Academic literature on the topic 'Sessile barnacles'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sessile barnacles"
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Chiba, Susumu, and Takashi Noda. "Factors maintaining topography-related mosaic of barnacle and mussel on a rocky shore." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80, no. 4 (August 2000): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400002435.
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Substratum heterogeneity on rocky shores can affect the distribution pattern of sessile epibenthic organisms. The rocky shore at Usujiri, southern Hokkaido, Japan, is composed of well-developed, columnar jointed dolerites. In this area, landscape is characterized by a mosaic of barnacle and mussels, where species composition in patches differs among typical topographic-classes, i.e. barnacles dominate on horizontal planes and vertical planes while mussels only inhabit in grooves. To determine the factors maintaining those distribution patterns, the recruitment of dominant sessile species in the typical topographic-classes with and without adults of barnacles and mussels were examined by field experiment. The results showed that the distribution pattern was determined by recruitment, and the recruitment pattern was strongly affected by rock-surface topography. Moreover, the presence of conspecific adults contributed to the maintenance of this topography-related mosaic by facilitating recruitment. These results show: (1) the presence of resource division for rocky topography among barnacles and mussels; and (2) that intraspecific positive interaction rather than interspecific competition may play important role in maintaining the topography-related mosaic of barnacle and mussels at Usujiri.
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Schultzhaus, Janna N., William Judson Hervey, Chris R. Taitt, Chris R. So, Dagmar H. Leary, Kathryn J. Wahl, and Christopher M. Spillmann. "Comparative analysis of stalked and acorn barnacle adhesive proteomes." Open Biology 11, no. 8 (August 2021): 210142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.210142.
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Barnacles interest the scientific community for multiple reasons: their unique evolutionary trajectory, vast diversity and economic impact—as a harvested food source and also as one of the most prolific macroscopic hard biofouling organisms. A common, yet novel, trait among barnacles is adhesion, which has enabled a sessile adult existence and global colonization of the oceans. Barnacle adhesive is primarily composed of proteins, but knowledge of how the adhesive proteome varies across the tree of life is unknown due to a lack of genomic information. Here, we supplement previous mass spectrometry analyses of barnacle adhesive with recently sequenced genomes to compare the adhesive proteomes of Pollicipes pollicipes (Pedunculata) and Amphibalanus amphitrite (Sessilia). Although both species contain the same broad protein categories, we detail differences that exist between these species. The barnacle-unique cement proteins show the greatest difference between species, although these differences are diminished when amino acid composition and glycosylation potential are considered. By performing an in-depth comparison of the adhesive proteomes of these distantly related barnacle species, we show their similarities and provide a roadmap for future studies examining sequence-specific differences to identify the proteins responsible for functional differences across the barnacle tree of life.
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Demello, Rahul, and Nicole E. Phillips. "Variation in mussel and barnacle recruitment parallels a shift in intertidal community structure in the Cook Strait region of New Zealand." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 10 (2011): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11053.
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Recruitment influences populations and communities of marine organisms to varying degrees and across a range of spatial scales. We hypothesised that recruitment plays a role in maintaining different intertidal invertebrate assemblages between two nearby locations in New Zealand (Wellington Harbour and the south coast), long reported to have dramatically different communities (with greater cover of sessile invertebrates in the Harbour). Sites in Wellington Harbour were hypothesised to have higher monthly recruitment rates of mussels and barnacles and greater barnacle colonisation after 1 year. Surveys were conducted to quantify community differences. In Wellington Harbour, the mid-intertidal zone was dominated by the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the barnacle Chamaesipho columna and the high intertidal zone by C. columna. In contrast, on the south coast mussels were almost completely absent from both tidal heights and barnacles (predominantly Chamaesipho brunnea) were sparse. In the high zone, monthly recruitment and long term colonisation (over 1 year) of barnacles was much greater in the Harbour; in the mid-intertidal zone, mussel recruitment was up to two orders of magnitude greater in the Harbour than the south coast. Species-specific recruitment patterns differed between the locations, however and were consistent with those of adult abundance.
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Metzler, Rebecca A., Jessica O'Malley, Jack Herrick, Brett Christensen, Beatriz Orihuela, Daniel Rittschof, and Gary H. Dickinson. "Amphibalanus amphitrite begins exoskeleton mineralization within 48 hours of metamorphosis." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 9 (September 2020): 200725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200725.
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Barnacles are ancient arthropods that, as adults, are surrounded by a hard, mineralized, outer shell that the organism produces for protection. While extensive research has been conducted on the glue-like cement that barnacles use to adhere to surfaces, less is known about the barnacle exoskeleton, especially the process by which the barnacle exoskeleton is formed. Here, we present data exploring the changes that occur as the barnacle cyprid undergoes metamorphosis to become a sessile juvenile with a mineralized exoskeleton. Scanning electron microscope data show dramatic morphological changes in the barnacle exoskeleton following metamorphosis. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicates a small amount of calcium (8%) 1 h post-metamorphosis that steadily increases to 28% by 2 days following metamorphosis. Raman spectroscopy indicates calcite in the exoskeleton of a barnacle 2 days following metamorphosis and no detectable calcium carbonate in exoskeletons up to 3 h post-metamorphosis. Confocal microscopy indicates during this 2 day period, barnacle base plate area and height increases rapidly (0.001 mm 2 h −1 and 0.30 µm h −1 , respectively). These results provide critical information into the early life stages of the barnacle, which will be important for developing an understanding of how ocean acidification might impact the calcification process of the barnacle exoskeleton.
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Raine, Joshua J., Nick Aldred, and Anthony S. Clare. "Anatomy and Ultrastructure of the Cyprid Temporary Adhesive System in Two Species of Acorn Barnacle." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8120968.
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Acorn barnacles are sessile as adults and select their settlement site as a cypris larva. Cyprids are well adapted to exploring surfaces in dynamic environments, using a temporary adhesive secreted from the antennules to adhere during this process. The temporary adhesive and the secretory structures are poorly characterized. This study used serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional modelling to elucidate the anatomy related to temporary adhesion. The temporary adhesive glands of two acorn barnacle species, Balanus amphitrite and Megabalanus coccopoma, were located in the proximal region of the first antennular segment, contrary to previous descriptions that placed them in the more distal second segment. The temporary adhesive systems of these acorn barnacles are therefore similar to that described for the stalked barnacle, Octolasmis angulata, although not identical. Knowledge of the true location of the temporary adhesive glands will underpin future studies of the production, composition and secretion of the adhesive.
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Coletti, Giovanni, Giulia Bosio, Alberto Collareta, John Buckeridge, Sirio Consani, and Akram El Kateb. "Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Miocene barnacle facies: case studies from Europe and South America." Geologica Carpathica 69, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 573–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2018-0034.
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Abstract Acorn barnacles are sessile crustaceans common in shallow-water settings, both in modern oceans and in the Miocene geological record. Barnacle-rich facies occur from polar to equatorial latitudes, generally associated with shallow-water, high-energy, hard substrates. The aim of this work is to investigate this type of facies by analysing, from the palaeontological, sedimentological and petrographical points of view, early Miocene examples from Northern Italy, Southern France and South-western Peru. Our results are then compared with the existing information on both modern and fossil barnacle-rich deposits. The studied facies can be divided into two groups. The first one consists of very shallow, nearshore assemblages where barnacles are associated with an abundant hard-substrate biota (e.g., barnamol). The second one includes a barnacle-coralline algae association, here named “barnalgal” (= barnacle / red algal dominated), related to a deeper setting. The same pattern occurs in the distribution of both fossil and recent barnacle facies. The majority of them are related to very shallow, high-energy, hard-substrate, a setting that represents the environmental optimum for the development of barnacle facies, but exceptions do occur. These atypical facies can be identified through a complete analysis of both the skeletal assemblage and the barnacle association, showing that barnacle palaeontology can be a powerful tool for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.
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Neufeld, Christopher J., and A. Richard Palmer. "Precisely proportioned: intertidal barnacles alter penis form to suit coastal wave action." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1638 (February 5, 2008): 1081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1760.
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For their size, barnacles possess the longest penis of any animal (up to eight times their body length). However, as one of few sessile animals to copulate, they face a trade-off between reaching more mates and controlling ever-longer penises in turbulent flow. We observed that penises of an intertidal barnacle ( Balanus glandula ) from wave-exposed shores were shorter than, stouter than, and more than twice as massive for their length as, those from nearby protected bays. In addition, penis shape variation was tightly correlated with maximum velocity of breaking waves, and, on all shores, larger barnacles had disproportionately stouter penises. Finally, field experiments confirmed that most of this variation was due to phenotypic plasticity: barnacles transplanted to a wave-exposed outer coast produced dramatically shorter and wider penises than counterparts moved to a protected harbour. Owing to the probable trade-off between penis length and ability to function in flow, and owing to the ever-changing wave conditions on rocky shores, intertidal barnacles appear to have acquired the capacity to change the size and shape of their penises to suit local hydrodynamic conditions. This dramatic plasticity in genital form is a valuable reminder that factors other than the usual drivers of genital diversification—female choice, sexual conflict and male–male competition—can influence genital form.
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Burel, T., G. Schaal, J. Grall, M. Le Duff, and E. Ar Gall. "Clear-cut wave height thresholds reveal dominance shifts in assemblage patterns on rocky shores." Marine Ecology Progress Series 683 (February 3, 2022): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13945.
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Physical constraints, and particularly hydrodynamics, are major drivers of macroalgal canopy-dominated rocky shore communities. The abundance of habitat-forming seaweeds decreases with increasing wave exposure, triggering cascading effects on their associated communities. This study aims at describing the structure of benthic communities along a hydrodynamic gradient and understanding the role of wave height in structuring the ecological transition from macroflora to macrofauna dominance. In situ wave height was measured together with biological communities (macroalgae, macrograzers and sessile fauna) along an exposure gradient on 3 rocky shores of western Brittany. Results showed that Fucales cover and the abundance of several understory organisms are negatively correlated to in situ wave height, except for barnacles and limpets which were positively correlated. Results revealed the occurrence of a wave height threshold at approximately 80 cm from high to mid-shore levels. Beyond this threshold, we observed a large dominance of barnacles, while below this threshold, Fucales and the associated organisms abounded. A similar threshold was observed on low shore habitats, for barnacle cover only. The results of this study challenge the commonly accepted paradigm of a gradual shift from seaweed-dominated to sessile fauna-dominated zones with increasing wave exposure on rocky shores. Finally, this study sheds new light onto interspecific interactions which drive the structure of rocky shore-associated communities.
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FONG, CAITLIN R., and ARMAND M. KURIS. "Predation on transmission stages reduces parasitism: sea anemones consume transmission stages of a barnacle parasite." Parasitology 144, no. 7 (March 8, 2017): 917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000026.
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SUMMARYWhile parasites serve as prey, it is unclear how the spatial distribution of parasite predators provides transmission control and influences patterns of parasitism. Because many of its organisms are sessile, the rocky intertidal zone is a valuable but little used system to understand spatial patterns of parasitism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these patterns. Sea anemones and barnacles are important space competitors in the rocky intertidal zone along the Pacific coast of North America. Anemones are voracious, indiscriminate predators; thus, they may intercept infectious stages of parasites before they reach a host. We investigate whether a sea anemone protects an associated barnacle from parasitism by Hemioniscus balani, an isopod parasitic castrator. At Coal Oil Point, Santa Barbara, California USA, 29% of barnacles were within 1 cm from an anemone at the surveyed tidal height. Barnacles associated with anemones had reduced parasite prevalence and higher reproductive productivity than those remote from sea anemones. In the laboratory, anemones readily consumed the transmission stage of the parasite. Hence, anemone consumption of parasite transmission stages may provide a mechanism by which community context regulates parasite prevalence at a local scale. Our results suggest predation may be an important process providing parasite transmission control.
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Kordas, Rebecca L., and Steve Dudgeon. "Dynamics of species interaction strength in space, time and with developmental stage." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1713 (November 24, 2010): 1804–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2246.
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Quantifying species interaction strengths enhances prediction of community dynamics, but variability in the strength of species interactions in space and time complicates accurate prediction. Interaction strengths can vary in response to density, indirect effects, priority effects or a changing environment, but the mechanism(s) causing direction and magnitudes of change are often unclear. We designed an experiment to characterize how environmental factors influence the direction and the strength of priority effects between sessile species. We estimated per capita non-trophic effects of barnacles ( Semibalanus balanoides ) on newly settled germlings of the fucoid, Ascophyllum nodosum , in the presence and absence of consumers in experiments on rocky shores throughout the Gulf of Maine, USA. Per capita effects on germlings varied among environments and barnacle life stages, and these interaction strengths were largely unaltered by changing consumer abundance. Whereas previous evidence shows adult barnacles facilitate fucoids, here, we show that recent settlers and established juveniles initially compete with germlings. As barnacles mature, they switch to become facilitators of fucoids. Consumers caused variable mortality of germlings through time comparable to that from competition. Temporally variable effects of interactors (e.g. S. balanoides ), or spatial variation in their population structure, in different regions differentially affect target populations (e.g. A. nodosum ). This may affect abundance of critical stages and the resilience of target species to environmental change in different geographical regions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sessile barnacles"
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Pirtle, Danea. "The utility of acorn barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Sessilia) in forensic investigations in marine environment." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/26947.
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Estimating the minimum time since death (minimum Post Mortem Interval, minPMI) is a necessary part of a forensic investigation. Besides the coroner’s assessment of the typical signs of death, minPMI can be estimated using forensic entomology, the scientific discipline that considers insects and other arthropods that colonize the remains. In an aquatic environment, insects, as well as crustaceans, have the potential to provide data regarding the time spent in water of the remains (FT, floating time and PMSI, Post Mortem Submersion Interval), and this can also assist in determining the minPMI.
Barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia) are common crustaceans that colonize hard substrates in marine environments and they can often be found in association with human and animal remains floating in the sea. The scientific literature reports that barnacles are typically found colonizing shoes. Barnacles can colonize both floating remains and submerged remains and their growth rate is dependent on the water temperature. Despite their potential to be indicative of the FT and/or PMSI, at present research is deplete and only a few case studies have considered it for this purpose.
The present research is focused on the barnacle colonization of different type of shoes (sport vs patent leather) placed in the sea (Boston Harbor, Boston, Massachusetts). The objectives of this study are 1) identification of the species of barnacles that colonize shoes; 2) identification of the settlement preferences of the barnacles associated with the shoes; 3) determination of the growth rate of the barnacles associated with the shoes.
This research as initially conducted in early March 2016, with 64 sport and 64 patent leather shoes placed in the Boston Harbor at -8/-10 meters below the sea level. Four of each shoe type were collected every two weeks from April 2016 to November 2016 inclusive. Each shoe was photographed and the barnacles and other sea life colonization was documented. Individual barnacles from each shoe were sampled and measured to determine species, age as well as the overall colonization density and settlement preference. Data loggers were placed with the shoes to record temperature throughout the course of the study.
Results show that Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin) (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Sessilia) colonized the vast majority of shoes. Colonization occurred quickly and continued throughout the study period. A significant difference in colonization densities was found between the sport and patent leather shoes, with the patent leather seeing higher densities. Barnacles also showed preferential colonization of specific sections on both shoe types. Overall, higher quantities of barnacles were found on the exterior and bottom of shoes and low quantities of colonization on the inside, tongue, and laces. Barnacle growth was found to be significantly affected by water temperature. Statistical analysis of the effect of water temperature, time in the water, and shoe type on the size of the largest barnacle revealed a highly significant effect of temperature and shoe type but no significant effect of time. As well, time and shoe type had a highly significant effect on the total number of barnacles per shoe, whereas water temperature did not.
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Wei, Jia-Yong, and 魏家勇. "Larval development and phototaxis of a deep-sea barnacle Striatobalanus tenuis (Cirripedia: Thoracica: Sessilia)." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5mwdt8.
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碩士國立中山大學
海洋生物科技暨資源學系研究所
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Larval development of many shallow water barnacle species (Crustacea: Cirripedia) has been well studied. In the deep sea, the larval development of some goose barnacles (Order Pedunculata) was briefly described but remained unknown for acorn barnacles (Order Sessilia). In addition, the presence of phototactic behaviors, which are common in larvae of shallow water species, remained controversial in the deep sea where light is limited. Striatobalanus tenuis (Hoek, 1883) is a deep sea (300 - 400m) acorn barnacle found in East and South China Sea. It inhabits on rocks, gastropod shells and crab surface and is commonly found as a bycatch of bottom trawl in Taiwan. In this study, we collected adult S. tenuis individuals from Kezailiao fishing port and cultivated their fertilized egg masses at 20°C. The hatched larvae were fed with microalgae and water is changed once a week. Precipitation of microalgae, which may disturb larval movement, was frequently removed. Six stages (NI-NVI) of swimming nauplius larvae and one stage of non-swimming cyprid larvae were successfully observed. Different nauplius stages of S. tenuis show morphological features corresponding to "normal" developmental sequence of barnacles. Red, green, blue and white light were applied to test phototaxis of S. tenuis nauplii. NII and NIII larvae were attracted by all the light settings. NIV and NV larvae showed positive phototaxis to all the light settings except blue light, which was negative. NVI larvae were repelled by all the light settings. The change of light preference at different nauplius stages might relate to their sequence of vertical migration. We suggested that the relaeased larvae migrate to shallower water, about 100m deep, to feed phytoplankton, then migrate back to the deep water for settlement.
Books on the topic "Sessile barnacles"
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Hoek, Paulus Peronius Cato. Cirripedia of the Siboga Expedition: A. Cirripedia Pedunculata. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Pilsbry, Henry Augustus. Sessile Barnacles (Cirripedia) Contained in the Collections of the U. S. National Museum; Including a Monograph of the American Species. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sessile barnacles"
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Schram, Frederick R., and Stefan Koenemann. "Thoracica." In Evolution and Phylogeny of Pancrustacea, 192–212. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365764.003.0015.
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Thoracica, barnacles, present the most successful, most biodiverse radiation of Cirripedia, linked with a body plan wherein the carapace of the sessile adult stage develops protective calcified plates (except in the plateless species). Thoracicans also have no abdomen, lacking as they do expression of the Hox gene abdominal A. Most phylogenetic studies of barnacles have employed patterns of plate anatomy and arrangements. Recently, molecule sequences and new insights into the fossil record and deep sea fauna have resulted in a major revolution in the understanding of their evolution. All thoracicans are either stalked (pedunculated) or unstalked (sessile). They undergo a major metamorphosis from the cyprid to the adult stage. Their fossil record extends from the Cambrian to Recent time, but most fossils are separated plates, whereas articulated capitular plates are rare.
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Nugroho Susanto, Gregorius. "Crustacea: The Increasing Economic Importance of Crustaceans to Humans." In Arthropods - Are They Beneficial for Mankind? IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96255.
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Crustaceans (subphylum Crustacea) are members of the phylum Arthropods, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, prawn, shrimp, krill, barnacles, woodlice and beach fleas. The most common types of crustaceans are shrimp and crab. This subphylum is distinguished from other arthropods, including myriapods, insects, and chelicerates, by the presence of two-parted (biramous) appendages, and the hatchling’s nauplius shape. In addition, these arthropods are majorly aquatic, often found in fresh, marine, or brackish water bodies, however, some crabs, hermit crabs, woodlice and other members of the subphylum, are found in terrestrial environments. Also, most crustaceans are free-living while numerous are parasitic (for instance, Rhizocephala, tongue worms, fish lice) and sessile (barnacles). Mostly lived nocturnal. Crustaceans have a great economic importance to humans. The group is of great value directly or indirectly for his health and economic progress, such as aesthetic, commercial, gastronomic, biomedical, bioindicator, biomonitor, geological values, and miscellaneous uses, biodeterioration and poisons.
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Collareta, Alberto, Giovanni Coletti, Giulia Bosio, and John S. Buckeridge. "Lower Miocene (Burdigalian) acorn barnacles (Cirripedia: Sessilia) from the Chilcatay Formation of southern Peru: palaeoenvironmental, palaeobiogeographical and evolutionary significance." In Fossilia, Reports in Palaeontology (Volume 2020). Earth Science Dept., University of Florence, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32774/fosreppal.2020.0604.
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