Dissertations / Theses: 'Services sector (Economy)'

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Lugli, Vanessa Moraes 1983. "Mudança estrutural e o setor de serviços no Brasil." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286451.

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Orientador: Celio Hiratuka
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A mudança estrutural pode ser entendida como uma transformação de longo prazo da estrutura produtiva de um país estando, portanto, intrinsecamente relacionada ao desenvolvimento econômico. Nesse processo, os setores e as atividades produtivas crescem a velocidades diferentes, alterando assim a sua participação na geração do produto e do emprego agregados. Nas últimas décadas, iniciou-se um debate, não apenas nos países desenvolvidos, mas também em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, sobre a ocorrência de um processo de desindustrialização dessas economias, dado pela retração do setor industrial em contrapartida à expansão do setor de serviços. Considerando que, dentro deste debate, o setor de serviços foi analisado como uma categoria residual, composto por diversas atividades muito distintas entre si e que não se encaixavam na classificação de agropecuária ou indústria, sua análise de forma agregada pode ser problemática, levando a resultados e conclusões imprecisos. Sendo assim, esse trabalho se propõe a analisar de forma detalhada o setor de serviços no Brasil no período entre 2000 e 2012, compreendendo melhor a sua estrutura e a sua dinâmica, contribuindo também para qualificar essa mudança estrutural e seus impactos sobre o desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro
Abstract: Structural change can be understood as a long-term transformation of the productive structure of a country, intrinsically related to economic development. In this process, the sectors and productive activities grow at different rates, altering its participation in the generation of output and employment aggregates. In recent decades, began a debate, not only in developed countries but also in developing ones, such as Brazil, on the occurrence of a process of deindustrialisation of these economies, given the decline of the industrial sector in contrast to the expansion of the service sector. Whereas, within this debate, the service sector has been analyzed as a residual category, composed of several very different activities that did not fit in agriculture or industry classification, the analysis of aggregate form can be problematic, leading to inaccurate results and conclusions. Thus, this study aims to analyze in detail the services sector in Brazil between 2000 and 2012, to better understand their structure and its dynamics, also contributing to qualify this structural change and its impact on Brazil's economic development
Mestrado
Teoria Economica
Mestra em Ciências Econômicas

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Akgul, Zeynep. "The Impact Of International Capital Flows In A Three-sector Open Economy: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Analysis." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610961/index.pdf.

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This thesis examines the effects of international capital flows on economic growth by using a dynamic general equilibrium framework based on a three-sector Ramsey Model. In order to detect the impact of financial integration on production, allocation of resources across three sectors and consumption, two different economic environments are modelled. While the first model represents a closed economy with financial autarky, the second model examplifies a financially integrated open economy with partial capital mobility. Each of the models is calibrated to Turkish economy based on the data of the year 2006. The simulation results demonstrate that the presence of international capital flows, despite being limited by a borrowing constraint, reverses the impact of economic growth on production and resource allocation. It is found that even though the importance of production in tradable-goods sector diminishes in the absence of international capital flows, it increases in the open economy model. Moreover, the findings show that while production in the closed economy model simply adjusts to domestic demand, that of the open economy model is not constrained by it. This can be explained by the augmentative effect of partial capital flows on the impact of foreign demand on domestic production.

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Silva, Ricardo Azevedo. "Evolução recente do terciario (serviços) no Brasil." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285625.

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Orientador: Claudio Salvadori Dedecca
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: Esta tese trata de questões referentes ao papel de determinados serviços no desenvolvimento econômico. No caso da experiência brasileira, o desenvolvimento do Terciário no contexto da recente reestruturação econômica teve participação importante. Na década de 1990 a economia nacional foi palco de grandes transformações, nas quais alguns serviços reestruturados e/ou "modernizados" e mais dinâmicos permitiram maior agilidade econômica. O reordenamento da economia nacional e as novas formas de inter-relacionamento setorial vêm exercendo efeitos sobre a localização de muitas atividades econômicas, abrindo novas janelas de oportunidade. Temia-se que essas transformações levassem à "desindustrialização" e uma concentração do PIB e das ocupações nas macro-regiões e nos estados mais desenvolvidos (notadamente os que apresentam as maiores estruturas industriais). Mas a análise dos dados sobre o crescimento do PIB no Brasil nos leva a crer numa forte interdependência dos serviços com o desempenho da Indústria e da Agricultura. Não há elementos suficientes para afirmar que tenha havido uma autonomização apontando um rearranjo no qual o Terciário passe a ditar a dinâmica do desenvolvimento econômico. A evolução das ocupações mostra um crescimento maior justamente de serviços distributivos e produtivos, fortemente influenciados pelas atividades produtivas industriais e agroindustriais. Mesmo que se trate de uma estratégia de redução de custos frente à elevada tributação da folha de pagamento, isso não afasta as evidências de que a sinergia de determinados serviços com outros setores da economia não tenha aumentado consideravelmente nas duas últimas décadas. Quanto à concentração regional foi possível constatar uma redistribuição do PIB (IBGE) e das ocupações (PNAD/IBGE) em direção das macrorregiões periféricas. O papel dos setores recentemente reestruturados do Terciário nacional nesse processo é o objeto de estudo dessa tese. Esses setores fortaleceram seu poder de influir no desenvolvimento econômico setorial e regional do Brasil. Mas mesmo esses setores tendo aumentado sua contribuição ao crescimento do PIB do Brasil, este aumento foi pequeno perto do aumento das ocupações (PNAD) nos grupos de apoio a produção a que pertencem (serviços distributivos e serviços produtivos) e o aumento das ocupações nos setores tradicionais foi muito elevado (serviços coletivos e serviços pessoais).
Abstract: The following thesis discusses some issues on the role played by some specific kinds of services in economic development. Within Brazilian experience, the Tertiary Sector development was very significant in the context of recent economic restructuring. Through the 1990's Brazilian national economy was a scenario of great transformation in which a few restructured and / or modernized, more dynamic services made room for greater economic agility. National economy's rearrangement and the new features of economic sectors inter-relations have been causing impacts on economic activity location and presenting new opportunities. One feared these transformations would cause "de-industrialization" and GDP and occupational concentration on more developed macro-regions and states (especially within those which hold the biggest industrial structures). But analysis on Brazilian GDP growth data leads to the finding of great service interdependency regarding Industry and Agriculture economic performances. There are no sufficient elements to support the theoretical point of view that there has been a tertiary self-determination, a change towards an economic arrangement in which the Services Sector would guide the dynamics of economic development. Labor market behavior shows a higher occupational growth precisely on productive and distributive services, which are strongly influenced by industrial and agri-industrial productive activities. Even when that kind of behavior is guided by a firm strategy of cost reduction - due to high payroll taxation - it does not erase strong evidence of increasing synergy between certain services and other economic activity sectors in the two last decades. As to regional concentration of economic activities, it has been possible to identify redistribution of GDP (IBGE data) and occupations (PNAD-IBGE data) towards peripheral macro-regions. The role of recently restructured activities of the national Tertiary Sector within that process of change is the aim of this thesis. These activities have strengthened their power of influence on Brazilian sector and regional economic development. Despite having an increased in Brazilian GDP growth, these tertiary activities are more significant when it comes to their higher labor increased (PNAD-IBGE data), i.e., the volume of occupations provided by production-support service activities (distributive and production services); and the increase of occupations in the traditional sectors was high to (collective and social services).
Doutorado
Economia Social e do Trabalho
Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico

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Costa, Leandro da. "EXPANSÃO DO SETOR DE SERVIÇOS EM GOIÁS: CONFIGURAÇÃO REGIONAL (1999-2008)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2011. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2869.

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This thesis deals with the expansion, changes and spatial configuration of the service s sector in the State of Goiás from the 1999-2008. It examines the relationship between this expansion, growth and the desconcentration of industrial activity of the state, during this period, with a focus on spatial dynamics of these two movements. For that analyzes the characteristics and evolution of different types of services comparing them with the profile of the industrial structure and considering the movement of the polarization of the Goiânia city economy. It was verified that the spatial distribution of service activities in their expansion followed the path of the industry reveals, however, a greater degree of initial concentration and a greater resistance to decentralization. The research also showed a difference between the dynamics of the various types of services, revealing that the productive services, unlike the others, it had increased its concentration in the expansion, crowding, especially in the metropolitan region. On the other hand personal services were the most decentralized in relation to the metropolitan area, responding to population expansion and improvement of income in the emerging industrial centers of the state. The segments in the strategic location of knowledge-intensive industries, the most modern of productive services, proved to be the most concentrated. They had, however, some devolution, revealing that the industry of the state, especially the agro-industry, increasingly it calls for more sophisticated services. It was also explained that small deconcentration of services was limited, even more strongly that the industry in a limited number of municipalities. The relative distribution between the service activities in the municipalities is related to the type of industry, its expansion and diversification, degree of local roots, as well as the position of the municipality in the process of polarization of economic activities in the State of Goias.
Esta Dissertação trata da expansão, transformações e configuração espacial do setor de serviços em Goiás no período 1999 a 2008. Ela verifica a relação entre essa expansão o crescimento e a desconcentração da atividade industrial do Estado nesse período, com foco na dinâmica espacial dos dois movimentos. Analisa as características e evolução dos diversos tipos de serviços cotejando-as com o perfil da estrutura industrial e considerando o movimento de polarização da economia goiana. Buscou-se suporte nas teorias clássicas sobre o setor de serviços, decomposto em quatro seguimentos, e na teoria de desenvolvimento regional, para, posteriormente, trabalhar os dados referentes ao setor de serviços e da indústria, da Relação Anual de Informações, do Ministério do Trabalho e do PIB dos Municípios, da Seplan-Go. Desse modo, constatou-se que os serviços em Goiás, considerando a evolução das ocupações, possuem certa relação com a indústria. Quanto à concentração regional, dos três setores, os serviços possuem maior concentração espacial, superando a concentração industrial. As aglomerações empresariais dos serviços são articuladas e diversificadas com atividades específicas da indústria, principalmente com atividades relacionadas à tecnologia. A distribuição espacial das atividades de serviço em sua expansão acompanhou a trajetória da indústria revelando, entretanto, um maior grau de concentração inicial e uma resistência maior à descentralização. Os segmentos mais modernos dos serviços produtivos, estratégicos na localização das indústrias intensivas em conhecimento, revelaram-se os mais concentrados, principalmente na região metropolitana. A distribuição relativa entre as atividades de serviços nos municípios se relaciona com o tipo de indústria, sua expansão e diversificação, grau de enraizamento local, bem como com a posição do município no processo de polarização das atividades econômicas no Estado de Goiás.

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Graça, Vitor Manuel Miranda dos Santos Góis. "A distribuição dos serviços na União Europeia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4446.

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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
A importância que a economia atribui à vertente geográfica nos modelos económicos é frequentemente diminuta ou inexistente e menor ainda na análise do sector terciário, muitas vezes preterido a favor do sector industrial. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para um maior enfoque no sector terciário enquanto factor preponderante da localização económica. Para o efeito, analisa-se a evolução da localização do sector terciário na União Europeia, entre 2000 e 2007, recorrendo aos indicadores de Gini, de Herfindahl e de Krugman e alcançando-se 2 importantes conclusões. No período em análise, assiste-se a uma ligeira dispersão do sector terciário e constata-se que existem fluxos de actividade económica a actuar, não simplesmente entre o centro Europeu e a sua periferia, mas também entre os países no centro da Europa e entre os países na periferia Europeia.
The importance that Economics gives to the geographic dimension in economic models is frequently small or inexistent and even more negligent in the analysis of the tertiary sector which is more often than not, pretered in favour of the industrial sector. This work intends to give the tertiary sector a higher degree of visibility as a vital factor in economic localization. As such, we study the evolution of the localization of the tertiary sector in the European Union, between 2000 and 2007, using the indexes of Gini, of Herfindahl and of Krugman. In the period under analysis, a slight dispersion of the tertiary sector is found and we notice that flows of economic activity exist not only between the centre of Europe and its periphery but also between the countries at the core of Europe as well as between the countries in its periphery.

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Culp, Rhonda Phillips. "Competition in services : an examination of US multinational companies in Japan's service sector." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28632.

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How-Ling, Khong. "Service employment in the Malaysian economy : structure and change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386217.

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Mtshali, Sithembile Nokwazi. "Developing a South African services agenda : case study of the mining services sector." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20083.

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The services sector accounts for approximately 70% of South Africa's gross domestic product (GDP) and has emerged as one of South Africa's key exports with regional and global destinations. The sector is also a key provider of employment registering just above 8.5 million jobs in March 2014, according to Statistics South Africa. It is for this reason that the sector has been earmarked to give the required impetus to realise the export driven growth, which underpins the current government strategy for economic development and growth. Using the mining services sector, as a case study, this study highlights the importance of services, as an important input to operating costs in the production and manufacturing sectors. It further highlights the importance of services in determining the competitiveness of the manufacturing and production sectors, through effective sourcing and more importantly availability. This is done in the context of the growing African market, especially the mining sector and the opportunities presented by new mineral discoveries in Africa. This study is presented to support the development of a strategic and comprehensive trade strategy for services. Tracking the development of South Africa's trade policy, the rationale for the different positions that have been taken by government are presented to illustrate how government has used trade policy as a tool to advance its objectives at varying stages of South Africa's economic development. The study thereafter undertakes an analysis of the current trade policy to better understand how government view the role that is to be played by trade policy in supporting economic development. This analysis identifies gaps within the current trade policy in terms of the role that trade policy ought to play.

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Hejres, Zakaria Ahmed. "The prospect of economic development in Bahrain through the services sector." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4647/.

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This study investigates the problems associated with the future economic and social development of a small economy - Bahrain. Bahrain has adopted an industrialisation strategy to diversify the economy since the sixties. The outcomes of that strategy were encouraging at first, but were not sustainable in the long- run. Since the early eighties, changes in the external and internal situations have triggered a debate, which called for a review of the strategy. This study has two-fold objectives. The first is to contribute to the early conclusion of the debate on the to be taken for the future economic development of Bahrain. The second is to discuss the possibilities of adopting a services sector led strategy for the economic development of the country. The study emphasises two important factors which debate on the strategy has not given special attention to. The first is that Balirain has unique features because of its' smallness. The second is the important of utilising and analysing the sectoral and subsectoral data to become to a more objective conclusion about the role of industrial or/and services sector. The study capitalised on the small economy concept. The small island economies have especial natural and characteristics as compared to large economies. The small island economies differ in terms of population size, land, natural and financial resources, small domestic market and etc. This has made these countries to be more depended on the regional and international market for both exports and imports. These have profound implications to the countries in pursuing their economic and social development objectives. Politicians as well as economists in formulating policies for future economic development have overlooked this uniqueness. Notions of unbalanced growth and the theory of the leading sector are relevant to the development of a small island economy. But concepts such as self-reliance and the theory of dependency are not. Economic integration among countries, especially among developing countries has accelerated economic development. For a small economy, economic integration is imperative, whatever form it may take.

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Zubiri-Rey, Jon Bernat. "L'emploi des jeunes : vecteur de recomposition des économies salariales de services : étude sur la précarisation et la segmentation des relations salariales en Rhône-Alpes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAE007/document.

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En Rhône-Alpes l’économie se spécialise de plus en plus dans différentes activités de services – notamment de consultance et d'assistance, santé-action sociale, commerce, hôtellerie-restauration et services opérationnels– et dans la construction. La précarisation de l’emploi – comprise comme la combinaison persistante des bas salaires et de l'instabilité du poste– touche, aussi bien en France qu'en Rhône-Alpes, spécialement les jeunes salarié-e-s. Loin de se limiter à une période transitoire, cette précarisation se développe dans la vie sociale et professionnelle de segments importants de la population laborieuse. À partir des Déclarations Annuelles de Données Sociales (DADS), nous avons analysé la recomposition des rapports entre les groupes d’âge et de sexe, ce qui évidence les tendances générales de la région et les particularités sectorielles de la segmentation des relations salariales. Trois éléments – l’âge, le sexe et le secteur économique– sont les éléments structurants de cette thèse sur la précarisation de l’emploi des jeunes et le renforcement de la segmentation par l’âge et par le sexe. Ces éléments opèrent comme vecteur de recomposition intégrale des économies salariales de services, en combinant le renouvellement sectoriel et la substitution générationnelle des relations d’emploi. Dans une période de stagnation d'une partie importante des rémunérations salariales, l'emploi des jeunes se précarise par la multiplication des bas salaires, l'instabilité des postes et la faible perspective de carrière interne au secteur. Cette précarisation de l'emploi des jeunes est aussi bien conséquence que moteur de la recomposition sectorielle de l'emploi. La concentration des jeunes dans les activités émergentes reproduit la segmentation sexuée des emplois. Cette recomposition sectorielle et générationnelle de l'emploi renforce les processus de segmentation par l'âge : des secteurs traditionnels vieillissants – aux conditions plus décentes–, des zones de précarisation – concernant notamment des jeunes– en expansion, et des secteurs stratégiques un peu moins jeunes et fortement inégalitaires. Enfin, certain-e-s salarié-e-s – bien souvent des femmes– restent après la jeunesse durablement enfermé-e-s dans des bas salaires et l'instabilité de l'emploi. C'est la précarité-horizon tout au long de leur (absence de) carrière
The Rhône-Alpes economy is increasingly specializing in diverse service activities, such as consulting and assistance services, health and social action, commerce sector, hotels and restaurants, and operational services, along with the building sector. Employment precarization – defined as the persistent combination of low wages and job insecurity– especially affects young employees, both in Rhône-Alpes and France. Far from being limited to a transition period, this precarization persists throughout the social and professional lives of important segments of the working class. Relying on the Déclarations Annuelles de Données Sociales (DADS), we have underlined the restructuring by age and sex groups and showed regional trends as well as the distinctive sector features of employment relationship precarization. These three elements – age, sex and economic sector– are the key elements of this thesis on the precarization of youth employment and its increasing segmentation. In such a process, the sectoral and generational renewal of employment relationships combine to drive a full recomposition of service-sector wage-economies. In a period of near-general wage stagnation, youth employment is becoming increasingly precarious due to the rise of low wages, job insecurity and low career prospects in the same sector. This precarization of youth employment is both a consequence and a driving factor of the sector recomposition of employment. The concentration of young people in emerging branches reproduces the sexual segmentation of employment. This sector and generational recomposition of employment reinforces age segmentation : traditional sectors, with more decent conditions, dominated by an ageing labour force ; expanding areas of precarization, notably concerning young people; whereas strategic sectors, where employees are not so young, showing high internal inequalities. Finally, some employees – mostly women– remain locked up in low wages and job insecurity even after ageing out of the younger period cohorts. It is the precariousness as horizon throughout their (absence of) career
La economía de Rhône-Alpes tiende a especializarse en la construcción y en diversas actividades de servicios – consultoría y asesoría, salud y la acción social, comercio, hoteles y restaurantes, y servicios operativos o auxiliares, principalmente. Además, la precarización del empleo – entendida como combinación persistente de bajos salarios e inestabilidad de los puestos– afecta, tanto en Francia como en Rhône-Alpes, sobre todo a los y las jóvenes empleadas. Lejos de limitarse a un período transitorio, esta precarización se expande en la vida social y profesional de partes importantes de la población trabajadora. Mediante la observación de las Déclarations Annuelles de Données Sociales (DADS) hemos analizado la recomposición de las relaciones entres los grupos de edad y los sexos, evidenciando las tendencias generales de la región y las particularidades sectoriales de las relaciones salariales segmentadas. Estos tres elementos – edad, sexo y sector económico– estructuran esta tesis sobre la precarización del empleo juvenil y la creciente segmentación por edad y por sexo. En este proceso se combinan la renovación sectorial y la substitución generacional de las relaciones de empleo, que operan como vector de recomposición integral de las economías salariales de servicios.En un periodo de estancamiento de una parte importante de las remuneraciones salariales, el empleo juvenil se precariza por la proliferación de bajos salarios, puestos inestables y de baja perspectiva de trayectoria laboral ascendente interna al sector. Esta precarización del empleo juvenil es a la vez consecuencia y motor de la reestructuración sectorial del empleo. La concentración de jóvenes en actividades emergentes reproduce opciones de empleo altamente segmentadas por sexo. La recomposición sectorial y generacional del empleo fortalece el proceso de segmentación por la edad : por un lado se observan sectores tradicionales – con condiciones más decentes– en proceso de envejecimiento; por otro, se consolidan zonas de precarización, especialmente juveniles, en expansión; y, así mismo, constatamos la existencia de una serie de sectores estratégicos, con empleados y empleadas no tan jóvenes, y con desigualdades internas fuertes. Por último, señalar que algunos empleados – y, sobre todo, empleadas– permanecen tras el periodo juvenil atrapadas en bajos salarios e inestabilidad contractual. Es la precariedad-horizonte a lo largo de su (ausencia de) carrera
Rhône-Alpeetako ekonomiak eraikuntzan eta zenbait zerbitzu jardueratan espezializatzeko joera hartu du azken hamarkadetan – aholkularitza eta laguntza zerbitzuak, osasun eta gizarte ekintza, merkataritza, ostatuak eta jatetxeak, eta zerbitzu osagarriak dira nagusiak. Era berean, enpleguaren prekarizazioak – soldata baxuen eta lanpostu ezegonkorren luzaroko egoeren konbinazioa – gazte langileei eragiten die bereziki, bai Frantzian, eta bai Rhône-Alpeetan ere. Enpleguaren prekarizazioa behin-behineko trantsizio egoera izan beharrean, langileriaren adar anitzen bizi baldintzetan hedatzen da. Déclarations Annuelles de Données Sociales (DADS) datu basearen bidez, adin eta sexu taldeen arteko berrosaketa aztertu dugu, eskualdeko joera orokorrak eta soldatapeko hainbat sektoreren lan harreman segmentatuen berezitasunak nabarmentzeko. Hiru elementu hauek dira – adina, sexua eta sektore ekonomikoa– gazte enpleguaren prekarizazioa eta handitzen doan adin eta sexuaren araberako lan harremanen segmentazioari buruzko tesi honen egiturazko osagaiak , soldatapeko zerbitzu ekonomien berrosaketa integralaren ardatz direnak, sektoreen berrikuntza eta belaunaldien arteko ordezkapenaren bidez gauzatzen dena.Soldatapeko langileentzako errenta igoera nabarmenik egon ez den epean, gazteen enpleguak prekarizatu dira, soldata baxuko lanpostu ezegonkorren ugaltzearen bidez eta sektore barruko ibilbidea egiteko aukerak murriztuta. Gazteen enpleguaren prekarizazioa sektore berrosaketaren abiapuntua zein motorra da. Gazteen kontzentrazioak jarduera nagusi berrietan sexuaren araberako segmentatutako enplegu aukerak birsortzen ditu. Era berean, enpleguaren sektore eta belaunaldien arteko berrosaketak adinaren araberako segmentazioa indartzen du : baldintza hobeak dituzten sektore tradizionalen zaharkitzea, prekarizazio guneen hedapena – bereziki gazteentzat–, eta, azkenik, ez hain gazteek osatutako sektore estrategikoak, non barne desorekak diren nagusi. Bukatzeko, zenbait langile, batez ere emakumeak, gazte garaiaren ondoren soldata baxuko enplegu ezegonkorretan gatibu geratzen direla egiaztatu da, eta prekarizazio-etorkizuna duen karrera (eza) sortzen du

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Komanyane, Kelebogile. "Knowledge management practices in the public sector in Botswana." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6177_1322810593.

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The study investigates knowledge management (KM) practices in the public sector in Botswana. The underlying premise is that good KM leads to efficiency and effectiveness. The study assesses the KM practices in the government departments by means of a questionnaire survey of senior managers. The assumption is that the corporate manager/directors will know what knowledge is there, how knowledge is created, shared and flow in the organization. The main question of this study is whether the Botswana public sector is practicing KM. The study explores the problem and questions by means of a questionnaire survey amongst 43 departmental directors of the Government of Botswana. The overall finding is that information management rather than KM is being practiced. The respondents, senior public service managers, certainly recognize the value of and the need for KM. But, they themselves identify certain weaknesses, such as lack of knowledge of KM among their staff, weak communication inside and across the departments, lack of policy and lack of good KM systems.

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12

Siniscalco, Domenico. "Structural change, service sector employment and foreign trade in the Italian economy, 1960-1985." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305790.

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13

Bezbaruah, Supriti. "Gender inequalities in India's new service economy : a case study of the banking sector." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/2479.

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This study explores women’s experiences of work and employment in the banking sector in India, addressing the paucity of research in this area. The research assesses how the assumptions of theories on gender, work and employment, primarily based on empirical experiences from the Global North can be interpreted in the Indian context. It argues that experiences of gender inequalities are geographically reconfigured in the Indian banking sector through the interplay between gendered organisational practices, local cultural discourses on femininity, institutional factors, particularly government laws and organisational structures. The research draws upon a case study of the banking sector in the National Capital Region (NCR), one of India’s largest consumer financial centres, combining a questionnaire survey of 156 female bank employees with 74 qualitative interviews with female and male bank employees in three types of banks. The study uncovers how gender discrimination, albeit covertly, is widespread in Indian banks. Gendered organisational practices create universal constraints for Indian women’s career development. This study, however, reveals how local cultural discourses on femininity, emphasising respectability and family values lead to distinctively Indian patterns of gender inequalities in the banking sector serving to highlight the intersection of gender with class identities. Crucially, the comparison of government-owned, foreign-owned and Indian private banks demonstrates that local cultural norms and gendered organisational practices are mediated through different organisational structures to create varied experiences of gender discrimination for women in the different banks. Finally, the study provides new conceptual perspectives for addressing the limitations of existing theorisations on gender, work and employment. It develops the concept of ‘family-based femininity’ highlighting the influence of the family in shaping the nature of gender inequalities in the workplace. Where previous typologies focused on resistance in the workplace, this research introduces the notion of ‘compliance in the workplace’, whereby women passively conform to gendered organisational practices, with little intention to create change.

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Pereira, Marcílio Zanelli. "Interação do setor de serviços com os demais setores da economia: uma análise de insumo-produto (2000-2005)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1663.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Durante vários séculos, o setor de serviços foi considerado improdutivo por grande parte dos autores. Sua importância começou a se tornar percebida a partir de meados do século XX, quando sua participação, em termos de Produto Interno Bruto e emprego, aumentou nos diversos países do mundo. Apesar de representar mais de dois terços do PIB brasileiro, alguns autores têm questionado a forma com que se é mensurado a participação dos setores, não se sabendo qual é a verdadeira contribuição que o setor de serviços traz para os outros setores da economia. Utilizando a metodologia de insumoproduto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo medir a real participação dos setores de serviços na economia. Para isto, algumas atividades pertencentes aos setores de serviços das matrizes insumo-produto dos anos de 2000 e 2005 foram desagregadas. Desta forma, uma contribuição deste trabalho é a possibilidade de analisar o setor de forma mais detalhada, ou seja, com atividades que apesar de terem significativas contribuições no Produto, não têm seus fluxos inter e intra setoriais divulgados de forma desagregada. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foram utilizados os dados da Pesquisa Anual de Serviços (PAS) e para que a matriz insumo-produto ficasse consistente, foi aplicado o método RAS. A matriz desagregada foi composta de 65 setores da economia, sendo 24 setores de serviços. A partir da matriz foi possível calcular os multiplicadores de produto e emprego da economia brasileira para os anos de 2000 e 2005, além dos encadeamentos produtivos. Observou-se que os setores de serviços apresentaram alta capacidade de geração de emprego e baixa capacidade na geração do produto. Destaca-se também, a inexistência de setores de serviços como setor-chave para a economia para os dois anos pesquisados. Os setores de serviços mostraram ter, em grande parte, um baixo poder de compra e venda de insumos para o restante dos setores da economia, e na maioria das vezes, a compra e venda se dá de forma concentrada em poucos setores. Percebeu-se que os elos dentro dos setores de serviços se mostraram abaixo da média da economia, enquanto os elos entre os setores industriais mostraram-se muito fortes. Quando são hipoteticamente retirados os setores de serviços da economia, observou-se que estes impactam em maior quantidade no produto dos setores industriais, mostrando a importância que os setores de serviços apresentam na economia, principalmente, para os setores industriais.
For centuries, the service sector was considered unproductive by most authors. However, in the mid-twentieth century, when its share in terms of GDP and employment increased in several countries, its importance began to be perceived. Despite the fact that this sector represents more than two thirds of Brazil's GDP, some authors have been questioning how is measured the share of sectors, as it is not clear which is the real contribution that the service sector provides to other sectors in the economy. Using the input-output methodology, this study aims to measure the real participation of the service sectors in the economy. For that, some activities of the service sectors in the input-output matrices for the years 2000 and 2005 were disaggregated. Thus, a contribution of this paper is the possibility to analyze the service sector in a more detailed form, ie, using activities that does not have their inter-and intra-sectoral flows disclosed in disaggregated form even though they have significant contributions in the Product. To achieve this goal, we used data from the Pesquisa Anual de Serviços (PAS) and so that the input-output matrix stay consistent, we applied the RAS method. The disaggregated matrix was composed of 65 sectors of the economy, 24 being service sectors. From the matrix it was possible to calculate, for the Brazilian economy, the output and employment multipliers, and the production chain for the years 2000 and 2005. It was observed that service sectors have had a high employment creation capability and a low product generation capacity. It is worth mentioning the absence of service sectors as key sector in the economy at the two years surveyed. Most of the service sectors have a low power of sale and purchase of inputs from the remaining sectors of the economy, and in most cases, buying and selling are concentrated in few sectors. It was shown that the links within the service sectors were below the economy's average, while the links between the industrial sectors were very strong. When the service sectors were hypothetically removed from the economy, it was noted that their impacts were higher in the industrial sectors' product, proving the importance of service sectors to the economy, mainly to the industrial sectors.

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Maxwell, Alistair. "The spatial economic impact of an airport migration on the business services sector." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80473.

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The movement of a major industry to, from or within a region has always had an impact on the overall spatial economy of a region. We study the impact from the perspective of related service-oriented business that form part of this spatial economy. This study specifically considers the impact that the movement of a regional airport in South Africa has on the ability of the business services sector to grow its contribution to GDP. We examines if the movement of the airport to another location has had an impact on GDP growth within sub-regions around the old and new location, as well as what underlying economic factors may contribute most to growing the sectors contribution to GDP
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted

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16

Karl, Estupinan Claudio. "Three essays on the economics of the postal sector." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209834.

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This dissertation contributes to the literature and current discussions on the European postal markets and the universal service obligations (USO). It consists of three independent chapters.

In chapter one, we investigate the consumers' preferences for various kinds of postal services. As such, we begin by reviewing the market and regulatory conditions for Europe and for our case study, Belgium. Then using data provided by the incumbent provider, the Belgian post (Bpost), we estimate demand price elasticities. The data comprises customer transactional information on letter mail, direct mail, parcels & express services, press delivery and value added services for the 2008-2009 period. These categories constitute not only the important lines of services that Bpost offers to its clients but also the main segments that constitute the whole Belgian postal market. As such, and using standard methods, we estimate for each service an equation that explains demand by prices, product varieties (i.e. mixes or combinations of volume, weight, priority and destination, inter alia), income, regulation proxies and other socioeconomic variables. The estimated price elasticities for regulated and partially regulated services are around -1.1, whereas for unregulated segments they fluctuate between -2.1 and -2.8. The lowest price elasticity is obtained for direct mail services (-1.0); the highest ones are associated with value added services (-2.1) and registered mail (-3.3). Price elasticities may be influenced by the cyclical effects during the period of analysis. Therefore, elasticities are higher when compared with the empirical evidence obtained for other countries and through the various methodologies applied over the last decades. The fact that technological substitutes, such as expenditures on telephony and internet access for daily and administrative mail services and, radio and television advertising for direct mail services, could not be accounted for (because there were no data available) may however be considered as a major limitation for the scope of our results.

In the second chapter, we explore theoretically the effects of the USO on unregulated markets. In particular, we are interested in investigating its welfare effects when the provision of services cannot be technologically separated. We present a model in which there is an incumbent who provides two services: a universal service and a non-USO service, the latter opened to competition. This is the case of letter mail and direct (or bulk) mail, services which have quite different purposes and regulatory frameworks (i.e. the former is fully regulated whereas the latter is liberalized under the current European Internal Market framework), but are jointly produce at some stages of the postal value chain. The USO is simplified to two dimensions, affordability and quality, implemented as a price cap and a minimum quality standard (MQS) for the provision of letter mail services. The latter involves the technological aspects that we are interested in. We find that the definition of the USO plays an important role in organizing markets that are open to competition. When it imposes few quality requirements (low MQS), the incumbent is not cost efficient enough to provide the high-quality variant of bulk mail, allowing its competitors to cream-skim the segment. However, because there are cost economies, the firm's participation in the segment yields a higher average quality of mail services at lower prices. When the USO is too comprehensive (high MQS), the incumbent exhibits large cost economies that ensure a dominant position in the provision of bulk mail services. Consumers are worse off as competition induces too much service differentiation in order to make profitable the provision. Relaxing the definition of the USO mitigates the competitive advantage of the USP and so, yields improvements in welfare. In the absence of access costs, firms will find profitable to participate in the bulk mail segment. However, foreclosure happens if the USO induces the incumbent to exhibit significant fixed costs. Therefore, the USP may end up as the sole supplier of bulk mail services if the definition of the USO imposes too many quality requirements (high MQS). In that case, the authority must balance the welfare gains of defining USO with the welfare losses of the consumers of the contested service.

Finally, in the third chapter we consider the ownership aspect of the provision of universal services as an incentive to introduce competition. One can further segment the provision between services for customers located in high-cost areas and services for customers located in low-cost areas. Additionally, under the current EU legislation, the supply is divided between upstream activities (e.g. collection and sorting) and downstream activities (i.e. delivery). The provision of upstream activities in high-cost areas remains in hands of the incumbent firm or the owner of the downstream (delivery) network. The upstream provision in low-cost areas is open to competition, but a retailer may be vertically integrated/separated or legally unbundled with the downstream firm. Legal unbundling means, in our model, that the downstream firm and one upstream firm located in the low-cost area belong legally to the same entity entitled to all profits, whom does not have full control rights over the firms' decisions. That is to say, upstream activities and the downstream services will be managed separately under the same ownership. In this framework we analyze the firm's boundaries in terms of competition development and welfare. We implement two criteria to answer questions like, does vertical separation promotes competition (entry of firms) while covers a larger demand than vertical integration? Does vertical integration demand less public funds to cover demand? Does legal unbundling is worse than ownership separation to promote competition? The first criterion is the probability of entry (of the potential upstream firm), which we determine for each modes of ownership. The second criterion is the cost of public funds. It is implemented by defining a loss function as the difference between the expected consumer surplus when the downstream firm chooses an access fee that maximizes its profits and the consumer surplus when access is priced at marginal cost. The use of both criteria let us conclude that efficient entry occurs when the downstream firm is vertically separated or legally unbundled of the retailer providing services in the low-cost area. However, it is under legal unbundling that the access charge takes its lowest value. The highest cost of public transfers is obtained when firms are vertically separated, but the lowest one is attained when firms are legally unbundled. Therefore legal unbundling constitutes the preferred organizational form to induce competition and to reduce the cost of public funds.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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17

Beard, Jonathan Ben. "Economic restructuring and the geography of UK private service sector industrial relations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344053.

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Al, Khattab S. A. "The impact of information technology on customer service in the Jordanian banking sector." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14879/.

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During the last two decades the bank marketing literature has been characterised by a concern for service quality and information technology (IT) within the industry. IT and customer service are relatively new `strategic weapons' for banks, both being concerned with the deployment of information. The two concepts relate to the building and maintenance of long-term profitable relationships between the customer and the bank. With increasing competition it has become necessary for banks to keep ahead of rivals by differentiating themselves and IT is seen as an opportunity to achieve a sustainable `competitive advantage', especially in terms of improving service quality. In the light of this, the aim of this study is to investigate the influence of IT on the quality of service in the Jordanian banking sector. To accomplish the study objectives a questionnaire survey was conducted with two independent samples (bank customers and branch managers). The empirical work involved the development of questionnaires which were used for data collection and the study sample consisted of 550 bank customers and 67 branch managers. Initially, the data in the questionnaires were analysed to provide a general description of the respondents' characteristics and their perceptions of individual variables of service quality, IT-based service, customer satisfaction / loyalty and bank selection criteria. The research hypotheses were tested using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Spearman Correlation Coefficient and t-tests. The main results of the study show a significant and positive relationship between IT and customer service. The more IT is used, the better the perception of service quality be. The results also give another strong indication that IT is playing a crucial role, with regard to bank selection criteria. Additionally, the findings revealed that the least important factor in influencing customers' choice of their banks is higher interest on savings and deposits, which is strongly related to religion and cultural background. On the other hand, it has been found that the most important factors in motivating the adoption of electronic channels by customers are time-saving, followed by the convenience of these channels. The study suggests several recommendations in order to increase the effectiveness of IT in Jordanian banks and improve their strategic and `competitive positions'. Finally the thesis ends by setting out an agenda for further work.

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Yeo, Yukyung. "Regulating China's industrial economy a comparative case study of auto and telecom service sectors /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7609.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Government and Politics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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黃少軍 and Shaojun Huang. "Service sector development, structural change, and economic growth: international experriences and implicationsfor China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241815.

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Huang, Shaojun. "Service sector development, structural change, and economic growth international experriences and implications for China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23000971.

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Medeiros, Bruno Leão. "Diferencial de salários e produtividade no setor de serviços brasileiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9500.

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This paper provides new information about inter-industry wage di§erentials in Brazil. Using data from the National Survey Sample of Households, we can see that from 1983 to 1995 the relative average wage of the service sector compared to the goods sector decreased, whereas from 1995 to 2007 it increased at a higher level than the previous decrease. After controlling for a variety of work characteristics, we can still see the positive evolution of rel- ative ages in the service sector. We conclude that this development has some explanations: the period of economic growth and stabilization that started after 1994 generated a positive income e§ect, and the service sector beneÖted more from it. Also, the structural transfor- mation that the developed countries already went through still hasn¥t Önished in Brazil. That probably helped improving relative wages in the service sector and it¥s expected the continuation of this process, so as the structural transformation evolves inter-industry wage di§erentials will converge.
Este artigo fornece novas informações sobre os diferenciais de salário inter-indústria no Brasil. Usando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PN AD), podemos ver que de 1983 a 1995 o salário médio relativo do setor de serviços diminuiu em comparação ao setor de bens, enquanto que no período de 1995-2007 aumentou a um nível superior à redução anterior. Após controlar por uma variedade de características do trabalho, ainda podemos ver a evolução positiva do salário relativo no setor de serviços. Conc1uimos que este desenvolvimento tem algumas explicações: o período de crescimento econômico e estabilização que se iniciou após 1994 gerou um efeito renda positivo, e o setor de serviços beneficiou-se mais com isso que outros setores. Além disso, a transformação estrutural pela qual os países desenvolvidos já passaram ainda não terminou no Brasil. Isso provavelmente ajudou a melhorar os salários relativos no setor de serviços. Como ê esperado que esse processo continue, a evoluçao do processo de transformação estrutural deve fazer com que os diferenciais de salários inter-indústria convirjam.

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Santos, Carolina Câmara. "Determinantes do diferencial de renda do setor de serviços do estado de São Paulo : uma análise cross-section para o ano de 2006." Pós-Graduação em Economia, 2018. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/9456.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The central idea of this program is to analyze the determinants of income and the salary return of the service sector for the state of São Paulo for the year 2006. The Human Capital Theory For this, an analysis of the offer and analysis of data on the professional of the individual to raise wages. An idea would be analyzed in Brazil as a whole, due to the conclusion of the progress of the research process, by choosing to analyze the state of São Paulo, the Ministry of Labor (2016) is the state that most uses in the services sector. In the empirical analysis we opted for the use of micro-data in cross-sectional regression. The data obtained in the scope of work were taken from the Annual Social Information Relation (RAIS), filtered for the services sector of the state of São Paulo in the year 2006. They were detained in 16 million years, with the following characteristics: sex male and female; employed in the services sector of the state of São Paulo; annual income without main work other than zero, level of education and age line. The results obtained in this study show the need for education and work experience as a way to obtain an increase in income. It was verified that workers with higher education receive higher remuneration than those with lower education levels. It was also verified that the sections of the service sector that obtained the highest averages of gains (positive effects) in relation to the subsections that comprise them of the state of São Paulo were: Public administration, defense and social security, Administrative activities, Transport, warehousing and mail, electricity and gas and education.
A ideia central deste trabalho é analisar os determinantes dos rendimento e o retorno salarial do setor de serviços para o estado de São Paulo para o ano de 2006. A Teoria do Capital Humano considera a escolaridade e a experiência como variáveis relevantes na explicação dos rendimentos. Por esta ótica, a análise da oferta e da demanda permite identificar a importância da qualificação profissional do indivíduo para a elevação dos salários. A ideia seria analisar o Brasil como um todo, devido à limitação do tempo para o desdobramento da pesquisa, optou-se por analisar o estado de São Paulo, que segundo o Ministério do Trabalho (2016) é o estado que mais emprega no setor de serviços. Na análise empírica optou-se pela utilização de microdados em regressão cross-section. Os microdados utilizados neste trabalho foram retirados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), filtrado para o setor de serviços do estado de São Paulo para o ano 2006. Foram analisados cerca de 16 milhões indivíduos ocupados. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho evidenciam a necessidade da educação e da experiência no trabalho como forma de obter incremento nos rendimentos. Comprovou-se que os trabalhadores com maior escolaridade recebem uma remuneração maior do que os que têm menor escolaridade. Comprovou-se também que as seções do setor de serviço que obtiveram maiores médias de ganhos (efeitos positivos) em relação às subseções que as compõem do estado de São Paulo foram: Administração pública, defesa e seguridade social, Atividades administrativas, Transporte, armazenagem e correio, Eletricidade e gás e educação.
São Cristóvão, SE

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Kite, Grace. "Linked in : the software and IT services sector in India's economic development, 1980 to 2011." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14247/.

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Research on the use of information technology (IT) in production in the developed world demonstrates that its impact on both economic growth and productivity has been substantial. Despite this, literature on the potential for India's IT industry to bring about similar outcomes by selling IT within the country is resoundingly pessimistic. The most important finding of the research described here is that this outlook is far too gloomy. A newly assembled time series of the IT sector's sales to Indian companies, or in other words the sector's forward linkages, shows that these have been substantial for some time. Since 2005-06 they have also been growing significantly faster. An original econometric investigation into the impact of this ongoing investment finds significant increases in both total factor productivity and output in the firms and sectors that make up the sector's domestic clients. These findings beg a question: If published analyses imply a dismal future for the IT sector's forward linkages, why have domestic purchases from the sector, in fact, been growing so quickly? The research project included a programme of in-depth interviews undertaken in the field. This contributed another major finding. That is that IT has become appropriate for production in India as a result of a match between attributes of the technology and attributes of the country's society and markets. The research described here was not limited to an investigation of the sector's forward linkages. It also included an extensive survey of backwards and other linkages from the sector to the rest of the Indian economy. The thesis concludes that these too are now substantial and that the IT industry can therefore be described as a leading sector.

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Windahl, Charlotta. "Integrated Solutions in the Capital Goods Sector : Exploring innovation, service and network perspectives." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Mangement and Engineering, Linköpings universitet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8869.

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Dewitt, Sunita. "Second and third generation South Asian service sector entrepreneurship in Birmingham, United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1636/.

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This thesis explores second and third generation South Asian entrepreneurship in Britain. To date the majority of studies have focused on understanding entrepreneurship by first generation South Asian immigrants who established businesses in traditional sectors of the economy, frequently as a result of „push‟ and „pull‟ factors. This thesis extends the work on South Asian entrepreneurship to second and third generation South Asian entrepreneurs. These generations are detached from immigrant status and the majority have been assimilated into British culture and economy, they are the British/Asians. This thesis explores the driving forces and strategies deployed by these succeeding generation of South Asians in setting up businesses in Birmingham‟s service sector economy. A framework is developed to understand South Asian entrepreneurship that consists of four elements: individual‟s driving forces, financial input, support networks and market opportunities. These elements consist of factors such as background which involves personal attributes including encouragement from parents to obtain educational credentials; inspiration from entrepreneurial family networks; and the desire to achieve status and flexibility; support networks explores the role of co-ethnic, community-based and business associations. And finally, market opportunities include the deployment of specific strategies by these entrepreneurs in locating markets for their products and services. A significant component of this is the way these generations utilise their ethnicity and duality not only to target clients and widen markets but also innovate their goods and services through fusing together aspects of Asianess and Britishness to create „hybrid products‟ which are intended to penetrate new markets.

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Abguillerm, Díaz Carolina Cherie. "La satisfacción en los centros de atención secundaria en el sector de salud pública." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108447.

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28

Grassano, Nicola <1982&gt. "Innovation and economic performance of the firms in the service sector: relevant issues and open problems." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4782/.

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This thesis is a collection of essays related to the topic of innovation in the service sector. The choice of this structure is functional to the purpose of single out some of the relevant issues and try to tackle them, revising first the state of the literature and then proposing a way forward. Three relevant issues has been therefore selected: (i) the definition of innovation in the service sector and the connected question of measurement of innovation; (ii) the issue of productivity in services; (iii) the classification of innovative firms in the service sector. Facing the first issue, chapter II shows how the initial width of the original Schumpeterian definition of innovation has been narrowed and then passed to the service sector form the manufacturing one in a reduce technological form. Chapter III tackle the issue of productivity in services, discussing the difficulties for measuring productivity in a context where the output is often immaterial. We reconstruct the dispute on the Baumol’s cost disease argument and propose two different ways to go forward in the research on productivity in services: redefining the output along the line of a characteristic approach; and redefining the inputs, particularly analysing which kind of input it’s worth saving. Chapter IV derives an integrated taxonomy of innovative service and manufacturing firms, using data coming from the 2008 CIS survey for Italy. This taxonomy is based on the enlarged definition of “innovative firm” deriving from the Schumpeterian definition of innovation and classify firms using a cluster analysis techniques. The result is the emergence of a four cluster solution, where firms are differentiated by the breadth of the innovation activities in which they are involved. Chapter 5 reports some of the main conclusions of each singular previous chapter and the points worth of further research in the future.

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Wadu, Mesthrige Jayanthe. "Impact of service sector on office space construction and use the case of Hong Kong /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43895335.

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Wong, Po-chun Rosita, and 黃寶珍. "A study of household domestic service: the impact of social changes on property management service in the privatehousing sector." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968508.

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Alpermann, Björn. "Economic transformation and state capacity : the case of the Chinese cotton sector /." [S.l. : s.n], 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015743977&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Rust, Urszula Anna. "Principles for mainstreaming gender equality in the South African rural water services sector." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. https://etd.sun.ac.za/jspui/handle/10019/706.

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溫國偉 and Kwok-wai Wan. "Comparison on the efficiency between private and public sectors in providing quality housing services." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894823.

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Mingiri, Kapingura Forget. "The relationship between financial sector development and savings mobilisation in South Africa : an empirical study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97430.

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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African financial sector is developed by world standards, surpassing those of other emerging and developed countries. However, despite all this development in the financial sector, the country has low levels of savings. This contradicts some of the available literature which explains the link between financial development and savings. Based on this background, the study empirically examines the relationship between financial development and savings mobilization in South Africa, employing the Johansen cointegration test for the period 1980 to 2012. Based on the lifecycle hypothesis, a model linking savings and its determinants was specified. The empirical results revealed that there is a long-term relationship between savings and the other variables used in the model. The different measures which were employed to measure financial development were found to be positive and significant, implying that financial sector development impacts positively on savings. An interesting observation from the empirical results is the negative relationship between the rate of interest and savings which implies that South Africans are net borrowers as the income effect surpasses the substitution effect. This in part explains the low levels of savings being experienced by the country since an increase in the rate of interest results in people paying more to service their debt and hence a reduction in savings.

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Peskar-Johnson, Cheryl L. "An analysis of service sector growth effects on income inequality a comparison model of metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas of the Appalachia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1959.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 61 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-50).

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MacNeil, Patricia M. "On the shop floor, a case study of women workers and their experiences with economic restructuring in the service sector." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ57307.pdf.

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Amorim, Andressa Nunes. "Economia solidária: princípios e contradições." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6486.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andressa Nunes Amorim.pdf: 957515 bytes, checksum: f9ba616eb2b762fab65565e5a0378e62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24
O propósito desta dissertação é analisar se as relações sociais atípicas da economia solidária convergem para a estruturação de um novo modo-de-produção não capitalista. Para isso o procedimento metodológico utilizado foi a pesquisa bibliografia a livros, periódicos, teses, dissertações, coletâneas de textos, além de dados de instituições oficiais como Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Dessa forma, buscou-se o estudo do movimento cooperativista europeu do século XIX e sua relação com o surgimento da Economia Solidária no Brasil, além da apresentação das diversas concepções teóricas de economia solidária marcadas por imprecisões e incompletudes, passando pelas contradições dos princípios norteadores da autogestão, da solidariedade e na ação concreta, sua relação com o do terceiro setor. A partir desse conjunto de elementos passou-se à análise da economia solidária como meio para a estruturação de um novo modo-de-produção não capitalista, suas limitações e as potencialidades da economia solidária enquanto espaço de formação política e construtora de uma nova sociabilidade. Observou-se que, ao longo da década de 1990 e, sobretudo nos anos 2000, houve uma explosão de novos grupos de economia solidária no Brasil, surgidos como conseqüência da crise estrutural do emprego, causado pela necessidade de elevação da remuneração do capital. Nesse cenário inspirados por princípios de solidariedade e autogestão os empreendimentos econômicos solidários vivenciam relações contraditórias seja diante de seus próprios princípios, seja pela ligação estreita com o terceiro setor através das entidades de assessoria e fomento, seja pela defesa de uma proposta anticapitalista somada à vivência na economia de mercado. Trata-se, portanto, de uma análise que considera os limites e as possibilidades da economia solidária a partir de suas contradições e sua potencialidade como motor de uma transformação sistêmica
The purpose of this essay is to analyze whether atypical social relations of solidarity economy converge for structuring a new mode of capitalist production. For this the methodological procedure used was the bibliography search books, journals, theses, dissertations, collections of texts, plus data from official institutions like the Ministry of labour and Employment and the Brazilian Institute of geography and statistics. Thus, empirical study of the European cooperative movement of the 19th century and its relationship with the emergence of solidarity economy in Brazil, besides the presentation of the various theoretical conceptions of solidarity economy marked by inaccuracies and incompletudes, passing by the contradictions of the guiding principles of self-management, solidarity and action, its relationship with the third sector. From this set of elements passed to the analysis of economic solidarity as a means of structuring a new mode of capitalist production, its limitations and potential of solidarity economy training policy and construction of a new sociability. It was noted that, throughout the 1990s and, in particular during the years 2000, there was an explosion of new groups of solidarity economy in Brazil, arising as a consequence of structural employment crisis, caused by the need to increase return on capital. In this scenario inspired by principles of solidarity and economic solidarity enterprises self-management experience conflicting relations is facing its own principles, whether through close liaison with the third sector through the Advisory and promotion entities, whether for the defence of a proposal anticapitalista combined with the experience in the market economy. This is an analysis that considers the limits and possibilities of solidarity economy from its contradictions and its potentiality as systemic transformation engine

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Shi, Jiachen. "The development of strategic human resource management in the Chinese financial services sector : understanding the roles of external economic factors and the state." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22338/.

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The Chinese economy has experienced reform, rapid growth and a significant slowing down period over the last thirty years. During this time, the Chinese approach to people management has also shifted, with some observers suggesting a shift from personnel management into strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). In many studies of SHRM, economic factors have been recognised to be essential external environmental forces which contribute to HRM strategy formulation (Schuler, 1992; Truss and Gratton, 1994, Boxall and Purcell, 2011). Under this argument, financial markets and the economic development of many countries have changed, the social and political environment has also been forced to adapt, and as a result, work, employment and HRM system of firms have been required to adjust to these changes. This thesis examines the specific effects of Chinese economic development on employers’ HR decisions, something which has been neglected in the SHRM literature to date. Employers in China, as elsewhere, may adopt different approaches to HRM development. For some, HRM systems in recent years have been built up from a low base, whilst others have adjusted well-established existing HRM approaches. Other employers have explored or implement radically different or ‘new’ approaches. These approaches can result in contradictions, tensions and resistance, due to differences between the rhetoric of seamless adjustment to ‘strategic’ HRM and the reality of what happens. All of these elements of HRM adjustment are underexplored in debates to date. The Chinese case is a particularly interesting lens through which to explore these under-researched issues due to its unique management contexts and the richness on social and economic transformation. The development of SHRM in China is ripe for exploration regarding how organisational HRM strategy does or does not supports operations. The key contribution of the thesis is in its examination of ‘fit’ and ‘non-fit’ of SHRM in Chinese firms. The thesis argues that changes in the external environment in China have led to different rather than uniform adjustments in HRM strategy and practices in individual firms. Adjustments that are often presented as necessary, being influenced or required by the state, or seen to be part of a ‘best practice’ approach to SHRM may or may not actually be implemented effectively in practice. However, even where effective implementation does not occur, resultant HR systems may still contribute to the growth and development of organisations. In this thesis, this examination of fit and non-fit is explored from the viewpoint of employers in the context of economic development in a transitional economy. The thesis also provides insights into how and why contradictions in business strategy and development are significant, and in doing so, examines the efficiency of HR systems in China in terms of reacting to change. The empirical strategy for the research in this thesis involves qualitative research methods. A single case study of the Chinese financial service sector with multiple firms is used. Fifty-nine semi-structured interviews are conducted. The interviews were designed to explore employers’ responses to the external economic environment. Interviews were carried out with policy makers of government institutions, executive and general managers and HR directors from financial firms including state-owned and joint-stock banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions. The data generated from this research explores the drivers and effects of changes to HRM systems in two ways. First, the research identifies factors and events that cause concerns for firms, or which demand changes. Secondly, the thesis explores how these concerns or imperatives for change have, or have not been addressed and implemented in organisations. The findings reveal that specific economic development policies and changing economic cycles are recognized by employers, causing them concerns or compelling them to alter their skills mix or the number of workers they require. Differences in perceptions and approaches between state-owned firms and joint-stock firms are found to be significant. Some external factors which impact upon HRM strategy, such as political environmental factors lead firms to adjust their organisational governance systems and business strategy. The adjustment of specific HRM practices to external changes can be seen mostly in changes to recruitment and training strategy. The fit between business strategy and other HR practices, notably payroll systems and performance appraisals during different economic cycle stages, is less clear. However, even where ‘non-fit’ occurs, HR systems are still considered as working supportively to the growth of organisations. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to the theory of SHRM by developing a deeper understanding of fit and by illuminating the idea that actively choosing ‘non-fit’ at both strategic and implementation level can enhance the effectiveness of organisational operation under certain circumstances. It also contributes to the theoretical framework of SHRM through introducing the taxonomy of the role of economic factors and the state in China.

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Masuku, Gabriel Mthokozisi Sifiso. "Harmonization of SACU Trade Policies in the Tourism & Hospitality Service Sectors." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1740_1280359750.

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The general objective of the proposed research is to do a needs analysis for the tourism and hospitality industries of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Swaziland. This will be followed by an alignment of these industries with the provisions of the General Agreement of Trade in Services, commonly known as GATS, so that a Tourism and Hospitality Services Charter may be moulded that may be used uniformly throughout SACU. The specific objectives of the research are: To analyze impact assessment reports and studies conducted on the Tourism and Hospitality Industries for all five SACU member states with the aim of harmonizing standards, costs and border procedures. To ecognize SACU member states&rsquo
schedule of GATS Commitments, especially in the service sectors being investigated, by improving market access, and to recommend minimal infrastructural development levels to be attained for such sectors&rsquo
support. To make recommendations to harness the challenges faced by the said industries into a working document. To calibrate a uniformity of trade standards in these sectors that shall be used by the SACU membership. To ensure that the template is flexible enough for SACU to easily adopt and use in ongoing bilateral negotiations, for example.

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Rivas, Yarza Pedro A. "Estructuras de propiedad y gestión en el sector hotelero." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/108282.

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Esta tesis consta de tres capítulos. Los dos primeros tienen como hilo conductor las formas de gobierno de los establecimientos hoteleros. En el primero se analizan los determinantes de que un establecimiento hotelero sea gestionado en régimen de propiedad, bajo un contrato de gestión o en arrendamiento desde la perspectiva de la teoría de contratos incompletos y la visión de la empresa basada en los recursos. En el segundo se analizan las consecuencias que la fórmula contractual elegida o la pertenencia a una cadena hotelera y el tamaño de la misma, tienen sobre la propensión a innovar. El tercer capítulo de la tesis analiza un conjunto de características de seis empresas hoteleras de carácter familiar explicativas de sus posiciones de éxito empresarial en la actualidad. Para ello estudiamos su evolución histórica bajo el prisma de la visión de la empresa basada en los recursos y la literatura de empresa familiar

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Coca, Castaño Pedro. "El sector de los operadores logísticos y la externalización de servicios en una economía globalizada. El caso de la Comunidad Valenciana." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/8536.

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La globalización económica apoyada en la mejora tecnológica y el abaratamiento de los costes de transporte y las comunicaciones entre otros factores ha generado complejos sistemas de aprovisionamiento, producción y distribución de carácter mundial que exigen a la gestión del sistema logístico una elevada eficiencia, otorgándole un papel significativo en los costes finales de los productos con la consecuente influencia en la competitividad de las empresas y los territorios. Actualmente, los procesos de producción se estructuran en redes en las que cada nodo es un componente especializado de la cadena de producción. En este contexto, la externalización de servicios logísticos por parte de las empresas tiene una dimensión creciente pero con diferentes niveles de implantación según las áreas geográficas. Este hecho ha dado paso a la figura emergente del operador logístico o third party logistics provider (3PL) como aquella empresa especializada en proveer de servicios logísticos a las cadenas de aprovisionamiento, producción y distribución. Tanto en España como en la Comunidad Valenciana el nivel de externalización logística está por debajo de la media Europea y muy por debajo de la situación en los Estados Unidos, lo que invita a la investigación de sus causas. El objetivo principal de esta tesis consiste en estudiar las variables fundamentales del sector de los operadores logísticos de la Comunidad Valenciana y sus posibles correlaciones. Para ello y dado que no hay una relación directa y exhaustiva de las empresas oferentes de estos servicios se debe generar previamente una metodología que permita identificarlas y relacionarlas de forma fiable. Esta metodología se aplica al sector de los operadores logísticos en la Comunidad Valenciana. Una vez identificadas las empresas prestatarias de servicios logísticos, se estudian sus características desde dos enfoques analíticos diferentes: a) su caracterización, clasificación y jerarquización b) el análisis factorial
Coca Castaño, P. (2010). El sector de los operadores logísticos y la externalización de servicios en una economía globalizada. El caso de la Comunidad Valenciana [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/8536
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Bravo, Palacios Juan Carlos, Quiñones Paula Briones, and Yáñez Santiago Pastrián. "La implementación de la estrategia competitiva en las empresas chilenas pertenecientes a los sectores de servicios y manufacturas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2003. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108193.

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Burden, Kevin. "Zen and the art of banking : a critical review of the Chinese banking sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2669.

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Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
This study examines, broadly put, why the banking sector in China has not performed as well as other sectors of the economy when compared to international competitors, given that the economy as a whole has been performing so exceptionally at the time of writing and has been for the past two decades. The investigation examines reforms over the past twenty-six years to provide background to the issue as well as taking a view on the Chinese accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001, providing analysis as to the effects of this accession as well as viewing the undertakings China has made, in general and specific to the banking sector, in terms of World Trade Organisation membership. The methodology employed is descriptive and explanatory in nature and information is sourced from existing academic writing as well as from banking industry publications and research. The source of information for the study is mainly of a qualitative nature, including historical and historical comparative information. Furthermore, the research forms applied research in that it seeks to bring together previous basic and exploratory research in order to identify specific problems and present potential solutions. Findings in the research include the burdensome effects of state-owned enterprises on the banking sector’s largest constituents, problematic aspects of endemic non-performing loans and a culture of lapsing debt in China as well as problems regarding political interference in the banking sector by the state and local authorities. Further problems identified include reporting and supervisory concerns, taxation treatment problems and a lack of risk-based commercial lending criteria in big Chinese banks. Analysis is provided into the effect of current and past restrictions in the sector, the development and reform model China is using to globalise its banks and the 2005 investment surge into China’s bank. Recommendations are made regarding the foreign ownership of the Chinese banking sector, state recognition of bad-debts as state loans, debt-management through asset management companies and reform of the state-owned enterprises and the problems inherent to this initiative. Finally, recommendations as to the role of the regulator and the challenge of political will are highlighted.

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Guzman, Pedraza Tulia Carolina. "Comportamiento innovador y compromiso de los empleados en las empresas del sector servicios : el caso de una PYME familiar en España." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401861.

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Innovative behaviour is presented as a concept to analyse the employees¿ active participation. There is no agreement regarding the innovative behaviour definition, though it refers to an employee's intentional introduction into application of new ideas, products, processes and procedures to his or her work role, work unit or organization (Yuan & Woodman, 2010). Throughout various literature reviews, it was found that the employees¿ engagement concept has been identified as an element that promotes positive results in organization management. In this sense, it¿s possible to understand that the employee who perceives organizational support will answer with higher engagement levels, and is also better involved in the management process when his or her opinion is taken into account. Consequently, these situations lead to better organization of performance tasks and objectives. Employees¿ engagement analyses verify the harnessing that could be done from the job or role of people in the organization. At the same time, through the innovative behaviour observation it is possible to know how people apply their level of engagement, in order to participate in the innovation processes. The interaction between innovative behaviour together with employees¿ engagement lead to a combination of personal (skills), psychological (motivation) and organizational (strategy) items in order to understand the organization's innovation progress and its relationship with human resources. Finally, the people are responsible for creating and implementing ideas in the innovation process. According to the above, a question turns up: What is the role of innovative behaviour in the service design phase? Therefore, the research target calls for an innovative behavioural description of service designing tasks, focusing on a small service firm (retail trade) with a family business structure. As well as onto the employee, who is responsible for these tasks and who bears both management and ownership roles. Research is designed from an inductive methodology focus together with qualitative data, through strategy of a single case study and the implementation grounded theory as logic analysis. Based on these approach parameters, this research designed an innovative behaviour exploration tool in the form of a questionnaire (a guide on collecting data methods), regarding measurement scales which were used in former studies such as innovative behaviour, employees¿ engagement and innovation. Likewise, the dimensions of service innovations were applied: service concept, customer interaction, service delivery system/organization and technological options, in order to group the concepts of measurement scales. Data analysis was accomplished through the information's categorization and subcategorization (grounded theory). The results pointed out that the family feature of the firm led to a particular form of observation of innovative behaviour and its relationship with the employees' engagement. In this sense, innovative behaviour is influenced by employees' engagement in the form of feelings of obligation and independence (engagement - management innovation) and feeling of property and belonging (engagement - management family business).
El comportamiento innovador surge como un concepto que permite el análisis de la participación activa de los empleados en el desarrollo de sus tareas. La definición de comportamiento innovador no tiene un consenso claro, pero hace referencia a la introducción intencional del empleado en la aplicación de nuevas ideas, productos, procesos y procedimientos en el rol de trabajo, en el puesto de trabajo o en la empresa (Yuan & Woodman, 2010). En la revisión de la literatura, se observó que el concepto compromiso de los empleados ha sido identificado como un elemento que fomenta la obtención de resultados positivos en la gestión de las empresas. En este sentido, se considera que el empleado que percibe el soporte de la organización responderá con niveles más altos de compromiso y se involucrará más en el proceso de gestión cuando su opinión es tomada en cuenta. En consecuencia, estas situaciones conducen a un mejor desempeño de las tareas y objetivos de las empresas. El análisis del compromiso de los empleados verifica el aprovechamiento que se puede hacer del trabajo o del rol de las personas dentro de la empresa. Asimismo, a través de la observación del comportamiento innovador se puede establecer cómo la persona aplica su grado de compromiso con el fin de hacer parte de los procesos de innovación. La interacción del comportamiento innovador y el compromiso de los empleados permite observar una combinación de características personales (aptitudes), psicológicas (motivación) y organizativas (estrategia) para comprender el progreso de la innovación dentro de la empresa y su relación con el recurso humano. Finalmente, las personas son las encargadas de crear e implementar las ideas durante el proceso de innovación. De acuerdo con lo anterior, surge la pregunta ¿Cuál es el rol del comportamiento innovador en la fase de elaboración/diseño del servicio? Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación consiste en describir el comportamiento innovador en las tareas de diseño y/o elaboración del servicio, enfocado en el contexto de una empresa pequeña del sector servicios (comercio al detalle) de estructura y gobierno familiar, así como en el empleado encargado de realizar estas tareas, sobre quien coinciden también los roles de administrador y propietario. La investigación está diseñada bajo el enfoque de la metodología inductiva con datos cualitativos, a través de la estrategia del estudio de caso simple y la implementación de la teoría fundamentada como lógica del análisis. Con base en los parámetros de este enfoque, se elaboró una herramienta de exploración del comportamiento innovador en forma de cuestionario (guía del contenido de los métodos de recopilación de datos), teniendo en cuenta las escalas de medición utilizadas en estudios previos del comportamiento innovador, el compromiso de los empleados y la innovación. Igualmente, se aplicaron las dimensiones del estudio de la innovación en empresas del sector servicios: concepto del servicio, interacción con el cliente, sistema de gestión/suministro del servicio y tecnología, con el fin de agrupar los conceptos de las escalas de medición. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la categorización y subcategorización de la información obtenida (teoría fundamentada). Los resultados señalaron que la característica de la empresa como familiar condujo a una forma particular en la observación del fenómeno del comportamiento innovador y su relación con el compromiso de los empleados. En este sentido, la presencia del comportamiento innovador está influenciada por el compromiso bajo la forma de sentimientos de obligación e independencia (compromiso - gestión de la innovación) y de propiedad y pertenencia (compromiso - gestión de la empresa familiar).

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Vela, Bendezú Zoila Elena. "Articulación entre el gobierno local y la sociedad civil para el desarrollo de capacidades de las trabajadoras del hogar en el distrito de Magdalena del Mar." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7661.

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Las mujeres trabajadoras del hogar, que en su mayoría son pobres, migrantes y con una escasa educación, constituyen uno de los sectores más vulnerables de la sociedad peruana, debido a que tienen un restringido acceso a oportunidades de desarrollo en nuestro país. A pesar que existe una Ley de las trabajadoras del hogar - Ley N° 27986, que regula las relaciones laborales del trabajo doméstico, resulta muy limitada porque es uno de los empleos peores remunerados, con poca cobertura en seguridad social y horarios inestables de trabajo. Gran parte de este incumplimiento se debe a la poca información con la que cuentan las trabajadoras del hogar, ya que no existen canales adecuados del Estado que sean cercanos a este sector de la población. Asimismo, si existen leyes que protegen esta labor, es preciso que exista una profesionalización del trabajo doméstico para asegurar una adecuada prestación de este servicio. Es por ello que la Organización no Gubernamental (ONG) Centro de Estudios Sociales y Publicaciones (CESIP), conocida por el trabajo constante con este sector vulnerable de la población, buscó una alianza con las autoridades de la Municipalidad de Magdalena del Mar para convencerlos de incorporar la atención a trabajadoras del hogar y familias empleadoras como parte de los servicios municipales. Gracias a una estrategia conjunta de articulación entre sociedad civil, gobierno local y las trabajadoras del hogar se logró institucionalizar el programa, no solo brindando capacitación para la profesionalización del trabajo doméstico, sino también un curso a nombre de la nación para el emprendimiento propio. Todo ello en beneficio del desarrollo económico, familiar y personal de las trabajadoras del hogar, ya que se han convertido en personas que pueden acceder a una mejor calidad de vida.
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Shields, Justin M. "Compliance with Chinese characteristics : evaluating China's compliance record with regard to WTO-related liberalization commitments in the life insurance sector." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1858.

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47

Sirotková, Kateřina. "Dílčí strategie podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76410.

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This thesis handles the economic strategy of the firm HATLE-UNIKLEMP. Used methods are PESTLE analysis, Porter's five forces model, SWOT analysis, value chain analysis, and most used method is the financial analysis, in which indicators are applied to absolute indicators and financial ratios of profitability,liquidity, activity and debt. The thesis aims to find solutions to the poor economic situation of analyzed firm and to set a strategy, to ensure a positive future business development.

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48

Viana, Sérgio Wesner. "Crédito para financiamento de arranjos produtivos locais: o caso do arranjo vitivinicultura da serra gaúcha." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2015. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4903.

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A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a percepção dos micros e pequenos empresários de vinícolas localizadas no Arranjo Produtivo Local da Serra Gaúcha em relação à disponibilidade de crédito. Considerando a existência de restrições de crédito para as micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil, avalia-se como as empresas que se organizam em um Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) conseguem mitigar as restrições de crédito. Para isso, utilizou-se do método survey para análise das micros e pequenas vinícolas do APL localizadas no Vale dos Vinhedos, utilizando um questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. Ainda, com vista a identificar os agentes financiadores com linhas de crédito específicas para este aglomerado, realizaram-se entrevistas com os gerentes dos bancos que atendem a região. Por fim, verificou-se que, além de somente três bancos atenderem o APL Vitivinicultura da Serra Gaúcha com produto específico, todos os três ofertam apenas um tipo de linha de crédito. Consequentemente, a linha é pouco adquirida pelos micros e pequenos empresários do setor, os quais – ainda que percebam a importância da oferta de crédito para o aumento da competitividade – avaliam a atual oferta com características desproporcionais as suas realidades. Portanto, demonstrou-se que o fato das micros e pequenas empresas estarem organizadas em um APL não estão obtendo vantagens na aquisição de crédito em relação as linhas gerais de financiamento.
This dissertation aims to analyze the perception the business owners the micro and small wineries located in the Local Productive Arrangement in the Serra Gaucha about the credit availability. Considering the existence of the financial constraints of the Brazilian banks for micro and small firms, was evaluated as the companies organized in a Local Productive Arrangement (APL) can mitigate these constraints. Thus, this research analyzes the credit supply in the perception of the micro and small wineries in the Local Productive Arrangement of the Serra Gaúcha context. For this, there was used a survey methodology to analyse micro and small wineries in APL situated in the “Vale dos Vinhedos” region (Rio Grande do Sul), with data collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. In addition, the financing agents that offer specific lines of credit for this group of companies were identified, through interviews with managers of banks of this area. It was found that only three financial institutions attend to the APL of the Wine of the Serra Gaucha and offer a range with only one type of credit line. Consequently, the credit line is underused by the micro and small business sector, which - although recognize the importance of the credit improvement to increase competitiveness - consider the current offering with characteristics disproportionate to their realities. Then, it was shown that micro and small companies organized in a APL are not getting any advantage in the obtainment credit, considering the general lines of financing.

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Gil, Corbalán Nieves. "Análisis de la influencia de las barreras en la adopción de innovaciones en el sector servicios : el caso de la hostelería." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/364759.

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El sector servicios se ha convertido en la principal actividad productiva de las economías modernas como consecuencia de los cambios sufridos en el modelo productivo, junto con cambios en la demanda, la liberalización de los mercados, la globalización, los avances de las TICs, entre otros. En este contexto, la exigencia de competitividad para las empresas es cada vez mayor. Además, el modelo económico se orienta hacia el conocimiento siendo un factor crítico, imprescindible para el crecimiento económico. Ante esta situación la innovación se convierte en uno de los medios a través de los cuales las empresas de servicios pueden ser más competitivas. La heterogeneidad que caracteriza a las actividades de servicios hace que su comportamiento hacia las innovaciones difiera de unas tipologías a otras. Se distinguen entre aquellas actividades con mayor propensión a innovar, las llamadas actividades intensivas en conocimiento (Knowledge Intensive Service-KIS) y, por otro, las de menor intensidad de conocimiento, entre las que se encuentran, la Hostelería, el Comercio y el Transporte. Estas son menos innovadoras, sobre todo en relación a las innovaciones tecnológicas. Esta situación hace necesario contemplar la existencia de factores, internos y externos, que pueden dificultar la adopción de innovaciones por las empresas de servicios, sobre todo, por aquellas menos propensas a innovar. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la influencia que ciertos factores considerados barreras a la innovación tienen en la adopción de innovaciones por las empresas del sector servicios menos intensivo en conocimiento. Así como, analizar el comportamiento de las empresas del sector hostelero y su papel sobre la influencia de las barreras en la adopción de innovaciones a través de la comparación con los sectores del Comercio y Transporte, a fin de comprobar si la influencia de los obstáculos es más importante en unos sectores u otros. Para el estudio empírico se ha utilizado una muestra de empresas de los subsectores de la Hostelería, del Comercio y del Transporte, es decir, actividades no KIS, a partir de la Encuesta sobre Innovación en las Empresas 2012 (EIN). A través de Regresiones Logísticas se han comprobado las relaciones entre las variables-barreras y las tipologías de innovación. Además, se ha aplicado la técnica de Diferencias de Medias para analizar las diferencias de percepción de las barreras y las tipologías de innovación entre los subsectores objeto de estudio a fin de establecer peculiaridades en el comportamiento innovador entre ellas. Los resultados de los estudios muestran que las empresas más innovadoras en el sector servicios menos intensivo en conocimiento son aquellas de mayor tamaño y que pertenecen a un grupo de empresas. Las barreras Coste y Mercado influyen en la adopción de innovaciones pero con un signo contrario al esperado. Son las empresas más innovadoras las que perciben en mayor medida la influencia de las citadas barreras, por esta razón, las hemos denominado barreras a posteriori. Solamente la barrera basada en la ausencia de demanda para innovar es la que verdaderamente caracteriza a priori a las empresas no innovadoras frente a las innovadoras. Referente al comportamiento innovador de las empresas hosteleras, se confirma que son empresas menos innovadoras, especialmente en las innovaciones tecnológicas. Para ellas el coste es una barrera a posteriori en el caso de las innovaciones no tecnológicas, es decir, se percibe de manera más significativa por parte de las empresas innovadoras en organización y marketing. Las barreras de conocimiento si tienen un papel inhibidor en la adopción de innovaciones organizativas, mientras que la ausencia de demanda lo tiene en las innovaciones tecnológicas. En definitiva, en comparación con otros sectores poco intensivos en conocimiento, las empresas hosteleras presentan una menor tasa de adopción de innovaciones tecnológicas principalmente debido a que no creen que haya demanda o que necesiten de las mismas. Sin embargo, adoptan en mayor medida innovaciones organizativas y de marketing, siendo el factor coste la principal dificultad que perciben una vez inmersas en los procesos de innovación. Finalmente cabe destacar el papel inhibidor que ejercen las barreras de conocimiento en la adopción de innovaciones organizativas.
The service industry has become the most productive activity in modern economy as a consequence of the changes in the efficiency model, together with changes in demand, market liberalization and technological advances, among others. Within this context, companies are required to be more competitive. Furthermore, the economic model tends to a new critical factor, Knowledge, which is crucial for economic growth. In such state of affairs, innovation becomes the means for tertiary companies to be more competitive Diversity, which defines tertiary activities, makes their relation towards innovation different from a typology to the next. Among those activities more prone to change can be mentioned the so-called Knowledge Intensive Services (KIS). Unlike these, Commerce, Transport and the Hotel Industry are examples of non-KIS, not so innovative in terms of knowledge, especially as regards technological advances. Such situation reveals the existence of internal and external factors hindering innovation in tertiary companies, especially in those less prone to innovation. This paper aims at analyzing the influence of certain factors, considered as barriers, when embracing innovation in companies less prone to it. Further analysis in this paper will focus on the behaviour of Hotel Industry companies and their role on the influence of barriers in the achievement of innovation by comparing it with the fields of Commerce and Transport. The goal is to check whether the influence of barriers is more significant in one field or another. For the empirical study, a sample from 2012 Survey of Business Innovation (SBI) was used, including companies of the Hotel, Commerce and Transport sectors, that is, non-KIS activities. Logistic Regression models have shown the connections between variable/barriers and innovation typologies. Also, the Average Difference function was applied to analyzing differences in barrier assessment and innovation typology among the studied sectors in order to establish features in the innovating behaviour among them. Results demonstrate that the most innovative non-KIS companies in the service sector tend to be of greater size and belong to a corporation. Cost and Market barriers influence the implementation of innovation but with a completely unforeseen result. The more innovative the company is, the higher perception of the influence of the above-mentioned barriers. For this reason they will be known as a posteriori barriers. The innovation barrier based in the lack of demand is the only one that truly distinguishes non-KIS a priori from KIS. Hotel service companies have definitely proved to have a less innovative behaviour, especially in terms of technological innovation. Cost is an a posteriori barrier in the case of technology, i.e., it is perceived more significantly by those companies innovating in marketing and management. Knowledge barriers play a restraining role in the implementation of managerial innovation, whereas the lack of demand plays a similar role in technological innovation. In conclusion, compared to other non-KIS sectors, hotel industry companies present a lower rate of technological innovation implementation, as they do not foresee demand or even need. However, they are more prone to implement managerial and marketing innovation, being cost the main alleged difficulty once in the process of innovation. Finally, it is worth highlighting the restraining role of knowledge barriers when implementing managerial innovation.

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Silva, das Almas Rondinaldo. "Setor de serviços e dinâmica econômica regional no Estado da Bahia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284315.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a dinâmica econômica proporcionada pelo setor de serviços no estado da Bahia com base na hierarquia dos municípios em termos das variáveis relacionadas a estas atividades e da concentração de população urbana. De maneira secundária, buscou identificar padrões espaciais no âmbito dos municípios e correlação entre as atividades de serviços e industriais, identificando, também, as atividades de serviços induzidas e indutoras do desenvolvimento, bem como a sua dinâmica em termos do crescimento e especialização nos municípios. Utilizou-se como bases teóricas principais a teoria dos lugares centrais, a teoria dos polos de crescimento e a teoria da base de exportação, além das teorias da dinâmica econômica urbana e as características peculiares dos setores de serviços para mostrar a conformação hierárquica e espacial dos municípios baianos quanto às variáveis em análise. Foram utilizados métodos de análise regional a fim de observar a especialização (e consequente perfil de exportação) e a polarização exercida pelos principais municípios do estado, especificamente o Quociente Locacional (QL) e Índice de Terciarização Ajustado (IT Ajust). Alternativamente, mas ao mesmo tempo em complemento e reforço aos resultados da utilização dos métodos anteriores, o trabalho usou a análise fatorial (AF), identificando correlações entre as varáveis que permitiram agrupa-las segundo a sua similaridade, quando se constatou complementaridade entre as atividades industriais e de serviços. Em consequência do uso deste método, foi construído um ranking dos municípios do estado em termos do seu potencial de desenvolvimento urbano/serviços que ratificou os resultados principais advindos no uso do QL e do IT Ajust, quais sejam, a estreita relação entre a dinâmica das atividades de serviços, a sua concentração (especialização), sua capacidade polarizadora e o uso de variáveis em conjunto que possibilitaram a criação do ranking mencionado, destacadamente aquelas relacionadas à dinâmica urbana e populacional. Ao ranquear os principais municípios, este trabalho também os utilizou como referência a fim de verificar o perfil dos subsetores de serviços quanto à sua dinâmica (ou tendência a esta) e estagnação (ou tendência a esta) bem como a configuração econômica e espacial dos municípios que apresentaram dinâmica nos subsetores induzidos e indutores do desenvolvimento, concluindo que os primeiros estão localizados, principalmente, nos municípios de maior potencial de desenvolvimento urbano/serviços. Para alcançar estes objetivos, foi utilizado o método diferencial-estrutural (shift-share). Assim, verificou-se que os municípios que apresentaram melhor posição no ranking concentram a maior parte dos serviços indutores do desenvolvimento, dotados de maior intensidade no uso de capital e tecnologias.
The objective of this study was to estimate the economic dynamics provided by the services sector in the state of Bahia. The study is based on the ranking of municipalities in terms of relating variables to these activities and the concentration of urban population. Secondarily, the spatial patterns within the municipalities and correlation between the industrial and service activities were identify. The activities of induced and inducing development services as well as its dynamics in terms of growth and specialization in cities also were identified. The main theoretical bases used was the central place theory, the theory of growth poles and export base theory. Furthermore, the theories of urban economic dynamics and the unique characteristics of services sectors were used to show the hierarchical and spatial conformation of the municipalities in the State of Bahia, regarding the variables under consideration. Regional analysis methods were used to observe the specialization (and consequent export profile) and polarization exerted by the major cities of the state. The Locational Quotient (QL) and Tertiarization Adjusted Index were calculated (IT Adj). Alternatively and at the same time to support and strength the results from the above methods, the work used the factor analysis (FA) to identify correlations between variables that allowed grouping them according to their similarity, because of the complementarities among industrial and service activities sectors. As a result of using this method, we built a ranking of municipalities in the state of Bahia in terms of its potential for urban development/services that have ratified key results arising in the use of QL and IT Adj. Namely, the ranking reflects the close relationship between the dynamics of service activities, its concentration (specialization), their polarizing capacity and use of variables together that enabled the creation of the rank mentioned, notably those related to urban and population dynamics. To rank the major cities, this study also used them as a reference to check the profile of the service subsectors for their dynamic (or trend) and stagnation (or trend) as well as the economic and spatial configuration of the municipalities showed that the induced dynamic subsectors and are inducers to development. The conclusion was that the former are mainly located in the municipalities of greater potential for urban/services development. To achieve these goals, the shift-share method was used. Thus, it was found that municipalities that showed higher ranking concentrate most of inducing development services, with more intensity in the use of capital and technology.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Services sector (Economy)'

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