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Journal articles on the topic 'Servants of India Society'
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1
Alexander, Jasmine Sarah. "Gokhale’s Servants of India Society: A Legacy Lost to Social Work Training in India." Indian Journal of Social Work 81, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32444/ijsw.2020.81.1.87-108.
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WINTERBOTTOM, ANNA. "An experimental community: the East India Company in London, 1600–1800." British Journal for the History of Science 52, no. 2 (June 2019): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000220.
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AbstractThe early East India Company (EIC) had a profound effect on London, filling the British capital with new things, ideas and people; altering its streets; and introducing exotic plants and animals. Company commodities – from saltpetre to tea to opium – were natural products and the EIC sought throughout the period to understand how to produce and control them. In doing so, the company amassed information, designed experiments and drew on the expertise of people in the settlements and of individuals and institutions in London. Frequent collaborators in London included the Royal Society and the Society of Apothecaries. Seeking success in the settlements and patronage in London, company servants amassed large amounts of data concerning natural objects and artificial practices. Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, company scholars and their supporters in London sought to counter critiques of the EIC by demonstrating the utility to the nation of the objects and ideas they brought home. The EIC transformed itself several times between 1600 and 1800. Nonetheless, throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, its knowledge culture was characterized by reliance on informal networks that linked the settlements with one another and with London.
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Kumar Singh, Pradeep. "Tackling of Corruption in India by Recently Enacted Penal Laws." ATHENS JOURNAL OF LAW 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 297–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.7-3-2.
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Corruption is not only a crime but also a serious social problem which further begets many other problems like black money, black market, money laundering etc. Corruption affects infrastructural development, economic growth, prosperity of nation and ultimately erodes public faith in law, government, governmental policies and governance. In this era of globalization, and science and technology, anything happening in one nation affects all other nations and persons throughout world. When in one nation public servants commit corruption and they have corrupt mentality; such situation affects not only the nation concerned but also the world community. It is always important requisite that the legal regime to tackle problem of corruption has to be reviewed and amended to suit the requirements of criminal justice system. In India recently legal regime relating to corruption has been amended for effective tackling of corruption and corruption related problems. In this paper analysis will be made regarding effectiveness of recently enacted laws to deal with corruption. Keywords: Benami property; Black money; Corruption; Confiscation; Criminalisation; Money laundering; Society; Tax evasion.
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Bollée, Annegret. "French on the Island of Bourbon (Réunion)." Journal of Language Contact 8, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00801005.
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France first laid claim to the uninhabited Island of Bourbon in 1640 (the name was changed into La Réunion in 1848), but permanent settlement and colonisation did not start until 1665. The present study zooms in on the first 50 years of the French colony and examines the intricacies of who spoke which language to whom on the basis of sociodemographic data concerning colonial households in the société d’habitation (‘homestead society’). Interethnic marriages were frequent in the first years; many of the first French settlers had Malagasy spouses and servants, others married young women from India. Malagasy can be shown to have left an imprint on the variety of French spoken during the early years of the colony. It is assumed that the colonists and their slaves spoke varieties which can be classified as approximative French, sharing several features with other varieties of overseas French. These early approximative varieties of French became the basis from which Réunion Creole developed in the société de plantation (‘plantation society’) in the years after 1725.
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Parkash, Dr Braham. "Political Life of Lala Lajpat Rai." Think India 22, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8327.
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The fact is that Lala Lajpat Rai joined the Indian National Congress (INC) and participated in many political agitations in Punjab. For his political agitation, he was deported to Burma without trial in 1907 but returned after a few months because of lack of evidence. Moreover, He was opposed to the partition of Bengal and founded the Home Rule League of America in 1917 in New York. He was also elected President of the All India Trade Union Congress and he supported the non-cooperation movement of Gandhi at the Nagpur session of the Congress in 1920. He also protested against the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that followed. He founded the Servants of People Society in 1921 and he was elected deputy leader of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1926. In 1928, he moved a resolution in the assembly refusing cooperation with the Simon Commission since the Commission had no Indian members. He was leading a silent protest against the Simon Commission in Lahore when he was brutally lathi-charged by Superintendent of Police, James Scott. Rai died of injuries sustained a few weeks later. In this regard most of the scholars agreed that Lala Lajpat Rai’s contribution to Indian National Movement fall in the unique category. The present research paper highlights Lala Lajpat Rai’s political life.
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Chidananda, Dr R. G. "A Brief Analysis about Anubhavamantapa & Parliament of India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37073.
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The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative authority in the country and it is bicameral. It is divided into two houses – the Rajya Sabha, which is the Council of States, and the Lok Sabha, which is the House of the People. The Lok Sabha can be dissolved. In Rajya Sabha, 238 members are elected by the State and 12 members are nominated by the President for their contribution in the fields of art, literature, science and social services. The citizens of India directly elect the 543 members exercising the universal adult franchise. All the Indian citizens, who are aged 18 years and above, irrespective of their gender, caste, religion or race, are eligible to vote to elect their representatives to the Parliament. BASAVESHVARA established ANUBHAVA MANTAPA, a seat for intellectual discourses and provided equal opportunity to learn to all persons. It was a laboratory of Basaveshvara own preaching’s. He was the protagonist of equality and therefore the Anubhava Mantapa was open to all without distinctions of old and young, rich and poor, men and women, high and low, king and servants. It is a well-known fact that for centuries before Basaveshvara’s movement and also even during his period, there had been unimaginable wastage of talent because of the caste system. Basaveshvara pleaded for suitable opportunities to be provided for all the citizens for the fullest development of their personality. Learning had been the monopoly of a few privileged people only and a large section of the society was deprived of such a facility and it led to exploitation of the under-privileged by a few privileged ones. Basaveshvara revolted against such a system and proclaimed that knowledge is not the monopoly of a few people.
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Magliari, Michael F. "Free State Slavery: Bound Indian Labor and Slave Trafficking in California's Sacramento Valley, 1850–1864." Pacific Historical Review 81, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 155–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2012.81.2.155.
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Although it outlawed chattel slavery, antebellum California permitted the virtual enslavement of Native Americans under the 1850 Act for the Government and Protection of Indians. Drawing data from a rare and valuable cache of Indian indenture records at the Colusa County courthouse and interpreting them through the lens of Henry Bailey's candid pioneer memoir, this article offers a detailed case study of bound Native American labor and Indian slave trafficking in Northern California's Sacramento Valley. While never comprising a majority of the state's rural work force, bound Indian laborers proved essential to California's rise as a major agricultural producer. Compensating for the dearth of white women and children in male-dominated Gold Rush society and providing a vital alternative source of labor in an expensive free wage market, captive Indian farm hands and domestic servants enabled pioneer farm operations and communities to flourish throughout the formative 1850s and 1860s.
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Brown, Kahlia. "A Brief History of Race, Politics and Division in Trinidad and Guyana." Caribbean Quilt 5 (May 19, 2020): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/caribbeanquilt.v5i0.34377.
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This essay will act as an analysis of the Indo-Afro racial politics of two west Indian countries: Trinidad and Tobago, and Guyana. I will give the circumstances that led to the migration of large numbers of East Indians as indentured servants to Trinidad and Guyana, specifically. I will also explain how these conditions led to a distinct form of government and society. Through tables of electoral data in Trinidad, the racial voting patterns will be observed, and I will elaborate on how political parties do or do not pander to their respective racial communities. Finally, I will conclude by addressing how the racial divide in these two large Caribbean nations impact Caribbean regionalism on a larger scale.
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Noronha, Sonia Delrose, and P. S. Aithal. "Glass Ceiling- A Silent Barrier for Women in Highly Advanced and Humanistic Society." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 5, no. 3 (December 27, 2016): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v5.n3.p9.
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<p><em>Indian society in the present scenario is considered to be highly competitive, advanced and techno-friendly enhancing the talents and career growth of both men and women. This educated society has also created awareness for gender equity. Moreover, this advancement has also provided ample opportunities for women to occupy equal positions as men. Since many decades women have made their presence felt in almost all positions in different organizations. Though we find enough number of women occupying many positions it is doubtful about women occupying the executive positions where decision making plays a major role. Along with work life balance and traditions, there is an invisible barrier that acts as a challenge for women influencing their advancement. One can silently observe a glass ceiling creating a barrier for women to optimize their capacities to the fullest. Here arises the need to investigate the presence of the invisible glass ceiling for women and its impact on their career advancement. For the development of a nation, politics plays a vital role. Politicians being the representatives of the people help people solve their problems by making policies and amend the existing laws. Here the participation of women as public servants is equally important. This study hence tries to analyze if there exist any glass ceiling in Indian political scenario and also tries to find the conditions required for women to obtain such positions. The study will be exploratory in nature based on a comparative analysis of the data gathered from various online sources.</em></p>
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Ray, Rajat Kanta. "The Kahar Chronicle." Modern Asian Studies 21, no. 4 (October 1987): 711–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0000929x.
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Untouchable agricultural servants in the Indian countryside are among the lowliest people on earth. Such illiterate folk leave no written record to enable historians to comprehend their world from their own angle of vision. To write their history from below, historians have to search for contemporaneous observations which—even though made by an outsider—show some degree of empathy with their consciousness. The gifted novelist is able to enter recesses of the mind which elude the most acute scientific investigator. Among the several Bengali novels which have taken for their theme the wretched of the earth, perhaps the most empathetic is the Kahar Chronicle of Tarashankar Banerjee which thankfully avoids painting their life in unrelieved black. In Hansuli Banker Upakatha, the novelist, a small landlord in Birbhum district, descends to the bottom of rural society to give us—as far as possible for a gifted novelist of gentry origin—a view from within.
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ALAVI, SEEMA. "Medical Culture in Transition: Mughal Gentleman Physician and the Native Doctor in Early Colonial India." Modern Asian Studies 42, no. 5 (September 2008): 853–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x07002958.
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AbstractThe essay explores a Greco-Arabic healing tradition that arrived in India with the Muslims and evolved with the expansion of the Mughal Empire. It came to be known as unani in the sub-continent. It studies unani texts and its practitioners in the critical period of transition to British rule, and questions the idea of ‘colonial medicine’ being the predominant site of culture and power. It shows that in the decades immediately preceding the early 19th century British expansion, unani underwent a critical transformation that was triggered by new influences from the Arab lands. These changes in local medical culture shaped the later colonial intrusions in matters related to health. The essay concludes that the pro-active role of the English Company and the wide usage of the printing press only added new contenders to the ongoing contest over medical authority. By the 1830s this complex interplay moved health away from its previous focus on individual aristocratic virtue, to the new domain of societal well being. It also projected the healer not merely as a gentleman physician concerned with individual health, but as a public servant responsible for the well being of society at large. These changes were rapid and survived the reforms of 1830s. They ensured that ‘colonial medicine’ remained entangled in local contestations over medical authority.
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REID, ANTONY S. "SERVANTS IN SOCIETY: VICTORIAN SERVANTS IN AFFLUENT EDINBURGH." Family & Community History 2, no. 2 (November 1999): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/fch.1999.2.2.005.
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Boyanov, M., and M. Boyanova. "Humble Servants to Human Society." Acta Medica Bulgarica 47, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2020-0014.
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Kumar, Sanjay. "India: Public servants and population control." Lancet 341, no. 8842 (February 1993): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)93008-o.
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Verhoef, Grietjie. "From Friendly Society to Compulsory Medical Aid Association." Social Science History 30, no. 4 (2006): 601–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013602.
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The compulsory medical benefit scheme for white public servants in South Africa grew out of a friendly society founded in 1905. This development diverged from the experience of other members of the British Commonwealth, where universal health insurance schemes developed following the British example. The Civil Servants’ Medical Benefit Association (CSMBA) addressed the needs of white public servants, leaving the non-white communities without any form of government-sponsored medical support, apart from health care provided at government hospitals. The CSMBA was a well-managed medical benefit association, but when it was appointed the compulsory medical benefit association for white public servants, government intervention affected the financial viability of the organization, despite the payment of a state subsidy.
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Gupta, Charu. "Domestic Anxieties, Recalcitrant Intimacies: Representation of Servants in Hindi Print Culture of Colonial India." Studies in History 34, no. 2 (April 17, 2018): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0257643018762939.
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This essay presents a social history of power relations between domestic workers and their employers by examining the representations of servants in a wide array of Hindi print literature, including didactic manuals, popular magazines, reformist writings and cartoons, in the early twentieth-century North India. Exploring possibilities within repertoires of representation, it navigates how a contentious discourse around servant and employer developed in the Hindi print sphere. The essay links the portrayal of servants with changing class, caste and religious dynamics, in which print intersected with material circumstances to shape the hierarchical relationship between servants and employers. While imaging ‘ideal’ servants, the Hindi vernacular was also infused with their negative counterparts and anxieties around personal interactions between mistresses and servants, taking its cue from quotidian life and caste–community relations of the time. Increasing assertion by Dalits and growing antagonism between Hindus and Muslims left its imprints on portrayals of subordinate-caste and Muslim servants by dominant castes and classes. The vernacular straddled these domains of distance/desire and hate/love in the servant–employer relationship.
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SINHA, NITIN. "Who Is (Not) a Servant, Anyway? Domestic servants and service in early colonial India*." Modern Asian Studies 55, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 152–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x19000271.
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AbstractThe article deals with one of the under-researched themes of Indian history, which is the history of domestic servants. Thinking about servants raises two fundamental questions: who were they and what did domestic service mean? The identities of a servant as a contract wage earner or a person either belonging as a member or tied to the family through fictive/constructed claims of kinship were not mutually exclusive. Servants' identity existed in a continuum running from ‘free’ waged coolie on the one hand to ‘unfree’ slave on the other. The article traces the history of domestic servants along two axes: the slave–servant continuum, but, more importantly, the coolie–servant conundrum, which is a lesser-explored field in South Asian labour history or burgeoning scholarship on domesticity and household. Charting through the dense history of terminologies, the space of the city, and legal frameworks adopted by the Company state to regulate servants, it also underscores the difficulties of researching on a subaltern group that is so ubiquitous yet so fragmented in the archives. In order to reconstruct servants' pasts, we need to shake up our own fields of history writing—urban, labour, gender, and social—to discover servants’ traces wherever they are found. From serving as witnesses in courtrooms to becoming the subject of a city's foundational anecdote, their presence was spread across straw huts, streets, and maidans. Their work, defined through ‘private hire’, was the product of a historical process in which a series of regulations helped to intimatize the master-servant relationship.
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Siddharth Thapliyal and Poonam Rawat. "Social-Engineer 'Civil Servants' Historical Development & Common Law Perspective." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (January 30, 2020): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.16845.
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Civil services in India are modeled upon the pattern of Britain. Still there are some important defenses between the law relating to civil servants in England and India. The expression civil post has been subject of judicial interpretation. The safeguard to Govt. servants in India has been provided in Indian constitution under Article and fundamental rights against doctrine of pleasure enumerated in Article 3l0. The doctrine pleasure is originated from English law through East India Company when British directly took over the command of India from East India Company. The doctrine of pleasure was prerogative of king in England. Which means govt. servants used to hold office during the pleasure of king or crown and his services could be terminated at any stage with giving him opportunity unless provided in statute. The crown was not bound by the terms and conditions of employment and terms of contract. It was considered that, king can do no wrong. There were direct relation between crown and its servants and the crown was empowered to terminate the services of its servant without affording them opportunity of hearing or without pay them any retrenchment compensation, pension benefits, damages for wrongful termination or any other relief which are applicable in present era.
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Siddharth Thapliyal and Poonam Rawat. "Social-Engineer 'Civil Servants' Historical Development & Common Law Perspective." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (January 24, 2020): 1118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.16859.
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Civil services in India are modeled upon the pattern of Britain. Still there are some important defenses between the law relating to civil servants in England and India. The expression civil post has been subject of judicial interpretation. The safeguard to Govt. servants in India has been provided in Indian constitution under Article and fundamental rights against doctrine of pleasure enumerated in Article 3l0. The doctrine pleasure is originated from English law through East India Company when British directly took over the command of India from East India Company. The doctrine of pleasure was prerogative of king in England. Which means govt. servants used to hold office during the pleasure of king or crown and his services could be terminated at any stage with giving him opportunity unless provided in statute. The crown was not bound by the terms and conditions of employment and terms of contract. It was considered that, king can do no wrong. There were direct relation between crown and its servants and the crown was empowered to terminate the services of its servant without affording them opportunity of hearing or without pay them any retrenchment compensation, pension benefits, damages for wrongful termination or any other relief which are applicable in present era.
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Nidhi, Aditi, and Nideesh Kumar TV. "Right to Information and Whistle Blower: A Journey from Theory to Practice." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, no. 1 (July 2, 2020): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8i1.2435.
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History is witness to the fact that there have always been informers who reveal inside information to others. Ancient Greeks talked about whistleblowing centuries before. Lykourgos, the Athenian orator, in his speech against Leokratis said: neither laws nor judges can bring any results unless someone denounces the wrongdoers. Even in Ancient India, the concept of a Whistle blower was in existence, Kautilya proposed- “Any informant (súchaka) who supplies information about embezzlement just under perpetration shall, if he succeeds in proving it, get as reward one-sixth of the amount in question; if he happens to be a government servant (bhritaka), he shall get for the same act one-twelfth of the amount.Whistle blowers play an important role in fighting corruption, in protecting the public and the environment from harm, and in providing accountability for the violation of legal norms. When an individual blows the whistle on alleged wrongdoing, he/she may suffer severe financial consequences. The law recognizes the social good that can come from whistleblowing by providing some protection for them and encouraging such conduct in a variety of ways.Even so, whistle blowers continue to occupy a fundamentally ambivalent position in society. Some whistle blowers are celebrated for their courage and self-sacrifice in protecting society from harm. But at the same time, many whistle blowers experience financial and social retaliation. This ambivalence is reflected in the law of whistleblowing: both its limited scope and how it operates. The law offers whistle blowers some legal protection, but government officials who are responsible for administering those laws often find ways to narrow that protection. Thus, even the most robust legal protection cannot protect whistle blowers from the social consequences of their action.While whistle blowers can play a critical role in protecting the public, they often pay an enormous personal price. The article will seek to aid an understanding of how different policy purposes, approaches, and legal options can be combined in the design of better legislation. It provides a guide to key elements of the new legislation, as an example of legislative development taking place over a long period, informed by different trends.
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Dalal, Rajbir Singh, and Ekta Chahal. "Ministers and Civil Servants Relations in India: An Evaluation." International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research 2, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v2i3.39.
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In parliamentary form of government, like in India, there exists two types of executives i.e. political or elected and permanent executive. Political executive derives its power from people and enjoys the power by virtue of constitutional position, while permanent executive or civil servant is selected on merit basis and accumulate its power due to administrative position and technical expertise. System of a democratic government is based on the principle of popular sovereignty where in the supreme rests in people or their elected representative. Political executive or Minister is assisted by civil servant. A balanced relationship between them is essential for smooth and efficient functioning of government. Minister and civil servant act as two pillars of parliamentary form of government and weakness of any one of them will adversely affect the performance of government. Theoretically political and permanent executives perform different role in government but in practice their work is often overlapping and difficult to differentiate it.
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Chaudhuri, Nupur. "Memsahibs and their servants in nineteenth-century India[1]." Women's History Review 3, no. 4 (December 1994): 549–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09612029400200071.
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Handa, K. L. "Training of Civil Servants in India for Financial Administration." Indian Journal of Public Administration 34, no. 3 (July 1988): 602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119880314.
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Bissessar, Ann Marie. "Challenges Facing Senior Public Servants in a Plural Society." Public Personnel Management 38, no. 1 (March 2009): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600903800101.
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Vanina, E. Yu. "FOREIGN SERVANTS IN AN INDIAN PRINCELY STATE BHOPAL (19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURIES)." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 3 (13) (2020): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-3-151-163.
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Bhopal, one of the ‘princely states’ and vassals of the British Empire (Central India), enjoyed special favour with its sovereign. Throughout a century, it was ruled by four generations of women who gained themselves, in India and outside, the reputation of enlightened and benevolent monarchs. Archival documents and memoirs allow glancing at the hitherto hidden world of domestic servants who not only ensured the comfortable and luxurious life of the princely family, but its high status too, both for fellow Indians and for British colonial administrators. Among the numerous servants employed by the Bhopal rulers, freely hired local residents prevailed. However, the natives of some other countries, quite far from India, were conspicuous as well: the article highlights West Europeans, Georgians and Africans (“Ethiopians”). In the princely household, foreign servants performed various functions. While British butlers and Irish or German nannies and governesses demonstrated the ruling family` s “Westernized” lifestyle, Georgian maids and African lackeys showcased the affluence and might of the Bhopal queens. Some foreign servants came to Bhopal by force: the reputation of ‘progressive’ was no obstacle for the Bhopal queens to use slave labour. When such cases became public, the British authorities responded with mild reproaches: condemning slavery, they nevertheless loathed any discord with their trusted vassals.
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Rashkow, Ezra D. "Wilding the domestic: Camp servants and glamping in British India." Indian Economic & Social History Review 58, no. 3 (July 2021): 361–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00194646211020309.
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How can a jungle be domestic, and a camp servant be a domestic servant? This article argues for a reconceptualisation of historical forests and jungles of India: spaces usually conceived of as wild and hostile in the popular imagination were also a domestic realm. Pushing the boundaries of traditional conceptualisations of both domestic and wild, I examine the lives of late nineteenth to early twentieth-century camp servants and colonial officers living and working in the central Indian hinterland. Building on my work on populations I have referred to as ‘subaltern shikaris’, typically ‘tribal’ employees in British big game hunting expeditions, and drawing from a vast literature left behind by European forest officers and big game hunters in central India, this article shows how servants and servitude were vital to establishing that jungle camps could indeed be quite domestic.
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Ильченко, Е., E. Il'chenko, О. Соськова, and O. Sos'kova. "Competence Approach to Competence Assessment (Certification) of the State and Municipal Employees." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 8, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5cb70d16b25859.35382059.
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In Russia, the social and economic development of society is significantly influenced by the activities of state bodies. The complexity and instability of the processes occurring in all spheres of life of the Russian society, increase the requirements for the activities of public authorities. Today, civil servants are a key tool for the effective and consistent implementation of both domestic and foreign policy of the state. The scale of the tasks facing the state authorities of the Russian Federation, actualizes the problem of managerial competence of civil servants [1]. The state programs of national projects emphasize the importance of continuing the reforms of the public administration system, taking into account the ideology of the new state management. The article demonstrates the competence approach to assessing the professional competence of public servants. In the framework of which models are presented for managing the development of professional competencies of civil servants.
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Frinaldi, Aldri, and Muhamad Ali Embi. "Pengaruh Budaya Kerja Etnik Terhadap Budaya Kerja Keadilan dan Keterbukaan Pns dalam Membangun Masyarakat Madani dan Demokrasi (Studi pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Pasaman Barat)." Humanus 10, no. 1 (July 30, 2012): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jh.v10i1.486.
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Justice and openness are among the values of working culture needed to support the development of civil society and democracy. Justice means that the works done by civil servants should be free from discrimination in any aspects, while openness means everyone who deals with the government offices should get transparent informations about things they deal with. This research aims to analyse the effects of the ethnical working culture to justice and openness in working culture of the civil servants in the Pasaman Barat Administrations. The research finds that ethnical culture tend to influence the civil servants in working justly and openly. To solve the problem, civil servants’ working culture in the government offices needs to change, which can be done by integrating the working culture set by the government with the positive ethnical culture and religious teachings in order to build democratic civil society. Kata kunci : budaya kerja etnik, Pegawai Negeri Sipil, masyarakat madani, demokrasi
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Kachan (Melnyk) Ya. V. "PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE OFFICE OF UKRAINE HUMAN RESOURCES." International Academy Journal Web of Scholar, no. 7(37) (July 31, 2019): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_wos/31072019/6607.
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The article deals with the clarification of the essence of professional development of public servants of the State Employment Service of Ukraine. The article proves that the requirements, which society nowadays places in the professional activity of public servants, envisage not only increased responsibility and effectiveness in its implementation, but also continuous improvement of the level of its professional qualification by civil servants. For public servants to qualify for their duties today it is not enough to possess only narrow-profile knowledge, they need the knowledge and understanding of the mechanisms of interaction of the state, society and individual citizens. It is established that for today professional development of public service is fundamental in the context of postgraduate education of civil servants, because any political strategies are formed and implemented through the human prism. The review of professional development is outlined as: systematically organized process of continuous professional training of the personnel for its preparation for implementation of new production functions, professional qualification promotion, formation of reserve managers and improvement of personnel structure; providing and organizing the learning process to achieve the goals set by the organization; improving skills and competences, expanding knowledge, raising competency, inclining and learning enthusiasm at all levels of the organization, contributing to continuous growth.
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Mhd Omar, Mohd Faridh Hafez, Sharifah Hayaati Syed Ismail, and Ishomuddin Sulaiman Ilyas. "LEADERSHIP CHARACTERS IN MALAYSIAN RELIGIOUS-NGOs: AN INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW." Jurnal Syariah 29, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 91–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/js.vol29no1.5.
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Leadership is a key function and process to unlock the effectiveness and enhancement of any organization’s development, including Religious-NGOs (RNGOs). This can be attained via three main characteristics, which are charismatic, transformational and servant leadership. Previous research has proved that these characteristics are relevant for NGOs, but little was found for RNGOs. RNGO is a form of NGO that is well-known for its active role in contributing to a harmonious and religious society. This paper focused on the concept of leadership in RNGOs and an introductory to the identity of Malaysian Islamic RNGOs that are diverse by ethnic identities. This study was qualitative in nature and depended heavily on existing literature and official reports. The study found that all three selected Islamic RNGOs that represent the Malay Muslims, Chinese Muslims and Indian Muslims adopt and practice charismatic, transformational and servant leadership in executing their organizations’ objectives, which could possibly be a yardstick to effective RNGO leadership development in the future.
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Сидорова, С. Е. "Muscular energy and water: Servants and cooling technologies in Colonial India." Диалог со временем, no. 76(76) (August 17, 2021): 358–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2021.76.76.014.
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Во времена Британской Индии, попадая в колонию, британцы оказывались в трудно переносимых климатических условиях. В стремлении уберечься от зловредного воздействия окружающей среды, они воспроизводили элементы привычной им обстановки, одним из атрибутов которой была прохлада. В знойные и дождливые месяцы британцы тратили немало усилий на охлаждение воздуха вокруг них, для чего использовали приспособления разной степени сложности, а также приводивших их в действие специальных слуг. Сопротивляясь естественным природным условиям, европейцы организовывали локусы своей колониальной культуры, существовавшей по принципу разбросанных по субконтиненту оазисов, где искусственно создаваемый холод обеспечивал не только комфорт для работы и жизни, но и условия для поддержания достойного имиджа властителей. In the days of British India, getting into a colony, the British found themselves in difficult climatic conditions. In an effort to protect themselves from the harmful effects of the heat, they reproduced elements of their familiar environment, one of the attributes of which was coolness. In the hot and rainy months, the British spent a lot of effort to cool the air in their homes, for which they used devices of varying degrees of complexity and special servants who powered them. Resisting natural conditions, the Europeans organized the loci of their colonial culture, which existed on the principle of oases scattered over the subcontinent, where the artificially created cold provided not only comfort for work and life, but also the conditions for maintaining a decent image of colonial rulers.
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Fuadi, Afnan. "INTERNALIZATION OF ‘KUALAT’ TEACHING AS AN ATTEMPT TO PREVENT CORRUPT BEHAVIOR AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS." Asia Pacific Fraud Journal 3, no. 1 (May 22, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21532/apfj.001.18.03.01.01.
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Corruption in Indonesia has been increasingly rampant, ranging from high-ranking state officials to lower-level civil servants. The strategic tasks mandated to civil servants have in fact provided opportunities for them to commit corruption. Based on data from Indonesian Corruption Watch (ICW), from 2013 to 2016, most corruptors work as civil servants. Based on this fact, there seems to be an alternative approach that should be more optimized, namely a cultural approach. Indonesia has many unique teachings, one of which is the Javanese philosophy of life (Javanese Wisdom). This study deals with the kualat teaching derived from the Javanese Wisdom as an attempt to prevent corruption among civil servants. This study tries to explain the noble advice in the Javanese society, particularly about kualat teaching. The researcher conducted a survey to Civil Servants to find out whether the kualat teaching still existed in the minds of civil servants. Finally, the researcher offers the idea of the need for internalization of the kualat teaching in the material content of Leadership Education and Training (Diklatpim) IV. The researcher seeks to actively participate in preventing corruption among civil servants.
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Branchik, Blaine J., and Judy Foster Davis. "From servants to spokesmen." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, no. 4 (November 19, 2018): 451–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-07-2017-0043.
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Purpose This paper aims to track how African-American or black male advertising models are viewed by male consumers within the context of dramatic ongoing cultural and legal change. It provides broader implications for other ethnic minorities. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis of black male advertising images culled from over 60 years of issues of two male-targeted magazines assesses these changes. The analysis contextualizes the imagery in African-American history and general media portrayals periodized into seven historical phases. Findings Results indicate that the number of black male advertising representations has exploded in the past 30 years from virtual invisibility to over 20 per cent of all male ad images. Roles have migrated from representations of black ad models as servants and porters to a wide range of images of black men in professional contexts. However, black males, relative to white males, are disproportionately presented in ads as athletic figures and celebrities and rarely depicted in romantic situations. Research limitations/implications This research focuses on two popular male-targeted publications, thereby limiting its scope. Relatively few black male images (relative to white male images) are to be found in print advertisements in these publications. Practical implications This research assists business practitioners as they create business and marketing strategies to meet the needs of an ever more diverse marketplace. Social implications The disproportionately large number of black male depictions as athletes and sports celebrities is indicative of remnant racism and minority stereotyping in American society. Originality/value This research builds upon work done by Kassarjian (1969, 1971) on black advertising images. Its originality stems from a specific focus on male models as viewed by male consumers, the addition of historic context and periodization to this history and the updating of past research by almost half a century.
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Sanwal, Mukul. "Training Public Servants: Recent Policies, Needs, and Experiences." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 13, no. 3 (July 1988): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919880307.
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For the last three years, the Government of India has been emphasizing upon the training of public servants as a strategy for social and economic development. The earlier training policy which focused on remedying deficiencies in skills of individual officers has yielded place to the new policy of preparing all civil servants for development. The new training policy is neither a part of a new developmental paradigm, nor is it based on an assessment of training needs. A survey of 400 supervisory Group ’A‚ officers of U P State Government and of All India Services shows that the administrators feel that training should emphasize much more the external environment they face than the principles of management. Based on this survey, and his own experience as a trainer, Mukul Sanwal argues that besides political emphasis, a new development paradigm and an assessment of current systems and practices are prerequisites for the new policy. He suggests ways to link training programmes with the service goals of development administration and for the resolution of specific problems. He considers the human resource concept involving changing the ingrained values and attitudes of public servants as central.
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Sidorova, Svetlana. "Dhobi Scabies: Domestic Servants and Hygiene in English Homes in Colonial India." Vostokovedenie i Afrikanistika, no. 4 (2020): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/rva/2020.04.02.
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In colonial India the sickness and mortality rate among the British was significantly higher than among their compatriots in the metropolis. The native servants working for the British, who were in close contact with their masters and connected between the colonial houses and the outside tropical world, were considered one of the sources of infections. They themselves were its carriers, or carried out their duties in such a way that they unwittingly provoked the spread of disease. Thus, the servants not only crossed the boundaries of the masters’ private spaces, which was dictated by their professional mission, but also unauthorizedly violated the integrity of the physical shells of English bodies, exerting a harmful effect on their internal organs and nervous systems. The fear, anxiety and physical malaise acquired by the European masters through this negative contact were an incentive for the development of protective mechanisms, some of which can be combined with the concept of hygiene...
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Andras, I. A., and A. V. Kabiak. "Development of public-private partnership in Belarus." RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 348–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-2-348-362.
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In the Republic of Belarus, the authorities chose public-private partnership as an alternative to privatization which allows to keep socially important objects in the state property. The results of the survey of entrepreneurs and civil servants show the readiness of the authorities and business for equal partnership under the proclaimed socially oriented market economy. On the example of the metropolitan region, the authors analyzed the institutional-adaptation period in the development of public-private partnership in Belarus. The sociological approach to the study of public-private partnership aims at considering the relationship power-business-society as a system of interdependent actions of civil servants, entrepreneurs and population. The analysis of behavioral strategies of participants of this interaction was conducted through their social expectations with the methods of expert surveys of entrepreneurs and civil servants and an opinion poll of the population of Minsk. The authors made the following conclusions: society is only an observer due to the poor knowledge of public-private partnership; the behavioral strategies of entrepreneurs are determined by regulatory-legal factors, of civil servants - by system-legal factors; the key barrier for the public-private partnership projects is the low assessment of ones qualifications by civil servants and entrepreneurs; entrepreneurs consider civil servants as competitors in conflict situations and define their style of behavior as pressing; the state prefers contracts as the main form of interaction with business, which emphasizes the independence of partners. Therefore, the state and entrepreneurs take risks and responsibilities in the public-private partnership projects in the agreed shares, and the authorities fully control such projects.
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Наталья Геннадьевна, Хорошкевич. "POLITICAL LANGUAGE OF STATE CIVIL AND MUNICIPAL SERVANTS IN MODERN SOCIETY." STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR NOTES 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2079-1690-2020-1-2-231-235.
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Spierling, Karen. "Putting “God's Honor First”: Truth, Lies, and Servants in Reformation Geneva." Church History and Religious Culture 92, no. 1 (2012): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124112x621112.
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AbstractThis article begins to examine the role of servants in the implementation of the Genevan Reformation in the 1530s–1560s by looking at the Genevan Consistory records and city legislation as recorded in the Sources du Droit, as well as considering John Calvin's stance on the absolute importance of truth in a godly society. It contrasts official efforts to inculcate the principle of truth-telling among servants with employers' expectations that servants would lie in order to protect family honor and reputation. It argues that, as a result of these potentially conflicting obligations to employers and to the principles of Geneva's reforming church and city authorities, servants were at one and the same time vital to the enforcement of the Reformed system of discipline and the consistory's pursuit of truth and frequent obstacles to that enforcement.
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Antonov, V. F. "Forming a leading stratum of society in the democratic state." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 3, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18179.
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This article is dedicated to theoretical problems of forming a leading stratum of society in the democratic government. Inter- national experience shows that domestic policy of the democratic government is aimed at supporting stratification and differentiation of society, based on the need to provide public administration mechanisms. This is connected with providing power to public servants, judges, officers and others.
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Frinaldi, Aldri. "BUDAYA KERJA GALIE: (Studi Kasus Budaya Kerja Kalangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Etnik Minangkabau di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat)." Humanus 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jh.v11i2.2158.
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The work culture of civil servants in this decentralization era tends to come fromthe working culture of each ethnic. The difference of culture applied causes thedifference of civil servants’ way, behavior, and action when performing their work. Thisresearch article aims to discuss one of the working cultures of the civil servants fromMinangkabau ethnic group named galie. This research was conducted by usingdescriptive-qualitative approach, and the data was collected trough observation,interview, and documentation study. Data is validated by triangulation and sourcetriangulation methods.Tthe data analysis is based on Miles and Huberman (2000). Theresult of the research shows that the galie work culture has usually been inherited in thefamily and society for a period time; hence the galie work culture is also implementedwhile working in the local government organization of Pasaman Barat regency. Theresearch concluded that the galie work culture does not cause work culture that canharm others, but whenever the work culture exists, the civil servants would be annoyed.Civil servants who have this work culture tend to avoid risks and prefer simpler workthan their colleagues.Key words: work ethnict culture, galie, civil servant, Minangkabau ethict
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Finch, Chris. "Biochemical Society finances: Where the money comes from and where it goes." Biochemist 26, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio02606012.
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The first accounts of the Biochemical Society (or Biochemical Club as it was then known) in 1911 show income of £69.13s.7d, mainly from members' subscriptions. Expenditure included an amount of £8.1s.0d on tea and servants at meetings (History of the Biochemical Society 1911–1986 by T.W. Goodwin (1987); Biochemical Society; page 17). Today's accounts look somewhat different.
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Mentz, Søren. "Merchants and States: Private Trade and the Fall of Madras, 1746." Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies 2, no. 1 (July 22, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jiows.v2i1.37.
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Michael Pearson has argued that “rights for revenue” was an important element in the European way of organizing long-distance trade in the early modern period. The state provided indigenous merchant groups with commercial privileges and allowed them to influence political affairs. In return, the state received a part of the economic surplus. The East India Company and the British state shared such a relationship. However, as this article demonstrates, the East India Company was not an impersonal entity. It consisted of many layers of private entrepreneurs, who pursued their own private interests sheltered by the Company’s privileged position. One such group was the Company servants in Asia. The French conquest of Madras in 1746 and the following period of British sub-imperialism in India demonstrate that the state had traded off too many rights. Through the business papers of Willian Monson, a senior Company servant in Madras, the historian can describe the fall of Madras as a consequence of deteriorating relationships between private interests within the Company structure. Directors, shareholders, Company servants and private merchants in India fell out with each other. In this situation, the British state found it difficult to intervene.
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Rietbergen, P. J. A. N. "Witsen's World: Nicolaas Witsen (1641–1717) between the Dutch East India Company and the Republic of Letters." Itinerario 9, no. 2 (July 1985): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300016144.
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In a collection of essays concerning the inevitably diverse vicissitudes of the representatives of that phenomenon collectively known as ‘the Company's servants,’ the inclusion of Nicolaas Witsen may come as a surprise. In our democratic age, he undoubtedly would have termed himself a ‘servant’ of the Dutch East India Company; in his own, more hierarchical times, he will have considered himself one of the Company's masters, as indeed he was. Whatever the powers of the Heren XVII may actually have been, Witsen for many years was one of the directors of the Amsterdam Chamber, the Company's most powerful division, and one of Amsterdam representatives to the bi-annual assembly which actually directed the Company's affairs at home, and tried to do so abroad, in its far-flung commercial empire, where other servants often held far greater, and less controlable power.
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Sergeeva, T. A., and I. A. Savchenko. "THE PROBLEM OF THE IMAGE OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN RUSSIA." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 5 (July 16, 2020): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-5-32-40.
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The formation of a favorable image is an integral part of the professional growth of public servants. Modern society imposes special demands on the image of public service employees. In this regard, their image should consist of a set of certain characteristics that emphasize the effectiveness and professionalism of their activities. To effectively create the image of public servants, it is necessary to pay attention to their personal characteristics, as well as to properly organize a PR company. A positive image is one of the main tools for the formation of communication between the state and society with the placement of significant priorities. The formation and development of a positive image is a multi-level, complex and responsible process, which requires hard work so that a public servant can inspire confidence and meet the expectations of citizens. Despite the fact that today the image is one of the most important tools of influence and management, its essence should be exclusively in the pursuit of good goals. It should be aimed at identifying and subsequently solving the main problems of citizens, as well as an active dialogue with society.
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Menard, Russell R. "Making a “Popular Slave Society” in Colonial British America." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 43, no. 3 (December 2012): 377–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_00423.
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Evidence from probate inventories in St. Mary's County, Maryland, suggests that the transition from servants to slaves in colonial British America was not the sole mechanism by which the Chesapeake transformed into a fully developed slave society. Rather, this transition was only the first step in a century-long process by which slavery gradually took root, until, by the eve of the Revolution, the Chesapeake finally bore the imprint of slavery in every avenue of its activity.
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Krishna, Swathi. "Crossing the Thresholds: The Portrait of Rukmini as a New Woman in Mitra Phukan’s the Collector’s Wife." Journal of English Language and Literature 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 794–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v9i2.363.
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According to the belief system of conventional Indian patriarchal culture, the roles of women are firmly entrenched with the notions of chastity and motherhood. A woman is never considered as a life partner, who shares her life with her male counterpart. Rather, she is looked down as an unpaid servant, or a mere sex object who has to weigh down and take responsibilities for an entire family. She is always commodified as an asset which is transferred from the hands of her father to her husband. She is indebted to look after the children and a full grown male who couldn’t look after himself. Several Indian women authors have incarcerated this double standard of the misogynist, patriarchal Indian society in their works. The predicament of their fellow females who are suffering under this gender biased system has prompted the women authors like Kamala Das, Arundhati Roy, Shashi Deshpande and Kamala Markandeya etc to fight against mainstream patriarchal Indian society. North East Indian women authors have also tried to highlight the predicaments of women through their literary works. Mitra Phukan, an Assamese writer, in her work The Collector’s Life has reflected the attempts made by the lead protagonist Rukmini to attain individuality and freedom from her security bound, disciplined, lonely life. At the fag end of the novel she transforms herself from a dutiful wife to a new woman who bravely stands against the traditional notions of chastity and purity. My paper seeks to analyze the journey of Rukmini from the self proclaimed loneliness to the actualization of her own identity and individuality as a woman.
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Reddy, B. Ratan. "Code of Conduct and Ethics for Civil Servants in India and United Kingdom." Indian Journal of Public Administration 45, no. 1 (January 1999): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119990103.
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Haque, M. Shamsul. "E-Governance in India: Its Impacts on Relations Amongcitizens, Politicians and Public Servants." International Review of Administrative Sciences 68, no. 2 (June 2002): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852302682005.
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Heitzman, James, and Kathleen Gough. "Rural Society in Southeast India." American Historical Review 92, no. 3 (June 1987): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1870036.
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Somasundaram, Daya. "Suicide and Society in India." Asian Studies Review 36, no. 3 (August 23, 2012): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2012.712646.
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