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Journal articles on the topic 'Seven American deaths and disasters'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Perloff, Marjorie. "What Really Happened? Kenneth Goldsmith’s “7+ Deaths and Disasters,” Sophie Calle’s, Take Care of Yourself." Synthesis: an Anglophone Journal of Comparative Literary Studies, no. 11 (October 18, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/syn.20894.

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In Seven American Deaths and Disasters (2013), Kenneth Goldsmith recounted a set of tragic and unanticipated events in recent American history by using transcriptions of radio and TV broadcasts, usually from minor networks. Designed to be an “eighthAmerican disaster,” Goldsmith presented The Body of Michael Brown, a performance based on the St. Louis autopsy report at the “Interrupt 3” conference at Brown University(13 March 2015), eliciting widespread criticism and controversy. Seemingly very different from Goldsmith—Sophie Calle’s projects, for the past few decades, set up particularprocedur

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De Ville de Goyet, Claude. "International Military-Civilian Collaboration Potential for Disaster Aid in Latin America." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 1 (1985): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00032568.

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Latin American and Caribbean countries have been affected by many natural disasters in past decades. Earthquakes caused in Peru (1970) approximately 70,000 deaths, in Nicaragua (1972) 5,000 deaths while destroying the capital, Managua, and in Guatemala (1976) 22,000. Hurricanes also wreak havoc: hurricane Fifi in Honduras (1974) with 10,000 deaths, hurricane David (1979), and hurricane Allen in Saint Lucia, Haiti and Jamaica (1980), have amply demonstrated the high vulnerability of these countries to emergency situations. These catastrophes and many other smaller ones required that all resourc

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Smith, Erin C., Frederick M. Burkle, Peter Aitken, and Peter Leggatt. "Seven Decades of Disasters: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 4 (2018): 418–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000638.

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AbstractIntroductionThe impact of disasters and large-scale crises continues to increase around the world. To mitigate the potential disasters that confront humanity in the new millennium, an evidence-informed approach to disaster management is needed. This study provides the platform for such an evidence-informed approach by identifying peer-reviewed disaster management publications from 1947 through July 2017.MethodsPeer-reviewed disaster management publications were identified using a comprehensive search of: MEDLINE (US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda,

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Shrestha, Buddhi Raj. "An Assessment of Disaster Loss and Damage in Nepal." Geographic Base 6 (October 27, 2019): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tgb.v6i0.26166.

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A disaster is a natural or manmade hazard resulting in an event of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or drastic change to the environment. Due to diverse geographical coverage, Nepal is prone to various geological and hydro-meteorological hazards. This paper tries to show the types of disaster, losses and damages induced by disaster and analyze the trend and geographical distribution of disaster in Nepal. This study is based on the secondary data sources. Disaste r events data were collected from NSET and other government research papers, libra

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Sanjaya Putra, Dewa Gede, Kuswantoro Rusca Putra, and Noorhamdani AS. "Emergency nurse’s perceptions of hospital facility support and disaster preparedness." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 9, no. 4 (2020): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v9i4.20507.

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Disasters cause material losses, morbidity, and deaths. Support for the role of hospitals and health workers, especially nurses, is needed to reduce the number of victims in each disaster. Using a cross-sectional survey design, this study aims to analyze the relationship between nurse’s perceptions of hospital facility support and disaster preparedness. One hundred sixty seven respondents were selected using proportional random sampling. Disaster preparedness evaluation tool (DPET) was used to assess the participants’ readiness, and the Health Sector Self-Assessment Tool for Disaster Risk Redu

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Keim, Mark E. "The Epidemiology of Extreme Weather Event Disasters (1969-2018)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 35, no. 3 (2020): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x20000461.

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AbstractIntroduction:This manuscript summarizes the global incidence, exposures, mortality, and morbidity associated with extreme weather event (EWE) disasters over the past 50 years (1969-2018).Methods:A historical database (1969-2018) was created from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) to include all disasters caused by seven EWE hazards (ie, cyclones, droughts, floods, heatwaves, landslides, cold weather, and storms). The annual incidence of EWE hazards and rates of exposure, morbidity, and mortality were calculated. Regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) calculations were

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Neaves, PhD, Tonya T., T. Aaron Wachhaus, PhD, and Grace A. Royer, MPAc. "The social construction of disasters in the United States: A historical and cultural phenomenon." Journal of Emergency Management 15, no. 3 (2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2017.0326.

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Introduction: Societal risks from hazards are continually increasing. Each year, disasters cause thousands of deaths and cost billions of dollars. In the first half of 2011, the United States endured countless disasters—winter snowstorms in the Midwest and Northeast; severe tornadic weather in the Mississippi, Alabama, and Missouri; flash flooding in Nashville; flooding along the Mississippi River; an earthquake on the East Coast, wildfires in Texas, and Hurricane Irene. Fundamental disaster planning is regarded as an interdisciplinary approach to develop strategies and instituting policies co

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Bardach, Ariel, Andrea Alcaraz, Javier Roberti, Agustín Ciapponi, Federico Augustovski, and Andrés Pichon-Riviere. "Optimizing Tobacco Advertising Bans in Seven Latin American Countries: Microsimulation Modeling of Health and Financial Impact to Inform Evidence-Based Policy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (2021): 5078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105078.

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Introduction: In Latin America, tobacco smoking prevalence is between 6.4% and 35.2%. Governments have been making efforts to support the regulation of advertising and, in many cases, banning advertising and promotion of tobacco altogether. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact on health and economic outcomes of optimizing a ban on tobacco advertising and sponsorship in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Methods: We built a probabilistic microsimulation model, considering natural history, direct health system costs, and quality of life imp

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Bardach, Ariel, María Belén Rodríguez, Agustín Ciapponi, et al. "Smoke-Free Air Interventions in Seven Latin American Countries: Health and Financial Impact to Inform Evidence-Based Policy Implementation." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 12 (2020): 2149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa133.

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Abstract Introduction Disease burden due to tobacco smoking in Latin America remains very high. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of implementing smoke-free air interventions on health and cost outcomes in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, using a mathematical model. Aims and Methods We built a probabilistic Monte Carlo microsimulation model, considering natural history, direct health system costs, and quality of life impairment associated with main tobacco-related diseases. We followed individuals in hypothetical cohorts and calculat

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Sánchez-Silva, Mauricio, Luis E. Yamín, and Bernardo Caicedo. "Lessons of the 25 January 1999 Earthquake in Central Colombia." Earthquake Spectra 16, no. 2 (2000): 493–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586123.

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On January 25, 1999, an earthquake of magnitude ML = 6.1 occurred in central Colombia, which caused 1,200 deaths, 5,000 injuries, more than 250,000 people affected and economic losses estimated at US$1.2 billion. The earthquake left some important lessons that must be taken into account for the management of similar situations in the future. With respect to the behavior of buildings, the soundness and importance of the code of practice for buildings was demonstrated as a tool for the prevention of seismic disasters. The management of the emergency in cities such as Pereira and Armenia showed t

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Mhyre, Jill M., Monica N. Riesner, Linda S. Polley, and Norah N. Naughton. "A Series of Anesthesia-related Maternal Deaths in Michigan, 1985–2003." Anesthesiology 106, no. 6 (2007): 1096–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000267592.34626.6b.

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Background Maternal Mortality Surveillance has been conducted by the State of Michigan since 1950, and anesthesia-related maternal deaths were most recently reviewed for the years 1972-1984. Methods Records for pregnancy-associated deaths between 1985 and 2003 were reviewed to identify 25 cases associated with a perioperative arrest or major anesthetic complication. Four obstetric anesthesiologists independently classified these cases, and disagreements were resolved by discussion. Precise definitions of anesthesia-related and anesthesia-contributing maternal death were constructed. Anesthesia

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Barnhart, DO, Stephanie, Patrick M. Cody, DO, and David E. Hogan, DO, MPH, FACEP. "Multiple information sources in the analysis of a disaster." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 4, no. 1 (2009): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2009.0006.

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Objective: Disasters are complex events making epidemiologic studies and determination of accurate denominators difficult due to the poor nature of available records. However, these data are essential to perform useful calculations and accurate descriptions of disaster medical impacts. This study was undertaken to identify the availability and utility of various information sources in the analysis of a mass casualty disaster. In addition, characteristics of cases presenting for care are described.Design: This is a retrospective cohort study abstracting medical records and other documents relat

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Cavey, Andrew M. J., Jonathan M. Spector, Derek Ehrhardt, et al. "Mississippi's Infectious Disease Hotline: A Surveillance and Education Model for Future Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, no. 1 (2009): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00006488.

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AbstractIntroduction:The potential for outbreaks of epidemic disease among displaced residents was a significant public health concern in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. In response, the Mississippi Department of Health (MDH) and the American Red Cross (ARC) implemented a novel infectious disease surveillance system, in the form of a telephone “hotline”, to detect and rapidly respond to health threats in shelters.Methods:All ARC-managed shelters in Mississippi were included in the surveillance system. A symptom-based, case reporting method was developed and distributed to shelter staff, wh

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Barbieri, Magali. "The contribution of drug-related deaths to the US disadvantage in mortality." International Journal of Epidemiology 48, no. 3 (2018): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy288.

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Abstract Background The USA ranks last in life expectancy among high-income countries. Since 2000, excess US mortality has been particularly concentrated in the working ages, which are also the ages hardest hit by the increase in drug deaths. This study measures the effect of drug-related mortality on the gap in life expectancy between the USA and other countries. Methods Data from the Human Mortality Database and the World Health Organization were combined to construct age-standardized mortality rates for 2000–14 in 12 high-income countries and the USA for seven broad causes of death, includi

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Shinoda, Sumio. "Special Issue on Infectious Disease Control of Natural Disasters." Journal of Disaster Research 7, no. 6 (2012): 739–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2012.p0739.

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Large natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and typhoons often produce many refugees, forcing them to live inconvenient and unsanitary lives in temporary places of refuge. Even if they can remain in their homes, hygienic conditions may be worsened by interrupted electricity, water, fuel and other lifelines. Winter disasters bring more concerns, such as influenza and cold weather, while those in summer raise problems of diarrhea-related disease. Two of Japan’s largest recent earthquakes, the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, did not cause la

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Gueri, Miguel. "Eruption of El Ruiz Volcano, Colombia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 2, no. 1-4 (1986): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00030338.

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The Republic of Colombia is situated in the northern part of South America, with coasts to both the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. It has a long history of natural disasters: hurricanes from the Caribbean sea have lashed the eastern seaboard more than once, while the western part of the country belongs to the so called “Pacific Fire Belt.” Being in the zone of contact between the Nazca and the South American Techtonic Plates, where the former gets under the latter, it suffers from volcanic eruptions and earthquakes (Figures 1 and 2). The more recent major earthquakes were those in Tumaco in

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Aléx, Jonas, Rebecca Forsberg, and Heléne Nilsson. "Identification of Preventable Death and Severe Complications in Train Crashes in Rural and Cold Environment Using a Simulation-Based Model." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (2019): s137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19003029.

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Introduction:The use of rail transport is increasing in Sweden, as well as within Europe, and train speeds are escalating. These factors contribute to an increasing frequency of train crashes and major crashes so severe that they can be classified as disasters. There is a lack of knowledge concerning factors of importance related to the rescue operation that can influence survival rate at train crashes, especially in cold environments.Aim:The aim was to identify preventable death and severe complications among passengers in a train crash in rural and cold environments using a simulation-based

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Alcaraz, Andrea, Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Alfredo Palacios, et al. "Health and Economic Impact of Health Warnings and Plain Tobacco Packaging in Seven Latin American Countries: Results of a Simulation Model." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 11 (2020): 2032–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa104.

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Abstract Introduction The burden of disease attributable to tobacco use in Latin America is very high. Our objective was to evaluate the 10-year potential impact of current legislation related to cigarette packaging and warnings and expected effects of moving to a higher level of strategies implementing cigarette plain packaging on health and cost outcomes in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, using a microsimulation model. Aims and Methods We used a probabilistic state-transition microsimulation model, considering natural history, costs, and quality of life losses

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Rust, Daniel L. "In the Shadow of Tragedy: The Evolution of Safety Coregulation on America’s Uninspected Towing Vessels." Enterprise & Society 15, no. 4 (2014): 885–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700016141.

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Disasters often prompt debates regarding public policy and lead to changes in safety regulations. With the deaths of 47 passengers and crew, the 1993 Sunset Limited tragedy focused public and governmental attention upon safety practices aboard uninspected towing vessels operated on US inland waterways. The event shaped the policy debate as the federal government imposed new safety regulations upon the towing industry and the dominant industry trade organization, the American Waterways Operators, adopted an industry-driven safety program. Subsequent tragedies revealed the inadequacies of the AW

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Peek-Asa, Corinne, Marizen Ramirez, Tracy Young, and YanYan Cao. "Flood-Related Work Disruption and Poor Health Outcomes Among University Students." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, no. 6 (2012): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1200129x.

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AbstractIntroductionGlobally, floods are the most common and among the most devastating of natural disasters. Natural disasters such as floods impact local businesses, increasing local unemployment by up to 8.2%. Previous research has linked individual losses from disasters with symptoms such as posttraumatic stress disorder. However, little is known about the impact of work disruption and job loss on post-disaster psychological symptoms. University students, who are often living far away from family support structures and have limited resources, may be particularly vulnerable. This study exam

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Jajeh, Ahmad, Rosalind Catchatourian, David Osafo, Deimante Tamkus, Ghassan Zalzaleh, and Anshul Bamrolia. "Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD), Vincristine and Reduced-Dose Dexamethasone (DVd) in the Treatment of a Predominantly African American Population with Multiple Myeloma." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 2573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.2573.2573.

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Abstract Recently there has been an important recognition of potentially different responses to pharmaceuticals based on genetic predisposition, with the first FDA advisory panel recommending approval of a heart failure drug for African Americans alone. Liposomal doxorubicin (DOXIL; PLD) is a microscopic pegylated phospholipid vesicle with a core containing conventional doxorubicin. The pegylated coat protects the liposomes from detection by mononuclear phagocytes increasing blood circulation time (t½ = 55 hours). Due to its prolonged half-life, PLD provides a similar effect to using continuou

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Ayuso-Alvárez, A., K. Alva Chavez, M. V. Martínez de Aragón, et al. "Ratio of the Dead to Wounded (D/W) Indicators and Associated Factors in Major Earthquakes of America from 1960 to 2011." Journal of Earthquakes 2014 (October 21, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/720930.

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The paper presented deals with the casualties, mortality, and morbidity occurred during the major earthquakes of America during a period of 51 years. The work provides statistical evidence that the deaths/wounded (D/W) ratio used for many agencies in the planning of the preparation and response activities to earthquakes does not fit the relation 1 : 3. In addition, a model is presented in order to evaluate the possible association between different analysis variables such as the subregion of the American continent affected, population density, HDI, and the time and magnitude of the earthquake

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Othman, Abdelrahman J., and Rebwar Z. Mohammed. "Identity Crisis in Martin Amis's Money and London Fields." Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2021): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/kujhss.v4n1y2021.pp60-69.

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Martin Amis’s novels are known for their representation of the dilemma of human beings in facing the problems of their age. Problems that may lead them to the status of crisis and expose them to sever psychological pain. This paper deals with issues related to identity and the traumatic conditions of the characters in two of Martin Amis's outstanding novels which are Money and London Fields. Using a descriptive analytic approach, I will be highlighting how these characters pass through a status of crisis while living in an era of material idolization and greed that results in death of love and

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Alexakis, Lykourgos-Christos G., Tudor A. Codreanu, and Samuel J. Stratton. "Water and Power Reserve Capacity of Health Facilities in the Greek Islands." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 2 (2014): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14000077.

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AbstractIntroductionGeographically isolated islands are vulnerable during natural or technological disasters. During disasters, island health facilities should be able to secure power and water in order to continue operations.ObjectiveThis study sought to determine the existence of Greek island health facility backup systems for water and power. When such systems existed, reserve capacity was quantified and compared to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Hospital Safety Index standards.MethodsA standardized, self-administered questionnaire was sent to major health care facilities belon

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Zhou, Long, Liancheng Zhao, Yong Wu, et al. "Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and its association with 20-year cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a Chinese population." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 8 (2018): 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210396.

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BackgroundThe American Heart Association (AHA) developed a simplified assessment tool based on seven ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics, but the relationship between the AHA defined ideal CVH metrics and cardiovascular risk in Chinese population has not been well estimated.MethodsThe baseline survey were conducted among 938 Chinese men and women from four urban and rural population samples in China, aged 35–59 years in 1983–1984. The cohort was followed up for multiple cardiovascular endpoints up to 2005. Cox proportional hazard models were used to test the associations accounting for m

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Aguilar-Pesantes, Alby, Elizabeth Peña Carpio, Tomas Vitvar, Ronald Koepke, and Juan M. Menéndez-Aguado. "A Comparative Study of Mining Control in Latin America." Mining 1, no. 1 (2021): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining1010002.

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This study analyzes various regulatory framework mechanisms applied to prevent, minimize, and mitigate environmental accidents and disasters, within the extractive mining industry, in seven Latin American countries. The selected countries offer an ample view of the mining industry specter since each one of them is at the different development stages, such as Chile, Bolivia, Mexico, and Brazil. Nevertheless, some of the countries have similar technical characteristics, as is the case of Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. Controls and regulations employed in each of the countries reveal particularitie

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Shahid, Shahira, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Nick Brown, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Fyezah Jehan, and Muhammad Imran Nisar. "Young infant clinical signs study, Pakistan: a data note." Gates Open Research 5 (August 12, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13317.1.

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Neonatal sepsis is the leading cause of child death globally with most of these deaths occurring in the first week of life. It is of utmost public health importance that clinical signs predictive of severe illness and need for referral are identified early in the course of illness. From 2002-2005, a multi country trial called the Young Infant Clinical Signs Study (YICSS) was conducted in seven sites across three South-Asian (Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan), two African (Ghana, and South Africa), and one South American (Bolivia) country. The study aimed to develop a simplified algorithm to be

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Lipold, Paul F. "“Striking Deaths” at their Roots: Assaying the Social Determinants of Extreme Labor-Management Violence in US Labor History—1877–1947." Social Science History 38, no. 3-4 (2014): 541–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.24.

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The seven decades framed by the Great Railway Strike of 1877 and institutionalization of organized labor in the wake of World War II constituted a unique period of US labor relations, one that labor historians have identified as the most violent and bloody of any Western industrialized nation. Despite long-standing scholarly interest in the issues of labor-management conflict, however, important questions regarding the causes of extreme labor-management violence within the United States have never been adequately addressed. In this paper, I utilize a recently compiled and unique data set of Am

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Schwartz, Jonathan B. "Dealing with a “Rogue State”: The Libya Precedent." American Journal of International Law 101, no. 3 (2007): 553–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002930000029791.

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On June 30,2006, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice rescinded die United States designation of Libya as a state sponsor of terrorism. Her action ended nearly twenty-seven years of Libya’s pariah status in American law and rhetoric.The road to the rehabilitation of Libya was a long one in more than a temporal sense. During the 1980s, the country was widely perceived as the world’s strongest supporter of terrorism.The United States in particular saw Libya under the leadership of Muammar el-Qaddafi as a “rogue state” posing a serious threat to U.S. national security interests.This fear was confi

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Ziółkowska, Lidia, Łukasz Mazurkiewicz, Joanna Petryka, et al. "The Indices of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Derived Atrial Dynamics May Improve the Contemporary Risk Stratification Algorithms in Children with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (2021): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040650.

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Introduction: The most efficient risk stratification algorithms are expected to deliver robust and indefectible identification of high-risk children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Here we compare algorithms for risk stratification in primary prevention in HCM children and investigate whether novel indices of biatrial performance improve these algorithms. Methods and Results: The endpoints were defined as sudden cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator discharge. We examined the prognostic utility of classic American College of C

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Bamrolia, Anshul, Ahmad Jajeh, R. Catchatourian, et al. "Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD), Vincristine and Reduced-Dose Dexamethasone (DVd) in the Treatment of Predominantly African American Population with Multiple Myeloma." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 5105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.5105.5105.

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Abstract Biologic therapy is emerging as first line therapy for multiple myeloma. However, most patients will require multiple lines of treatments and chemotherapy remains a very good option. In the last few years, there has been an important recognition of potentially different responses to pharmaceuticals based on genetic predisposition, starting with the FDA advisory panel recommending approval of a heart failure drug for African Americans. Liposomal doxorubicin (DOXIL; PLD) is a microscopic pegylated phospholipid vesicle with a core containing conventional doxorubicin. The pegylated coat p

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Tabatabaie, Morteza, Ali Ardalan, Hassan Abolghasemi, et al. "Estimating Blood Transfusion Requirements in Preparation for a Major Earthquake: The Tehran, Iran Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 25, no. 3 (2010): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00008116.

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AbstractIntroduction:Tehran, Iran, with a population of approximately seven million people, is at a very high risk for a devastating earthquake. This study aims to estimate the number of units of blood required at the time of such an earthquake.Methods:To assume the damage of an earthquake in Tehran, the researchers applied the Centre for Earthquake and Environmental Studies of Tehran/Japan International Cooperation Agency (CEST/JICA) fault-activation scenarios, and accordingly estimated the injury-to-death ratio (IDR), hospital admission rate (HAR), and blood transfusion rate (BTR). The data

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Yong, C. C., A. Soni-Jaiswal, and J. J. Homer. "Subcranial craniofacial resection for advanced sinonasal malignant tumours involving the anterior skull base." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, no. 8 (2016): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215116008318.

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AbstractBackground:The subcranial approach is a modification of traditional craniofacial resection. It provides similar broad access to the anterior skull base, but with lower mortality and morbidity. It has been the surgical technique of choice at our institution since 2006 for treating advanced stage sinonasal tumours (American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III or above). This paper reports our experience and outcomes.Method and results:Eighteen patients underwent subcranial craniofacial resection over a seven-year period, this being combined with a second adjunctive procedure in 89 per ce

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Yashkov, Yu I., O. E. Lutsevich, A. V. Nikol'skiy, and D. K. Bekuzarov. "Comparative evaluation of different operative methods for treating obesity." Obesity and metabolism 5, no. 1 (2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2008131-38.

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Obesity is one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. This is - one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, was characterized by WHO as "non-infectious epidemic of the late XX - early XXI century." According to data presented at the Consensus Conference of the National Institutes of Health and the American Society of Bariatric Surgeons in 2004, as well as the WHO European Conference on Obesity in 2006, 1.7 billion people on the planet, including 2/3 of the US population are overweight (MT), with one in five adults and one in seven teen - morbid obesity, ie, has a body mass i

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Guerrero Flórez, Milena, Olivia Alexandra Guerrero Gómez, Jaqueline Mena Huertas, and María Clara Yépez Chamorro. "Mapping of microRNAs related to cervical cancer in Latin American human genomic variants." F1000Research 6 (December 5, 2018): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10138.2.

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Background: MicroRNAs are related to human cancers, including cervical cancer (CC) caused by HPV. In 2018, approximately 56.075 cases and 28.252 deaths from this cancer were registered in Latin America and the Caribbean according to GLOBOCAN reports. The main molecular mechanism of HPV in CC is related to integration of viral DNA into the hosts’ genome. However, the different variants in the human genome can result in different integration mechanisms, specifically involving microRNAs (miRNAs). Methods: The miRNAs associated with CC were obtained from literature, the miRNA sequences and four hu

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Guerrero Flórez, Milena, Olivia Alexandra Guerrero Gómez, Jaqueline Mena Huertas, and María Clara Yépez Chamorro. "Mapping of microRNAs related to cervical cancer in Latin American human genomic variants." F1000Research 6 (June 20, 2017): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10138.1.

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Background: MicroRNAs are related to human cancers, including cervical cancer (CC), which is mainly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In 2012, approximately 70000 cases and 28000 deaths from this cancer were registered in Latin America according to GLOBOCAN reports. The most frequent genotype worldwide is HPV-16. The main molecular mechanism of HPV in CC is related to integration of viral DNA into the hosts’ genome. However, the different variants in the human genome can result in different integration mechanisms, specifically involving microRNAs (miRNAs). Methods: miRNA sequence

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Roberto, Anthony J., Amy Janan Johnson, Gary Meyer, Steve L. Robbins, and Patricia K. Smith. "The Firearm Injury Reduction Education (Fire) Program: Formative Evaluation Insights and Implications." Social Marketing Quarterly 4, no. 2 (1998): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245004.1998.9960994.

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The Firearm Injury Reduction Education (FIRE) Program is a comprehensive community-based initiative aimed primarily at reducing the number of unintentional firearm injuries and deaths in Michigan. The FIRE Program is a multifaceted intervention that includes the following components: (1) videotaped testimonials; (2) radio public service announcements (PSAs); and (3) pamphlet distribution. In all cases, target audience members have an opportunity to receive a free gun trigger-lock. Several aspects of the social marketing model will be adopted by the FIRE Program. Pre-production formative evalua

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Malilay, Josephine. "Public Health Assessments in Disaster Settings: Recommendations for a Multidisciplinary Approach." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, no. 4 (2000): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00025279.

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AbstractIntroduction:Rapid assessments of needs and health status have been conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in natural disaster settings for gathering information about the status of affected populations during emergencies. A review of eight such assessments (6 from hurricanes, 1 from an ice storm, and 1 from an earthquake) examines current methods and applications, and describes the use of results by policy makers so assessments in post-disaster settings can be improved.Objective:Because the results of assessments greatly influence the nature of relief a

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Wibault, P., M. A. Bensmaine, M. de Forni, et al. "Intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a phase II study of radiotherapy with cisplatin and 7-week continuous infusional fluorouracil." Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 4 (1996): 1192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1996.14.4.1192.

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PURPOSE To evaluate an intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy protocol of conventional radiotherapy with intermittent cisplatin (CDDP) and continuous-infusion fluorouracil (5-FU) in unresectable, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-seven patients with unresectable stage IV MO disease (International Union Against Cancer [UICC]/American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC], 1987) received radiotherapy 70 Gy followed by CDDP 80 mg/m2 and 5-FU 300 mg/m2/d. Response was assessed 2 months after treatment completion. RESULTS Thirty patients (

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Larkin, JO, TB Thekiso, R. Waldron, K. Barry, and PW Eustace. "Recurrent Sigmoid Volvulus – Early Resection may Obviate Later Emergency Surgery and Reduce Morbidity and Mortality." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 91, no. 3 (2009): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588409x391776.

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INTRODUCTION Acute sigmoid volvulus is a well recognised cause of acute large bowel obstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed our unit's experience with non-operative and operative management of this condition. A total of 27 patients were treated for acute sigmoid volvulus between 1996 and 2006. In total, there were 62 separate hospital admissions. RESULTS Eleven patients were managed with colonoscopic decompression alone. The overall mortality rate for non-operative management was 36.4% (4 of 11 patients). Fifteen patients had operative management (five semi-elective following decompressi

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Clough, Timothy M., Nikhil Shah, Hiren Divecha, and Sumedh Talwalkar. "COVID-19 consent and return to elective orthopaedic surgery." Bone & Joint Open 1, no. 9 (2020): 556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.19.bjo-2020-0125.r1.

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Aims The exact risk to patients undergoing surgery who develop COVID-19 is not yet fully known. This study aims to provide the current data to allow adequate consent regarding the risks of post-surgery COVID-19 infection and subsequent COVID-19-related mortality. Methods All orthopaedic trauma cases at the Wrightington Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust from ‘lockdown’ (23 March 2020) to date (15 June 2020) were collated and split into three groups. Adult ambulatory trauma surgeries (upper limb trauma, ankle fracture, tibial plateau fracture) and regional-specific referrals (periprosthetic h

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Ruperto, Nicolino, Hermine I. Brunner, Pierre Quartier, et al. "Canakinumab in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and active systemic features: results from the 5-year long-term extension of the phase III pivotal trials." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 77, no. 12 (2018): 1710–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213150.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of canakinumab in patients with active systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsPatients (2–19 years) entered two phase III studies and continued in the long-term extension (LTE) study. Efficacy assessments were performed every 3 months, including adapted JIA American College of Rheumatology (aJIA-ACR) criteria, Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS) and ACR clinical remission on medication criteria (CRACR). Efficacy analyses are reported as per the intent-to-treat population.Results144 of the 177 patients (81%) enro

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Gore, R., C. M. Bloem, B. Arquilla, and P. Roblin. "(A100) Building Local Resilience and Competencies in Remote Haitian Communities." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001026.

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Injury and trauma are major causes of premature deaths worldwide. At present, Haiti does not have an existing emergency medical system. Basic first responders training was developed for lay people and medical professionals in rural Haiti.MethodsThe training was conducted in Terrier Rouge, Haiti. Participants included medical professionals, laborers, health professionals, teachers, students, and truck drivers from six towns in northeastern Haiti. A three-day training course taught by U.S. board certified emergency medicine physicians was instituted. Basic life support (BLS), first aid, and BLS/

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Ricaurte, Daniel, Daniel Slack, Aaron Gilson, et al. "Head injury alert: A new level of trauma activation?" Trauma 22, no. 3 (2019): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408619871811.

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Introduction Trauma activation requires mobilization of significant resources to be available at short notice. In 2014, the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma issued its latest recommendations for care of the injured patient. Amongst trauma activation criteria, elderly patients that fell from any height on anticoagulation were included. We hypothesized that a reduced trauma team could preserve patient safety while reducing time and cost spent. Method A ‘Head Injury Alert’ was created to denote anti-coagulated patients with a GCS > 14 who fell from a height of <20 feet. An E

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Carson, Jeffrey L., Frederick Sieber, Donald R. Hoover, et al. "A Randomized Clinical Trial of Liberal Versus Restrictive Transfusion Strategy Evaluating Long Term Survival and Cause of Death: Results from the FOCUS Trial." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.757.757.

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Abstract Introduction There are a large number of randomized clinical trials comparing short-term mortality between liberal and restrictive transfusion strategies. However, transfusion is thought to have long-term consequences related to alteration of immune function. These effects have been hypothesized to increase the risk of subsequent infections and recurrence of cancer. Thus, it is possible that transfusion will increase the risk of long-term mortality by increasing the deaths due to infections and recurrent cancer. Alternatively, more liberal transfusion might reduce cardiac complication

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Shimamura, Akiko, Audrey Anna Bolyard, Satabdi Chakrabarti, et al. "Clinical Features of Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Patients Lacking Biallelic SBDS Mutation." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 4367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4367.4367.

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Abstract Abstract 4367 Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder defined clinically by marrow failure and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. Previous research estimates that 90% of patients harbor biallelic mutations in the SBDS gene. The clinical course of patients lacking SBDS mutations has not been examined previously. To address this question, we examined 102 patients referred to the North American Shwachman-Diamond syndrome registry (SDSR) or the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry (SCNIR). Seventy-nine subjects were <18 years of age (m

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Fourney, Daryl R., Donald F. Schomer, Remi Nader, et al. "Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for painful vertebral body fractures in cancer patients." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 98, no. 1 (2003): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2003.98.1.0021.

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Object. The current North American experience with minimally invasive vertebro- and kyphoplasty is largely limited to the treatment of benign osteoporotic compression fractures. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of these procedures for painful vertebral body (VB) fractures in cancer patients. Methods. The authors reviewed a consecutive group of cancer patients (21 with myeloma and 35 with other primary malignancies) undergoing vertebro- and kyphoplasty at their institution. Ninety-seven (65 vertebro- and 32 kyphoplasty) procedures were performed in 56 patients d

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Goldvaser, Hadar, Domen Ribnikar, Tristan Alexandra Barnes, David W. Cescon, Alberto Ocana, and Eitan Amir. "Toxicity of extended adjuvant aromatase inhibitors therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.549.

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549 Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are a gold standard adjuvant endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women with breast cancer. A number of randomized trials (RCTs) have reported modest improvements in breast cancer outcomes from extending treatment with AI beyond the initial 5 years after diagnosis. However, less in known about the toxicity of extended AI compared with no therapy. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE to identify RCTs that compared extended AI to placebo or no treatment. The search was supplemented by a review of abstracts from the American Society of Cli

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Silva Junior, Fernando José Guedes da, Priscilla Ingrid Gomes Miranda, Jaqueline Carvalho e. Silva Sales, et al. "Suicidal behaviour in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: protocol for systematic review of observational studies." BMJ Open 11, no. 8 (2021): e045313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045313.

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IntroductionCOVID-19 pandemic has an impact on mortality indicators worldwide. Mitigation and repression actions to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease are necessary. However, they are criticised in the economic, social and psychological spheres. This social isolation, increased unemployment, routine changes, news of health complications and deaths related to COVID-19 can cause psychological repercussions that will certainly intensify in the coming months, and suicidal behaviour presents itself as a fatal outcome. It is necessary to know factors associated with suici

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Shams-White, Marissa, Nigel Brockton, Giota Mitrou, Lisa Kahle, and Jill Reedy. "The 2018 WCRF/AICR Score and All-Cause and Cancer-Specific Mortality Risk: A Longitudinal Analysis in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_114.

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Abstract Objectives To examine how adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations may impact risk for all-cause and cancer-specific mortality among older adults in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Methods The seven components of the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score were calculated using baseline data (1995–1997) for dietary intake (124-item food frequency questionnaire), height, weight, and waist circumference, and a follow-up questionnaire (2004) for moderate and vigorous physical activity (N = 220,389). Total

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