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Journal articles on the topic 'Severity heatmap'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ma, Yingying, Xiaoran Qin, Offer Grembek, and Zhiwei Chen. "Developing a safety heatmap of uncontrolled intersections using both conflict probability and severity." Accident Analysis & Prevention 113 (April 2018): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.01.038.

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Van der Cruyssen, Frederic, Mathilda Wylde, Anthony Campbell, et al. "Quantitative and Qualitative Symmetry Analysis of Open Reduction and Fixation of Zygomatic Complex Fractures." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 18, no. 2 (2025): 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/cmtr18020022.

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Zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures are among the most common craniofacial injuries, impacting both function and esthetics. This study evaluates the effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in restoring facial symmetry following ZMC fractures. Sixteen patients with unilateral ZMC fractures underwent a retrospective analysis comparing preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans to a control group of ten individuals without facial fractures. Quantitative metrics, including root mean square distance (RMSD) and heatmap analysis, were used alongside a qualitative

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Espinosa, Luis Angel, and Maria Manuela Portela. "Red-Hot Portugal: Mapping the Increasing Severity of Exceptional Maximum Temperature Events (1980–2024)." Atmosphere 16, no. 5 (2025): 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050514.

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This study examines exceptional maximum temperature (Tmax) events in mainland Portugal (1980–2024) using ERA5-Land reanalysis data at 1012 locations. To assess changes in the occurrence and temperature excess of exceptional events across two 22-year subperiods (or phases), percentile-based thresholds were adopted. An inventive severity heatmap is used to illustrate exceptional Tmax changes between the two phases, which constitutes an addition to climate change research. Locations are categorised in the heatmap according to whether they experienced (i) more occurrences and more temperature exce

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Silva, Julio Cezar Soares, Nivan Roberto Ferreira, and Adiel Teixeira de Almeida Filho. "A Tool for Visualization and Analysis of Neighbourhoods, Clusters, and Indicators during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2023 (February 20, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9524753.

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Visual analytics tools for spatiotemporal analysis can be used to manage and monitor the propagation of an epidemic. The problem is that dashboards encountered in the literature do not take into consideration how the geolocation characteristics, such as socioeconomic indicators, influence the infection risk or other epidemic variables. This analysis can support health officials in managing the outbreak to consider information about indicators in compartment models for propagation prediction and intervention simulation. The objective of this work was to bring widgets that offer a more profound

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Umebayashi, Ryoko, Haruhito Adam Uchida, Natsumi Matsuoka-Uchiyama, Hitoshi Sugiyama, and Jun Wada. "Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Variation of Its Risk Factors by the Regions in Okayama Prefecture." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 1 (2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12010097.

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Objective: The prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is an important issue from health and financial perspectives. We conducted a single-year cross-sectional study to clarify the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors along with variations in these factors among five medical regions in Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Methods and Results: Data concerning the renal function and proteinuria as well as other CKD risk factors were obtained from the database of the Japanese National Health Insurance. The proportion of CKD patients at an increased risk of progression to end-stage renal di

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Filippis, Rocco de, and Abdullah Al Foysal. "Predictive Analysis of Neuroleptics-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Using Machine Learning." Journal of Mathematical Techniques and Computational Mathematics 3, no. 8 (2024): 01–07. https://doi.org/10.33140/jmtcm.03.08.008.

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Background Neuroleptics, or antipsychotic medications, are widely used in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. However, they have been associated with the secondary development of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in some patients. This case report examines two patients who developed obsessive-compulsive aspects secondary to neuroleptic treatment. Objective To evaluate the development of OCS in patients treated with neuroleptics and to analyse their clinical outcomes. Methods Two patients treated with neuroleptics were assessed for the emergence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms us

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Filippis, Rocco de, and Abdullah Al Foysal. "Predictive Analysis of Neuroleptics-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Using Machine Learning." Journal of Mathematical Techniques and Computational Mathematics 3, no. 8 (2024): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/jmtcm.03.08.08.

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Background Neuroleptics, or antipsychotic medications, are widely used in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. However, they have been associated with the secondary development of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in some patients. This case report examines two patients who developed obsessive-compulsive aspects secondary to neuroleptic treatment. Objective To evaluate the development of OCS in patients treated with neuroleptics and to analyse their clinical outcomes. Methods Two patients treated with neuroleptics were assessed for the emergence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms us

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Schepens, Emma J. A., Digna M. A. Kamalski, and Inge Stegeman. "A Comparative Analysis of the Incidence, Severity and Duration of Smell and Taste Loss in COVID-19 Cases Versus Non-COVID-19 Cases: A Longitudinal Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 19 (2023): 6267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196267.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the relevance of olfactory and gustatory disorders. However, these symptoms can also be caused by various other factors. In this study we aimed to compare the incidence, severity and duration between COVID-19 related and non-COVID-19 related smell and taste disorders. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study using data from the Dutch biobank Lifelines, which includes over 167,000 participants. The data were collected using 27 questionnaires distributed between March 2020 and May 2022. Descriptive data and the incidence of smell and taste loss in both group

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Priyanka, K., A. V. Narendran, S. B. Shanjaiy, M. Sivanesh, A. Vasanthbalan, and G. Yokesh. "Secure Coding Analysis Tool." Research and Reviews: Advancement in Cyber Security 2, no. 3 (2025): 46–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15583548.

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<em>Secure Code Analysis Tool is an extensive project that makes it easy and automatic to identify security vulnerabilities in software codebases. It is meant to make it easy to identify, explain, and report potential security threats in web, mobile, and API apps. It scans source code to identify typical security vulnerabilities like injection attacks, unsafe data management, and misconfigurations. It then produces human-friendly descriptions for the developers, enabling them to easily comprehend the type of vulnerabilities. The system also provides severity ratings and plots vulnerability dis

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Filippova, Yu Yu, E. V. Devyatova, A. S. Alekseeva, and A. L. Burmistrova. "Cytokines and neurotrophic factors in the severity assessment of children autism." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 67, no. 11 (2022): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-11-647-651.

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Due to the steady increase in the number of children with autism and the high heterogeneity of clinical groups, the diagnosis of these disorders and their severity is an urgent problem in modern medicine. In the course of the work, 126 children from 3 to 13 years old with typical neurodevelopment and with severe and mild autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were examined. Disease severity was determined according to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors (nerve growth factor beta and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in blo

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Kim, Jong-Hwan, Segi Kwon, Jirui Fu, and Joon-Hyuk Park. "Hair Follicle Classification and Hair Loss Severity Estimation Using Mask R-CNN." Journal of Imaging 8, no. 10 (2022): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8100283.

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Early and accurate detection of scalp hair loss is imperative to provide timely and effective treatment plans to halt further progression and save medical costs. Many techniques have been developed leveraging deep learning to automate the hair loss detection process. However, the accuracy and robustness of assessing hair loss severity still remain a challenge and barrier for transitioning such a technique into practice. The presented work proposes an efficient and accurate algorithm to classify hair follicles and estimate hair loss severity, which was implemented and validated using a multitas

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Billah, Khondoker, Hatim O. Sharif, and Samer Dessouky. "Analysis of Bicycle-Motor Vehicle Crashes in San Antonio, Texas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179220.

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Bicycling is inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and healthful; however, bicyclist safety is a rising concern. This study investigates bicycle crash-related key variables that might substantially differ in terms of the party at fault and bicycle facility presence. Employing 5 year (2014–2018) data from the Texas Crash Record and Information System database, the effect of these variables on bicyclist injury severity was assessed for San Antonio, Texas, using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Severe injury risk based on the party at fault and bicycle facility presence varied

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Daamen, Andrea, Kathryn Kingsmore, Prathyusha Bachali, Nan Shen, Amrie Grammer, and Peter Lipsky. "LINKING TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILES OF KIDNEY AND BLOOD SAMPLES PROVIDES INSIGHT INTO IDENTIFICATION OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS." Journal of Rheumatology 52, Suppl 1 (2025): 51.2–52. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.2025-0390.o058.

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O058 / #380Topic:AS12 - Genetics, Epigenetics, TranscriptomicsABSTRACT CONCURRENT SESSION 10: INTEGRATING PROTEOMIC & TRANSCRIPTOMICS IN SLE24-05-2025 10:40 AM - 11:40 AMBackground/PurposeCurrent clinical methods to diagnose and evaluate the severity of lupus nephritis (LN) rely on identification of kidney dysfunction followed by invasive kidney biopsies. Here, we sought to identify molecular profiles of LN in the kidney tissue that would be reflected in blood gene expression.MethodsGene expression was analyzed from 46 kidney biopsies for which renal disease classification had been carried

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Amatori, Stefano, Oliver R. Barley, Erica Gobbi, et al. "Factors Influencing Weight Loss Practices in Italian Boxers: A Cluster Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238727.

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It is common practice in combat sports that athletes rapidly lose body weight before a match, by applying different practices—some safer and others possibly dangerous. The factors behind the choice of practices utilised have not been fully studied. This study aimed to investigate the weight loss strategies used by Italian boxers and to look at the difference between higher and lower risk practice adaptors. A modified version of a validated questionnaire has been sent to 164 amateur (88%) and professional (12%) boxers by email. A heatmap with hierarchical clustering was used to explore the pres

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Oh, Junsang, Jayoung Kim, Sanghak Lee, et al. "1H NMR Serum Metabolomic Change of Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) Is Associated with Alcoholic Liver Disease Progression." Metabolites 14, no. 1 (2024): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14010039.

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Without early detection and treatment, chronic and excessive alcohol consumption can lead to the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). With this in mind, we exploit the recent concept of the liver–gut axis and analyze the serum profile of ALD patients for identification of microbiome-derived metabolites that can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for onset of ALD. 1H-NMR was used to analyze serum metabolites of 38 ALD patients that were grouped according to their Child–Turcotte–Pugh scores (CTP): class A (CTP-A; 19), class B(CTP-B; 10), and class C (CTP-C; 9). A partial least squares-dis

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Daamen, Andrea, Amrie Grammer, and Peter Lipsky. "RELATING TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILES OF HUMAN LUPUS NEPHRITIS AND GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN LUPUS-PRONE MICE." Journal of Rheumatology 52, Suppl 1 (2025): 85.1–85. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.2025-0390.pv011.

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PV011 / #383Poster Topic:AS02 - Animal ModelsBackground/PurposeThe presentation of lupus nephritis (LN) is heterogeneous, but is thought to initiate with immune complex deposition in the kidney and acute inflammation that develops into a chronic condition resulting in end-stage renal disease. We sought to better understand the molecular features of LN through gene expression profiling of human disease and its relationship to that of a well-defined murine model of LN.MethodsHuman subjects were control (CTL) patients without kidney pathology and patients with ISN/RPI class II-V LN. The NZM2328 l

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Wei, Lili, Elaine Butterly, Jesús Rodríguez Pérez, et al. "Description of subgroup reporting in clinical trials of chronic diseases: a meta-epidemiological study." BMJ Open 14, no. 6 (2024): e081315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081315.

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IntroductionIn trials, subgroup analyses are used to examine whether treatment effects differ by important patient characteristics. However, which subgroups are most commonly reported has not been comprehensively described.Design and settingsUsing a set of trials identified from the US clinical trials register (ClinicalTrials.gov), we describe every reported subgroup for a range of conditions and drug classes.MethodsWe obtained trial characteristics from ClinicalTrials.gov via the Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov database. We subsequently obtained all corresponding PubMed-indexed paper

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Gumilang Hardandrito, Awan, and Maria Ulfah Siregar. "Classification of Senile Cataract Disease Using Convolutional Neural Network Method and Explainable Artificial Intelligence." International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) 5, no. 3 (2025): 27–36. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijse.v5i3.111.

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Senile cataract is a major cause of visual impairment in the elderly that requires technology-based diagnosis to improve detection efficiency and accuracy. This study aims to classify the severity of senile cataracts in eye fundus images using a deep learning ensemble model approach consisting of CNN Custom and MobileNetV2, as well as Explainable AI methods in the form of Grad-CAM. The underlying theory is the Convolutional Neural Network architecture as the image feature extraction model, plus the transfer learning principle in MobileNetV2, as well as the visual interpretation of Grad-CAM to

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Seidel, Markus G., Victoria K. Tesch, Linlin Yang, et al. "The Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation Activity (IDDA2.1 ‘Kaleidoscope’) Score and Other Clinical Measures in Inborn Errors of Immunity." Journal of Clinical Immunology 42, no. 3 (2021): 484–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10875-021-01177-2.

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AbstractQuantifying the phenotypic features of rare diseases such as inborn errors of immunity (IEI) helps clinicians make diagnoses, classify disorders, and objectify the disease severity at its first presentation as well as during therapy and follow-up. Furthermore, it may allow cross-sectional and cohort comparisons and support treatment decisions such as an evaluation for transplantation. On the basis of a literature review, we provide a descriptive comparison of ten selected scores and measures frequently used in IEI and divide these into three categories: (1) diagnostic tools (for Hyper-

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Jumba, Bernard Ngoitsi, Mark Webale, Judith Makwali, and Nathan Shaviya. "Predictors of Complicated Pediatric Malaria Among Children Under Five in the Vihiga Highlands, Western Kenya." African Journal of Empirical Research 6, no. 1 (2025): 895–905. https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.6.1.76.

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Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years in sub-Saharan Africa. Complicated malaria poses a significant threat, necessitating early identification of predictors for timely intervention. This study aimed to identify clinical, hematological, and cytokine profile predictors of complicated malaria among children under five years in Vihiga Highlands, Western Kenya. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 309 children. The study participants were sampled purposively and grouped in the categories. Among the 309 participants analyzed clinical groups w

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Gui, Chuan Hao, Zhunan Jia, Zihao Xing, et al. "A Study of Volatile Organic Compounds in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Metabolites 15, no. 1 (2025): 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15010042.

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Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by intermittent upper airway obstruction, leading to significant health consequences. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as polysomnography, are time-consuming and resource-intensive. Objectives: This study explores the potential of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) in identifying volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers for the non-invasive detection of OSA. Methods: Breath samples from 89 participants, including 49 OSA patients and 40 controls, were analyzed using PTR-MS. Significance

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Xu, Zhaohui, Rebecca M. Glowinski, Shira H. Cohen, et al. "79. Children with COVID-19 Demonstrate Distinct Serum Cytokines Profiles According to Clinical Presentations." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S51—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.079.

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Abstract Background Almost 4 million children have tested positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as of June 3 2021, representing 14% of all cases in USA. Children present with diverse clinical findings including the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). In this study, we measured serum cytokine concentrations in children with COVID-19 to identify differences in immune profiles according to clinical presentations. Methods A total of 133 children 0-21 years of age with COVID-19 were enrolled at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, in Columbus, Ohio. Nasopharyngeal swab RT-P

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Patel, Jaykumar, Deepesh Khandwal, Babita Choudhary, et al. "Differential Physio-Biochemical and Metabolic Responses of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Multiple Abiotic Stress Conditions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 2 (2022): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020660.

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The frequency and severity of extreme climatic conditions such as drought, salinity, cold, and heat are increasing due to climate change. Moreover, in the field, plants are affected by multiple abiotic stresses simultaneously or sequentially. Thus, it is imperative to compare the effects of stress combinations on crop plants relative to individual stresses. This study investigated the differential regulation of physio-biochemical and metabolomics parameters in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under individual (salt, drought, cold, and heat) and combined stress treatments using multivariate correla

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Shin Shin, S., H. N. Oh, J. M. Moon, H. J. Joo, W. J. Sul та C. H. Choi. "P710 Changes of gut microbiome after anti-TNF-α therapy and the prediction of clinical remission in patients with active ulcerative colitis". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (2023): i840—i841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0840.

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Abstract Background The aims of this study are to explore the changes of gut microbiome after anti-TNF-α therapy (adalimumab; ADA) and to identify biomarkers to predict clinical remission to ADA in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods Fecal samples were taken before (baseline) and after ADA administration at weeks 8 and 56 in patients with active UC. Fecal bacterial taxonomic composition and diversity were investigated by 16S sequencing and analyzed by divisive amplicon denoising algorithm version 2 (DADA2) at the level of amplicon sequence variant (ASV). The table was importe

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Epsi, Nusrat J., John H. Powers, David A. Lindholm, et al. "458. A Machine Learning Approach Identifies Distinct Early-Symptom Cluster Phenotypes Which Correlate with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Outcomes." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S331—S332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.657.

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Abstract Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a global challenge. Accurate COVID-19 prognosis remains an important aspect of clinical management. While many prognostic systems have been proposed, most are derived from analyses of individual symptoms or biomarkers. Here, we take a machine learning approach to first identify discrete clusters of early stage-symptoms which may delineate groups with distinct symptom phenotypes. We then sought to identify whether these groups correlate with subsequent disease severity. Methods The Epidemiology, Immunology, and C

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Yu, Cheng-Sheng, Chang-Hsien Lin, Yu-Jiun Lin, et al. "Clustering Heatmap for Visualizing and Exploring Complex and High-dimensional Data Related to Chronic Kidney Disease." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 2 (2020): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020403.

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Background: Preventive medicine and primary health care are essential for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) because the symptoms of CKD may not appear until the renal function is severely compromised. Early identification of the risk factors of CKD is critical for preventing kidney damage and adverse outcomes. Early recognition of rapid progression to advanced CKD in certain high-risk populations is vital. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study, the population screened and the site where the study has been performed. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to assess the pred

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Watkins, Benjamin, Yvonne Suessmuth, Kayla Betz, et al. "Transcriptomic Analysis of CD4+ T Cell Dysfunction during Gvhd: Evidence for Profound Reprograming of T Cell Signaling during Acute Gvhd That Is Controlled during CD28:CD80/86 Costimulation Blockade with Abatacept." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131955.

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Although acute graft-versus-host-disease (AGVHD) is one of the major causes of non-relapse mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT), we are still unable to predict which patients will develop the most severe form of this disease, or which molecular pathways are dysregulated in the T cells that cause disease. Thus, understanding the molecular features of AGVHD is a critical unmet need. To address this, we have performed a companion mechanistic study as a part of our completed Phase 2 trial of abatacept, a CD28:CD80/86 costimulation blockade agent, for severe AGVHD prevention (Cl

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Galli, Eugenio, Anna Modoni, Luca Battistini, et al. "Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuronal Damage during Icans in Patients Treated with Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (2023): 2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-179226.

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Background Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is the most frequent neurological toxicity occurring after treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T), with a reported incidence of around 30-50% according to different settings and products. Clinical manifestations may widely range from dizziness to seizures, and tend to achieve response with high-dose steroids. The pathogenesis of ICANS is unclear; despite some data suggest a role for endothelial activation and impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofi

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Stonko, David P., Eric W. Etchill, Katherine A. Giuliano, et al. "Failure to Rescue in Geriatric Trauma: The Impact of Any Complication Increases with Age and Injury Severity in Elderly Trauma Patients." American Surgeon 87, no. 11 (2021): 1760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00031348211054072.

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Introduction The interaction of increasing age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and complications is not well described in geriatric trauma patients. We hypothesized that failure to rescue rate from any complication worsens with age and injury severity. Methods The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was queried for injured patients aged 65 years or older from January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2016. Demographics and injury characteristics were used to compare groups. Mortality rates were calculated across subgroups of age and ISS, and captured with heatmaps. Multivariable logistic regression was

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Gao, Hangyu, Shamsul Abu Bakar, Suhardi Maulan, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Riyadh Mundher, and Khalilah Zakariya. "Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia." Land 12, no. 7 (2023): 1440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12071440.

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The rural road landscape is crucial in forming rural areas’ landscape character (LC). As a platform for portraying the rural landscape, the rural roads demonstrate the area’s unique natural and cultural characteristics to visitors. However, with the continuous development of rural areas, the rural LC has been severely impacted, thus impacting visitors’ visual experience. In order to preserve and protect the rural landscape, this study aims to assess the visual quality of rural road landscapes based on public preference and heatmap analysis. The results indicated that most of the participants h

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Ray, Arghya, Ting DU, Krishan Chauhan, Yan Song, Dharminder Chauhan, and Kenneth Anderson. "Analysis of Sars-Cov-2-Associated Proteins Identify Tank-Binding Kinase-1 As an Immunotherapeutic Target in Multiple Myeloma." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143393.

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Background and Rationale Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are at a higher risk of viral infection due to immune deficiency. Importantly, recent studies highlighted the severity of COVID-19 in MM. To date, however, the mechanism(s) underlying the lack of anti-viral immune response in MM are unclear. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a key role in both recognition of viral nucleic acid and initiating anti-viral activity via type 1 interferon (IFN) response signaling. We showed that interactions of dysfunctional pDCs with MM cells, T cells, and NK cells confer immune suppression in the

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Mafukidze, Harry Dzingai, Godliver Owomugisha, Daniel Otim, Action Nechibvute, Cloud Nyamhere, and Felix Mazunga. "Adaptive Thresholding of CNN Features for Maize Leaf Disease Classification and Severity Estimation." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (2022): 8412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178412.

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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the gold standard in the machine learning (ML) community. As a result, most of the recent studies have relied on CNNs, which have achieved higher accuracies compared with traditional machine learning approaches. From prior research, we learned that multi-class image classification models can solve leaf disease identification problems, and multi-label image classification models can solve leaf disease quantification problems (severity analysis). Historically, maize leaf disease severity analysis or quantification has always relied on domain knowledge—tha

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Carrascal Daniela, Rodríguez, Hernández Fernando, and Ramírez Carlos Darío. "DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION IN SEVERELY SICK COVID-19 PATIENTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 05 (2025): 710–14. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20950.

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This study investigates differential gene expression in severely sick COVID-19 patients to elucidate molecular mechanisms driving disease progression. Using transcriptomic data from 44 severe COVID-19 patients and 10 healthy individuals (NCBI GEO: GSE171110), we analyzed whole blood samples via DESeq2, identifying 737 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Of these, 662 were upregulated (e.g., inflammatory and antiviral pathways) and 75 downregulated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmaps revealed distinct transcriptional signatures between groups, highlighting immune dysregulation.

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Shouval, Roni, Ilan Youngster, Mika Geva, et al. "Repeated Courses of Orally Administered Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Steroid Resistant and Steroid Dependent Intestinal Acute Graft Vs. Host Disease: A Pilot Study (NCT 03214289)." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 2121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110270.

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Abstract Background: Steroid-resistant (SR) intestinal acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) is a devastating complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Preliminary reports suggest that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) administered through a nasogastric tube or colonoscopy may be an effective treatment. We report the results of a single-arm pilot study (NCT 03214289) using FMT in capsules to treat SR or steroid dependent (SD) intestinal aGVHD. Methods: The primary outcome was the occurrence of severe adverse events (SAEs) at 28 days post last FMT course. Second

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Almeida, Karoliny de Souza, Anderson Rodrigo da Silva, Natanael Marcos Lemos, et al. "Temporal progression of foliar plant diseases in corn hybrids." November 2019, no. 13(11):2019 (November 20, 2019): 1731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1458.

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The environment’s impact on foliar disease growth in annual crops and the various types of differentiation must be investigated to adapt effective disease control strategies. We studied the temporal progression of foliar disease complexes in 14 commercial corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids during the 2015/2016 crop season (Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil). The experiment consisted of 10 blocks and evaluated foliar disease severity using a diagrammatic scale. The evaluations occurred at 47, 53, 59, 74, 81 and 95 days after planting. At each time point, a plant was chosen randomly from each block (10 plants tota

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Hayajneh, Abdullah, Mohammad Shaqfeh, Erchin Serpedin, and Mitchell A. Stotland. "Unsupervised anomaly appraisal of cleft faces using a StyleGAN2-based model adaptation technique." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0288228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288228.

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A novel machine learning framework that is able to consistently detect, localize, and measure the severity of human congenital cleft lip anomalies is introduced. The ultimate goal is to fill an important clinical void: to provide an objective and clinically feasible method of gauging baseline facial deformity and the change obtained through reconstructive surgical intervention. The proposed method first employs the StyleGAN2 generative adversarial network with model adaptation to produce a normalized transformation of 125 faces, and then uses a pixel-wise subtraction approach to assess the dif

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Faruga, Łukasz, Adam Filapek, Marta Kraszewska, and Jerzy Baranowski. "Dataset for Traffic Accident Analysis in Poland: Integrating Weather Data and Sociodemographic Factors." Applied Sciences 15, no. 13 (2025): 7362. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137362.

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Road traffic accidents remain a critical public health concern worldwide, with Poland consistently experiencing high fatality rates—52 deaths per million inhabitants in 2023, compared to the EU average of 46. To investigate the underlying factors contributing to these accidents, we developed a multifactorial dataset integrating 250,000 accident records from 2015 to 2023 with spatially interpolated weather data and sociodemographic indicators. We employed Kriging interpolation to convert point-based weather station data into continuous surfaces, enabling the attribution of location-specific wea

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Afsari, Rasoul, Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian, Ali Hosseini, and Moses Karakouzian. "A CMIP6 Multi-Model Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on Severe Meteorological Droughts through Multiple Drought Indices—Case Study of Iran’s Metropolises." Water 16, no. 5 (2024): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16050711.

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This study extensively explores the impact of climate change on meteorological droughts within metropolises in Iran. Focused on Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz, this research employed CMIP6 climate models under varying climate change scenarios (SSPs) to forecast severe meteorological droughts spanning the period from 2025 to 2100. The investigation utilized a diverse set of drought indices (SPI, DI, PN, CZI, MCZI, RAI, and ZSI) to assess the drought severity in each city. This study is crucial as it addresses the pressing concerns of rapidly decreasing water levels in Iran’

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Anas, Muhammad, Irfan Ullah Khan, Rui-Ke Zhang, Shan-Shan Qi, Zhi-Cong Dai, and Dao-Lin Du. "Interactive Effect of Microplastics and Fungal Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani on Antioxidative Mechanism and Fluorescence Activity of Invasive Species Solidago canadensis." Plants 14, no. 13 (2025): 1972. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14131972.

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Microplastics and invasive species, driven by anthropogenic activities, significantly disrupt ecosystems and microbial communities. This study investigated the interactive effects of biodegradable microplastics (polylactic acid, or PLA, and polyhydroxyalkanoates, or PHAs) and the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani on the invasive plant Solidago canadensis. One plant of Solidago canadensis/pot was cultivated in forest soil amended with 1% (w/w) microplastics and/or R. solani. PLA exhibited greater toxicity than PHAs, reducing the plant height, root length, and biomass by 68%, 44%, and 70%, resp

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Zhao, Moxin, Nan Meng, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Chenxi Yu, Pengyu Lu, and Teng Zhang. "SpineHRformer: A Transformer-Based Deep Learning Model for Automatic Spine Deformity Assessment with Prospective Validation." Bioengineering 10, no. 11 (2023): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10111333.

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The Cobb angle (CA) serves as the principal method for assessing spinal deformity, but manual measurements of the CA are time-consuming and susceptible to inter- and intra-observer variability. While learning-based methods, such as SpineHRNet+, have demonstrated potential in automating CA measurement, their accuracy can be influenced by the severity of spinal deformity, image quality, relative position of rib and vertebrae, etc. Our aim is to create a reliable learning-based approach that provides consistent and highly accurate measurements of the CA from posteroanterior (PA) X-rays, surpassin

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Abdel Latef, Arafat Abdel Hamed, Ayasha Akter, and Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif. "Foliar Application of Auxin or Cytokinin Can Confer Salinity Stress Tolerance in Vicia faba L." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (2021): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040790.

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Soil salinity severely declines the availability of water and essential minerals to the plants, which hinders growth. The present study evaluates the potential roles of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) for mitigating the adverse effects of soil-salinity in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Plants were exposed to 150 mM NaCl stress and were sprayed with IAA (1.15 mM) or BA (0.9 mM). Our results revealed that foliar application of IAA or BA improved the growth traits of salinized faba bean due to the increased uptake of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions, accumulation of free amino acids, solub

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Roshan, Shetty, N. Prasad S, V. Manjunatha D, Veeraprathap V, Shahapur Vasudev, and S. Shwetha M. "Intermediate Learning-Based Attention Regulated Densenet for Diagnosis of Covid-19." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 16, no. 6 (2023): 427–34. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v16i6.1001.

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ABSTRACT <strong>Objectives:</strong> The AI-based Computer-Aided-Diagnosis of Chest X-Rays related to COVID-19 is very essential. Here we present an Attention regulated Pre-trained DenseNet-121with intermediate transfer learning as a Chest X-Ray image classifier to classify images according to three labels: COVID-19, pneumonia, and normal.<strong> Methods:</strong> We are proposing a new Attention regulated ImageNet pre-trained DenseNet-121 neural network architecture, which is retrained on NIH ChestX-ray14 data as an intermediate database before the actual COVID- 19 database.

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Kuret, Tadeja, Igor Sterle, Rok Romih, and Peter Veranič. "Matched serum- and urine-derived biomarkers of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0309815. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309815.

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Setting up the correct diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the bladder, is a challenge, as there are neither diagnostic criteria nor reliable and non-invasive disease biomarkers available. The aim of the present study was to simultaneously determine matched serum- and urine-derived biomarkers of IC/BPS, which would provide additional insights into disease mechanisms and set the basis for further biomarker validation. Our study included 12 female patients with IC/BPS and 12 healthy controls. A total of 33 different biomarkers were

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Ashraf Soliman, Laila Baker, Fawzia Alyafei, et al. "Macrocephaly in children: A comprehensive review of etiologies, MRI features, clinical, biochemical, genetic correlates, and prognostic implications." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 3 (2025): 317–39. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2025.23.3.0182.

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Background: Macrocephaly, defined as a head circumference >+2 SD for age and sex, is a common pediatric finding with a wide differential diagnosis. While often benign, it can signal underlying genetic syndromes, metabolic disorders, neurodevelopmental conditions, or structural brain abnormalities. This review synthesizes 25 years of literature to delineate the etiological, clinical, biochemical, hormonal, and radiological spectrum of pediatric macrocephaly. Objectives: To classify the etiologies of macrocephaly in children; describe the associated MRI patterns; correlate neuroimaging with c

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Sidana, Surbhi, Gita Thanarajasingam, Joan Griffin, et al. "Patient Experience of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Therapy Vs. Stem Cell Transplant: Longitudinal Patient Reported Adverse Events, Cognition and Quality of Life." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-121715.

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Introduction: With the expanding use of CAR-T cell therapy, which is associated with serious adverse effects (AEs), there is a need to characterize the patient's experience over time to guide patient/provider education, and help optimize symptom management. This study reports on longitudinal evaluation of patient-reported quality of life (QOL) and symptom burden of CAR-T cell therapy compared with established forms of cellular therapy i.e autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT) and allogeneic SCT (alloSCT). Methods: Patients with hematologic malignancies were prospectively recruited in three

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Huang, Zhaoyang, Feng Wang, Hongjian You, and Yuxin Hu. "STC-Det: A Slender Target Detector Combining Shadow and Target Information in Optical Satellite Images." Remote Sensing 13, no. 20 (2021): 4183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204183.

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Object detection has made great progress. However, due to the unique imaging method of optical satellite remote sensing, the detection of slender targets is still insufficient. Specifically, the perspective of optical satellites is small, and the characteristics of slender targets are severely lost during imaging, resulting in insufficient detection task information; at the same time, the appearance of slender targets in the image is greatly affected by the satellite perspective, which is likely to cause insufficient generalization capabilities of conventional detection models. In response to

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Boudreaux, Chantelle, Emily B. Wroe, Ada Thapa, et al. "Organization of services for severe chronic Noncommunicable diseases at first-level hospitals in nine lower-income countries: Results from a Baseline assessment of PEN-Plus initiation." PLOS Global Public Health 5, no. 5 (2025): e0004552. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004552.

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Severe chronic noncommunicable diseases pose a significant health burden and challenges for health systems globally. This study aims to advance our understanding of the current organization of care for these conditions in low and lower-middle-income countries. The study was conducted as part of a baseline assessment of facilities prior to the initiation of the Package of Essential NCD Interventions -Plus (PEN-Plus) strategy, which is designed to enhance outpatient care for conditions including rheumatic and congenital heart disease, sickle cell disease, type 1 diabetes, severe asthma, and adva

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Ghosh, Nilasha, Michael Postow, Chengsong Zhu, et al. "Lower baseline autoantibody levels are associated with immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibition." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 10, no. 1 (2022): e004008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-004008.

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IntroductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are a novel cancer therapeutic that have been successful in treating advanced malignancies; however, they also cause immune-related adverse events (irAE). Given that some irAE are clinically similar to traditional autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies have been suggested as possible biomarkers of irAE. However, there are very little data on autoantibody investigation prior to ICI. Our aim was to determine if specific baseline autoantibodies were associated with irAE and see if changes in autoantibody concentration corresponded with irAE development.

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Brockhage, Frauke, Mientje Lüsse, Jörg Klasmeier, Verena Pietzner, and Marco Beeken. "Citizen Science as an Innovative Approach to Analyze Spatial and Temporal Influences on Nitrate Pollution of Water Bodies: Results of a Participatory Research Project in Germany." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159516.

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Anthropogenic influences and the excessive input of reactive nitrogen compounds into the environment have already severely destabilized the natural nitrogen cycle. Especially in northwestern Germany, many water bodies are polluted by nitrate, inducing negative effects on the ecosystem and drinking water as well as possible risks to human health. In cooperation with almost 600 citizens and 200 students, this issue was addressed in a citizen science project carried out by the Universities of Osnabrück and Oldenburg, gathering 8754 nitrate measurements at 545 monitoring sites from September 2019

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Espinosa, Luis Angel, and Maria Manuela Portela. "Red-Hot Portugal: Mapping the Increasing Severity of Exceptional Maximum Temperature Events (1980–2024)." April 28, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050514.

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Abstract This study examines exceptional maximum temperature (T<sub>max</sub>) events in mainland Portugal (1980–2024) using ERA5-Land reanalysis data at 1012 locations. To assess changes in the occurrence and temperature excess of exceptional events across two 22-year subperiods (or phases), percentile-based thresholds were adopted. An inventive severity heatmap is used to illustrate exceptional T<sub>max</sub> changes between the two phases, which constitutes an addition to climate change research. Locations are categorised in the heatmap according to whether they experienced (i)

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