Serous Fluid Cytopathology)." Cytojournal 19 (March 19, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_02_13_2021.

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Morphological and architectural pattern evaluations play a major role in the rpretation of hematopoietic neoplasms. However, confirmation of diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and risk stratification are highly dependent on the utilization of multiple ancillary studies. The importance of these ancillary studies increases in evaluating serous fluid samples, as these samples lack architecture and patterns. Likewise, the morphology can be disturbed by sample preparation. The most common ancillary studies utilized are flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry for immunophenotyping, Fluorescent In Si

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Satpathi, Dipak Kumar, Kota Venkata Ratnam, and Adepalli Ramu. "Model for mucus transport in the airways due to air motion — Effect of slipperiness." International Journal of Biomathematics 09, no. 05 (2016): 1650074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524516500741.

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In this paper, a circular three-layer flow model is proposed to study mucus transport in the airways due to air motion caused by mild forced expiration or mild coughing. Mucus is represented by four-parameter viscoelastic fluid, a combination of Maxwell and Voigt elements, whereas air and serous fluid are taken as Newtonian fluids (incompressible). The pressure gradient generated in the fluid layers is assumed to be given by a time-dependent function representing mild forced expiration or mild cough in the airways causing laminar flow. The effect of slip velocity at the mucus–serous interface

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12

Choi, Hyuck-Won, Sang-Woong Moon, Jae-Suk Kim, and Joo-Hwa Lee. "Measurement and Analysis of Serous Fluid in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy using OCT." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 49, no. 2 (2008): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2008.49.2.282.

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13

Shidham, Vinod B. "Metastatic Carcinoma in Effusions." Cytojournal 19 (January 31, 2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_02_09_2021.

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Serous cavity may be involved by any neoplasm, including very rare examples of involvement by central nervous system tumors leading to a malignant effusion. The serous cavity lining is rich in lymphatics with lymphatic lacunae opening directly through narrow gaps (stoma) in the lining. Carcinomas mainly metastasize to serosa via the lymphatic vessels, which may be blocked leading to effusion. Primary carcinomas of organs such as lung, intestines, liver, ovary, etc., lined by serosal membranes may spread by direct extension, resulting in malignant effusions. As standard of practice, unless spec

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14

Michael, Claire W. "Serous fluid cytopathology: Past, present, and future." Diagnostic Cytopathology 49, no. 5 (2021): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dc.24663.

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15

Mikou, Panagiota, Konstantinos Christofidis, Alexandros Pergaris, and Panagiota Keramari. "Optimal Volume Assessment for Serous Fluid Cytology." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 11, no. 6 (2022): S27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2022.07.050.

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16

Chen, Hannah H., Xiaoying Liu, and Qun Wang. "Updates and challenges in serous fluid cytopathology." Human Pathology Reports 36 (June 2024): 300738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpr.2024.300738.

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R, Murugan, Kandasamy S, Gunasekaran KP, Ramalingam GS, and Kulandaivel AL. "Standardized cytopathology reporting of fluids using newly proposed international system for reporting serous fluid cytology - A single institutional experience." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 11, no. 3 (2023): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-41.

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Background: Serous fluids are commonly produced in many disease conditions and it is relatively easy to collect it. Subjecting it to analysis will help identify the etiology of the disease process and thereby help the clinicians to plan the treatment strategy appropriately. The application of the international system for reporting serous fluid cytology will further make it easy for the clinicians with its simpler terminologies and clear categorization of entities. Materials and method: All effusion samples that were received from 2020 to 2022 were examined and categorized according to internat

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Shidham, Vinod B., and Lester J. Layfield. "Approach to Diagnostic Cytopathology of Serous Effusions." Cytojournal 18 (December 6, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_02_03_2021.

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Collection of most serous fluids from various effusions is a relatively simple procedure. Because of this, serous fluids are commonly submitted for pathologic examination including cytopathologic evaluation by various clinical institutions. As a consequence, even a general pathology laboratory which may not have expertise with highly trained cytopathologist would be confronted with serous fluids for cytologic evaluation. However, cytopathologic evaluation of serous fluids is complex as compared to evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology. This signifies the fact that all pathologists, irr

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19

Singh, Shivangi, Preet Kanwar Singh Sodhi, and Shivraj Tagare. "Central serous chorioretinopathy mimicking as choroidal hemangioma – A diagnostic challenge." Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 18, no. 2 (2025): 224–27. https://doi.org/10.4103/ojo.ojo_241_23.

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Abstract Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) occurs due to hyper-permeable choroidal capillaries, which, along with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction, causes a serous neurosensory retinal detachment. Circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas are also characterized by serous neurosensory detachment of the macula and cause degenerative changes to the RPE, rarely mimicking CSCR. Here, we present a case of CSCR in a middle-aged patient mimicking as a choroidal mass lesion who presented as a solitary choroidal elevation with subretinal fluid and posterior choroidal loculation of fluid and

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20

Shinde, Chaitanya M., Sujata R. Kanetkar, Sujata S. Kumbhar, Radhika Mandviwala, and Prachi Patil. "EVALUATING THE RISK OF MALIGNANCY IN SEROUS EFFUSIONS USING THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FOR REPORTING SEROUS FLUID CYTOPATHOLOGY (TIS)." International Journal of Environmental Sciences 11, no. 12s (2025): 668–73. https://doi.org/10.64252/xsjzwx78.

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Background: Serous effusions are a common clinical presentation encountered in cytopathology. The International System (TIS) for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology provides a standardized five-tier diagnostic framework to improve consistency and uniformity in diagnosis and clinical communication. Objective: To categorize serous effusion samples according to TIS and assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) in each category. Methods: This prospective observational study analyzed 438 serous fluid samples (pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial) at a tertiary care center. Cytological smears were catego

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21

Sharma, Sudha, Dibyanshu Sekhar Mohapatra, Nalini Gupta, Radhika Srinivasan, Arvind Rajwanshi, and Pranab Dey. "Cytology of peritoneal implants of borderline serous tumor of ovaries in ascitic fluid." Cytojournal 18 (July 27, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_56_2020.

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Objectives: Peritoneal fluid cytology is done routinely in cases with serous carcinoma of ovary. However, morphologic features of borderline serous tumors (BSTs) of ovary in ascitic fluid have been rarely described. The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphologic features of BST with and without ascitic fluid involvement (BST+ and BST-, respectively) and compare with those of serous carcinomas, both in conventional and liquid-based cytology (LBC) smears. Material and Methods: Out of 30 BST cases reported in 3 years, seven cases had BST+. We compared the cytomorphology of seven cases of BS

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22

MORIARTY, J. A., and J. B. GROTBERG. "Flow-induced instabilities of a mucus–serous bilayer." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 397 (October 25, 1999): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099005704.

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In this paper we investigate the stability of a bilayer exposed to air flow. The bilayer consists of a viscoelastic solid layer (mucus), which rests on a viscous fluid film (serous fluid). The motivation behind this work is to examine the coupled, fluid/elastic instabilities related to mucus clearance in the lung where breathing and cough apply shear forces from the air flow onto the bilayer. Previous research on mucus transport due to air flow has not addressed the effects of the underlying serous layer nor those of surface tension at the mucus–air interface, two new features incorporated int

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23

Bonnema, Jorien, David A. Ligtenstein, Theo Wiggers, and Albert N. van Geel. "The composition of serous fluid after axillary dissection." European Journal of Surgery 165, no. 1 (1999): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/110241599750007441.

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24

Parwani, Anil V., Theresa Y. Chan, and Syed Z. Ali. "Significance of psammoma bodies in serous cavity fluid." Cancer 102, no. 2 (2004): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20161.

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25

Bodea, Flaviu, Andrei-Flavius Radu, Ruxandra-Florina Bodog, Teodora Maria Bodog, and Cristina Ariadna Nicula. "Micropulse Laser Therapy in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy." Clinics and Practice 14, no. 6 (2024): 2484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14060194.

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Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a retinal condition characterized by the accumulation of subretinal fluid, often linked to elevated levels of endogenous corticosteroids and stress-related hormones, which can lead to visual disturbances. This connection may explain the association of CSCR with high stress levels and the use of corticosteroid medications. Although many cases resolve spontaneously, persistent or severe instances may require intervention. Case Description: Our report presents a case of acute CSCR in a 33-year-old male who developed the condition following co

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López-Córdova, Frida, Hugo Vega-Huerta, Gisella Luisa Elena Maquen-Niño, Jaime Cáceres-Pizarro, Ivan Adrianzén-Olano, and Oscar Benito-Pacheco. "Construction of a New Data Set of Pleural Fluid Cytological Images for Research." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 21, no. 07 (2025): 138–51. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v21i07.54323.

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The limited availability of standardized datasets has hindered the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) models in serous fluid cytology, particularly in pleural fluid analysis. In this paper, we present the construction of a dataset of pleural fluid cytology images. The objective is to generate a dataset of pleural fluid cytologic images validated by two pathologists and classified into five categories for cell diagnosis, which will be used to train AI models. As a methodology, the images represent pleural fluid cytology samples that have been prepared through medical procedures and

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27

Kapoor, Shilpa, Satarupa Samanta, and Kanwalpreet Kaur. "Role of Ancillary Techniques in Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology – “Redefining Categories, Refining Diagnosis”." Journal of Cytology 41, no. 2 (2024): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_114_23.

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Background: The “International System of Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (TIS)” together with cytomorphology promotes the use of ancillary techniques to resolve difficulties in reporting serous fluid cytology. Objective: To classify serous effusion fluid samples received at our department in line with “TIS”, indicating the risk of malignancy (ROM), and directing appropriate usage of ancillary testing. Materials and Methods: Prospective study carried out from October 2021 to September 2022. The study included all pleural, ascitic, and pericardial fluid samples, reported according to ‘TIS’. Flow

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Chandra, Ashish, Barbara Crothers, Daniel Kurtycz, and Fernando Schmitt. "Announcement: The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology." Acta Cytologica 63, no. 5 (2019): 349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000501536.

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Serous fluids are a common but important specimen type in a cytopathology laboratory. There is as yet no agreed standardized terminology to allow uniformity in reporting on these specimens. Given that serous fluids are a rich source of cytopathological as well as molecular information on a range of benign and often advanced malignant conditions, a unified approach to handling and reporting these specimens covering the pre-analytical, analytical and postanalytical stages seems timely. Representatives of the international cytology community have come together once again to develop an algorithmic

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A., Zahida O., Krishnaraj Upadhyaya, Mohammad Niaz, and Shreesha Khandige. "Approach for reporting serous effusion fluid in pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavity and immunohistochemistry." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2020): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201347.

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Background: The aim of this study is to make a detailed cytological study of effusion fluids and compare with cell block study of the representative cases and IHC studies were done.Methods: Prospective study of 216 cases effusion fluids from in and around hospitals, Mangalore. This study conducted over a period of 18 months from October-2014 to April-2016. This study scrutinized and approved by Institutional Ethics Committee. The samples were processed by conventional cytology using Papanicolaou-stain and Cell Block (CB) method using 10% Alcohol-formalin fixative and stained with H and E. The

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SUDOH, Manabu, Tadahiko ENOKI, Masatoshi SHIGETA, Masahiko ORITA, Shinji NOSHIMA, and Kimikazu HAMANO. "A CASE OF RETROPERITONEAL SEROUS CYST WITH ELEVATION OF CA19-9 LEVEL IN SEROUS FLUID." Nihon Rinsho Geka Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of Japan Surgical Association) 66, no. 9 (2005): 2321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/jjsa.66.2321.

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Sahu, Saumya, Parikshaa Gupta, and Pranab Dey. "Molecular testing on serous effusion: An update." Cytojournal 18 (December 6, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_55_2020.

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Cytological examination of the effusion fluid provides valuable information regarding the presence of malignancy. At times, it is challenging to diagnose malignant cells in serous effusion. The various ancillary techniques are available to solve the problem including immunocytochemistry, DNA ploidy, and multicolored flow cytometry. At present, the molecular tests on the effusion sample are of growing interest. The effusion sample is rich in cells and cell-free fluid that contains free DNA, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles. Molecular tests in effusion sample not only provide a diagnosis of

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32

Sartini, Francesco, Martina Menchini, Chiara Posarelli, Giamberto Casini, and Michele Figus. "Bullous Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Rare and Atypical Form of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. A Systematic Review." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 9 (2020): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13090221.

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Bullous central serous chorioretinopathy (bCSCR) is a rare variant of the central serous chorioretinopathy, complicated by an exudative retinal detachment with shifting fluid. This systematic review aims to present the epidemiology, the pathogenesis, the clinical presentation, the imaging, the differential diagnosis, and the latest treatments of this disease. A total of 60 studies were identified following a literature search adhering to PRISMA guidelines. After full-text evaluation, 34 studies about bCSCR were included. bCSCR usually affects middle-aged men, and the principal risk factor is c

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Sekaran, A. "UTILITY OF AUTOMATED HEMATOLOGY ANALYZER IN THE DETECTION OF MALIGNANT CELLS IN SEROUS EFFUSIONS." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 162, Supplement_1 (2024): S78—S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqae129.175.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Although microscopic examination is the gold standard for body fluid malignant cytology, it has a higher turnaround time and inter observed variability. Screening of serous effusions for malignant cells using haematology methods of automated analysis provides a rapid and objective result to the clinicians for initiating necessary treatment. Automated haematology analysers are equipped with body fluid (BF) mode that can detect high fluorescence cells body fluid (HF-BF) cells, mononuclear and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells using flowcytometry laser scatter principl

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Chandan, Dr Rajesh h., Dr Sumana Pawar, and Dr Purushotham Redd. "Analysis of diagnostic value of cytological smear method versus cell block method in body fluids with clinical and biochemical correlation: study of 150 cases." Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 7, no. 1 (2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/jopm.2021.i01.02.

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Background: Aspiration of serous cavities is a simple and relatively non-invasive technique toachieve diagnosis. Cytological evaluation of body cavity fluid is diagnostically challenging. Especiallyin malignant effusions, helps in staging, prognosis and management of the patients. Aims: Toassess the utility and sensitivity of cell block method over conventional smear technique incytodiagnosis of the serous effusions. And to assess the utility and sensitivity of cytologicalevaluation of body fluids with biochemical and clinical correlation. Methods: A total of 150 fluidspecimens were examined f

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Mansour, Ahmad M., and Rola Hamam. "Operating room central serous chorioretinopathy." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 5 (January 1, 2017): 2050313X1774005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x17740052.

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Objectives: The operating room is a place of surgical intervention with its accompanying bodily and cognitive strain on the performers. Stress in the operating room may lead to the onset of central serous chorioretinopathy as reported hereby in a retina surgeon and is labeled as operating room central serous chorioretinopathy. Methods: The same operator performed the optical coherence tomography scans on one retina surgeon. A masked observer estimated the maximal height of the subretinal fluid. Results: Central serous chorioretinopathy recurred four times over a 1-year period 1 -2 days after a

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Rajeswaran, Priyadarshini Kumaraswamy, Vidhyalakshmi Srinivasan, Swaathi Shri Venkatasubramanian Mahesh, and Arsha Usha Ashok. "A Retrospective Analysis of the Application of the Newly Proposed International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology on Serous Effusion Specimens: An Institutional Experience." Acta Cytologica 67, no. 1 (2022): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000527398.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The International Academy of Cytology and the American Society of Cytopathology recently proposed the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) to standardize serous fluid cytopathology reporting and guide further clinical management. The current study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing ISRSFC reporting categories for serous fluids, estimate the risk of malignancy (ROM) of each category, and scrutinize if the management protocols followed in our institution are as per the ISRFSFC recommendations. <b>&lt

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Hamza, Lazaar, Meryem Sefrioui, Taha Boutaj, et al. "CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY FOLLOWING ORAL USE OF TADALAFIL." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 02 (2024): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18317.

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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is characterized by a localized serous detachment of the neuroretina (DSR), associated with detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) at the posterior pole [1]and a leakage of fluid in the subretinal space. Pregnancy, Type A personality, and systemic corticosteroid therapy are the main risk factors for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy [ 2] We report the case of a patient who developed central serous chorioretinopathy following the oral intake of 20mg tadalafil erectile dysfunction, suggesting a possible involvement of phosphodiesterase type 5 i

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38

Layfield, Lester J., Zhongbo Yang, Maryna Vazmitsel, Tao Zhang, Magda Esebua, and Robert Schmidt. "The international system for serous fluid cytopathology: Interobserver agreement." Diagnostic Cytopathology 50, no. 1 (2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dc.24900.

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Srivastava, Pooja, Daniel Martinez Coconubo, Swikrity Upadhyay Baskota, and Samer Khader. "Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Involving Serous Fluid: A Cytopathologic Review." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 10, no. 5 (2021): S17—S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2021.07.018.

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Pryds, Anders, Birgit Sander, and Michael Larsen. "Characterization of Subretinal Fluid Leakage in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 51, no. 11 (2010): 5853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-4830.

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41

Raab, Stephen S. "Significance of Atypical Cells in Cytologic Serous Fluid Specimens." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 111, no. 1 (1999): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/111.1.11.

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42

Johnson, John M. "Serous fluid leakage through PTFE grafts: A possible explanation." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 89, no. 3 (1985): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5223(19)38801-4.

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POWELL, ELIZABETH C., and AAMIR BANDAY. "Serous fluid leakage after a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt." Pediatric Emergency Care 15, no. 5 (1999): 330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199910000-00008.

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Marshall, Mason, Sigfred Lajara, Gabriela Quiroga, and Samer Khader. "Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in Serous Fluid Cytology Specimens." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 12, no. 5 (2023): S18—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2023.07.030.

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Baskota, Swikrity Upadhyay, Daniel Martinez Coconubo, Pooja Srivastava, Mario Saab-Chalhoub, and Samer Khader. "Reclassification of Serous Fluid Specimens Using the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS) and Estimating the Risk of Malignancy (ROM)." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 10, no. 5 (2021): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2021.07.022.

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Rabczynski, Jerzy, Julia K. Bar, Anna Noworolska, Mieczyslaw Cislo, Roman Richer, and Antonina Harlozinska. "Morphologic Heterogeneity of Cell Populations Isolated by Density Gradient Centrifugation from Serous Fluids of Ovarian Tumors." Tumori Journal 73, no. 6 (1987): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089168707300601.

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The cells of tumor fluid from patients with malignant and benign serous ovarian neoplasms were fractionated using Ficoll-Uropoline density gradient centrifugation. Density distribution and morphologic characteristics of cell fractions were analyzed. It was found that serous ovarian adenocarcinomas contained three to four types of morphologically malignant cells focused in low density layers. Borderline ovarian neoplasms showed the presence of one subpopulation of cells with some features of malignancy and cells with some atypical but non-malignant features. The fluids of serous cysts contained

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Myslík Manethová, Kateřina. "Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. A Review." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 80, no. 2 (2023): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2023/39.

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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease characterized by serous detachment of the neuroretina, especially in the posterior pole of the eye. It is often accompanied by serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and associated with the leakage of fluid into the subretinal space through the defective RPE. CSC most often affects men of working age. The exact pathophysiology of the disease is not completely known. Based on indocyanine green angiography (ICG), which revealed increased permeability of choroidal vessels, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) showing increas

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Schaal, Karen B., Alexandra E. Hoeh, Alexander Scheuerle, Florian Schuett, and Stefan Dithmar. "Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Treatment of Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy." European Journal of Ophthalmology 19, no. 4 (2009): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067210901900415.

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Purpose To evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of intraretinal or subretinal fluid accumulation secondary to chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods Twelve patients were treated with intravitreal injections of 2.5 mg bevacizumab at 6-to 8-week intervals until intraretinal or subretinal fluid resolved. Observation procedures were Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ophthalmic examination, and optical coherence tomography (OCT), performed at 6- to 8-week intervals. Fluorescein angiog

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Saranya, Balasubramanian, Murugan Roopmala, and Priya Gunasekaran Kumudhini. "A Study on Identifying Risk of Malignancy by Cytopathology Reporting of Peritoneal Fluid Effusion Using Newly Proposed International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 491–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11642471.

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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Peritoneal fluid effusion are generally formed in many disease situations and it is quite easy to collect it. Exposing it to analysis will help recognize the etiology of the disease process and thereby help the clinicians to plan the treatment plan correctly. The appliance of The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology will further make it easy for the clinicians with its simpler terminologies and clear categorization of entities. <strong>Materials and Method:</strong> All peritoneal effusion samples that were received for a period

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Visavadiya, Riya Satishbhai, Dimple Hardikbhai Darad, Mohmadovesh Mohmadyunus Panchbhaiya, and Alaukika Naranbhai Rathwa. "Application of The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS) on Reporting Various Body Fluids: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western India." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 11, no. 9 (2024): A245–251. https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3378.

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Background: Serous effusion is the accumulation of fluid in body cavities due to various causes, with malignancies being one of the important contributors. The various sites from which fluid can be sent for analysis include the pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 114 fluids were studied. All received body fluid samples sent to the cytopathology section of the pathology department, including pleural and peritoneal fluids, were examined, excluding sputum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. Wherever availabl

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