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Were, Beatrice Ang'iyo. "Genetic improvement of oil quality in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): assembling tools /." Alnarp : Dept. of Crop Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200612.pdf.
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Ananieva, Valeriya, and Anna Belinska. "Investigation of the influence of sesame antioxidants on the oxidative stability of provitamin A." Thesis, Scientific Route, Estonia, 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/48207.
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Microbiological oil solutions of provitamin A (β-carotene) as a dietary supplement are not widely used due to their low oxidation stability. The aim of research is determination of the effect of sesame antioxidants on the oxidative stability of provitamin A in oil solutions. The peroxide number of vegeTable oils is determined by the standard method by the titrimetric method. The value of the period of induction of oil oxidation is determined graphically from the growth curves of peroxide numbers. The content of tocopherols in oils is determined by spectrophotometric method. The content of sesamol and sesamoline in oils is determined by the colorimetric method. The oxidative stability of oils is determined using the accelerated "active oxygen" method. To plan the experiment and process the data, mathematical methods are applied using the software Microsoft Office Excel 2003. The oxidation stability of blended oils (a mixture of sesame, high oleic, sunflower and corn refined oils) and its components is investigated. Blended oil has a lower oxidative stability than sesame oil, but higher than corn and high oleic sunflower. The oxidative stability of the blend is enhanced by the antioxidant content of sesamol and sesamoline. The content of the above antioxidants, as well as the amount of tocopherols, is studied in blended oils. The oxidation stability of the obtained solution of provitamin A in blended oils is investigated. The period of induction of oxidation of blended oils with the addition of 0.2 % β-carotene increases by 1.3 times compared with the period of induction of the original blended oil. Blended long-life oil is recommended to be used to stabilize fat-soluble biologically active compounds.
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Jacklin, Alix. "An investigation into the bioactivity of compounds within the non-oil component of sesame seed oil." Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417171.
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SILVA, Débora Rafaelly Soares. "Processamento do gergelim: extração de óleo e aproveitamento dos resíduos para produção de alimentos." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2015. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1163.
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O gergelim é uma cultura bastante adaptada às condições edafoclimáticas do Nordeste, confígurando-se como um excelente potencial económico para esta região, entretanto, as sementes perdem rapidamente a viabilidade quando manipuladas e armazenadas sem os devidos cuidados, sendo necessário o uso de técnicas que preservem a qualidade dessas sementes ao longo do armazenamento. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar as propriedades físicas, bem como, o estudo da cinética de secagem desta oleaginosa quando submetida às temperaturas de 30, 35, 40 e 45°C aplicando diferentes modelos matemáticos aos dados observados, além de obter as propriedades termodinâmicas durante a secagem. As sementes de gergelim cultivar BRS Seda foram caracterizadas fisicamente quanto a sua forma, tamanho, volume, área superficial, massa especifica, circularidade, esfericidade e a massa de 1000 sementes. As sementes foram submetidas à secagem em um secador de leito fixo, nas temperaturas de 30, 35, 40 e 45 °C. Os dados experimentais de secagem das sementes de gergelim em camada fina foram ajustados às equações de Page, Henderson e Pabis, Lewis, Cavalcanti Mata, Thompson e Midilli. Com base nos resultados obtidos para o ângulo de repouso das sementes de gergelim, pode-se afirmar que esta cultivar apresenta uma boa fluidez, favorecendo o processamento deste produto. Com relação à massa de mil sementes, verifica-se que a cultivar avaliada atende satisfatoriamente aos padrões exigidos pelo mercado. A melhor predição ao processo de cinética de secagem foi obtida pelo modelo de Cavalcanti Mata. O aumento da temperatura do ar de secagem promoveu o aumento da difusividade das sementes e da energia livre de Gibbs e reduziu os valores das propriedades de entalpia e entropia.
Sesame is a crop very adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Northeast, constituting as an excellent economic potential for this region, however, the seeds lose the viability quickly when manipulated and stored without the proper care, being necessary the use of techniques that preserve the quality of these seeds throughout the storage. The objective of this study was to determine the physical properties and the drying kinetics of this oil when subjected to temperatures of 30, 35, 40 and 45 ° C, applying different mathematical models to the observed data. thermodynamic properties during drying. Silage BRS sesame seeds were physically characterized as to their shape, size, volume, surface area, specific mass, circularity, sphericity and the mass of 1000 seeds. The seeds were dried in a fíxed bed dryer at temperatures of 30, 35, 40 and 45 ° C. Experimental drying data of the thin layer sesame seeds were adjusted to the equations of Page, Henderson and Pabis, Lewis, Cavalcanti Mata, Thompson and Midilli. Based on the results obtained for the angle of repose of the sesame seeds, it can be stated that this cultivar presents an excellent flowability, favoring the processing of this product. With respect to the mass of one thousand seeds, it is verified that the evaluated cultivar satisfies to the standards demanded by the market. The best prediction to the drying kinetic process was obtained by Cavalcanti Mata model. Increasing drying air temperature promoted increased seed diffusivity and Gibbs free energy and reduced enthalpy and entropy values.
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Hull, Stephen Gregory Jr. "The Stabilizing Effects of Sesame Oil Extraction Technologies on Seasonal Fluctuations in Food Consumption and Nutritional Status of Rural Farming Households in The Gambia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10032.
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It has been well documented that women and children in The Gambia are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition. The combination of heavy labor demands on women and a weaning diet low in calories takes its toll on women and children during the pre-harvest lean season. In 1995, the Small-Scale Sesame Oil Production project introduced an inexpensive, manual technology for edible oil extraction, called the ram press, to women in The Gambia. The overall aim of the project was to improve household nutritional security through the adoption of the ram press by women sesame growers.
A 13-month study was conducted to evaluate the success of the Small-Scale Sesame Oil Production project. The study involved 120 rural households: 40 households with access to motorized expeller technology (Expeller group) for sesame oil extraction, 37 households with access to manual ram press technology (Press group), and 43 households with access to both technologies (Combination group). Twenty-four hour recalls, food frequency data, anthropometric measurements, and production data were obtained at the baseline and at the post-harvest, peak sesame oil-pressing, and pre-harvest lean seasons.
At the baseline, women in the Expeller group had higher mean intakes of kilocalories than those in the Press and Combination groups. After introduction of the ram press, the Press and Combination women reported consistently higher intakes of kilocalories than the Expeller women at all seasons, with the largest differences at the peak oil-pressing and pre-harvest lean seasons.
At the baseline, the consumption of kilocalories for Expeller children was greater than that of the Combination and Press children. After introduction of the ram press, this trend was reversed and the intake of kilocalories for Combination and Press children was greater than that of Expeller children at all other seasons. The Expeller children exhibited a marked increase in weight-for-height z-scores at the peak oil-pressing season that decreased to near baseline levels thereafter. The Combination and Press children exhibited a steady increase in weight-for-height z-scores across seasons except for the pre-harvest lean season when their scores leveled off.
These results indicate that women and children in households with access to ram press technology experience much less of a seasonal fluctuation in food consumption than those without ram press technology. Findings of this study also indicate that when women are given choices as to which technology is best for them, they will maximize their benefits from the available technologies.Master of Science
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Maruno, Monica. "Desenvolvimento de nanoemulsões à base de óleo de gergelim aditivadas de óleo de framboesa para queimaduras da pele." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60137/tde-22102009-154453/.
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Nanoemulsões são emulsões especiais com glóbulos de tamanho na faixa de 20 a 500 nm. São sistemas que apresentam transparência ou fluidez, favorecendo o aspecto sensorial de espalhabilidade e umectação muito interessantes para produtos cosméticos destinados aos cuidados da pele e produtos para a saúde, atuando como sistemas de liberação de fármacos, além da característica nanométrica, que previne processos de instabilidade física. A queimadura da pele é o quadro resultante da ação direta ou indireta do calor sobre o organismo humano causando inflamação proporcionando intensa ação de radicais livres. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver nanoemulsões à base de óleo de gergelim aditivadas de óleo de framboesa para aplicação em queimaduras de pele. Os óleos de gergelim e framboesa apresentaram atividade antioxidante nos testes de DPPH e Xantina Oxidase. No desenvolvimento das dispersões o método de preparo por baixa energia, fundamentado na mudança de curvatura da molécula do tensoativo, foi induzido pela temperatura de inversão de fase. O resultado desta pesquisa foram duas nanoemulsões utilizando dois tensoativos derivados do óleo de rícino com diferentes etoxilações. A avaliação da estabilidade foi realizada pelo cálculo do principal mecanismo de instabilidade das nanoemulsões, chamado Ostwald ripening. O projeto também propõe uma nova metodologia para a avaliação in vitro- HET-CAM e, in vivo do eritema através da medida pelo Chroma Meter e transformação em escala dos resultados. A pesquisa demonstrou que as nanoemulsões não preveniram o processo de queimadura da pele dos camundongos hairless, mas sugere uma tendência mais rápida à redução do eritema.Nanoemulsions are special systems with uniform and extremely small droplet size, in the range of 20500 nm. Due to their characteristic size, some nanoemulsions are optically transparent or translucent and have kinetic stability, low viscosity, that result in excellent espalhability and humectation making them of increasing use in many applications, for example, in cosmetics as personal care formulations, and in pharmaceutical field as drug delivery systems. The skin burn is the result of direct or indirect hot effect over human organism. This situation provokes an inflammatory process with intense action of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this research was the development of sesame indicum oil-based nanoemulsions with raspberry oil for application in skin burn. The sesame and raspberry oils presented antioxidant activity in DPPH test and Oxidase Xantine system. The dispersions were obtained by low energy method, that was based on curvature change of surfactant molecule induced for temperature. It was obtained two nanoemulsions using different surfactant castor oil derivative etoxilated. The stability assessement was realized with the calculation of main instability mechanism, the Oswald ripening rate. This Project has been carried out with an in vitro method to evaluate the toxicity (HET-CAM) and antioxidant activity (DPPH and Xantine Oxidase), and in vivo erytem evaluation with Chroma Meter. The results of in vivo test was transformed in a score, that reflected the level of erythema. This work demonstred nanoemulsion hasn´t prevented the skin burn in hairless rats, but there was a tendency to decrease the erythema.
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ALMEIDA, Katcilânya Menezes de. "Obtenção de mistura de óleos vegetais: otimização, caracterização e predição de propriedades físicas e químicas." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2012. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/773.
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CNPq
O Brasil possui grande potencial agrícola para produzir óleo vegetal, tanto para fins alimentares como para suprir parte da demanda de energia renovável, porém nos últimos cinco anos tem sido o maior importador de azeite de oliva do mundo, devido aos seus benefícios para a saúde. Neste contexto objetivou-se, com este trabalho, a elaboração de misturas especiais de óleos vegetais para fins alimentícios, com base nos óleos de amendoim, gergelim, maracujá e soja. Os óleos de amendoim e gergelim como alternativa por serem culturas produzidas no Brasil, constituem uma fonte de ácidos graxos e antioxidantes tão pouco explorados na alimentação dos brasileiros, tal como o óleo de maracujá como co-produto, descartado pela indústria de suco e ainda o óleo de soja cuja matéria-prima abundante, tornam o produto acessível aos consumidores de todas as classes sociais. Os óleos de amendoim e gergelim foram extraídos de sementes das cultivares BRS-Havana e BRS-Seda, respectivamente, cedidas pela Embrapa Algodão enquanto o óleo de maracujá foi adquirido no comércio de São Paulo e o de soja no de Campina Grande. As misturas foram elaboradas com base em uma matriz de planejamento experimental e, em seguida, submetidas às análises de composição de ácidos graxos e ensaios físico-químicas (umidade, índice de acidez, índice de iodo, índice de refração, densidade e viscosidade) segundo a metodologia do IAL (2008). As medidas obtidas foram utilizadas para estudar e otimizar a elaboração das misturas de óleos vegetais e como variáveis para predição por espectrometria no infravermelho próximo (NIR) foram utilizados os mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS) como metodologia de calibração multivariada. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA), à análise de variância multivariada (MANOVA), à análise de correlação canónica e à análise de correlação de Pearson, pelo software SAS 9.1.3; na análise de componentes principais (PCA) e regressão por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS) utilizou-se o software Uncrambler 9.8®. Concluiu-se que a mistura equivalente a 40% de óleo de amendoim, 20% de óleo de gergelim, 20% de óleo de maracujá e 20% de óleo de soja apresentou-se como a melhor mistura para fins alimentares, com base na composição de ácidos graxos. Os métodos de predição por NIR foram eficazes para a estimativa não destrutiva, rápida, de baixo custo e direta, dos ácidos graxos palmítico, esteárico, oleico, linoleico, araquídico e linolênico e para as medidas físico-químicas de densidade, índice de refração, viscosidade, índice de acidez e índice de iodo.
Brazil has great potential to produce vegetable oils as a source of raw materiais for food and energy. But in the last five years has been the largest importer of olive oil in the worid due to its health benefits and wide divulgation. In this context, the aim of this work was the development of special blends of vegetable oils as an alternative to olive oils based on peanut, sesame, soy and passion fruit. The peanut and sesame oils because they are a source of fatty acids and antioxidants in the diet of little explored in Brazil, passion fruit oil as co-product of the juice industry, and soybean oil abundant raw material which makes the product available to consumers of ali social classes. The peanut and sesame oils were extracted from seeds of BRS-Seda and BRS-Havana, while passion fruit oil was purchased commercially of city São Paulo-SP and trade soybean in the city of Campina Grande-PB. The mixtures were prepared based on an array of experimental design and then submitted to analysis of fatty acid composition and physico-chemical (moisture, acid value, iodine value, refractive index, density and viscosity). Moreover, were used as reference variables for prediction via infrared spectroscopy (NIR) using the partial least squares (PLS) and multivariate calibration methodology. The results were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), canonical correlation analysis and Pearson correlation analysis by SAS 9.1.3 software, the principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial least squares regression (PLS) was used Uncrambler 9.8 ® softwarlt was concluded that the mixture equivalent to 40% peanut oil, 20% sesame oil, 20% passion fruit oil, and 20% soybean oil was presented as the best mix for food composition based on fatty acids. The prediction by NIR methods were effective for estimating non-destructive, rapid, inexpensive and direct fatty acids palmitic, stearic, oleie, linoleic, linolenic and arachidic and physico-chemical measurements of density, refractive index, viscosity, acid value and iodine value.
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Monteiro, Érika Maria Henriques. "Desenvolvimento de solução enxaguatória bucal bifásica contendo extratos naturais de plantas." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4263.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A abrangência da utilização de fitoterápicos e de plantas medicinais é vasta e engloba fins variados, também em relação à saúde bucal. O controle do biofilme bacteriano dentro das diversas especialidades odontológicas é de grande importância, pois aponta tanto para a prevenção, como para o tratamento, da cárie e de doenças periodontais. Com a finalidade de auxiliar os métodos convencionais de higiene bucal, muitos agentes químicos vêm sendo estudados, entre produtos com ação antimicrobiana e antiinflamatória. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de propor o desenvolvimento um enxaguatório bucal bifásico contendo extratos naturais. Fezse o screening fotoquímico dos extratos aquosos de Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha arvensis e a identificação por CG/EM dos compostos principais do óleo de gergelim. Realizou-se experimentos para testar a ação antimicrobiana dos extratos aquosos de Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha arvensis e o óleo de gergelim (teste de difusão em agar, concentração mínima inibitória (CIM) e concentração mínima de aderência (CIMA) frente a cepa padrão Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Realizou-se também ensaios para avaliar a ação antiinflamatória e antinociceptiva do óleo de gergelim. Nos extratos aquosos de M. arvensis não foram encontrados taninos, flavonóides e saponinas, também não apresentaram atividade sobre a bactéria testada. O extrato aquoso de E. globlulus foi positivo para a presença de taninos, flavonóides e saponinas. Também apresentou atividade sobre Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 observando um halo de 20,0 ± 0,66 cm (p<0,05), a CIM e a CIMA foi determinada com a E4 (12,5 mg/mL), o óleo de gergelim não apresentou halo no teste de difusão em Agar, acredita-se que seja pelo fator de difusão do óleo, pois em meio líquido apresentou atividade,a CIM e CIMA foi a OG 3 (25%). O óleo de gergelim apresentou atividade antiinflamatória e antinociceptiva nos ensaios realizados e no CG/EM deste óleo mostrou a presença de ácido graxos insaturados que já possuem atividades antiinflamatórias comprovadas. Conclui-se que os extratos aquosos de E. globlulus e o óleo de gergelim possuem potencial para serem empregados como prováveis enxaguatórios bucais.
The extent of use of herbal and medicinal plants is vast and encompasses varied purposes, also in relation to oral health. The control of the biofilm within the various specialties dental is of great importance because it points for both the prevention and for the treatment of dental caries and periodontal disease. In order to assist the conventional oral hygiene methods, many chemical agents have been studied, among products with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action. This study aimed to develop a proposed two-phase mouthwash containing natural extracts. There was photochemical screening of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha arvensis, identifying by GC / MS of the main compounds of sesame oil. We conducted experiments to test the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus globlulus, Mentha arvensis and sesame oil (agar diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum concentration of adhesion (MICA) compared to standard strain Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Also conducted tests to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory action of sesame oil. The aqueous extract of M. arvensis were not found tannins, flavonoids and saponins, this also did not show activity against the bacteria tested. The aqueous extract of E. globulus was positive for the presence of tannins, flavonoids and saponins. Also showed activity against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 observed a halo of 20.0 ± 0.66 cm (p <0.05), MIC and MICA was determined with the E4 (12.5 mg/ml), the oil sesame not present in the test halo Agar diffusion is believed to be by a factor of oil dilution, as in liquid medium was active, the MICA and MIC was OG 3 (25%l). Sesame oil presented antinociceptive and antiinflammatory tests and GC / MS of this oil showed the presence of unsaturated fatty acid that already have proven antiinflammatory activities. It is concluded that the aqueous extract of E. globlulus and sesame oil are potentially likely to be mployed as mouthwashes.
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Fonseca, Flávia Aparecida. "Avaliação da qualidade e estudo cinético de óleo de gergelim sob estresse termoxidativo por espectroscopia de UV e RMN de H1 e C13." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2011. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/701.
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Previous issue date: 2011-02-24Volumetric techniques commonly used in quality control of vegetable oils are laborious and require time, using large amounts of sample. Thus research has been conduced in order to implement new techniques faster and more efficient. In this context, spectroscopic techniques such as UV and NMR appear as alternatives to conventional process. This study aimed to monitor by ultraviolet spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance, the quality of sesame oil under heat stress and to investigate the thermoxidation kinetics. The samples of sesame, commercial sesame and soybean oils were subjected to heat stress (180 C) for 120 h in a discontinuous way and sampled every 8 hours and analyzed by volumetric and spectroscopic techniques. The results showed that sesame oil has higher thermal stability than the commercial sesame and soybean oils. Data obtained from H1 NMR spectra and kinetic data indicated that the hydrogen more susceptible to thermoxidation were: bisallyl, vinyl and allyl respectively. A satisfactory Multiple correlation was obtained between H1 NMR data and acidity values (R2 = 0.7940; r = 0.89; n = 15) explaining 80% of the correlation. Good simple correlation was obtained between acidity value and UV absorbance at 230 nm (R2 = 0.8976; r = 0.9474; n = 11) explaining 90% of the correlation. Monitoring the concentration of hydrogen bisallyl, vinyl and allyl, the kinetics of thermoxidation, the first order, showed the following rate constants (mol L-1.h-1). Sesame: 0.0088; 0.0052 and 0.0037; Sesame commercial: 0.0169; 0.0101 and 0.0074 and soybeans: 0.0191; 0.0133 and 0.0097. The results indicated that the UV, H1 and C13 NMR spectroscopic techniques, are effective in controlling the quality of vegetable oils under heat stress and may be used in routine analysis.
As técnicas volumétricas utilizadas usualmente no controle de qualidade de óleos vegetais são técnicas laboriosas e demandam tempo, utilizando grande quantidade de amostra. Assim pesquisas têm sido realizadas no sentido de aplicar novas técnicas mais rápidas e eficientes. Neste contexto as técnicas espectroscópicas de UV e RMN aparecem como ferramentas alternativas aos processos convencionais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo monitorar por espectroscopia de ultravioleta e ressonância magnética nuclear, a qualidade do óleo de gergelim sob estresse térmico e investigar a cinética da termoxidação. As amostras de óleos de gergelim, gergelim comercial e soja foram submetidas a estresse térmico (180C) durante 120h de modo descontínuo, sendo retiradas amostras a cada 8h e analisadas por técnicas volumétricas e espectroscópicas. Os resultados indicaram que o óleo de gergelim tem estabilidade térmica maior que os óleos de gergelim comercial e soja. Os dados obtidos dos espectros de RMN de H1 e os dados cinéticos indicaram que os hidrogênios mais suscetíveis a termoxidação foram: bisalilícos, vinilícos e alilícos respectivamente. Foi obtida correlação múltipla satisfatória entre dados de RMN de H1 e índice de acidez (R2 = 0,7940; r = 0,89; n = 15) explicando 80% da correlação. Boa correlação simples foi obtida entre índice de acidez e absorbância no UV em 230 nm (R2 = 0,8976; r = 0,9474; n = 11) explicando 90% da correlação. Monitorando a concentração dos hidrogênios bisalilícos, vinilícos e alilícos, a cinética da termoxidação, de primeira ordem, apresentou as seguintes constantes de velocidade (mol.L-1.h-1). Gergelim: 0,0088; 0,0052 e 0,0037; Gergelim comercial: 0,0169; 0,0101 e 0,0074 e soja: 0,0191, 0,0133 e 0,0097. Os resultados das análises indicaram que as técnicas espectroscópicas de UV e de RMN de H1 e C13 são técnicas eficientes no controle de qualidade de óleos vegetais sob estresse térmico e podem ser utilizadas em análises de rotina.
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Lima, Maria Sueli Rocha. "Crescimento e produção de gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) em função de lâminas de água." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8025.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Sesame is an important oilseed crop and can be grown in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, such as the Northeast of Brazil. Its seeds have oil of high nutritional and protein content, used in the food industry and pharmaceutical, cosmetics and biofuel. However, in the Northeast there is irregularity rainfall and high evapotranspiration rates witch usually prejudice agricultural production and research development in order to select genotypes with characteristics of tolerance to these conditions. In this context, this study was carried out in order to evaluate growth, physiology and production of sesame genotypes under different rates of water replacement. The experiment was accomplished from September to December 2012 at the Experimental Station of Embrapa Algodão, Barbalha, CE, under field conditions. The randomized block design was adopted with treatments in a factorial (4 × 6), corresponding to four irrigation levels (40, 70, 100 and 130% of ETo) and six genotypes (G1=T3-EGSGO3; G2=T7-EGSGO7; G3=T5-EGSGO5; G4 =T2-EGSGO2; G5=T6-EGSGO6 and G6=T4-EGSG04) with three replications. During experiment were collected growth variables (leaf area, plant height and stem diameter), physiological and biochemical (relative water content, disruption of the cell membrane, content of photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates and protein in leaves and root and peroxidase and catalase activity) and production (dry matter, oil content in seeds and productivity). Harvesting of Sesame was performed manually at 95 days after sowing. Higher growth and production occur using irrigation levels between 75 and 90% ETo. The content of pigments, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids were enhanced with application of 80% ETo. The enzymatic activity of sesame cultivars was reduced in plants under drought stress by deficiency or by water excess. Maximum production potential of sesame is found with application of water levels in 75-90% of ETo.
O Gergelim é uma das mais importantes culturas oleaginosas, podendo ser cultivada nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais de todo o mundo, a exemplo do Nordeste do Brasil. Suas sementes possuem um óleo de alto teor nutricional e protéico, com diversas aplicações, tanto na industria alimentícia como na farmacêutica, cosmética e de biodiesel. No entanto, na região Nordeste a irregularidade das chuvas, aliado a altas taxas de evapotranspiração geralmente limitam a produção agrícola, sendo necessário a realização de estudos visando selecionar genótipos com características de tolerância a essas condições. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se com esse trabalho, avaliar o crescimento, a fisiologia e a produção de genótipos de gergelim em função de diferentes reposições hídrica. O experimento foi realizado de setembro a dezembro de 2012 na Unidade Experimental da Embrapa Algodão, localizado no Município de Barbalha, CE, sob condições de campo. Optou-se pelo delineamento em blocos casualizados, com tratamentos em esquema fatorial (4×6), correspondendo a quatro lâminas de irrigação (40; 70; 100 e 130% da ETo) e seis genótipos (G1=T3-EGSGO3; G2=T7-EGSGO7; G3=T5-EGSGO5; G4 =T2-EGSGO2; G5=T6-EGSGO6; G6=T4-EGSG04) com três repetições. Durante o experimento, foram coletados dados correspondentes às variáveis de crescimento (área foliar; altura da planta e diâmetro do caule), fisiológicas e bioquímicas (teor relativo de água; disruptura da membrana celular; teor de pigmentos fotossintetizantes; carboidratos e proteínas na folha e raiz e a atividade das enzimas peroxidase e catalase) e de produção (fitomassa seca, teor de óleo nas sementes e produtividade). A colheita do Gergelim foi realizada manualmente aos 95 dias após a semeadura. O maior crescimento e, consequentemente, produção foram verificados com a aplicação de lâminas entre 75 e 90% da evapotranspiração de referência. O conteúdo de pigmentos, clorofila a e b, total e carotenóides foram incrementados com a aplicação de 80% da ETo. A atividade enzimática das cultivares de gergelim foi reduzida nas plantas sob estresse hídrico, tanto por deficiência quanto por excesso. O potencial máximo de produção do gergelim é encontrado com a aplicação de lâminas de água no intervalo de 75 a 90% da ETo.
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Havlena, Jan. "Distribuovaný informační systém založený na sémantických technologiích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237211.
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This master's thesis deals with the design of a distributed information system, where the data distribution is based on semantic technologies. The project analyzes the semantic web technologies with the focus on information exchange between information systems and the related terms, mainly ontologies, ontology languages and the Resource description framework. Furthermore, there is described a proposal an ontology which is used to describe the data exchanged between the systems and the technologies used to implement distributed information system. The most important of them are Java Server Faces and Sesame.
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Talavera, Barra Paloma Jimena, and Correa Micaela Urrutia. "Evaluación de la calidad química de aceites de Sesamum indicum (ajonjolí) y Linum usitatissimun (linaza) que se expenden en dos Bioferias de los distritos de Miraflores y Barranco en Lima, Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/631325.
Full textAbstract:
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general evaluar la calidad química de aceites de Sesamum indicum (ajonjolí) y Linum usitstissimum (linaza) que se expenden en dos Bioferias de los distritos de Miraflores y Barranco en Lima, Perú. Fue un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se llevó a cabo en el laboratorio de bioquímica de alimentos de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), sede Villa en Chorrillos, y en el laboratorio Société Générale de Surveillance - SGS Perú, entre los meses de setiembre y octubre de 2018.
Se realizaron distintas pruebas químicas a las muestras de aceite de ajonjolí y linaza: determinación de densidad, índice de acidez, acidez libre, índice de iodo e índice de peróxidos; a estas se le sumaron la evaluación de las condiciones de almacenamiento, del etiquetado y del registro sanitario.
De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos podemos indicar que en términos generales los aceites de linaza y ajonjolí de las marcas analizadas que se expenden en las Bioferias de Miraflores y Barranco se encontraban fuera de los rangos establecidos en por lo menos un indicador químico, tomando como parámetro de contrastación la Norma CODEX (STAN 210-1999) para aceites comestibles.The general objective of this research was to evaluate the chemical quality of Sesamum indicum (sesame) and Linum usitatissimum (flax) seed oils sold in two Biofairs of the districts of Miraflores and Barranco in Lima, Peru. This was a descriptive, cross-cutting study. Analyses were made in the laboratory of food biochemistry of Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), campus of Villa in Chorrillos, and in the laboratory of Société Générale de Surveillance - SGS Peru, in the months of September and October 2018. Different chemical tests were performed to the sesame and flax seed oils to measure: density, acidity, free fatty acid, iodine and peroxide values. Additionally, storage conditions, labeling and sanitation registration were also evaluated. According to the results obtained, we can state that in general terms flax and sesame seed oils of the analyzed trademarks sold in the Biofairs of Miraflores and Barranco were out of the ranges established in at least one chemical indicator, taking CODEX standard for edible oils (STAN 210-1999) as the reference standard.
Tesis
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Huang, Cheng-Jhih, and 黃承智. "Ethanolic extraction for sesame oil." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a6snjv.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
食品科學系所
105
Lipid oxidation has been recognized as the major problem affecting the quality of edible oils. It also causes the deteriorative changes in the chemical, sensory and nutritional properties. Sesame oil is known to be significantly resistant to oxidative rancidity. Today, different food processing methods are also involved in sesame oil produced, such as microwave technology, infrared heating technology, look forward to produce better quality. In this study, ethanol was used as the solvent to extract sesame oil. During pretreatment, different concentrations of four ethanol groups (30%, 50%, 70% and 95%) will be used to determine the extraction efficiency. Then, experiments such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenol content and so on were used to confirm the contributions of antioxidants. At the same time, four groups of the traditional sesame oil (120℃, 150℃, 180℃ and 210℃) which was processed from roasting and squeezing treatment was used as the control. The results of the first stage showed the higher ethanol concentrations produced lower total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The extraction with 95% ethanol got the lowest acid value, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid value. Lignans was regarded as the most active compound in sesame, by determination of HPLC, the results showed that 120℃traditional process oils increased the most sesamin contents, 30% ethanol extract oils increase the most sesamolin contents, 210℃traditional process oils increased the most sesamol contents. In the second stage, eight weeks oven storage experiments with 65℃, 120℃, 210℃traditional process and 30% ethanol extract oils was carried out. The results showed traditional process with 210℃showed the best antioxidative activity, 30% ethanol extract oils were the second. Therefore, ethanol extract oils contain more lignans, while the antioxidant capacity from lignans less than antioxidant substances which are from Maillard reaction. In the future, ethanol extract sesame oils with favorite amber color will be potential to replace low temperature roasted sesame oil, and more useful for vegetable salad.
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Chen, Ke-Ting, and 陳科廷. "Sesame Oil and Sesamol Protect against Acute Iron Poisoning in Mice." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14032973342010572990.
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碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
93
Iron overload causes oxidative stress resulted in organ injury. Sesame oil and its lignan sesamol are potent antioxidants, both of which can reduce reactive oxygen species and lipid preoxidation; and attenuate multiple organ failure during oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sesame oil and sesamol on iron-induced oxidative stress and multiple organ injury in mice. Mice were given sesame oil (4 ml/kg, s.c.) or sesamol (30 mg/kg, s.c.) just after ferric-nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and parameters were determined 3 hours after Fe-NTA administration. Superoxide anion, serum Fe2+ concentration, serum nitric oxide production, blood hydroxyl radical, and lipid peroxidation were examined. He¬patic and renal functions were assessed by biochemical and histological examinations. Sesame oil or sesamol significantly reduced superoxide anion, Fe2+ concentration, hydroxyl radical, and lipid peroxidation; and attenuated hepatic and renal injuries in Fe-NTA-treated mice. Sesame oil and sesamol ameliorated hepatic and renal function after the onset of iron poisoning. In summary, sesame oil and sesamol attenuated hepatic and renal injuries preventively and therapeutically, which may result from the amelioration of oxidative stress in acute iron poisoning in mice.
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SRIVASTAVA, TULIKA. "SOLAR ASSISTED BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM SESAME OIL." Thesis, 2017. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/15813.
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The depletion of exhaustible resources such as fossil fuels, alternative energy sources are more focussed now-as-days. Biodiesel, being a source of clean energy can be a good alternative to prevent the depletion of petro-fuels as it is produced from edible and non-edible oils which renewable and non-toxic in nature. Transesterification is the only process for synthesis of biodiesel. This process involves, heating of triglyceride with methanol in the presence of catalyst like KOH. In this project, biodiesel was produced from sesame oil by using solar technology. The conversion yield was maximized using Response Surface Method and Taguchi’s method of optimization. This method was adequate for calculating the effect of control parameters as well as it optimizes the experiment with finite number of runs. Comparison and cost analysis by various methods including parabolic dish type collector, box type solar cooker and mechanical method for making biodiesel is done in this project. At the end, results were compared for mechanical method as well as solar assisted method of biodiesel production. It was concluded that the quality and conversion yield of biodiesel produced from solar assisted method is better even when there is no requirement of mechanical stirring in this method.
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Wu, Bohong, and 吳柏宏. "Studies on sesame regeneration system and oil body induction in cultured sesame cells." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74372695818186777576.
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碩士國立中興大學
農業生物科技學研究所
89
Plant-based expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins and peptides have been recently received much attention. Oleosin, an unique tissue-specific structural protein expressed in plant seed oil body, has been recognized to be a good carriers for producing foreign proteins. The recombinant proteins carried by oleosins can be easily purified using centrifugation based on the fact that oil-body has lower buoyant density than water. Sesame is one of the important oil seed crops in the world, and its seed possesses more than 50 % oil content in dry weight which makes it a very good candidate as an oil body-based expression system. However, before we can put it into practice, an efficient cell expression system has to be firstly established. This study is to investigate the effects of culture conditions on callus induction from sesame seed, regeneration of plant from somatic embryos, and also on the changes of oil-body content in the cultured cells. According to morphological appearance, the induced calli were classified into three different cell types, i.e. type I, II, and III. The type III callus, which showed embryogenic characteristic, were selected and tested for their regeneration response. The best condition was found to be with 6 % maltose, 1 mg/l NAA, and 1 mg/l BA. We also examined the effects of different salts, 2,4-D vs. BA ratios, and different additives on the oil body content in the callus and the suspension cells. It was found that the oil content in either callus or suspension cells increased with the elevated 2,4-D concentration in the culture medium. Addition of 0.1 mg/l or 0.2 mg/l ABA was found also increase the oil contents in the sesame calli. Comparison of callus induced from various sesame varieties indicated that they all have an average of about 1﹪oil content.
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Hsu, Dur-Zong, and 許德榮. "Efficacy and Mechanism of Sesame Oil and Sesamol in Treating Sepsis in Rats." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19241622756277327857.
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博士國立成功大學
基礎醫學研究所
93
Sepsis, mainly caused by bacterial infection, is one of the major causes of death in clinical patients. More than 200,000 patients die of sepsis every year in the United States, and is the top 13 cause of death in Taiwan. However, no effective interventions in treating sepsis have been reported during past two decades. Sesame oil is regarded as a health food. Sesame oil-supplemented diet decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines and mortality in septic mice. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects and the possible mechanisms of sesamol (3,4-methylenedioxyphenol), a lignan in sesame oil, against sepsis. Two common septic models were used, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Data showed that a single dose of ses-ame oil can attenuate multiple organ failure and decrease mortality by reducing oxida-tive stress when given before and after the onset of sepsis in rats; however, both min-eral oil and corn oil did not show the similar effects. Sesamol decreased serum lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and IL-1beta production, and attenuated CLP-induced multi-ple organ injury. Furthernire, sesamol showed the proventive and therapeutic effects on mortality induced by CLP in rats. Sesamol significantly attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress and multiple organ failure, reduced the generation of hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, and superoxide anion. Sesamol also inhibited nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta. Sesamol decreased the LPS-induced expression of CD14 and Toll-like receptor 4 in RAW264.7 cells. Sesamol potently decreased the binding between LPS and LPS-binding protein (LBP). We concluded that sesame oil attenu-ated multiple organ failure and decreased mortality in septic rats. Sesamol might be an important component of sesame oil for treating sepsis by inhibiting the binding be-tween LPS and LBP. However, more investigations are needed before application of sesamol in treating septic patients.
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Chi-Chung, Peng, and 彭及忠. "Development and Applications of Artificial Sesame Oil Body." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23677414703410952926.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生物科技學研究所
92
Oil bodies of sesame seeds comprise a triacylglycerol matrix, which is surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded mostly with structural proteins, oleosins. Similar to native oil bodies in vivo and in vitro, reconstituted oil bodies of the same composition maintained as discrete particles of 0.3-3.5 m. Comparable thermostability and structural stability were observed in reconstituted oil bodies as well as purified ones. The sizes of reconstituted oil bodies displayed a normal distribution with an average size proportional to the ratio of triacylglycerols to oil-body proteins. Both thermostability and structural stability of reconstituted oil bodies decreased as their sizes increased, and vice versa. These results suggest that the size of oil bodies is controlled by the availability of triacylglycerols and oil-body proteins during seed maturation, and restricted to a narrow range due to a compromise between minimizing usage of oil-body proteins and stabilizing the organelle effectively. An expression/purification system was developed using artificial oil bodies as carriers for producing recombinant proteins. A target protein, green fluorescent protein (GFP), was firstly expressed in Escherichia coli as an insoluble recombinant protein fused to oleosin, a unique structural protein of seed oil bodies, by a linker sequence susceptible to factor Xa cleavage. Artificial oil bodies were constituted with triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and the insoluble recombinant protein, oleosin-Xa-GFP. After centrifugation, the oleosin-fused GFP was exclusively found on the surface of artificial oil bodies presumably with correct folding to emit fluorescence under excitation. Proteolytic cleavage with factor Xa separated soluble GFP from oleosins that were embedded in the artificial oil bodies; thus after re-centrifugation, GFP of high yield and purity was harvested simply by concentrating the supernatant. Cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor, was similarly produced by this system using papain, an inexpensive cysteine protease, in proteolytic cleavage to replace the expensive factor Xa.
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Liu, Chien-Yin, and 劉劍音. "Study on the Aqueous Extract Method makes Sesame Oil." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cdvw3p.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
化學工程研究所
98
The sesame is one of the oldest crops for oil which includes its highly rate with oil and high nutrition, and it is also edible. Moreover, its chemical stability can be used in anti-oxidant, reducing the cholesterol and removing the internal free radicals. The sesame contains various kinds of natural anti-oxidant materials, such as chemical compound and cholesterol of plants--sesaminol, seasamol, tocopherol, ect. The black sesame oil usually is used with cooking and for nourishing; the white sesame oil comes in cold with sauce and dip. The sesames oil come in different ways, like Mechanical Method, Pomade Extraction Method, Aqueous Extraction Method and so on. People in nowadays adopt the methods with far-infrared, microwave, pressure cooking and others. The food industry generally adopts the Compression Method, which is easy to administrate in production and in quantity, and it is able to operate soaking out oil for many times. However, it is highly influential by the heat of raging fire during the fry process and renders the flavor of over-burned and bitterness. Therefore, the fragrant in Compression Method is weaker than the fragrant in Aqueous Extract Method of Aqueous Extraction Method while we choose white sesame as the material in oil production. This research observes the Aqueous Extract Method operated by the North Sesame Oil factory with the white sesame, imported from Myanmar. In the process, we try to stir with adding different proportions of water. Then, we design agitation apparatus to stir with adding different proportion of water, and the outcome presents itself that when the factory uses Pitched Curve Paddle Impeller with adding water respectively in the proportion of 50%, 20% and 15%，oil is produced in 85.35% as output. This is the best proposition of adding water in Pitched Curve Paddle Impeller. While we add water in the Helical-Ribbon with Screw Impeller respectively with the proportion of 60%, 20% and 15%，which are the best proportions in process, the producing rate achieves 93.43% as output. After changing the agitation apparatus, the interval of the sesame mixed with water is shortened, the power of wastage diminished, and the producing rate creased. Though the oil produced by Aqueous Extract Method has unique fragrant, it’s difficult in continuous operation. For extending the endurance of this method, what can be done is to carry on improving its producing process and reduce the advantages of time and manpower consuming in order to increase its Return on Investment.
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Li-Jen, Lin, and 林麗娟. "Steroleosins,Sterol-Binding Dehydrogenase in Sesame Seed Oil Bodies." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61161095577708835179.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生物科技學研究所
92
ABSTRACT Seed oil bodies are lipid storage organelles that comprise a triacylglycerol matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded with proteins. The oil-body associated proteins include the abundant structural protein, oleosin and at least three minor proteins, Sop1-3. Recently, the gene encoding Sop1 protein was cloned from maturing sesame seeds. The Sop1 sequence analyses and biochemical studies indicated that the protein is calcium-binding, and thus named caleosin. This dissertation intended to study structure-function relationship of Sop2 and Sop3 and their targeting to oil bodies during seed maturation. In 2000, the Sop2 cDNA sequence and its corresponding genomic sequence from maturing sesame seeds was cloned by immuno-screening. The deduced protein, tentatively named steroleosin, seems to exist in diverse seed oil bodies, and comprises an oil-body anchoring segment preceding a sterol-binding dehydrogenase involved in signal transduction in diverse organisms. Southern hybridization implies that one steroleosin gene and certain steroleosin-like genes may exist in sesame genome. The results suggest that different sterol-binding dehydrogenases/reductases may be present in diverse plant tissues and involved in signal transduction. In 2002, the Sop3 cDNA sequence was cloned by PCR, the last and the least abundant of the proteins identified in oil bodies of sesame seeds as far. Sequence comparison revealed that Sop2 and Sop3 were homologous proteins, and thus tentatively named steroleosin-A and steroleosin-B. These two steroleosins possessed a conserved NADP+ binding subdomain but a diverse sterol-binding subdomain of different size. Although Sop2 and Sop3 were found homologous, they could not be cross-recognized immunologically with the antibodies prepared in our lab. Dehydrogenase activity detected in their expressed proteins indicated that steroleosin-B might comparably possess a broader sterol selectivity and higher NADP+ specificity than steroleosin-A. In 2003, I proved that steroleosin-A/steroleosin-B and caleosin/oleosin may target to maturing oil bodies via distinct pathways. The hydrophobic domain responsible for oil-body anchoring is located in the N-terminal region of steroleosin, but in the central region of caleosin or oleosin. Steroleosin possessed a free methionine at its N-terminus while caleosin and oleosin were N-terminally blocked. In contrast with caleosin and oleosin, steroleosin preferentially targeted to microsomal membranes instead of artificial oil emulsions in an in vitro competition experiment.
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Wu, Chung-Li, and 吳崇立. "Evaluation of Various Properties of Sesame Oil Blended with Different Proportions of Soybean Oil." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12899278804188237060.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
105
Owning to the demand of market, blended sesame oil and sesame flavor oil are blended products derived from sesame oil. The ingredients of these products are sesame oil blended with different levels of soybean oil in general. In this study, the antioxidant activity, physiologically active substance, oxidation stability, and fatty acid composition of the blended products were discussed. The gas chromatograph analyses showed that the fatty acid compositions of sesame oil and soybean oil were both similar to each other. Referring to the DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TECA), and the levels of sesamin, and sesamolin, sesame oil were found to be have obviously higher values than those of the other oil products blended with soybean oil. In addition, IC50 value indicated that sesame flavor oil performed better in ferric reducing antioxidant power. The p-anisidine values, which represented the oxidation level of sesame oil, blended sesame oil, sesame flavor oil, and soybean oil, were 7.51, 6.19, 5.08, and 3.23, respectively. Our results demonstrated that sesame oil had a higher oxidation level than the other oil samples.
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Lee, Wei-Ju, and 李偉如. "Studies on the Method for Discriminating Sesame Oil Blended with Other Edible Vegetable Oil." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99034585090081469027.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
99
The aim of this study is to develop an analytical approach for discriminating sesame oil blended with soybean oil or canola oil. Firstly we established a promising HPLC-ELSD chromatographic condition for the detection of triacylglycerol (TAG) species of oil samples. TAG species of all oil samples were then determined under the conditions. Based on the composition of TAG species of oil samples, three unique peaks assigned as LLnL, OLnL and PLnL which did not appear on the chromatogram of any sesame oil samples represented that the characteristic components of soybean oil could be employed as judging the adulteration of sesame oil with soybean oil. Similarly, the unique components, OLnL and OLnO of canola oil could be used for judging the adulteration of sesame oil with canola oil. Additionally, a statistical method, namely discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), using TAG species of oil sample as parameters was employed for qualitative analysis of sesame oil blended with soybean oil or canola oil. The results showed that this statistical method was feasible and promising to judge the adulteration of sesame oils with soybean oils or canola oils.
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Chen, Emily C. F., and 陳靖棻. "Identification of Three Novel Seed Oil Body Proteins in Sesame." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94237134531967892518.
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Si-JinChen and 陳思瑾. "Effect of sesame oil on acute gouty inflammation in rats." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86879923083531227441.
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Huang, Hui-Jean, and 黃惠靖. "Effects of Sesame Oil on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Endotoxemia in Rats." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27647776399863906226.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
91
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main component of the outer cell wall in all Gram-negative bacteria, triggers severe pathologic alternations, such as systemic inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), and death in clinical studies. Despite significant advances in the management of sepsis, MOD remains the leading cause of death in septic patients. It was found that sesame oil (SO) could scavenge free radical, reduce lipid peroxidation (LPO), attenuate the LPS-induced MOD, and increase survival rate of sepsis in animal studies. Rats were challenged intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg LPS. SO (8 ml/kg) was given right after LPS administration. Blood samples were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, or 24 hrs after LPS-injection. Serum levels of asparate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALKP), total bilirubin (TBIL), LPO, superoxide anion, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalse (CAT), serum levels of glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide, pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined. After LPS injection, SO: (1) up-regulated LPS-induced TNF-a at 1 hr and down-regulated at 3 hrs; (2) reduced IL-1β at 3 hrs, but increased at 12 hrs; (3) slightly but not significantly inhibited IL-10 levels; (4) increased serum levels of nitric oxide at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hrs; (5) reduced LPS-induced superoxide anion at 12 and 24 hrs; (6) failed to affect SOD and CAT activities; (7) up-regulated GSH at 1, 12 and 24 hrs; (8) slightly but not significantly increased LPS-induced LPO; (9) □increased LPS-induced liver injury. It is concluded that SO may not protect against low-dose LPS-induced endotoxemia in rats.
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Yang, Ling-Yu, and 楊亮渝. "Detection of sesame and peanut in oil by PCR method." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15211226831272097234.
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碩士國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
103
In the oil Products, sesame oil and peanut oil are the important in catering food. In recent years, several commercial oil contaminated event, the traditional oil row spring up again. The experiment will test the use of PCR to detect the DNA in the presence of oil or not, to find out if there are contained in the target of sesame and peanuts. The samples were taken in place of the traditional press line oil and commercial oil. Standard: peanuts and sesame seeds. Target gene: peanut ITS1, sesame 2S albumin. Introduction group uses: PF / PR (peanuts, 181bp), SesF / SesR (sesame, 146bp). DNA extraction method with oil separately announcement PCR peanut and sesame oils qualitative detection, using 2% agar electrophoresis run, and finally the use of UV Fluorescence Imaging System and analyzed. The results, regardless of flavor blending peanut oil, cold press oil extraction of oil or traditional, can be because the contents have been detected in the presence of peanuts, but there are shades of DNA fragments of the points. Sesame oil is obviously significant differences. The resulting DNA fragment shading sesame oil and peanut oil or the presence or absence inference might extraction methods, storage methods, extraction methods. The purpose of this experiment is to use PCR method to detect sesame oil and peanut oil, with 100% oil and mixed oil to detect DNA fragments and DNA concentration is significantly high and low, to discuss commercial oil labeled correctly, and then apply the inspects of food oil products.
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Liao, Susan, and 廖淑杏. "Protective effects of lactoferrin, sesame oil, or sesamol on the infection of pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84519502201490783756.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
醫學檢驗生物技術學系
94
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram negative coco-bacillus, which is ubiquitous present in fresh water and soil. A. baumannii is also a well recognized pathogen causing nosocomial pneumonia, predominantly in patients with endotracheal intubation, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and underlying lung diseases. Because almost all commercially available antibiotics are ineffective against A. baumannii, it is necessary to develop a new strategy to treat infections caused by A. baumannii. Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 80 KDa. Lactoferrin is present in milk, saliva, mucous secretion, and other biological fluids of mammals. LF has both anti microbial and immune modulating/enhancing ac-tivities. Sesamol (SM) is a main component of sesame oil (SO) and it has po-tent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study, the effects of LF, SO, and SM on a mouse infection model of A. baumannii were investigated. It was found that treatment with LF, SO, and SM could protect mice from A. baumannii-induced lethality. The results revealed higher survival rate, lower liver and kidney damage and decreased serum TNF-a production in mice treated with LF, SO, or SM than the control mice. Furthermore, the growth of A. baumannii was inhibited in the presence of LF in vitro, but in vitro inhibition is not seen in the presence of SM. Therefore, LF, SO, and SM may have protective effects against A. baumannii infection through different mechanisms.
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張衣承. "Study on enhancing oxidative stability of soybean oil with addition of preheated sesame oil blends." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93181780120858020948.
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Huang, Shi-Sy, and 黃世偲. "The effects of different soaking pretreatment on the antioxidant activities of sesame seedling and oil during germination of sesame." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29695825658801847293.
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碩士國立宜蘭大學
食品科學系碩士班
97
Abstract After soaking with different pH solutions for 9 hours, sesame ( Sesamum indicum ) was placed in growth incubator at 26 ℃ for 6 days’ germination. Sesame seedlings were sampled each date in the period of germination, then freeze dried for the following studies. Methanol extracts of sesame seedlings and sesame oil were then used for antioxidants analysis and antioxidation activity evaluation in this study. In order to trace the changes of proximate composition in sesame during germination, the ingredients of sesame seedling was analyzed. There was no significant difference on the content of crude protein ( 24 — 25 % DM ) and ash (4—6% DM ), nevertheless the amount of crude fat decreased ( 53—31 % DM ) while carbohydrate ( 40 — 18 % DM ) increased proportionally in the period of germination. Regard to the fatty acid composition in sesame oil, there was no significant difference in percentage of fatty acid constituents during germination of sesame. The changes of antioxidants in sesame seedlings and sesame oils showed that the content of total polyphenols and phytosterols increased significantly during germination, and distributed within 7 — 35.2 mg / g and 1.9 — 17.84 mg / g MeOH extract respectly. The content of phytosterols in germming sesame pretreated with phosphate buffered saline were higher than that of DIW pretreatment, and the amount of total polyphenols raised fastest in all of the soaking pretreatments when pretreated with pH 9-PBS. On the contrary, the quanty of sesamin, sesamolin and γ - tocopherol contained in sesame were decreased in the period of germination, their levels were within 194 — 62 mg / 100 g oil, 209 — 103 mg / 100 g oil and 51 — 37 mg / 100 g oil respectly. For evaluating the antioxidation capacity of sesame during germination, the reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging ability and ORAC capacity were estimated. In the period of germination, the reducing power, scavenging DPPH free radical and ORAC activity of sesame seedlings and sesame oil were accelerated. However, The - carotene antioxidation and chelating ability of ferrous raised at the early period of germination, and then declined at a later period. In generally, regardless the methods used for estimating the antioxidative activity, the antioxidative activity of sesame seedlings and oils in pH 9-PBS and pH 7-PBS soaking pretreatment systems were higher than that of others, and the result for pH 3-PBS system was the worst of all. The correlation between antioxidation capacity and the content of total polyphenols in methanol extracts of sesame seedling and oil was studied. The results showed that there were significant correlations between total polyphenols content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity ( r = 0.95 ) and reduing power ( r = 0.96 ), and followed by ORAC ( r = 0.74 ). With regard to the correlation between that in sesame oil, similar results were observed as in sesame seedling. Significant correlation between total polyphenols content and antioxidation capacities of DPPH free radical scavenge ( r = 0.97), reduing power ( r = 0.96 ) and ORAC ( r = 0.93 ), next for the chelating ability of ferrous ( r = 0.60 ).
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Huang, Ya-Jing, and 黃雅菁. "Effects of consuming sesame-oil chicken with rice wine on breastfeeding." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35903076430414234271.
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碩士臺北醫學大學
保健營養學系
91
The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of consuming sesame-oil chicken with rice wine on breastfeeding. Twenty-three healthy and non-alcohol sensitive lactating women were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Taipei Medical University Wan-Fang Hospital. Use standard materials and methods to prepare non-alcoholic sesame-oil chicken soup as control (CS) and sesame-oil chicken with rice wine soup (AS) which alcohol concentration was 40 mg/mL as experimental material. Each woman took 2 testing days that separated by 1 week, and they were instructed to refrain from drinking any alcoholic beverages or diets before the 3 days of the two testing days. Before experiment, each subject emptied both breast by using an electric breast pump, and then drank 8 mL/kg of body weight CS or AS. After 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90 min of CS or AS consumption, the subject collected 2 mL milk respectively. The amount of milk yield within 30 min and the time of the first droplet of milk to be ejected were measured after 120 min of CS or AS consumption. Blood samples were also collected before experiment and after 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 min of CS or AS consumption. The results show that, maximum blood and milk alcohol concentration were achieved after 25±11 and 32±19 min of AS consumption respectively. The blood and milk alcohol concentration of most subjects returned to the basal alcohol levels after 150 min of AS consumption. The time for the first droplet of milk to be ejected was significantly longer after consuming AS than CS. The milk yield within 30 min was significantly decreased in thirteen subjects and increased in ten subjects after consuming AS. In conclusion, the prolongation of milk ejection time was the main effects of consuming sesame-oil chicken with rice wine on breastfeeding. According to the present study, it recommends to breast-feed milk after 2.5 hours or more than 2.5 hours of consumption to avoid the risk on infants caused by alcohol exposure of breast milk.
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Wang, Liang-Kai, and 王亮凱. "Effect of Sesame Oil against Thioacetamide-induced Hepatic Injury in Rats." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16910504154256836328.
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碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
97
Introduction: Thioacetamide (TAA) is used to induce many acute hepatic injuries, such as fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in animal models which relate to oxidative stress injuries. Many studies show that sesame oil (SO) protects liver through decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in acute animal models. Objective: To investigate the effect of SO on TAA-induced acute hepatic injury. Design: TAA (100 mg/kg; i.p) was used to induce acute hepatic injury. SO (1, 2, 4, and 8 ml/kg; orally) was administrated on different time points (0, 6, and 12h) after TAA injection. The serum and liver tissue samples were collected to analyze liver injuries on hepatic aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and inflammatory regulators such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Results: There was no significant difference between AST and ALT by using single dose of SO treatment. Double dose of SO treatments (0 and 12 h) with in 24 h also showed no significant difference on TAA-induced acute hepatic injury. However, the triple dose of SO treatments (0, 6, and 12 h) showed a significant decreased on AST and ALT with 4 ml/kg sesame oil, and the MDA level in liver also showed significant decreased. Also MPO activity was decreased after sesame oil treatment. Conclusion: SO attenuated TAA-induced acute hepatic injury significantly by using triple SO oral treatments. And the protection of SO was related with inhibition of MPO activity, furthermore, improved LPO injury.
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Liu, Chuan-teng, and 劉傳騰. "Effect of sesame oil on gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30660393131120461289.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
97
Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of sesame oil on gentamicin-induced renal damage in rats. Design: ( i ) Rat renal injury was induced by gentamicin (100 mg/kg/d, sc), and sesame oil (ranging 0 to 8 ml/kg/d, orally) was given simultaneously for one week. ( ii ) In therapeutic experiment, a single dose of sesame oil (ranging 0 to 8 ml/kg, orally) was given after gentamicin administration. Serum renal function as well as renal lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and nitric oxide synthase were determined 8 days post-treatment. Results: ( i ) Daily supplement of sesame oil (a) attenuated renal tubular necrosis and creatinine clearance, (b) inhibited serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels, renal lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and nitric oxide synthase in gentamicin-treated rats.( ii ) A single dose of sesame oil ameliorated serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels and inhibited renal lipid peroxidation, peroxynitrite, superoxide anion and nitrite in gentamicin-treated rats. Conclusion: Sesame oil might attenuate gentamicin-induced renal injury by inhibiting oxidative stress in rats, and might be a useful therapeutic agent.
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Xu, Xi-Liang, and 徐錫樑. "Studies on improvement of the processing and quality of sesame oil." Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15696852524784683099.
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Ying-ChienChen and 陳瑩倩. "Effects of sesame oil on ketoconazole-induced hepatic injury in mice." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65546421036860383202.
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碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
103
Ketoconazole is one of the most commonly used systemic antifungal drugs. However, long-term treatment of ketoconazole causes hepatic injury in patients. Oxidative stress and its related apoptosis are involved in ketoconazole-induced hepatic injury. Sesame oil is edible oil derived from sesame seeds rich with potent antioxidants. It protects against oxidative stress-associated hepatic injury in various models. However, the effect of sesame oil on ketoconazole-induced hepatic injury has never been investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of sesame oil on ketoconazole-induced hepatic injury in mice. Ketoconazole (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was given 30 min after sesame oil (0.25 or 0.5 ml/kg/day, p.o.) to ICR mice for 14 days. Blood and liver tissue were collected. Neutrophil activation was determined by myeloperoxidase activity. Free radicals, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione were measured to assess oxidative stress. Apoptosis was evaluated by p53, bcl-2, and caspase3 expression. Hepatic injury was evaluated by p450 expression, serum biochemistry, histology, and osteopontin level. Sesame oil inhibited caspase3 and p53, but increased bcl-2 compared with ketoconazole-treated mice. Further, sesame oil inhibited lipid-peroxidation, increased glutathione, and inhibited myeloperoxidase activity in ketoconazole-treated mice. Sesame oil maintained cytochrome p450 expression, inhibited osteopontin level, and inhibited serum AST and ALT in ketoconazole-treated mice. In conclusion, sesame oil might protect against ketoconazole-induced hepatic injury by inhibiting neutrophil activation thereby decreased oxidative stress-associated apoptosis in mice.
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Corinne, C. Y. Tsai, and 蔡靜怡. "Characterization and Expression of Caleosin, a Unique Oil Body Protein in Sesame." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mrhqk4.
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碩士國立中興大學
農業生物科技學研究所
88
Plant seeds store triacylglycerols (TAGs) as energy sources for germination and postgerminative growth of seedlings. The storage TAGs are confined to discrete spherical organelles called oil bodies. An oil body contains a TAG matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids (PLs) embedded with abundant oleosins and some minor proteins of higher molecular mass. Three minor proteins have been identified in sesame seed oil body and termed Sops1-3 (Sesame oil body proteins 1-3). Sop1 gene has been cloned from a sesame cDNA library. Similar to oleosin, Sop1 comprises a N-terminal hydrophilic domain, a central hydrophobic domain and a C-terminal hydrophilic domain. The N-terminal hydrophilic domain contains a helix-turn-helix calcium binding motif; the central hydrophobic domain contains two subdomains: amphipathic α-helical subdomain and proline knot subdomain; the C-terminal hydrophilic domain contains a region that may be phosphorylated. Sop1 binding with Ca2+ migrated faster than no Ca2+-binding Sop1, and thus is named caleosin. Immunological cross-recognition implies that caleosin exists in diverse plant seeds. Both N-terminal and C-terminal domains of caleosin were overexpressed in E. coli and antibodies were raised against each domain in chickens and rabbits. Both N-terminal and C-terminal domains of caleosin will be tracked under electron microscope using each antibody with immunogold particles in the germinating sesame seed and the results will probably provide a clue to reveal the physiological function of caleosin.
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Chang, Yu Yi, and 張悠揚. "A Study on the Bleaching of Sesame Oil with Rice Hull Ash." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36017020445778298668.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
87
Bleaching efficiency of sesame oil by rice hull ash has been examined. Box furnace, bleaching set-up and tintometer were employed to ash rice hull, bleach sesame oil and determine red index of sesame oil, respectively. Elemental analyzer, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, surface area meter, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope were used to determine the composition and the physical properties of rice hull and rice hull ash. This study was divided into two parts. Effects of ashing temperature and ashing time on the bleaching efficiency were studied in the first part. Rice hull ash was then activated by acid. Effects of acid type, acid concentration and activation time on the bleaching efficiency were studied in the second part. The results of the first part indicated that bleaching efficiency was elevated and then reduces as the ashing temperature was increased. Maximum bleaching efficiency occurred at 773K. Bleaching efficiency was increased when the ashing time was increased. After 1,800-3,600s it leveled off. The optimal ashing conditions of rice hull were found to be 773K and 1,800-3,600s. Bleaching efficiency was found not to be influenced by specific surface area when the average pore diameter is smaller than 50A. Bleaching efficiency was found to be directly related to surface area when the average pore diameter is greater than 50A. The results of the second part indicated that acid activation, increase of acid concentration or increase of activation time might elevate bleaching efficiency mildly. The optimal conditions for activation of rice hull ash was found to be 6N sulfuric acid and 3,600s. Acid activation may increase bleaching efficiency from 0% to 43% as the rice hull was ashed under various conditions followed by optimal activation conditions.
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Shan-ShanYang and 楊珊珊. "Effect of sesame oil on monocrotaline-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72114360414325170533.
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Wei-CheTsao and 曹偉哲. "Effects of sesame oil on lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis-associated encephalopathy in rats." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71837821805312071325.
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碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
103
Sepsis, one of the major causes of mortality in the intensive care unit, produce substantial economic burden. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is considered a brain dysfunction as a consequence of systemic inflammatory response to an infection, which contributes to the mortality in septic patients. Sesame oil is a natural anti-oxidant with anti-inflammatory effect. It is possible that sesame oil attenuates SAE via its anti-inflammatory property; however, the effect of sesame oil on SAE has never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of sesame oil on SAE in rats. Sepsis was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 5 mg/kg, i.v.) in Wister rats. Sesame oil was given 6 h after LPS injection. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, myeloperoxidase (MPO), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were measured 6 h after sesame oil. Histopathologic examination of microglia activity and brain tissue were evaluated. Sesame oil significantly decreased brain TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels; NO, iNOS, NF-κB and MPO activity. Sesame oil reduced brain microglia, neutrophil, and macrophage activity. Neuronal necrosis and gliosis were reduced after sesame oil treatment. However, sesame oil showed no effects on MyD88 activity, CSF protein and LPO levels. In conclusion, a single dose of sesame oil attenuates LPS-induced SAE by inhibiting brain inflammation in rats.
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Tsue-Ping and 林翠萍. "Effect of sesame oil intake on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98763657646819410031.
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碩士中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
93
The sesame is one of the most common foodstuffs, many studies showed its antioxidative action, which is good for our body.The sesame oil have been used by human beings for a long time, but the affect of sesame oil to the lipoprotein lacks of study . The experiment materials included sesame oil, blended oil and canola oil.Bread was made of these materials. The testers were divided into three groups to take different breads.Then , the concentration of plasma-lipid and the oxidation of LDL were evaluated. The value of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and total antioxidative ability revealed that sesame oil is better than blended oil and canola oil.The values of cholesterol triglyceride,(LDL-C) and (HDL-C), in the plasma of the volunteer did not change apparently in the study.The oxidation of LDL was apparently delayed by sesame oil and blended oil. The results of our study confirmed the antioxidation ability of 100% sesame oil and 85% blended oil, The delay in oxidation of LDL is especially note worthy as it is helpfulto prevent artherosclerosis.
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Chiang, Po-Jung, and 江柏榮. "Oxidative Stress can be Attenuated by Soaking of Sesame Oil in Rats." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77591619579549125629.
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碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
91
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), are generated in response to environmental stress, damage cell membrane to cause lipid peroxidation (LPO). LPO is considered as an indicator of oxidative stress. Sesame oil (SO), a type of nature plant oils, possesses antioxidant effect to scavenge oxygen free radicals. The aims of our study are (1) to examine whether soaking of SO could attenuate oxidative stress and to investigate the possible protective mechanism of soaking SO to reduce oxidative stress; (2) to demonstrate whether removing the horny layers by tape stripping could enhance percutaneous absorption of SO to reduce oxidative stress. Abdomens of the rats were shaved with a safety razor before the experiment. LPS (0, 5, 25, 50 mg/kg, i.p.), a tool used to induce oxidative stress, was administrated to rats in our study. Under anesthesia, rats were laid on the specific container, containing the SO. Rat blood samples were collected after 0, 1, 2 and 4 h. Serum LPO levels were determined by a commercial kit. In addition, the superoxide anion (O2._), hydroxyl radicals (.OH) were also measured by the chemiluminescence analyzer and antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione were also measured. The serum uric acid and nitric oxide (NO) were also determined. On the other hand, serum LPO and NO were also measured after tape stripping. Results indicated that (1) SO significantly suppressed serum LPO levels at 2 and 4 h, (2) O2._ and .OH radicals were also significantly reduced by SO, (3) no changes were indicated for antioxidant enzymes, (4) serum uric acid were reduced at 2 and 4 h but the serum NO only was altered at 4 h, (5) serum LPO and NO were not altered after tape stripping. In summary, it is suggested that (I) soaking of SO may attenuate oxidative stress by suppressing xanthine oxidase activities and NO productions to decrease the generations of O2._ and .OH radicals. (II) tape stripping of the stratum cornem did not enhance the effect of soaking use of SO against oxidative stress.
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Wu, Yi-Xuan, and 吳怡萱. "The affect of different heating pretreatments to the Antioxidant of Sesame Oil." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09872791133453304178.
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碩士國立宜蘭大學
食品科學系碩士班
95
Abstract There are many antioxidant substances and antioxidant precursors in sesame oil, including lignans, lignan glycosides, tocopherol, phenolic compounds and phytosterols. This makes sesame oil be a much more stable edible oil among vegetable oils. Due to its rich aroma and high nutritious value, sesame oil has also been taken as something of great medicinal value. Many research indicated that sesame oil with proper preheating process would enrich antioxidant substances and have greater oxidation stability, in addition to the wonderful aroma that comes along. The most widely used heating process in recent researches on sesame is that roasted by traditional way, which is the same procedure which the market sold sesame oil used. With the introduction and the growing popularity of a few new heating techniques such as far-infrared, microwave, pressure cooking and others, the purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant quantity, the antioxidant activity, oil quality and the stability of sesame oil by using different heating procedures and heating process, and to locate the heating procedure and heating process to manufacture sesame oil with the best antioxidant quantity and quality as well as the best oil quality and stability. The sesame seeds used in this research is White Sesame seeds imported from India. By treated with four different heating procedures, the far-infrared, microwave oven, pressure cooking and oil bathed roasting, and with different heating process the sesame quality was investigated. The result show that with different heating procedures and heating process would affect its amount of antioxidants and their precursors, and the antioxidant activity of sesame was also varied. The best heating process which yields the highest antioxidant activity and oil stability was chooses among each of the four heating procedures, then oil was extracted by hexane- isopropanol (3:1) and oil quality was also estimated. The results indicates that the sesame oil heated by microwave for 8 minutes yields greater amount of maillard reaction products, phenolic compound, sesamol, tocopherol and phytosterols and has the highest antioxidant activity and oil stability. Using statistics methods to analyze the relationship between the quantity of antioxidant substance and antioxidant activity in sesame oil, the result shows that the browning index is closely related with the DPPH free radical scavenging effect and the reduced power of sesame oil. Therefore, this research compares the antioxidation abilities among sesame oils which undergone different heating procedures yet with similar browning indexes and came to the conclusion that the sesame oil heated by microwave oven has the highest antioxidant, greater antioxidant activity and higher oil stability.
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Singh, Vinay Kumar. "Development and Characterization of Sesame Oil Based Formulations for Controlled Drug Delivery." Thesis, 2018. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/9424/1/2018_PhD_VKSingh_511BM604_Development.pdf.
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The controlled delivery system has gained much importance in the last decade due to their ability to reduce the frequency of the dosage administration, toxicity and improve patient compliance. A large number of formulations employ vegetable oils to achieve desirable release profiles and/ or modulate the physical properties of the formulations. The present work explains the development and characterization of different types of sesame oil based formulations for controlled drug delivery applications. FDA (Food and Drugs Administration) approved “non-ionic surfactants” were used in the study. Two types of surfactants were chosen for developing the formulations from the large family of sorbitan esters and their derivatives. A liquid surfactant mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80 (1:2 w/w) was used which forms fluid-filled structures. The other surfactant was solid in nature (Span 60) and forms interconnecting solid fiber network structures. Mainly two types of formulations were developed, namely, emulsions (microemulsions and macroemulsions) and gels (organogels, emulsion gels, bigels and lyotropic gels). Organogels were prepared by mixing surfactants in sesame oil (70 °C, 500 rpm). Biphasic formulations were prepared by adding aqueous phase (70 °C) to the surfactant-oil mixture. Based on the composition, the formulations either formed emulsions or gels when cooled to room-temperature. The formulations were characterized in depth by stability testing, microscopic studies, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, viscosity measurement, mechanical testing, differential scanning calorimetry, electrical properties and biocompatibility studies. Metronidazole (model drug) loaded formulations were tested for in vitro drug release study and antimicrobial efficiency against model Gram negative microorganism, Escherichia coli. The microstructures of the formulation were studied using different microscopic techniques (phase contrast, fluorescence, confocal and polarized). FTIR spectra of the formulations suggested the absence of any interactions amongst the formulation components and the drug molecules. The formulations showed good biocompatibility against HaCaT cells. Metronidazole loaded formulations showed the diffusion-mediated controlled release of the drug. The developed formulations showed good antimicrobial properties against E. coli. Therefore, it may conclude that the developed formulations may be used as controlled delivery vehicles for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic applications.
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Gu, Zi-Xian, and 古子賢. "The Development and Application of Molecular Diagnostic Method for The Detection of Papaya, Sesame Oil, Peanut Oil, Tea Oil Ingredient in Foods." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bq883x.
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LIN, SHR-PING, and 林士平. "A Study on the Bleaching of Sesame Oil with Activated Rice Hull Ash." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39143799892061371511.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
88
Bleaching of sesame oil with acid activated rice hull ash was investigated. Lovibond color indices of sesame oils before and after bleaching with the activated ash were determined to calculate the bleaching efficiency of the ash. The effects of the conditions of acid activation and the conditions of bleaching were studied. The conditions of acid activation studied were: ratio of rice hull ash/acid, activation temperature, agitation speed of activation and pH value of rice hull ash. The conditions of bleaching studied were: ratio of rice hull ash/sesame oil, bleaching temperature, agitation speed of bleaching and bleaching time. The study was divided into two parts. The first part was one factorial experiment and the other part was the method of experimental design. Experimental results of the first part indicated that ratio of rice hull ash/acid, agitation speed of activation and pH value of ash almost have no effect on the bleaching efficiency. Increase of activation temperature increases bleaching ability of the ash when the temperatures are low. The influence becomes insignificant when it is over 30℃. Increase of the ratio of rice hull ash/acid increases the bleaching efficiency. Increasing bleaching temperature may also promote bleaching efficiency. However, the bleaching efficiency decreases, when the temperature is over 120℃. Agitation speed of bleaching may increase the bleaching efficiency, however, the effect is insignificant. No effect is found when it is over 80rpm. On the other hand, the bleaching efficiency is found to keep constant initially. When it is over 60 min, the bleaching efficiency decreases with the increase of bleaching time. Still, the effect is not important. Planning of experimental design method was not well. Consequently, the results obtained was not perfect. However, following results were observed. Only seven factors such as ashing temperature, ashing time, concentration of activation agent, pH value of rice hull ash, ratio of rice hull ash/sesame oil and bleaching temperature should be considered in the experimental design method. The interaction between two factors shown below should be considered in the experimental design method: ashing temperature and ashing time; pH value of rice hull ash and ratio of rice hull ash/sesame oil; pH value of rice hull ash and bleaching temperature; ratio of rice hull ash/sesame oil and bleaching temperature.
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Lee, Zhi-Hong, and 李植弘. "Effects of Sesame Oil Supplementation on Exhaustive Exercise-induced Organ Injuries in Rats." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62602902315621109509.
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碩士中國文化大學
生物科技研究所
97
This study evaluated the effect of sesame oil supplementation on exhaustive exercise-induced injuries in Sprague-Dawley rats through treadmill running exercise. Sixty 8-week-old rats were divided into six groups (twenty for each group). In this study, male SD rats were orally supplemented with normal saline(SA group), sesame oil(SO group) or corn oil(CO group)for 7 days, at the dosage of 8 ml/kg body weight/day. Fradmill exhaustive running (speed：18m/min﹔40mins)was conducted after 7-days of saline,sesame oil or corn oil supplementations. The results showed that the SA group rats following exhaustive running exercise produced significant signs of organs injuries , including increased creatinine kinase (CK﹔1473.4±243.3 v.s 797.6±46.9 U/L , p＜0.05) , lactate dehydrogenase (LDH；1093.9±166.1 vs 487.3±57.9U/L , p＜0.05). Sesame oil or corn oil supplementation reduced serum levels of CK,LDH and BUN in exhaustive-running rats. These results suggesting that sesame oil or corn oil protect rats against exhaustive exercise-induced organus injuries.To investigate the roles of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in this study, we also examined serum uric acid(UA)level, in plasma.Our data showed that the serum UA level of saline supplementation with exhaustive-running rats were significant higher than that of saline supplementation without running rat.Sesame oil or corn oil supplementation reduced the serum UA level of exhaustive-running rats.The results indicated that sesame oil or corn oil may improve the blood oxygenation and reduced the activity of xanthine oxidase. In conclusion, sesame oil or corn oil supplenmentation attenuate exhaustive-running induced organs injuries.
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Li, Ya-Hui, and 李雅慧. "Sesame oil protects against sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture in Rats." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78468348234505562990.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
93
Sepsis is one of the major causes of death reported in intensive care units. It estimates that more than 700,000 people suffered from sepsis with acute organ failure and 215,000 patients died of sepsis every year in the United State. Oxidative stress is known to involve in the development of organ fail-ure and death in sepsis. Sesame oil, derived from the plant species Sesamun indicum L., has been suggested as a potent antioxidant. Sesame oil potently attenuates oxidative stress and hepatic injury in endotoxemia; however, its ef-fect on sepsis-associated hepatic injury is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the protective effect and possible mechanism of sesame oil on sepsis in rats. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Sesame oil (4 ml/kg, orally) was given daily for one week, and survival rate was recorded and parameters were determined twelve hours after cecal liga-tion and puncture. Lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, super-oxide anion, uric acid, and nitrite levels were determined in rats with sepsis. The expression of xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase, or inducible nitric ox-ide synthase was analysed by western blot. In addition, hepatic injury was also assessed by blood biochemistry and by histological examination. Sesame oil significantly increased survival rate and attenuated hepatic injury in septic rats. Sesame oil decreased lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, superoxide anion, uric acid, and nitric oxide levels in both blood and hepatic tissue. In addition, the expression of xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was markedly reduced. Therefore, sesame oil may protect against oxidative stress-associated hepatic injury by reducing production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in septic rats.
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Chuan-TengLiu and 劉傳騰. "Efficacy and Mechanism of Sesame Oil on Chronic Kidney Disease-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33023089456829876403.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
104
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes a progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. Oxidative stress and fibrosis are highly related to the progression of CKD. Hypokalemia and hypertension in CKD patients are common manifestation of preclinical cardiovascular conditions that have a predictive value for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), an important risk factor in heart failure, is attributed to long-term hypokalemia and hypertension in CKD. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the development of LVH by which increases cardiac morbidity and mortality. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and oxidative stress are important in RAS-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. Sesame oil, a natural nutrient-rich and potent antioxidant protects the kidney in many renal disorders, and possesses potent anti-hypertensive activities. We examined the efficacy and mechanism of sesame oil on cardiac hypertrophy in CKD. We induced LVH using a CKD model by subcutaneously injecting deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA; 15 mg/ml/kg in mineral oil; twice weekly for 5 weeks) and supplementing with 1% sodium chloride drinking water (DOCA/salt) to uni-nephrectomized rats. Sesame oil was gavaged (0.5 or 1 ml/kg/day for 7 days) after 4 weeks of DOCA/salt treatment. Sesame oil significantly decreased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urine volume, and albuminuria in DOCA/salt-treated rats. Sesame oil significantly decreased renal hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite level, lipid peroxidation, osteopontin, and collagen deposition, but increased creatinine clearance rate and nuclear Nrf2 expression in DOCA/salt-treated rats. In addition, sesame oil effectively reduced the SP/DP and ECG abnormality, the heart mass, the thickness of left ventricle, and the size of cardiomyocytes, and increased the serum levels of K+ and Mg2+ in DOCA/salt-treated rats. Furthermore, sesame oil significantly decreased the levels of cardiac RAS, oxidative stress, and down-regulated the expression of MAPKs in DOCA/salt-treated rats. We conclude that sesame oil mitigates renal dysfunction by inhibiting renal oxidative stress and fibrosis; attenuates LVH by regulating hypokalemia and decreasing cardiac RAS-mediated MAPK activation in CKD rats.
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Lu, Hung-Ta, and 呂泓達. "The Extraction of Sesame Oil with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Its Mathematical Modeling." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9j9a53.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
化學工程學系所
106
Not only edible, sesame oil is also rich in vitamin B group, vitamin E, minerals, and sesamin (lignans). It has been proven effective of anti-aging and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Thus it is a potential candidate of health foods. In this work, extraction of sesame oil from sesame seeds using supercritical CO2 was carried out, and evaluated the yield and oxidation resistance by pressure, temperature, and time. With the CCD experimental design, we found that supercritical extraction sesame oil is the best condition at t = 4.8 hr and P = 3830 psi. The use of DPPH free radical scavenging assays confirmed the effect of temperature on the activity of the oxides, and the supercritical extraction showed good antioxidant activity at low temperature operation. We use the shrinking core model to investigate the influence of distribution coefficient and mass transfer coefficient on the yield, and use mathematical model to fit the experiment. We find the distribution coefficient and mass transfer coefficient of experimental, and analyze them.
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Chen, Jeff C. F., and 陳建福. "Cloning, Characterization and in Vitro Targeting of Two Unique Proteins in Sesame Oil Bodies." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28037765460051798962.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
農業生物科技學研究所
88
Abstract The oil bodies of plant seeds contain a triacylglycerol matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded with alkaline proteins termed oleosins. Two distinct oleosins are present in the oil bodies of diverse angiosperms, and classified as high and low Mr isoforms according to their relative molecular masses in each species. In sesame oil bodies, besides the two ubiquitous oleosin isoforms (17 and 15 kDa), an additional minor oleosin (15.5 kDa) was revealed on Tricine SDS-PAGE. A full-length cDNA fragment was cloned, sequenced and deduced to be a putative oleosin of 15,446 Da. The gene was constructed in a fusion or non-fusion vector and then over-expressed with different efficiency in E. coli. All three oleosins purified from sesame oil bodies were subjected to immuno-assaying using antibodies raised against the over-expressed oleosin. The results confirmed that this gene encodes the sesame 15.5 kDa oleosin. Sequence comparisons with other known oleosins revealed that sesame 15.5 kDa oleosin does not represent a new oleosin isoform class but may have been derived through gene duplication and truncation of sesame 17 kDa oleosin, and possesses the minimal structure of the high Mr oleosin isoform. A conserved amphipathic a-helix is predicted in sesame 15.5 kDa oleosin, which may imply a potential biological function associated with this isoform. Plant seed oil bodies comprise a matrix of triacylglycerols surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded with abundant oleosins and some minor proteins. Three minor proteins, temporarily termed Sops 1-3, have been identified in sesame oil bodies. A cDNA sequence of Sop1 was obtained by PCR cloning using degenerate primers derived from two partial amino acid sequences, and subsequently confirmed via immunological recognition of its over-expressed protein in Escherichia coli. Alignment with four published homologous sequences suggests Sop1 as a putative calcium-binding protein. Immunological cross-recognition implies that this protein, tentatively named caleosin, exists in diverse seed oil bodies. Caleosin migrated faster in SDS-PAGE when incubated with Ca2+. Ca2+A single copy of caleosin gene was found in sesame genome based on Southern hybridization. Northern hybridization revealed that both caleosin and oleosin genes were concurrently transcribed in maturing seeds where oil bodies are actively assembled. Hydropathy plot and secondary structure analysis suggest that caleosin comprises three structural domains, i.e., an N-terminal hydrophilic calcium-binding domain, a central hydrophobic anchoring domain, and a C-terminal hydrophilic phosphorylation domain. Compared with oleosin, a conserved proline knot-like motif is located in the central hydrophobic domain of caleosin and assumed to involve in protein assembly onto oil bodies. An in vitro system was established to examine protein targeting to maturing seed oil bodies by incubating oleosin or caleosin translated in a reticulocyte lysate system with artificial oil emulsions composed of triacylglycerol and phospholipid. The results suggest that oil body proteins spontaneously target to maturing oil bodies without apparent assistance of other factors in a co-translational mode. Translated caleosin and oleosin preferred to target to artificial oil emulsions instead of microsomal membranes. Low targeting efficiency was detected when the phospholipid of artificial oil emulsions comprised neutral phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine. The targeting efficiency could be substantially elevated when 20% negatively charged phosphatidylserine and/or phosphatidylinositol was supplemented to phosphatidylcholine in artificial oil emulsions to mimic the native phospholipid composition of oil bodies. Mutated caleosin lacking various structural domains or subdomains was examined for its in vitro targeting efficiency. The results indicate that the subdomain comprising the proline knot motif plays a crucial role in caleosin targeting or assembling to oil bodies. A model describing direct targeting of oil-body proteins to maturing oil bodies was proposed.
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LI, JIA-HUA, and 李佳樺. "The feasibility for encapsulating the extracts from green Carica papaya by sesame oil bodies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43491866430723485834.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
化工與材料工程系
100
This study attempts to find the appropriate method for extracting non-water soluble bioactive molecules from papaya and intends to use the natural materials: oil bodies, isolated from the sesame seeds, to encapsulate the alcohol-extracted and the ester-extracted antioxidant substances from the papaya into microspheres. The non-water soluble bioactive molecules were incorporated into these microspheres with an encapsulation efficiency up to 55% and 85% respectively, depending on the loading ratios. The antioxidant capacities assays include α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity measurement, and 2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity measurement , ferrous ion chelating power measurement. Our current results show that the treatment of encapsulation by oil bodies could be beneficial for long-term preservation of poorly-soluble biomolecules and could increase the bioavailability.