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1
Peters, Ann. "Topará in Pisco: settlement pattern and landscape." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113391.
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The settlement pattern associated with the presence of the Topara ceramic tradition in the lower Pisco River watershed and ad-jacent coastal plain is analyzed based on fieldwork and mapping carried out between 1985 y 1987 and an update process asso-ciated with establishing geographic coordinates for the site of Chongos in 2013. Available data on Paracas tradition occupationsis compared with evidence for occupations and associated architecture in the Jahuay and Chongos phases, as well as Carmenoccupations, also associated with early Nasca. Site locations are related to the development and management of water-basedresources and communication routes, and to the processes of human modification of the landscape on the south central coast ofPeru. Re-analysis of mid-20th century aerial photographs and the fieldwork by Dwight Wallace is central to this study, alongwith amplification of the research topics and the physical areas he covered. Data on architectural patterns, evidence for associatedactivities, and artifact associations provide criteria for evaluating the relationship between the Pisco Valley occupations, those atthe Paracas site, and other contemporary occupations in the south coast region.En este artículo, se presenta un análisis del patrón de asentamiento asociado a la presencia de la tradición Topará en el valle costerode la cuenca del río Pisco. Este se ha basado en el trabajo de campo y el levantamiento topográfico que fueron llevados a cabo entre 1985 y 1987; y, también, los procesos de actualización de la presentación de las coordenadas geográficas del sitio de Chongos en 2013. Los datos disponibles acerca de los asentamientos de la tradición Paracas se comparan con las evidencias de ocupacionesde las fases Jahuay y Chongos, tanto como las ocupaciones carmen, asociadas a Nasca Temprano. La ubicación de los sitios sevincula con el desarrollo y el manejo de los recursos de agua y las rutas de comunicación; en consecuencia, se observa en relacióncon los procesos de modificación humana del paisaje de la costa sur. Un reanálisis de las fotografías aéreas y del trabajo de campode Dwight Wallace a medianos del siglo XX es central para este estudio, como una ampliación del área y de los tópicos cubiertospor sus investigaciones. Los patrones arquitectónicos, las evidencias de actividades y las asociaciones artefactuales proporcionanalgunos criterios para evaluar la relación entre las ocupaciones del valle de Pisco, las del sitio de Paracas, y otras ocupaciones contemporáneas en la costa sur.
2
Suen, I.-Shian. "Measuring sprawl : a quantitative study of residential development pattern in King County, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10812.
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Power, Conrad. "Hierarchical fuzzy pattern matching for the regional comparison of land use maps." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ42427.pdf.
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Dorrian, Mark Woodburne. "On the Irish clachan settlement pattern and the authority of order and form." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://oro.open.ac.uk/55753/.
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The Irish clachan is a settlement form, a grouping of houses and related out-buildings, that has been associated with the 'Rundale' agricultural system. Study of it has proceeded largely within the discipline of Geography, and has been coordinated primarily by questions such as those of the antiquity and distribution of the type. The morphology of the built form has been commented on, but in a limited and highly circumscribed way; to date it has received little sustained attention. This is the focus of the present study - the spatial formation of the clusters, their 'architectural' quality, and specifically how that was and is interpreted and understood. Following an introductory critical review of recent academic treatment of the subject, a brief history is sketched of ways in which the clusters have been described. Close attention is paid to the categories which relate to their spatial qualities, categories which, it is recognized, passed over into the documents of the human sciences and which problematize the latters' project of understanding. It is thus argued, with reference to Heidegger's thinking, that scholarship on the clusters has conceptually mis-sited them. The hermeneutic position of the investigator has not been thematized. By situating the commentaries on native settlement within the development of the expansive, and far from uncommitted, discourse on Ireland the operation of the notion of disorder is examined. Here it is seen to be structurally related to a series of privileged and abject categories strategically organized around a master duality of civility and savagery. The suggestion that geometrically structured space, as the space of authority, was importantly linked with the privileged categories is investigated and the relationship between the clusters and the categories of the 'monstrous' and the 'grotesque' considered.
5
Croom, Jane Nicola. "The pre-medieval and medieval human landscape and settlement pattern of South-east Shropshire." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498039.
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The subject of this thesis is the pre-medieval and medieval settlement pattern and human landscape of south-east Shropshire. Using the multi-disciplinary techniques first developed by H P R Finberg and C C Taylor, the area's administrative geography is investigated, in particular the pattern of Anglo-Saxon land units and settlements. Urban origins in the area and the extent to which the towns' roles may have developed out of the earlier, estate-based systems of administrative and economic exchange are investigated using the very considerable documentary, toponymic and topographical evidence available. Special attention is paid to the early history of two of the area's later medieval towns Much Wenlock and Bridgnorth. Much Wenlock is a planned town, focused on a seventh century royal minster, and possibly a place of pre-medieval importance. Bridgnorth is a twelfth century "new town", with a royal burh and royal free chapel nearby. The research into the towns' origins and their relationship to the medieval and pre-medieval landscape includes the detailed topographical analysis of the region using the earliest reliable maps. The towns' subsequent medieval growth is also studied, particularly in respect of each one's several sorts of relationship (eg. socio-economic, ecclesiastical) with the area's rural society and landscape.
6
Miller, James. "Redefining the Lakou: The Resilience of a Vernacular Settlement Pattern in Post-Disaster Haiti." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13002.
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The study shows the importance of the lakou, which is a spatial manifestation of the familial social structure in the Haitian culture, through the analysis of post-disaster temporary settlements, showing that through their own devices endogenous inhabitants create the lakou in post-disaster temporary settlements. The methodology was qualitative through interviews, observations, and site mapping, and qualitative coding was used to uncover the emergent themes. This study establishes the importance of the lakou in community vibrancy and demonstrates how the lakou adds to the resilience of the survivors living in such settlements. The unprecedented transformation of the lakou from a kinship based settlement pattern to a more inclusive non-familial pattern points to the importance of the spatial and social manifestation in the development of community in a settlement. It is conjectured that this resiliency factor can be useful in the process of turning a post-disaster settlement into a successful permanent settlement.
7
Brooks, Timothy. "Early Japanese Urbanism: A Study of the Urbanism of Proto-historic Japan and Continuities from the Yayoi to the Asuka Periods." Thesis, Department of Archaeology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10181.
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The way in which Japanese archaeologists and historians see their past has created two separate systems of periodization causing many issues for dating certain material of the same age. As a consequence of the retro-projection of present day social and political perspectives onto the past, the sequence has become fragmented. Part of the issue lies in assumptions about the nature of urbanism and the state, stemming from the Japanese model of urbanism. This is tied directly to the influence of Chinese grid style cities used as capital cities from the late 7th century onwards. Before this, other different forms of "capital" can be identified, for example in the Asuka and Naniwa areas, associated with the initial formation of the state. The Asuka area in particular was the residence of elites and the location of local crafts, associated with shrine and tombs spread out over a wide area. This may therefore be an example of a low-density dispersed urban environment. The thesis aims to demonstrate that this is the case.
8
MODERATO, MARCO. "Dinamiche insediative nel paesaggio storico di Durazzo fra età classica e tarda antichità." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/352069.
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Questo progetto di ricerca si propone di studiare il paesaggio della regione di Durazzo tra VI secolo a.C. e VI secolo d.C., con particolare attenzione ai cosiddetti insediamenti minori, attraverso la metodologia e gli strumenti dell’archeologia dei paesaggi. La regione dell’Albania Centrosettentrionale, racchiusa dai fiumi Ishem e Shkumbin, è stata nel corso dei secoli palinsesto per una serie di attività umane che ne hanno segnato, in antichità e ancor di più in età contemporanea, natura e aspetto, funzione e fruizione. Attraverso uno studio multifonte, questa ricerca mira a ricostruire le dinamiche insediative del periodo designato, proporre modelli di popolamento del territorio e fornire una base per la tutela del patrimonio archeologico puntuale e paesaggistico regionale.
9
Dikkaya, Fahri. "Settlement Patterns Of Altinova In The Early Bronze Age." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1254614/index.pdf.
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This study aims to investigate the settlement patterns of Altinova in the Early Bronze Age and its reflection to social and cultural phenomena. Altinova, which is the most arable plain in Eastern Anatolia, is situated in the borders of Elazig province. The region in the Early Bronze Age was the conjunction and interaction area for two main cultural complexes in the Near East, which were Syro-Mesopotamia and Transcaucasia, with a strong local character.
The effect of the foreign and local cultural interactions to the settlement patterns of Altinova in the Early Bronze Age and its reflection in the socio-economic structures have been discussed in the social perspective. In addition, the settlement distribution and its system were analyzed through the quantitative methods, that were gravity model, rank-size analysis, and nearest neighbor analysis. The results of these quantitative analyses with the archaeological data have been discussed in the social and theoretical context.
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Terzi, Esra. "The 19th Century Olive Oil Industry In Ayvalik And Its Impact On The Settlement Pattern." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609171/index.pdf.
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Ayvalik which is located on the Aegean coast of the West Anatolia made its main breakthrough in the 19th century and owe this development to olive oil production which was the main economic input of the settlement since the establishment of Ayvalik.
Ayvalik was within the hinterland of izmir which was gained importance as a regional trade centre in the 19th century. Thus, Ayvalik found the way to improve its trade relations in an international level and eventually increase its olive oil production volume due to the growing demands.
The new form of olive oil productionfactories, developed together with the traditional house and workshop productions in the last quarter of the 19th century in Ayvalik. These three forms of production made up the second significant usage within the Ayvalik after the residential areas. The two or more floored, large volumed buildings were especially located on the shore, near to the port and trade facilities, on a flat terrain and became the most dominant and attractive buildings of the settlement. Besides the impressive industrial buildings, olive oil production itself effected the settlement pattern of Ayvalik. The main transportation axes were formed accordingly to the relationship between raw material areas and production places. The olive oil production also has an effect on the physical development direction of the settlement. The areas influenced from the negative effects of the production i.e., smell and dust were not chosen for development. The development of industrial buildings also blocked the physical relationship between the residential areas and sea. The industrial buildings such as factories, workshops and warehouses along the coast line reflect the industrial character of Ayvalik in the settlement&rsquo
s silhouette.
11
Wu, Mu-Chun. "The spatial construct of social relations : social transformation in early Kaushi, Taiwan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:88dc5768-3800-46c4-960f-2266c9da3b5a.
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This research attempts to extend the application of spatial analysis to the investigation of human agency in social relations. Marcos Llobera's research framework on modelling daily experience and social space showcases great potentials of utilising Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to explore the perception and behaviour of individual agents. By expanding Llobera's work and incorporating Tim Ingold's wayfaring theory to explore the human agency in the context of social relations, this research proposes a new analytical method to investigate social relations through the accumulation of intimate interactions. Exemplified with detailed analysis on two settlements of Kaushi people in Taiwan, the proposed analytical method demonstrates great strength and yields fruitful insights into their social structure and transformation. In addition, this method is particularly instrumental in unravelling specific relations between individuals, as well as between social groups. The application of this method on Kaushi settlements yielded fruitful insights of their social structure and transformation. On the other hand, the side products of this approach can be further employed to investigate the visual structure and movement intensity of a site, as well as to experiment alternative 'what if' scenarios relating to visibility, movement, and interaction. In sum, this research augments the potential of spatial analysis to explore human agency in a social context and lays out a further platform for the investigation of social relations at a settlement scale.
12
Yorukan, Gunes. "A Study On Celtic/galatian Impacts On The Settlement Pattern In Anatolia Before The Roman Era." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610539/index.pdf.
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Anatolia has been the cradle of many different cultures throughout history. One of these was the Celts who migrated from Europe to Anatolia in the 3rd century BC and had various impacts on the settlement pattern of the region called Galatia after their arrival. Therefore in Anatolia urbanization history we know them as Galatians.
The main statement of this thesis is that, cultural identity is not a static, inherent quality, but a dynamic and contigent aspect of the existence of people. Therefore cultural identity should be regarded as a pattern continuum. In thisd study, in order to predict the Galatian settlement pattern until thr Roman dominance in the late 1st century BC in Anatolia, European Celtic settlement pattern has been reviewed as well as archaeolgical evidence and the Celtic language. The Hallstatt and the following La Tene periods in European history have been investigated since La Tene period is isochronic with Galatians in Anatolia. From the archaeological evidence in Europe, it is clear that the Celts established defended settlements, mastered the art of iron working and mining, and traded with the classical world.
In previous literature, Anatolia Celts/Galatians have been regarded as nomads who were involved mostly in warfare. However, the location of their forts and village-like settlements along the ancient trade routes implies that they were settled people who were engaged in production and trading activities as well, similar to La Tene in Europe.
Settlement types and their distribution pattern, linguistic and archaeological evidence investigated in this thesis verify that Celtic cultural identity in the history of Europe and Anatolia should be regarded as a pattern continuum.
13
Johnson, Erik A. "County-Level Land Use Planning Policies and Regulations Impacting the Pattern of Settlement in Utah County, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,19181.
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Gabler, Brandon Michael. "PANARCHY ON THE PLATEAU: MODELING PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENT PATTERN, LAND USE, AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE ON THE PAJARITO PLATEAU, NEW MEXICO." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195831.
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LA-UR-09-02500A wide range of theories - resilience theory and the study of complex adaptive systems, for example - are advancing our understanding of anthropological systems. Recently, anthropologists have applied the panarchy framework to study socionatural systems. This framework allows researchers to assess growth, conservation, release, and reorganization in this nested-cycle model that operates simultaneously at multiple spatio-temporal scales. The long time-depth of the archaeological record is a critical factor in our ability to investigate human behavior within the panarchy's set of nested adaptive cycles.Archaeological investigation in the US Southwest has focused on processes of aggregation and culture change due to varying environmental and social conditions; the Pajarito Plateau, NM, has been the subject of archaeological research since the late 1800s. The Los Alamos National Laboratory portion of the Plateau has been thoroughly surveyed for cultural resources, but has received less attention by scholars than surrounding areas, including Bandelier National Monument. I use the panarchy framework to build a model of Puebloan settlement, land use, demography, and adaptation to assess the utility of the panarchy model for anthropological systems and fill a void in archaeologists' understanding of the Puebloan Southwest.I analyze patterns of residential and agricultural land use during the Rio Grande Coalition and Classic periods (A.D. 1150-1600) for the Pajarito Plateau. I conclude that there is no major change in the use of various landscape ranges between these periods. I reconstruct regional Puebloan momentary population and investigate recent evidence that supports a San Juan Basin source of the dramatic population increase during the Late Coalition. I also investigate aggregation into large plaza pueblos, the development of craft specialization, agricultural intensification, architectural change, and increased participation in the wider Rio Grande marketplace economy as responses of households, clans, villages, and the entire Pajarito population to the highly fluctuating climate of the local landscape. I address these results within the panarchy framework. Further, I argue that the Pajarito Plateau system continued after the population dispersed into the Rio Grande Valley below, to be closer to reliable sources of water and the growing Rio Grande economy.
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Doza, Sajid-Bin. "Riverine Fortress city of "Mahasthan" in deltaic Bengal: in search for the traditional settlement pattern of ancient cities." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18416.
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Bengala passou por enormes experiências de desenvolvimento sócio‐cultural, de estabilidade
económica e de avanço da literatura e das artes. Durante o reinado Budista, Hindu e do
Sultanato, a sociedade foi‐se valorizando e enriquecendo com estes diferentes valores e a
amálgama cultural que representaram. Esta coexistência foi evoluindo e as pessoas começaram
a dedicar‐se ao comércio, mas foram organizando e reformando a própria sociedade. O
verdadeiro "renascimento" desta política económica e cultural Bengali seguiu um determinado
caminho entre os possíveis. Para se manter e para proteger o território dos inimigos e de todas
as ameaças externas, os “heróis” antigos foram previdentes, desenvolvendo uma forte
capacidade em reforçar território fortificado, que designamos por cidade‐fortaleza. Esta tipo de
cidade histórica planeada foi implantada, com variações, neste delta Bengali; por isso, os
padrões de instalação e ocupação antigos foram observados na sua relação com as margens
ribeirinhas e os recursos de água adjacentes e centrados em torno de uma estrutura religiosa.
Uma cronologia popular no país ajuda a compreender a formação de um povoado ou de uma
cidade. Na era Budista, a comunidade religiosa, o bazar e as vias marítimas eram o ponto central
que concentram a mistura de pessoas e nações. Este sítio não foi excepção do delta de Bengali,
embora esta tese fosse sinuosa e estivesse no meio de uma grande rede fluvial; os antigos
dirigentes face à necessidade de criar sistemas de protecção territorial foram gerando os
diversos padrões de assentamento e ocupação, com mega‐estruturas, infraestruturas e uma
arquitectura público que se foram tornando os elementos característicos do domínio do espaço.
Essas fortalezas ribeirinhas foram organizando padrões de assentamento cujas características
variavam em função das percepções estratégicas e da morfologia do sítio; afinal estas foram as
cidades do Delta que, além do perfil do rio, muitas vezes dependeram de influências locais e
tradicionais. Neste delta Bengal, a cidade podia obedecer a tipos diferentes, mas, no geral, havia
um padrão geral de ocupação das cidades que os administradores budistas antigos concebiam
com um planejamento estratégico e uma morfologia que ía além da muralha do forte. O
objectivo desta investigação é, em primeiro lugar, identificar e analisar a morfologia das antigas
cidades‐fortaleza e os padrões de assentamentos em termos das suas estratégias de defesa e da
arquitectura que organizava a ligação ao rio da terra Bengali. Em segundo lugar, o contexto e a
organização do planeamento e lugar das estruturas fortificadas, abordando‐as numa
perspectiva de conjectura, através do trabalho pictográfico e ilustrado. O antigo assentamento e
a própria arquitectura de MAHASTHAN, um sítio datado do século VIII AD é um local ideal para
essa investigação, dado ser um local de memória, de um espaço evocativo, ter um "sentido de
lugar" e, claro, um padrão espacial tradicional flexível em relação as condições regionais e às
construção tradicionais deste delta Bengali. Por fim, o estudo irá explorar a imagem
(restauração conjectural) da escala da cidade, do espaço, da função e do sentido cultural do
próprio bairro da antiga povoação ribeirinha, através da revisão crítica da literatura, do
conhecimento das sucessivas escavações arqueológicas e com a ajuda da informação histórica
pictográfica. O estudo irá explorar ainda o significado desses antigos assentamentos no
subcontinente e a sua transformação em Bengali, focando as estratégias actuais de defesa e a
sua manifestação física, bem como o papel que pode ter o Património Digital; Riverine Fortress city of `MAHASTHAN´ in Deltaic Bengal:
In search for the traditional settlement pattern of ancient cities
Abstract:
Bengal had passed through enormous experiences of socio‐cultural development, economical stabilities,
advancement in literature and arts. During the reign of Buddhist, Hindu and Sultanate Bengal the society
was cherished and enriched with full of values and cultural amalgamation. Co‐existence in the society
evolved up and people started occupying time in trade‐transaction and society reformation. The ‘rebirth’
of the Bengali cultural consistency took a way forward to immense possible trails. To remain retain
established and to protect the territory from external forces as well as the enemies, the ancient heroes
had prepared themselves, besides invented with strong capability to reinforce fortified territory or the
fortress city. The historic city planning implanted with different characteristics, and prolonged with
variations in this delta land of Bengal. Ancient Bengal was focused with their settlement pattern by the
bank of the river or by the watery sources. Settlement in the ancient time used to develop centering a
religious structure. Eventually; it is the popular chronology for deriving a hamlet or a town. For the
Buddhist era, religious community, bazaar and the maritime route came to focus with the mixture of
various people and the nation. Simply, it was no exception for the case of the delta land Bengal, although
this mainland is curved and chiseled with cress cross river networks; the ancient heroes contributed
outposts for territorial protection and thoroughly generated the pattern of settlement. Mega structures,
infrastructures and public welfare architecture were becoming the notion of the domain. That river fort
architecture and the settlement patterns had the strategic and morphological characteristics, which got
different from other purpose built forts, nonetheless‐was in consistence with the local city context.
Bengali riverine fortress cities experienced lots of local and traditional influences only for being the river
fort and their settlement around it, stating from the component, elements of forts and formal profile of the
river. So, undoubtedly Bengal conceived unique kind of riverine oriented fortress settlement pattern,
which has distinct typescripts. Even in the case of this fort formation the ancient Buddhist administrators
had some strategic planning, morphology for spread city beyond the fort wall. The objective of the
research is firstly to identify and to analyse the morphology of the ancient fortress cities1 and settlements
in terms of their defence strategies and river fort architecture of Bengal. Secondly the context and the
planning organization and positioning the sites for fortification addressing pictographic and conjectural
restoration2 includes ancient city formation through river‐fort architecture in Bengal. The ancient
settlement and architecture, dated back 8th Century AD of a specific site of MAHASTHAN would be the
intensive area of the research, its memory, space, ‘sense of place’ and the traditional spatial pattern would
be the intensive area of the study that would remind flexible towards regional conditions and building
tradition as happened in riverine ancient Bengal. Lastly the study will explore the image (conjectural
restoration) of the scale of the city, space, function and cultural longing of the neighbourhood pattern of
ancient riverine settlement, through the critical literature reviewing, progressive archaeological
excavation and by the referencing of historic pictographic information. The study will explore for
meaning of ancient settlements in the subcontinent and its transformation in Bengal with a focus on
defence strategies and its physical manifestation as well as the Digital Heritage phenomenon.
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Ricciardelli, Taryn. "The hinterlands of Town Creek| A settlement pattern study of the Mississippian occupation of the North Carolina Piedmont." Thesis, East Carolina University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1598206.
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The Town Creek mound site, located in Montgomery County, North Carolina, is classified as Mississippian based on the archaeological evidence for intensive maize agriculture, the presence of complicated stamped ceramics, and the presence of an earthen platform mound. In my research, I studied hinterland sites within a 40-km radius of the mound site to determine how Mississippian settlement patterns in the surrounding region changed through time. I used ceramic analysis and the presence and absence of diagnostic artifacts to create an occupational history of hinterland sites. I also used spatial analysis to delineate polity boundaries and compare spatial patterns to others established in the region. When ceramic and spatial data were combined, patterns emerged suggesting that fewer hinterland sites were occupied during the height of Town Creek’s occupation, and more hinterland sites were occupied when Town Creek’s population was dwindling. These patterns suggest that as people moved away from Town Creek, they were relocating within the mound site’s immediate vicinity. Spatial analysis also showed a break in hinterland sites at 18 km during all of Town Creek’s occupation, indicating that the administrative center at Town Creek had an influence of at least 18 km.
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Parcak, Sarah Helen. "Settlement pattern studies in the Nile's floodplain : satellite imagery analysis and ground survey in Middle Egypt and the Delta." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442407.
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Shimizu, Daigo. "People's Water and River Perceptions in the Selangor River Basin, Malaysia." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253262.
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Wehlin, Joakim. "Let the remains ask the questions : In search for prehistoric relations on a Samoan settlement pattern through a correspondence analysis." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-821.
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My interest in ethno-archaeology and a Minor Field Study grant brought me to Samoa. There I had a chance to participate in a multinational project “The Pulemelei project, the origins and Development of Monumental architecture”. On the former copra plantation Letolo situated on the SE part of the Island of Savai’i, is an extensive pre-historic settlement with over 3000 remains situated. The remains are now heavily overgrown but when the vegetation was cleared an extensive survey was carried out (1977-78). By using these records my aim is to understand more about how chiefdom society works in pre-historic times as well as in the present. The archaeological study is carried out with the aid of a correspondence analysis using the survey data as well as through a practical fieldwork (excavations) study of the settlement pattern at the Letolo plantation. The settlement shows large variations between the inland and the coastal region and those actions opened for whole new questions and ideas about the Samoan prehistory. During my journey I also got a better understanding for ethno-archaeology, and the problems that can meet us using these analogies and carrying out archaeological studies in a global setting and traditional society. To date, quite limited archaeology has been carried out on Samoa but the archaeological “revival” boosted by the project which started in this area in 2002 has created an opportunity to train the first generation of Samoan archaeologists and give them a good platform to stand on!
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Demirci, Ekin. "Changes In The Settlement Pattern In The Cukurova Region (cilicia) From The Middle Bronze Age To The Late Bronze Age." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610319/index.pdf.
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The Çukurova Region (Cilicia) is an alluvial plain enriched by the rivers of Seyhan and Ceyhan, surrounded by the Taurus mountain range in the North and West and the Amanos Mountains in the east
and stretching from the skirts of the Bolkar-Aladag massif to Mediterranean Sea at its southern most extension. The region is thus an inaccessible marginal zone except only reachable through several mountains passes from the Anatolian Plateau or from the sea through the harbour towns. The research subject of this thesis is to evaluate the region and the changes in the settlement pattern, covering the time period from the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 1900-1650 B.C.) to the end of Late Bronze Age (ca. 1200 B.C.) by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to analyse archaeological survey data. Data sets are collected from old and recent archaeological surveys and spatially analysed under a set of parameters (density and proximity) in order to define the habitation patterns throughout the mentioned time periods. An effort was made to challenge the theory that settlement pattern changes were resulted from the impact of the Imperial Hittite policy in the LBA, and some alternative suggestions are presented.
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von, Groote-Bidlingmaier Carolin [Verfasser], and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] Timpf. "Developing a Data Driven Approach for the Analysis of Functional Settlement Pattern Considering Environmental Space / Carolin von Groote-Bidlingmaier ; Betreuer: Sabine Timpf." Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149627948/34.
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Waffen, Chad. "Ohio’s Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Western Basin of Lake Erie During the Transitional Late Woodland and Late Prehistoric Periods (750AD-1450AD): A GIS Analysis." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1321982660.
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Kavas, Kemal Reha. "Environmental Aesthetics Of The Rural Architectural Tradition In The Mediterranean Highlander Settlement: The Case Study Of Urunlu." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610938/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis formulates a conceptual framework to account for the rural architectural traditions. The proposal is presented by referring to Ürü
nlü
, a Mediterranean highland settlement in Southwestern Turkey. The thesis'
basic assumption is the environmental coherence of the traditional rural culture. Environmental aesthetics provides the conceptual basis through which architectural elements of the environmental coherence are investigated. Environmental aesthetics enhances the inclusive conceptions of "
environment"
as an integral whole merging nature with culture and "
aesthetics"
as an integrated realm of perceptual engagement with environment. The integrative perspectives of environmental aesthetics unify the phenomenological approach with the concepts of "
tectonic syntax"
and "
pattern language,"
which have been raised by previous studies of the traditional built environment. This integral conceptual framework is used to derive the conceptual tools. Environmental coherence between the various scale levels of the rural settlement ranging from architectural detail to settlement pattern defines "
aesthetics of continuity."
The conceptual tools, which are the "
tectonic joint,"
the organic interface and the environmental armature, serve as the successive scale levels on which the architectural elements of the "
aesthetics of continuity"
are analyzed. This framework is applied to Ü
rü
nlü
for identifying the spatial articulations of environment as multileveled patterns illustrating culture-specific solutions to contextual problems. Hence, the patterns are reconsidered as the aspects of architectural enculturation. The thesis'
proposal for an environmental representation of the settlement concretizes the patterns of integration between the rural architectural tradition and environment and explains the aesthetics of continuity between nature and culture. The intended contribution of the case study is a new theoretical approach generally applicable to the rural settlements.
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Hecht, Robert. "Automatische Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-151601.
Full textAbstract:
Für die Beantwortung verschiedener Fragestellungen im Siedlungsraum werden kleinräumige Informationen zur Siedlungsstruktur (funktional, morphologisch und sozio-ökonomisch) benötigt. Der Gebäudebestand spielt eine besondere Rolle, da dieser die physische Struktur prägt und sich durch dessen Nutzung Verteilungsmuster von Wohnungen, Arbeitsstätten und Infrastrukturen ergeben. In amtlichen Geodaten, Karten und Diensten des Liegenschaftskatasters und der Landesvermessung sind die Gebäude in ihrem Grundriss modelliert. Diese besitzen allerdings nur selten explizite semantische Informationen zum Gebäudetyp. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob und wie genau eine automatische Erkennung von Gebäudetypen unter Nutzung von Methoden der Geoinformatik, der Mustererkennung und des maschinellen Lernens möglich ist. In diesem Buch werden methodische Bausteine zur automatischen Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen vorgestellt. Im Kern werden Fragen beantwortet zu den Datenanforderungen, der Gebäudetypologie, der Merkmalsgewinnung sowie zu geeigneten Klassifikationsverfahren und den Klassifikationsgenauigkeiten, die abhängig von Eingangsdaten, Siedlungstyp und Trainingsdatenmenge erzielt werden können. Der Random-Forest-Algorithmus zeigte die höchste Flexibilität, Generalisierungsfähigkeit und Effizienz und wurde als bestes Klassifikationsverfahren identifiziert. Die Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Gewinnung kleinräumiger Informationen zur Siedlungsstruktur. Die entwickelte Methodik ermöglicht ein breites Anwendungsspektrum in der Wissenschaft, Planung, Politik und Wirtschaft (u. a. Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Infrastrukturplanung, Risikomanagement, Energiebedarfsplanung oder dem Geomarketing)Building data are highly relevant for the small-scale description of settlement structures. Spatial base data from National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies describe the buildings in terms of the geometry but often lack semantic information on the building type. Here, methods for the automatic classification of building footprints are presented and discussed. The work addresses issues of data integration, data processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and investigates the accuracy of various classification methods. The results are of scientific, planning, policy and business interest at various spatial levels
25
Chidi, Segatla Charles. "An evaluation of rural-urban migration and its link to informal settlement pattern : a case study of Disteneng in Polokwane Municipality in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/765.
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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2010Urbanization and rural-urban migration are processes that are surrounded by a great deal of controversy and pose as significant challenges in contemporary South Africa. In dealing, controlling, and managing urbanization and rural urban migration, the South African government has developed a number of policies to respond to this to these challenges such as Urban Development Framework of 1997 which aims to promote effective urban reconstruction and development, to guide development policies, strategies and actions of all stakeholders in the urban development processes and other policies that are geared towards urban development management. In this study, an effort is made to evaluate rural-urban migration and its link to informal settlement patterns at Disteneng area (Limpopo Province). The study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect data. Questionnaires, formal interviews and observations were used to assemble primary data. Policies, journals, books were used to gather secondary data. The study found that there are quite number of issues that lead to rural-urban migration such as rural poverty and unemployment. It also established that policies that have been developed to control rural-urban migration and urbanization are not comprehensive enough to respond to rural-urban migration. They need to be revitalized and reviewed. The study also found out that the main reason for the backlog in services and development relate to a lack of commitment, capacity and experience of officials mandated to bring development to the study area. Recommendations of the study include community empowerment, skills development, monitoring of performance and capacity building for officials. There is a direct link between rural-urban migration and the sprawling of urban informal settlements calling for multi-pronged interventions from multiple government agencies to address the phenomenon. The Disteneng area is a melting pot which requires urgent attention.
26
Morales, Daniel. "Investigaciones arqueológicas en Pacopampa, departamento de Cajamarca." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113474.
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Archaeological Research at Pacopampa, Department of CajamarcaSince 1973 the author has spent several periods of fieldwork in the Pacopampa area, one of the most important ceremonial complexes in northern Peru. He concentrates on the discussion of the settlement pattern, which suggests the existence of four types of sites (A -D) in three levels with Pacopampa at the top and the D sites being distant centers of probably other systems. The B sites are apparently functionally attached to the center and even the C sites had ceremonial architecture. Of major importance is new evidence of Late Formative ceramics comparable to the La Copa phase at Kuntur Wasi in contexts interpreted as the reoccupation of Middle Formative structures.Desde 1993 el autor ha llevado a cabo varias temporadas de trabajo de campo en la zona de Pacopampa, una de las áreas más importantes en el norte del Perú. Se concentra en la discusión del patrón de asentamiento, sugiriendo la existencia de cuatro tipos de sitios (A-D) en tres niveles con Pacopampa en la parte más alta, siendo los sitios D probablemente centros distantes de otros sistemas. Los sitios B están en forma aparente unidos al centro e incluso los sitios D tienen arquitectura. De mayor importancia es la nueva evidencia de la cerámica del Formativo Tardío comparable a la de la fase La Copa de Kuntur Wasi en contextos interpretados como la ocupación de estructuras del Formativo Medio.
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Kaffash, Mohammed Ashrafian. "The relationship between rural settlement pattern, water supply and land use in the Khorasan district of Iran between the mid 1960s and the mid 1970s." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7079/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the relationship between settlement patterns, water supply and land use in the Khorasan Province of Iran. In particulars the work concentrates on the period between 1966 and 1976 as most of the original material has been derived from the censuses of those years and also from the associated village gazetteers. Considerable time has been expended translating the raw data into complex settlement maps and these form a key link throughout the text. The thesis begins by considering traditional settlement location theories and introduces some discussion as to their appropriateness far Iran. After some methodological considerations, the main body of the work begins in Chapter 3 with some discussion of the impact of physical factors on settlement location. This is followed by two key chapters which take the physical theme further with a detailed consideration of the relationship between settlement locations and the dynamics of water supply. Chapter 6 returns to the theme of settlement patterns with further consideration of spatial arrangement and settlement densities. The next three chapters examine the human aspects of settlement dynamics more fully with discussion of the impacts of land reform, agricultural land use and population trends respectively. The final chapter concludes the thesis and tries to reconsider the validity of some of the theoretical comments of Chapter 1.The general conclusion demonstrates that since the 1960s there has been a movement towards some degree of potential settlement order and a number of explanations for this are put forward.
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Goldhausen, Marco, Carlos Viviano, Julio Abanto, Pedro Espinoza, and Ronald Loli. "Preceramic Settlements in the Quebrada Orcón-Pacaybamba, Middle Chancay Valley, Lima." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113586.
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In this paper we present the results of two campaigns of survey in the Quebrada Orcón-Pacaybamba in the middle Chancay Valley. We also discuss the preliminary data produced from our fieldwork in terms of the local economy and site distribution for each of the different Preceramic stages on the Central Coast and in the highlands of Perú. We conclude by interpreting the evolution of several economic strategies employed by different groups occupying the Central Coast of Perú until the formation of stratified societies of the Preceramic Period.En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de dos temporadas de reconocimiento sistemático en la quebrada Orcón-Pacaybamba, ubicada en el valle medio de Chancay. Los datos obtenidos se confrontan con la información conocida con respecto a la economía y distribución de sitios durante el Periodo Precerámico en la costa y sierra central del Perú. Finalmente, a manera de hipótesis, se exponen algunos planteamientos en relación con la evolución de las diversas estrategias económicas desarrolladas desde la llegada del hombre a la costa central del Perú hasta la formación de sociedades estratificadas al final de este periodo.
29
Johnson, Charles David. "Critical natural resources in the Mesa Verde region, A.D. 600-1300 distribution, use and influence on Puebloan settlement /." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2006/C%5FJohnson%5F042706.pdf.
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Hedman, Sven-Donald. "Boplatser och offerplatser : ekonomisk strategi och boplatsmönster bland skogssamer 700-1600 AD." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkeologi och samiska studier, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-56803.
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This thesis primarily discusses the development of late Iron Age Saami settlement patterns in greater Norrland's forest area, from the establishment of the Settlements through to historical times. The Settlements are chiefly characterised by hearths, but it is also important to study Saami sacrificial sites when trying to understand the significance of the settlement patterns. Central to the thesis is how the archaeological material can be applied to questions concerning the introduction of reindeer herding. During the early Viking period a significant change in the settlement pattern of greater Norrland's inland occurs. New niches start to be exploited, moving away from the earlier shore-bound model. The Settlements are relocated to areas with good reindeer grazing land, by small streams, bogs and small lakes. The principal features are concentrations of hearths, which arise in large numbers, most often in groups of three to ten. A number of the artefacts found at the settlement sites are also found at Saami sacrificial sites from between 800 to 1350 AD, suggesting that the hearths should be studied in the context of Saami culture. A wide range of artefacts have been discovered during excavation of the Settlements, which suggests extensive contacts, mainly to the east and the Ladoga area, but also with Norway to the west. The artefacts display a continuity from the Viking period into the 1700's, and the dating of the hearths show a similar chronological spread. The study area has supported a reindeer herding forest Saami society during historical times, the settlement pattern of which has close similarities to that found under the Viking period. This implies that the settlement pattern that emerged during the Viking period can probably be related to an emergent reindeer herding system. Reindeer herding was undertaken in combination with hunting and fishing - so called semi-nomadism. It is suggested that the forest land Saami society become so dependent on reindeer herding during the Viking period, that it controlled the settlement pattern.digitalisering@umu
31
Geyler, Stefan, André Grüttner, Anja Kübler, Martina Kuntze, Emanuel Selz, Christian Strauß, Barbara Warner, and Jörg Heilmann. "Flächenpolitische Ziele unter Schrumpfungsbedingungen in der Kernregion Mitteldeutschland." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-152493.
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Die derzeit in der Planungspraxis vorzufindende Ausweisung von Siedlungsflächen führt zu einer erheblichen Änderung der bisherigen Siedlungsstrukturen. Weiterhin tritt verstärkt das Problem des Bevölkerungsrückgangs und der Alterung auf. Sowohl im bundesdeutschen Durchschnitt, insbesondere aber in Ostdeutschland,
sinkt damit die Nutzungsdichte. Die höhere Inanspruchnahme von Flächen für Siedlungs- und Verkehrszwecke führt außerdem zu einem Verlust einer nicht erneuerbaren Gutes und verändert das Landschaftsbild. Sowohl im Wohn- als auch im gewerblichen Bereich werden die vorhandenen Potenziale zu wenig genutzt. Während innerstädtische Flächen brachfallen, erfolgt die Ausweisung neuer Baugebiete im Außenbereich. Mit einem nachhaltigen regionalen Flächenmanagement sollen der Flächenverbrauch reduziert und eine zukunftsfähige Raumstruktur entwickelt werden. Vor der Diskussion geeigneter Instrumente ist eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit den gegenwärtigen flächenpolitischen Zielen und deren Optimierung erforderlich. In diesem fünften Band der KoReMi-Schriftenreihe werden daher die flächenpolitischen Ziele unter Schrumpfungsbedingungen diskutiert. Dabei wird zunächst ein theoretischer flächenpolitischer Zielkatalog erarbeitet, der Handlungsziele und Maßnahmen enthält und eine Ableitung flächenpolitischer Strategien ermöglicht. Diesem Katalog werden die gegenwärtigen normativen Aussagen der Landes- und Regionalplanung in der Kernregion Mitteldeutschland gegenübergestellt. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse liefern eine wertvolle Grundlage für die Auseinandersetzung mit den gemeindlichen Entwicklungsperspektiven, die als Band 06 dieser Schriftenreihe veröffentlicht werden.
32
Harris, Deborah C. "Fremont Site Distribution in the Upper Escalante River Drainage." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2831.pdf.
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Hecht, Robert. "Automatische Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen: Ein Beitrag zur kleinräumigen Beschreibung der Siedlungsstruktur." Doctoral thesis, Leibniz-Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung e. V. (IÖR), 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28256.
Full textAbstract:
Für die Beantwortung verschiedener Fragestellungen im Siedlungsraum werden kleinräumige Informationen zur Siedlungsstruktur (funktional, morphologisch und sozio-ökonomisch) benötigt. Der Gebäudebestand spielt eine besondere Rolle, da dieser die physische Struktur prägt und sich durch dessen Nutzung Verteilungsmuster von Wohnungen, Arbeitsstätten und Infrastrukturen ergeben. In amtlichen Geodaten, Karten und Diensten des Liegenschaftskatasters und der Landesvermessung sind die Gebäude in ihrem Grundriss modelliert. Diese besitzen allerdings nur selten explizite semantische Informationen zum Gebäudetyp. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob und wie genau eine automatische Erkennung von Gebäudetypen unter Nutzung von Methoden der Geoinformatik, der Mustererkennung und des maschinellen Lernens möglich ist.
In diesem Buch werden methodische Bausteine zur automatischen Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen vorgestellt. Im Kern werden Fragen beantwortet zu den Datenanforderungen, der Gebäudetypologie, der Merkmalsgewinnung sowie zu geeigneten Klassifikationsverfahren und den Klassifikationsgenauigkeiten, die abhängig von Eingangsdaten, Siedlungstyp und Trainingsdatenmenge erzielt werden können. Der Random-Forest-Algorithmus zeigte die höchste Flexibilität, Generalisierungsfähigkeit und Effizienz und wurde als bestes Klassifikationsverfahren identifiziert.
Die Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Gewinnung kleinräumiger Informationen zur Siedlungsstruktur. Die entwickelte Methodik ermöglicht ein breites Anwendungsspektrum in der Wissenschaft, Planung, Politik und Wirtschaft (u. a. Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Infrastrukturplanung, Risikomanagement, Energiebedarfsplanung oder dem Geomarketing).:Vorwort .................................................................................................. I
Danksagung ......................................................................................... III
Kurzfassung und Thesen ....................................................................... V
Abstract and Theses ............................................................................. IX
Inhaltsverzeichnis ................................................................................ XV
1 Einleitung ............................................................................................ 1
2 Grundlagen zur Siedlungsstruktur .................................................... 11
3 Methodische Grundlagen der Mustererkennung .............................. 57
4 Forschungsstand .............................................................................. 95
5 Konzeptionelle Vorüberlegungen .................................................... 113
6 Mögliche Datenquellen zum Gebäudegrundriss .............................. 127
7 Entwicklung des Verfahrens ........................................................... 143
8 Ergebnisse und Diskussion ............................................................. 201
9 Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick .................................................... 259
Literatur ............................................................................................. 275
Abkürzungsverzeichnis ...................................................................... 311
Abbildungsverzeichnis ....................................................................... 320
Tabellenverzeichnis ........................................................................... 323
Anhang
A Datengrundlagen zur Siedlungsstruktur ......................................... 327
B Gebäudetypologie .......................................................................... 343
C Merkmale ........................................................................................ 349
D Entwicklung des Klassifikators ........................................................ 365
E Genauigkeitsuntersuchung ............................................................. 375
F Exemplarische Anwendung von BFClassTool ................................... 395Building data are highly relevant for the small-scale description of settlement structures. Spatial base data from National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies describe the buildings in terms of the geometry but often lack semantic information on the building type. Here, methods for the automatic classification of building footprints are presented and discussed. The work addresses issues of data integration, data processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and investigates the accuracy of various classification methods. The results are of scientific, planning, policy and business interest at various spatial levels.:Vorwort .................................................................................................. I Danksagung ......................................................................................... III Kurzfassung und Thesen ....................................................................... V Abstract and Theses ............................................................................. IX Inhaltsverzeichnis ................................................................................ XV 1 Einleitung ............................................................................................ 1 2 Grundlagen zur Siedlungsstruktur .................................................... 11 3 Methodische Grundlagen der Mustererkennung .............................. 57 4 Forschungsstand .............................................................................. 95 5 Konzeptionelle Vorüberlegungen .................................................... 113 6 Mögliche Datenquellen zum Gebäudegrundriss .............................. 127 7 Entwicklung des Verfahrens ........................................................... 143 8 Ergebnisse und Diskussion ............................................................. 201 9 Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick .................................................... 259 Literatur ............................................................................................. 275 Abkürzungsverzeichnis ...................................................................... 311 Abbildungsverzeichnis ....................................................................... 320 Tabellenverzeichnis ........................................................................... 323 Anhang A Datengrundlagen zur Siedlungsstruktur ......................................... 327 B Gebäudetypologie .......................................................................... 343 C Merkmale ........................................................................................ 349 D Entwicklung des Klassifikators ........................................................ 365 E Genauigkeitsuntersuchung ............................................................. 375 F Exemplarische Anwendung von BFClassTool ................................... 395
34
Belem, Fabiana Rodrigues. "Do seixo ao zoólito. A indústria lítica dos sambaquis do sul catarinense: aspectos formais, tecnológicos e funcionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-05062012-112145/.
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Os grandes sambaquis do litoral sul catarinense vêm sendo alvo de pesquisas sistemáticas há algumas décadas. No entanto, diversos sambaquis de pequeno porte, compostos por um único pacote enegrecido, rico em conchas e material orgânico vêm sendo mapeados nos últimos anos pelos membros do projeto temático Sambaquis e Paisagem. Estes pequenos sambaquis, quase sempre, não acompanham o processo formativo modelado para os grandes sambaquis da região (e.g. Jab II), mas guardam com eles uma relação estreita, devido à contemporaneidade e proximidade espacial que apresentam. Apesar da variabilidade que os sambaquis da região exibem, estruturas habitacionais não foram evidenciadas, nem tão pouco quaisquer outras que possam estar ligadas com as atividades cotidianas destes grupos. Ao apresentar como foco central deste estudo o caso do sambaqui Lagoa dos Bichos II, um sambaqui pequeno e não-funerário que inclui em sua composição um conjunto artefatual lítico bastante peculiar, procuramos contribuir para o entendimento da organização tecnológica sambaquieira e sua dinâmica de ocupação regional.The monumental sambaquis from the south coast of Santa Catarina have already a long tradition within the Brazilian archeology studies, being the target of systematic research for some decades now. However, several small sambaquis, composed of a single blackish layer, rich in shells and organic material have been mapped in recent years by members of the project Sambaquis e Paisagem (Sambaquis and Landscape). These small sambaquis, very often, do not follow the formative process modeled for the large shell mounds in the region (e.g. Jab II). However, these little ones keep a close relationship with the larger shell mounds due to the contemporary and spatial proximity that they present. Despite the variability presented by the shell mounds of the area, evidences of household structures were not found, nor other structures that could be linked with the daily activities of this groups. Thus, in presenting the case of the sambaqui Lagos dos Bichos II, a small and non-funerary mound, with a large amount of lithic artifacts along its surface and surroundings, and the focus of this work, we intend to contribute in the understanding of the moundbuilders\' technological organization and dynamics of regional occupation.
35
Manning, Cassandra R. "The Role of Salmon in Middle Snake River Human Economy: The Hetrick Site in Regional Contexts." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/203.
Full textAbstract:
On the Columbia Plateau, the origin of the Winter Village Pattern has long been a focus of research. Intensification of resources such as salmon, roots, and local aquatic resources is often cited as the cause of declining mobility. To address this question in the middle Snake River region, I have re-analyzed fish remains from the Hetrick site (10WN469; Weiser, ID), with occupations spanning the Holocene. Expectations from foraging theory and paleoclimate data are used to address whether salmon and other fish use changed over time and if such changes are correlated with the development of the Winter Village Pattern. The results of my research indicate that there is no correlation between the timing of increased salmonid use at the Hetrick site and paleoclimatic change or the earliest evidence for the Winter Village Pattern. Further, these results are very similar to patterns of fish use seen at other sites on the Snake River, particularly those from the Early and Middle Holocene.
36
René, Matthieu. "La géographie historique de la basse-vallée du Strymon, de la colonisation archaïque au début de l'Antiquité Tardive (milieu du VIIe s. av-J.-C.-début du IVe s. ap.J.-C.)." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE1164.
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Ce travail porte sur une région correspondant au bassin de Serrès dont on suit les limites naturelles ; le relief lui conférant une forte cohérence géographique. La délimitation chronologique tient compte des dynamiques historiques et humaines locales. Jusqu’au milieu du IVe s. av. J.-C., la région, peuplée initialement de Thraces , a reçu des apports grecs liés au mouvement de colonisation archaïque, puis à connu les impérialismes perse et athénien. Elle a alors constitué un espace morcelé par les intérêts conflictuels des différentes populations. S’ensuit une période plus unitaire, de 357 av. J.-C. à la fin de la séquence, puisque la région est d’abord incorporée au royaume de Macédoine avant d’être ensuite intégrée à l’Empire romain. L’objectif originel de la géographie historique était la localisation de toponymes. Le premier enjeu est donc d’établir un bilan de la connaissance relative à chacune de ces occupations à l’échelle locale et de tenir compte des apports récents des observations archéologiques. Cependant, l’espace antique n’est plus observé uniquement à l’échelle du site. L’archéologie du territoire et la recherche sur les paléo-environnements ont invité à une lecture scalaire plus large. Envisagés à l’échelle régionale, les sites constituent un réseau. Cela conduit non plus seulement à se demander où sont les toponymes mais aussi comment ils s’articulent, pour comprendre jusqu’à quel point elles ont pu former un ensemble régional homogène ou non, de déterminer les logiques naturelles et humaines à l’oeuvre, et de pointer les étapes qui ont jalonné cette constructionThis work concerns a region corresponding to the basin of Serres. We follow the natural limits ; the topography giving a strong geographical coherence. The chronology takes into account local historic and human dynamics. Until 357 BC, the region, populated initially of Thracians, received Greek contributions associated with the movement of archaic colonization, then is affected by the Persian and Athenian imperialisms. The basin of Serres is at that time a space split by the conflicting interests of the various populations.After 357 BC, a more unitarian period begins, because the region is incorporated at first in the Macedonian Kingdom before being integrated in Roman Empire. The first goal of historical geography was the localization of place names. The first issue, therefore, is to take stock of the knowledge of each of these settlements at the local level and to take into account recent reports of archaeological observations. However, the ancient space is no longer observed only at the site level. Landscape studies and research on palaeo-environments have invited a wider scale reading. Envisaged at regional level, the sites constitute a network. This also leads us to wonder not only where the names are but how they are articulated, in order to identify the way in which these sites have interacted, to understand if they have formed a homogeneous regional whole or not, to determine the natural and human logics at work, and to point out the stages that have marked this construction
37
Mercurin, Romuald. "Les Alpes-Maritimes à l'âge du bronze et au début de l'âge du fer : bilan documentaire critique, mobilier céramique et métallique, dynamiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0437.
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L’objet de cette étude est avant tout de dresser un bilan documentaire critique des données archéologiques concernant l’âge du Bronze et le début de l’âge du Fer (v. 2100-600 av. J.-C.) dans l’extrême Sud-Est de la France. À l’aune du renouvellement des recherches sur ces périodes en Provence, la révision du mobilier céramique et métallique permet de proposer des ébauches de typochronologies, lesquelles constituent, avec quelques mesures radiométriques, le socle à partir duquel peut être réalisé l'ordonnancement chronologique des 184 sites retenus. Les nombreuses incertitudes liées à la nature de la documentation, de même que la résolution chronologique encore faible pour la période et l'espace considérés, n’autorisent cependant qu’un traitement statistique limité des données.Les résultats obtenus offrent néanmoins la possibilité d’établir un cadre chronologique actualisé et d’aborder la question des dynamiques qui caractérisent la Protohistoire ancienne dans cet espace situé à la charnière des cultures italiques et provençales, qu’il s’agisse des questions de peuplement, de l’identification des voies de communication, des bases sur lesquelles reposait l’économie ou de la nature et de l’évolution des pratiques funéraires et des aspects symboliques. Les tendances dégagées combinées à la prise en compte des composantes culturelles des mobiliers permettent au total de proposer un scénario d’évolution chrono-culturelle et d’identifier une entité « liguro-provençale » relayant, à des degrés divers et selon des directions différentes en fonction des périodes, les influences provenant tout à la fois de France méditerranéenne, d’Italie et de l’aire nord-alpine occidentaleThe purpose of this study is first and foremost to draught a critical documentary record of the archaeological data relating to the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age (c. 2100-600 BC) in the extreme South-East of France. In the light of the recent renewal of research on the Bronze Age in Provence, the revision of ceramic and metal wares makes it possible to propose drafts of typochronologies which, with some radiometric measurements, form the base from which the chronology of the 184 sites selected can be realized. The numerous uncertainties related to the nature of the documentation, as well as the still low chronological resolution for the period and the space considered, permit only a limited statistical processing of the data.The results obtained nevertheless offer the possibility to establish an updated chronological framework and to address the question of the dynamics that characterize the ancient Protohistory in this space located at the hinge of the Italian and Provencal cultures, be it the organization and the evolution of settlement patterns, the identification of possible channels of communication, the bases on which the economy was founded, or the nature and evolution of funeral practices and symbolic aspects. Ultimately, the resulting trends combined with the cultural components of the ceramic and metal wares allow to propose a scenario of chrono-cultural evolution and to identify a "Liguro-Provençal" entity relaying, to different degrees and in different directions depending on the period, influences from both Mediterranean France, Italy and north-western Alpine area
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Duering, Andreas. "From individuals to settlement patterns." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f412230f-bbe3-4d07-99b5-ad553bd8b245.
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This thesis describes and contextualises the Population & Cemetery Simulator (PCS), which represents agent-based demographic modelling software that can be used to model living populations based on archaeological and historical data as well as their cemeteries. The data used by the PCS are demographic in nature, e.g. age and sex data generated by osteoarchaeologists from excavated cemeteries or historical demographic data. This thesis seeks to provide a methodological foundation for modelling the demographics of archaeological populations. It focusses on case studies using data from early medieval Anglo-Saxon (South England) and Alamannic (South Germany) cemeteries, although excursions into neighbouring periods and regions are included as validation studies. The case studies show how the PCS can be used in archaeological research and the software is presented as a solution to various problems caused by the difference between the living population and the 'dead' cemetery data in archaeology.
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Lecoq, Patrice. "Datos preliminares sobre el Periodo Formativo en el sur de Potosí, Bolivia." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113433.
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The Formative Period in Southern Potosí, Bolivia: A Preliminary ReportIn the southern Andes, the period dated from 1600 A.C. to 400 A.D. is usually known as the Formative Period. It is characterized by the apparition of the first agro-pastoral or agro-fisherman communities and the first form of religious and political organization. In the southern part of the Bolivian territory, a series of surface surveys help us to localize new settlements which belong to this period. Most of them are small villages which show the remains of structures such as mud houses or stone terraces. This paper illustrates what could have been the nature of the occupation of this vast area during the Formative Period, emphasizing the settlement pattern and ceramic artifacts. It also tries to present some of the main axes which connected this area to the other countries nearby.En los Andes del sur, a la etapa comprendida entre aproximadamente 1600 a.C. a 400 d.C. se le conoce como Periodo Formativo. Se caracteriza por la aparición de las primeras comunidades agroalfareras, agroganaderas o de subsistencia basada en la pesca así como en el florecimiento de las primeras formas de organización religiosa y política. Las regiones meridionales de Potosí, en el sur de Bolivia, presentan varios sitios que corresponden a esta época que recientemente han sido estudiados. En su mayoría se trata de pequeñas aldeas que muestran aún los restos de sus estructuras (viviendas de barro o piedra y terrazas de cultivo). En este ensayo se presentan las características de la ocupación de esta época en Potosí, haciendo énfasis en el patrón de asentamiento y la alfarería. Estos datos permiten plantear algunas hipótesis sobre las relaciones que pudieron tener con áreas vecinas.
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Hecht, Robert, Hendrik Herold, and Gotthard Meinel. "Analyse und Visualisierung der Siedlungsentwicklung mit SEMENTA®-CHANGE." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-151662.
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In diesem Beitrag werden Methoden der gebäudebasierten Erfassung der Siedlungsstruktur, deren Veränderung und Visualisierung vorgestellt. Die Analyse der Siedlungsentwicklung mit SEMENTA®-CHANGE basiert auf der automatisierten Auswertung topographischer Kartenwerke verschiedenster Zeitstände im Maßstab 1:25 000. Der Verfahrensansatz leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag für die Planung, da er für große Flächen eine Verortung der Gebäude-, Siedlungsflächen- und Siedlungsstrukturentwicklung der vergangenen Jahrzehnte erlaubt und sich daraus auch wertvolle Aussagen über die Wirksamkeit von raumplanerischen Instrumenten (z. B. Verhältnis der Innen- zur Außenentwicklung) ableiten lassen. Beispielhaft werden an ausgewählten Projektergebnissen das Anwendungspotenzial sowie die Grenzen des Verfahrens diskutiert.
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Winthrop, Kathryn R. "Prehistoric settlement patterns in southwest Oregon." Thesis, View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 1993. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/030904f1.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1993.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 256-275). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search First Nations/Tribal Collection.
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Marcone, Giancarlo, and Enrique López-Hurtado. "Panquilma y Cieneguilla en la discusión arqueológica del Horizonte Tardío de la costa central." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113638.
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Panquilma and Cieneguilla in the Archaeological Discussion of the Late Horizon in the Central CoastIn the context of the initial works at the archaeological site of Panquilma, the authors offer new data for the site together with a brief review of previous work in the Cieneguilla area, where the site is located. This review discusses the geography, the settlement pattern and the ethnohistory of this area with some preliminary concluding remarks.Aprovechando los trabajos arqueológicos iniciales realizados en el sitio de Panquilma, los autores aportan algunos datos nuevos sobre el sitio y analizan los datos ya existentes para el área de Cieneguilla, lugar donde se encuentra este sitio. Esta rápida revisión intenta abarcar la geografía, el patrón de asentamiento y las fuentes etnohistóricas conocidas, así como ensayar algunas conclusiones preliminares.
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McCarley, Billy J. "An Archaeological Survey at Oak Level Mound: Investigating Settlement Patterns and Intrasite Use During the Middle Mississippian Period (A.D. 1150-1350)." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/anthro_theses/72.
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This study is about a Middle Mississippian (A.D. 1150-1350) burial mound site known as Oak Level Mound. Located in the back swamps of Bryan County, Georgia 2.4 km south of the Ogeechee River, the site is situated amongst Live Oak hammocks and Palmettoes. The earthen architecture and material remains found at Oak Level Mound during the fall of 2012 and winter 2013 tell a tale of ancient people whose subsistence included oysters, snail, and nuts. Their daily practices are expressed in burial mounds and utilitarian and/or status goods, such as plain, cord-marked, and complicated-stamped pottery. This study, then, seeks to understand those daily practices taking place at Oak Level Mound between A.D. 1150 and A.D 1350, both locally and regionally.
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Herrera, Alexander. "The Golden Serpent and the Inkas: Inka Occupation in the Upper Marañón and the Ferry Port of Pogtán." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113566.
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The materialisation of Inka state identity in the lower Yanamayo Valley is discussed in opposition to that of the local collective identity, referred to here as Marañón, on the basis of the archaeological settlement pattern of the lower Yanamayo Valley. The distribution of Inka and Marañón architecture —productive, administrative and mortuary— in fluvial Yunga settings generally, and around the ferry port at Pogtán in particular, suggests different strategies to claim rights of access and use over the Yunga oasis, and over the crossing of the Marañón river.Inka architecture is found along the Qapaq Naani, as well as on a secondary Inka road, described here for the first time. The "Yanamayo Yunga Naani" links central Conchucos (departamento de Ancash) with Huacrachuco and the Cordillera Oriental (departamento de Huánuco). The Late Intermediate Period/Late Horizon Marañón architecture, is regarded conceptualized as the result of a regional historical trajectory, which was impacted upon by the Inka expansion.El reflejo material de la identidad del Estado inka en el bajo río Yanamayo se discute en contraposición a aquel de la identidad local, para este caso denominada Marañón, sobre la base de patrones de asentamiento arqueológicos en el bajo río Yanamayo. La distribución de la arquitectura productiva, administrativa y mortuoria tanto inka como marañón en la Yunga fluvial y, especialmente, en las inmediaciones del puerto balsero de Pogtán, indican estrategias diferentes para reclamar derechos de propiedad y de usufructo sobre los oasis de Yunga interandina, así como sobre el cruce del río Marañón.La arquitectura inka se distribuye a lo largo del Qapaq Naani, así como en un ramal secundario, descrito aquí por primera vez. El "Yanamayo Yunga Naani" vincula la zona de Conchucos central (departamento de Ancash) con Huacrachuco y la Cordillera Oriental (departamento de Huánuco). Se plantea que la distribución tanto de la arquitectura marañón del Periodo Intermedio Tardío y del Horizonte Tardío es el resultado de una larga trayectoria de desarrollo histórico regional, que recibió el impacto de la expansión inka.
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Weidmann, Nils Benedikt. "Critical configurations : settlement patterns and ethnic violence /." Zürich : ETH, 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18257.
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Hecht, Robert. "Automatische Erkennung von Gebäudetypen auf Grundlage von Geobasisdaten." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-158993.
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Für die kleinräumige Modellierung und Analyse von Prozessen im Siedlungsraum spielen gebäudebasierte Informationen eine zentrale Rolle. In amtlichen Geodaten, Karten und Diensten des Liegenschaftskatasters und der Landesvermessung werden die Gebäude in ihrem Grundriss modelliert. Semantische Informationen zur Gebäudefunktion, der Wohnform oder dem Baualter sind in den Geobasisdaten nur selten gegeben.
In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zur automatischen Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen vorgestellt mit dem Ziel, diese für die Ableitung kleinräumiger Informationen zur Siedlungsstruktur zu nutzen. Dabei kommen Methoden der Mustererkennung und des maschinellen Lernens zum Einsatz. Im Kern werden Gebäudetypologie, Eingangsdaten, Merkmalsgewinnung sowie verschiedene Klassifikationsverfahren hinsichtlich ihrer Genauigkeit und Generalisierungsfähigkeit untersucht. Der Ensemble-basierte Random-Forest-Algorithmus zeigt im Vergleich zu 15 weiteren Lernverfahren die höchste Generalisierungsfähigkeit und Effizienz und wurde als bester Klassifikator zur Lösung der Aufgabenstellung identifiziert.
Für Gebäudegrundrisse im Vektormodell, speziell den Gebäuden aus der ALK, dem ALKIS® oder dem ATKIS® Basis-DLM sowie den amtlichen Hausumringen und 3D-Gebäudemodellen, kann mit dem Klassifikator für alle städtischen Gebiete eine Klassifikationsgenauigkeit zwischen 90 % und 95 % erreicht werden. Die Genauigkeit bei Nutzung von Gebäudegrundrissen extrahiert aus digitalen topographischen Rasterkarten ist mit 76 % bis 88 % deutlich geringer.
Die automatische Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Gewinnung von Informationen für die kleinräumige Beschreibung der Siedlungsstruktur. Neben der Relevanz in den Forschungs- und Anwendungsfeldern der Stadtgeographie und Stadtplanung sind die Ergebnisse auch für die kartographischen Arbeitsfelder der Kartengeneralisierung, der automatisierten Kartenerstellung sowie verschiedenen Arbeitsfeldern der Geovisualisierung relevant.
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Verbka, Joseph M. "Archaic settlement patterns of the Upper Wabash Drainage." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917011.
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The Upper Wabash Drainage over the last few years has become an area which has provided archaeologists with vital data concerning prehistoric settlement patterns. One time period which has not been well represented is the Archaic Period. Many questions have been unanswered about Archaic settlement patterns within the region. This study examines data from archaeological survey and presents a model for both Early and Late Archaic settlement within the Upper Wabash drainage. The information generated by this analysis will provide a better understanding of the Archaic period within this region. The study will also prove to be useful as a reference for future research as well as an important mechanism for resource management.Department of Anthropology
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Cottle, Rebecca K. "Cemetery Siting in the Bluestone Reservation Area, Summers County, West Virginia: 1750-1997." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36837.
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This thesis examines the effects of transportation network changes, settlement pattern changes, population density and terrain characteristics upon cemetery siting. Due to the practically inviolate legal status of cemeteries, they provide a window to the past. Geographic Information Systems technology was used to analyze geophysical attributes of the cemetery sites. As transportation modes changed and improved, the distances from decedent's residences to burial sites increased. Also, cemetery upkeep is somewhat related to ease of accessibility, but other factors enter into this relationship. Personal interviews suggest that family"ties to the land" have an effect upon cemetery utilization and maintenance in rural southern West Virginia. Early cemeteries were sited in river and creek bottoms. More recently sited cemeteries are located at higher elevations.Master of Science
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Lundberg, Åsa. "Vinterbyar : ett bandsamhälles territorier i Norrlands inland, 4500-2500 f. Kr." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkeologi och samiska studier, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-67020.
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The main archaeological features studied in this thesis are semi-subterranean house remains in the woodlands of middle northern Sweden, east of the high mountains and some 100 km from the coast. The period during which they were occupied has been delimited to 4500-2500 BC. The house remains consist of circular or sometimes rectangular depressions in the ground, surrounded by mounds of refuse and large amounts of fire-cracked stone. Eighty house remains of this kind have been discovered so far and 20 features have been excavated. They are found at 29 different localities that cover an area of more than 60,000 km2. The question put forward is whether these house remains show patterning in site location, economy and material culture, suggesting that they belonged to one people sharing a similar language and values. The majority of the locations include more than one house and because of the dug-out-floors and the large amounts of fire-cracked stone they are interpreted as winter villages. The distributions of the villages show a settlement pattern in which the locales are separated by a mean distance of approximately 35 km. In one of the regions, Vilhelmina parish, summer camps have been located by smaller lakes where the waterways from 3 different winter villages connect. Other possible summer camp sites are suggested, based on their location in areas where waterways connect two or three winter villages. The winter sites were associated with local bands, according to the social structure of hunting societies in North America, suggested by June Helm. Several local bands form a regional band that camp together during certain periods of the year. All regional bands form the tribe or the language family. No traces of social differences between groups or families have been revealed in the material and it is therefore assumed that the remains of the houses represent a hunting/gathering band society. Among the artifacts in the houses is a predominance of small scrapers of quartz and quartzite. There is also a very high representation of elk (moose) in the bone material from the house remains. Prehistoric and later pit-falls as well as paintings and carvings of elk are distributed within the same area. This shows that elk were a very important prey and this has been emphasized when discussing the explanations of the uniformity in house type and artefacts. Finally the importance of the slate tools, in particular those of red slate, is briefly discussed. The manufacture of slate tools increase during the neolithic period. In the inland of middle Norrland artifacts of red slate dominate over the grey and black slate artifacts in most of the houses and on many other sites. The raw material is, in most cases, found close to the high mountains, but the red slate is otherwise rare compared to the black and grey, which suggests that it has been highly valued. The knowledge of, and access to, red slate is suggested as having symbolized the unity of this band society.digitalisering@umu
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Meinel, Gotthard, and Ulrich Schumacher. "Konzept, Funktionalität und erste exemplarische Ergebnisse des Monitors der Siedlungs- und Freiraumentwicklung (IÖR-Monitor)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-151646.
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Die amtliche Flächenstatistik in Deutschland erweist sich aus verschiedenen Gründen als ergänzungsbedürftig. Die Auswertung von topographischen Geobasisdaten kann hier einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Qualifizierung der jetzigen flächenstatistischen Berichtssysteme leisten. Daraus resultiert die Motivation für den Aufbau eines Monitors der Siedlungs- und Freiraumentwicklung (IÖR-Monitor).
Der Beitrag stellt nach Darstellung der Ziele, Grundlagen und Funktionen dieses Monitors erste exemplarische Ergebnisse einer Flächennutzungsanalyse Deutschlands auf Grundlage der genauesten topographischen Geobasisdaten (ATKIS Basis-DLM) vor. Dazu wurden die Siedlungs- und Verkehrsstruktur zu den Zeitschnitten 2006 und 2008 erfasst und in Form von Indikatoren auf Landes-, Kreis- und Gemeindeebene ausgewertet. Die zugrunde liegenden bundesweiten Flächennutzungsinformationen ermöglichen prinzipiell auch Indikatorberechnungen für nichtadministrative Bezugseinheiten wie Überschwemmungs- und Flusseinzugsgebiete oder quadratische Rasterzellen unterschiedlicher Größe. Die Vorteile der Nutzung topographischer Geobasisdaten für die
Analyse der Flächennutzung und ihrer Entwicklung werden gegenüber der katasterorientierten Sicht der amtlichen Flächenstatistik herausgestellt.
Ein Schwerpunkt des Beitrages liegt auf indikatorbasierten Siedlungs- und Verkehrsflächenanalysen. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht die Einbeziehung von Bevölkerungszahlen die Ermittlung von Dichte- bzw. Ausstattungsindikatoren (ausgewählte Flächennutzungsarten pro Einwohner). Straßen- und Schienennetzdichten können sowohl in Bezug auf die Gebietsfläche als auch nur den Siedlungsraum ausgewertet werden. Durch die georäumliche Verortung neuer Bauflächen wird zukünftig erstmals auch die Bestimmung der Relation städtebaulicher Innen- zur Außenentwicklung möglich.
Wegen des aufwändigen Fortführungsprozesses topographischer Geobasisdaten nach Kartenblattschnitten und der damit verbundenen Laufendhaltungszyklen ergeben sich teilweise größere Zeitintervalle für deren Grundaktualität. Deshalb wird beim IÖR-Monitor für jeden Indikator eine mittlere Aktualität zu jeder Gebietseinheit berechnet und in Karten- bzw. Tabellenform angezeigt. In den letzten Jahren gibt es deutliche Verbesserungen der Grundaktualität des ATKIS Basis-DLM in Deutschland, die auch aus diesem Grund die Nutzung dieser Daten für ein Monitoring der Flächennutzung nahelegen.