Relevant bibliographies by topics / Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods"

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VERLINDEN, BERT. "Severe plastic deformation of metals." Metalurgija-Journal of Metallurgy 11, no. 3 (2005): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/380.

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This paper provides an introduction in the field of severe plastic deformation (SPD). First of all the main methods to produce SPD materials are discussed. In the following section, the mechanisms leading to the formation of fine grains are reviewed and the influence of changes in strain path is highlighted. During post-SPD thermal annealing, some typical microstructural changes take place. The influence of SPD and subsequent annealing on strength, ductility and superplastic properties are reviewed. Finally the paper provides a short overview of fatigue resistance and corrosion properties of t
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Straumal, Boris B., Olga A. Kogtenkova, Ruslan Z. Valiev, Pawel Zięba, and Brigitte Baretzky. "Diffusion and Phase Transitions Accelerated by Severe Plastic Deformation." Diffusion Foundations 5 (July 2015): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.5.95.

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Severe plastic deformation (SPD) can lead to the phase transformations in the materials. Even the SPD-treatment at ambient temperatureTSPD= 300 K is frequently equivalent to the heat treatment at a certain elevated temperature (effective temperature)Teff> 300 K. However, if the real annealing at effective temperature leads to the grain growth, SPD leads to strong grain refinement. SPD also accelerates the mass transfer in the materials. In this review the methods of determination for effective temperature after high-pressure torsion of metallic alloys are discussed as well as SPD-driven acc
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Li, Yong Zhi, and Xue Fei Du. "Plastic Deformation Simulation on Compound Twist Extrusion Process for Metal Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2676–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2676.

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Severe plastic deformation（SPD）methods have been the subject of intensive investigation for preparing bulk ultrafine-grained materials in recent years. This paper introduces a new severe plastic deformation (SPD) process named as C-TE process which combines the Twist Extrusion with Extrusion against the asymmetric deformation of TE process. and the distribution of effective strain and stress of the sample and the variation of load with time and its influence on the deformation were investigated by computer simulation with Deform-3D software . The results reveal that C-TE process can significan
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Li, Yong Zhi, Xiao Bo Bai, Yu Min Xie, and Ke Min Xie. "Equal Channel Angular Pressing and Torsion (ECAPT) for Densification and Strengthening Properties of Powder Sintered Materials." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.101.

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Severe Plastic Deformation（SPD）methods are hot research techniques of preparation of bulk ultrafine-grained materials and strengthening the material properties currently .Among the various SPD methods, ECAPT that a new method of ECAP （Equal channel angular pressing） organic integrates with TE（Twist extrusion）was key introduced for the frist time ,and experimental study on ECAPT technology for deformation and densification of pure Al and Mo powder sintered materials were carried out and the results were compared with that of ECAP in this paper.The results show that there have more effective and
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Kvačkaj, Tibor, and Jana Bidulská. "From Micro to Nano Scale Structure by Plastic Deformations." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.842.

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Nowadays, the strategy for improving of mechanical properties in metals is not oriented to alloying followed by heat treatment. An effective way how to improve the mechanical properties of metals is focused on the research looking for some additional structural abilities of steels. Structural refinement is one of the ways. Refinement of the austenitic grain size (AGS) carried out through plastic deformation in a spontaneous recrystallization region of austenite, formation of AGS by plastic deformations in a non-recrystallized region of austenite will be considered as potential ways for AGS ref
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Pramono, Agus, Alry Mochtar Jamil, and Anistasia Milandia. "Aluminum based Composites by Severe Plastic Deformation Process as New Methods of Manufacturing Technology." MATEC Web of Conferences 218 (2018): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821804011.

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Composites a material was developed to replace metal and alloys, because of the properties such as light weight and unique mechanical properties. Processing of aluminum-based composites has been developing by new manufacturing technology, namely severe plastic deformation (SPD), to produce unique of mechanical properties. Some of the methods used are; equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and multi-axial forging (MAF). The results of some of these methods were compared with the latest method of new SPD, namely: repetitive press roll forming (RPRF). Based on gra
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Pramono, A., K. Dhoska, A. Alhamidi, A. Trenggono, and A. Milandia. "Investigation of mechanical properties on composite materials by several of severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 673 (December 10, 2019): 012120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/673/1/012120.

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Adamczyk-Cieślak, Bogusława, Jaroslaw Mizera, and Krzysztof Jan Kurzydlowski. "Texture Development in a Model Al-Li Alloy Subjected to Severe Plastic Deformation." Solid State Phenomena 114 (July 2006): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.114.337.

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The texture of Al – 0.7 wt. % Li alloy processed by two different methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) has been investigated by X-ray diffraction, and analyzed in terms of the orientation distribution function (ODF). It was found that severe plastic deformation by both Equal Channel Angular extrusion (ECAE) and Hydrostatic Extrusion (HE) resulted in an ultrafine grained structure in an Al – 0.7 wt. % Li alloy. The microstructure, grain shape and size, of materials produced by SPD strongly depend on the technological parameters and methods applied. The texture of the investigated alloy d
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Danylenko, M., Victor F. Gorban, Yu N. Podrezov, et al. "Gradient Structure Formation by Severe Plastic Deformation." Materials Science Forum 503-504 (January 2006): 787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.503-504.787.

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Severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques are the best for producing of massive nanostructured materials. The methods of equal channel angular pressure (ECAP) and twist extrusion (TE) are realized by simple shear uniform deformation without change of cross-section sizes of sample. In the case of roll forming (RF) the shear strain is localized in the near-surface layer of metal. Intensity of shear strain in the near-surface layer depends on variation of parameters of deformation and conditions of friction in a contact. Steel 65G (0.65C, 0.3Si, 0.6Mn, 0.3Cr, and 0.3Ni) was deformed by roll for
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Mulyukov, Radik R., Ayrat A. Nazarov, and Renat M. Imayev. "Analysis of the Fundamental Mechanisms and Efficiency of the Deformation Methods of Nanostructuring." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.29.

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Deformation methods of nanostructuring (DMNs) of materials are proposed to classify into severe plastic deformation (SPD) and mild plastic deformation (MPD) methods according to fundamentally different low- and high-temperature grain refinement mechanisms they exploit. A general analysis of the fundamentals and nanostructuring efficiency of three most developed DMNs, high pressure torsion (HPT), equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP), and multiple isothermal forging (MIF) is done with a particular attention to ECAP and MIF. It is demonstrated that MIF is the most efficient method of DMNs allowi
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods"

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Simon, Anish Abraham. "Shape memory response and microstructural evolution of a severe plastically deformed high temperature shape memory alloy (NiTiHf)." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3139.

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NiTiHf alloys have attracted considerable attention as potential high temperature Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) but the instability in transformation temperatures and significant irrecoverable strain during thermal cycling under constant stress remains a major concern. The main reason for irrecoverable strain and change in transformation temperatures as a function of thermal cycling can be attributed to dislocation formation due to relatively large volume change during transformation from austenite to martensite. The formation of dislocations decreases the elastic stored energy, and during back tra
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Silva, Silvio Luiz Ventavele da. "Caracterização da liga de níquel 600 com estrutura ultrafina processada pela técnica de deformação plástica intensa (DPI)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-09122013-143001/.

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As ligas à base de níquel de alta resistência são utilizadas em uma infinidade de sistemas avançados, onde baixo peso e sistemas de transmissão mecânica de alta densidade de energia são necessários. Componentes, tais como, engrenagens, rolamentos e eixos poderiam ser consideravelmente menor e mais durável se uma grande melhoria em propriedades mecânicas de ligas à base de níquel for alcançada. Um refinamento significativo no tamanho de grão (incluindo nível nano) é um método promissor para a obtenção de melhorias fundamentais nas propriedades mecânicas. O tamanho de grão é conhecido por ter um
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Poloprudský, Jakub. "Struktura a mechanické vlastnosti materiálů na bázi hořčíku zpracovaných metodou HPT." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400834.

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This thesis is focused on processing of pure magnesium by high pressure torsion method (HPT). This process belongs to the group of intensive plastic deformation methods (SPD). SPD methods are in the centre of scientific interest for several decades. Theoretical part of this thesis puts an effort to summarize basic knowledge and principles of SPD methods with extra focus on method HPT. As theoretical part continues magnesium as technical material is presented. Influence of SPD on use and properties of pure magnesium is then presented. This trend is further developed in effort to describe the ef
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Guerra, Maria Claudia Lopes. "Caracterização elétrica e mecânica da liga de alumínio AA 1050, com estrutura ultrafina processada pela técnica de deformação plástica intensa (DPI)." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1358.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Claudia Lopes Guerra.pdf: 9968717 bytes, checksum: 7d0e4986884ffa382a835b641ed76573 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-12<br>Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa<br>The ECAP (Equal Channel Angular Pressing) is a mechanical process of Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) where a sample is subjected to a shearing force when passing through the region of intersection of two channels. The main goal of this method is Severe Plastic Deformation achieve a microstructure with ultrafine grains, which have much higher than the equiv
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Chen, Cai. "Textures et microstructures dans l'aluminium, le cuivre et le magnésium après hyperdéformation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0061.

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L'hyperdéformation est une technique efficace pour transformer la microstructure des métaux en une structure de grain de taille inférieure au micron ou même en nanostructure (&lt;100 nm). Cette très petite taille de grain confère d'excellentes propriétés mécaniques au matériau. Dans ce travail de thèse, deux techniques d'hyperdéformation récemment développées, appelées High Pressure Tube Twisting (HPTT) and Cyclic Expansion and Extrusion (CEE) ont été appliquées à température ambiante sur différents matériaux métalliques. La fragmentation de la microstructure ainsi que le développement de la t
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Bartha, Kristina. "Fázové transformace v ultra-jemnozrnných slitinách titanu." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398721.

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Title: Phase transformations in ultra-fine grained titanium alloys Author: Kristína Bartha Department: Department of Physics of Materials Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: PhDr. RNDr. Josef Stráský, Ph.D., Department of Physics of Materials Abstract: Ti15Mo alloy in a metastable β solution treated condition was processed by high pressure torsion (HPT) and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The microstructure after HPT is severely deformed and ultra-fine grained, while ECAP deformation results in rather coarse-grained structure with shear bands containing high density of lattice defects. T
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Im, Jae-taek. "Grain refinement and texture development of cast bi90sb10 alloy via severe plastic deformation." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1346.

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The purpose of this work was to study learn about grain refinement mechanisms and texture development in cast n-type Bi90Sb10 alloy caused by severe plastic deformation. The practical objective is to produce a fine grained and textured microstructure in Bi90Sb10 alloy with enhanced thermoelectric performance and mechanical strength. In the study, twelve millimeter diameter cast bars of Bi90Sb10 alloy were encapsulated in square cross section aluminum 6061 alloy containers. The composite bars were equal channel angular (ECAE) extruded through a 90 degree angle die at high homologous temperature
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Németh, Gergely. "Studium slitin titanu s využitím neutronové difrakce." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449111.

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Title: Investigation of titanium alloys using neutron diffraction Author: Gergely Németh Department / Institute: Department of Physics of Materials Supervisor of the master thesis: prof. RNDr. Kristián Mathis, Ph.D., DrSc., Department of Physics of Materials Abstract: Titanium grade 2 was treated by multiple passes of the continuous equal- channel angular pressing technique (CONFORM ECAP) and, after each pass, additionally by rotary swaging. The residual strain field in samples processed by only CONFORM ECAP was studied by neutron diffraction strain scanning. In order to elucidate the microsco
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Bandyopadhyay, Hindol. "Effect Of Processing And Test Variables On The Deformation Characteristics Of Tantalum." Thesis, 2013. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2595.

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The dependence of flow stress of body centered cubic metals on variables such as strain rate, temperature, strain and microstructural is a research area of continued interest. Recently, there has been renewed interest in deformation of fine grained BCC metals, which display characteristics that are different from their coarse-grained counterparts. Deformation mechanisms, strain-rate and temperature dependence, and strain hardening characteristics of fine-grained BCC metals are not well understood. The aim of this thesis is to understand the effect of strain-rate, temperature, strain and micros
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Stráská, Jitka. "Fyzikální vlastnosti jemnozrnných hořčíkových slitin připravených různými technologiemi." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338107.

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Title: Physical properties of ultrafine-grained magnesium based alloys prepared by various severe plastic deformation techniques Author: Jitka Stráská Department / Institute: Department of Physics of Materials Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. RNDr. Miloš Janeček, CSc. Abstract: The objective of the doctoral thesis is the complex investigation of ultrafine-grained magnesium alloy AZ31 prepared by two different severe plastic deformation techniques, in particular the hot extrusion followed by equal-channel angular pressing (EX-ECAP) and high pressure torsion (HPT). These severe plastic de
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Books on the topic "Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods"

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Severe Plastic Deformation: Methods, Processing and Properties. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods"

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McNelley, Terry R., Alexandre P. Zhilyaev, Srinivasan Swaminathan, Jianqing Su, and E. Sarath Menon. "Application of EBSD Methods to Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) and Related Processing Methods." In Electron Backscatter Diffraction in Materials Science. Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88136-2_20.

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Alexandrov, I. V. "Multiscale Studies and Modeling of SPD Materials." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch11b.

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Schafler, E., L. Zeipper, and M. J. Zehetbauer. "Evolution of Microstructure during Thermal Treatment in SPD Titanium." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch7e.

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Rentenberger, C., H. P. Karnthaler, and R. Z. Valiev. "Micro- and Nanostructures of Large Strain-SPD Deformed L12 Intermetallics." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch2d.

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Alkorta, Jon, and Javier Gil Sevillano. "Optimal SPD Processing of Plates by Constrained Groove Pressing (CGP)." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch9b.

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Kozlov, E. V., A. N. Zhdanov, N. A. Popova, and N. A. Koneva. "A Composite Grain Model of Strengthening for SPD Produced UFG Materials." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch4h.

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Higashida, K., and T. Morikawa. "SPD Structures Associated with Shear Bands in Cold-Rolled Low SFE Metals." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch9f.

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Inomoto, H., H. Fujiwara, and K. Ameyama. "Characteristics of Nano Grain Structure in SPD-PM Processed AISI304L Stainless Steel Powder." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch10f.

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Fokine, V. A. "The Main Directions in Applied Research and Developments of SPD Nanomaterials in Russia." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch15b.

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Gunderov, D. V., A. G. Popov, N. N. Schegoleva, V. V. Stolyarov, and A. R. Yavary. "Phase Transformation in Crystalline and Amorphous Rapidly Quenched Nd-Fe-B Alloys under SPD." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch3i.

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Conference papers on the topic "Severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods"

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Mwita, W. M., and E. T. Akinlabi. "Numerical Investigation on Strain Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy Processed by Constrained Bending and Straightening Severe Plastic Deformation." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11163.

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Abstract This paper presents a numerical investigation on strain properties of Ti6Al4V alloy processed by constrained bending and straightening (CBS) severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique. CBS is a new SPD method that has been proposed to enhance continuous processing of metal sheets and improve magnitude and homogeneity of induced properties such as strain. The model considers a rectangular sheet of Ti6Al4V alloy processed with CBS at 2, 4 passes denoted as N2, N4 each combined with 10, 5, 3 mm feed length denoted as F10, F5, F3 respectively. ABAQUS Standard FEA Software was used to simu
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Sanusi, Kazeem O., Esther T. Akinlabi, and Wambura W. Mwita. "Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) Process for Effective Biomedical NiTi Alloys." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71299.

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In this paper, potentials of accumulative roll bonding (ARB) severe plastic deformation (SPD) method to process effective nickel titanium alloys for biomedical application is presented. Effective material properties of biomedical NiTi alloys, including ultra-fine grain microstructure, functional, mechanical, wear and corrosion resistance were highlighted and discussed. Performance and challenges of other SPD methods in the literature have been reviewed and compared to that of ARB. Existing challenges, advantages and recommendation of using ARB to process NiTi alloys with desired properties for
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Dzhurinskiy, D., S. Dautov, P. Shornikov, and I. Sh Akhatov. "Strain Gradient Plasticity Modeling to Evaluate Material Plastic Deformation Behavior During Cold Gas Dynamic Spray Process." In ITSC2021, edited by F. Azarmi, X. Chen, J. Cizek, et al. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2021p0256.

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Abstract Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is the main feature of the Cold Spray (CS) process; which might result in producing metal grain refinement under extensive hydrostatic pressure and high strain rate loading conditions. In this study; an anisotropic strain gradient plasticity model (SGP) is presented to predict materials behavior in CS process. The enhanced dislocation densities produced throughout particle deformation affect coating material properties and modify their thermodynamic characteristics and kinetic of resistance to plastic deformations. This study also demonstrates that the
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Miyanaji, Hadi, Ali Keshavarz Panahi, and Ramin Hajavifard. "Production of Ultra-Fine-Grained Aluminum Plates by Constrained Groove Pressing Technique." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62201.

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One of the new methods of producing materials that have ultra-fine grains or grains of nanometer size is the method of severe plastic deformation (SPD). In this technique, by applying severe strains to the samples, the size of the grains is reduced to the nano scale, and as a result, the mechanical properties of the metal (including the yield strength and resistance to wear and abrasion) improve considerably. In this research, the effect of the constrained groove pressing process (as one of the SPD methods) on aluminum plates was studied. In this method, two dies (one with asymmetrical grooves
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Swaminathan, Srinivasan, M. Ravi Shankar, Balkrishna C. Rao, et al. "Nanostructured Materials by Machining." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81242.

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Large strain deformation, a key parameter in microstructure refinement by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processes, is a common feature of chip formation in machining. It is shown that the imposition of large plastic strains by chip formation can create metals and alloys with nanocrystalline or ultra-fine grained microstructures. The formation of such nanostructured materials is demonstrated in a wide variety of material systems including pure metals, light-weight aluminum alloys, and high strength steels and alloys. Nanocrystalline microstructures with different morphologies are demonstrate
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Morehead, Mason, and Yong Huang. "Machinability Research and Workpiece Microstructure Characterization in Turning of Ultrafine Grained Copper." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82638.

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Various methods for production of bulk ultrafine grained/nanostructured materials have been developed. They can be classified into two categories based on their approaches: the bottom-up and top-down approaches. Recently, a top-down approach named equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE), a form of severe plastic deformation (SPD), has been gaining more and more attention in making bulk ultrafine grained/nanostructured materials. Such bulk materials are favored for there high strength, wear resistance, ductility, and high strain-rate superplasticity, which makes them suitable for light weight en
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Huang, Yong, and Mason Morehead. "Study of Machining-Induced Microstructure Variations of ECAE-Processed Ultrafine-Grained Copper." In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84124.

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Various methods for production of bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG)/nanostructured materials have been developed. Recently, a top-down approach named equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE), a form of severe plastic deformation (SPD), has gained increasing attention in making bulk UFG materials. Such bulk materials are favored for their high strength, wear resistance, ductility, and high strain-rate superplasticity, which makes them suitable for light weight engineering and medical applications. Further precision machining work is normally indispensable for structural applications after bulk ultrafi
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Milner, Justin L., Cristina J. Bunget, Thomas R. Kurfess, and Vincent H. Hammond. "Modeling Mechanical Behavior of Materials Processed by Accumulative Roll Bonding." In ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7233.

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Nanostructured materials are a relatively new class of materials that exhibit high strength and toughness, thus improving performance and capabilities of products, with potential applications to automotive, aerospace and defense industries. Among the severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods currently used for achieving nanoscale structure of a material, accumulative roll bonding (ARB) is the most favorable method to produce grain refinement for continuous production of metallic sheets at a bulk scale. ARB is a deformation technique where metallic sheets are repeatedly prepared, stacked and rol
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Pe´rez-Prado, M. T., A. P. Zhilyaev, L. Jiang, M. E. Kassner, and O. A. Ruano. "Nanostructuring Pure Zr by Severe Plastic Deformation." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59022.

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Severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques have now successfully been applied to fabricate a large number of nanostructured metals and alloys. Most studies have so far focused on fcc materials, although some studies on Ti and Mg also exist. In this work we describe the nanostructures resulting from processing pure Zr by high pressure torsion (HPT) and accumulative roll bonding (ARB).
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Bulutsuz, A., and M. Yurci. "Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation Methods." In MS&T18. MS&T18, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2018mst/2018/mst_2018_680_684.

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