Academic literature on the topic 'Service Rupture'
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Journal articles on the topic "Service Rupture"
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Fabien, Claude. "La rupture du contrat par volonté unilatérale en droit québécois." Journées Henri Capitant : le contrat 36, no. 1 (October 24, 2014): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027103ar.
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La rupture par volonté unilatérale occupe une place non négligeable dans l’économie du contrat. L’auteur en étudie les deux principales manifestations, d’abord comme méthode de désengagement des parties dans les contrats véhicules de services (contrats de travail, de service et de mandat) et ensuite comme méthode de protection d’une partie en position de faiblesse dans certains contrats, notamment en matière de consommation. Si les règles de rupture-protection paraissent claires et d’une sagesse relativement incontestable, il en va autrement des règles de rupture-désengagement dans les contrats véhicules de services. L’étude signale deux difficultés qui ne sont pas encore entièrement résolues : d’une part, l’harmonisation des règles de résiliation des contrats de travail, de service et de mandat et, d’autre part, l’équilibre à réaliser entre les intérêts légitimes des parties dans la résiliation du contrat de service et celle du contrat de mandat.
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Baik, Seo, Jason Lau, Vojtech Huser, and Clement J. McDonald. "Association between tendon ruptures and use of fluoroquinolone, and other oral antibiotics: a 10-year retrospective study of 1 million US senior Medicare beneficiaries." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (December 2020): e034844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034844.
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ObjectivesTo assess the association of fluoroquinolone use with tendon ruptures compared with no fluoroquinolone and that of the four most commonly prescribed non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the USA.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingUS seniors enrolled in the federal old-age, survivor’s insurance programme.Participants1 009 925 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries and their inpatient, outpatient, prescription drug records were used.InterventionsSeven oral antibiotics, fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin) and amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, azithromycin and cephalexin.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll tendon ruptures combined, and three types of tendon ruptures by anatomic site, Achilles tendon rupture, rupture of rotator cuff and other tendon ruptures occurred in 2007–2016.ResultsOf three fluoroquinolones, only levofloxacin exhibited a significant increased risk of tendon ruptures—16% (HR=1.16; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.28), and 120% (HR=2.20; 95% CI 1.50 to 3.24) for rotator cuff and Achilles tendon rupture, respectively, in the ≤30 days window. Ciprofloxacin (HR=0.96; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.03) and moxifloxacin (HR=0.59; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.93) exhibited no increased risk of tendon ruptures combined.Among the non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics, cephalexin exhibited increased risk of combined tendon ruptures (HR=1.31; 95% CI 1.22 to 1.41) and modest to large risks across all anatomic rupture sites (HRs 1.19–1.93) at ≤30 days window. Notably, the risk of levofloxacin never exceeded the risk of the non-fluoroquinolone, cephalexin in any comparison.ConclusionsIn our study, fluoroquinolones as a class were not associated with the increased risk of tendon ruptures. Neither ciprofloxacin nor moxifloxacin exhibited any risk for tendon ruptures. Levofloxacin did exhibit significant increased risk. Cephalexin with no reported effect on metalloprotease activity had an equal or greater risk than levofloxacin; so we question whether metalloprotease activity has any relevance to observed associations with tendon rupture. Confounding by indication bias may be more relevant and should be given more consideration as explanation for significant associations in observational studies of tendon rupture.
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Cheruvu, N. S., and L. R. Malmfeldt. "Metallurgical Characterization of a High-Pressure Rotor for Remaining Service Life Assessment After 26 Years of Service." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906202.
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In-service material degradation of a high-pressure rotor steel has been investigated for remaining service life assessment. The samples for this study were taken from the cold and hot locations of a rotor that had operated for approximately 167,500 hours. The test results have indicated that the rotor steel is slightly softened and temper embrittled as a result of service exposure. Based on isostress creep rupture data of the rotor steel in the service-exposure. Based on isostress creep rupture data of the rotor steel in the service-exposed condition, it is concluded that crack initiation due to creep is not a concern in the near future. Considering the uncertainties associated with the extrapolation of short-time rupture data on remaining service life assessment, the rotor material should be re-evaluated for degradation of properties after the next 10 years of operation.
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Collins-Webb, Alexandra G., Ashley L. Hanna, Lea R. Mehrkens, and Daniel J. VanderHart. "Subcutaneous herniation of fetuses after blunt force trauma in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 6, no. 2 (July 2020): 205511692094657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116920946575.
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Case summary A stray female domestic shorthair cat was presented to the emergency service after being hit by a car. The patient was recumbent and vocalizing, with a small wound over the right lateral thorax, and two palpably firm swellings in the right cervical and thoracic soft tissues. The patient was sedated and humanely euthanized to prevent further pain and suffering. Post-mortem whole-body radiographs and subsequent necropsy revealed abdominal wall rupture with herniation of two near-term fetuses within the subcutaneous tissues along the right ventrolateral thoracic wall and neck. Within the abdomen, the right uterine horn was ruptured and a third extra-luminal fetus was identified. The left uterine horn remained intact, containing a fourth fetus. Relevance and novel information Rupture of the abdominal wall or diaphragm are well-known potential complications of blunt force trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents. While traumatic uterine rupture and diaphragmatic herniation of the gravid uterus have both been reported in the veterinary literature, abdominal wall rupture with subcutaneous fetal herniation is highly uncommon.
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Hodgens, Blake H., Joseph S. Geller, Michael G. Rizzo, Julianne Munoz, Jonathan Kaplan, and Amiethab Aiyer. "Performance Outcomes After Surgical Repair of Achilles Tendon Rupture in the Women’s National Basketball Association." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 232596712110304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211030473.
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Background: Achilles tendon ruptures are devastating in elite athletes. There are currently no studies examining the effects of Achilles tendon rupture on performance outcomes in the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA). Hypothesis: Athletes in the WNBA who sustained an Achilles tendon rupture and underwent subsequent surgical repair will sustain declines in performance metrics when compared with their preinjury statistics and matched controls. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Seventeen WNBA players who sustained an Achilles tendon rupture from 2000 to 2019 were identified through publicly available injury reports and player profiles. Athlete information collected included age, body mass index, position, and service in the WNBA when the tear occurred. Statistics were collected for 1 season before and 2 seasons after the injury, and the player efficiency rating (PER) was calculated. Players were matched to uninjured controls by service in the WNBA, position, and performance statistics. Results: On average, players were 28 years of age at the time of Achilles tendon rupture, with a service time in the WNBA of 6.5 years. Four players never returned to play in the WNBA, while 7 players failed to play more than 1 season. Players who did return played significantly fewer minutes per game compared with preinjury in both postinjury seasons 1 and 2 (mean difference, –6.11 and –6.54 min/game, respectively; P < .01 for both) and had a significantly decreased PER in postinjury season 2 (mean difference, –2.53; P = .024). After returning to play, the injured players experienced significant decreases when compared with controls in field goals (–0.85 vs +0.20; P = .047), free throws (–1.04 vs +0.12; P < .01), steals (–0.48 vs +0.24; P = .018), and points scored (–2.89 vs +0.58; P = .014). Conclusion: WNBA players experienced significant decreases in performance metrics after Achilles tendon rupture compared with their preinjury levels and compared with uninjured controls. Overall, 23.5% of players failed to return to the WNBA, while 41.2% failed to play for more than 1 season.
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Ordrenneau, Albert. "La médiation au service des élèves en rupture scolaire." Recherches & éducations, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rechercheseducations.194.
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Zran, Jamel, and Moez Ben Messaoud. "Broadcasting Public Service in the Arab World: Rupture and Continuity." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 5, no. 3 (July 27, 2018): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v5i3.20599.
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A large proportion of the media around the world, especially those related to radio and television, belong to the state. In principle at least, there are three different terms to talk about these types of media: (1). The public media that draws on the treasury to present programming that is in the interest of the general population. They do not support any political party, not even the party in power. (2). National media owned by the state and using the treasury money, are also controlled directly by the state. (3). Government media that is owned by the ruling party and uses the treasury money, are also controlled by the ruling party. These three models coexist already in the Arab world since independence. This phenomenon almost removed the clear distinction that existed in principle between the government media and the public media. After the Arab Spring in 2011, however, this distinction remains important. The public broadcaster model was based on a principle that is still justified for most of the world and that the private media alone can not guarantee the pluralism of broadcasting. The problem, however, is that the government media have also largely failed. In several countries, the arrival of private media has pushed governments to exercise editorial control of the public media. The discussion of media regulation is aimed primarily at ensuring that the media financed by the Public treasury exercise their profession with the full independence of the government of the day to which they are entitled, rather than aiming to restrict the freedom of the media that already enjoy full editorial independence. In the Arab world, there have been some attempts to recover and modernize the ideal model of public media, as for example the case of Tunisia, Morocco and Jordan. This study aim to search if the Arab broadcasting meet the recognized standards and the requirements of the concept of public service?Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 98-112
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Zhu, Xin Wei, Hong Hui Cheng, Mei Hua Shen, and Jin Ping Pan. "Remnant Life Prediction of Service-Exposed 12Cr1MoV Superheater Tube in Power Plant." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.382.
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Tensile test at ambient temperature, tensile test at high temperature and high temperature tensile creep test were carried out before remnant life prediction. According to the high temperature tensile creep test data, the relationship between working stress, working temperature and rupture life was obtained by MATLAB surface fitting tool. In order to obtain the temperature field and stress field of the superheater tube, ANSYS software was used. Then, the remnant life of the superheater tube was predicted by the extrapolating method and the relationship between working stress, working temperature and rupture life.
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Viswanathan, R., D. Gandy, and S. Findlan. "Weld Repair of 2-1/4Cr-1Mo Service-Aged Header Welds." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 121, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2883713.
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The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of different weld repair techniques as applied to service-aged 2-1/4Cr-1Mo steel weldments. A header which had been in service for 244,000 h at 1050°F (565°C) was utilized for the study. Three girth welds were partially excavated and subjected to repairs using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) with postweld heat treatment (PWHT), and without postweld heat treatment using a temperbead technique. Results show that all the weld repairs improved the creep rupture lives of the ex-service weldments and that remaining lives of several decades could be achieved in the repaired condition. The SMAW-temperbead repairs resulted in increase of rupture life, tensile strength, and impact toughness compared to the SMAW-PWHT repairs. The GTAW-PWHT repairs also produced a superior combination of mechanical properties. Remaining creep rupture lives were a function of the extrapolation procedure and specimen size. These results are described here and discussed in comparison with results previously reported for a less severely degraded condition of the steel in order to delineate the effect of prior degradation on weld repair performance.
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Han, Zhi Yuan, Guo Hao Sun, Guo Shan Xie, Luo Wei Cao, and Zhen Jie Li. "Microstructural Characterization and Property Evaluation of Service Exposed Reformer Tubes." Key Engineering Materials 795 (March 2019): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.795.239.
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This study investigated the microstructural characteristics and property degradation of service-exposed reformer tubes. The reformer tubes were graded into three damage levels based on on-site ultrasonic testing. The microstructural and mechanical experiments were carried out included optical observations, scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, room temperature tensile tests, high temperature tensile tests, and stress rupture tests. The results showed that the coarsen of carbides occurred during service. A decrease of tensile elongation was observed. The mechanical properties and rupture behaviours of reformer tubes for different inspection levels were also obtained. The results showed that the ultrasonic inspection levels of tubes could be significantly influenced by carbide morphology of tube materials. A residual life of 8.3 years was estimated for these tubes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Service Rupture"
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LIENS, DAVID. "Rupture d'une prothese de hanche en service : aspect medico-legal." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M107.
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Recho, Naman. "Amorçage et propagation d'une fissure de fatigue des éléments de structures métalliques soudés." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066198.
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Genest, Dufault Sacha. "Les hommes / Nus d'Amour : l'expérience masculine de la rupture amoureuse : perspectives sur le deuil, le genre et le sens dans l'hypermodernité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30468/30468.pdf.
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Cette thèse a pour sujet la rupture amoureuse chez de jeunes hommes et s’inscrit dans les études sur les hommes et les masculinités. L’intérêt initial découle d’une expérience d’animation d’un groupe d’hommes en rupture dans un centre pour hommes de Québec, AutonHommie. Ainsi, la rupture peut être problématique, elle serait l’un des principaux déclencheurs d’une tentative de suicide (Houle, 2005), d’homicide (Comité d'experts sur les homicides intrafamiliaux, 2012), et serait impliquée dans bon nombre de dépressions (Rotermann, 2007). L’expérience masculine de rupture serait complexe en raison de difficultés à vivre le deuil, les pertes, et à accepter l’impuissance (Baum, 2003). Cette impuissance pourrait résulter en honte, elle-même liée au constat que les hommes sont réticents à demander de l’aide (Dulac, 2001). L’objectif principal est de comprendre comment des hommes vivent la rupture amoureuse et s’adaptent. Quatre thèmes sont déployés dans la problématique : les masculinités, l’amour, la rupture et le deuil. Le tout a été mis en contexte sur fond d’hypermodernité (Charles, 2007). L’approche théorique se compose de paradigmes compréhensifs des masculinités et d’un modèle du deuil sensible au genre (Martin et Doka, 2000). La méthodologie est qualitative, s’appuie sur des entrevues réalisées auprès de 24 hommes de 18-31 ans et implique une procédure d’analyse de contenu thématique (Paillé et Mucchielli, 2012). Les résultats démontrent que la rupture serait une expérience de vulnérabilité, ces hommes s’y sentiraient dénudés. Ceux qui vivraient mieux la rupture auraient plus de ressources adaptatives et présenteraient un équilibre entre se laisser vivre la peine, la colère et la vulnérabilité, tout en étant dans l’action. Ensuite, ils ressentiraient moins la nécessité de se conformer aux contraintes de rôle de genre, ils vivraient moins la rupture comme un affront à l’ego et ressentiraient moins de honte, de difficultés à demander de l’aide et d’impuissance. Enfin, ils auraient des périodes de tourments mais se mettraient ensuite en posture d’apprentissage, essayant de saisir les aspects constructifs de la rupture. Ces résultats conduisent à proposer différentes suggestions pour les hommes en rupture, leurs proches et les professionnels de la relation d’aide, voire de formuler quelques souhaits pour une société meilleure.
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Desvignes, Marc. "Influence du grenaillage de precontrainte sur la tenue en service de l'acier 35cd4." Paris, ENSAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENAM0011.
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La rupture des structures sollicitees mecaniquement s'initient souvent en surface dans les zones en traction. Afin d'augmenter la resistance et la fiabilite des pieces, il est necessaire de durcir la surface et de la mettre en compression par un traitement de grenaillage de precontrainte. Influence des contraintes residuelles de compression sur le comportement en fatigue. Analyse de l'evolution de ces contraintes. Determination de la limite d'elasticite de la couche grenaillee. Prevision des courbes de woehler des pieces grenaillees
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Guidara, Mohamed. "Tenue en service des joints soudés : influence des paramètres géométriques." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-142.pdf.
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Le soudage à fortement évolué ces dernières années, aussi bien pour le développement de nouveaux procédés que dans la maîtrise des propriétés; mais reste cependant le point faible et difficile à évaluer en ce qui concerne son comportement en fatigue. Dans ce travail, on a mis en évidence le rôle de certains facteurs d'influence sur le comportement en fatigue des assemblages soudés. La géométrie du cordon de soudure est l'un de ces facteurs qui font l'objet de notre étude. Un premier volet consiste à illustrer les différents paramètres géométriques qui influent sur la résistance à la fatigue d'un joint soudé puis nous avons mis l'accent sur l'étude du facteur de concentration de contraintes qui est un critère important dans la définition des points chauds qui correspondent aux zones d'amorçage. Ce présent travail nous a permis aussi de définir l'influence de quelques paramètres sur la distribution du champ de contraintes et sur les zones principales de concentration de ces contraintes. Une étude numérique sur la déchirure ductile a permis de préciser ces différents points. Le deuxième volet, expérimental, est consacré à l'étude du process en mettant l'accent sur l'influence des principaux paramètres du soudage MAG tout en se servant de la morphologie du cordon étudié et en validant notre approche numérique. Il s'agit d'une approche expérimentale, sur l'influence des paramètres de soudage et sur la géométrie du cordon afin d'optimiser ces paramètres opératoires.
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Ratier, Alexis. "Détermination de l'historique de chargement d'une pièce rompue ou fissurée en service." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4008.
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Le but de la thèse est de déterminer l’historique de chargement d’une pièce rompue ou fissurée en service, par analyse des surfaces de fissuration. Pour les analyses de défaillances, les enjeux sont de définir le rôle du chargement dans la défaillance et de déterminer la fraction de durée de vie atteinte lors de la détection de la fissure. Un enjeu complémentaire est d’enrichir la base de données de chargements en service. L’organe choisi pour cette étude est l’essieu-axe ferroviaire. Ainsi, la sollicitation étudiée est en flexion rotative et les matériaux considérés sont les aciers A4T (25CrMo4) et A1N (C40). Suite à une revue bibliographique, quatre méthodes d’analyse quantitative des surfaces de fissuration ont été ciblées et testées, deux ont été retenues et développées. La première est basée sur la quantification des faciès de rupture (stries de fatigue, cupules, fissures secondaires…). La seconde s’appuie sur l’analyse des contraintes résiduelles (fractographie X) en profondeur pour déterminer l’épaisseur de matériau plastifié sous la surface de rupture. Cette profondeur correspond au sillage plastique induit par la propagation de la fissure et est fonction du chargement recherchéThe aim of the thesis is to determine the loading history of a broken or cracked piece in service, by analysing the cracking surfaces. For failure analyses, the issues are to define the role of the loading in the failure and to determine the fraction of lifespan reached when the crack is detected. An additional issue is to expand the in-service loadings database. The component chosen for this study is the railway axle. Thus, the studied stress is in alternate bending and the considered materials are the steels A4T (25CrMo4) and A1N (C40). Following a bibliographic review, four methods for quantitative analysis of cracking surfaces were targeted and tested, two of which were selected and developed. The first one is based on the quantification of fractographic features (fatigue striations, dimples, secondary cracks...). The second is based on the in-depth analysis of the residual stresses (X-ray fractography) to determine the thickness of plasticized material below the fracture surface. This depth corresponds to the plastic wake induced by the crack propagation and is a function of the sought loading
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Assis, Junior Samuel Franco. "Atributos do serviço logístico ao cliente na percepção de varejistas de bebidas na microrregião de Ituiutaba." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2017. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/19672.
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O objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar a percepção dos varejistas supermercadistas em relação ao nível de serviço logístico ofertado pelos fornecedores de bebidas. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo na forma de survey em vinte e um supermercados dos municípios de Ituiutaba, Santa Vitória e Capinópolis, pertencentes à microrregião de Ituiutaba - MG. Como procedimento técnico, foi aplicado um questionário estruturado baseado em Stock e Lambert (2001) e Rafele (2004). Foram analisados os componentes tangíveis, as formas de atendimento e ações de informação. Para captar as percepções sobre as variáveis, foram propostos questionamentos seguindo uma escala Likert de 1 a 10. A pesquisa revelou a necessidade de revisão das políticas de prestação de serviços, pois a maioria dos atributos pesquisados receberam notas médias abaixo do desempenho esperado. A partir do teste não paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis para comparação de distribuições, concluiu-se que nenhum fornecedor obteve destaque efetivo na avaliação dos clientes varejistas supermercadistas. Apesar disso, verificou-se que a dimensão componentes tangíveis recebeu avaliação significativamente superior que as demais para todos os fornecedores. Concluiu-se também que os fornecedores estão comprometidos com a capacitação dos seus consultores de vendas, mas para atingir a excelência, será necessário que os fornecedores concedam maior autonomia para seus consultores resolverem problemas relacionados aos níveis de serviço e embalagens similares. Dentre as contribuições do estudo, foram identificados 22 atributos que causam rupturas. Como limitação do estudo, destaca-se a característica de transitoriedade e subjetividade ligada a percepção de satisfação com um serviço prestado.The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the perception of supermarket retailers in relation to the level of logistics service offered by beverage suppliers. A quantitative study was carried out as a survey in twenty - one supermarkets in the municipalities of Ituiutaba, Santa Vitória and Capinópolis, belonging to the microregion of Ituiutaba - MG. As a technical procedure, a structured questionnaire based on Stock and Lambert (2001) and Rafele (2004) was applied. Tangible components, forms of service and information actions were analyzed. In order to capture the perceptions about the variables, questions were proposed following a Likert scale of 1 to 10. The research revealed the need to review the service delivery policies, since most of the attributes surveyed received average scores below the expected performance. From the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test for the comparison of distributions, it was concluded that no vendor was effective in the evaluation of retail supermarket customers. Nevertheless, it was found that the tangible components dimension received a significantly higher evaluation than the others for all suppliers. It was also concluded that suppliers are committed to the training of their sales consultants, but to achieve excellence, suppliers will need to give their consultants greater autonomy to solve problems related to service levels and similar packaging. Among the contributions of the study, 22 attributes were identified that cause ruptures. As a limitation of the study, we highlight the characteristic of transience and subjectivity linked to the perception of satisfaction with a service rendered.
Dissertação (Mestrado)
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Pereira, Bruna Fernanda Bólico. "Conservadorismo e serviço social : da relação embrionária a intenção de ruptura." Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2015. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/759.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a presença do conservadorismo no Serviço Social brasileiro. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Busca-se compreender a ideologia conservadora clássica, e o seu significado com o advento da modernidade, bem como a oposição ao conservadorismo e a resistência que se estabeleceu com a dialética marxista. Percorremos o momento histórico em que emerge a profissão de Serviço Social até o processo de busca de ruptura com o tradicionalismo. Posteriormente buscamos identificar os principais caminhos que reatualizam o conservadorismo e o neoconservadorismo no Serviço Social. Procurou-se, ter clareza dos desafios que se apresentam a profissão, a fim de lançar-se ao seu enfrentamento.
This work aims to analyze the presence of conservatism in the Brazilian Social Service. For this a literature search was performed. We seek to understand the classic conservative ideology, and its meaning with the advent of modernity, as well as opposition to conservatism and resistance that was established with the Marxist dialectic. We go through the historical moment that emerges of social workers to the search process to break with traditionalism. And then we enter in the contemporary world in order to identify the main ways that reactualized conservatism and neoconservatism in Social Work. He tried to even have clarity of the challenges facing the profession in order to throw himself to his face.
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Regrettier, Jean-François. "Génie civil en environnement polaire : étude d'une digue en enrochements : critères de sélection des aciers." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066665.
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Pour construire la piste d'aviation de terre Adélie, une digue en enrochements sur laquelle va reposer la chaussée est en cours de construction. L'étude des infrastructures (hangars-tour de contrôle) nécessite de choisir des aciers n'ayant pas un comportement fragile aux basses températures. Dans la premiere partie de ce travail sont etudiées les actions de l'environnement solaire sur la digue: basses températures (congélation de l'eau dans et entre les blocs). Houle, glace de mer (banquise) et de terre (icebergs). Dans la seconde partie, une méthode de calcul de la température minimale de service des aciers, prenant en compte les caractéristiques thermophysiques des matériaux et les conditions météorologiques du site est proposée. Une approche probabiliste de la méthode de l'institut de recherche de la sidérurgie (IRSID) de choix des aciers à partir de leur propriétés charpy v en vue d'éviter la rupture fragile est ensuite proposée
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Lima, Poliane Goulart de [UNESP]. "Famílias e adoção: trajetórias, rupturas e permanências." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98604.
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Este trabalho busca compreender os aspectos históricos, sociais, culturais e ideológicos presentes na decisão pela adoção. Visa, ainda, contribuir com a atuação profissional do assistente social no campo sócio-jurídico, bem como para a ampliação de adoções necessárias (crianças maiores, em grupos de irmãos e com problemas de saúde). A partir da pesquisa documental com ações judiciais de adoção em uma comarca do interior do Estado de Minas Gerais, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com seis sujeitos, ou seja, com três casais adotantes. As entrevistas foram analisadas por meio da análise de conteúdo, buscando apreender das falas dos sujeitos como suas trajetórias relativas à adoção apresentam permanências e rupturas em relação às práticas histórica e culturalmente presentes na sociedade quanto ao acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes. Mostra ainda, como as circunstâncias cotidianas muitas vezes conduzem acolhimentos a princípio provisórios à adoção e como coexistem as adoções mediadas pelo Poder Judiciário e aquelas efetivadas às margens do mesmo, buscado, posteriormente, para regulamentá-las. O estudo evidenciou que ainda que a convivência familiar e comunitária se configure como um direito das crianças e adolescentes, sua concretização ainda é um desafio, apesar do significativo número de pessoas e casais habilitados à adoção. Assim, faz-se necessário que os profissionais envolvidos com a efetivação das adoções busquem estratégias que possibilitem que a adoção efetivamente atenda aos interesses das crianças e adolescentes, sensibilizando os adultos (adotantes) para as adoções necessárias, entrelaçando, assim, famílias e adoção de modo mais condizente com a realidade do país
This paper seeks to understand the historical, social, cultural and ideological present in the adoption decision. It also aims to contribute to the professional practice of social workers in the socio-legal as well as the expansion of adoptions needed (older children, in groups of brothers and health problems). From the desk research with lawsuits for adoption in a county in the state of Minas Gerais, were conducted semistructured interviews with six subjects, ie, with three couples adopting. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis, seeking to understand the speech of subjects as their trajectories related to the adoption have continuities and ruptures in relation to historical and cultural practices in society as to the care of children and adolescents. It also shows, as the daily circumstances often lead acolhimentos initially provisional adoption and how adoption coexist mediated by the Judiciary and those on the margins of the same effect, sought later to regulate them. The study showed that although family and community is set up as a right of children and adolescents, their implementation remains a challenge, despite the significant number of qualified individuals and couples for adoption. Thus, it is necessary that the professionals involved with the adoption of effective strategies that seek to enable the adoption effectively meets the interests of children and adolescents, sensitizing adults (adopters) to the adoption necessary, weaving, so families and adoption of more consistent with the reality of the country
Books on the topic "Service Rupture"
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Bákula, Juan Miguel. Las relaciones internacionales entre Perú y Colombia: Memorias de ruptura, imágenes de amistad. Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia: Editorial Temis, 1997.
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Construction sociale d'une jeunesse en difficulté: Innovations et ruptures. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2008.
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Tourrilhes, Catherine. Construction sociale d'une jeunesse en difficulté: Innovations et ruptures. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2008.
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Yasui, Silvio. Rupturas e encontros: Desafios da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Editora Fiocruz, 2010.
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La profesionalización en trabajo social: Rupturas y continuidades, de la reconceptualización a la construcción de proyectos ético-políticos. Buenos Aires: Espacio, 2007.
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Delgado, Javier. Ciudad-región y transporte en el México Central: Un largo camino de rupturas y continuidades. Mexico, D.F: Plaza y Valdés, 1998.
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Silva, Maria Ozanira da Silva e., ed. O serviço social e o popular: Resgate teórico-metodológico do projeto profissional de ruptura. São Paulo, SP: Cortez Editora, 1995.
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Frank G, Madsen. Part V Procedural and Technological Challenges for the Investigation of TOC—Policing, Technological Aspects, Efficiency, Exchange of Information, Abuse of Power, and Tactics for Conducting Investigations, 23 Policing Transnational Organised Crime—The International Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198733737.003.0023.
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This chapter examines international cooperation in the fight against transnational organised crime (TOC). As main thesis it claims that within the area of law enforcement in general and international law enforcement in particular, an epistemological rupture has changed the way we think about law enforcement. First, the chapter looks at the institutions involved in the fight: it asks ‘who’? The second part asks ‘what’ do law enforcement agencies do to counter the activities of TOC? The third part picks up the claim of an epistemological rupture, identifies this in the ever-increasing use of bulk or random data, and presents some arguments for using such methods and some—based on privacy rights—for not using them. This part deplores the militarization of law enforcement and the blurring of the boundary between law enforcement and the security services, which, it postulates, leads to law enforcement being alienated from the populations it serves.
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Mollan, Susan, and Alastair Denniston. The red eye. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0050.
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‘Red eye’ is a term used to describe the colour of the conjunctiva when there is either dilation of the blood vessels (hyperaemia) or a ruptured blood vessel (subconjunctival haemorrhage). It can be characterized by its distribution as diffuse, focal, or circumcorneal. There are many causes of ‘red eye’, and it is seen and managed in all healthcare settings, including optometry services. This chapter presents an approach to the patient with a ‘red eye’, identifying those conditions that can usually be successfully managed in the primary care environment, and others that need immediate or elective management in more specialized services.
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Ciorciari, John D. Sovereignty Sharing in Fragile States. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503613669.001.0001.
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This book examines “sovereignty-sharing” in fragile states, focusing on ventures in which domestic and international actors share authority to provide basic public services and build the rule of law. It examines how and why these ventures are created, designed, and implemented and what determines their perceived legitimacy and effectiveness. The book shows that sovereignty sharing can help address governance gaps under certain conditions, but that apportioning core sovereign functions remains difficult, as national and international partners bring different capacities, norms, and policy priorities. It demonstrates that the political foundations of sovereignty-sharing arrangements are crucial for effective performance, which in turn drives popular support. The book considers case studies of hybrid tribunals in Sierra Leone, Cambodia, and Lebanon; joint policing in Timor-Leste; and anti-corruption initiatives in Guatemala and Liberia. It offers the first comparative assessment of these remarkable efforts to repair ruptures in the rule of law.
Book chapters on the topic "Service Rupture"
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Kitis, Eliza, and E. Dimitris Kitis. "Meaning Ruptures and Meaningful Eruptions in the Service of Rhetoric: Populist Flare-Up Hits the Greek Political Pitch." In The Exercise of Power in Communication, 43–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137478382_3.
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Ozuem, Wilson, and Geoff Lancaster. "Recovery Strategies in On-Line Service Failure." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, 143–59. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4864-7.ch010.
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Despite a proliferation of a number of studies on service failures and recovery in e-service settings, there is a paucity of knowledge of ways in which service failures and recovery practices are implemented in the fashion industry. Drawing on constructivist perspective, this study offers a new perspective on an effective relational mechanism that would bridge the rupture between consumers and companies particularly in the on-line fashion sector. The analysis adds to studies on service failures and recovery by elucidating recovery strategies relevant to retailers’ operations in on-line environments. This analysis advances knowledge of on-line service failures and recovery in the UK fashion industry. Findings indicate that consumer expectations of service failures and recovery are context driven, which requires companies to fine-tune their recovery strategies to improve recovery satisfaction.
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Dumazert, Jean-Pierre. "Chapitre 19. Enseigner les ressources humaines dans un contexte de rupture, quel(s) défi(s) pour l’apprenance ?" In L'apprenance au service de la performance, 205–17. EMS Editions, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ems.frim.2019.01.0205.
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MANSON, S. S., and JONGHWA PARK. "CONCURRENT FIELD SERVICE AND LABORATORY TESTING AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING RELIABILITY IN CREEP-RUPTURE APPLICATIONS." In Mechanical Behaviour of Materials VI, 227–32. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-037890-9.50155-1.
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"Creep." In Damage Mechanisms and Life Assessment of High-Temperature Components, 59–110. ASM International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.dmlahtc.t60490059.
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Abstract This chapter provides a detailed overview of the creep behavior of metals and how to account for it when determining the remaining service life of components. It begins with a review of creep curves, explaining how they are plotted and what they reveal about the operating history, damage mechanisms, and structural integrity of the test sample. In the sections that follow, it discusses the effects of stress and temperature on creep rate, the difference between diffusional and dislocation creep, and the use of time-temperature-stress parameters for data extrapolation. It explains how to deal with time dependent deformation in design, how to estimate cumulative damage under changing conditions, and how to assess the effect of multiaxial stress based on uniaxial test data. It also includes information on rupture ductility, creep fracture, and creep-crack growth and their effect on component life and performance.
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Lemon, Alaina. "Intuition and Rupture." In Technologies for Intuition. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520294271.003.0008.
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Interaction frames—the conventions that tell us to look at the stage, to focus in the passport booth—serve as technologies for intuition. Frames work this way because they are both imaginary and material at the same time as they fix or nudge, as Bateson remarked, our ideologies and practices for reading signs at all. Broken frames serve just as well or better. In fact, it is people’s capacity to break frames or layer competing ones that sets many questions for intuition in motion. Artists and then social theorists have called this process estrangement. But we cannot rest with mapping frames like intersecting circles, we need still to probe the tropes by which people differently recognize a frame—or anything—as broken or fragmented. The bits of ruin interpreted as signs of working-class evil in the United States, for instance, were badges of ingenuity and survival in post-WWII Russia. This chapter explores the local and geopolitical forces that torque perceptions and readings of conflict and rupture and that enchant dreams of wholeness. Contact does not become an issue for intuition to solve until some space of rupture or distance is made meaningful (or even imagined). Meanwhile, theatrical and psychic training in flexible framing separates phatic experts from the rest.
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"Life Prediction for Boiler Components." In Damage Mechanisms and Life Assessment of High-Temperature Components, 183–263. ASM International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.dmlahtc.t60490183.
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Abstract This chapter covers the failure modes and mechanisms associated with boiler components and the tools and techniques used to assess damages and predict remaining component life. It begins with a review of the design and operation of a utility boiler and the materials used in construction. It then describes the various causes of failure in boiler tubes, headers, and steam pipes, explaining how and why they occur, how they are diagnosed, and how to mitigate their effects. The final and by far largest section in the chapter is a tutorial on damage and life assessment techniques for boiler components and assemblies. It demonstrates the use of various methods, including analytical techniques that estimate life expenditure based on operating history, component geometry, and material properties; predictive methods based on the extrapolation of failure statistics; methods that predict life based on dimensional measurements; methods based on metallographic studies; methods based on temperature estimates; and a method for estimating remaining life under creep conditions based on stress-rupture testing of service-exposed material samples. The chapter also discusses the use of fracture mechanics and presents a number of cases in which life assessments are made based on the integration of several methods.
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Cucchetti, Humberto. "Chapitre VIII. Subjectivité militante, biographie organisationnelle et transformations politiques : continuité ou rupture du militantisme ?" In Servir Perón, 191–237. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.43617.
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Zachhuber, Johannes. "The Climax of Chalcedonian Philosophy." In The Rise of Christian Theology and the End of Ancient Metaphysics, 275–310. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859956.003.0009.
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This chapter discusses the philosophical contributions of Maximus Confessor and John of Damascus. Confronted with dramatic political and cultural ruptures, they both produced remarkable philosophical syntheses. Both emerge from this analysis as representatives of Chalcedonian philosophy but in rather different ways. Maximus represents the most radical attempt to return to the spirit of the original Cappadocian theory. He leaves largely unaddressed the conceptual conundrums that caused the various philosophical innovations among his immediate predecessors and instead sought to develop a system on Cappadocian foundations, read through the spectacles of ps.-Dionysius the Areopagite. The Damascene, by contrast, is a more natural end-point of the transformation of Cappadocian philosophy in the service of Christology. His thought is radically centred on the concept of hypostasis as pure existence and, as such, the ontological basis of all other being. In John of Damascus, Patristic philosophy comes close to introducing a duality of essence and existence.
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Geheran, Michael. "Epilogue." In Comrades Betrayed, 206–14. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501751011.003.0008.
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The book closes with a short glimpse into the history of Jewish veterans after 1945, as the survivors of the camps returned to Germany, outlining ruptures and continuities in comparison with the pre-Nazi period. Jewish veterans imposed different narratives on their experiences under National Socialism. As the past receded into the distance, it became a concern for the survivors to engage with the past, which they variously looked back on with nostalgia, disillusionment, or bitter anger. Although National Socialism threatened to erase everything that Jewish veterans of World War I had achieved and sacrificed, sought to destroy the identity they had constructed as soldiers in the service of the nation, as well as bonds with gentile Germans that had been forged under fire during the war, threatened to sever their connections to the status they had earned as soldiers of the Great War and defenders of the fatherland, their minds, their values and their character remained intact. Jewish veterans preserved their sense of German identity.
Conference papers on the topic "Service Rupture"
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Pussegoda, L. N., and V. Semiga. "Evaluating a Corrosion Assisted Pipeline Rupture." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31618.
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An in-service failure was associated with an NPS 12, 6.35 nominal wall API 5L X42 grade pipe. This segment of the pipeline had been in service since 1957 and had a tar coating. The pipe was manufactured by piercing followed by rolling/extrusion to produce a seamless pipe. The pipeline has always carried refined petroleum products. The rupture event was captured by pressure history records that recorded an overpressure experienced during a sudden valve closure event. The section of pipe removed included portions of the upstream and downstream pipe sections to carryout a failure investigation. The paper presents the findings from the investigation. The paper presents the observations from inspection and experimental testing carried out on the removed pipe section. These included NDE, fracture surface examinations and destructive examination such as metallography that helped in obtaining information on the reduction in the resistance of the material to withstand the in-service pressure conditions. The above observations together with results from mechanical testing was used to estimate failure pressures based on a “deterministic” primary flaw size, using assessment methods (ECA) applicable to the failure case under consideration. The investigation of the failure indicated that the major contributing factors were: (a) the corrosion feature at the failure site that reduced the remaining wall thickness below 2mm, and the overpressure caused by the valve closure down stream in the vicinity of the failure site. Pipe specification checks from material removed from the section of the failed pipe, indicate that the pipe meets the API 5L X42 specification requirements.
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Rudland, David L. "Predicting Pipe Rupture Frequencies Using xLPR." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21080.
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Abstract Over the last several years, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), in cooperation with the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), conducted a multi-year project that focused on the development of a viable method and approach to address the effects of primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) in primary piping systems approved for leak-before-break (LBB). This project, called eXtremely Low Probability of Rupture (xLPR), defined the requirements necessary for a modular-based probabilistic fracture mechanics assessment tool to directly assess compliance with the regulations. Version 2.0 of this code has been completed and is currently awaiting public release. Since the focus of xLPR Version 2.0 is investigating the impacts of active piping degradation on the leak-before-break behavior of reactor coolant piping, questions have been raised to whether xLPR can be used to confirm pipe rupture frequencies developed in other efforts, such as NUREG-1829, “Estimating Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) Frequencies Through the Elicitation Process.” This paper discusses an initial study focused on whether xLPR can be used to estimate pipe rupture frequencies. A series of analyses were conducted, based on inputs developed by the xLPR program team, focused on the reactor pressure vessel outlet nozzle geometry of a typical pressurized water reactor. Additional analyses were conducted using the same radius-to-thickness ratio but decreasing the pipe diameter. Due to computer memory restrictions, it was difficult calculating low probability events when considering PWSCC initiation, typical residual stresses, leak detection and in-service inspection. Therefore, to bound the problem, an aggressive weld residual stress was assumed with multiple pre-existing defects. By modifying the size and number of these initial defects, results were generated that indicated the conditional probability of rupture was related to the percentage of the inner circumference cracked and the pipe diameter. Using the PWSCC initiation model from xLPR Version 2, the yearly rupture frequency with leak detection and in-service inspection was calculated. The results indicate that the rupture frequencies in NUREG-1829 appear conservative relative to the results from this study. Due to the limited scope of this study, the assumptions used in these analyses were limited or conservative; therefore, additional analyses are needed for a more robust comparison. However, the results suggest that conducting xLPR analyses with pre-existing defects may be useful in bounding LBB applicability with active degradation.
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Cohn, Marvin J. "An Estimator for the Influence of Service Temperature on Creep Rupture Life." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2246.
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The 2001 ASME B31.1 Code (Code) has a warning to the piping designer regarding materials susceptible to creep damage. However, the Code does not prescribe a methodology to determine the accelerated life reduction for a component due to events resulting in operating temperatures in excess of the design temperature. In general, the quantitative evaluation of the service life of a component subject to creep damage is very complex. Nevertheless, the amount of accelerated creep damage due to increased temperature can be approximately estimated. This paper is the technical basis for a recent modification to the Code. It provides an approximate relationship of operating temperature and time for equivalent creep damage of typical power piping materials. Piping designers, plant operators, and plant engineers may use this information as a rough idea of the relationship of temperature and time to maintain an equivalent safety margin on creep rupture life. This evaluation includes a discussion of tolerance to temperature increase for some low chrome ferritic, intermediate chrome martensitic, and austenitic stainless steel alloys.
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Cohn, Marvin J., and Steve R. Paterson. "Fitness for Service of Degraded Grade 91 Pipe." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78589.
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The use of creep strength enhanced ferritic alloys such as Grade 91 in fossil power plants has become popular for high temperature piping applications. Since Grade 91 has higher stress allowables than Grade 22, a designer can specify thinner component wall thicknesses, resulting in lower through-wall thermal stresses during transient events and lower material and piping support costs. During the past two decades, Grade 91 has been used successfully in fossil power plants. However, this alloy has had some incidents of non-optimal weldment microstructure. In this case study, Brinell hardness tests of an ASME A182 Grade F91 (F91) wye block, including upstream and downstream F91 spools, revealed several readings of soft material, as low as 168HB. A study of creep rupture tests of degraded Grade 91 specimens revealed that the lower bound creep rupture curve of the degraded Grade 91 material is above the average creep rupture curve of Grade 22 material for the range of the specific piping operating stresses. Based on the empirical evidence that the average Grade 22 material creep rupture curve is conservative for the creep rupture of degraded Grade 91 material, a life consumption evaluation was performed for the degraded Grade 91 weldments using Grade 22 creep rupture properties. A life fraction analysis was performed considering the redistributed maximum principal stresses, based on simulation of piping displacements obtained from the hot and cold walkdowns. This study also considered the recent history of the specific piping system operating pressures and temperatures. This study also considered dissimilar metal welds, from ASME A182 Grade F91 (F91) to ASME A335 Grade P22 (P22) materials. It was determined that the Grades F91-to-F91 weldments had about 30% life consumption and the remaining lives were at least 7 years. The Grades F91-to-P22 weldments had less than 40% life consumption and the remaining lives were at least 15 years.
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Bonora, Nicola, Luca Esposito, and Simone Dichiaro. "Predicting Creep Rupture Using Damage Mechanics." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28663.
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Creep rupture strength values are basis for design in many high temperature applications. The application of new heat resistant steel in power plants is a typical example where long rupture time data are required. Different assessment methods are available to get the material creep rupture strength in service condition. Mainly these methods are phenomenological in nature or mere procedures of data fitting. The main challenging issue using these methods concerns their reliability of extrapolation from short term creep data. Numerical methods based on continuum damage mechanics (CDM) are largely used to predict creep strain accumulation and creep rupture. Most of the proposed CDM models are based on the Kachanov’s definition of effective stress. Damage accumulates with time (time-fraction) or strain (strain-fraction rule) as a result of void nucleation and growth, and rupture time is predicted to occur when damage reaches a critical value, characteristic for the material. The authors discussed elsewhere the influence of the damage evolution law on the strain accumulation in the tertiary creep stage [1–3]. For a given model formulation, damage model parameters can be identified to reproduce accurately the creep rupture time or the creep rate but usually poor results are obtained in predicting both the strain accumulation in the tertiary stage and the time to rupture. Often a very high value of the critical damage (close to 1) is required to match experimental data, which is not consistent with physical evidences of creep damage. However for time-limited applications a simple linear damage law can be used and a creep rupture formulation can be derived. In this paper the CDM has been used to formulate an engineering approach for creep rupture assessment of metals and alloys.
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Jackson, Julie R., and Glenn E. Vallee. "Development of a Predictive Design Methodology for Structural Polymers Subject to Long-Term Loadings." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87912.
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A methodology for designing polymeric service components for resistance to creep rupture is presented. One of the major difficulties encountered when designing service components that must carry loads for extended periods of time, particularly at elevated temperatures, is the prevention of failures caused by creep rupture. Creep rupture typically occurs at stresses well below the static or quasi static failure stresses commonly used to evaluate the safety of the design. A predictive method is therefore required to guard against such failures. A Delrin 100 polymer is studied and its creep and creep rupture characteristics at temperatures ranging from 23°C to 85°C are determined. These properties are then used to formulate viscous creep and creep rupture models for use in the commercially available ABAQUS finite element program. The creep material model uses standardized creep test data, and the creep rupture model utilizes an element failure criteria used to predict the time to failure under various stress and temperature conditions. These material models are verified experimentally by performing creep and creep rupture tests at elevated temperatures, and reasonable agreement is seen. An axisymmetric finite element model of a typical service component used in a construction hand tool is then developed using the creep and creep rupture models developed for use in ABAQUS. Creep rupture is predicted over a range of loads and temperatures which are expected in service. Two creep rupture test fixtures are then designed for testing of the service component studied using ABAQUS. These fixtures are used to perform testing of two components simultaneously, and are capable of being loaded into an oven together to allow testing at elevated temperatures to be performed. The prediction of the time to creep rupture under actual service conditions computed by ABAQUS shows reasonable agreement with the component testing. A methodology for designing components for resistance to creep rupture failures is then developed which focuses on the determination of maximum allowable stresses for a given set of life and loading conditions. The methodology described in this report is validated experimentally by modifying the geometry of the service component to increase the maximum stress to a level which results in a creep rupture failure as predicted by ABAQUS. The component is tested at an elevated temperature and failure at a time near that predicted in the finite element analysis is seen. It is concluded that the utilization of this design methodology can increase service life at the temperatures and load levels seen in service.
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Sinha, Sri K., Robert S. Vecchio, Paul M. Bruck, Thomas C. Esselman, Gregory Zysk, and Dowlatram Somrah. "Condensation Induced Waterhammer in District Steam Distribution Systems." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-98148.
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Condensation induced waterhammer in district steam distribution systems can cause catastrophic rupture of piping and inflict severe damage to personnel, property, and environment. On July 18, 2007, a 20-in. diameter underground steam pipe in New York City ruptured at 5:56 p.m. at the intersection of 41st Street and Lexington Avenue in midtown Manhattan. At the time of rupture, the steam system was in service delivering steam to the customers at an operating pressure of approximately 160 psig and a steam temperature of approximately 370°F. The incident opened a large cavity measuring approximately 32 ft × 32 ft × 18 ft deep at the intersection of 41st Street and Lexington Avenue. The pipe rupture released steam, condensate, water, pipe insulation and various construction materials to the environment. Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc. (Con Edison) and LPI (Lucius Pitkin, Inc.) investigated the event. Based on detailed metallurgical and engineering evaluations of the steam system configuration and operating conditions, it was concluded that the steam pipe ruptured as a result of excessive pressure caused by condensation-induced waterhammer. This paper presents a summary of the engineering evaluation, root cause, and conditions leading to the pipe rupture and provides measures which can be taken to reduce the likelihood of such a failure and enhance public safety.
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Kim, Woo-Gon, Jae-Young Park, Song-Nan Yin, Dae-Whan Kim, Ji-Yeon Park, and Seon-Jin Kim. "Reliability Assessment of Creep Rupture Life for Gr.91 Steel by an Interference Model." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57891.
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This paper focuses on reliability assessment of creep rupture life under the service conditions at high temperatures and stresses for Gr. 91 steel which is considered as one of the prime structural materials for next-generation nuclear reactors. An interference model based on Z parameter, which is considered for the fluctuations of both service temperature and stress besides the scattering of rupture data, was analyzed and used to assess the reliability on creep rupture life of Gr. 91 steel. The scattering distribution of the creep rupture data of the Gr. 91 steel was investigated by using the Z parameter. It appeared that the Z parameter of creep rupture data for Gr.91 steel exhibited normal distribution. Using the normal distribution, a Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) was carried out to generate a number of random variables for Zs and Zcr, and the reliability of the creep rupture life under the fluctuations of service temperature and stress conditions was estimated by using the interference model. It showed that the value of reliability decreased with increasing service time. Higher temperature caused the trend of faster deterioration. The value of reliability decreased rapidly at higher temperature fluctuation amplitude, and the reliability decreased as the scattering of the creep rupture data became serious.
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Porter, M. A., D. D. Miller, D. H. Martens, and S. M. McGuffie. "Investigation of a Shell and Tube Exchanger in Liquefied Natural Gas Vaporization Service." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26592.
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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is commonly converted from liquid to vapor for gas distribution. One of the methods for vaporizing LNG is to use a shell and tube heat exchanger. Water is used on the shell side to provide the heat source and LNG is then vaporized through the tube side passages of the exchanger. In many of these applications, the LNG is at a high pressure on the tube side while the water is at a lower pressure than the LNG as it flows through the shell side. The industry consensus document API 521 [1] “Guide to Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems,” Fourth Edition, paragraph 3.18 “Heat Transfer Equipment Failure” states that a complete tube rupture is to be considered for the possible overpressure of the equipment. The typical shell and tube exchanger application described above has rupture discs on the shell body to protect the shell from being over-pressured due to a tube rupture scenario. The possible freezing of the water in the shell due to mixing with cryogenic LNG is a concern. The issue to consider is whether freezing will occur before the rupture discs can safely relieve a possible over-pressure condition of the shell. A numerical analysis of the condition was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The exchanger service, the analysis procedure and the conclusions found are detailed in this paper.
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Bendick, Walter, Jean Gabrel, and Bruno Vandenberghe. "Assessment of Creep Rupture Strength for New Martensitic 9% Cr Steels." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/creep2007-26332.
Full textAbstract:
The application of new heat resistant steels in power plants requires reliable long term creep rupture strength values as basis for design. Modern martensitic 9% Cr-steels have complex microstructures that change with service exposure. That is why extrapolations of long term strength properties will be most difficult. Due to new long term test results, re-assessments became necessary for grades 911 and 92. Different methods have been used. Good agreement was obtained between a graphical and the numerical ISO 6303 method. In both cases a two-step assessment procedure was used. First the raw data was prepared in a suitable way, which was followed by mathematical averaging procedures. For comparison a Larson-Miller analysis on the raw data was performed, too. The results turned out to be too optimistic at temperatures higher than 575°C (1050°F). It is shown that a suitable preparation of data can improve the Larson-Miller assessment. As a result of the new assessments the design values had to be reduced for both grades. With respect to previous assessments the new values are up to almost 10% lower. In the case of grade 92 the difference from the former ASME values are even higher. Consequences concerning design and service operation are discussed.