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1
Kim, A.-Young, Choong-In Yun, Joon-Goo Lee, and Young-Jun Kim. "Determination and Daily Intake Estimation of Lignans in Sesame Seeds and Sesame Oil Products in Korea." Foods 9, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9040394.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a plant that belongs to the Pedaliaceae family which was first classified as a food source around 4000 years ago. Lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, sesamol, and sesaminol) present in sesame are the primary functional compounds that impart important health benefits. However, very little information is available on the lignan intake from sesame seeds and sesame oil products. Sesame oil is frequently and highly consumed in Korea and therefore is one of the important lignan intake sources due to the food eating habits of Koreans. Herein, we studied the distribution of lignans in sesame seeds (n = 21) and oil (n = 34) to estimate the daily lignan intake by the Korean population. High-performance liquid chromatography, in conjunction with statistical analysis, was used to determine the lignan content of seeds and oil. The estimated daily intake of total lignans from sesame seeds and oil, as estimated from the available domestic consumption data (Korea Nutrition and Health Examination Survey), is 18.39 mg/person/day for males and 13.26 mg/person/day for females. The contributions of lignan intake from sesame seeds and oil are 23.0% and 77.0%, respectively. This study provides preliminary information on lignan intake from sesame seeds and oil in the Korean population.
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Wan, Yuan, Qiaoyun Zhou, Mengge Zhao, and Tao Hou. "Byproducts of Sesame Oil Extraction: Composition, Function, and Comprehensive Utilization." Foods 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2023): 2383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12122383.
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Sesame is principally used to generate oil, which is produced by chemical refining or pressing. Sesame meal, as a main byproduct of sesame oil extraction, is usually discarded, causing resource waste and economic loss. Sesame meal is rich in sesame protein and three types of sesame lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol). Sesame protein extracted via a physical method and an enzymic method has balanced amino acid composition and is an important protein source, and thus it is often added to animal feed and used as a human dietary supplement. Extracted sesame lignan exhibits multiple biological activities such as antihypertensive, anticancer, and cholesterol-lowering activities, and therefore it is used to improve the oxidative stability of oils. This review summarizes the extraction methods, functional activities, and comprehensive utilization of four active substances (sesame protein, sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) in sesame meal with the aim to provide theoretical guidance for the maximum utilization of sesame meal.
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Alshahrani, Saeed, Aseel Abid Al Sreaya, Mohammad Yahya Mashyakhi, Saad Alqahtani, Sivagurunathan Moni Sivakumar, Hassan Ahmed Alhazmi, Ziaur Rehman, and Firoz Alam. "Chemical characterization and antibacterial efficacy of Saudi sesame oil against human pathogenic bacteria." Environment Conservation Journal 21, no. 1&2 (June 9, 2020): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2020.211203.
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Bacterial infection and its resistance is a major health issue that affects millions of people throughout the world. There is always a need to search forth new and safest drug from natural resources to fight these challenges. Sesame seed essential oil is a rich source of protein with high medicinal value since the ancient time peoples are using for several remedies in Saudi Arabia.Therefore, the current study is aimed to discover the potential activity of the locally available sesame oil for antibacterial action based on ethnobotanical knowledge and traditional utilization as a therapeutic agent to treat several kinds of health problem in Saudi culture. Gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of sesame essential oil extracted from locally available sesame seeds represented 39 different chemical compounds. Sesamin and sesamol were the principal components alongwith fatty acids and triglycerides. Results indicated that the locally available sesame oil was found rich in sesamin contents (24.45%). The spectrum of antibacterial effect of sesame seed essential oil was exhibited significantly against Escherichia coli followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. The results indicate that sesame oil was found most effective against three bacteria i.e. E. coli, S. aureus and S. pyogenes.
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Johnson, Wilbur, Wilma F. Bergfeld, Donald V. Belsito, Ronald A. Hill, Curtis D. Klaassen, Daniel C. Liebler, James G. Marks, et al. "Amended Safety Assessment of Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil, Hydrogenated Sesame Seed Oil, Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Oil Unsaponifiables, and Sodium Sesameseedate." International Journal of Toxicology 30, no. 3_suppl (May 2011): 40S—53S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581811406987.
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Sesamum indicum (sesame) seed oil and related cosmetic ingredients are derived from Sesamum indicum. Sesamum indicum (sesame) seed oil, sesamum indicum (sesame) oil unsaponifiables, and hydrogenated sesame seed oil function as conditioning agents. Sodium sesameseedate functions as a cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, and a nonaqueous viscosity increasing agent. These ingredients are neither skin irritants, sensitizers, teratogens, nor carcinogens at exposures that would result from cosmetic use. Both animal and human data relevant to the cosmetic use of these ingredients were reviewed. The CIR Expert Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration as described in this safety assessment.
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Hadeel, S. Y., S. A. Khalida, and Marie Walsh. "Antioxidant activity of sesame seed lignans in sunflower and flaxseed oils." Food Research 4, no. 3 (December 22, 2019): 612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(3).331.
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This study investigated the antioxidant activity of crude lignan extracts and purified lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) in sunflower and flaxseed oils. Lignan extracts were prepared from roasted sesame seed oil (LRSO) and unroasted sesame seed oil (LUSO). Additionally, the individual lignans were purified from both oils. The crude extracts and purified lignans were added at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03% to the oils and stored at 25 and 65°C over time and peroxide values and thiobarbituric acid values were measured. Each oil showed an increase in oxidation over time, with the samples stored at 65°C exhibiting accelerated oxidation. In general, LRSO showed higher antioxidant activity than LUSO and the antioxidant activity was similar to the antioxidant activity of butylated hydroxytoluene (0.02% BHT) in both oils when used at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.03%. Sesamol showed the highest antioxidant activity of each of the purified lignans followed by sesamin and sesamolin respectively. Crude and purified sesame lignans may have potential applications as natural antioxidants in food systems
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Stevens, WJ, DG Ebo, CH Bridts, and LS De Clerck. "Anaphylaxis to sesame (Sesamum indicum) seed and sesame oil." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 109, no. 1 (January 2002): S217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(02)81787-0.
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Jamarkattel-Pandit, Nirmala. "Comparative Study of White and Black Sesame by Using Oxygen Glucose Deprivation on PC12 Cells." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 5, no. 1 (November 21, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37107/jhas.26.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. It is not only a source of edible oil, but also widely used in baked goods and confectionery products. Sesame seed varies considerably in color, size, and texture of the seed coat. The most commonly used are of white and black sesame, having almost same pharmacological activity and contain almost same components. However, it is reported that the components, such as Se, Zn, Fe, Mg, sesamin, and vitamin E, are different between the white and the black coat sesame. Active components of sesame seeds has been reported as protective effects against neuronal damage induced by chemical hypoxia or hydrogen peroxide but there was no sufficient biological study of white sesame and black sesame. In present study, oxygen and glucose deprivation followed by reoxygenation (OGD-R) model, an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was used to investigate the effects and comparative study of white sesame and black sesame on different cell lines. This result clearly demonstrated that crude extract of white sesame is superior than crude extract of black sesame and fractions of white sesame and black sesame protected PC12 cells from hypoxia-induced stress.
Keywords: Oxygen glucose deprivation, PC12 Cells, Ischemia model, Sesamum indicum L.
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Mohammed, Shifa. "An Overview on Nutritional Composition and Therapeutic Benefits of Sesame Seeds (Sesamum indicum)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40002.
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Abstract: Sesame seeds commonly known as gingelly seeds or til is one of the oldest oilseed cultivated all over the world with India and China being the largest producers. Both black and white sesame seeds are abundant in not only macro or micronutrients but also contain plethora of bioactive components such as lignans and phytosterols contributing to it being a good source of antioxidants. Presence of sesamin, sesaminol, myristic acid and lecithin in sesame seeds attributes to its antiinflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-cancer properties. Sesame oil is also known for its anti-microbial activity. Sesame is also an important crop mentioned in Ayurveda and is used in shirodhara, a body relaxing technique. Its oil is also used as skin softener and is utilized in the treatment of cracked heels. Seasame oil can also be substituted with regular oil and its seeds are used as garnishes in breads, biscuits and crackers. Til chikki and laddo’s are also prepared in Indian households. Though it is widely used, consumption of even two sesame seeds might trigger allergic reactions in few people. In this review article topics like nutritional composition, therapeutic benefits, uses, products developed and safety and dosage of sesame is discussed. Keywords: sesame, sesamin, sesaminol, lignans, phytosterols
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Muangrat, Rattana, Yongyut Chalermchart, Supachet Pannasai, and Sukhuntha Osiriphun. "Effect of Roasting and Vacuum Microwave Treatments on Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Oil Extracted from Black Sesame Seeds." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 8, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 798–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.8.3.12.
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Unroasted, roasted (at roasting temperatures of 100, 150 and 200 C and roasting times of 10, 20 and 30 min) and vacuum microwaved (at microwave watt powers of 800, 1440, 2400 and 3600 watts/kg black sesame seeds, for heating times of 10, 20 and 30 min) black sesame seeds were processed to extract oil using a single screw press at a constant pressing temperature of 50 C. The results revealed that different heat pre-treatments significantly affected yield and physiochemical and antioxidant properties of extracted oils. The extracted oil samples exhibited significantly different levels of total phenolic compounds, sesamin, sesamolin, and DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activity. Additionally, it was found that these values of roasted and vacuum microwaved black sesame seed oils were significantly higher than those of unroasted oil. Sesamin, sesamolin, total content of phenolic compounds, and DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activity of extracted black sesame oils increased when the roasting temperature and watt power increased. Black sesame oil obtained from unroasted, roasted and vacuum microwaved dried black sesame seeds contained linoleic and oleic acids as major fatty acids. Black sesame oil extracted from roasting and vacuum microwave treatments for 10 min at higher roasting temperature and microwave watt power had higher total phenolic content leading to a reduction of peroxide value and elevated stability of soybean oil when it was added during storage time at temperature of 65 °C.
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Hemalatha, S., M. Raghunath, and Ghafoorunissa. "Dietary sesame (Sesamum indicum cultivar Linn) oil inhibits iron-induced oxidative stress in rats." British Journal of Nutrition 92, no. 4 (October 2004): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041239.
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The high stability of sesame oil against oxidative deterioration is attributed to lignans in its non-glycerol fraction. The present study evaluates the effects of feeding sesame lignans (sesamin and sesamolin) on Fe2+-induced oxidative stress in rats. Three groups, each of sixteen male weanling WNIN rats, were fed diets containing 200 g casein/kg and 100 g oil/kg (group 1, groundnut oil; group 2, sesame oil; group 3, sesame oil+sesamin (0·4 g/kg). After 45 d of feeding, eight rats from each group were injected with saline (9 g Na Cl/l, controls) intraperitoneally while the remaining eight rats were injected with 30 mg Fe2+/kg body weight as ferrous sulfate in normal saline. The animals were killed after 90 min to evaluate hepatic function and antioxidant status. Compared with those fed groundnut oil (group 1), sesame oil-fed rats (groups 2 and 3) had lower levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, serum glutamate:oxaloacetate transaminase activities and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities, indicating protection against Fe-induced oxidative stress. Despite similar tocopherol levels in the three diets, hepatic α-tocopherol levels were higher in rats fed the sesame-oil diets (groups 2 and 3) compared with controls (group 1). However, activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) were significantly (P<0·05) increased only in rats fed higher levels of lignans (group 3). These observations suggest that sesame lignans may have sparing effects on tocopherols. The increased bioavailability of tocopherols in the presence of dietary lignans might be due to the regeneration of oxidized tocopherols. The synergistic effects of lignans with tocols has nutritional and therapeutic implications.
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Mekky, Reham Hassan, Essam Abdel-Sattar, Antonio Segura-Carretero, and María del Mar Contreras. "Metabolic Profiling of the Oil of Sesame of the Egyptian Cultivar ‘Giza 32’ Employing LC-MS and Tandem MS-Based Untargeted Method." Foods 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020298.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a global oil crop. Sesame oil has been regarded as functional oil with antioxidant properties in several in vivo studies but little is known about its minor fraction. In this line, this study figures out the profile of the polar fraction of Egyptian cultivar Giza 32 sesame oil (SG32 oil) employing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry and tandem MS. The characterization of the sesame oil metabolites depended on the observation of their retention time values, accurate MS, and MS/MS data, with UV spectra, and compared with relevant literature and available standards. Remarkably, 86 metabolites were characterized and sub-grouped into phenolic acids, lignans, flavonoids, nitrogenous compounds, and organic acids. From the characterized metabolites, 72 compounds were previously characterized in SG32 cake, which presented antioxidant properties, and hence it could contribute to SG32 oil antioxidant properties. Further studies are required to state the presence of such phenolics in commercial sesame oils and what of these compounds resist oil refining.
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Ahmed, KN, SHA Pramanik, M. Khatun, MR Hasan, LC Mohanta, T. Hoq, and SK Ghose. "Suppression of dominant insect pests and yield of sesame with plant materials in different climatic conditions." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 49, no. 1 (May 8, 2014): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i1.18851.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an annual herb not extensively cultivated in Bangladesh. The jute hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia (=Spilosoma) obliqua (Walker) was found to attack the foliages including tender shoots of sesame in the Oilseeds Cultivation Centre of BCSIR Laboratory Campus, Rajshahi. The other pests encountered were pentatomid bugs, Dolycoris indicus (Stal) and Nezara viridula (L.),a chrysomelid beetle, Aphthona nigrilabris (Duvivier), leaf sucking coleopteran beetle and Monolepta signata (Oliv.) The insect pests encountered in the Oilseeds Cultivation Centre, Patgram, Lalmonirhat were: a pyrrhocorid bug, Dysdercus koenigii Fab. and a pentatomid bug, Piezodorus hyubneri Gmelin (Fab.). The efficacy of five plant extracts or botanicals e.g., Bara Bishkatali (Polygonum orientale L.) leaf, custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) leaf, castor (Ricinus communis L.) seed oil and sesame oil (Sesamum indicum), a mixture of Neem (Azadirachta indica L.) seed oil and sesame oil have been evaluated for their pesticide action in the suppression of dominant insect pests of sesame. The treatment of custard apple leaf extract produced significant result in pest control and crop yield next to sesame oil. Other treatments also exhibited better results in comparison to the control. The yields were 858 and 642 kg per acre in the crop fields of Lalmonirhat and Rajshahi districts respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i1.18851 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(1), 31-34, 2014
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(Holey), Anita Kale, and Shilpa A. Varade. "A REVIEW ON NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF TILA (SESAMUM INDICUM)." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 5 (May 15, 2021): 1108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2709052021.
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Tila (Sesamum indicum L.) consists of dried seeds of Sesamum indicum Linn. (Fam, Pedaliaceae), a rich source of edible oil. It is belonging to the family Pedaliaceaeis cultivated throughout the plains of India. Most of the oils used in Ayurvedic medicines has sesame oil as a base. Sesame was a major oilseed in the ancient world because of its ease of abstraction, its great stability, and its drought resistance. Sesame seeds have an excellent nutritional value. The seeds are especially high in copper, manganese, calcium, and magnesium. Tila is having Guru, Snigdha guna, madhu rasa, ushna veerya and having Madhur Vipak. The Bhavaprakasha Nighantu de- scribes three types of Tila seeds, viz., black, white and red. Black and white among white variety sesame seeds contain more quantity of lignin compounds. The black sesame seeds are rich in B vitamins and iron. It is also rich in calcium and zinc. These minerals help to support healthy bones, muscles, blood, and nervous system. Keywords: Tila, Rasa, Veerya, Sesamum indicum, Sesame.
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Dadayan, Ani S., Artavazd S. Poghosyan, Samvel G. Ghazaryan, Ella V. Minasyan, Anahit M. Hovhannisyan, and Slavik A. Dadayan. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF WHITE AND BLACK SESAME OILS AND DEVELOPMENT OF A RELATIVELY EFFICIENT METHOD FOR ISOLATING THE NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT SESAMOL." Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences 56, no. 3 (259) (November 28, 2022): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/pysu:b/2022.56.3.203.
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The work is devoted to a comparative study of the fatty acid composition of white and black sesame oils, as well as the development of a relatively effective method for isolating the natural antioxidant sesamol. The purpose of this work was to determine the comparative indicators of the content of fatty and free organic acids in the studied oils by gas and high-performance liquid chromatography, confirm their suitability and further use. The optimal conditions for obtaining high-quality unrefined oil from sesame seeds for the food and pharmaceutical industries were determined by the method of cold pressing (pressing chamber temperature was 100℃, oil outlet temperature was ≤ 40℃). Under these conditions, the oil yield was 30% and 27%, respectively. It was shown that finished sesame seed oils contain a highly effective natural antioxidant sesamol (oxyhydroquinone methyl ester) – 0.140 mg/kg, due to which they can be stored at room conditions for more than 3 years. The extracts of squeezes of sesame oils contain valuable free organic acids: oxalic – 0.017 mg/mL, malic – 0.02 mg/mL, fumaric – 0.001 mg/mL. Based on the research, the fatty acid composition of oils was determined and a relatively effective method for the complex processing of sesame raw materials was developed to obtain a highly effective natural antioxidant sesamol.
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Kishlyan, N. V., M. Sh Asfandiyarova, Y. V. Yakusheva, and A. G. Dubovskaya. "Biological features and cultivation of sesame (a review)." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 182, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2021-4-156-165.
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Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop grown throughout the arid and subarid climates. Sesame oil has a good taste and is appreciated for its beneficial properties. The genus Sesamum L. (Pedaliaceae Lindl.) includes up to 38 species. The only cultivated species is S. indicum L. (2n = 26). It is grown in areas located between 45° N and 45° S. South Africa is considered the homeland of S. indicum. Sesame seeds contain 50–63% of oil, 25–27% of protein, 20% of carbohydrates, and are sources of such micronutrients as copper, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, vitamins A, B1, C and E. Sesame seeds and oil are used not only in the food industry but also in medicine. Sesame meal is a good animal feed. Recently, thanks to the deciphering of the sesame nuclear genome and the development of various genomic resources, including molecular markers for qualitative and quantitative characters, molecular breeding has become possible for such agronomic traits as high oil content and its composition, drought resistance, resistance to waterlogging, disease resistance, and high yield. The world production of sesame seeds according to FAO estimates for 2019 was about 7 million tons. The largest cropping areas are located in Africa, India, and China. In Russia, sesame can be grown in southern regions: Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov and Astrakhan Provinces. Breeding work on sesame was carried out at the All-Union Research Institute of Oil Crops, where cultivars resistant to bacterial blight and Fusarium wilt were developed. Currently, sesame breeding programs are absent in Russia. There are over 25,000 sesame accessions in the world’s genebanks, including about 1,500 accessions in the VIR collection.
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Ogawa, Toshiko, Junko Nishio, and Shinobu Okada. "Effect of Edible Sesame Oil on Growth of Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans." Biological Research For Nursing 16, no. 3 (September 19, 2013): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800413501539.
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Elderly individuals are at increased risk of oral thrush (oral candidiasis) due to decreased saliva secretion. Due to their antimicrobial properties, edible oils can be effective natural agents for oral care. The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of sesame oil, which is widely used for cooking in Asian countries, and two other edible oils on the growth of both mycelial and yeast forms of five clinical isolates of Candida albicans, a causative microorganism of oral thrush. We assessed the effect of each oil in concentrations of 0.078%, 0.156%, and 0.313% on growth of the mycelial forms of the clinical isolates over 24 hr using the crystal violet method. We also evaluated the effect of each oil on growth of the yeast forms by counting the number of viable yeast cells after culturing in the oils for 24 hr. Sesame oil inhibited the growth of both mycelial and yeast forms. Safflower and olive oil also inhibited the growth of both forms of C. albicans but to a lesser extent than sesame oil. The ability to inhibit the growth of the mycelial form correlated with sesame oil concentration. Roasting influenced growth inhibition ability and high-roasted sesame oil most effectively inhibited the yeast form. The growth inhibitory effect differed among the five isolates. We hypothesize that the sesamin and fatty acid components of sesame oil are involved in its antifungal activity.
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Girish, K., Chaithra S, and Syeda Fathima. "Effect of essential oils on seed borne Fusarium sp., and seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Journal of Tropical Life Science 11, no. 1 (February 3, 2021): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.01.13.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is as an important oilseed crop and seed borne fungi are reducing the yield as well as quality of the seeds produced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils for control of seed borne fungi as well as enhancement of seed quality of sesame. Fusarium sp., was isolated from sesame seeds by agar plate method. Four essential oils such as camphor oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil and rose oil were screened for their antifungal potential against the isolated Fusarium sp., by poisoned food method. Selected essential oils were tested at different concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of test fungi. All the oils completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungi at 500 ppm concentration. The effect of selected essential oils on sesame seed quality was analyzed by standard blotter method. All the four oils increased the germination percentage and seed vigour while the fungal infection was completely inhibited without any phytotoxic effects. Comparatively, clove oil showed the best activity followed by camphor oil, cinnamon oil and rose oil. These results observed of the essential oils indicate the possible usage of them for the sesame seed treatment following further investigations.
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Song, Shengnan, Jun You, Lisong Shi, Chen Sheng, Wangyi Zhou, Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou, Komivi Dossa, Linhai Wang, and Xiurong Zhang. "Genome-Wide Analysis of nsLTP Gene Family and Identification of SiLTPs Contributing to High Oil Accumulation in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105291.
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The biosynthesis and storage of lipids in oil crop seeds involve many gene families, such as nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs). nsLTPs are cysteine-rich small basic proteins essential for plant development and survival. However, in sesame, information related to nsLTPs was limited. Thus, the objectives of this study were to identify the Sesamum indicum nsLTPs (SiLTPs) and reveal their potential role in oil accumulation in sesame seeds. Genome-wide analysis revealed 52 SiLTPs, nonrandomly distributed on 10 chromosomes in the sesame variety Zhongzhi 13. Following recent classification methods, the SiLTPs were divided into nine types, among which types I and XI were the dominants. We found that the SiLTPs could interact with several transcription factors, including APETALA2 (AP2), DNA binding with one finger (Dof), etc. Transcriptome analysis showed a tissue-specific expression of some SiLTP genes. By integrating the SiLTPs expression profiles and the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) results of two contrasting oil content sesame varieties, we identified SiLTPI.23 and SiLTPI.28 as the candidate genes for high oil content in sesame seeds. The presumed functions of the candidate gene were validated through overexpression of SiLTPI.23 in Arabidopsis thaliana. These findings expand our knowledge on nsLTPs in sesame and provide resources for functional studies and genetic improvement of oil content in sesame seeds.
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Yu, Qiong, Xue-De Wang, Hua-Min Liu, and Yu-Xiang Ma. "Preparation and Characterization of Solid Acid Catalysts for the Conversion of Sesamin into Asarinin in Sesame Oil." Foods 11, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11091225.
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Asarinin, an isomer of sesamin, has attracted attention because it has stronger biological properties than sesamin. The research on the conversion of sesamin into asarinin is limited. In this study, solid acid catalysts were screened and applied to promote the conversion of sesamin into asarinin in sesame oil. The results showed that citric acid loaded on zeolite beta (CTAH) was the optimal catalyst for asarinin production among the prepared catalysts. Characterization showed that CTAH had the greatest pore volume, largest surface area and strongest acid content. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the reaction conditions for asarinin yield using CTAH. The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: temperature, 85 °C; time, 2.7 h; catalyst amount, 1.6%. The predicted and experimental values of asarinin yield were 50.79 and 51.80 mg/100 g, respectively. The peroxide value and color in sesame oil samples treated with CTAH were clearly improved. In short, CTAH is a solid acid catalyst with potential application in the industrial conversion of sesamin into asarinin and in the improvement of sesame oil.
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Yun, Eun Young, and Suyeon Kim. "Organic Residues Analysis of Oil Bottle of Goryeo Dynasty Excavated from the Soejeoul Site, Geumneung-dong, Chungju." Journal of Conservation Science 37, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 638–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2021.37.6.03.
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Organic residues are substances derived from diverse natural sources. Recent scientific analysis of organic residues has yielded important information in restoring the lifestyles of ancient peoples. In this study, the organic material contained within the celadon oil bottle of the Goryeo dynasty, excavated from the Soejoul site in Geumneung-dong, Chungju, was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results showed that the organic materials in the bottle were plant-derived oils. In particular, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols were detected using GC-MS analysis. Sesamin components were also identified. Sesamin, which is a characteristic component of sesame seeds, is a lignan and an antioxidant. As the organic residues in the oil bottle were derived from sesame seeds, it is presumed that sesame oil was stored in the bottle.
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Ostovan, Maryam, Mohammad Hossein Anbardar, Hajar Khazraei, Seyyed Mohammad bagher Fazljou, Zahra Khodabandeh, Seyedeh Azra Shamsdin, Mostafa Araj Khodaei, and Mohammadali Torbati. "The Short-Term Effects of Pistacia Lentiscus Oil and Sesame Oil on Liver and Kidney Pathology of Rats and Human Cancer Cell Lines." Galen Medical Journal 9 (December 29, 2020): 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v9i0.2001.
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Background: Vegetable oils recently have been evaluated in many tissues. Pistacia lentiscus (mastic) of the Anacardiaceae family and Sesamum indicum (sesame) of the Pedaliaceae family are conventionally used in the management of gastrointestinal, lung, and skin illnesses. This assay attempts to determine if the oral usage of mastic and sesame oils has any short-term toxic effects in vivo on the rat and evaluate the human anticancer effect in vitro. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one male Sprague-Dewley rats were assigned to three groups randomly: (A) control, (B) mastic oil (400 mg/kg), and (C) sesame oil (2cc/kg). The effects of these oils were investigated by determining histopathological and stereological parameters after six days, and the anticancer effects were evaluated on SW48, HepG2 human cell lines. Results: A mild chronic interstitial inflammation was seen in just one kidney of mastic oil group (B) and the other oneswere normal. In the sesame oil group (C), mild chronic interstitial inflammation was seen in six kidneys. In the liver samples of both groups, there were no specific pathological findings. Different concentrations of mastic oil (0.1%-5%) reduced the cell viability of SW48, HepG2, HEK293t, and human fat cells. Conclusion: Mastic and sesame oils have some side-effects on the kidney and might not be safe at high doses in rats. Sesame oil did not have any toxic effect on HepG2 and HEK293t human cancer cells. Mastic oil treatment has inhibited specific SW48 cells, so this oil seems to be a good adjuvant to chemotherapy in colon treatments.[GMJ.2020;9:e2001]
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Guzmán, Romel, Juieta Gómez, and Samuel Chocrón. "Potential use of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oil and sesame oil cake in the development of spreadable cocoa cream." American Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 2, no. 1 (October 25, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajfsn.506.
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Global trends in food in recent years indicate a marked interest of consumers towards certain foods, which, in addition to the nutritional value, provide benefits to the physiological functions of the human body. Sesame seeds (variety DV-9) was used for the formulation of cocoa-based spread products with partial addition of sesame oil and sesame oil cake. Physical characterization and chemical composition of raw materials and formulation were performed. The formulations presented rheological behaved like non-Newtonian fluids. F4 as thixotropic fluid and F2; F3; F5 as Bingham plastics. All formulations also presented superior nutritional properties compared to similar commercial products. The use of sesame seeds is beneficial and achievable
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Ayouaz, Siham, Djazia Bensadia, Fatiha Hamitri-Guerfi, Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Khokha Mouhoubi, Radia Arab, Youcef Rahmani, Sara Guemouni, Samir Hadjal, and Khodir Madani. "Impact of incorporating sesame oil (Sesamum indicum L.) in an Algerian frying oil and margarine formulation." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 6, no. 14 (December 27, 2022): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.6.14.165-177.
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Background and aims: This study, carried out in collaboration with the research and development department of the "Cevital spa" agri-food unit, aimed to incorporate sesame oil into the formulation of two fatty food products: a frying oil and margarine to improve their physicochemical and organoleptic qualities. Methods: The sesame oil was obtained from the sesame seed by cold pressing to preserve its nutritional characteristics. The frying oil was elaborated with a mixture of three oils (sunflower, soybean, and non-roasted sesame). The margarine was enriched with 2 % of roasted sesame and then, the quality of the products was assessed. Gas chromatography (GC-FID) profile indicated that sesame oil is an oleic-linoleic rich oil with saturated fatty acid (SFA) / unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) ratio from of 0.11. Results: The organoleptic tests and physicochemical analyses, including the oil, showed that the resulting recipe is a combined oil rich in n-6 and n-9, offering an interesting ratio of MUFA /PUFA and with a SFA content of 11.49 % for an appropriate utilization in frying and cooking. Enriched margarine showed compliance with the standards set by the Codex Alimentarius and has a characteristic taste, smell and appearance, color and spread ability to the product with a sesame note. Conclusion: The results of the current study support the sesame oil supplementation to conventional frying oil and to commercial margarine. Sesame oil may therefore be an alternative source of fatty acids that could contribute to the diversification of combined oils.
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El-Beltagi, Hossam S., Rabab W. Maraei, Abeer E. El-Ansary, Adel A. Rezk, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, and Amina A. Aly. "Characterizing the Bioactive Ingredients in Sesame Oil Affected by Multiple Roasting Methods." Foods 11, no. 15 (July 28, 2022): 2261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11152261.
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Roasting is an important step in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) processing. The current research was undertaken to evaluate the oil content, fatty acid (FA) profiles, andphysicochemical characteristics of oil recovered from sesame roasted by different methods (cooker oven, stovetop pan, microwave, and electric frying pan). Roasting sesame seeds changed their oil content according to the roasting method used, with content ranging from 49.83% in control to 59.85% in the roasting by microwave. In oils recovered from raw or roasted seeds, seven fatty acids were obtained through gas chromatography. Changes in the fatty acid profiles occurred in all the treatments, and the total unsaturated fatty acid content was higher than that of saturated fatty acids. The obtained peroxide number of sesame oils was inside the rate of 3.90 meq/kg oil for microwave treatment versus 1.59 meq/kg oil for unroasted. The highest acid value was with the stovetop pan treatment at 3.78 mg/g, followed by the microwave treatment at 3.24 mg/g; the oven treatment gave the lowest value at 1.66 mg/g. The lowest iodine value was observed with the electric frying pan treatment (102.30/100g oil), and phytosterols were most abundant with the microwave treatment. Moreover, the phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity were the highest with the microwave roasting. The FTIR spectrum illustrated slight differences in peaks intensity (1738, 1454, 1151, 710 cm−1) between the roasting methods used. The finding of the current investigation of roasting methodswas that the fatty acid profiles wereacrossmethods. As is clear from the obtained results, the microwave roasting treatment is the favoured roasting methodfor the healthiest sesame seed oil contents. Sesame seeds are considered a significant and abundant resource with numerous beneficial nutrients that positively affect human health.
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Bagnall, Roger S. "Vegetable Seed Oil is Sesame Oil." Chronique d'Egypte 75, no. 149 (January 2000): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.cde.2.309134.
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Sun, Weihong, and Ronghui Xiao. "Determination of sesamol in sesame oil by anion exchange solid phase extraction coupled with HPLC." Anal. Methods 6, no. 16 (2014): 6432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay00663a.
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Manaf, Abdul, Mehreen Shoukat, Ahmad Sher, Abdul Qayyum, and Ahmad Nawaz. "SEED YIELD AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) AS AFFECTED BY SILICON APPLICATION UNDER A SEMI-ARID CLIMATE." Agrociencia 54, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v54i3.1912.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a short duration, low input and highly drought tolerant conventional oilseed crop with high edible seed oil contents. This study was aimed to evaluate the response of four sesame genotypes to silicon (Si) application under a semi-arid climate. For this study, we hypothesized that Si application may improve seed yield, oil contents and fatty acid composition in sesame. The experimental design was a two factor-factorial randomized complete block, replicated four times, and the treatments were four sesame genotypes (TS-3, SG-120, SG-169 and SG-170) and three Si levels (0, 22 and 44 kg ha-1). The data was analyzed statistically with the ‘Statistics 8.1’ software. The genotype TS-3 had the highest (p£0.05) seed yield (479.1 kg ha-1), oil content (40.2%), oleic acid (41.8%), and the lowest content of palmitic acid (6.37%) and linoleic acid (38.5%). Silicon application significantly enhanced the seed yield, oil and unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acid) contents and reduced the saturated fatty acid (palmitic and stearic acid) over control. The highest seed yield (487.8 kg ha-1), oil contents (38%), oleic acid (40.9%), linoleic acid (41.7%), as well as the lowest palmitic acid (6.49%) and stearic acid (3.66%) were recorded with the application of 44 kg Si ha-1. The seed yield of sesame genotypes followed the order TS-3>SG-120>SG-169>SG-170.
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Hassan, A. B., I. A. Mohamed Ahmed, K. A. Sir Elkhatim, R. A. A. Elagib, N. S. Mahmoud, M. M. Mohamed, A. M. Salih, and G. Fadimu. "Controlling fungal growth in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds with γ-irradiation: impacts on some properties of sesame oil." Grasas y Aceites 70, no. 2 (February 19, 2019): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0933182.
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This study investigated the free fatty acids, fatty acid profile, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity of sesame seed oil extracted from γ-irradiated seeds and the decontamination effects of the treatment on fungal incidence in the seeds. Gamma irradiation reduced (P ≤ 0.05) fungal growth and colony forming units of sesame seeds in a dose-dependent manner. The free fatty acid content of sesame oil decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in irradiated samples compared to non-radiated controls, but there was no difference (P ≥ 0.05) between samples treated at doses ≥ 1.0 kGy. A concomitant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in total phenolic and scavenging activity was observed in the oil extracted from γ-irradiated sesame seeds in comparison with non-radiated samples, while free fatty acid (FFA) content decreased. The results obtained in the present study demonstrate that γ-irradiation at low doses can be used as an effective post-harvest preservation method for sesame seeds without a major effect on the quality of sesame oil.
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Chiu, John T., and Irene B. Haydik. "Sesame seed oil anaphylaxis." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 88, no. 3 (September 1991): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(91)90106-x.
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Hsu, Dur-Zong, Chuan-Teng Liu, Pei-Yi Chu, Ya-Hui Li, Srinivasan Periasamy, and Ming-Yie Liu. "Sesame Oil Attenuates Ovalbumin-Induced Pulmonary Edema and Bronchial Neutrophilic Inflammation in Mice." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/905670.
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Background. Allergic asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases of airways. Severe asthma may lead to hospitalization and death. Sesame oil is a natural product with anti-inflammatory property. However, the effect of sesame oil on allergic asthma has never been studied.Objective. We investigate the effect of sesame oil on pulmonary inflammation in allergic asthma model.Methods. Allergic airway inflammation was induced by sensitizing with two doses of 10 mg ovalbumin (OVA) and then challenged with 1% OVA nebulizer exposure (1 h/day) for 3 days. Sesame oil (0.25, 0.5, or 1 mL/kg/day) was given orally 30 min before each challenge. Samples were collected 24 h after the last challenge.Results. Data showed that sesame oil inhibited pulmonary edema and decreased interleukin (IL)-1βand IL-6 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in OVA-treated mice. Sesame oil also decreased pulmonary nitrite level, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and neutrophil infiltration induced by OVA. Further, sesame oil decreased serum IgE level in OVA-treated mice.Conclusion. Sesame oil may attenuate pulmonary edema and bronchial neutrophilic inflammation by inhibiting systemic IgE level in allergic asthma.
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A. Al-Awar, Mohammed Sadeg, Amani Hamood A. Serag, Marzoq Ali Odhah, and Nabil Ahmed Albaser. "Synergistic Effect of Yemeni Sesame Oil and Squalene on Hyperlipidemia-induced Reproductive Damage in Male Rats." Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences 59, no. 4 (December 27, 2022): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53560/ppasb(59-4)752.
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This study was purposed to explore the synergistic amelioration effect and optimal feeding time of sesame oil and squalene on hyperlipemia-induced sexual dysfunction rats. We established the hyperlipidemia-induced reproductive damage model, the three groups of test substances (sesame oil, a mixture of sesame oil and squalene, and sildenafil) were orally administrated to those hyperlipidemic rats on day 30 and day 60. The results showed that compared with the pure sesame oil, the mixture of sesame oil and squalene can synergistically decrease concentration levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C, significantly increasing the serum testosterone level and sperm count of the epididymal tail, which the 30 days’ effect was better than the day 60. Compared with the model control (MC) group, the Organ Coefficient of penile increased significantly in the sesame oil (SO), sesame oil+ Squalene (SOS), and Sildenafil (SN) group, and no pathological changes were found in the penile and testis in above three groups at the day 30 and the day 60. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that sesame oil and squalene have a synergistic amelioration effect on lowering blood lipid and promoting the recovery of erectile and sexual function on hyperlipemia-induced reproductive damage rats at day 30. However, further studies should be carried out to deeply elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Sesame oil and squalene in lowering blood lipids and improving sexual function in vivo.
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Azanaw, Asfaw, Chemeda Fininsa, Samuel O. Sahile, and Geremew Terefe. "Assessment of Sesame Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Sesami) on Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in North Gondar, Ethiopia." ABC Journal of Advanced Research 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcjar.v7i2.81.
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Sesame is one of the important oil crops in Ethiopia for the international market while its production has challenged by lack of appropriate agronomic practices, weather uncertainties, weeds, insects and diseases outbreaks. Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris PV. sesami is the most common and inflicts heavy qualitative and quantitative losses. The objectives of the present study were to assess bacterial blight incidence, severity and its association with agronomic practices in north Gondar Ethiopia. A Field survey was conducted in Metema and Mirab Armachiho in 2014 cropping season at flowering and fruiting growth stages. A total of 80 fields were assessed for the disease assessment from both large and small-scale farmers. Data on prevalence, incidence, severity and, management practices have been recorded. All surveyed fields were infected both at flowering and fruiting stage of the crop. Mean incidence over the two districts varied from 78% at Metema to 96.5% at Mirab Armachiho. The minimum mean severity (6.1%) has been recorded in Metema district and, the highest mean severity (76.9%) has been recorded at Mirab Armachiho. The association of independent variables with bacterial blight incidence and severity were varied. The district, variety, growth stage, altitude, slope, crop density, previous crop, soil type, and weed density variables have significantly associated with bacterial blight incidence. Variables producer and sowing date were non-significant as a single predictor in the logistic regression model. Similarly, all the variables were significantly associated with bacterial blight severity.
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Shi, Lili, Ziyu Cui, and Wei Liu. "Effect of Chemical Refining on the Reduction of β-Carboline Content in Sesame Seed Oil." Molecules 28, no. 11 (June 1, 2023): 4503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114503.
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β-carbolines (harman and norharman) are potentially mutagenic and have been reported in some vegetable oils. Sesame seed oil is obtained from roasted sesame seeds. During sesame oil processing, roasting is the key procedure to aroma enhancement, in which β-carbolines are produced. Pressed sesame seed oils cover most market share, while leaching solvents are used to extract oils from the pressed sesame cake to improve the utilization of the raw materials. β-carbolines are nonpolar heterocyclic aromatic amines with good solubility in leaching solvents (n-hexane); therefore, the β-carbolines in sesame cake migrated to the leaching sesame seed oil. The refining procedures are indispensable for leaching sesame seed oil, in which some small molecules can be reduced. Thus, the critical aim is to evaluate the changes in β-carboline content during the refining of leaching sesame seed oil and the key process steps for the removal of β-carbolines. In this work, the levels of β-carbolines (harman and norharman) in sesame seed oil during chemical refining processes (degumming, deacidification, bleaching and deodorization) have been determined using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results indicated that in the entire refining process, the levels of total β-carbolines greatly decreased, and the adsorption decolorization was the most effective process in reducing β-carbolines, which might be related to the adsorbent used in the decolorization process. In addition, the effects of adsorbent type, adsorbent dosage and blended adsorbent on β-carbolines in sesame seed oil during the decolorization process were investigated. It was concluded that oil refining can not only improve the quality of sesame seed oil, but also reduce most of the harmful β-carbolines.
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CHO, CHUNG Y., KATHERINE O. IVENS, WILLIAM L. NOWATZKE, JASON ROBOTHAM, MANSOUR SAMADPOUR, THOMAS GRACE, KERRY G. OLIVER, and ERIC A. E. GARBER. "Extension of xMAP Food Allergen Detection Assay to Include Sesame." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-304.
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ABSTRACT An estimated 0.1 to 0.2% of the North American population is allergic to sesame, and deaths due to anaphylactic shock have been reported. Detecting and quantifying sesame in various food samples is critical to safeguard the allergic population by ensuring accurate ingredient labeling. Because of the modular nature of the xMAP Food Allergen Detection Assay (FADA), it was possible through method extension to add sesame as a validated additional analyte. Because raw and toasted sesame are both commonly used and the two display significantly different antigenicity, three antibodies, one monoclonal and two polyclonal, were conjugated to bead sets to ensure reliable detection. The modified xMAP FADA successfully detected sesame incurred or spiked in baked muffins, spice mix, canola oil, and in both raw and toasted sesame oils with limit of quantitation values ≤ 1.3 ppm of sesame. Canola oil, sesame oil, toasted sesame oil, and olive oil inhibited sesame detection, as did the detection of sesame incurred in foods containing oil (e.g., hummus). Despite this inhibition, the xMAP FADA was still able to reliably detect sesame at levels throughout the dynamic range of the assay (22 to 750 ng of protein per mL) in all the foods examined. Further, the high signal-to-noise ratio of the lowest calibration standard and preliminary studies conjugating the antibodies at higher concentrations indicate an ability to increase the sensitivity of the assay should the need arise. HIGHLIGHTS
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Alemu, Zemedkun, and Workishet Taye. "Manejo de plagas de sésamo en Etiopía: una revisión." Peruvian Journal of Agronomy 6, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/pja.v6i3.1973.
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Sesame is Ethiopia’s most significant oil crop, especially Tigray, Amhara, and some lowland Oromia, Somalia, and the Gambella region. Consequently, the crop is exposed to a wide range of insect pests feeding on leaves, flowers, pods, and seeds affecting sesame yields. This article review provides information on the biology, nature of the damage, and management methods of economically important sesame pests. Sesame webworm, Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel) is the most common and frequently encountered pre-harvest pest of sesame. Sesame seed bugs, Elasmolmus sordidus (Fabricus) is also the most serious under field and storage conditions. Gall fly, Asphondylia sesami (Felt) could become a severe insect issue because of sesame gall formation, and Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) is a critical stored pest and a significant challenging of crop sesame in Ethiopia. Reports on minor pests are also listed. This paper summarizes current knowledge on pest management strategies, including cultural, biological, and botanical methods, and pesticide applications. The information gathered here indicates that the bioecology, host range, host plant resistance, the occurrence of insecticide resistance, and the development of integrated pest management methods for economical insect pests need to be addressed.
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Guimarães, Rita de Cássia Avellaneda, Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo, Cláudia Leite Munhoz, Wander Filiu, Luís Henrique Viana, Vanessa Taís Nozaki, and Priscila Aiko Hiane. "Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats." Food Science and Technology 33, no. 1 (March 26, 2013): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612013005000029.
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This study evaluated the nutritional value of sesame and flaxseed oils and their effects on the lipid and glucose profile of rats fed diets containing different fat combinations. Fatty acid composition, refractive index, and iodine and saponification values were analyzed to characterize the oils. In the biological assay, Wistar rats were fed different diets, whose fat composition consisted of varying combinations of flaxseed oil, sesame oil, and animal fat. The primary constituents of the sesame oil were oleic (28.6%), linoleic (28.4%), and lauric acid (14.6%); for the flaxseed oil they were alpha-linolenic (39.90%), oleic (17.97%) and linoleic acid (12.25%). The iodine and saponification values of the oils were within the reference range. Rats fed flaxseed oil-based diets had the lowest serum cholesterol values, whereas rats fed diets with flaxseed oil + sesame oil + animal fat had the highest glucose levels. HDL levels decreased significantly with flaxseed oil. Sesame and flaxseed oils are sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and the flaxseed oil-based diet had a hypocholesterolemic effect, whereas sesame oil showed oxidative stability since it contains high levels of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
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J.M.N. Marikkar. "Fortification of coconut oil with sesame oil through micro expeller extraction process." CORD 22, no. 2 (October 1, 2006): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v22i2.171.
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Value addition to coconut oil is highly desirable in order to increase the range of coconut products. A study was conducted to formulate palatable coconut oil (CNO) blends enriched with essential fatty acid (EFA) using sesame seed as the supplementary source of EFA. For this purpose, micro-expelling process was employed to extract oil blends out of the dried coconut grating mixed with varying proportion of sesame seed (w/w; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10%). A sensory evaluation by a 30-member semi-trained panel was conducted using a seven-point hedonic scale in order to determine the critical limit of CNO fortification with sesame. Similarly, changes in fatty acid composition were determined using Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Statistical analysis of the sensory data showed that a mild odor of sesame started to appear in the oil blends at 4% level of sesame mixed with dried coconut gratings. According to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis, the relative increase in linoleic acid was only marginal although there was a substantial increase in unsaturated fatty acid component. At 5% level of fortification, the increment in linoleic acid was 9.2%.
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Pham, Toan D. "Using SSR markers for evaluation of genetic variation among sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions." Journal of Agriculture and Development 19, no. 05 (October 30, 2020): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.05.2020.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an annual plant belonging to the Pedaliaceae family which is the oldest of the oilseed plants. Sesame is known as the king of oilseeds because its seeds contain high oil content (50-60%). The objective of the study was to evaluate the genetic variation of sesame accessions based on ten SSR markers. The results showed that all sesame accessions showed high genetic similarity among individuals in each accession. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.24 (TNB17) to 0.37 (MT20). HO varied from 0.04 (MT30) to 0.25 (GENE1). The highest HE was 0.37 (MT20) and the lowest HE was 0.28 (TNB17). The results also displayed the high genetic diversity among 7 sesame accessions. The genetic diversity distance varied from 0.0 to 1.0. Dendrogram analysis divided 7 sesame accessions into 5 clear groups at an average genetic distance of 0.25. The results achieved would be useful information for genetic evaluation and sesame breeding development in the future.
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Sirisha, A. B. M., Tulasi Lakshmi Thentu, and SK Haseena Banu. "Adhesive bud method: A novel crossing technique in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) 82, no. 03 (September 30, 2022): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.13.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil seed crop of tropical and subtropical countries. Sesame is an autogamous indeterminate crop. Crossing programme plays a major role in creating variability. The main objective of the present work is the development of Adhesive Bud Method, a novel crossing technique in sesame. Here, emasculation and pollination were carried out parallelly during 3.00 PM to 6.00 PM Foreign pollen contamination is completely restricted using this procedure. Pollination is affected whenever the pollen dehisces and stigma attains receptivity.Five straight cross combinations are attempted using Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique in sesame. It resulted in 52–68 percentage of capsule development with effective hybridization of the desirable parents. This novel Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique, helps the sesame breeders adapt an easy, effective and efficient crossing programme
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Samuel, Nwobasi Chukwudi, and Attamah Chinyere Genevieve. "Proximate Analysis and Phytochemical Properties of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Seeds Grown and Consumed In Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria." International Journal of Health and Medicine 2, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijhm.2017.2.4.01.
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Proximate and phytochemical compositions of Sesamum indicum seeds cultivated and consumed in Abakaliki, were determined. Abakaliki is the capital of Ebonyi State, one of the five south-eastern states of Nigeria. Sesame seeds are edible seeds which grow in pods. The fruit is a pubescent capsule grooved with a short triangular beak. Proximate analysis was carried out using the methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, A.O.A.C. (1997), while phytochemical analysis was carried out using the methods described by Harborne (1973). Sesame is principally cultivated in the northern part of Nigeria. However, bountiful harvest has been recorded recently in some southern states including Abakaliki, Ebonyi. This research was thus carried out to determine the effect of change in soil and climatic conditions on the nutritional contents of sesame. Proximate analysis indicated that sesame seeds contained 28.37% carbohydrate, 26.63% fats/oil, 23.32% protein, 7.37% moisture, 10.28% crude fibre and 4.02% ash. Determination of the phytochemical contents of the seed showed the presence of saponin (5.60mg/100g), alkaloid (4.80mg/100g), tannin (3.87mg/100g), phenol (13.83mg/100g) and flavonoids (18.03mg/100g). Statistical analyses showed that carbohydrates, fats/oil and proteins occur in significant quantities; an indication that sesame seeds possess high nutritive values. Also, the presence of significant values of some phytochemicals like flavonoids and phenol implies that sesame seeds are endowed with antioxidant and other medicinal potentials. Consumption of Sesamum indicum seeds is thus recommended as part of daily dietary intake due to the high nutritional and medicinal values.
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Zhou, Jia-Chun, Da-Wei Feng, and Guo-Sheng Zheng. "Extraction of sesamin from sesame oil using macroporous resin." Journal of Food Engineering 100, no. 2 (September 2010): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.04.011.
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Myint, Daisy, Syed A. Gilani, Makoto Kawase, and Kazuo N. Watanabe. "Sustainable Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Production through Improved Technology: An Overview of Production, Challenges, and Opportunities in Myanmar." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2020): 3515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093515.
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This paper aims to review the research achievements concerning sustainable sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production and outlook on the production constraints and future perspectives for Myanmar sesame. Sesame is an economically and nutritionally important crop, and it is prized for oil. The global sesame market demand is rising with increasing health awareness. Meanwhile, there is high competition in the market among producing countries for an international trade. Smallholder farmers in developing countries cultivate sesame as a cash crop on marginal soils. The edible oilseed sectors currently face several challenges, including ones affecting sesame crops. For sustainable production of sesame, an integrated approach is needed to overcome these challenges and the critical limiting factors should be identified. In recent years, sesame genomic resources, including molecular markers, genetic maps, genome sequences, and online functional databases, are available for sesame genetic improvement programs. Since ancient times, sesame has been cultivated in Myanmar, but productivity is still lower than that of other sesame producing countries. Myanmar sesame production is limited by many factors, including production technology, research and development, etc. With integration of these genomic resources, crop production and protection techniques, postharvest practices, crop improvement programs, and capacity building will play a crucial role for improving sesame production in Myanmar.
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Chau, Chi-Fai, Jhih-Ying Ciou, and Chung-Li Wu. "Commercialized Sesame Oil Analysis: Quality Characterization and Oxidative Stability of Blended Sesame Oil." ACS Food Science & Technology 1, no. 7 (July 28, 2021): 1222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.1c00008.
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Wickramapala, A. D., D. G. Edirisinghe, P. K. I. L. Jayarathna, A. M. W. K. Senevirathna, and C. G. Bandara. "Evaluation of suitability of sesame oil as an alternative for aromatic processing oil in natural rubber composites." Journal of the Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka 102, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jrrisl.v102i1.1912.
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Polycyclic aromatic oils, high in aromatic content are used in tyre compounds as processing aids and these have been found to be carcinogenic. Therefore, it is necessary to find processing aids consisting of a low content of aromatics which would help to overcome the problem associated with the use of petroleum-based aromatic oils. The main aim of this research was to develop carbon black filled natural rubber (NR) composites using environmentally friendly sesame oil as the processing aid. Initially sesame oil was characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red analysis. Thereafter, a series of NR based tyre tread compounds was prepared by varying the sesame oil loading from 3-9 phr at 2 phr intervals. Cure characteristics, physico-mechanical and swelling properties of these composites were evaluated and compared with those of the composite prepared with the aromatic processing oil, Dutrex-R (control). Dispersibility of carbon black in all the NR composites was assessed. Viscosity, processing safety and cure rate of the composite produced with 5 phr sesame oil were higher compared to the control and indicated that the oil behaves as a co-activator in rubber compounds. Hardness, modulus at 100% elongation and abrasion volume loss of the vulcanizates prepared with more than 5 phr sesame oil were lower, whereas tensile strength, elongation at break and resilience were higher than those of the control. Tear strength and compression set of the vulcanizates prepared with 5 phr sesame oil were comparable to those of the control. Further, the former vulcanizate showed a higher and lower swelling indices in toluene and water, respectively compared to the control. Furthermore, the vulcanizates prepared with sesame oil showed better ageing resistance in comparison to the control. Hence, sesame oil could be a suitable alternative for Dutrex-R in tyre tread compounds at 5 phr level.
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Wei, Panpan, Fenglan Zhao, Zhen Wang, Qibao Wang, Xiaoyun Chai, Guige Hou, and Qingguo Meng. "Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Composition, Health Benefits, Development of Food, and Industrial Applications." Nutrients 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 4079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14194079.
Full textAbstract:
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), of the Pedaliaceae family, is one of the first oil crops used in humans. It is widely grown and has a mellow flavor and high nutritional value, making it very popular in the diet. Sesame seeds are rich in protein and lipids and have many health benefits. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials have found sesame seeds to be rich in lignan-like active ingredients. They have antioxidant, cholesterol reduction, blood lipid regulation, liver and kidney protection, cardiovascular system protection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other effects, which have great benefits to human health. In addition, the aqueous extract of sesame has been shown to be safe for animals. As an important medicinal and edible homologous food, sesame is used in various aspects of daily life such as food, feed, and cosmetics. The health food applications of sesame are increasing. This paper reviews the progress of research on the nutritional value, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and processing uses of sesame to support the further development of more functionalities of sesame.
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Cebova, Martina, Radoslava Rehakova, Michaela Kosutova, and Olga Pechanova. "Simvastatin Does Not Affect Nitric Oxide Generation Increased by Sesame Oil in Obese Zucker Rats." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2018 (August 30, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5413423.
Full textAbstract:
Current treatments for cardiovascular and obesity-associated diseases, such as statin therapy, may be associated with several side effects. Products from food sources with polyphenolic compounds may represent promising agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases with minimal side effects. Thus, we aimed to study the effect of sesame oil and simvastatin treatment on plasma lipid profile, nitric oxide generation, and oxidative load in obese Zucker rats. 12-week-old male Zucker rats were divided into the control and sesame oil- (1.25 ml/kg/day) treated Zucker lean groups, the control and sesame oil (1.25 ml/kg/day), or simvastatin (15 mg/kg/day) together with sesame oil-treated Zucker fa/fa groups, n=6 in each group. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks. Sesame oil composition and plasma lipid profile were analyzed. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, endothelial NOS (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS, and inducible NOS (iNOS) protein expressions were determined in the left ventricle and aorta. Oxidative load, measured as conjugated diene (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations, was detected in the liver. Neither sesame oil nor cotreatment with simvastatin affected plasma lipid profile in Zucker fa/fa rats. Sesame oil and similarly cotreatment with simvastatin markedly increased NOS activity and phosphorylated eNOS protein expressions in the left ventricle and aorta of Zucker fa/fa rats. There were no changes in eNOS and iNOS protein expressions within the groups and tissues investigated. Hepatic CD concentration was higher in Zucker fa/fa comparing Zucker lean rats, and sesame oil treatment decreased it significantly. Interestingly, this decrease was not seen after cotreatment with simvastatin. In conclusion, phosphorylation of eNOS and decreased oxidative load may significantly contribute to increase in total NOS activity with potential beneficial properties. Interestingly, simvastatin did not affect NO generation already increased by sesame oil in obese Zucker rats.
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El-Refai, A. A., M. M. Rabie, Rania E. El-Gammal, and W. A. Al-Saban. "Nanoemulsion of Sesame Seeds Oil: Preparation, Evaluation and Stability." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 12 (November 16, 2019): 3004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22230.
Full textAbstract:
This work aims to study the effect of using nanoemulsion particles on the stability of sesame seed oil emulsion. During the roasting process of sesame seeds (Sohage-1), some physico-chemical properties of sesame seeds and its oil were determined. The moisture, protein and fiber contents were decreased whereas oil, ash and arbohydrates contents were increased. Sesame oil was extracted from roasted sesame seeds using mechanical pressing; some physico-chemical properties for extracted oil were determined. Results indicated that colour, acid value, free fatty acids (%), peroxide and hydrolysis values were increased, while saponification value was decreased in sesame oil. Also traditional and nanoemulsions form of sesame oil were prepared. Characterization of these emulsions particles was conducted using zeta potential and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results also indicated that small droplet size of nanoemulsion particles being 26.28 nm in emulsion which prepared by using nano-technique as compared with those of 638.8 nm in traditional emulsion type and low polydispersity index (PDI) was nanoemulsion particles 0.266. This lead to more uniformity in droplet size thus could improve the stability of emulsion system. The TEM results of nanoemulsion particles of sesame oil showed that spherical droplets and nearly similarity in shape in nanoemulsion in compared with semi-spherical and varied particles size in traditional one. Creaming index, centrifugation test, conductivity and freeze-thaw cycles were used to evaluate all type of prepared emulsion stability. The nanoemulsion particles of sesame oil were found to be more stable than those of traditional one. These results indicated that the nanoemulsion process could increase the stability of prepared emulsion. Thus, using of nanoemulsion technique could be used as commercial way to enhance the stability of prepared emulsion.
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Liu, Wei, Zhaoyu Yang, Lili Shi, and Yun Li. "Bioactive β-Carbolines Harman and Norharman in Sesame Seed Oils in China." Molecules 27, no. 2 (January 9, 2022): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020402.
Full textAbstract:
The β-carbolines in our diet, mainly including harman and norharman, are a group of biologically active, naturally occurring plant-derived alkaloids. Fragrant sesame seed oil is one of the most popular flavor edible oils in China. Considering that sesame seeds are roasted at 200–240 °C during the processing of flavor sesame seed oils, it is meaningful to investigate the levels of β-carboline compounds in various sesame seed oils. In this work, the levels of β-carbolines (harman and norharman) in different types of sesame seed oils in China (e.g., pressed fragrant sesame oil, ground fragrant sesame oil) have been determined systematically. The results showed that the levels of total β-carbolines in pressed fragrant sesame oils (700.5~2423.2 μg/kg) were higher than that in ground fragrant sesame oils (660.4~1171.7 μg/kg). Roasting sesame seeds at high temperatures (200–240 °C) led to higher levels of β-carbolines (660~2400 μg/kg) in fragrant sesame seed oils. In addition, the loss of tryptophan might be attributed to the formation of β-carbolines in sesame seeds during the roasting process. In general, fragrant sesame seed oils (pressed fragrant sesame oils, ground fragrant sesame oils) contain higher levels of β-carbolines due to the formation of harman and norharman during the roasting sesame seed process.
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Aweidah, Noyal, Hani Naseef, Ramzi Muqdi, and Mohammad A. Farraj. "Ultrasonic-Assisted Thymol and Carvacrol Extraction from Za’atar Leaves Using Cold-Pressed Sesame Oil." Journal of Food Quality 2021 (October 27, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3761865.
Full textAbstract:
Thymol and carvacrol found in Origanum syriacum “Za’atar” plant leaves have triggered interest among researchers for their natural antimicrobial and antifungal properties. However, their applications in modern pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as natural preservatives remain challenging. In this research, extraction of thymol and carvacrol from Za’atar leaves has been investigated using the ultrasonic-assisted method and the use of sesame oil as the primary extraction solvent compared with other vegetable oils including sunflower and olive oils. In addition, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method was developed by using a C8 column and 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid as a buffering agent. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, repeatability, accuracy, and robustness for the analysis of the content of the two terpenes thymol and carvacrol in different Za’atar extracts. Using the validated analytical method, thymol and carvacrol content results revealed the best vegetable oil for extraction. Results showed that sesame oil had the highest content of thymol and carvacrol, followed by sunflower oil, and the least amount obtained by using olive oil. A consistent extraction result opens an opportunity for application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. For this reason, the essential extraction key parameters that influence the final content of thymol and carvacrol were evaluated. The highest impact originated from the quality and volume of sesame oil. Cold-pressed sesame oil resulted in a 23% higher content of thymol and decreased amount of carvacrol. It was found that wetting the Za’atar leaves powder with sesame oil was enough for extraction; any additional sesame oil volume dilutes the extracted sample. The second impact was the Za’atar cultivation conditions; less than 10% difference of thymol and carvacrol content was observed within Za’atar of Hebron origin. Finally, the origin of sesame seeds used for sesame oil production had the least impact.
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OMAGE, J. A., I. A. UMAR, and G. S. BAWA. "THE EFFECT OF INTRAGASTRICALLY ADMINISTERED SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L) OIL ON GROWTH RATE AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF RATS FED A HIGH-FAT DIET." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 25, no. 2 (January 16, 2021): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v25i2.1833.
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The effect(s) of sesame (Sesamum Indicum L) seed oil on the growth rate, performance and some biochemical parameters in adult albino (Wister) rats maintained on a high fat diet was examined. Adult rats maintained on a high fat diet were intragastrically fed 10mg/ml of sesame seed oil suspended in normal saline, daily for 60 days. Two other groups maintained on the high fat diet only (High fat diet control) and the normal diet (Normal diet control) were included. Water and diet were provided ad libitum. The rats were weighed weekly, while feed supply and left-overs were recorded daily. At 60 days, all animals were killed by decapitation. Blood and liver samples were taken for biochemical analyses. Feeding high fat diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the final body weight, liver and kidney weights of the rats compared to those on normal diet. Administration of sesame seed oil along with high fat diet further increased (P <0.05) the final rat body weight while decrease (P<0.05) was observed in the liver weight and a significant (P 0.05) decrease in the kidney weight was observed compared to the high fat diet fed rats. Biochemical profile shows significantly (P<0.01) higher levels of plasma proteins and globulins in the normal diet-fed rats compared to the high fat-diet-fed rats. Administration of sesame seed oil along with high fat diet significantly (P<0.01) increased the plasma glucose, total proteins, globulins and uric acid concentrations compared to the high fat diet fed rats. Significantly (P<0.01) higher glucose and uric acid levels and a significantly (P<0.01) lower globulin levels were observed in the sesame seed oil group compared to the normal diet control group. The plasma albumin concentration did not differ significantly among the groups.