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Weatherford, T. R., P. T. McDonald, A. B. Campbell, and J. B. Langworthy. "SEU rate prediction and measurement of GaAs SRAMs onboard the CRRES satellite." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 40, no. 6 (1993): 1463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.273517.
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Akay, Mehmet Fatih, Ozge Bozkurt, Ebru Cetin, and Imdat Yarim. "Multiple linear regression-based physical fitness prediction models for Turkish secondary school students." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 5, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v5i4.3704.
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Physical fitness is a necessary component for daily activities. Measurement of physical activity is essential for determining physical fitness rate. This study aims to develop new prediction models for predicting the physical fitness of Turkish secondary school students by using multiple linear regression (MLR). The datasets comprise data of various number of subjects according to the target variables including the test scores of the 30m speed, 20m stage run, balance and hand-grip (right/left). The predictor variables used to develop the prediction models are gender, age, body mass index (BMI), body fat, number of curl-up and push-ups in 30 seconds. Eight physical fitness prediction models for each target have been created with the predictor variables listed above. The performance of the prediction models has been calculated by using standard error of estimate (SEE). The results show that MLR-based prediction models can be safely used to predict the physical fitness of Turkish secondary school students.Keywords: Physical fitness, multiple linear regression, machine learning, validation.
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Boudreau, Dominique, Fabiano Santos, Andre Robidoux, and Jean-Francois Boileau. "Early breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Defining the optimal timing and response rate using clinical tumor measurement." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2015): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.121.
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121 Background: Breast cancer pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is associated with better survival in some tumor subtypes. There is interest in identifying methods to increase early prediction of pCR during NAT. A simple and inexpensive technique such as early clinical breast examination has been shown to correlate with pCR during NAT in some studies. However, the optimal timing of the measurement and the best tumor response (TR) rate to predict pCR still need to be defined. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients prospectively enrolled in the following NSABP trials in one academic center (Montreal, Canada): B-40, B-41, FB-AX-003, FB-4, FB-5 and FB-6. Patients with T4 disease or disease progression were excluded. Clinical tumor measurements were recorded before each cycle of NAT. TR was measured as the percentage decrease in the largest tumor diameter. ROC curves for TR measurements at each time point were generated, comparing areas under the curve using the DeLong method. P-value ² 0.05 was considered significant. Results: We analyzed data of 155 patients recruited from Aug. 2005 to May 2011. Results are presented in Table 1. The best time point to predict pCR was after cycle 2. At this time point, a TR of 46% was the best cutoff value to predict for pCR. Among hormone receptor positive (HR+) and HER-2 positive (HER-2+) breast cancer patients, a TR of 47% after cycle 2 was significantly predictive for pCR. These findings were similar using a 50% TR cutoff after 2 cycles. Conclusions: Observing a 50% reduction in largest tumour diameter on clinical breast examination after cycle 2 of NAT is predictive for pCR in HR+ and HER-2+ breast cancer patients. We recommend using this definition of clinical response in future trials evaluating novel methods to improve early prediction of pCR during NAT. [Table: see text]
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Chapuis, Robert P. "Quantitative measurement of the scour resistance of natural solid clays." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 2 (May 1, 1986): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-023.
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The erosion of clayey soils is a complex phenomenon that includes various types of erosive actions. A tentative classification of erosion processes is proposed. This paper concentrates on the scour resistance of solid clays. Available prediction methods are reviewed. Generally they propose relationships between physical or mechanical parameters and the critical hydraulic shear stress, [Formula: see text]c, that defines a boundary between "no erosion" and "erosion". It became apparent that the physicochemical parameters of both the clay and the eroding water control the erosion process. However, subsequent studies on these parameters have yet to yield reliable predictions of natural clay erodibility from indirect measurements. An erosion testing program was therefore performed on three Quebec clays with the improved rotating cylinder technique. In this test, intact or remolded samples can be tested, physicochemical parameters can be controlled, and the hydraulic shear stress [Formula: see text] and the erosion rate ė can be adequately determined. A relatively complete and accurate graph of ė versus [Formula: see text], including ė values for [Formula: see text] values lower than critical can be established. Previous and present research underline the need to exert a strict control of all clay and water parameters, including that of sample preparation, in order to adequately simulate a field problem. Key words: erosion, clay, scour resistance, physicochemical properties, rotating cylinder test.
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Fomin, Petr, and Christian Kargel. "Performance Evaluation of a Time-Gated Fluorescence Spectroscopy Measurement System for the Classification and Recycling of Plastics." Applied Spectroscopy 73, no. 6 (June 2019): 610–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702819831278.
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Plastics have many unrivaled properties and are thus indispensable materials with an ever-increasing production. Since the plastics recycling rates are still small, the plastic waste that ends up on landfills, in the environment including oceans, and incineration plants also steadily grows. Large-scale automated sorting of waste plastics may help solve the problem. However, most state-of-the-art approaches are limited to a (very) small number of plastic types that can be simultaneously sorted and have severe difficulties with black plastics. The labeling of plastics with fluorescent tracers (“markers”) during their production has the potential to enable the fast and highly reliable classification and automated sorting of many different plastic types simultaneously. Unfortunately, the unique marker fluorescence (“optical fingerprint”) might be obscured by the autofluorescence (AF) often emitted by plastics. Recently, we have shown that time-gated fluorescence spectroscopy (TGFS) can be successfully applied to eliminate the influences from AF. In this study, we present the prototype of a TGFS measurement system for the classification and sorting of plastics and evaluate its performance in a typical industrial situation. With 150 000 investigated plastics flakes from 10 different plastic types that were labeled with binary combinations of six fluorescent markers, an overall plastics recovery rate (mean true positive rate [Formula: see text]) of 99.76%, and a plastics purity (positive predictive value [Formula: see text]) of 99.88% were achieved. Additional simulations that were carried out based upon the experiments allow a prediction of the performance as a function of the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio such that various system parameters can be adapted to the particular situation.
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Symmans, W., F. Peintinger, C. Hatzis, H. Kuerer, V. Valero, B. Hennessy, M. Green, E. Singletary, G. Hortobagyi, and L. Pusztai. "A new measurement of residual cancer burden to predict survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.536.
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536 Background: The strength of association between tumor response and survival is critical for neoadjuvant chemotherapy trials. Pathologic complete response (pCR) reliably predicts survival benefit, but residual disease contains a range of pathologic responses that likely contain different prognostic groups, including near complete response and resistance. Methods: Pathologic slides and reports were reviewed from 432 patients in two completed neoadjuvant trials: 1) fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC) in 189 patients, and 2) paclitaxel followed by FAC (T/FAC) in 243 patients. Paclitaxel was administered as twelve weekly (n=126) or four 3-weekly cycles (n=117). Residual cancer burden (RCB) was calculated as an index that combines pathologic measurements of primary tumor (size and cellularity) and nodal metastases (number and size). We compared four RCB categories, from RCB-0 (pCR) to RCB-3 (chemoresistant), and post-treatment revised AJCC Stage (0-III) for prediction of distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) in multivariate Cox regression analyses (stratified by ER status). Results: The pCR rate was greater after T/FAC than FAC (24% vs. 16%, LR p<0.05), and after weekly (vs. 3-weekly) paclitaxel in T/FAC (30% vs. 16%, LR p<0.01). In patients with residual disease, RCB measurements were significantly lower after T/FAC than FAC (t-test, p<0.0001), but were not different between paclitaxel schedules in T/FAC. RCB was a continuous predictor of DRFS after T/FAC (HR=1.86, 95%CI 1.51–2.30) or FAC (HR=1.67, CI 1.38–2.01) with median follow-up 5 and 8 years, respectively. The resistant category RCB-3 predicted relapse more strongly than AJCC Stage III and identified a larger group of high-risk patients ( Table ). Conclusions: RCB is a new continuous measure of pathologic response that is defined from routine pathologic materials, represents the distribution of residual disease, is a significant predictor of DRFS, and defines chemotherapy resistance more effectively than revised AJCC Stage. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Dercle, Laurent, Susan Michelle Geyer, Andrew B. Nixon, Federico Innocenti, Qian Shi, Sawyer B. Jacobson, Lyndon Luk, et al. "Radiomic signatures to predict survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib +/- doxorubicin: Correlative science from CALGB 80802 (Alliance)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2021): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.343.
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343 Background: Alliance/CALGB 80802, a randomized phase III trial, evaluated sorafenib plus doxorubicin vs. doxorubicin in pts with HCC and showed no improvement in median overall survival (OS) (HR[95CI] 1.05[0.83-1.31]) or PFS (HR[95CI] 0.93[0.75-1.16]). In HCC surrogacy of tumor response with OS remains controversial, in part due to varying criteria used for response evaluation (e.g., RECIST1.1 and mRECIST). We evaluated the performance of several models to predict OS using pretreatment clinical and radiomic variables. Methods: In CALBG 80802, we segmented all measurable tumor lesions on sequential CT scans. A lesion’s imaging phenotype was deciphered with 23 uncorrelated quantitative imaging features measured at baseline and week (wk) 10 (first follow-up). An OS landmark survival analysis was conducted at wk 10. Patients were randomly assigned (3:1) to training (n = 92) and validation (n = 37) sets. In a training set, 6 random forest predictive models (6 signatures) used features that best predicted OS using 3 sets of variables: radiomics only (n = 23), clinical only (n = 9), radiomics and clinical (n = 32). Two time points (baseline only or baseline + wk 10) were assessed. Each signature's output was an individualized prediction and a continuous value ranging from 0 to 1 (from most to least favorable predicted OS). The primary endpoint was to compare these models' performance to predict OS using error rate (Harrell's concordance-index) in the validation set. Results: Of the 6 training signatures evaluated, the one achieving the highest performance in the validation set was an 8-feature signature combining radiomics and clinical variables measured at two time points (baseline + wk 10) with an error rate of 35.6%. The variables [rank of importance] (table) selected by the signature included baseline clinical features (albumin[1], AFP[2], Child-Pugh[4]), baseline radiomics features (component 17[3], component 1[5], component 9[7], tumor volume[8]) and wk 10 radiomics features (delta tumor volume[6]). Variable delta tumor volume [6] used a more enhanced estimation of tumor burden at baseline and a delta tumor volumetric measurement; compared to RECIST1.1 measurement of percentage change in unidimensional measurement of a subset of target lesions. The four quartiles of the signature were significantly associated with OS (Log-Rank, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The selected combined radiomic and clinical composite signature provided the best prediction for OS in the 80802 study patients’ population. It is a suggested way forward to go beyond single anatomic measurement techniques such as RECIST or mRECIST. [Table: see text]
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Renouf, Deane, and Rosemary Gales. "Seasonal variation in the metabolic rate of harp seals: unexpected energetic economy in the cold ocean." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-216.
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The metabolic rate of nine harp seals was measured chronically over a 12-month period using indirect calorimetry. The extent to which the seals' oxygen consumption was predicted by the allometric equation relating basal metabolic rate to body mass depended upon how the former was operationally defined and on the breeding status, sex, and age of the animal. There were large seasonal changes in the oxygen consumption of adult males and reproductive females when metabolic rate was defined as the lowest hourly mean [Formula: see text] in, typically, 23 h of measurement. From April until August, the males' metabolic rate averaged as much as 83% higher than the allometric prediction from body mass, but for the rest of the year their oxygen consumption was not different from the expected value for mammals. Pregnant and pseudopregnant females showed a brief spring elevation in metabolic rate, but otherwise their oxygen consumption was well below that predicted by allometry. In one female who spontaneously aborted some 7 months after insemination, [Formula: see text] increased to the value for mammals shortly thereafter, to a level resembling that of the only female who was not pregnant and who showed no seasonal variation in oxygen consumption. The immature seals' records are highly variable, showing no clear intra-annual pattern; however, their metabolic rates were lower than expected for young mammals. All seasonal shifts were in the opposite direction to the large changes in body mass exhibited by these seals. The effect of these findings in reducing the calculated impact of harp seals on the North West Atlantic fishery is discussed.
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Jadhav, Ranjit S., and Qin Chen. "FIELD INVESTIGATION OF WAVE DISSIPATION OVER SALT MARSH VEGETATION DURING TROPICAL CYCLONE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.41.
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Wave data were measured along a 28 m transect using 3 pressure transducers over a 2-day period during a tropical storm. The tropical storm force winds produced waves up to 0.4 m high (zero-moment) that propagated over vegetation of Spartina alterniflora submerged under a surge of over 1 m above the marsh floor. Measured wave heights, energy losses between gages and spectral energy dissipation models of rigid vegetation were utilized to estimate wave height decay rates, integral and frequency-dependent bulk drag coefficients, and frequency distribution of energy dissipation induced by the vegetation. Measurements showed that incident waves attenuated exponentially over the vegetation. The exponential wave height decay rate decreased as Reynolds number increased. The swell was observed to decay at a slower rate than the wind sea regardless of the wave height. The linear spatial wave height reduction rate increased from 1.5% to 4% /m as incident wave height decreased. The bulk drag coefficient estimated from the field measurement decreased with increasing Reynolds and Keulegan-Carpenter numbers. The energy dissipation varied across the frequency scales with the largest magnitude observed near the spectral peaks, above which the dissipation gradually decreased. The wave energy dissipation did not linearly follow the incident energy, and the degree of non-linearity varied with the frequency. For a given spectrum, the frequency-distributed drag coefficient increased gradually up to the peak frequency and remained approximately at a stable value at the higher frequencies. This spectral variation was parameterized by introducing a frequency-dependent velocity attenuation parameter inside the canopy. The spectral drag coefficient is shown to predict the distribution of energy dissipation with more accuracy than the integral coefficients, which results in a more accurate prediction of the mean wave period and spectral width of a wave field with vegetation.
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Petersen, E. L., and J. H. Adams. "Comparison of SEU rate prediction techniques." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 39, no. 6 (1992): 1836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.211374.
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Alam, Mohammad Masum, Md Mozammel Hoque, Shamim Momtaz Ferdousi Begum, and Naila Atik Khan. "Estimated GFR (eGFR) by prediction equation in staging of chronic kidney disease compared to gamma camera GFR." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 8, no. 1 (July 26, 2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v8i1.28920.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Glomerular filtration rate is an effective tool for diagnosis and staging of chronic kidney disease. The effect ofrenal insufficiency by different method of this tool among patients with CKD is controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of eGFR in staging of CKD compared to gamma camera based GFR.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) with the collaboration with National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, BSMMU during the period of January 2011 to December 2012. Gama camera based GFR was estimated from DTP A reno gram and eGFR was estimated by three prediction equations. Comparison was done by Bland Altman agreement test to see the agreement on the measurement of GFR between three equation based eGFR method and gama camera based GFR method. Staging comparison was done by Kappa analysis to see the agreement between the stages identified by those different methods.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Bland-Altman agreement analysis between GFR measured by gamma camera, CG equation ,CG equation corrected by BSA and MDRD equation shows statistically significant. CKD stages determined by CG GFR, CG GFR corrected by BSA , MDRD GFR and gamma camera based GFR was compared by Kappa statistical analysis .The kappa value was 0.66, 0.77 and 0.79 respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study findings suggest that GFR estimation by MDRD equation in CKD patients shows good agreement with gamma camera based GFR and for staging of CKD patients, eGFR by MDRD formula may be used as very effective tool in Bangladeshi population.</p>
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Civan, Faruk, and Maurice L. Rasmussen. "Determination of Gas Diffusion and Interface-Mass Transfer Coefficients for Quiescent Reservoir Liquids." SPE Journal 11, no. 01 (March 1, 2006): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/84072-pa.
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Summary A physically and mathematically rigorous transient-state equilibrium diffusion model is applied for simultaneous determination of the gas-diffusion and interface-mass-transfer coefficients from pressure de-cline by dissolution of gas in quiescent liquids involving petroleum reservoirs. The short- and long-time analytical solutions of this model are reformulated to enable direct determination of the best-estimate values of these parameters by regression of experimental data. Typical experimental data are then analyzed by means of the present improved methods, and the values obtained are compared with the re-ported values. The present methodology is proven practical and yields unique and accurate parameter values. Introduction Gas-diffusivity and interface-mass-transfer coefficients are important parameters determining the rate of dissolution of the injection gases in oil during secondary recovery, and the rate of dissolution and separation of light gases in reservoir oil and brine, water tables associated with depleted-reservoir gas storage, drilling mud, and completion fluids (Hill and Lacey 1934; O'Bryan et al. 1988; O'Bryan and Bourgoyne 1990; Bodwadkar and Chenevert 1997; Bradley et al. 2002; Liu and Civan 2005). In order to develop proper gas-injection strategies, accurate values of these parameters are required for reservoir simulation and prediction of oil recovery by miscible flooding and the optimization of miscibility for best recovery. Laboratory measurement of gas diffusivity in quiescent liquids is usually accomplished through the measurement of the pressure of gas in contact with certain liquids, such as oil, brine, drilling mud, and completion fluids in a closed PVT cell (see Fig. 1) during gas dissolution in the liquid phase. The accuracies of the available models, including those by Riazi (1996), Sachs (1997, 1998), and Zhang et al. (2000), are limited by the inherent simplifying assumptions involved in the analytic treatment and the subsequent interpretation of such experimental data. As judged by the reported studies, there appears to be no consensus among the available analytical approaches used for diffusivity measurement. In addition, the previous studies focused mostly on the determination of gas diffusivity and did not account for interface-mass-transfer effects. The methodology offered by Civan and Rasmussen (2001, 2002, 2003), and further elaborated in the present paper, allows for both interface mass-transfer effects and for bulk diffusivity. It is a novel and practical approach that determines parameters describing both effects from a given set of pressure-decline data. The best estimate of the coefficient of diffusion of gas species (solute) in a given liquid medium (solvent) is usually inferred indirectly by matching the prediction of a suitable mathematical model involving the species transfer by diffusion to experimental data under prescribed conditions. For this purpose, Sachs (1998) resorts to the numerical solution of the nonlinear model equations incorporating the dependency of the diffusion coefficient on concentration without clearly describing the boundary conditions used in the solution.
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Chai, Min-Lun, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Chih-Hung Lin, Jin-Cyuan Tsai, Jhen-You Chin, and Ratna Nur Inten. "Investigations on Predictions and Characteristics of Flow Field in the Pipelines of Chillers for Measured Locations of Ultrasonic Flowmeters by CFD Approach." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 29, no. 02 (April 21, 2021): 2150014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132521500140.
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The flow velocity profiles in most of the central air-conditioning pipelines are, in general, not fully developed flow and difficult to obtain the accurate flow rates by flowmeters, which are used for measuring average velocity. Especially for being at the outlet of an elbow, the accuracy of flow rate by measurement is quite low. Therefore, there are some limitations for measurements of flow rate and velocity profile by the present flow measuring technologies. The objective of this study was to establish an approach on accurate predictions of velocity profiles at different measured locations of central air-conditioning pipelines for nonuniform flow measurements by simulations of computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). All the velocity profiles will integrate as a database for predictions by neural network algorithm for smart measurement further. In the present work initially, international experiments were employed to validate the accuracy of CFD approach. The calculations were carried out by different turbulence models. The results compared with the experimental data by Realizable [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] turbulence model with less computing resources have great agreements. Realizable [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] turbulence model was, therefore, determined for the predictions of central air-conditioning pipeline. According to various pipings and pipe sizes, the results for three cases show that the velocity profiles in the pipelines would not be symmetrical and has strong secondary flow. Therefore, all of the flow profiles would be integrated and analyzed as a database and assist to get accurately the measured locations of ultrasonic flowmeters. Further, this database will be combined with algorithm of artificial neural network for smart predictions.
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Koga, R., W. A. Kolasinski, M. T. Marra, and W. A. Hanna. "Techniques of Microprocessor Testing and SEU-Rate Prediction." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 32, no. 6 (1985): 4219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1985.4334098.
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Lee, Dong Hoon, NaNa Keum, Frank B. Hu, E. John Orav, Eric B. Rimm, Qi Sun, Walter C. Willett, and Edward L. Giovannucci. "Development and validation of anthropometric prediction equations for lean body mass, fat mass and percent fat in adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2006." British Journal of Nutrition 118, no. 10 (November 7, 2017): 858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517002665.
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AbstractQuantification of lean body mass and fat mass can provide important insight into epidemiological research. However, there is no consensus on generalisable anthropometric prediction equations to validly estimate body composition. We aimed to develop and validate practical anthropometric prediction equations for lean body mass, fat mass and percent fat in adults (men, n 7531; women, n 6534) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2006. Using a prediction sample, we predicted each of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured lean body mass, fat mass and percent fat based on different combinations of anthropometric measures. The proposed equations were validated using a validation sample and obesity-related biomarkers. The practical equation including age, race, height, weight and waist circumference had high predictive ability for lean body mass (men: R2=0·91, standard error of estimate (SEE)=2·6 kg; women: R2=0·85, SEE=2·4 kg) and fat mass (men: R2=0·90, SEE=2·6 kg; women: R2=0·93, SEE=2·4 kg). Waist circumference was a strong predictor in men only. Addition of other circumference and skinfold measures slightly improved the prediction model. For percent fat, R2 were generally lower but the trend in variation explained was similar. Our validation tests showed robust and consistent results with no evidence of substantial bias. Additional validation using biomarkers demonstrated comparable abilities to predict obesity-related biomarkers between direct DXA measurements and predicted scores. Moreover, predicted fat mass and percent fat had significantly stronger associations with obesity-related biomarkers than BMI did. Our findings suggest the potential application of the proposed equations in various epidemiological settings.
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Ratomaharo, Julia, Olinto Linares Perdomo, Dave S. Collingridge, Rabezanahary Andriamihaja, Matthew Hegewald, Robert L. Jensen, John Hankinson, and Alan H. Morris. "Spirometric reference values for Malagasy adults aged 18–73 years." European Respiratory Journal 45, no. 4 (November 13, 2014): 1046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00114914.
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The American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) recommend that spirometry prediction equations be derived from samples of similar race/ethnicity. Malagasy prediction equations do not exist. The objectives of this study were to establish prediction equations for healthy Malagasy adults, and then compare Malagasy measurements with published prediction equations.We enrolled 2491 healthy Malagasy subjects aged 18–73 years (1428 males) from June 2006 to April 2008. The subjects attempted to meet the ATS/ERS 2005 guidelines when performing forced expiratory spirograms. We compared Malagasy measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC with predictions from the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC), the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and the ERS Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 study.A linear model for the entire population, using age and height as independent variables, best predicted all spirometry parameters for sea level and highland subjects. FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were most accurately predicted by NHANES III African-American male and female, and by GLI 2012 black male and black and South East Asian female equations. ECSC-predicted FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were poorly matched to Malagasy measurements.We provide the first spirometry reference equations for a healthy adult Malagasy population, and the first comparison of Malagasy population measurements with ECSC, NHANES III and GLI 2012 prediction equations.
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McCabe, Bryan A., Éanna P. McKeon, Rasa J. Virbukiene, Patrick J. Mannion, and Aidan M. O’Connell. "Pyritiferous mudstone–siltstone: expansion rate measurement and prediction." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 48, no. 1 (February 2015): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2013-067.
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de Waal, Johannes A., and Mathijs W. Schouten. "Regulating Subsidence and its uncertainty in the Dutch Wadden Sea." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 382 (April 22, 2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-63-2020.
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Abstract. At the start of gas production its effects on land subsidence are not certain. There are uncertainties in mechanisms, models and parameters. Examples are non-linear deformation of reservoir rock, fault transmissibility, behaviour of overlaying salt and aquifer activity. Looking back at historical cases in the Netherlands, a factor two or three difference between initial prediction and final outcome is quite common. As the Dutch regulator, SSM is tasked with assuring proper management by operators of the risks associated with land subsidence from natural gas production in The Netherlands. Large initial uncertainties can only be tolerated if operators can demonstrate that timely actions can still be taken when predefined subsidence limits are at risk of being exceeded now or in the future. The applied regulatory approach is illustrated by the case history of gas production induced subsidence in the Dutch Wadden Sea area. This environmentally highly sensitive UNESCO World Heritage Site is a natural gas province. Extensive legal, technical and organisational frameworks are in place to prevent damage to its natural values. Initial uncertainties in the predicted subsidence (rate) were later exacerbated by the detection of strong non-linear effects in the observed subsidence behaviour, leading to new concerns. It was realised that – depending on the underlying physical cause(s) – there will be a different impact on future subsidence. To assure proper management of the additional uncertainty by the operator, several improvements in the regulatory approach have been implemented. Possible underlying mechanisms had to be studied in depth and improved data analysis techniques were requested to narrow down uncertainties as time progresses. The approach involves intensified field monitoring, scenario's covering the full range of uncertainties and a particle filter approach to handle uncertainties in predictions and measurements. Spatial-temporal double differences, production data and the full covariance matrix are used to confront scenario predictions against measurements and to assess their relative probability. The regulator is actively involved in assuring this integrated control loop of predictions, monitoring, updating, mitigation measures and the closing of knowledge gaps. The regulator involvement is supported in the Mining law and by appropriate conditions in the production plan assent. With the approach it can be confidently assured that subsidence (rate) will remain within the allowed range.
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Stock, Sarah J., Margaret Horne, Merel Bruijn, Helen White, Robert Heggie, Lisa Wotherspoon, Kathleen Boyd, et al. "A prognostic model, including quantitative fetal fibronectin, to predict preterm labour: the QUIDS meta-analysis and prospective cohort study." Health Technology Assessment 25, no. 52 (September 2021): 1–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta25520.
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Background The diagnosis of preterm labour is challenging. False-positive diagnoses are common and result in unnecessary, potentially harmful treatments (e.g. tocolytics, antenatal corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate) and costly hospital admissions. Measurement of fetal fibronectin in vaginal fluid is a biochemical test that can indicate impending preterm birth. Objectives To develop an externally validated prognostic model using quantitative fetal fibronectin concentration, in combination with clinical risk factors, for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth and to assess its cost-effectiveness. Design The study comprised (1) a qualitative study to establish the decisional needs of pregnant women and their caregivers, (2) an individual participant data meta-analysis of existing studies to develop a prognostic model for spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days in women with symptoms of preterm labour based on quantitative fetal fibronectin and clinical risk factors, (3) external validation of the prognostic model in a prospective cohort study across 26 UK centres, (4) a model-based economic evaluation comparing the prognostic model with qualitative fetal fibronectin, and quantitative fetal fibronectin with cervical length measurement, in terms of cost per QALY gained and (5) a qualitative assessment of the acceptability of quantitative fetal fibronectin. Data sources/setting The model was developed using data from five European prospective cohort studies of quantitative fetal fibronectin. The UK prospective cohort study was carried out across 26 UK centres. Participants Pregnant women at 22+0–34+6 weeks’ gestation with signs and symptoms of preterm labour. Health technology being assessed Quantitative fetal fibronectin. Main outcome measures Spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days. Results The individual participant data meta-analysis included 1783 women and 139 events of spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days (event rate 7.8%). The prognostic model that was developed included quantitative fetal fibronectin, smoking, ethnicity, nulliparity and multiple pregnancy. The model was externally validated in a cohort of 2837 women, with 83 events of spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days (event rate 2.93%), an area under the curve of 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.84 to 0.93), a calibration slope of 1.22 and a Nagelkerke R 2 of 0.34. The economic analysis found that the prognostic model was cost-effective compared with using qualitative fetal fibronectin at a threshold for hospital admission and treatment of ≥ 2% risk of preterm birth within 7 days. Limitations The outcome proportion (spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days of test) was 2.9% in the validation study. This is in line with other studies, but having slightly fewer than 100 events is a limitation in model validation. Conclusions A prognostic model that included quantitative fetal fibronectin and clinical risk factors showed excellent performance in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days of test, was cost-effective and can be used to inform a decision support tool to help guide management decisions for women with threatened preterm labour. Future work The prognostic model will be embedded in electronic maternity records and a mobile telephone application, enabling ongoing data collection for further refinement and validation of the model. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42015027590 and Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41598423. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 52. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Yin, Jian, Xinying Liu, Yanlong Miao, Yang Gao, Ruicheng Qiu, Man Zhang, Han Li, and Minzan Li. "Measurement and prediction of tomato canopy apparent photosynthetic rate." International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 12, no. 5 (2019): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4982.
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Simon, Karen M., Thomas S. James, Donald L. Forbes, Alice M. Telka, Arthur S. Dyke, and Joseph A. Henton. "A relative sea-level history for Arviat, Nunavut, and implications for Laurentide Ice Sheet thickness west of Hudson Bay." Quaternary Research 82, no. 1 (July 2014): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.04.002.
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AbstractThirty-six new and previously published radiocarbon dates constrain the relative sea-level history of Arviat on the west coast of Hudson Bay. As a result of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) following deglaciation, sea level fell rapidly from a high-stand of nearly 170 m elevation just after 8000 cal yr BP to 60 m elevation by the mid Holocene (~ 5200 cal yr BP). The rate of sea-level fall decreased in the mid and late Holocene, with sea level falling 30 m since 3000 cal yr BP. Several late Holocene sea-level measurements are interpreted to originate from the upper end of the tidal range and place tight constraints on sea level. A preliminary measurement of present-day vertical land motion obtained by repeat Global Positioning System (GPS) occupations indicates ongoing crustal uplift at Arviat of 9.3 ± 1.5 mm/yr, in close agreement with the crustal uplift rate inferred from the inferred sea-level curve. Predictions of numerical GIA models indicate that the new sea-level curve is best fit by a Laurentide Ice Sheet reconstruction with a last glacial maximum peak thickness of ~ 3.4 km. This is a 30–35% thickness reduction of the ICE-5G ice-sheet history west of Hudson Bay.
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BASHIRY, V., M. BAYAR, and K. AZIZI. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON B →K*ℓ+ ℓ- AND $B \to K_0^\ast (1430) \ell^+ \ell^-$ DECAYS IN THE SUPERSYMMETRIC MODELS." Modern Physics Letters A 26, no. 12 (April 20, 2011): 901–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732311035353.
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In this paper, we compare the branching ratio and rate difference of electron channel to muon channel of [Formula: see text] and B →K*ℓ+ℓ- decays, where [Formula: see text] is the p-wave scalar meson, in the supersymmetric models. MSSM with R parity is considered since considerable deviation from the standard model predictions can be obtained in B→Xs ℓ-ℓ+. Taking CQ1 and CQ2 about one which is consistent with the B→K*μ+μ- rate at low dileptonic invariant mass region (1 ≤ q2 ≤ 6 GeV 2). It is found that, firstly, the [Formula: see text] decay is measurable at LHC, secondly, in comparison with B →K*ℓ+ ℓ- decay a greater deviation in the [Formula: see text] decay can be seen. Measurement of these observables for the semileptonic rare [Formula: see text], in particular, at low q2 region can give valuable information about the nature of interactions within Standard Model or beyond.
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Bhambhani, Yagesh, Stephen Norris, and Gordon Bell. "Prediction of Stroke Volume From Oxygen Pulse Measurements in Untrained and Trained Men." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 19, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h94-003.
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This study examined the relationship of oxygen pulse (O2 pulse) to stroke volume (SV) and arterio-venous oxygen difference [[Formula: see text] diff] during submaximal cycle exercise in untrained (UG) and trained (TG) males. Fourteen volunteers in each group completed an incremental [Formula: see text] max test and a submaximal test at 60% [Formula: see text] max to determine cardiac output (Q) via CO2 rebreathing. [Formula: see text], Q, and heart rate (HR) were used to calculate SV and [Formula: see text] diff. There were no significant differences (p >.05) between the two groups for O2 pulse, SV, and [Formula: see text] diff during submaximal exercise. Stroke volume index (SVI) was significantly higher (p <.05) in the TG. O2 pulse was significantly related to SV and SVI (p <.05) but not to [Formula: see text] diff in both groups. Regression equations for predicting SV from O2 pulse for UG and TG were Y = 6.81X + 26.7, SE = 21.4, r = 0.84, and Y = 10.33X - 32.3, SE = 14.2, r = 0.71, respectively. These results suggest that O2 pulse can be used to predict SV during submaximal cycle exercise in untrained and trained men. Key words: cardiac performance, exercise, training status
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POČANIĆ, DINKO. "A REVIEW OF RARE PION AND MUON DECAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2005): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05021646.
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After a decade of no measurements of pion and muon rare decays, PIBETA, a new experimental program is producing its first results. We report on a new experimental study of the pion beta decay, π+→π0e+ν, the πe2γ radiative decay, π+→e+νγ, and muon radiative decay, [Formula: see text]. The new results represent four- to six-fold improvements in precision over the previous measurements. Excellent agreement with Standard Model predictions is observed in all channels except for one kinematic region of the πe2γ radiative decay involving energetic photons and lower-energy positrons.
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Vial, C., J. M. Palau, J. Gasiot, M. C. Calvet, and S. Fourtine. "A new approach for the prediction of the neutron-induced SEU rate." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 45, no. 6 (1998): 2915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.736547.
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Fried, Linda, Judith Bernardini, and Beth Piraino. "Comparison of the Charlson Comorbidity Index and the Davies Score as a Predictor of Outcomes in PD Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 23, no. 6 (November 2003): 568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080302300609.
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Background Comorbidity is a strong predictor and confounds many studies of outcomes. Previous studies have shown that the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the Davies score predict mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, there are few data on the comparison of comorbidity scores. Objective To compare the CCI (combines comorbidity and age) and Davies score (comorbidity score without age) to see if one score was superior to the other in predicting outcomes. Design Prospective database study. Setting Seven dialysis centers in Western Pennsylvania. Participants 415 incident PD patients, starting PD from 1/1/90 to 2/1/00. Measurements The CCI and Davies score calculated at the start of PD; serum albumin levels and demographics at the start of PD; total hospitalizations and mortality, collected prospectively. Results The correlation between CCI and Davies was 0.80, p < 0.0001. The CCI was inversely correlated with serum albumin (–0.31, p < 0.0001). Davies was significantly correlated with age (0.32, p < 0.0001) and inversely correlated with albumin (–0.27, p < 0.0001). The CCI alone was a stronger predictor than Davies alone (score by best subsets regression 49.6 vs 42.0, p = 0.0058). The CCI and Davies with age appeared to be equivalent models of survival (49.61 vs 49.64). The best predictive models were CCI and initial albumin, or Davies, age, and initial albumin. Both CCI and Davies were predictors of hospitalization rates, but the model with the Davies score was better (Akaike information criterion 799.2 vs 850.2). The best predictive model was Davies, albumin, age, and race. Conclusions Both comorbidity scores were significant predictors of outcomes, with CCI the stronger predictor for mortality, but the Davies was a stronger predictor of hospitalizations. One or both should be done at the start of dialysis to predict outcome.
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Jefferson, M. F., N. Pendleton, S. Mohamed, E. Kirkman, R. A. Little, S. B. Lucas, and M. A. Horan. "Prediction of hemorrhagic blood loss with a genetic algorithm neural network." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.1.357.
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Jefferson, M. F., N. Pendleton, S. Mohamed, E. Kirkman, R. A. Little, S. B. Lucas, and M. A. Horan. Prediction of hemorrhagic blood loss with a genetic algorithm neural network. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 357–361, 1998.—There is no established method for accurately predicting how much blood loss has occurred during hemorrhage. In the present study, we examine whether a genetic algorithm neural network (GANN) can predict volume of hemorrhage in an experimental model in rats and we compare its accuracy to stepwise linear regression (SLR). Serial measurements of heart period; diastolic, systolic, and mean blood pressures; hemoglobin; pH; arterial[Formula: see text]; arterial[Formula: see text]; bicarbonate; base deficit; and blood loss as percent of total estimated blood volume were made in 33 male Wistar rats during a stepwise hemorrhage. The GANN and SLR used a randomly assigned training set to predict actual volume of hemorrhage in a test set. Diastolic blood pressure, arterial[Formula: see text], and base deficit were selected by the GANN as the optimal predictors set. Root mean square error in prediction of estimated blood volume by GANN was significantly lower than by SLR (2.63%, SD 1.44, and 4.22%, SD 3.48, respectively; P < 0.001). A GANN can predict highly accurately and significantly better than SLR volume of hemorrhage without knowledge of prehemorrhage status, rate of blood loss, or trend in physiological variables.
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Molokanova, N. "Latest results on rare kaon decays from the NA48/2 experiment @CERN." International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, no. 36 (December 30, 2020): 2044019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x20440194.
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The NA48/2 experiment at CERN reports the first observation of the [Formula: see text] decay from an exposure of [Formula: see text] charged kaon decays recorded in 2003–2004. A sample of 4919 candidates with 4.9% background contamination allows the determination of the branching ratio in the full kinematic region. The study of the kinematic space shows evidence for a structure-dependent contribution in agreement with predictions based on chiral perturbation theory. Several [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-violating asymmetries are also evaluated. The most precise measurement of the charged kaon semi-leptonic form factors obtained by NA48/2 with 4.4 million [Formula: see text] and 2.3 million [Formula: see text] events collected in 2004 will also be presented.
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HARNEW, NEVILLE. "THE PHYSICS PROSPECTS AND STATUS OF THE LHCb EXPERIMENT." International Journal of Modern Physics A 23, no. 21 (August 20, 2008): 3329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x08042067.
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This paper summarises the B-physics prospects of the LHCb experiment. The focus is on the uniqueness of LHCb over and above the B-factories and the Tevatron experiments: the measurement of the unitarity angle γ using a number of complementary methods, the measurement of the [Formula: see text] mixing phase φs in tree and penguin decay modes, and the expected observation of the rare decay mode [Formula: see text] below Standard Model predictions.
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Hendrix, MLE, JAP Bons, A. van Haren, SMJ van Kuijk, WPTM van Doorn, DM Kimenai, O. Bekers, MEA Spaanderman, and S. Al-Nasiry. "Role of sFlt-1 and PlGF in the screening of small-for-gestational age neonates during pregnancy: A systematic review." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, no. 1 (November 23, 2019): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563219882042.
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Background Fetal growth restriction, i.e. the restriction of genetically predetermined growth potential due to placental dysfunction, is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The consequences of inadequate fetal growth can be life-long, but the risks can be reduced substantially if the condition is identified prenatally. Currently, screening strategies are based on ultrasound detection of a small-for-gestational age fetus and do not take into account the underlying vascular pathology in the placenta. Measurement of maternal circulating angiogenic biomarkers placental growth factor, sFlt-1 (soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1) are increasingly used in studies on fetal growth restriction as they reflect the pathophysiological process in the placenta. However, interpretation of the role of angiogenic biomarkers in prediction of fetal growth restriction is hampered by the varying design, population, timing, assay technique and cut-off values used in these studies. Methods We conducted a systematic-review in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE (Ovid) and Cochrane to explore the predictive performance of maternal concentrations of placental growth factor, sFlt-1 and their ratio for fetal growth restriction and small-for-gestational age, at different gestational ages, and describe the longitudinal changes in biomarker concentrations and optimal discriminatory cut-off values. Results We included 26 studies with 2514 cases with small-for-gestational age, 27 cases of fetal growth restriction, 582 cases mixed small-for-gestational age/fetal growth restriction and 29,374 reference. The largest mean differences for the two biomarkers and their ratio were found after 26 weeks of gestational age and not in the first trimester. The ROC-AUC varied between 0.60 and 0.89 with sensitivity and specificity matching the different cut-off values or a preset false-positive rate of 10%. Conclusions Most of the studies did not make a distinction between small-for-gestational age and fetal growth restriction, and therefore the small-for-gestational age group consists of fetuses with growth restriction and fetuses that are constitutionally normal. The biomarkers can be a valuable screening tool for small-for-gestational age pregnancies, but unfortunately, there is not yet a clear cut-off value to use for screening. More research is needed to see if these biomarkers are sufficiently able to differentiate growth restriction on their own and how these biomarkers in combination with other relevant clinical and ultrasound parameters can be used in clinical routine diagnostics.
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Moller, J. P., K. C. Owen, and D. H. Swart. "COASTAL ENGINEERING STUDIES FOR INSHORE MINING OF DIAMONDS AT ORANJEMUND." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 20 (January 29, 1986): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.103.
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This paper describes a diamond mining operation on the west coast of Africa in Namibia (South West Africa, see Figures 1a and 1b), where a sea-wall of normal beach sand has been built out to a distance of more than 300 m seawards of the original coastline. The wall which runs alongshore is maintained in the high energy environment, which is characterized by northbound longshore transport rates, by means of artificial suppletion at a rate of up to and more than 300 000 m / month. Before embarking on the project the company had to be assured of the sand on the sand-wall; to allow completion of the project free of severe damage by wave action. This implied being able to predict the erosion rate of the sea-wall by the waves. The data set used consisted of wave measurements by Waverider and wave observations obtained from voluntary observing ships; aerial photographs at monthly intervals of the waterline in the study area; and soundings of the beach, sea-wall and nearshore topography by using a helicopter as a platform. Various methods of prediction and projection were used to quantify sediment movement.
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Chan, Calvin, Justin Mistovich, John Urwin, Christopher Gajewski, Peter Fabricant, John Lawrence, and Daniel Weltsch. "Novel MRI Measurements of Extensor Mechanism Containment Can Predict Recurrent Patellar Instability." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 7_suppl6 (July 1, 2020): 2325967120S0034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00343.
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Objectives: Identifying risk factors for recurrent patellar dislocation (PD) following the first dislocation may help guide treatment. Tools for assessing the relationship of the extensor mechanism can distinguish dislocators from regular patients, but their usefulness in predicting the risk of re-dislocation has not been assessed. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of several novel MRI measures of patellar containment with recurrence in patients presenting with a first-time PD. Methods: An IRB approved query was conducted at a tertiary care children’s hospital (2005-2014) for patients (aged 8-19 years) diagnosed with a first-time PD. Patients were classified as either non-recurrent or recurrent-dislocators based on the review of the medical record. Next, MRI measurements were made by two independent raters. Interobserver reliability was assessed for all measurements via an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Only measurements with ICC > 0.8 were included for further analysis. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate variables associated with recurrence. Results: One hundred sixty-five patients were identified with a median follow up the length of 12.2 months. Median patients age was 14 years, and 57.6% were females. A second instability event or significant subluxation episode was documented in 98 (59.4%) patients. MRI measurements with excellent correlation (ICC>0.8) were Tibial tuberosity to trochlear groove distance (TT-TG), Tangential axial width of the patella (TAWP), Tangential axial trochlear width (TATW), Axial width of patellar tendon beyond lateral trochlear ridge (PT-LTR), and Lateral trochlear ridge to tibial tuberosity distance (LTR-TT). In univariate analysis, all mentioned MRI measurements had significant differences when comparing the group of RD to those that did not have a recurrent instability event. However, following both backward and forward stepwise regression analysis, LTR-TT was the only independent predictor of RD (p=0.003 in both). Patients with an LTR-TT value greater than -1 had a significantly higher rate of recurrent dislocation (72%) with Odds Ratio 2.4 (95% C.I. 1.2-4.7); p=0.011). Conclusion: Assessment of the relationship of the lateral trochlear ridge to the tibial tubercle had greater predictive value for recurrent instability than the relationship of the tibial tubercle to the trochlear groove. Patients with a tibial tubercle even with or outside of the lateral trochlear ridge have a significantly increased risk of re-dislocation compared with patients with a tibial tubercle inside the lateral trochlear ridge. This novel measurement (LTR-TT) can help predict recurrent patellar instability and may thus aid surgeons and patients when deciding on a treatment strategy. [Table: see text]
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Bulstrode, C. J. K., A. W. Goode, and P. J. Scott. "Measurement and Prediction of Progress in Delayed Wound Healing." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 80, no. 4 (April 1987): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688708000406.
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Thirty chronic leg ulcers have been studied under controlled conditions until complete healing occurred. Measurement was performed weekly using a computer-linked stereocamera which is capable of measuring skin defects noninvasively with errors of less than 2%. There was a significant difference in healing rate for the first two weeks between clean ulcers entering the trial directly and ulcers admitted first for cleansing before joining the trial. The difference suggests that the weekly healing rate of an ulcer may take up to 2 weeks to respond to a new form of treatment. Absolute ulcer size, change in ulcer size and rate of epithelial migration did not correlate well with time to complete healing, but percentage change in area in the third week was found to be the parameter which gave the earliest close correlation with time to complete healing. Using this parameter, on the data available it was found that time to complete healing could be predicted to within one week for 50% of the ulcers, making this a simple and useful early predictor of treatment efficiency.
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McFarland, K. S. "sin2θW FROM NEUTRINO SCATTERING AT NUTEV." International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, no. 22 (September 10, 2003): 3841–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0301721x.
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The NuTeV collaboration has performed precision measurements of the ratio of neutral current to charged current cross-sections in high rate, high energy neutrino and anti-neutrino beams on a dense, primarily steel, target. The separate neutrino and anti-neutrino beams, high statistics, and improved control of other experimental systematics, allow the determination of electroweak parameters with significantly greater precision than past νN scattering experiments. Our null hypothesis test of the standard model prediction measures [Formula: see text], a value which is 3.0σ above the prediction. We discuss possible explanations for and implications of this discrepancy.
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POČANIĆ, D., E. MUNYANGABE, M. BYCHKOV, L. P. ALONZI, V. A. BARANOV, W. BERTL, Yu M. BYSTRITSKY, et al. "NEW RESULTS IN RARE ALLOWED MUON AND PION DECAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 35 (January 2014): 1460437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514604372.
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Simple dynamics, few available decay channels, and highly controlled radiative and loop corrections, make pion and muon decays a sensitive means of exploring details of the underlying symmetries. We review the current status of the rare decays: π+ → e+ν (πe2), π+ → e+νγ (πe2γ), π+ → π0e+ν (πe3), and [Formula: see text]. For the latter we report new preliminary values for the branching ratio B(Eγ > 10 MeV , θeγ > 30°) = 4.365 (9) stat (42) syst × 10-3, and the decay parameter [Formula: see text], both in excellent agreement with standard model predictions. We review recent measurements, particularly by the PIBETA and PEN experiments, and near-term prospects for improvement. These and other similar precise low energy studies complement modern collider results materially.
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Silva, Marciali Gonçalves Fonseca, Michele Lima Gregório, and Moacir Fernandes de Godoy. "Does heart rate variability improve prediction of failed extubation in preterm infants?" Journal of Perinatal Medicine 47, no. 2 (February 25, 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2017-0375.
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Abstract Background Prematurity and its respective comorbidities may result in longer periods of mechanical ventilation in intensive care units (ICU). A method for the assessment of organic maturity would be useful for this population. Heart rate variability (HRV), as an indicator of homeostasis, is a well-established tool for this approach. The objective of the study was to assess HRV in intubated preterm infants in ICU immediately prior to extubation and correlate HRV with clinical evaluation outcomes. Methods A total of 46 preterm infants, 13 (28.2%) males, were prospectively studied and divided into a group with failed extubation (FEG: n=11) and a group with successful extubation (SEG: n=35). HRV was evaluated in time, frequency and nonlinear domains with a Polar RS800 device. HRV measurements were assessed with Kubios HRV Premium Software and statistically analyzed with the StatsDirect Statistical Software, version 1.9.2015 (2002). P<0.05 values were considered as statistically significant. Results There were no significant differences between heart rate variables of failed and successful extubation when analyzing the total group. However, the analysis of the sub-group of preterm infants weighing less than 1000 g showed a clear differentiation between the groups, when the nonlinear variables (approximate entropy, sample entropy and multiscale entropy 1, 2 and 3) were used, demonstrating that the group with successful extubation shows greater complexity and, therefore, relatively greater autonomic stability. Conclusion HRV was effective in predicting failed extubation in preterm infants when evaluated in a nonlinear domain and in preterm infants weighing less than 1000 g.
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Deng, Jiamei, Bastian Maass, Richard Stobart, Edward Winward, and Zhijia Yang. "Accurate and Continuous Fuel Flow Rate Measurement Prediction for Real Time Application." SAE International Journal of Engines 4, no. 1 (April 12, 2011): 1724–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1303.
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Bolger, BS, RP Symonds, PD Stanton, AB MacLean, R. Burnett, P. Kelly, and TG Cooke. "Prediction of radiotherapy response of cervical carcinoma through measurement of proliferation rate." British Journal of Cancer 74, no. 8 (October 1996): 1223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1996.520.
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Hughes, Kenneth G., Pat J. Langhorne, and Michael J. M. Williams. "Estimates of the refreezing rate in an ice-shelf borehole." Journal of Glaciology 59, no. 217 (2013): 938–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013jog12j117.
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AbstractThe refreezing rate of a borehole drilled through a 252 m thick region of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, is determined using oceanographic measurements over two periods of a day. We first use a method based on the conservation of salt in the supercooled salt water of the borehole. This is compared to a model using a numerical solution of the heat equation to find the temperature distribution in the host ice, allowing ice growth to be calculated from the balance of heat fluxes at the ice/water interface. This second method broadly confirms the refreezing rates deduced from salinity measurements, giving confidence in the generalization of this simple heat-flux model to predict refreezing rates of other boreholes. Predictions from both are subject to uncertainty due to the poorly defined value of the solid fraction of ice that freezes in a supercooled volume of sea water. This is taken to be 0.5 ± 0.1 throughout this study. The predicted rates are also strongly dependent on the initial and boundary conditions chosen, but results show the initial diameter of 600 mm decreases at a rate of ∼3–5 mm h−1 in an ice shelf with a minimum temperature of −22°C.
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Papamichos, Euripides, and Eva M. Malmanger. "A Sand-Erosion Model for Volumetric Sand Predictions in a North Sea Reservoir." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 4, no. 01 (February 1, 2001): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/69841-pa.
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Summary Volumetric sand-production data from a North Sea reservoir are interpreted with respect to the applied drawdown. Two sand rates are identified: the initial sand rate related to the increase of drawdown, and the final sand rate related to the magnitude of drawdown. A sand-erosion model is also presented and used for predicting the field data, and the results compare reasonably with the field measurements. Introduction Sand production has become a most effective way to increase well productivity. The industry reports increases in the sand-free rate up to 44% after sand production. At the same time, downhole sand control is the most common formation damage in the North Sea sandstone reservoirs. Much attention has thus been focused on how to operate wells that produce sand from time to time and how to produce loose sand under controlled conditions. This paper addresses these problems through analysis of field data on volumetric sand production and predictions with a sand-erosion model. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated by estimating the character of sand production in terms of the produced sand in a North Sea reservoir as a function of time and drawdown. Currently a volumetric sand model1 has been developed for heavy-oil reservoirs and predictions of sand amount as a function of the changes in drawdown over time. Field data and numerical simulations on volumetric sand production in a North Sea reservoir are presented. Previous work has mainly concentrated on the prediction of sand-production initiation. The current analysis of the field data and model simulations attempt to establish the relation between volumetric sand rate as a function of time, stresses, and fluid-flow rate. Based on such analyses and model predictions, a well-production strategy can be implemented for maximum productivity with minimum sanding problems. Field-Data Interpretation Volumetric sand-production data were collected from an oil-production well in a North Sea reservoir. Table 1 provides the perforation intervals of the well and other perforation data, such as total perforated length of the well and perforation density and phasing. The well inclination at the perforated interval is 50 with respect to the vertical. Various reservoir data, such as porosity and permeability, in-situ stresses, initial reservoir pressure, and current depletion are given in Table 2. The mechanical properties of the reservoir have been characterized through triaxial compression tests at 2, 5, and 15 MPa confining stress. The triaxial test results from two reservoir intervals are given in Table 3. Volumetric sand-production data from this well have been continuously collected. Fig. 1 shows the sand rate, cumulative sand, and the applied drawdown over a 120-hour production period. In this period, the sand-production rate shows three peaks associated with drawdown increases. After each peak and under near-constant drawdown, the sand rate decreases gradually to a near-constant residual value. The residual constant sand-rate value appears to increase with increasing drawdown. A total of approximately 117 kg of sand was produced. For the same 120-hour period, Fig. 2 shows the productivity of the well expressed as the total fluid rate over drawdown, and the oil fraction of the fluid-flow rate. Both the productivity and the oil fraction are constant during this period at approximately 39 std m3/Mpa·h and 0.68, respectively. For the field-data interpretation, the total period is divided into three time intervals associated with a peak and a subsequent decrease of the sand rate. For these time intervals, Table 4 lists the time duration, the increase in drawdown resulting in a peak in sand rate, and the initial and final drawdowns. The sand rates and drawdowns for the three time intervals are plotted in Fig. 3. The sand rate qsand in each time interval is approximated with the following parabolic function of the time t, which is also plotted in Fig. 3.Equation 1 where qisand is the initial sand production and a and b are calibration constants. The final residual sand rate qfsand may then be expressed asEquation 2 The initial and final sand rates and parameters a and b are listed in Table 5 for the three time intervals. The initial drawdown correlates with the drawdown increase and the final sand rate with the final drawdown, such that they increase with larger drawdown increase or final drawdown, respectively, as shown in Fig. 4. This means that if the drawdown is increased, a peak in the sand rate should be expected. The magnitude of the peak is larger for a larger drawdown increase. After the peak, the sand rate decreases and appears to approach a constant value, which depends now on the magnitude of the drawdown itself and not the increase in drawdown. Integration of Eq. 1 gives the cumulative sand production msand as a function of time; i.e.,Equation 3 The field data for the cumulative sand production in the three intervals are plotted in Fig. 5.
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Nguyen, Dang-Trinh, and Jérôme Brossard. "ADAPTATION OF EXISTING BREAKWATERS TO SEA LEVEL RISE – OVERTOPPING EFFECT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 9, 2012): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.18.
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This paper describes the wave overtopping measurements of small scale maritime breakwater in sea level rise scenarios which are supposed in French program GICC (Gestion et Impacts du Changement Climatique - Management and Impacts of Climate Change). Many reinforced solutions have been carried out with the purpose to conserve the overtopping rate; among them, the influence of raising freeboard crest is analyzed. The test results are compared with results from literature and with the empirical models presented by Owen (1980), Van der Meer (1998) and Besley (1999). Since then, a guideline is proposed for a better prediction of wave overtopping with various types of high crown-wall.
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Moreno Llácer, M. "Top Quark Mass and Properties Measurements with the ATLAS Detector." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 46 (January 2018): 1860053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518600534.
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The top quark is the heaviest elementary particle and unique among the known quarks since it decays before forming hadronic bound states. This makes measurements of the top quark itself particularly interesting as one can access directly the properties of a bare quark. The latest measurements of these properties with the ATLAS detector are reported using data from 8 TeV and 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The latest measurements of the top quark mass using template methods, as well as others aiming to measure the mass in a well-defined scheme, are presented. In addition, measurements for the top quark decay width, top quark spin observables and [Formula: see text]-boson helicity in events with top quark pairs ([Formula: see text]) are presented and compared to the Standard Model predictions. The cross-section measurements of top quark pair production in association with a photon, [Formula: see text]- or [Formula: see text]-boson are also reported and compared to the most accurate theoretical calculations. These measurements probe the top quark electroweak couplings. Limits on the rate of flavour-changing neutral current processes in the production or decay of the top quark are also shown.
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Tabasi, Mohammad, Mohsen Soltanpour, Takayuki Suzuki, and Ravindra Jayaratne. "MODELING OF BERM FORMATION AND EROSION AT THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 31, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.papers.19.
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Cross-shore beach profile data from field measurements performed at six locations on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea are used to investigate bathymetry change due to various wave conditions. Beach profile measurements are analyzed and subsequently compared with the results of a berm formation and erosion model. The model comprises distinct empirical sediment transport equations for predicting the cross-shore sediment transport rate under various wave conditions. To yield a berm formation and erosion model, empirical cross-shore sediment transport equations are combined with the mass conservation equation. Simulations results obtained from the model compared well with the measurements, proving the capability of the model in simulating berm formation and erosion evolution.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/FTgAr73h5rA
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Omar, Mohd Firdaus, Hazizan Md Akil, and Zainal Arifin Ahmad. "Measurement and prediction of compressive properties of polymers at high strain rate loading." Materials & Design 32, no. 8-9 (September 2011): 4207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.04.037.
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Akiba, Miyuki, Tomoji Takamasa, and Shinichi Morooka. "Prediction method of critical power by film flow rate measurement and subchannel analysis." Heat Transfer—Asian Research 34, no. 5 (2005): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.20069.
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Ilett, David R., Shaun Burke, and William J. Simpson. "Measurement and Prediction of the Rate of Loss of Sulphur Dioxide from Beer." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 70, no. 3 (March 1996): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199603)70:3<337::aid-jsfa493>3.0.co;2-0.
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AKIBA, Miyuki, Tomoji TAKAMASA, and Shinichi MOROOKA. "Prediction Method of Critical Power by Film Flow Rate Measurement and Subchannel Analysis." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 70, no. 695 (2004): 1769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.70.1769.
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Zhai, Chunjie, Siyu Zhang, Zhaolou Cao, and Xinmeng Wang. "Learning-based prediction of wildfire spread with real-time rate of spread measurement." Combustion and Flame 215 (May 2020): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.02.007.
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Reseghetti, F., M. Borghini, and G. M. R. Manzella. "Factors affecting the quality of XBT data – results of analyses on profiles from the Western Mediterranean Sea." Ocean Science 3, no. 1 (February 8, 2007): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-3-59-2007.
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Abstract. EXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) temperature profiles collected in the framework of the Mediterranean Forecasting System – Toward Environmental Prediction (MFS-TEP) project have been compared with CTD measurements. New procedures for the quality control of recorded values have been developed and checked. Some sources of possible uncertainties and errors, such as the response time of the apparatus (XBT probe, thermistor and readout chain), or the influence of initial conditions are also analysed. To deal with the high homogeneity of Mediterranean waters, a new technique to compute the fall rate coefficients, that give a better reproduction of the depth of thermal structures, has been proposed, and new customized coefficients have been calculated. After the application of a temperature correction, the overall uncertainties in depth and in temperature measurements have been estimated.
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Vargas, Vanessa, Pablo Ramos, Vincent Ray, Camille Jalier, Renaud Stevens, Benoit Dupont De Dinechin, Maud Baylac, et al. "Radiation Experiments on a 28 nm Single-Chip Many-Core Processor and SEU Error-Rate Prediction." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 64, no. 1 (January 2017): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2016.2638081.
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