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Journal articles on the topic 'Sessile Drops'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Neeson, Michael J., Rico F. Tabor, Franz Grieser, Raymond R. Dagastine, and Derek Y. C. Chan. "Compound sessile drops." Soft Matter 8, no. 43 (2012): 11042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2sm26637g.

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2

ANDRIEU, C., D. A. BEYSENS, V. S. NIKOLAYEV, and Y. POMEAU. "Coalescence of sessile drops." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 453 (February 25, 2002): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001007121.

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We present an experimental and theoretical description of the kinetics of coalescence of two water drops on a plane solid surface. The case of partial wetting is considered. The drops are in an atmosphere of nitrogen saturated with water where they grow by condensation and eventually touch each other and coalesce. A new convex composite drop is rapidly formed that then exponentially and slowly relaxes to an equilibrium hemispherical cap. The characteristic relaxation time is proportional to the drop radius R* at final equilibrium. This relaxation time appears to be nearly 107 times larger than the bulk capillary relaxation time tb = R*η/σ, where σ is the gas–liquid surface tension and η is the liquid shear viscosity.In order to explain this extremely large relaxation time, we consider a model that involves an Arrhenius kinetic factor resulting from a liquid–vapour phase change in the vicinity of the contact line. The model results in a large relaxation time of order tb exp(L/[Rscr ]T) where L is the molar latent heat of vaporization, [Rscr ] is the gas constant and T is the temperature. We model the late time relaxation for a near spherical cap and find an exponential relaxation whose typical time scale agrees reasonably well with the experiment.
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3

Walls, Daniel J., Eckart Meiburg, and Gerald G. Fuller. "The shape evolution of liquid droplets in miscible environments." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 852 (August 7, 2018): 422–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.535.

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Miscible liquids often come into contact with one another in natural and technological situations, commonly as a drop of one liquid present in a second, miscible liquid. The shape of a liquid droplet present in a miscible environment evolves spontaneously in time, in a distinctly different fashion than drops present in immiscible environments, which have been reported previously. We consider drops of two classical types, pendant and sessile, in building upon our prior work with miscible systems. Here we present experimental findings of the shape evolution of pendant drops along with an expanded study of the spreading of sessile drops in miscible environments. We develop scalings considering the diffusion of mass to group volumetric data of the evolving pendant drops and the diffusion of momentum to group leading-edge radial data of the spreading sessile drops. These treatments are effective in obtaining single responses for the measurements of each type of droplet, where the volume of a pendant drop diminishes exponentially in time and the leading-edge radius of a sessile drop grows following a power law of $t^{1/2}$ at long times. A complementary numerical approach to compute the concentration and velocity fields of these systems using a simplified set of governing equations is paired with our experimental findings.
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4

Noblin, X., A. Buguin, and F. Brochard-Wyart. "Vibrations of sessile drops." European Physical Journal Special Topics 166, no. 1 (January 2009): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2009-00869-y.

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5

Jensen, Ward, and Dongqing Li. "Thermodynamic stability of sessile drops." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 108, no. 1 (March 1996): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(95)03378-5.

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6

Hajirahimi, M., F. Mokhtari, and A. H. Fatollahi. "Exact identities for sessile drops." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 36, no. 3 (February 2, 2015): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10483-015-1916-6.

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7

Sáenz, P. J., K. Sefiane, J. Kim, O. K. Matar, and P. Valluri. "Evaporation of sessile drops: a three-dimensional approach." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 772 (May 8, 2015): 705–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.224.

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The evaporation of non-axisymmetric sessile drops is studied by means of experiments and three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS). The emergence of azimuthal currents and pairs of counter-rotating vortices in the liquid bulk flow is reported in drops with non-circular contact area. These phenomena, especially the latter, which is also observed experimentally, are found to play a critical role in the transient flow dynamics and associated heat transfer. Non-circular drops exhibit variable wettability along the pinned contact line sensitive to the choice of system parameters, and inversely dependent on the local contact-line curvature, providing a simple criterion for estimating the approximate contact-angle distribution. The evaporation rate is found to vary in the same order of magnitude as the liquid–gas interfacial area. Furthermore, the more complex case of drops evaporating with a moving contact line (MCL) in the constant contact-angle mode is addressed. Interestingly, the numerical results demonstrate that the average interface temperature remains essentially constant as the drop evaporates in the constant-angle (CA) mode, while this increases in the constant-radius (CR) mode as the drops become thinner. It is therefore concluded that, for increasing substrate heating, the evaporation rate increases more rapidly in the CR mode than in the CA mode. In other words, the higher the temperature the larger the difference between the lifetimes of an evaporating drop in the CA mode with respect to that evaporating in the CR mode.
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8

Chang, Chun-Ti, J. B. Bostwick, Susan Daniel, and P. H. Steen. "Dynamics of sessile drops. Part 2. Experiment." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 768 (March 10, 2015): 442–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.99.

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High-speed images of driven sessile water drops recorded under frequency scans are analysed for resonance peaks, resonance bands and hysteresis of characteristic modes. Visual mode recognition using back-lit surface distortion enables modes to be associated with frequencies, aided by the identifications in Part 1 (Bostwick & Steen, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 760, 2014, pp. 5–38). Part 1 is a linear stability analysis that predicts how inviscid drop spectra depend on base state geometry. Theoretically, the base states are spherical caps characterized by their ‘flatness’ or fraction of the full sphere. Experimentally, quiescent shapes are controlled by pinning the drop at a circular contact line on the flat substrate and varying the drop volume. The response frequencies of the resonating drop are compared with Part 1 predictions. Agreement with theory is generally good but does deteriorate for flatter drops and higher modes. The measured frequency bands agree better with an extended model, introduced here, that accounts for forcing and weak viscous effects using viscous potential flow. As the flatness varies, regions are predicted where modal frequencies cross and where the spectra crowd. Frequency crossings and spectral crowding favour interaction of modes. Modal interactions of two kinds are documented, called ‘mixing’ and ‘competing’. Mixed modes are two pure modes superposed with little evidence of hysteresis. In contrast, modal competition involves hysteresis whereby one or the other mode disappears depending on the scan direction. Perhaps surprisingly, a linear inviscid irrotational theory provides a useful framework for understanding observations of forced sessile drop oscillations.
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9

Wang, Y., and L. Bourouiba. "Non-isolated drop impact on surfaces." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 835 (November 27, 2017): 24–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.755.

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Upon impact on a solid surface, a drop expands into a sheet, a corona, which can rebound, stick or splash and fragment into secondary droplets. Previously, focus has been placed on impacts of single drops on surfaces to understand their splash, rebound or spreading. This is important for spraying, printing, and environmental and health processes such as contamination by pathogen-bearing droplets. However, sessile drops are ubiquitous on most surfaces and their interaction with the impacting drop is largely unknown. We report on the regimes of interactions between an impacting drop and a sessile drop. Combining experiments and theory, we derive the existence conditions for the four regimes of drop–drop interaction identified, and report that a subtle combination of geometry and momentum transfer determines a critical impact force governing their physics. Crescent-moon fragmentation is most efficient at producing and projecting secondary droplets, even when the impacting drop Weber number would not allow for splash to occur on the surface considered if the drop were isolated. We introduce a critical horizontal impact Weber number $We_{c}$ that governs the formation of a sheet from the sessile drop upon collision with the expanding corona of the impacting drop. We also predict and validate important properties of the crescent-moon fragmentation: the extension of its sheet base and the ligaments surrounding its base. Finally, our results suggest a new paradigm: impacts on most surfaces can make a splash of a new kind – a crescent-moon – for any impact velocity when neighbouring sessile drops are present.
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10

Zhao, Menghua, François Lequeux, Tetsuharu Narita, Matthieu Roché, Laurent Limat, and Julien Dervaux. "Growth and relaxation of a ridge on a soft poroelastic substrate." Soft Matter 14, no. 1 (2018): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm01757j.

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11

Erfanul Alam, MD, and Andrew K. Dickerson. "Sessile liquid drops damp vibrating structures." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 6 (June 2021): 062113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0055382.

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12

Poulard, C., G. Guéna, and A. M. Cazabat. "Diffusion-driven evaporation of sessile drops." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 17, no. 49 (November 25, 2005): S4213—S4227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/49/015.

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13

Wilkes, Edward D., and Osman A. Basaran. "Forced oscillations of pendant (sessile) drops." Physics of Fluids 9, no. 6 (June 1997): 1512–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869276.

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14

Dodoo, Jennifer, and Adam A. Stokes. "Shaping and transporting diamagnetic sessile drops." Biomicrofluidics 13, no. 6 (November 2019): 064110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5124805.

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15

Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina. "Sessile Axisymmetric Drops in Microgravity Conditions." American Journal of Modern Physics 2, no. 5 (2013): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20130205.13.

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16

Chen, Ruoyang, Liyuan Zhang, Hui He, and Wei Shen. "Desiccation Patterns of Plasma Sessile Drops." ACS Sensors 4, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): 1701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.9b00618.

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17

Nguyen, Hung V., Sriram Padmanabhan, William J. Desisto, and Arijit Bose. "Sessile drops on nonhorizontal solid substrates." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 115, no. 2 (February 1987): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(87)90057-9.

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18

Bormashenko, Edward, and Oleg Gendelman. "Relativistic Wetting Effects for Sessile Drops." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 25, no. 12 (January 2011): 1403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/016942411x555980.

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19

Fried, Eliot, and Michel Jabbour. "Sessile drops: spreading versus evaporation–condensation." Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 66, no. 3 (April 26, 2014): 1037–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00033-014-0424-7.

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20

Miersemann, Erich. "Asymptotic Formulas for Small Sessile Drops." Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen 13, no. 2 (1994): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/zaa/514.

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21

Buffone, Cosimo. "Evaporating sessile drops subject to crosswind." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 144 (October 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2019.05.018.

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22

O'Brien, S. B. G. "On the shape of small sessile and pendant drops by singular perturbation techniques." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 233 (December 1991): 519–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112091000587.

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The problem of obtaining asymptotic expressions describing the shape of small sessile and pendant drops is revisited. Both cases display boundary-layer behaviour and the method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to obtain solutions. These give good agreement when compared with numerical results. The sessile solutions are relatively straightforward, while the pendant drop displays a behaviour which is both rich and interesting.
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23

Ramírez-Soto, Olinka, Vatsal Sanjay, Detlef Lohse, Jonathan T. Pham, and Doris Vollmer. "Lifting a sessile oil drop from a superamphiphobic surface with an impacting one." Science Advances 6, no. 34 (August 2020): eaba4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba4330.

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Colliding drops are encountered in everyday technologies and natural processes, from combustion engines and commodity sprays to raindrops and cloud formation. The outcome of a collision depends on many factors, including the impact velocity and the degree of alignment, and intrinsic properties like surface tension. Yet, little is known on binary impact dynamics of low-surface-tension drops on a low-wetting surface. We investigate the dynamics of an oil drop impacting an identical sessile drop sitting on a superamphiphobic surface. We observe five rebound scenarios, four of which do not involve coalescence. We describe two previously unexplored cases for sessile drop liftoff, resulting from drop-on-drop impact. Numerical simulations quantitatively reproduce the rebound scenarios and enable quantification of velocity profiles, energy transfer, and viscous dissipation. Our results illustrate how varying the offset from head-on alignment and the impact velocity results in controllable rebound dynamics for oil drop collisions on superamphiphobic surfaces.
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24

Tonini, S., and G. E. Cossali. "Modeling the evaporation of sessile drops deformed by gravity on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates." Physics of Fluids 35, no. 3 (March 2023): 032113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0143575.

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Evaporation of sessile drops deformed by gravity is quantified by an analytical–numerical approach. The shape of the drops is defined by minimizing the interfacial and potential drop energies, following a variational integral approach, for a wide range of drop sizes (from 2.7 [Formula: see text] to 1.4 ml for water drops) and contact angles for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. The extension of an analytical model for drop evaporation, which accounts for the effect of the Stefan flow and the temperature dependence of thermophysical properties, to the present conditions reduces the problem to the solution of a Laplace equation, which is then numerically calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics®. The vapor fluxes and evaporation rates are then quantified, and the systematic approach to the problem allows the derivation of two correlations, for hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, respectively, that can be used to correct the evaporation rate calculated for a drop of the same volume and contact angle in the absence of gravity effects.
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25

Abouelsoud, Mostafa, Vinod A. Thale, Ahmed N. Shmroukh, and Bofeng Bai. "Spreading and retraction of the concentric impact of a drop with a sessile drop of the same liquid: Effect of surface wettability." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 11 (November 2022): 112108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117964.

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The concentric impact on a sessile drop is relevant in many applications, including spray coating and icing phenomena. Herein, the spreading and retraction phases yielded during the impact of a coaxial drop with a sessile drop on a solid substrate were empirically and analytically examined. We analyzed the effects of surface wettability on the impact outcomes utilizing five distinctive surfaces (i.e., smooth glass, aluminum, copper, Teflon, and coated glass). The results showed that the merged drop takes longer to attain its maximum spreading diameter at a relatively higher contact angle of the sessile drop with the solid surface. Furthermore, based on energy balance, a model for predicting the maximum spreading diameter of the drop with varying surface wettability was presented. This model considers the assumption of viscous energy loss during the merging of falling and sessile drops and at the maximum spreading diameter. Additionally, the maximum retraction height during the impact on the coated glass surface was investigated. Our model results matched well with the experimental data.
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26

Shanahan, M. E. R. "Capillary movement of nearly axisymmetric sessile drops." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 23, no. 3 (March 14, 1990): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/23/3/009.

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27

Chen, Ruoyang, Liyuan Zhang, Duyang Zang, and Wei Shen. "Understanding desiccation patterns of blood sessile drops." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 45 (2017): 8991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb02290e.

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28

MAHADEVAN, L., M. ADDA-BEDIA, and Y. POMEAU. "Four-phase merging in sessile compound drops." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 451 (January 25, 2002): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001007108.

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We consider the statics of compound droplets made of two immiscible fluids on a rigid substrate, in the limit when gravity is dominated by capillarity. In particular, we show that the merging of four phases along a single contact line is a persistent and robust phenomenon from a mechanical and thermodynamic perspective; it can and does occur for a range of interfacial energies and droplet volumes. We give an interpretation for this in the context of the macroscopic Young–Laplace law and its microscopic counterpart due to van der Waals, and show that the topological transitions that result can be of either a continuous or discontinuous type depending on the interfacial energies in question.
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29

Greenspan, D. "Supercomputer simulation of sessile and pendent drops." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 10, no. 12 (1988): 871–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-7177(88)90179-3.

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30

Sadafi, H., R. Rabani, S. Dehaeck, H. Machrafi, B. Haut, P. Dauby, and P. Colinet. "Evaporation induced demixing in binary sessile drops." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 602 (October 2020): 125052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125052.

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31

Chakrabarti, Aditi, and Manoj K. Chaudhury. "Vibrations of sessile drops of soft hydrogels." Extreme Mechanics Letters 1 (December 2014): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eml.2014.12.002.

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32

Dodoo, Jennifer, and Adam A. Stokes. "Field-induced shaping of sessile paramagnetic drops." Physics of Fluids 32, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 061703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0011612.

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33

McHale, G., H. Y. Erbil, M. I. Newton, and S. Natterer. "Analysis of Shape Distortions in Sessile Drops." Langmuir 17, no. 22 (October 2001): 6995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la010476b.

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34

Pozrikidis, C. "Stability of sessile and pendant liquid drops." Journal of Engineering Mathematics 72, no. 1 (February 26, 2011): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-011-9459-3.

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35

Tadmor, Rafael, and Preeti S. Yadav. "As-placed contact angles for sessile drops." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 317, no. 1 (January 2008): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.09.029.

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36

Tonini, S., and G. E. Cossali. "Modeling the evaporation of multicomponent drops of general shape on the basis of an analytical solution to the Stefan–Maxwell equations." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 7 (July 2022): 073313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098937.

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This paper proposes an analytical approach to model the evaporation of multicomponent drops of general shape, which is based on the solution to Stefan–Maxwell equations. The model predicts the quasi-steady molar fractions and temperature distributions in the gas phase as well as the heat rate and the species evaporation rates. The model unifies previous approaches to this problem, namely, for spherical and spheroidal drops, under a unique model and proposes solutions for other shapes and geometries, such as sessile drops and drop pairs. To assess the model, a comparison with a numerical solution to the conservation equations is also reported for both different drop configurations and different compositions.
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37

VIANCO, PAUL T., CHARLES A. WALKER, DENNIS DE SMET, ALICE KILGO, BONNIE M. McKENZIE, and RICHARD L. GRANT. "Interface Reactions Responsible for Run-Out in Active Brazing: Part 3." Welding Journal 100, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2021.100.034.

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This study examined the interface reaction between sessile drops of the Ag-xAl filler metals having x = 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt-% and KovarTM base material as an avenue to understand the run-out phenomenon observed in active filler metal braze joints. The brazing conditions were combinations of 965°C (1769°F) and 995°C (1823°F) temperatures and brazing times of 5 and 20 min. All brazing was performed in a vacuum of 10–7 Torr. Microanalysis confirmed that a reaction layer developed ahead of the filler metal to support spontaneous wetting and spreading activity. However, run-out was not observed with the sessile drops because the additional surface energy created by the sessile drop free surface constrained wetting and spreading. The value of z in the reaction layer composition, (Fe, Ni, Co)yAlz, increased with x of the Ag-xAl sessile drops for both brazing conditions. Generally, the values of z were lower for the more severe brazing conditions. Also, the reaction layer thickness increased with the Al concentration in the filler metal but did not increase with the severity of brazing conditions. These behaviors indicate that the interface reaction was controlled by the chemical potential rather than the rate kinetics of a thermally activated process. The determining metrics were filler metal composition (Ag-xAl) and brazing temperature. The findings of the present study provided several insights toward developing potential mitigation strategies to prevent run-out.
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38

de la Madrid, Rafael, Fabian Garza, Justin Kirk, Huy Luong, Levi Snowden, Jonathan Taylor, and Benjamin Vizena. "Comparison of the Lateral Retention Forces on Sessile, Pendant, and Inverted Sessile Drops." Langmuir 35, no. 7 (February 6, 2019): 2871–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03780.

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39

Fang, Xiaohua, Bingquan Li, Jonathan C. Sokolov, Miriam H. Rafailovich, and Dina Gewaily. "Hildebrand solubility parameters measurement via sessile drops evaporation." Applied Physics Letters 87, no. 9 (August 29, 2005): 094103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2035881.

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40

Sefiane, K., J. R. Moffat, O. K. Matar, and R. V. Craster. "Self-excited hydrothermal waves in evaporating sessile drops." Applied Physics Letters 93, no. 7 (August 18, 2008): 074103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2969072.

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41

Small, William R., Chris D. Walton, Joachim Loos, and Marc in het Panhuis. "Carbon Nanotube Network Formation from Evaporating Sessile Drops." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110, no. 26 (July 2006): 13029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp062365x.

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42

Tarasevich, Yu Yu, and D. M. Pravoslavnova. "Segregation in desiccated sessile drops of biological fluids." European Physical Journal E 22, no. 4 (April 2007): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/e2007-00037-6.

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43

Sakka, Tetsuo, Shinji Yamashita, Ken-ichi Amano, and Naoya Nishi. "Vibration of Water Sessile Drops in Various Oils." Chemistry Letters 46, no. 9 (September 5, 2017): 1337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.170529.

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44

Coucoulas, Leonidas M., and Richard A. Dawe. "The calculation of interfacial tension from sessile drops." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 103, no. 1 (January 1985): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(85)90095-5.

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45

Dimitrov, A. S., P. A. Kralchevsky, A. D. Nikolov, Hideaki Noshi, and Mutsuo Matsumoto. "Contact angle measurements with sessile drops and bubbles." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 145, no. 1 (August 1991): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(91)90120-w.

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46

Yeong-Jen, Su, Yang Wen-Jei, and G. Kawashima. "Natural convection in evaporating sessile drops with solidification." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 31, no. 2 (February 1988): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(88)90020-8.

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47

Haidara, Hamidou, and Karine Mougin. "Liquid Ring Formation from Contacting, Nonmiscible Sessile Drops." Langmuir 21, no. 5 (March 2005): 1895–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la047714y.

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48

Bostwick, J. B., and P. H. Steen. "Dynamics of sessile drops. Part 1. Inviscid theory." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 760 (October 31, 2014): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.582.

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AbstractA sessile droplet partially wets a planar solid support. We study the linear stability of this spherical-cap base state to disturbances whose three-phase contact line is (i) pinned, (ii) moves with fixed contact angle and (iii) moves with a contact angle that is a smooth function of the contact-line speed. The governing hydrodynamic equations for inviscid motions are reduced to a functional eigenvalue problem on linear operators, which are parameterized by the base-state volume through the static contact angle and contact-line mobility via a spreading parameter. A solution is facilitated using inverse operators for disturbances (i) and (ii) to report frequencies and modal shapes identified by a polar $k$ and azimuthal $l$ wavenumber. For the dynamic contact-line condition (iii), we show that the disturbance energy balance takes the form of a damped-harmonic oscillator with ‘Davis dissipation’ that encompasses the dynamic effects associated with (iii). The effect of the contact-line motion on the dissipation mechanism is illustrated. We report an instability of the super-hemispherical base states with mobile contact lines (ii) that correlates with horizontal motion of the centre-of-mass, called the ‘walking’ instability. Davis dissipation from the dynamic contact-line condition (iii) can suppress the instability. The remainder of the spectrum exhibits oscillatory behaviour. For the hemispherical base state with mobile contact line (ii), the spectrum is degenerate with respect to the azimuthal wavenumber. We show that varying either the base-state volume or contact-line mobility lifts this degeneracy. For most values of these symmetry-breaking parameters, a certain spectral ordering of frequencies is maintained. However, because certain modes are more strongly influenced by the support than others, there are instances of additional modal degeneracies. We explain the physical reason for these and show how to locate them.
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49

Parsa, Maryam, Souad Harmand, and Khellil Sefiane. "Mechanisms of pattern formation from dried sessile drops." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 254 (April 2018): 22–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.03.007.

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50

David, S., Khellil Sefiane, and Lounes Tadrist. "Experimental Investigation of the Effect of the Ambient Gas on Evaporating Sessile Drops." Defect and Diffusion Forum 258-260 (October 2006): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.258-260.461.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental study of evaporating sessile drops in a controlled environment. The experimental setup allowed the investigation of the evaporation rate of sessile drops under reduced pressure (40 to 1000 mbar) and various ambient gases. Sessile drops of initial volume 2.5μL are deposited on substrates and left to evaporate in a controlled atmosphere. The effect of reducing pressure on the evaporation rate as well as changing the ambient gas is studied. Three different gases are used; namely Helium, Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide. The role of vapour diffusion as a limiting mechanism for evaporation is studied. It is found that in all cases the evaporation rate is limited by the mass diffusion in the ambient gas provided that interfacial conditions are properly accounted for. This includes important evaporative cooling observed at higher evaporation rates and lower substrate thermal conductivity.
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