Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sex discounting

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Academic literature on the topic 'Sex discounting'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sex discounting"

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Jones, Jeb, Jodie L. Guest, Patrick S. Sullivan, Michael R. Kramer, Samuel M. Jenness, and Jessica M. Sales. "Concordance between monetary and sexual delay discounting in men who have sex with men." Sexual Health 15, no. 3 (2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh17111.

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Background Delay discounting has been found to be associated with numerous health-related outcomes, including risky sexual behaviour. To date, it is unclear whether delay discounting measured in different domains is associated within individuals. The goal of this study was to assess the concordance of monetary and sexual delay discounting in men who have sex with men. Methods: Participants completed an online survey, including the Monetary Choice Questionnaire and the Sexual Discounting Task. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between monetary and sexual discount rates. Results: Sexual discount rates did not predict monetary discount rates. There was a substantial amount of clustering of sexual discount rates, requiring sexual discounting data to be categorised. Conclusions: Monetary and sexual delay discounting are distinct processes that are not necessarily associated within individuals, and monetary delay discounting is not an appropriate proxy measure for sexual impulsivity. Data from the Sexual Discounting Task are typically rank-transformed for analysis. These data suggest that this might be an invalid method of analysis. Future studies should investigate the distribution of their data to determine if it is appropriate to analyse sexual discounting data as a continuous measure.
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Holt, Daniel D., Matthew H. Newquist, Rochelle R. Smits, and Andrew M. Tiry. "Discounting of food, sex, and money." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 21, no. 3 (December 12, 2013): 794–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0557-2.

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Robson, Arthur J., Balazs Szentes, and Emil Iantchev. "The Evolutionary Basis of Time Preference: Intergenerational Transfers and Sex." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 172–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.4.4.172.

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We consider the evolutionary basis of time discounting with intergenerational transfers. We show that the notion of “reproductive value” from biology provides the utility criterion for a parent to optimize the allocation of resources between transfers to offspring and to promote her own survival. This optimization has a natural dynamic programming formulation. We show that younger individuals may well be “too impatient,” but older individuals “too patient” in accordance with observations. We compare the allocation of resources under sexual reproduction to that where there is asexual reproduction. Sex distorts time discounting; under plausible conditions, sex increases patience. (JEL A12, D91)
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Olson, Elizabeth A., Isabelle M. Rosso, Lauren A. Demers, Shreya Divatia, and William D. S. Killgore. "Sex Differences in Psychological Factors Associated with Social Discounting." Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 29, no. 1 (April 7, 2015): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1876.

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Celio, Mark A., James MacKillop, Amy J. Caswell, Nadine R. Mastroleo, Christopher W. Kahler, Nancy P. Barnett, Suzanne M. Colby, Don Operario, and Peter M. Monti. "Interactive Relationships Between Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies and Delay Discounting on Risky Sex." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 40, no. 3 (February 18, 2016): 638–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.12988.

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Rosch, Keri S., and Stewart H. Mostofsky. "Increased Delay Discounting on a Novel Real-Time Task among Girls, but not Boys, with ADHD." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 22, no. 1 (November 9, 2015): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617715001071.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine delay discounting in girls and boys with ADHD-Combined type (ADHD-C) relative to typically developing (TD) children on two tasks that differ in the extent to which the rewards and delays were experienced by participants. Children ages 8–12 years with ADHD-C (n=65; 19 girls) and TD controls (n=55; 15 girls) completed two delay discounting tasks involving a series of choices between smaller, immediate and larger, delayed rewards. The classic delay discounting task involved choices about money at delays of 1–90 days and only some of the outcomes were actually experienced by the participants. The novel real-time discounting task involved choices about an immediately consumable reward (playing a preferred game) at delays of 25–100 s, all of which were actually experienced by participants. Participants also provided subjective ratings of how much they liked playing the game and waiting to play. Girls with ADHD-C displayed greater delay discounting compared to boys with ADHD-C and TD girls and boys on the real-time discounting task. Diagnostic group differences were not evident on the classic discounting task. In addition, children with ADHD-C reported wanting to play the game more and liking waiting to play the game less than TD children. This novel demonstration of greater delay discounting among girls with ADHD-C on a discounting task in which the rewards are immediately consumable and the delays are experienced in real-time informs our understanding of sex differences and motivational processes in children with ADHD. (JINS, 2016, 22, 12–23)
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Andrade, Leonardo F., Levi Riven, and Nancy M. Petry. "Associations Between Antisocial Personality Disorder and Sex on Discounting Rates." Psychological Record 64, no. 4 (September 24, 2014): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40732-014-0085-0.

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Liley, Anna E., Daniel B. K. Gabriel, Helen J. Sable, and Nicholas W. Simon. "Sex Differences and Effects of Predictive Cues on Delayed Punishment Discounting." eneuro 6, no. 4 (July 2019): ENEURO.0225–19.2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0225-19.2019.

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Sweeney, Mary M., Meredith S. Berry, Patrick S. Johnson, Evan S. Herrmann, Steven E. Meredith, and Matthew W. Johnson. "Demographic and sexual risk predictors of delay discounting of condom-protected sex." Psychology & Health 35, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 366–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2019.1631306.

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Herrmann, Evan S., Patrick S. Johnson, and Matthew W. Johnson. "Examining Delay Discounting of Condom-Protected Sex Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Using Crowdsourcing Technology." AIDS and Behavior 19, no. 9 (June 12, 2015): 1655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1107-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex discounting"

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Galliford, Megan Elizabeth. "Discounting and Values." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2101.

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The present study examines delay, probability, and social discounting with money in relations to self-reported values. The participants completed a values questionnaire including questions regarding God, sex, and politics, and were divided into a low values and a high values group with the low values group n=10 and high values group = 10 for a total n=20. These groups were compared in the delay, probability, and social discounting tasks. Results indicate little to no difference in discounting between groups with an AUC for the low values group (.47), (.322), (.196), respectively and the AUC for the high values group at (.494), (.411), (.288) respectively. Individual scores for area under the curve (AUC) were tested for degree of correlation to each values question. Results indicate moderate correlations between temporal discounting and 5 sex value questions. Moderate correlations between probability discounting and political and sex value questions were observed. Finally, correlations between social discounting and politics, religious, and sex values were observed. Keywords: delay discounting, probability discounting, social discounting, politics, sex, religion
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Kim, Miriam. "Discounting in Sex: How Sexual Choices are Impacted by Sexual Impulsivity and Gender." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2243.

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The study examined how individuals make decisions on hypothetical sexual partners and hypothetical monetary rewards in delay and probability discounting. The participants (N-75, males=42 (M=34) and females=33(M=39)) completed an electronic survey via Qualtrics. The survey consisted of 6 tasks: 1. Multiple Stimulus without Replacement Preference Assessment that consisted of pictures of potential sex partners based on the individual’s gender preference (male, female, or both); 2. Sexual Risk Survey; 3. Monetary delay discounting task; 4. Monetary probability discounting task; 5. Delay discounting of hypothetical sexual partners; and 6. Probability discounting of hypothetical sexual partners. An analysis of area under the curve (AUC) were done for the discounting tasks. The results showed that males devalued delayed sexual partner choice rank higher rates than females (t (7.97) = 2.85, p<0.05). This was also observed in females with higher scores of the Sexual Risk Survey than the lower scorers (t (10.95) = 2.35, p<0.05). AUC reflected on the scores of the SRS and with measures of sexual risk behaviours. However, there were no significant difference in discounting monetary rewards between the genders (t (11.96) = 0.1623, p>0.05).
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Howard, Aimee Colleen. "Probability Discounting of the Quality of Sexual Relationships." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1372.

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The responses from a probability discounting procedure was collected to make between and within-group comparisons of the quality of sex with different sexual partners and monetary rewards between individuals who have engaged in infidelity in the past and individuals who have never engaged in infidelity in the past. A modification to the quality of the overall relationship was introduced to identify whether discounting outcomes could be altered. Gender differences were also examined. Results showed a significant difference between groups when discounting the quality of sex of differing sexual partners but no difference between groups with monetary rewards. There was also a significant difference between commodity types within the group that have never engaged in infidelity but no difference between commodity type within the group that has engaged in infidelity in the past. The modification of the quality of the overall relationship resulted in no significant difference in responses to the probability discounting trials and there were no significant gender differences.
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Poncinie, Chad A. "An Examination of Delay Discounting in Sex Offenders with Dual Diagnoses." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1294.

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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF CHAD A. PONCINIE. For the Master of Science degree in Behavior Analysis and Therapy, presented on 21 June 2013. TITLE: AN EXAMINATION OF DELAY DISCOUNTING IN SEX OFFENDERS WITH DUAL DIAGNOSES MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Mark R. Dixon Discounting of delayed rewards by sex offenders with dual diagnoses was compared to discounting of delayed rewards by matched control non-offenders with dual diagnoses. All participants completed a hypothetical choice task in which they made repeated choices between 10 dollars/servings after a delay and an equal or lesser amount available immediately. The delay to the large reward was varied from 1 day to 2 years across conditions. Indifference points between immediate and delayed rewards were identified at each delay condition by varying the amount of immediate money across choice trials. Overall, those identified as sex offenders discounted the delayed reward more steeply than did the control non-offenders.
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Autore, Don M. "Two Essays on Shelf-registered Corporate Equity Offerings." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26823.

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This dissertation consists of two essays. The first provides evidence that the recent revival of shelf equity offers is related to changes in how firms use shelf registration. During 1990-2003 firms that make shelf filings have no immediate intent and low probability of issuance, lower pre-filing returns relative to non-shelf issuers, and often have been certified in prior SEOs. The evidence indicates that the way firms now use shelf offerings resolves the under-certification problem responsible for the shelf demise in the 1980s (Denis, 1991) and results in smaller market penalties and lower underwriter fees relative to non-shelf offerings. This allows firms with greater uncertainty to take advantage of the shelf option to defer or abandon offers. Additionally, firms often use universal shelf filings and choose between debt and equity offerings based on the prevailing relative market conditions. The second essay examines offer price discounting of traditional and shelf-registered seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). The results indicate that relative to traditional SEOs, shelf discounting during 1982 - June 2004 is similar in magnitude, is influenced by the same factors, and has increased similarly over time. Prior studies attribute the time-series increase of seasoned offer discounting to pre-offer short sale constraints (Rule 10b-21; adopted in 1988). This study provides insights about the effect of Rule 10b-21 by exploiting the fact that shelf-registered offerings were exempt from this regulation until September 2004. The analysis uses the shelf exemption as a control in testing the Rule's effect, and the elimination of the exemption as an "out-of-sample" test. The results suggest that Rule 10b-21 is not associated with the increase in seasoned offer discounts. The gradual increase in discounting over the past two decades is largely due to a shift in the composition of issuers toward firms that have greater stock volatility and pre-offer price uncertainty.
Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "Sex discounting"

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Bauer, Nancy. Simone De Beauvoir: The Second Sex. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608811.003.0007.

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This chapter is a reprint of a book review of the new translation of The Second Sex, which raises questions about its success in rendering Beauvoir’s thought into English. Siding with critical scholars like Toril Moi, Bauer argues that Borde and Malovany-Chevallier’s translation is disappointing. The translation obscures Beauvoir’s philosophical insights by too often sacrificing readability and clear renditions of Beauvoir’s reasoning to word-by-word translations of Beauvoir’s long sentences and uncommon stylistic choices. This is due to the inexperience of the translators, who, Bauer claims, had never before translated such French theoretical writing and had no experience dealing with the “conceptual and rhetorical challenges” of Le deuxiéme sexe. Overall, Bauer’s review echoes the long history of the discounting of and underappreciation of feminist work as reflected in translation practices that assume women’s interests, writing, and scholarship to be tangential to scholarly research.
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Sullivan, Meghan. Preferences about the Past. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.003.0005.

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The received wisdom is do not bother yourself with things you cannot change, most notably the past. This chapter introduces the concept of future bias and considers some difficulties we have in conceptualizing past‐directed discounting. First, the chapter models various past discounting functions by considering cases (e.g., Parfit’s Surgery case). It argues that psychologically realistic future discount functions for pains and pleasuresmust be absolute. Next, the chapter argues against a control constraint on preferences. It also appeals to Dougherty’s Pain Insurance case to argue that we can evaluate preferences over a set of choices or preferences rather than only relative to particular choices.
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Archibald, Robert B. Environmental Threat I. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190251918.003.0006.

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Changes in the American income distribution since the 1970s are a major source of turbulence in the higher education industry. Family incomes at the bottom of the distribution have not grown since the 1960s, while family incomes at the top have soared. For families in the middle- and upper-middle-income groups, incomes have been flat in the twenty-first century. We show how this sea change in inequality helps fuel the increase in tuition discounting, the rise in student debt, and the separation of the higher education system into well-resourced institutions for the haves and poorly financed institutions for the have-nots.
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Eyal, Nir, Samia A. Hurst, Christopher J. L. Murray, S. Andrew Schroeder, and Daniel Wikler, eds. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190082543.001.0001.

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In this volume, a group of leading philosophers, economists, epidemiologists, and policy scholars continue a twenty-year discussion of philosophical questions connected to the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), one of the largest-scale research collaborations in global health. Chapters explore issues in ethics, political philosophy, metaphysics, the philosophy of economics, and the philosophy of medicine. Some chapters identify previously unappreciated aspects of the GBD, including the way it handles causation and aggregates complex data while others offer fresh perspectives on frequently discussed topics such as discounting, age-weighting, and the valuation of health states. The volume concludes with a set of chapters discussing how epidemiological data should and shouldn’t be used.
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Roger, Mccormick, and Stears Chris. Part VI Early Perceptions of Legal Risk, 21 A Case of Conceptual Impossibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198749271.003.0022.

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This chapter discusses the case of Re Charge Card Services Ltd, which concerned the relationship between a company and a finance house that provided funds to it, pursuant to an invoice discounting agreement, by purchasing trade debts of the company. Under certain circumstances the company was obliged to repurchase trade debts, which it guaranteed would be paid. The accounting and payment system operating between the parties gave the finance house various rights to hold on to monies, make deductions from payments, and exercise set-offs. When the company went into liquidation, it was contended that certain rights of the finance house were void as against the liquidator because they constituted charges over book debts and they had not been registered as required under the Companies Act 1948.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sex discounting"

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Gollier, Christian. "Global Conclusion." In Pricing the Planet's Future. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691148762.003.0015.

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This concluding chapter summarizes the principles set forth in this volume. It argues that the discount rate is a key parameter in economics because it determines how our societies value their future. The chapter aims to use the discount rate in the net present value (NPV) decision rule: to find the discount rate which gives a positive NPV only for those projects that raise the sum of present and future generations’ felicity. In that light, this chapter briefly touches upon the basic principles of discounting, the discounting of safe real cash flows, the term structure of real discount rates, the evaluation of uncertain projects, and the adaptability of projects.
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Neumann, Franz. "The Problem of Inflation in Germany." In Secret Reports on Nazi Germany. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691134130.003.0022.

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This chapter examines the problem of inflation in Germany. In 1914 the German government based its war finance program on the assumption that World War I would be short. No additional taxation was introduced. Loans were considered sufficient to cover the total war expenses. The government obtained the necessary cash by discounting treasury notes with the Reichsbank which, in turn, sold these notes to banks and large business firms. Every six months loans were floated to redeem the treasury notes. The chapter begins with a discussion of Germany's war financing during the period 1914–1924, focusing on the post-war budget deficit and reestablishment of free prices, depreciation of the mark, and stabilization of the currency. It then considers Nazi Germany's finances during the period 1933–1943, along with the inflation problem after the defeat of Germany in World War II.
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Stanovich, Keith E., Richard F. West, and Maggie E. Toplak. "Avoidance of Miserly Information Processing: Indirect Effects." In The Rationality Quotient. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034845.003.0008.

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Chapter 7 discussed four subtests that are direct measures of the avoidance of miserly processing on the CART. Chapter 8 discusses how the CART also contains six other subtests that assess the ability to avoid suboptimal thought patterns that arise indirectly from miserly thinking tendencies. Three of those subtests assess an important component of axiomatic utility theory: the ability to avoid being affected by irrelevant context when decision-making. The three subtests that measure the ability to avoid this tendency are: the Framing subtest, the Anchoring subtest, and the Preference Anomalies subtest. Three other subtests are described in this chapter. The avoidance of myside bias is a fundamental component of performance in most discussions of rational thinking. We used our original version of an Argument Evaluation subtest to measure this component of rational thinking. The ability to avoid overconfidence is measured on the CART by the Knowledge Calibration subtest. Finally, the Rational Temporal Discounting subtest assesses the ability to pass up an immediate reward for a delayed larger one. The history of each subtest is described, as well as a large study of each subtest in which correlations with cognitive ability and thinking dispositions are examined.
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