Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination

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Academic literature on the topic 'Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination"

1

Mohammadi Galangash, Mohsen, Mostafa Mahdavianpour, and Samira Ghafouri Safa. "Characterization of an Industrial Sewage Sludge and Its Evaluation for Land Application." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 12, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.12.5.536.1.

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Background: Sewage treatment leads to the production of large amount of sludge, containing organic matter and nutrients and considering requirements for recycling could be used as fertilizer. The sludge may also contain various pollutants that pose serious harm to human health and the environment. This study aimed at characterizing the industrial sewage sludge and evaluating its capability as fertilizer with no or a minor pretreatment. Methods: The sludge’s organic matter and nutrient contents, heavy metals, organic and microbial contaminants were determined and compared to literature data and international guidelines. Results: The organic matter, nutrients, phosphorous, and exchangeable potassium contents of the sludge samples were significantly high as follows: 33.6 ± 2.85 %, 6.29 ± 0.16 %, 1.41± 0.01 % and 1.236 g/kg, respectively. The concentration of heavy metals was 94.3 ± 59.5 mg/kg. The concentration of heavy metals, organic contaminants, such as PCBs, BTEX, and PAHs, and microbial contents (coliforms & E. coli) were lower than those reported by other studies. Toluene concentration was high. Conclusions: All characteristics of the sludge samples, except for the toluene and microbial contaminations, were acceptable for its use as land fertilizer. Both toluene and microbial contaminants can be removed, using thermal conditioning as a pretreatment.
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Orzolek, Michael D., and John H. Murphy. "633 PB 493 EFFECT-OF COMPOSTED SEWAGE SLUDGE ON VEGETABLE PRODUCITON." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 523b—523. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.523b.

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A long term study was initiated in 1993 to evaluate the effect of composted sewage sludge on growth, yield, and quality of different vegetables. The composted sewage sludge consisting of 40% hardwood sawdust and 60% clean municipal wastewater sludge was obtained from the University Area Joint Authority (UAJA) in State College, PA. The composted sewage sludge is currently sold by UAJA as a fertilizer amendment under the name CornposT. Two rates of the ComposT product (11 and 22 dry T/A) were compared to a granular fertilizer application of 800 lbs/A of 10-10-10. The low rate of ComposT also received half of the fertilizer rate. After incorporation of the amendments into a Hagerstown clay loam soil, lettuce, tomato, muskmelon, cabbage and pepper were transplanted in the field in a Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. ComposT application did not reduce yield or quality of cabbage, lettuce tomato,and muskmelon; in fact, yields were generally higher with the application of composted sewage sludge. The application of ComposT did not reduce the macro or micro nutrient concentration of leaf tissue below optimum levels nor did it result in any phytotoxic effects in plant growth. In addition, the application of ComposT did not increase the heavy metal (Cd, Ni, Pb) concentration in leaf tissue or increase the risk of microbial contamination in the edible portion of the vegetables.
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Major, Nikola, Jasper Schierstaedt, Sven Jechalke, Joseph Nesme, Smiljana Goreta Ban, Marko Černe, Søren J. Sørensen, Dean Ban, and Adam Schikora. "Composted Sewage Sludge Influences the Microbiome and Persistence of Human Pathogens in Soil." Microorganisms 8, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071020.

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Composted sewage sludge (CSS) gained attention as a potential fertilizer in agriculture. Application of CSS increases soil microbial activity and microbial biomass, however, it can also lead to increased chemical and microbiological risks. In this study, we performed microcosm experiments to assess how CSS reshapes the microbial community of diluvial sand (DS) soil. Further, we assessed the potential of CSS to increase the persistence of human pathogens in DS soil and the colonization of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt). The results revealed that CSS substantially altered the prokaryotic community composition. Moreover, addition of CSS increased the persistence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain 14028s and S. enterica serovar Senftenberg in DS soil. However, the enhanced persistence in soil had no impact on the colonization rate of B. rapa grown on soil inoculated with Salmonella. We detected Salmonella in leaves of 1.9% to 3.6% of plants. Addition of CSS had no impact on the plant colonization rate. The use of sewage sludge composts is an interesting option. However, safety measures should be applied in order to avoid contamination of crop plants by human pathogens.
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Ondreičková, Katarína, Marcela Gubišová, Jozef Gubiš, Lenka Klčová, and Miroslav Horník. "Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities of Arundo Donax Grown in Soil Fertilised with Sewage Sludge and Agricultural by-Products." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 65, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2019-0004.

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Abstract Application of sewage sludge to soil is a potentially inexpensive source of nutrition for plants, but may contain undesirable and toxic substances, e.g. heavy metals. Alterations in microbial communities can serve as an environmental indicator of possible soil contamination. We used two molecular fingerprinting methods (Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis, ARISA and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, T-RFLP) to study changes in the genetic diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of Arundo donax L. cultivated in the soil fertilised with additive based on sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant and agricultural by-products represented by crushed corn hobs and wastes from grain mill industry. The metagenomic DNA extracted from rhizosphere samples were collected in August and November 2014. The amount of mgDNA was statistically higher in samples with additive than in control samples without it in both dates. The Venn diagrams showed that operational taxonomic units which were common to all samples were represented in 32.8% in ARISA and 43.4% in T-RFLP. However, based on Principal component analysis and subsequent PERMANOVA statistical tests did not confirm significant differences in the rhizosphere of control plants and plants grown in the soil supplemented with sewage sludge in dose 5 and 15 t/ha present in the additive.
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5

Karaca, Ayten, David Naseby, and James Lynch. "Effect of cadmium contamination with sewage sludge and phosphate fertiliser amendments on soil enzyme activities, microbial structure and available cadmium." Biology and Fertility of Soils 35, no. 6 (July 1, 2002): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0490-4.

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6

DOUAER, Naima, Abdelkader DOUAOUI, Madjid MEHAIGUENE, Mohamed ZOUIDI, and Wiem HAMZA. "The effect of municipal sewage sludge on properties physicochemical and microbial agricultural soil." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 13, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 10804. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb13110804.

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The organic matter content of sludge can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil ensuring better cultivation and good agricultural productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge on the main physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The sludge was spread in an agricultural field in Ain defla (Algeria) cultivated with a tomato crop (‘Panikra’) in four treatments: (T): soil without sewage sludge and without mineral fertilization, (B): soil with sewage sludge, (E): soil with mineral fertilization, (B + E): soil with sewage sludge and mineral fertilization. For this, several physical, chemical and microbiological properties were analyzed on the residual sludge used and the soils collected in the studied plots. The results show that the sludge used does not exhibit any toxicity and that the treatment with the sewage sludge with the fertilizer used on the agricultural soil forms a better compost for improving the physicochemical quality of the soil compared to the other treatments. The application of sewage sludge also can accelerate microbial activity by increasing the number of bacteria, fungi and azotobacter.
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Nicolle, L., and M. Miller. "Wasting Away: To Sludge or Not to Sludge?" Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 12, no. 4 (2001): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/581010.

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Following a century of high standards of sanitation, food and water safety in North America are often taken for granted. Recent outbreaks of illness attributed to food and water contamination, however, have challenged this complacency. Now, sludge is added to the list of concerns. Sewage sludge is the muddy substance that remains after the treatment of municipal sewage. This material includes not only human waste, but also household and industrial toxic wastes disposed of in local sewers. Federal and provincial Canadian regulations support the use of this material as fertilizer, within acceptable guidelines, as does the Environmental Protection Agency in the United States. The safety of sludge, however, is questioned by some individuals and groups. Specifically, the risk of infectious agents and toxins to workers or other exposed individuals, and the potential for heavy metals and organic chemicals to be transferred from sludge-treated fields into crops are concerns.
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Lima, J. A., E. Nahas, and A. C. Gomes. "Microbial populations and activities in sewage sludge and phosphate fertilizer-amended soil." Applied Soil Ecology 4, no. 1 (July 1996): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0929-1393(96)00094-7.

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9

Arora, A., and S. Saxena. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Anaerobic Sludge and its Disposal by Landspreading." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.213.

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Sludge, a natural, uncalled for byproduct of aerobic/ anaerobic biological digestion of organic matter present in wastewaters, also known as biosolids, is a thick, black and viscous substance comprising of dead and degraded microbial cells that digested the influents. This dead microbial material, accumulates on the bottom of anaerobic lagoons/ reactors, is organic in nature and rich in plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and essential trace elements. It must be removed periodically. Therefore, the objective is to use the sludge as a fertilizer on agricultural land. It is an environmentally acceptable and economical method of sludge disposal. The application of organic wastes to farmland has increased over the years as it contributes to the preservation of the environment and results in an improvement of chemical, biochemical and physical properties of soil, although there is an increased risk of soil and ground water being contaminated by pollutants. Sewage sludge may contain heavy metals whose presence in soil may reduce enzyme activities and affect microbial communities in soil. They accumulate in soil and are taken up by crop plants thus posing health hazard. The study was conducted to characterize anaerobic sludge and quantify the concentration of heavy metals in it, to determine the suitability of the sludge as fertilizer for crops. Physicochemical and biochemical analyses showed that anaerobic sludge produced at Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) sewage treatment plant at Faridabad (an industrial town), Haryana, India, contained total organic C 15.714 percent, total Kjeldahl N 0.795 percent, available P 8 3g g-1and heavy metals Zn 1500 3g g-1, Ni 226 3g g-1, Fe 3000 3g g-1 and high activity of enzymes like alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase in the sludge. These enzymes are important for soil fertility and nutrient cycling. The toxic heavy metals have been accumulated by bacteria from sewage waters. The ideal C/N ratio, P and enzyme activities show its suitability as fertilizer but presence of heavy metals is a matter of concern. Therefore its application as crop fertilizer or onto land has to be carefully managed.
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Tamanini, Cristina Rincon, Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta, Cleverson Vitório Andreoli, and Benno Henrique Doetzer. "Land reclamation recovery with the sewage sludge use." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 51, no. 4 (August 2008): 643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132008000400023.

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In this work, investigations were carried out with five treatments [control, three doses of lime stabilized sludge (60, 120, 240 Mg ha-1 dry base) and soil corrective plus mineral fertilizer] to evaluate the immediate recuperation of a borrowed area. The application of stabilized alkaline sewage sludge acted as an acidity corrective, allowed the increase in the organic matter contents (21 to 43.5g dm-3) and available P (44 to 156 mg dm-3). Even with the use of the highest dose, no increase in the concentration of 32 analyzed metals was observed, due to the low concentration of metals in the sludge. The experiment showed that short term restoration of degraded area was possible by using high rates of sewage sludge without metal contamination.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination"

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Phasha, Mmolawa Cynthia. "Health and safety aspects of the use of products from urine-diversion toilets." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02262007-183119.

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2

Mtimkulu, Yandiswa. "Monitoring extracellular enzyme activities and microbial population numbers during composting of winery solid waste." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2344.

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Thesis (MTech (Horticulture))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
Waste management in winery and distillery industries faces numerous disposal challenges as large volumes of both liquid and solid waste by-products are generated yearly during cellar practices. Composting has been suggested a feasible option to beneficiate solid organic waste. This incentivized the quest for efficient composting protocols to be put in place. The objective of this study was to experiment with different composting strategies for spent winery solid waste. Compost materials consisting of chopped pruning grape stalks, skins, seed and spent wine filter material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic expend ingredients were mixed in compost heaps. The filter material component varied (in percentage) among five treatments: T1 (40%) lined, T2 (20%) lined, T3 (0%) lined, T4 (40%) grinded material, lined and T5 (40%) unlined. Composting was allowed to proceed in open air over 12 months, from autumn to summer. Indicators such as temperature, moisture, enzyme activities, microbial counts, pH, and C/N ratio, were recorded. Generally, season (df =3, 16, P < 0.05) had significant effects (df =1, 3, P < 0.05) on heap temperature and moisture in all treatments. Similarly, microorganisms (actinobacteria and heterotrophs) varied significantly in all treatments in response to seasonal change (df = 3, 16; P < 0.05). Enzyme activities fluctuated in accordance with seasonal factors and compost maturity stages, with phosphatases, esterases, amino-peptidases, proteases and glycosyl-hydrolases being most prominent. Compared to treatments T2 and T3, compost treatments with higher percentage waste filter materials (T1, T4 and T5) had higher N (16100-21300 mg/kg), P (1500-2300 mg/kg), K (19800-28200 mg/kg), neutral pH, and lower C/N ratios (13:1-10:1), which were also comparable with commercially produced composts. Filter materials therefore, appears to be a vital ingredient for composting of winery solid waste.
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Books on the topic "Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination"

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Eisenberg, J. N. S. Application of a Dynamic Model to Assess Microbial Health Risks Associated with Beneficial Uses of Biosolids. IWA Publishing, 2007.

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2

Eisenberg, J. N. S. Application of a Dynamic Model to Assess Microbial Health Risks Associated With Beneficial Uses of Biosolids: Solids Treatment Residuals and Reuse 98-rem-1a (Werf Report). IWA Publishing (Intl Water Assoc), 2007.

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Peccia, Jordan. Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants Associated With Land-applied Biosolids: Werf Report: Biosolids and Residuals Project 02-pum-1 (Werf Report). Intl Water Assn, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sewage sludge as fertilizer. Microbial contamination"

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Singh, Rajeev Pratap, Pooja Singh, M. Hakimi Ibrahim, and Rokiah Hashim. "Land Application of Sewage Sludge: Physicochemical and Microbial Response." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 41–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0668-6_3.

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