Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920"

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Watts, Nicole. "Expanding Kurdish Studies: A Review Essay." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 32, no. 1 (1998): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400036117.

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The Failure to Implement the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres thwarted Kurdish hopes for their own state, but it did not write the Kurds out of history. From Sheikh Said’s rebellion against the Turks in 1925 to the legendary Mulla Mustafa Barzani and his son Massud, Kurds have grabbed the occasional headline and challenged central authorities more or less continually throughout the 20th century. Conversely, and in less chronicled fashion, they have also played powerful roles in consolidating state rule. Only after the Gulf War in 1991, however, did Kurds begin receiving sustained western attention and, in the last three years in particular, a new flood of articles and books by academics and journalists has swelled periodicals and library shelves. The Middle East Studies Association’s annual conferences from 1995 to 1997 all featured panels devoted to Kurds and Kurdish politics; at the MESA conference in San Francisco last December, papers concerning Kurds were also presented on thematic panels dealing with such diverse subjects as nationalism in the Middle East and youth in Turkey.
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Armaoğlu, Fahir. "Amerika, Sèvres Antlaşması ve "Ermenistan" Sınırları." Belleten 61, no. 230 (April 1, 1997): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1997.133.

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I. Dünya Savaşı'nı sona erdiren barış antlaşmalarını hazırlamak üzere 1919 Ocak ayında toplantılarına başlayan Paris Barış Konferansı'nda Birleşik Amerika'nın Osmanlı Devleti'yle ilgili faaliyetlerini, Sèvres öncesi ve Sèvres Sonrası diye ikiye ayırmak gerekmektedir. Başka bir deyişle, birincisi 1919 yılını kapsamakta, ikincisi de 1920 yılına ait bulunmaktadır.
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Cicek, Hüseyin I. "Der Friedensvertrag von Sèvres 1920 und die osmanische Haltung." Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte Österreichs 1 (2019): 444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/brgoe2019-2s444.

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Karčić, Hamza. "Sèvres at 100: The Peace Treaty that Partitioned the Ottoman Empire." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 40, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 470–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2020.1813988.

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Laurin, Isabelle. "L’Atelier de faïence de la manufacture de Sèvres 1920-1930." Sèvres. Revue de la Société des amis du Musée national de la céramique 13, no. 1 (2004): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sevre.2004.1466.

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KRUTIKOV, Anton. "The Bolsheviks and the Tartu Peace Treaty of 1920." Perspectives and prospects. E-journal, no. 1 (21) (2020): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.32726/2411-3417-2020-1-97-112.

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For the Russian Soviet Republic and Estonia, the conclusion of the Tartu Peace Treaty resolved a whole range of diplomatic, military and economic problems, which have traditionally attracted attention of historians. However, the treaty did not serve as an act of equitable ending to the Civil War and helped lay the foundations for today's disagreements between Estonians and Russians. Having gone down in history as a monument to Bolsheviks’ party ambitions and early Soviet diplomacy, the treaty not only acquired the status of an important historical artifact. 100 years later, the Tartu Treaty is still an instrument of political manipulation and a matter of controversy for politicians and diplomats.
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Putz, Orsolya. "Metaphor evolution and survival in Hungarian public discourse on the Trianon peace treaty." Metaphor and the Social World 6, no. 2 (October 14, 2016): 276–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.6.2.05put.

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The peace Treaty of Trianon, which was signed by the representatives of Hungary and the Allies in 1920, caused substantial economic, political and social changes in the life of the Hungarian nation. The paper explores how far these changes have been conceptualized by conceptual metaphors in Hungarian public discourse from 1920 to the present day. Specifically, it looks at whether there is a conventionalized metaphoric conceptual system concerning the treaty, which began (or was current) in 1920 and has been developing for almost a hundred years. The paper applies a qualitative approach to a small corpus of written texts. The corpus contains twenty texts, which are taken from four different categories of public discourse (political, academic, informative and media) and four time periods (1920–1945, 1945–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–2015). The paper concludes that, within the public discourse on the consequences of the Trianon peace treaty, the same metaphors have fundamentally survived over nine decades. This conceptual history of metaphors suggests heavy conventionalization, which can play a crucial role in the survival of a certain mental image of the nation and in maintaining negative emotions about the treaty. It also suggests that the Trianon frame is still an essential part of Hungarian national identity.
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Mikhailova, Yulia. "“Remembering Historical Anniversary…”: the Riga Peace Treaty of 1920 in the Latvian Press, 1988—1990." ISTORIYA 13, no. 10 (120) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840023400-9.

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The article considers the mechanisms of formation of historical memory about the peace treaty concluded between the RSFSR and the Republic of Latvia on August 11, 1920. The construction of historical memory about this peace treaty became an important part of the concept of political development in Latvia in the late Soviet era (1988—1990). This was based on the idea of restoring sovereignty. During the period of Perestroika, the idea of the legitimacy of the Soviet-Latvian peace treaty formed the basis for the formation of ideas about the statehood of Latvia and helped to build the concept of state continuity — from the First Republic to a sovereign state, reviving as a result of the collapse of the Soviet empire. The text of the agreement of August 11, 1920 was used in the declaration of the Supreme Council of the Latvian SSR of May 4, 1990 “On the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Latvia”. On August 21, 1991, the Supreme Council of Latvia adopted an act on the succession and legal identity of the Republic of Latvia 1918—1940 and modern Latvia. The inclusion of the treaty of 1920 in the so-called statehood continuity doctrine in modern Latvia is an attempt to overcome the difficult historical past associated with the loss of independence in 1940 and build a concept of legitimate international relations, in which the 1920 treaty plays one of the main roles as the basis for the birth of the sovereign Republic of Latvia.
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Kucherepa, M. M. "Warsaw treaty of 1920: genesis, problems and results." Litopys Volyni, no. 21 (2019): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2305-9389/2020.21.16.

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Matviienko, Matviienko, and Mykola Doroshko. "The 1920 Ukrainian-Polish Alliance and Its Implications." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-3.

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The article describes the internal political situation in the UPR and Poland before the conclusion of the Treaty of Warsaw in 1920. The authors argue that in the context of the end of World War I and the rebuilding of the world geopolitical order the UPR and the Republic of Poland were destined to establish allied relations with a view to strengthening their restored statehood and ensuring security in the Baltic-Black Sea region. However, the signature of the Treaty of Warsaw failed to preserve stable interstate cooperation between Ukraine and Poland due to a range of internal political and external factors. This situation cast a shadow over the preservation of the independence of the UPR and Ukrainian-Polish partnership. The military and political alliance of Ukraine and Poland broke apart due to inextricable external and internal aspects. It was a rearguard action and could not struggle against the strengthened Bolshevist Russia without the support of the Entente states. In the meantime, the 1920 Treaty of Warsaw was significant not only for Ukrainians who continued to fight for the independence of the UPR with the assistance of Poland until the end of 1921. The authors assume that the joint opposition of Ukraine and Poland in the summer of 1920 dashed the Kremlin’s marches on Poland, Romania, and Germany that could turn into a tragedy for those states and Europe as a whole. The authors stress that the Baltic states such as Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania gained their independence because of the military and political alliance of Ukraine and Poland and its struggle against the Bolshevist Russia. Poland got a chance to strengthen its statehood, as Moscow was significantly weakened by the war with the UPR and peasants’ insurrections in Ukraine. Keywords: UPR, Republic of Poland, Entente, Treaty of Warsaw, allied relations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920"

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Snider-Giovannone, Marie-Noëlle. "Les Forces alliées et associées en Extrême-Orient, 1918-1920. Les soldats austro-hongrois." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT5009.

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Cette thèse intitulée : Les Forces alliées et associées en Extrême-Orient, 1918-1920 - Les soldats austro-hongrois, concerne un épisode fort méconnu de la Première Guerre mondiale, terminée par le décret du 24 octobre 1919. « Quiconque, écrit M. George F. Kennan, tente de donner, sous un petit format, une idée valable des origines de l'intervention alliée en Sibérie, s'impose une tâche presque impossible » . Le retour en 1920 d'un soldat austro-hongrois italophone, en provenance de Chine, a généré cette thèse, il interpelle et interroge. Que sont allées faire les Forces alliées et associées en Russie en 1918 ? Les raisons de l'intervention se définissaient dans la reconstitution d'un front oriental pour soulager le front occidental, le soutien aux Armées blanches luttant contre les Armées rouges, le rapatriement des Légionnaires tchéco-slovaques. Mais il n'en fut rien. Dans ce conflit, le nationalisme utilisé et galvaudé servit à Masaryk pour fonder la première République tchéco-slovaque, le 28 octobre 1918. Les pays de l'Entente et les États-Unis qui l'ont soutenu dans cette démarche n'ont poursuivi qu'un objectif, le démantèlement de l'Empire austro-hongrois. Outre la fin des Habsbourg, l'Entente ainsi que celles et ceux qui détenaient le pouvoir décisionnel voulaient la disparition des monarchies, excepté celle de l'Empire britannique. Tandis que les soldats des corps expéditionnaires français, britannique et italien, aidés des Légionnaires tchéco-slovaques, combattaient les bolcheviks, Alliés et associés négociaient avec le pouvoir de Lénine. Le refus de l'Occident de reconnaître le gouvernement de l'amiral Koltchak, le fit échouer. Trahi, livré aux maximalistes d'Irkoutsk par les Tchèques, il fut exécuté le 7 février 1920. L'intervention des Forces alliées et associées en Extrême-Orient ciblait un objectif politico-économique. À la fin de 1919, le Conseil supérieur interallié (C.S.I.) rapatria d'abord les corps expéditionnaires, et seulement ensuite les prisonniers. À leur retour, les détenus austro-hongrois italophones connurent de douloureuses difficultés en Italie
The title of my thesis: The Allied and Associated Forces in the Far East, 1918 to 1920, The Austro-Hungarian Soldiers, is about a greatly ignored event of the First World War which was ended by a decree on October 24, 1919. “Whoever, writes Mr. George F. Kennan, attempts to describe in a brief manner, a valid idea of the beginning of the Allied intervention in Siberia, is taking on an almost impossible task”.The return in 1920 of an Italian speaking Austro-Hungarian soldier, coming from China, generated this thesis as he challenges and questions. What were the Allied and Associated Forces going to do in Russia in 1918? The reasons for the intervention were explained as: the reorganization of the Eastern Front to bring some relief to the Western Front, the support of the White Armies against the Red Armies and the sending of the Czechoslovakian Legionnaires back to their home. But none of this happened.In this conflict, the employed and misused nationalism helped Masaryk establish the first Czechoslovakian Republic on October 28, 1918. The countries of the Entente and the United States which supported him in this endeavor had only one objective in mind, the dismantling of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Besides the end of the Hapsburgs, the Entente as well as those who held decisive power wanted the disappearance of monarchies except the one of the British Empire. While the French, British and Italian Expeditionary Forces helped the Czechoslovakian Legionnaires fight the soldiers of the Red Army, the Allied and Associated Forces negotiated with Lenin. The refusal of the West to recognize Admiral Koltchak's government led to his fall. Betrayed and turned over to the Bolsheviks of Irkutsk by the Czechs, he was executed February 7, 1920.The objective of the intervention by the Allied and Associated Forces in the Far East was essentially political and economic. At the end of 1919, the Interallied Superior Counsel (C.S.I.) first sent home the Expeditionary Forces and only later the prisoners. Upon their return, the Italian speaking Austro-Hungarian detainees were confronted with many painful obstacles and difficulties in Italy
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Dakessian, Rodney. "Les effets juridiques des massacres commis contre les Armeniens en 1915 et leurs modes de resolutions judiciaires et extrajudiciaires possibles." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30096/document.

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Ma thèse vise en premier ressort à étudier toutes les questions juridiques concernant la ‘question arménienne’.D’abord, le sujet de l’existence des éléments du crime de génocide en 1915 au niveau du droit international conventionnel a été notre première question à étudier. Ensuite, il était indispensable d’étudier la nature du crime commis envers les Arméniens ottomans en 1915.En plus, est-ce que l’Etat Turc actuel peut-il être responsable d’un crime commis par l’Empire ottoman, selon le principe de la succession d’Etats en droit international, surtout que l’Etat Turc n’était créé qu’en 1923 ? Et en cas de l’existence de cette responsabilité, est-ce que l’Arménie a droit à l’action en responsabilité, surtout qu’au moment de la perpétration du crime, il n’y avait pas un Etat Arménien ? Les victimes étaient des ressortissants de l’Empire ottoman mais d’origine arménienne. Donc il faudra étudier la qualité de l’Arménie pour agir en justice, par des moyens judiciaires ou extrajudiciaires, vis-à-vis surtout du principe de la non-rétroactivité des traités, surtout que dans notre cas, le crime a été perpétré en 1915, alors que la Convention sur le génocide n’a été promulguée qu’en 1948.En fait, notre thèse vise en dernier ressort à rapprocher les deux pays et mettre fin réellement au conflit entre eux, à percevoir ce qui les rassemblent et non ce qui les divisent, et trouver une solution équitable et objective pour les deux pays afin de contribuer à mettre fin à leur litige historique, et cela à travers une étude réaliste, impartiale et basée sur la logique et la nature des choses et des circonstances du fait existantes
The main purpose of my thesis is to study all the legal issues concerning the 'Armenian question'.First, the existence of the elements of the crime of genocide in 1915 at the conventional international law, made our first question to consider. Then, it was necessary to study the nature of the crime committed against the Ottoman Armenians in 1915.In addition, can Turkey be responsible for a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire, according to the principle of succession of States in international law, especially that the Turkish state was created in 1923?And in case of such responsibility, has Armenia the right to maintain a lawsuit against Turkey, especially at the time of the crime, there was no Armenian state?The victims were citizens of the Ottoman Empire but of Armenian descent.Also, the quality of Armenia to take legal action, by judicial or extrajudicial processes, must be studied, regarding especially to the principle of non-retroactivity of treaties, especially that in our case, the crime was committed in 1915, while the Genocide Convention was enacted in 1948.In fact, our thesis aims ultimately to bring the two countries closer and actually try to help reach the end of the conflict between them, perceive what gather them and not what divides them, and find a fair and objective solution for both countries, in order to help put an end to their historic dispute, and that through a realistic and impartial study, based on logic and the nature of things and the circumstances of the existing
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Zamrzla, Martin. "Velká Británie a mandátní území Mezopotámie, 1918-1926." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448981.

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The master thesis focuses on a more detailed analysis of the premises of British politics in relation to the Middle East after the First World War. Attention is focused especially on the territory of Mesopotamia, which is the center of all actions of neighboring states and the interests of the great powers. The thesis also includes the events of the war and the subsequent diplomatic negotiations held mostly at the Paris Peace Conference. Everything is viewed mainly from the perspective of British Empire and it's leaders. The finall goal of the work is to anchor the British mandates in the geographical area of the Middle East to the Ankara Agreement.
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Destroismaisons, Martin. "L'occupation de la Ruhr et le révisionnisme de l'ordre versaillais dans deux grands journaux français (1920-1924)." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7699.

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Books on the topic "Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920"

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Sevri paymanagirě ev hay hasarakakan-kʻaghakʻakan mitkʻě. Erevan: HH GAA "Gitutʻyun", 2004.

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Tolon, A. Hurşit. Sevr'e giden yol. İstanbul: Günal Basım Yayın, 2005.

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Sardarapatitsʻ minchʻev Sevr ev Lozan: Kʻaghakʻakan ōragir, 1919-1927. Erevan: Erevani Hamalsarani Hratarakchʻutʻyun, 2001.

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author, Yıldırım Seyfi, ed. Arşiv vesikalarına göre 1921 Londra Konferansı: Tutanaklar-belgeler. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil, ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, 2018.

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Banken, Roland. Die Verträge von Sèvres 1920 und Lausanne 1923: Eine völkerrechtliche Untersuchung zur Beendigung des Ersten Weltkrieges und zur Auflösung der sogenannten "Orientalischen Frage" durch die Friedensverträge zwischen den alliierten Mächten und der Türkei. Berlin: Lit, 2014.

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Kürtçülük (1787-1923). Yenişehir, Ankara: Bilgi Yayınevi, 2007.

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Lozan günlüğü: Lozan Barış Konferansı ve barış antlaşması sürecinin belgesel kronolojisi (1922-1923). Ankara: Bilgi yayınevi, 2012.

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Francois, Boulet, and Habsbourg Otto de, eds. Les traités de paix de 1919-1920 et l'Europe au XXe siècle: Versailles, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Trianon, Sèvres : [actes des colloques internationaux, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Château-Musée d'archéologie nationale, 13 novembre 1999 et 21 mai 2005]. [Paris]: Les Presses franciliennes, 2007.

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Office, Great Britain Foreign, ed. İngiliz belgeleriyle Sevr'den Lozan'a: Dünden bugüne değişen ne var? İstanbul: Doğan Kitap, 2007.

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G, Barsegov I͡U. Arbitrazhnoe reshenie prezidenta SShA po armi͡ano-turet͡skoĭ granit͡se: Politicheskiĭ i mezhdunarodno-pravovoĭ kommentariĭ. Erevan: Biblioteka t͡sentra russko-armi͡anskikh init͡siativ, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920"

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Sandground, Lauren. "The Division of an Empire and the Treaty of Sèvres." In Global Encyclopedia of Territorial Rights, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68846-6_633-1.

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McMillan, M. E. "From Sykes-Picot to the Treaty of Sèvres: Betrayals, Backstabbing, and Broken Promises." In From the First World War to the Arab Spring, 93–99. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137522023_11.

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Schulz, Gerhard. "The unratified Treaty of Sevres and the Near East." In Revolutions and Peace Treaties 1917–1920, 208–21. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003227434-16.

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Schulz, Gerhard. "The appearance of the German delegation and the Treaty of Versailles." In Revolutions and Peace Treaties 1917–1920, 175–93. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003227434-14.

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Hassencahl, Fran. "Fears of Dissolution and Loss: Orhan Pamuk’s Characters in Relation to the Treaty of Sèvres." In Language and Literature in a Glocal World, 177–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8468-3_11.

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Ambrosius, Lloyd E. "Woodrow Wilson’s Health and the Treaty Fight, 1919–1920." In Wilsonianism, 137–44. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403970046_11.

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Schulz, Gerhard. "From the declaration of Wilson's Fourteen Points to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk." In Revolutions and Peace Treaties 1917–1920, 83–94. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003227434-7.

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Lyons, Michael J., and David J. Ulbrich. "The Great War and the Treaty of Versailles, 1914–1920." In World War II, 1–24. 6th ed. Sixth edition | New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429054990-1.

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MacArthur-Seal, Daniel-Joseph. "1918–1920." In Britain's Levantine Empire, 1914-1923, 137–50. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895769.003.0011.

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The sub-chapter traces major military and political developments in the eastern Mediterranean in 1918–1920, beginning with the arrival of British and Allied forces in Istanbul. It sketches out the political debate over the future of the city and wider Ottoman Empire through the series of Allied diplomatic meetings that set out the terms of what would become the Treaty of Sèvres. The chapter also summarises developments in Anatolia following the Greek occupation of Izmir in May 1919, the reaction to which crystalized the emerging nationalist movement in Anatolia, and in southern Russia and the Caucasus, where Bolshevik and White Russian forces competed for control with non-Russian national movements. Finally, it outlines the political debate over the future of Egypt and the impact of the revolution of 1919, one of a growing number of anti-colonial uprisings which Britain was forced to contend with in the period.
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Luke, Christina. "Preference in Paris." In A Pearl in Peril, 41–77. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498870.003.0003.

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The pursuit of knowledge, cultural relations and diplomatic practice are discussed in this chapter in the context of the Treaty of Sèvres, the framing the League of Nations, and the role of early twentieth-century philanthropy and academia. The boundaries of where European and US scholars and businessmen penetrated Anatolia are defined as much by the lure of antiquity, recalling the vision of the Megali Idea, as by political posturing and economic gain embedded in the Wilsonian agenda. I trace the strategic diplomacy of the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA), Learned Societies, and two members of the Princeton Expedition to Sardis, Howard Crosby Butler and William Hepburn Buckler, during the 1919 Paris Peace Conference and the Turkish War of Independence. I argue that colonial networks writ large framed the nineteenth-century Western gaze of entitlement that underwrote duplicitous claims to Anatolian soil between 1919 and 1922.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sèvres, Treaty of, 1920"

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SIMONE, Pierluigi. "THE RECASTING OF THE OTTOMAN PUBLIC DEBT AND THE ABOLITION OF THE CAPITULATIONS REGIME IN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ACTION OF TURKEY LED BY MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.64.

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The recast of the international debt contracted by the former Ottoman Empire and the overcoming of the capitulations regime that had afflicted Turkey for centuries, are two of the most relevant sectors in which the political and diplomatic action promoted by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk has been expressed. Extremely relevant in this regard are the different disciplines established, respectively, by the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920 and then by the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. After the Ottoman Government defaulted in 1875, an agreement (the Decree of Muharrem) was concluded in 1881 between the Ottoman Government and representatives of its foreign and domestic creditors for the resumption of payments on Ottoman bonds, and a European control of a part of the Imperial revenues was instituted through the Administration of the Ottoman Public Debt. At the same time, the Ottoman Empire was burdened by capitulations, conferring rights and privileges in favour of their subjects resident or trading in the Ottoman lands, following the policy towards European States of the Byzantine Empire. According to these capitulations, traders entering the Ottoman Empire were exempt from local prosecution, local taxation, local conscription, and the searching of their domicile. The capitulations were initially made during the Ottoman Empire’s military dominance, to entice and encourage commercial exchanges with Western merchants. However, after dominance shifted to Europe, significant economic and political advantages were granted to the European Powers by the Ottoman Empire. Both regimes, substantially maintained by the Treaty of Sèvres, were considered unacceptable by the Nationalist Movement led by Mustafa Kemal and therefore became the subject of negotiations during the Conference of Lausanne. The definitive overcoming of both of them, therefore represents one of the most evident examples of the reacquisition of the full sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey.
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Brahina, T., O. Bilyk, and Y. Brahin. "THE MEMORIALISATION OF PILSUDSKI – PETLIURA TREATY OF 1920." In POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT AREAS AND TRENDS IN UKRAINE AND EU. Baltija Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-91-4-10.

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