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Academic literature on the topic 'Services basés sur la localisation – Esthétique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Services basés sur la localisation – Esthétique"
Entrialgo, Frédérique. "Locative media : la mise en oeuvre artistique des technologies de géolocalisation comme médiation esthétique et critique dans la relation corps/réseau/territoire." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE2030.
Full textBioret, Nicolas. "Géolocalisation par images en s'appuyant sur un sytème d'informations geographiques." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECDN0047.
Full textIn a context of research in urban planning and architectural simulations, we wish to use Augmented Reality as a tool for interaction between users and geograhic information in an urban environment. Such an approach is based on a pose computation, requiring an initialization step (which is the purpose of our work) and then a tracking step. Therefore we present here an outdoor localization approach which combines image data and GIS (Geograhical Information System) data. In a first step we used photographs taken by a handheld camera as input data. Image analysis and projective reconstruction associated to an uncertainty model allow to query the road and building layers of a 2D GIS. Robustness is archieved through a multi-hypothesis approach followed by a filtering step, which discards wrong camera poses. In a second step we looked for more automation by using videos as input data. We reconstruct a cloud of 3D points in which vertical facades are detected, which enables a localization query in the GIS. We also present encouraging experimental results. Our main contribution is to automatically match vector data from a 2D GIS with a recontruction made from imge data, and use thes correspondances for the purpose of outdoor urban localization
Kang, GuoDong. "Géolocalisation en intérieur opportuniste à base d'inégalités matricielles linéaires." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ESAE0016.
Full textWang, Chen. "Location based services and location based behavior in a smart city." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC017/document.
Full textThe concept of “Smart Cities” has emerged during the last few years to describe how investments in human and social capital and modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) infrastructure and e-services fuel sustainable growth and quality of life, enabled by a wise management of natural resources and through participative government. To us, Smart City is a real augmented environment allowing ubiquitous computing, with up-to-date web 2.0, which is collaborative, mobile and contextual, human actors as well as different things (connected objects) are now an integral part of internet. In the international France-China project on Smart City we used the MOCOCO approach (Mobility, Contextualization, Collaboration) to conduct research work with multiple applications in working, learning and social situations; professional and home working situations, professional and teenager contextual mobile learning situations as well as Smart City applications are taken into account – transportation, goods distribution and local sport and cultural activities. This dissertation focuses on Location Based Services, and Internet of Things, which are both important aspects of Smart City. The choice of dynamic management of road lanes as a case study in this thesis, is also a good practice of integrating new technologies to make the city smarter and to make our life more comfortable. According to Schiller and Voisard (2004), Location Based Services (LBS) can be defined as services that integrate a mobile device’s location or position with other information so as to provide added value to a user. During recent years, LBS has evolved from simple GIS applications and positioning of emergent phone callers to more complicated, proactive, application-oriented services adapted to different users. However, heterogeneity of devices, data management and analysis, and HCI aspects are always main challenges for LBS. Our goal is to make the LBS meet the requirements of Smart City, with use of Internet of Things (IoT), integrating a certain degree of ambient intelligence. The theoretical aspect of our contributions is that we examine at component level the possibility and feasibility of using IoT to better support LBS. The ability of IoT architecture of integrating various objects gives LBS a better management of location-aware devices; the sensors can also enrich the data source of LBS. The middleware of IoT, good at objects abstraction and service composition, provides possibilities to deploy more intelligent and customized service components, thus can enhance the middleware of LBS. The practical aspect of our contributions is that we choose a dynamic lane management problem as a use case study demonstrating our approach in regard to combining LBS with IoT for a Smart City application. The goal of the dynamic lane management system is to make a better use of road lanes by dynamic allocation of lanes to different types of transportation. We provide the system architecture, user interfaces and a simulation environment to validate the solution design. We also develop a proof of concept to validate the technological aspects of the lane management system. The simulation environment of the lane management system is another important part of our contributions, it includes a core simulator to simulate the function of the system and the behaviors of the vehicles, and an editor of scenario and a generator of traffic as initialization tools. Different visualization methods of simulation results are also taken into consideration. In addition, we develop an evaluation tool which allows for real time user interaction, based on the visualization of the results of the simulator to conduct user tests for HCI aspects, as human factors should always be considered in the context of Smart City. [...]
Delmée, Quentin. "Résolution exacte de problèmes de localisation de services bi-objectifs en variables mixtes." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4055/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the exact solution of biobjective mixed-integer facility location problems. Biobjective mixed integer linear programming problem have been largely studied in recent years but only in the generic context. The same way, the study of biobjective facility location problems has been restricted to the discrete case. We consider first the bi-objective uncapacitated facility location problem. To solve it, we adapt the box paving method proposed for the discrete case. Rectangular boxes become triangular. Moreover, their exploration becomes considerably easier. The difficulty of the problem is therefore translated to the enumeration and the filtering of these boxes. Different enumeration strategies are proposed. Next, we consider the bi-objective capacitated facility location problem. We first propose an adaptation of the triangular box paving method to the capacitated case. However, the structure of the problem highly limits the method. Thus, we consider a two phase method. The main exploration routine is based on the adaptation of a branch and bound algorithm proposed by Beasley that we adapt to the bi-objective context. Experimental results on various instances show the efficiency of the proposed methods
Abchir, Mohammed-Amine. "Vers une sémantique floue : application à la géolocalisation." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/179753401#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textIn the domain of Computing with words, fuzzy linguistic approaches are known to be relevant in many decision-making problems. Indeed, they allow us to model the human reasoning in replacing words, assessments, preferences, choices, wishes, etc. By ad hoc variables, such as fuzzy sets or more sophisticated variables. In this thesis, we present a new fuzzy representation model to deal with unbalanced linguistic term sets that allow us to handle data with precision and accuracy. This model is based on our fuzzy semantic 2-tuples that we introduce. We apply these semantic 2-tuples to perform a fuzzy semantic interpretation of words in a natural langage dialog context for a geolocation application
Yu, Lei. "Fingerprinting based techniques for indoor localization exploiting UWB signal properties." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S096.
Full textNowadays, wireless localization systems are considered as a potential technology for future services. Various techniques have been proposed for both indoor and outdoor localization systems. These techniques and systems allowed to conceive different LBSs. The two main processes a localization system must be able to do are the measurement of location-dependent parameters (RSSI, TOA,. . . ) and the estimation of position using different localization techniques. In this manuscript, the estimation and measurement of LDPs such as RSSI and TOA are investigated using a provided UWB measurements campaign. Four different TOA estimation techniques are proposed. RSSI based ranging techniques are also introduced. The main goal of this thesis is the study of fingerprinting based techniques for indoor localization. The neural networks technique is used to learn the fingerprinting database and to locate the targeted points. The construction of the neural networks and the adopted approaches are described. Both the pre-measured and the pre-simulated fingerprinting databases are established to be used in the fingerprinting techniques. Different fingerprints and different sizes of the database are utilized to evaluate the positioning performances. The MultiWall model is proposed to predict the RSSI fingerprint depending on the real propagation environment. An adaptation of the classic MultiWall model to take into account the effect of diffraction for the metallic furniture shows that it can improve the quality of positioning
Brahmi, Nadia. "Contributions dans les réseaux véhiculaires : routage géographique et localisation." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES017.
Full textDriven by the transportation safety and efficiency issues, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications are attracting considerable attention in providing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In this context, a variety of services are offered to road users for improving their security and comfort. These emerging applications include among others safety applications for traffic monitoring and collision prevention, road information services, and infotainment and so on. However, unlike other ad hoc networks, Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs) have their unique characteristics which give rise to many challenging issues. One of the most salient features is the high mobility of vehicles resulting in dynamic topology changes which make data routing remains a key networking issue. In this thesis, we focus on routing problems and propose new protocols that meet the requirements of the emerging vehicular applications. First, we exploit additional information about vehicle’s movement in order to adapt traditional position-based approach for these dynamic environments. We define a new strategy to improve forwarding decisions with an optimal next hop based on a computed metric combining position, velocity and direction information. In the second part of this work, we propose a new class of geographic routing protocols mainly for urban environments. The proposed approaches exploit information about road connectivity and vehicles distribution to find stable routes and reduce the probability of links breakage. The advocated techniques are evaluated by network simulations performed for different vehicular traffic scenarios. Finally, in order to help the deployment of the geographic routing solutions, we propose in the second part of this work a distributed hierarchical location service called Density aware Map-Based Location Service (DMBLS) for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. DMBLS makes use of the street digital maps and the traffic density information to define a three level-hierarchy of locations servers that help a source node to discover the location of destination node before sending the data. This infrastructure-less scheme has proven to be robust to node mobility and well suited to dynamic networks
Qu, Xiaozhi. "Localisation basée amers visuels : détection et mise à jour d’amers avec gestion des incertitudes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1005/document.
Full textMobile mapping is the process of collecting geospatial data with a moving vehicle. These vehicles are often equipped with two types of sensors: remote sensing (cameras, lidar, radar) and geo-localization (GNSS, IMU, odometer). Precise and robust georeferencing has been a major challenge for the implementation of mobile mapping systems. Indeed, in dense urban environments, the masks of signals and multipath errors corrupt the measurements and lead to big positioning errors. High precision IMUs enable to bridge the gaps of positioning and ensure a drift low enough to fulfil the requirements of mapping in terms of accuracy. Nowadays, the hybrid positioning systems (GNSS / IMU / Odometer) are mature enough to provide reliable industrial solutions for the collection of geo-referenced data. National and private mapping agencies have started to collect the required row data for building geospatial repositories at very large scales. However, the very high cost of positioning systems incorporating high precisions IMUs restricts their use to the establishment of geospatial reference data and more affordable positioning solutions are needed for map updating purpose.The objective of this thesis is to provide a low cost positioning solution that can be used on a large number of map updating vehicles.We propose to use one or more cameras on a vehicle as a georeferencing system. Indeed, the vehicle’s trajectory can be estimated using visual odometry techniques. To limit the drift of the trajectory due to the accumulation of errors, we propose a registration on a set of visual landmarks that are precisely georeferenced. These landmarks are reconstructed using the reference data generated by precise and expensive mapping systems. Natural road features such as road markings and traffic signs were chosen as visual landmarks.A local bundle adjustment algorithm has been adapted to estimate the pose of the vehicle using a sequence of images acquired by one or more embedded cameras. A rigorous approach that takes into account the uncertainties enables to tune automatically the weights of every constraint in the equation system of the adjustment and to estimate the uncertainties of the parameters. They are used in a propagation based matching algorithm that accelerates the process of tracking the interest points between the images and eliminate many false matches. This significantly reduces the drift of the visual odometry by reducing the sources of errors. The remaining part of the drift is removed using georeferenced visual landmarks. The process of matching the image sequence with the landmarks is guided by the uncertainty of the poses. It adds a set of absolute constraints in the equation system of bundle adjustment. The drift is drastically reduced. Each step of the algorithm is evaluated on real image sequences with ground truths
Mariyasagayam, Nestor. "Communication Véhiculaires par géolocalisation pour Systèmes de Transports Intelligents." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613174.
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