Relevant bibliographies by topics / Set valued theory

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Set valued theory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Hajek, P., and Z. Hanikova. "Interpreting lattice-valued set theory in fuzzy set theory." Logic Journal of IGPL 21, no. 1 (July 18, 2012): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzs023.

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Titani, Satoko. "A lattice-valued set theory." Archive for Mathematical Logic 38, no. 6 (August 1, 1999): 395–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001530050134.

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Protasov, I. "Decompositions of set-valued mappings." Algebra and Discrete Mathematics 30, no. 2 (2020): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/adm1485.

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Let X be a set, BX denotes the family of all subsets of X and F:X→BX be a set-valued mapping such that x∈F(x), supx∈X|F(x)|<κ, supx∈X|F−1(x)|<κ for all x∈X and some infinite cardinal κ. Then there exists a family F of bijective selectors of F such that |F|<κ and F(x)={f(x):f∈F} for each x∈X. We apply this result to G-space representations of balleans.
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Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S. "Contributions to the theory of set valued functions and set valued measures." Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 304, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-1987-0906815-3.

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Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S. "On the theory of Banach space valued multifunctions. 2. Set valued martingales and set valued measures." Journal of Multivariate Analysis 17, no. 2 (October 1985): 207–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-259x(85)90079-x.

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TANINO, Tetsuzo. "Theory and Applications of Set-Valued Mappings : Part1:Fundamental Properties of Set-Valued Mappings." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems 13, no. 1 (2001): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jfuzzy.13.1_11.

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DESCHRIJVER, GLAD, and CHRIS CORNELIS. "REPRESENTABILITY IN INTERVAL-VALUED FUZZY SET THEORY." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 15, no. 03 (June 2007): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488507004716.

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Interval-valued fuzzy set theory is an increasingly popular extension of fuzzy set theory where traditional [0,1]-valued membership degrees are replaced by intervals in [0,1] that approximate the (unknown) membership degrees. To construct suitable graded logical connectives in this extended setting, it is both natural and appropriate to "reuse" ingredients from classical fuzzy set theory. In this paper, we compare different ways of representing operations on interval-valued fuzzy sets by corresponding operations on fuzzy sets, study their intuitive semantics, and relate them to an existing, purely order-theoretical approach. Our approach reveals, amongst others, that subtle differences in the representation method can have a major impact on the properties satisfied by the generated operations, and that contrary to popular perception, interval-valued fuzzy set theory hardly corresponds to a mere twofold application of fuzzy set theory. In this way, by making the mathematical machinery behind the interval-valued fuzzy set model fully transparent, we aim to foster new avenues for its exploitation by offering application developers a much more powerful and elaborate mathematical toolbox than existed before.
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O'Regan, Donal. "Generalized coincidence theory for set-valued maps." Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Applications 10, no. 03 (March 4, 2017): 855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22436/jnsa.010.03.01.

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Nishimura, Hirokazu. "Heyting valued set theory and fibre bundles." Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences 24, no. 2 (1988): 225–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2977/prims/1195175197.

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Nishimura, Hirokazu. "Heyting valued set theory and Sato hyperfunctions." Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences 22, no. 4 (1986): 801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2977/prims/1195177631.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Kaczynski, Tomasz. "Topological transversality of condensing set-valued maps." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=73995.

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Ornelas, Gilbert. "Set-valued extensions of fuzzy logic classification theorems /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Stofile, Simfumene. "Fixed points of single-valued and multi-valued mappings with applications." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002960.

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The relationship between the convergence of a sequence of self mappings of a metric space and their fixed points, known as the stability (or continuity) of fixed points has been of continuing interest and widely studied in fixed point theory. In this thesis we study the stability of common fixed points in a Hausdorff uniform space whose uniformity is generated by a family of pseudometrics, by using some general notations of convergence. These results are then extended to 2-metric spaces due to S. Gähler. In addition, a well-known theorem of T. Suzuki that generalized the Banach Contraction Principle is also extended to 2-metric spaces and applied to obtain a coincidence theorem for a pair of mappings on an arbitrary set with values in a 2-metric space. Further, we prove the existence of coincidence and fixed points of Ćirić type weakly generalized contractions in metric spaces. Subsequently, the above result is utilized to discuss applications to the convergence of modified Mann and Ishikawa iterations in a convex metric space. Finally, we obtain coincidence, fixed and stationary point results for multi-valued and hybrid pairs of mappings on a metric space.
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Galbraith, Grant N. "Applications of variational analysis to optimal trajectories and nonsmooth Hamilton-Jacobi theory /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5766.

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Pennanen, Teemu. "Dualization of monotone generalized equations /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5731.

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Brill, Markus [Verfasser], Felix [Akademischer Betreuer] Brandt, and Jérôme [Akademischer Betreuer] Lang. "Set-Valued Solution Concepts in Social Choice and Game Theory : Axiomatic and Computational Aspects / Markus Brill. Gutachter: Felix Brandt ; Jérôme Lang. Betreuer: Felix Brandt." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1031512683/34.

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Piccoli, Bibiana. "Funções ponto a conjunto." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306087.

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Orientador: Maria Sueli Marconi Roversi
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T02:57:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Piccoli_Bibiana_M.pdf: 1524742 bytes, checksum: 4328a3e766798f219a0267cdf6e892b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Estudamos um tipo especial de função denominada função ponto a conjunto, que associa a cada elemento de um espaço métrico um único subconjunto não vazio de outro espaço métrico. A noção de continuidade das funções usuais caracterizada por propriedades equivalentes, enun-ciadas em termos de vizinhanças ou em termos de seqüências, deram origem a versões corres-pondentes para as funções ponto a conjunto. As propriedades adaptadas, não mais equivalentes, são conhecidas como semicontinuidade superior e semicontinuidade inferior, respectivamente. Uma condição do tipo Lipschitz e um tipo de continuidade propriamente, obtido munindo-se o contradomínio da métrica de Hausdorff, foram relacionados à semicontinuidade. Algumas propriedades algébricas ou topológicas dos conjuntos imagem foram essenciais para os resulta-dos obtidos. Abordamos adaptações de alguns resultados clássicos da análise funcional como os teoremas da limitação uniforme, da aplicação aberta e do gráfico fechado para as funções ponto a conjunto caracterizadas como processos convexos, que são os análogos dos operadores lineares. Estabelecemos também uma versão do teorema de Schauder sobre pontos fixos para funções ponto a conjunto e também para as do tipo contração
Abstract: We study a mapping called a set-valued map which associates with each point of a metric space a non empty subset of another metric space. In the case of single-valued maps, contin-uous functions are characterized by two equivalent properties: one in terms of neighborhood and other in terms of sequences. These two properties can be adapted to the case of set-valued maps, are no longer equivalent and are called upper semi continuity and lower semi continuity, respectively. We adapt to the set-valued case the concept of Lipschitz applications and also a type of continuity when the range is enjoyed with the Hausdorff metric. We related them with the conditions of semi continuity. Some of the results depends on algebraic or topological prop-erties of the images. We adapt to closed convex process the principIe of uniform boundedness, the Banach open mapping and closed graph theorems. The closed convex processes are the set-valued analogues of continuous linear operators. We also establish two fixed point result for set-valued maps: the first generalizes the Schauder fixed point theorem and the second considers that of contraction type
Mestrado
Matematica
Mestre em Matemática
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Okon, Thomas. "When graph meets diagonal: an approximative access to fixed point theory." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2001. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1000223151750-26347.

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Buquicchio, Luke J. "Variational Open Set Recognition." Digital WPI, 2020. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1377.

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In traditional classification problems, all classes in the test set are assumed to also occur in the training set, also referred to as the closed-set assumption. However, in practice, new classes may occur in the test set, which reduces the performance of machine learning models trained under the closed-set assumption. Machine learning models should be able to accurately classify instances of classes known during training while concurrently recognizing instances of previously unseen classes (also called the open set assumption). This open set assumption is motivated by real world applications of classifiers wherein its improbable that sufficient data can be collected a priori on all possible classes to reliably train for them. For example, motivated by the DARPA WASH project at WPI, a disease classifier trained on data collected prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 might erroneously diagnose patients with the flu rather than the novel coronavirus. State-of-the-art open set methods based on the Extreme Value Theory (EVT) fail to adequately model class distributions with unequal variances. We propose the Variational Open-Set Recognition (VOSR) model that leverages all class-belongingness probabilities to reject unknown instances. To realize the VOSR model, we design a novel Multi-Modal Variational Autoencoder (MMVAE) that learns well-separated Gaussian Mixture distributions with equal variances in its latent representation. During training, VOSR maps instances of known classes to high-probability regions of class-specific components. By enforcing a large distance between these latent components during training, VOSR then assumes unknown data lies in the low-probability space between components and uses a multivariate form of Extreme Value Theory to reject unknown instances. Our VOSR framework outperforms state-of-the-art open set classification methods with a 15% F1 score increase on a variety of benchmark datasets.
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Tawn, Jonathan Angus. "Extreme value theory with oceanographic applications." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2882/.

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Books on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Aubin, Jean Pierre. Set-valued analysis. Boston: Birkhäuser, 1990.

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Aubin, Jean Pierre. Set-valued analysis. Boston: Birkhäuser, 2009.

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Yukio, Ogura, and Kreinovich Vladik, eds. Limit theorems and applications of set-valued and fuzzy set-valued random variables. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Li, Shoumei. Limit theorems and applications of set-valued and fuzzy set-valued random variables. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Song, Wen. Quality in set-valued optimization. Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Matematyczny, 1998.

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L, Bell J. Set theory: Boolean-valued models and independence proofs. 3rd ed. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press, 2011.

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Pękala, Barbara. Uncertainty Data in Interval-Valued Fuzzy Set Theory. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93910-0.

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Bell, J. L. Boolean-valued models and independence proofs in set theory. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1985.

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Boolean-valued models and independence proofs in set theory. 2nd ed. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press, 1985.

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Yannelis, Nicholas C. Set-valued functions of two variables in economic theory. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Aubin, Jean-Pierre. "Set-Valued Maps." In Viability Theory, 53–75. Boston: Birkhäuser Boston, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4910-4_4.

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Aubin, Jean-Pierre. "Set-Valued Analysis." In Studies in Economic Theory, 361–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60756-1_11.

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Denkowski, Zdzisław, Stanisław Migórski, and Nikolas S. Papageorgiou. "SET-Valued Analysis." In An Introduction to Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, 405–516. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9158-4_4.

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Kharazishvili, A. B. "Set-valued mappings." In Applications of Point Set Theory in Real Analysis, 21–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0750-3_2.

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Aubin, Jean-Pierre, Alexandre M. Bayen, and Patrick Saint-Pierre. "Set-Valued Analysis at a Glance." In Viability Theory, 713–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16684-6_18.

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Cross, Valerie V., and Thomas A. Sudkamp. "Fuzzy-Valued Similarity Measures." In Similarity and Compatibility in Fuzzy Set Theory, 139–42. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-1793-5_10.

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Van Gasse, Bart, Chris Cornelis, and Glad Deschrijver. "Interval-Valued Algebras and Fuzzy Logics." In 35 Years of Fuzzy Set Theory, 57–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16629-7_4.

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Han, Zhengzhi, Xiushan Cai, and Jun Huang. "Set-Valued Mappings and Differential Inclusions." In Theory of Control Systems Described by Differential Inclusions, 53–156. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49245-1_2.

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Gottwald, S. "Many-Valued Logic And Fuzzy Set Theory." In The Handbooks of Fuzzy Sets Series, 5–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5079-2_2.

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Abd El-Monsef, M. E., H. M. Abu-Donia, and E. A. Marei. "Multi-valued Approach to Near Set Theory." In Transactions on Rough Sets XV, 26–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31903-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Alkhazaleh, Shawkat. "n-valued refined neutrosophic soft set theory." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2016.7738004.

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SHIRAHATA, MASARU. "PHASE-VALUED MODELS OF LINEAR SET THEORY." In 7th and 8th Asian Logic Conferences. CO-PUBLISHED WITH SINGAPORE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812705815_0016.

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Rus, Ioan A., Adrian Petruşel, and Gabriela Petruşel. "Fixed point theorems for set-valued Y-contractions." In Fixed Point Theory and its Applications. Warsaw: Institute of Mathematics Polish Academy of Sciences, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/bc77-0-17.

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Chen, Ji-Qiang, Ming-Hu Ha, and Li-Fang Zheng. "The Key Theorem of Learning Theory on Set-Valued Probability Space." In 2007 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2007.4370620.

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Figallo-Orellano, Aldo, and Juan Sebastián Slagter. "Models for da Costa’s paraconsistent set theory." In Workshop Brasileiro de Lógica. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wbl.2020.11456.

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In this work we will be constructed F-structures-valued models as generalization of Boolean-valued models and proved that these models that verify Leibniz’ Law validate all the set-theoretic axioms of da Costa’s Paraconsistent Set Theory type ZF.
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Lin, Yunguo, Xiaoyun Chen, and ShanLi Hu. "Interval-Valued Agent Belief Model Based on New Fuzzy Set Theory." In Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2007.370.

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"Using Valued Tolerance decisions rules for property valuation with rough set theory." In 10th European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2003. ERES, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2003_141.

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Xin, Guan, Yi Xiao, and He You. "Discretization of Continuous Interval-Valued Attributes in Rough Set Theory and its Application." In 2007 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2007.4370787.

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Zhao Zhijin, Yao Yao, and Pu Junjie. "Multiuser detection based on random-set theory and multi-valued particle swarm optimization." In 2008 11th IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icct.2008.4716289.

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Matsumoto, Takahiro, Shinya Matsufuji, Tetsuya Kojima, and Udaya Parampalli. "A generation method of an orthogonal set of real-valued periodic orthogonal sequences from Huffman sequences." In 2011 Australian Communications Theory Workshop (AusCTW). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ausctw.2011.5728739.

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Reports on the topic "Set valued theory"

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Kim, Joseph J., Samuel Dominguez, and Luis Diaz. Freight Demand Model for Southern California Freeways with Owner–Operator Truck Drivers. Mineta Transportation Institute, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1931.

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This study evaluates the demand for truck-only toll lanes on Southern California freeways with owner–operator truck drivers. The study implemented the stated preference survey method to estimate the value placed by drivers on time, reliability, and safety measures using various scenarios geared towards assessing those values. The project team met face-to-face with owner- operator truck drivers near the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach to understand the drivers’ perspectives regarding truck-only toll lanes on Southern California freeways. A data set containing 31 survey responses is obtained and used for statistical data analysis using analysis of variable (ANOVA) and two sample t-tests. The analysis results showed that 75.27% of the owner– operator truck drivers responded are willing to pay toll fees when they choose routes. The tolerated average toll fees are $13.77/ hr and $12.82/hr for weekdays and weekends, respectively. The analysis results also showed that owner–operator truck drivers will take truck-only toll lanes when they take the routes used in four comparisons out of six comparisons according to the three measures such as values of time, reliability, and safety, despite sharing a common origin and destination. The highest toll fee per mile on any day that drivers are willing to pay when the main factor being compared is value of time is $0.31/mile or $18.35/hr. The toll fees associated with reliability and safety measures are $0.30/mile or $8.94/hr and $0.22/mile or $11.01/hr, respectively. These results are meaningful for legislators and transportation agencies as the behaviors and route choice characteristics of owner–operator truck drivers help them better understand the utility and demand for truck-only toll lanes.
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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.

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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.
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Chandra, Shailesh, Mehran Rahmani, Timothy Thai, Vivek Mishra, and Jacqueline Camacho. Evaluating Financing Mechanisms and Economic Benefits to Fund Grade Separation Projects. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1926.

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Investment in transportation infrastructure projects generates benefits, both direct and indirect. While emissions reductions, crash reductions, and travel time savings are prominent direct benefits, there are indirect benefits in the form of real estate enhancements that could pay off debt or loan incurred in the improvement of the infrastructure itself. Studies have shown that improvements associated with rail transportation (such as station upgrades) trigger an increase in the surrounding real estate values, increasing both the opportunity for monetary gains and, ultimately, property tax collections. There is plenty of available guidance that provides blueprints for benefits calculations for operational improvements in rail transportation. However, resources are quite limited in the analysis of benefits that accrue from the separation of railroad at-grade crossings. Understanding the impact of separation in a neighborhood with high employment or population could generate revenues through increased tax collections. In California, the research need is further amplified by a lack of guidance from the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) on at-grade crossing for separation based on revenue generated. There is a critical need to understand whether grade separation projects could impact neighboring real estate values that could potentially be used to fund such separations. With COVID-19, as current infrastructure spending in California is experiencing a reboot, an approach more oriented to benefits and costs for railroad at-grade separation should be explored. Thus, this research uses a robust benefits-to-cost analysis (BCA) to probe the economic impacts of railroad at-grade separation projects. The investigation is carried out across twelve railroad-highway at-grade crossings in California. These crossings are located at Francisquito Ave., Willowbrook/Rosa Parks Station, Sassafras St., Palm St., Civic Center Dr., L St., Spring St. (North), J St., E St., H St., Parkmoor West, and Nursery Ave. The authors found that a majority of the selected at-grade crossings analyzed accrue high benefits-to-cost (BC) ratios from travel time savings, safety improvements, emissions reductions, and potential revenue generated if property taxes are collected and used to fund such separation projects. The analysis shows that with the estimated BC ratios, the railroad crossing at Nursery Ave. in Fremont, Palm St. in San Diego, and H St. in Chula Vista could be ideal candidates for separation. The methodology presented in this research could serve as a handy reference for decision-makers selecting one or more at-grade crossings for the separation considering economic outputs and costs.
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Bayley, Stephen, Darge Wole, Louise Yorke, Paul Ramchandani, and Pauline Rose. Researching Socio-Emotional Learning, Mental Health and Wellbeing: Methodological Issues in Low-Income Contexts. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/068.

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This paper explores methodological issues relating to research on children’s socio-emotional learning (SEL), mental health and wellbeing in low- and lower-middle-income countries. In particular, it examines the key considerations and challenges that researchers may face and provides practical guidance for generating reliable and valid data on SEL, mental health and wellbeing in diverse settings and different cultural contexts. In so doing, the paper draws on the experience of recent research undertaken in Ethiopia to illustrate some of the issues and how they were addressed. The present study extends earlier 2018-2019 RISE Ethiopia research, expanding its scope to consider further aspects of SEL, mental health and wellbeing in the particular context of COVID-19. In particular, the research highlights that the pandemic has brought to the fore the importance of assessing learning, and learning loss, beyond academic learning alone.
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Bridges, Todd, Jeffrey King, Johnathan Simm, Michael Beck, Georganna Collins, Quirijn Lodder, and Ram Mohan. International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41946.

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To deliver infrastructure that sustain our communities, economy, and environment, we must innovate, modernize, and even revolutionize our approach to infrastructure development. Change takes courage, but as one starts down the path of innovation, what was once novel becomes more familiar, more established. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is walking this path with our partners through the Engineering With Nature (EWN) Initiative, integrating human engineering with natural systems. The International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management are the next step toward revolutionary infrastructure development—a set of real-world guidelines to help familiarize us with what was once novel. USACE and collaborators around the world have been building, learning, and documenting the best practices for constructing Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBF) for decades. The consolidation of these lessons into a single guidance document gives decision-makers and practitioners a much-needed resource to pursue, consider, and apply NNBF for flood risk management while expanding value through infrastructure. Relationships and partnerships are vital ingredients for innovation and progress. The NNBF Guidelines was achieved because of the strong relationships in the nature-based engineering community. The magnitude and diversity of contributors to the NNBF Guidelines have resulted in a robust resource that provides value beyond a single agency, sector, or nation. Similarly, the work of incorporating NNBF into projects will require us to strengthen our relationships across organizations, mandates, and missions to achieve resilient communities. I hope you are inspired by the collaborative achievement of the NNBF Guidelines and will draw from this resource to develop innovative solutions to current and future flood risk management challenges. There is a lot we can achieve together along the path of revolutionary infrastructure development.
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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell, and Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.

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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.
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DiGrande, Laura, Sue Pedrazzani, Elizabeth Kinyara, Melanie Hymes, Shawn Karns, Donna Rhodes, and Alanna Moshfegh. Field Interviewer– Administered Dietary Recalls in Participants’ Homes: A Feasibility Study Using the US Department of Agriculture’s Automated Multiple-Pass Method. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0045.2105.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering the Automated Multiple-Pass Method (AMPM), a widely used tool for collecting 24-hour dietary recalls, in participants’ homes by field interviewers. Design: The design included computer-assisted personal interviews led by either a nutritionist (standard) or field interviewer. Portion estimators tested were a set of three-dimensional food models (standard), a two-dimensional food model booklet, or a tablet with digital images rendered via augmented reality. Setting: Residences in central North Carolina. Participants: English-speaking adults. Pregnant women and individuals who were fasting were excluded. Results: Among 133 interviews, most took place in living rooms (52%) or kitchens (22%). Mean interview time was 40 minutes (range 13–90), with no difference by interviewer type or portion estimator, although timing for nutritionist-led interviews declined significantly over the study period. Forty-five percent of participants referenced items from their homes to facilitate recall and portion estimation. Data entry and post-interview coding was evaluated and determined to be consistent with requirements for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Values for the number of food items consumed, food groups, energy intake (average of 3,011 kcal for men and 2,105 kcal for women), and key nutrients were determined to be plausible and within reasonably expected ranges regardless of interviewer type or portion estimator used. Conclusions: AMPM dietary recall interviews conducted in the home are feasible and may be preferable to clinical administration because of comfort and the opportunity for participants to access home items for recall. AMPMs administered by field interviewers using the food model booklet produced credible nutrition data that was comparable to AMPMs administered by nutritionists. Training field interviewers in dietary recall and conducting home interviews may be sensible choices for nutrition studies when response rates and cost are concerns.
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Orning, Tanja. Professional identities in progress – developing personal artistic trajectories. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.544616.

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We have seen drastic changes in the music profession during the last 20 years, and consequently an increase of new professional opportunities, roles and identities. We can see elements of a collective identity in classically trained musicians who from childhood have been introduced to centuries old, institutionalized traditions around the performers’ role and the work-concept. Respect for the composer and his work can lead to a fear of failure and a perfectionist value system that permeates the classical music. We have to question whether music education has become a ready-made prototype of certain trajectories, with a predictable outcome represented by more or less generic types of musicians who interchangeably are able play the same, limited canonized repertoire, in more or less the same way. Where is the resistance and obstacles, the detours and the unique and fearless individual choices? It is a paradox that within the traditional master-student model, the student is told how to think, play and relate to established truths, while a sustainable musical career is based upon questioning the very same things. A fundamental principle of an independent musical career is to develop a capacity for critical reflection and a healthy opposition towards uncontested truths. However, the unison demands for modernization of institutions and their role cannot be solved with a quick fix, we must look at who we are and who we have been to look at who we can become. Central here is the question of how the music students perceive their own identity and role. To make the leap from a traditional instrumentalist role to an artist /curator role requires commitment in an entirely different way. In this article, I will examine question of identity - how identity may be constituted through musical and educational experiences. The article will discuss why identity work is a key area in the development of a sustainable music career and it will investigate how we can approach this and suggest some possible ways in this work. We shall see how identity work can be about unfolding possible future selves (Marcus & Nurius, 1986), develop and evolve one’s own personal journey and narrative. Central is how identity develops linguistically by seeing other possibilities: "identity is formed out of the discourses - in the broadest sense - that are available to us ..." (Ruud, 2013). The question is: How can higher music education (HME) facilitate students in their identity work in the process of constructing their professional identities? I draw on my own experience as a classically educated musician in the discussion.
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Foster, Jessica. Survey of Legal Mechanisms Relating to Groundwater Along the Texas-Mexico Border. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.groundwateralongborder.

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The purpose of this study is to present a factual picture of the multiple groundwater governance frameworks that cover the same transboundary aquifers on the Texas-Mexico border. The study can then serve as a foundation to support future research and as a reference for those sharing groundwater resources on the border to use in considering whether and how to coordinate management. Currently, Texas A&M School of Law, the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University, and the Texas Water Resources Institute are collaboratively pursuing a larger interdisciplinary project, and the study presented in this report is part of that concerted endeavor. First, the project establishes a study area, then identifies who are the stakeholders in the area, and finally summarizes the various rules each entity applies to groundwater. The study area selected is based on the aquifers identified in the 2016 study noted above (see Figure 1). Although there is currently no formal agreement between governments or users in Mexico and Texas for managing the reservoirs that cross underneath the international border, this survey represents a preliminary step in addressing the larger problems that the absence of a cooperative groundwater management framework presents. All of the institutional approaches employed in the various jurisdictions surveyed here model features from which developing management approaches could draw. Equally, noting gaps in the institutional approaches themselves and the ad hoc groundwater withdrawals occurring outside the reach of those institutions illustrates potential value in engaging local users in Texas’ and Mexico’s respective groundwater governance arrangements.
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Ruosteenoja, Kimmo. Applicability of CMIP6 models for building climate projections for northern Europe. Finnish Meteorological Institute, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361416.

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In this report, we have evaluated the performance of nearly 40 global climate models (GCMs) participating in Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The focus is on the northern European area, but the ability to simulate southern European and global climate is discussed as well. Model evaluation was started with a technical control; completely unrealistic values in the GCM output files were identified by seeking the absolute minimum and maximum values. In this stage, one GCM was rejected totally, and furthermore individual output files from two other GCMs. In evaluating the remaining GCMs, the primary tool was the Model Climate Performance Index (MCPI) that combines RMS errors calculated for the different climate variables into one index. The index takes into account both the seasonal and spatial variations in climatological means. Here, MCPI was calculated for the period 1981—2010 by comparing GCM output with the ERA-Interim reanalyses. Climate variables explored in the evaluation were the surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level air pressure and incoming solar radiation at the surface. Besides MCPI, we studied RMS errors in the seasonal course of the spatial means by examining each climate variable separately. Furthermore, the evaluation procedure considered model performance in simulating past trends in the global-mean temperature, the compatibility of future responses to different greenhouse-gas scenarios and the number of available scenario runs. Daily minimum and maximum temperatures were likewise explored in a qualitative sense, but owing to the non-existence of data from multiple GCMs, these variables were not incorporated in the quantitative validation. Four of the 37 GCMs that had passed the initial technical check were regarded as wholly unusable for scenario calculations: in two GCMs the responses to the different greenhouse gas scenarios were contradictory and in two other GCMs data were missing from one of the four key climate variables. Moreover, to reduce inter-GCM dependencies, no more than two variants of any individual GCM were included; this led to an abandonment of one GCM. The remaining 32 GCMs were divided into three quality classes according to the assessed performance. The users of model data can utilize this grading to select a subset of GCMs to be used in elaborating climate projections for Finland or adjacent areas. Annual-mean temperature and precipitation projections for Finland proved to be nearly identical regardless of whether they were derived from the entire ensemble or by ignoring models that had obtained the lowest scores. Solar radiation projections were somewhat more sensitive.
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