Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sex estimation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Sex estimation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Toneva, Diana H., Silviya Y. Nikolova, Dora K. Zlatareva, Vassil G. Hadjidekov, and Nikolai E. Lazarov. "Sex estimation by Mastoid Triangle using 3D models." HOMO 70, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1010.

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Robling, Alexander G., and Douglas H. Ubelaker. "Sex Estimation from the Metatarsals." Journal of Forensic Sciences 42, no. 6 (November 1, 1997): 14261J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs14261j.

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Shim, Yun Taek, Ye Hwon Jeong, Yi-Suk Kim, Nahyun Aum, Seung Gyu Choi, Se-Min Oh, Ji Hwan Park, Dong Yeong Kim, and Hyung Nam Koo. "Estimation of Forensic Sex Based on Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Skull in Korean: Non-metric Study." Korean Journal of Legal Medicine 45, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7580/kjlm.2021.45.3.79.

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This study performed the forensic anthropological sex estimation of Koreans in a non-metric way by reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images of skulls. The skull CT images used in this study were 100 (51 males, 49 females), and all CT images were taken with a slice thickness of 0.75 mm and then reconstructed into 3D images using the MIMICS 23.0 program. Using the reconstructed 3D image, measurements were repeated twice. The sex determination was male if the 4 point to 5 point was relatively more in five landmarks, and female if the points of 1 to 2 were relatively more. Results of the study show that, 88 of the 100 cases matched the actual sex. Among the 12 discrepant cases, ten cases were mismatched with the actual sex even though the estimation and repeated estimation readout of sexestimating were the same. Two cases, were “unknown,” showing different sexes in the first and repeated estimations. In conclusion, this study indicated that a forensic anthropological analysis from 3D images provided accurate point information on the landmarks of skulls, showing as high an accuracy as the sex estimation method using real bones. The ten cases of sex mismatch, except the two “Unknown” cases, are considered to be errors that did not consider differences in population groups. In further studies, further establishing a nonmetric, specifically Korean methods to increase the accuracy and reliability of sex estimation is need.
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Mulyasari, Indri, and Purbowati Purbowati. "Lingkar lengan atas dan panjang ulna sebagai parameter antropometri untuk memperkirakan berat badan dan tinggi badan orang dewasa." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) 7, no. 1 (December 30, 2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.7.1.30-36.

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Background: Weight (Wt) and height (Ht) can be estimated by using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and ulna length (UL). The formula for estimating Wt and Ht that has been formulated is mostly using subjects not Asian especially Indonesian.Objectives : derived linear regression equations to estimate Wt and Ht from MUAC and UL for Indonesian adultsMethods : The study design was cross sectional study. Population of this study was student of Health Science and Nursing Faculty Ngudi Waluyo University. The sample consisted of 303 students 19-29 years old. Research instruments were digital weight scale, microtoise, and metline. Correlation was tested using Pearson analysis. Linear regression equations was derived from linear regression analysis.Results: Wt estimation was significantly correlated with Wt (r=0.917, p<0.0001). Ht estimation was significantly correlated with Ht (r= 0.812, p<0.0001). Estimation Wt = 2.863 MUAC (cm) – 4.019 sex -14.533 (R2=0.84, SEE=4.90). Estimation Ht = 2.525 UL (cm) – 5.828 sex + 99.384 (R2=0.66, SEE=3.92). Male=0, female = 1.Conclusion: The regression equations can be used as alternative to estimate Wt and Ht from MUAC and UL for Indonesian adults.
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Atamturk, Derya. "Estimation of Sex from the Dimensions of Foot, Footprints, and Shoe." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 68, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2010/0026.

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Viciano, Joan, and Anabel Amores-Ampuero. "Sex estimation in a contemporary Spanish population: cranial and dental anthropometry." HOMO 71, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1200.

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Pradel, Roger, Lory Maurin-Bernier, Olivier Gimenez, Meritxell Genovart, Rémi Choquet, and Daniel Oro. "Estimation of sex-specific survival with uncertainty in sex assessment." Canadian Journal of Statistics 36, no. 1 (March 2008): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjs.5550360105.

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Koczkodaj, W. W. "No Sex Difference in Area Estimation." Perceptual and Motor Skills 109, no. 1 (August 2009): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.109.1.168-168.

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This paper is a follow-up to Adamic, et al., in which male and female participants estimated the areas of five randomly generated shapes of equal area. There was no significant sex difference in area estimation ability.
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Stull, Kyra E., Ericka N. L'Abbé, and Stephen D. Ousley. "Subadult sex estimation from diaphyseal dimensions." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 163, no. 1 (February 15, 2017): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23185.

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Singh, Bahadur, Kewal Krishan, Kawaljit Kaur, and Tanuj Kanchan. "Different predictive and accuracy models for sex and stature estimation from second- and fourth-digit lengths in the Kinnaur population of Himachal Pradesh, North India: Medico-legal and forensic implications." Medicine, Science and the Law 59, no. 3 (May 20, 2019): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802419847580.

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Forensic anthropologists are not only active in courtroom testimonies but also contribute to disaster victim identification. The timely recovery and identification of victims in any disaster is crucial, and anthropologists play a vital role in this process. In mass disasters such as airplane crashes, tsunamis, earthquakes or terrorist attacks, fragments of dead bodies are usually brought for identification. Each fragment demands special tactics to fulfil any of the basic attributes of forensic identification such as age, sex, stature or ancestry. If sex and stature can be estimated from a single fragment, then it can potentially reduce the identification time and possible victim matches. In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate sex and stature from the second- and fourth-digit lengths. Different predictive and accuracy models have been devised using statistical techniques. No bilateral difference was observed in the digit lengths in either sex. Consequently, an average of the digit lengths was employed for model approximations. The fourth-digit length provided the best sex estimates (M=82.1%, F=79.2%) when binary logistic regression (BLR) statistics were applied. It was also observed that overall sex estimations improved from 78.8% (from BLR) to 79.8% when discriminant function analysis was used for sex estimation. Second- and fourth-digit lengths were used independently and together for stature estimation models for males and females individually and for the pooled sample. In stature estimation models, three major interpretations were perceived: (1) the second-digit length provided the best stature estimates; (2) the estimation models compute better stature estimates for females than their counterparts, that is, standard errors are less in females than males; and (3) second and fourth digits predict more reliable stature estimation when the sex of the digits is known than that of the pooled sample.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Rennie, S. R. "Summary sex : a multivariate approach to sex estimation from the human pelvis." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9471/.

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With the progression of multivariate statistics, the creation of population specific equations is on the rise. Multivariate analysis generally revolves around metric methods or geometric morphometrics, not on morphoscopic features. A total of eight samples were analysed spanning from prehistoric American to modern day South African and ranged between pygmy populations from the Andaman Islands to medieval British populations. With a sample size of more than 1100 individuals, each os coxa was scored using eight morphoscopic features most commonly used by physical anthropologists and osteoarchaeologists. Trait frequencies were compiled and compared between each of the eight samples. Then, the samples were placed into two groups: a known age and sex group (Christ Church Spitalfields, South African White, South African Black, and South African Coloured), and an unknown archaeological group (Poulton, St. Owens, Chumash, and Andaman). When comparing trait frequencies, slight differences between the samples could be seen. Ordinal Logistic Regressions (OLR) were applied onto each of the four samples from the known age and sex group to create population specific sexing equations (cross-validated). Results from these four equations ranged from 90.24% (South African Black population specific equation) to 96.38% (Christ Church, Spitalfields population specific equation). Population specifity was tested by applying all of the equations onto each sample in this group. In an attempt to reduce this, two new equations were created by combining samples together resulting in a South African specific equation (92.54% accuracy) and a "Summary Sex" equation (92.98% accuracy). After applying each of the six new OLR equations onto the four archaeological samples, high percentage accuracies (ranging from 92.59% to 100.00%) were found when comparing them to the previous records. The only sample that did not produce as high of an accuracy was the Chumash sample with 82.35%. In the attempt to analyse fragmented remains, three avenues were taken. Firstly, all missing values were replaced by the median score. Secondly, the original six OLR equations were 'sectioned' to make three smaller sets of equations. Lastly, to mirror the sectioned equations, three new sets of OLR equations were generated. This study shows that when using morphoscopic traits for sex estimation, applying multivariate techniques can be used to obtain a high accuracy even when dealing with fragmented samples.
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Cleary, Megan Kathleen. "Sex Estimation from the Clavicle: A Discriminant Function Analysis." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/781.

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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF MEGAN K. CLEARY, for the Master of Arts degree in ANTHROPOLOGY, presented on MARCH 28th at 8am, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale TITLE: SEX ESTIMATION FROM THE CLAVICLE: A DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION ANALYSIS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Gretchen R. Dabbs The development of methods for sex estimation using postcranial remains other than the os coxa is imperative for physical anthropology to improve the reliability of biological profile estimates in cases of incomplete and/or fragmentary skeletal remains. As the last skeletal element to complete fusion, the clavicle has the longest period of time to develop sexually dimorphic features, making it an ideal skeletal element for use in sex estimation. Sexual dimorphism in the clavicle was assessed using 18 measurements of the left clavicle of 265 (129 females; 136 males) individuals from the Hamann-Todd Collection. Independent samples t-tests with Bonferroni correction show males and females differ at a statistically significant level for all 18 variables with a significance level of 0.0028. Discriminate function analyses using the stepwise method (0.05 to enter, 0.10 to exit) produced a four variable model with cross-validated accuracy of 89.8%. A holdout sample from the Hamann-Todd Collection (n=30) similar in demographic character to the calibration sample was tested using the four variable model. The accuracy of the four variable model on the holdout sample was 90.0%. Additionally, four single variable models developed to accommodate fragmentary remains also have high predictive power (75.1-82.3% cross-validated calibration sample; 60.0-86.7% hold-out sample).
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Casado, Ana Maria. "Evaluation of Features of the Innominate for Sex Estimation." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275064778.

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Rector, Jacquelyn N. "Sex estimation method using cervical canine diameters: a validation study." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21246.

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Thesis (M.S.F.S.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
This thesis presents a validation study of the research by Hassett (2011). It examined the permanent canines’ cervical diameters using established measurement techniques set forth by Hillson et al. (2005) to determine sex in a known population of male and female adults and juveniles. The present study combined the Maxwell Collection, housed at University of New Mexico, and the Hamann-Todd Collection, housed at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, as the known-sex sample. The sample included 642 permanent canines resulting in 862 measurements from 218 individuals. There were 120 males and 98 females between the ages of 12 and 98 years old. Of the 218 individuals, 148 were White, 62 were Black, 2 were Hispanic, 1 was Native American, and 5 were an unknown ancestry. The measurements used were the cervical mesiodistal diameter and the cervical buccolingual diameter of each upper and lower, right and left canine. The author hypothesized that research conducted on this known age skeletal collection sample would support Hassett (2011), who concluded that the cervical diameter of the canine is sexually dimorphic and can be used to predict sex accurately. In addition, it was predicted that there would not be a significant statistical difference between adult and juvenile permanent canine measurements. An intra-observer error test found that original and repeated measures were not statistically different from one another. Statistical analysis found that adults and juveniles did not have significantly different measurements, so the two samples were combined into one larger known-sex sample. The accuracy of all the functions for both sexes using the cervical diameter method is between 80.2% and 87.5%. The fourth function’s formula, which uses both diameters from one maxillary canine and one mandibular canine, had the best overall accuracy of 87.1%. The accuracy of all the functions for males was between 81.1% and 91.7% and for females the accuracy was between 74.8% and 89.7%. Analysis also indicated that no tooth nor measurement proved to be a better predictor of sex; therefore, any tooth and measurement can be used to estimate sex. The author believes that this validation will allow further research into the applicability of the permanent canine using cone-beam computed tomography to determine sex in juveniles whose permanent canines have not yet erupted. This determination is highly significant, given the dearth of usable techniques to sex juvenile human remains.
2031-01-01
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Harrison, Donna. "An evaluation of the methods used in the estimation of sex." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1545099/.

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Sex estimation is a fundamental component of demographic information for skeletal collections. When collections are undocumented, it is important to have established and accurate methods to determine sex. Many methods have been used since the 1800s. These methods, both morphological and metric, primarily focus on estimating sex on the pelvis, cranium, mandible, humerus and femur. The aim of this research is to establish which types of methods and which major bones are the most accurate for identifying sex in skeletons, especially when the pelvis is in poor condition or missing. A total of 67 morphological and metric methods were assessed on 294 adults from four diverse known sex samples. The study included assessment of 23 methods on 120 juveniles from two of the samples. The results indicate that while morphological methods are a reliable tool to sex adult skeletons, there are metric methods that are equally reliable, especially in the absence of the pelvis. Initial research in sex estimation of juveniles yielded several methods which scored over 75% accuracy when the samples were broken down into five distinct age groups. The study also demonstrated other possible uses for sex estimation, such as measuring variability in bones through hyper-sex codes (-2, +2) used in morphological methods, exploration of gender identification presented in two case studies, and exploring the effect of skeletal adaptation from occupation on sexual dimorphism in two African-American samples who share a common history but lived in different geographical locations.
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Kazzazi, Seyedeh Mandan. "Dental metric standards for sex estimation in archaeological populations from Iran." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31067.

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Sex estimation of skeletal remains is one of the major components of forensic identification of unknown individuals. Teeth are a potential source of information on sex and are often recovered in archaeological or forensic contexts due to their post-mortem longevity. Currently there is limited data on dental sexual dimorphism of archaeological populations from Iran. This dissertation represents the first study to provide a dental sex estimation method for Iron Age populations. The current study was conducted on the skeletal remains of 143 adults from two Iron Age populations in close temporal and geographic proximity in the Solduz Valley (West Azerbaijan Province of Iran). 2D and 3D cervical mesiodistal and buccolingual and root volume measurements of maxillary and mandibular teeth were used to investigate the degree of sexual dimorphism in permanent dentition and to assess their applicability in sex estimation. In total 1327, 457, and 480 anterior and posterior teeth were used to collect 2D cervical, 3D cervical, and root volume measurements respectively. 2D cervical measurements were taken using Hillson-Fitzgerald dental calliper and 3D measurements were collected using CT images provided by Open Research Scan Archive (ORSA) - Penn Museum. 3D models of the teeth were created using manual segmentation in the Amira 6.01 software package. Since tooth density largely differs from crown to apex, root segmentation required two threshold levels: the segmentation of the root from the jaw and the segmentation of the crown from the root. Thresholds used for root segmentation were calculated using the half maximum height protocol of Spoor et al. (1993) for each skull, and thresholds used for crown segmentation were set visually for each tooth separately. Data was analysed using discriminant function analysis and posterior probabilities were calculated for all produced formulae where sex was previously assessed from morphological features of pelvis and skull. Bootstrapping was used to account for small sample sizes in the analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 23. The percentage of sexual dimorphism was also used to quantify the amount of sexual dimorphism in the sample. The results showed that incisors and canines were the most sexually dimorphic teeth, providing percentages of correct sex classification between 80% and 100% depending on the measurement used. Root volume measurement was shown to be the most sexually dimorphic variable providing an accuracy of over 90% in all functions. The present study provided the first dental metric standards for sex estimation using odontometric data in Iranian archaeological populations. Dental measurements, particularly root volume measurements, were found to be of value for sex assessment and the method presented here could be a useful tool for establishing accurate demographic data from skeletal remains of the Iron Age from Iran.
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Rodriguez, Maria. "TIME ESTIMATION AND HAND PREFERENCE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3895.

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This work examines the effect of participants' gender and handedness on the perception of short intervals of time. The time estimation task consisted of an empty production procedure with forty trials at each of four intervals of one, three, seven, and twenty seconds. The four target intervals represent a natural logarithmic progression and a series that bracket important temporal thresholds. The order of presentation of those intervals was randomized across participants but yoked across the sexes in each of the respective dominant hand groups. The two between-subject factors, with two levels each, were sex and handedness. Participants produced forty estimates at each of the required intervals, which was the first within-subject factor, estimated interval being the other. T-tests were conducted on the dependent measures, the time estimates in terms of their variability and their central tendency with respect to the target duration. If handedness plays a significant role in timing, this may indicate differences between hemispheric functioning as a possible causal mechanism. If there is cerebral asymmetry in time perception, namely if one hemisphere is more competent regarding time perception, accuracy in judging duration should be higher for the contralateral hand. The results of the present study indicated that there are no significant differences in performance between right-handed and left-handed participants, or between male and female participants, in the estimation of short intervals of time.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Arts and Sciences
Psychology
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Lubsen, Kyle Douglas. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEX ESTIMATION METHODS IN FOUR PREHISTORIC NATIVE AMERICAN SKELETAL SAMPLES." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/482.

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Sex estimation in bioarchaeological research is paramount for comparative analyses of skeletal remains and developing estimates of other demographic variables. Frequently, sex is estimated utilizing the morphology of pelvic and cranial bones in archaeological skeletal samples. Regrettably, these bones are often damaged, destroyed, or lost and cannot be employed for the estimation of sex. Fortunately, a variety of metric and visual sex estimation methods have been developed on modern skeletal samples with known demography. Disappointingly, due to the population specific nature of many of these metric methods, they cannot be accurately applied directly to alternate skeletal samples. However, these methods can be redeveloped and retested for archaeological skeletal samples if the proper protocol is utilized. This research utilizes the protocol for developing methods of sex estimation on samples with unknown sex developed by Murail et al. (1999). Utilizing select hand and foot bones from four prehistoric Native American skeletal samples from Alabama and Illinois, multiple discriminant functions were developed and tested on both Archaic and Mississippian Period skeletal samples. Furthermore, the four individual site samples were combined into two geographical and two temporal samples, as well as an all pooled sample in order to test the broader applicability of these methods. The results indicate that sex estimation methods can be developed on samples where sex is not known. Additionally, the discriminant functions developed produce high levels of classification for the sites, individually, as well as for the geographic, temporal, and all pooled samples. The latter suggests these functions have broader applicability for these regions and temporal periods. Moreover, the concordance rates for these functions are similar to the accuracy rates when these bones were applied to samples with known sex.
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Foltz, Christine D. "Sex estimation through discriminant function analysis of an archaeological population from Mistihalj, Montenegro." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12101.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University
In an effort to create discriminant function equations for a spatially and temporally specific archaeological population, this study utilized metric analyses of the crania and post-crania in a collection from Mistihalj, Montenegro housed at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. After the data was collected, discriminant function analyses were performed and used in the creation of univariate and multivariate sectioning points for the purpose of estimating the sex of archaeological populations in this region. It is believed that the equations created will supplement other bioarchaeological methods for sex estimation within archaeological populations of the Balkan region where single skeletal elements or commingled remains may be prominent. This project will also provide a better understanding of sexual dimorphism in Balkan populations, which may ultimately help when working to make a biological profile for an unknown individual in this region. The best univariate measures for sex estimation (ranging from 96% to 85% accuracy) are: maximum diameter of the femur head, sagittal diameter of the radius at midshaft, maximum length of the ulna, maximum vertical diameter of the head of the humerus, biauricular breadth, maximum length of the radius, epicondylar breadth of the femur, anterio-posterior diameter of the femur at midshaft, maximum length of the humerus, maximum length of the calcaneus, bizygomatic breadth, and maximum epiphyseal breadth of the proximal tibia. All multivariate equations achieved classification rates above 85%. The best elements for multivariate analysis (above 90% accuracy) are: femur, radius, humerus, cranium, tibia, and ulna. Unexpectedly, two cranial measures are among the most accurate univariate measures, and the cranium provided higher classification rates than expected in comparison to post-cranial elements in the multivariate analyses. The multivariate equations created are only applicable if every measure/landmark required is present on the skeleton in question. As there is often differential preservation of skeletal elements, the use of multiple univariate sectioning points may be better on moderately or very poorly preserved remains.
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Phillips, Vincent. "Sex estimation using the diagonal diameter measurements of first mandibular molars in a Sudanese sample." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7531.

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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)
Sexual identification of immature skeletal remains is still a complicated issue to solve in Forensic Anthropology. Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the two sexes of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond the differences in their sexual organs. (1) The aim of this study is to evaluate the existence of sexual dimorphism in mandibular first molars. The base sample of the study includes 300 Sudanese (150 males and 150 females). Their ages ranged from 17 to 55. The mesio-buccal (MB) disto-lingual (DL) and the mesio-lingual (ML) disto-buccal (DB) surfaces of the mandibular first molars were measured using a digital Vernier caliper on plaster of Paris study casts. The data was analyzed using the t-test. The results showed statistically significant sexual dimorphisms in male and female odontometric features. The mean values of the parameters were greater in males than in females in both (MBDL and MLDB) with greater sexual dimorphism in the MBDL (MBDL dimorphism =28.672 %) than the MLDB (MLDB dimorphism =21.596 %). Conclusion: Sexual dimorphism of 1st molar teeth can aid in the identification of skeletal remains of Sudanese origin.
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Books on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Flabbi, Luca. Gender discrimination estimation in a search model with matching and bargaining. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2005.

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Schafgans, Marcia M. A. Gender wage differences in Malaysia: Parametric and semiparametric estimation. London: Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, 1997.

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New Zealand. Prostitution Law Review Committee. The nature and extent of the sex industry in New Zealand: An estimation. Wellington, N.Z: Ministry of Justice, 2005.

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Gal, Avner. Passive range estimation using over sea multipath. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1988.

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Cheung, Man-Fung. On optimal algorithms for parameter set estimation. [Ohio]: Ohio State University, 1991.

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Price, David William. Estimating food use by age, sex and household size. Pullman: College of Agriculture and Home Economics Research Center, Washington State University, 1988.

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Miller, James H. Estimation of sea surface wave spectra using acoustic tomography. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987.

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Mueller, Gerrit. Estimating the effect of personality on male-female earnings. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Statistique Canada. Division de la démographie. Estimation annuelles postcensitaires de la population suivant l'état matrimonial, l'âge, le sexe et composantes de l'accroissement, Canada, provinces et territoires au 1er juin 1988, Vol. 6 =: Postcensal annual estimates of population by marital status, age, sex and components of growth for Canada, provinces and territories, June 1, 1988. Ottawa: Approvisionnements et Services, 1988.

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Frederickson, Paul A. The effect of infrared sea surface temperature measurements on evaporation duct height estimation. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Guo, Guodong. "Human Age Estimation and Sex Classification." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 101–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28598-1_4.

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Crozier, R. H., and P. Pamilo. "Sex Allocation in Social Insects: Problems in Prediction and Estimation." In Evolution and Diversity of Sex Ratio, 369–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1402-8_10.

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Králík, Miroslav, Ondřej Klíma, Petra Urbanová, Lenka Polcerová, and Martin Čuta. "Morphometric Sex Estimation from the Hip Bone by Means of the HIP 1.1 Software." In Shape in Medical Imaging, 78–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04747-4_8.

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Cheng, Chih-Chan, Yuh-Chuan Shih, and Chia-Fen Chi. "Effects of Cooling and Sex on the Relationship Between Estimation and Actual Grip Strength." In Proceedings of the Institute of Industrial Engineers Asian Conference 2013, 819–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-98-7_98.

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More, Shammi, Simon B. Eickhoff, Julian Caspers, and Kaustubh R. Patil. "Confound Removal and Normalization in Practice: A Neuroimaging Based Sex Prediction Case Study." In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Applied Data Science and Demo Track, 3–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67670-4_1.

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AbstractMachine learning (ML) methods are increasingly being used to predict pathologies and biological traits using neuroimaging data. Here controlling for confounds is essential to get unbiased estimates of generalization performance and to identify the features driving predictions. However, a systematic evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of available alternatives is lacking. This makes it difficult to compare results across studies and to build deployment quality models. Here, we evaluated two commonly used confound removal schemes–whole data confound regression (WDCR) and cross-validated confound regression (CVCR)–to understand their effectiveness and biases induced in generalization performance estimation. Additionally, we study the interaction of the confound removal schemes with Z-score normalization, a common practice in ML modelling. We applied eight combinations of confound removal schemes and normalization (pipelines) to decode sex from resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) data while controlling for two confounds, brain size and age. We show that both schemes effectively remove linear univariate and multivariate confounding effects resulting in reduced model performance with CVCR providing better generalization estimates, i.e., closer to out-of-sample performance than WDCR. We found no effect of normalizing before or after confound removal. In the presence of dataset and confound shift, four tested confound removal procedures yielded mixed results, raising new questions. We conclude that CVCR is a better method to control for confounding effects in neuroimaging studies. We believe that our in-depth analyses shed light on choices associated with confound removal and hope that it generates more interest in this problem instrumental to numerous applications.
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Shi, Dawei, Ling Shi, and Tongwen Chen. "A Set-Valued Filtering Approach." In Event-Based State Estimation, 143–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26606-0_7.

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Fei, Zhongyang, Shuang Shi, and Peng Shi. "Reachable Set Estimation." In Analysis and Synthesis for Discrete-Time Switched Systems, 103–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25812-2_7.

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Blanchini, Franco, and Stefano Miani. "Set-theoretic estimation." In Set-Theoretic Methods in Control, 527–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17933-9_11.

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Saavedra-Nieves, P., W. González-Manteiga, and A. Rodríguez-Casal. "Level Set Estimation." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 299–307. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0569-0_27.

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Muralidharan, K. "Sigma Estimation." In Six Sigma for Organizational Excellence, 67–80. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2325-2_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Darmawan, Mohd Faaizie, Suhaila Mohamad Yusuf, Muhammad Asyraf Rozi, and Habibollah Haron. "Hybrid PSO-ANN for sex estimation based on length of left hand bone." In 2015 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scored.2015.7449382.

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Bin Darmawan, Mohd Faaizie, Mohd Zamri Osman, and Dewi Nasien. "Sex Estimation Model For Asian based on Random Forest Using Length of Left Hand Bone." In 2021 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Sciences (AiDAS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aidas53897.2021.9574387.

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Darmawan, Mohd Faaizie, Ferda Ernawan, Ahmad Firdaus Zainal Abidin, Fajar Agung Nugroho, and Mohd Zamri Osman. "Comparison of Two Classification Models for Sex Estimation Based on Bone Length of Hispanic Population." In 2021 5th International Conference on Informatics and Computational Sciences (ICICoS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicos53627.2021.9651777.

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Shiotani, M., T. Hiyama, Y. Sato, J. Ozawa, and Y. Kobayashi. "Estimation model for lower extremity strength using gait movement measured with inertial sensor considering differences of sex and environment." In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176384.

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Stock, Michala K., Kyra E. Stull, Heather M. Garvin, and Alexandra R. Klales. "Development of modern human subadult age and sex estimation standards using multi-slice computed tomography images from medical examiner’s offices." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Stuart R. Stock, Bert Müller, and Ge Wang. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2237180.

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Combettes, P. L., and H. J. Trussell. "Set theoretic autoregressive spectral estimation." In Fifth ASSP Workshop on Spectrum Estimation and Modeling. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spect.1990.205587.

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Zagrebelny, S. V., S. I. Kavry, and D. O. Skorobogatov. "Estimation of the number, age and sex structure, and seasonal mortality rate of Pacific walruses, Odobenus rosmarus divergens, on the Cape Vankarem coastal haulout in 2017." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-121-127.

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Sparano, Joa˜o V., Eduardo A. Tannuri, Alexandre N. Simos, and Vini´cius L. F. Matos. "On the Estimation of Directional Wave Spectrum Based on Stationary Vessels 1st Order Motions: A New Set of Experimental Results." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57431.

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The practicability of estimating directional wave spectra based on a vessel 1st order response has been recently addressed by several researchers. The interest is justified since on-board estimations would only require only a simple set of accelerometers and rate-gyros connected to an ordinary PC. The on-board wave inference based on 1st order motions is therefore an uncomplicated and inexpensive choice for wave estimation if compared to wave buoys and radar systems. The latest works in the field indicate that it is indeed possible to obtain accurate estimations and a Bayesian inference model seems to be the preferable method adopted for performing this task. Nevertheless, most of the previous analysis has been based exclusively on numerical simulations. At Polytechnic School, an extensive research program supported by Petrobras has been conducted since 2000, aiming to evaluate the possibility of estimating wave spectrum on-board offshore systems, like FPSO platforms. In this context, a series of small-scale tests has been performed at the LabOceano wave basin, comprising long and short crested seas. A possible candidate for on-board wave estimation has been recently studied: a crane barge (BGL) used for launching ducts offshore Brazil. The 1:48 model has been subjected to bow and quartering seas with different wave heights and periods and also different levels of directional spreading. A Bayesian inference method was adopted for evaluating the wave spectra based on the time-series of motions and the results were directly compared to the wave spectra measured in the basin by means of an array of wave probes. Very good estimations of the statistical parameters (significant wave height, peak period and mean wave direction) were obtained and, in most cases, even the directional spreading could be properly predicted. Inversion of the mean direction (180° shift), mentioned by some authors as a possible drawback of the Bayesian inference method, was not observed in any case. Sensitivity analysis on errors in the input parameters, such as the vessel inertial characteristics, has also been performed and attested that the method is robust enough to cope well with practical uncertainties. Overall results once again indicate a good performance of the inference method, providing an important additional validation supported by a large set of model tests.
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Nielsen, Ulrik D. "Response-Based Estimation of Sea State Parameters." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29672.

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Reliable estimation of the on-site sea state parameters is essential to decision support systems for safe navigation of ships. The sea state parameters can be estimated by Bayesian Modelling which uses complex-valued frequency response functions (FRF) to estimate the wave spectrum on the basis of measured ship responses. It is therefore interesting to investigate how the filtering aspect, introduced by FRF, affects the final outcome of the estimation procedures. The paper contains a study based on numerical generated time series, and the study shows that filtering has an influence on the estimations, since high frequency components of the wave excitations are not estimated as accurately as lower frequency components. Moreover, the paper investigates how the final outcome of the Bayesian Modelling is influenced by the accuracy of the FRF. Thus, full-scale data is analysed by use of FRF calculated by a 3-D time domain code and by closed-form (analytical) expressions, respectively. Based on comparisons with wave radar measurements and satellite measurements it is seen that the wave estimations based on closed-form expressions exhibit a reasonable energy content, but the distribution of energy appears to be incorrect.
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Chen, YangQuan, Rongtao Sun, and Anhong Zhou. "An Improved Hurst Parameter Estimator Based on Fractional Fourier Transform." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34242.

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A fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) based estimation method is introduced in this paper to analyze the long range dependence (LRD) in time series. The degree of LRD can be characterized by the Hurst parameter. The FrFT-based estimation of Hurst parameter proposed in this paper can be implemented efficiently allowing very large data set. We used fractional Gaussian noises (FGN) which typically possesses long-range dependence with known Hurst parameters to test the accuracy of the proposed Hurst parameter estimator. For justifying the advantage of the proposed estimator, some other existing Hurst parameter estimation methods, such as wavelet-based method and a global estimator based on dispersional analysis, are compared. The proposed estimator can process the very long experimental time series locally to achieve a reliable estimation of the Hurst parameter.
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Reports on the topic "Sex estimation"

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Bitz, Cecilia M. Intercomparison of Simulated Arctic Snow on Sea Ice and Estimation of Snow-Related Feedbacks on Sea Ice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada600987.

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Greene, Austen T., and John L. Orrell. Estimation of Equivalent Sea Level Cosmic Ray Exposure for Low Background Experiment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1067969.

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McLaughlin, David J. UMass Participation in Air-Sea Flux Estimation in High Wind Boundary Layers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627311.

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McLaughlin, David J. UMass Participation in Air-Sea Flux Estimation in High Wind Boundary Layers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625696.

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Cheung, Tak K. The Effects of Better Environmental Inputs in Estimating Sea Clutter. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada192058.

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Gaponenko, Artiom, and Andrey Golovin. Electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0043.06102017.

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«The electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students» (EM) is developed in document Microsoft Excel with use of macros. EM allows to automate all the calculated operations connected with estimation of amount scored by students in each form of the current control. EM provides automatic calculation of rating of the student with reflection of a maximum quantity of the points received in given educational group. The rating equal to “1” is assigned to the student who has got a maximum quantity of points for the certain date. For the other students the share of their points in this maximum size is indicated. The choice of an estimation is made in an alphabetic format according to requirements of the European translation system of test units for the international recognition of results of educational outcomes (ECTS - European Credit Transfer System), by use of a corresponding scale of an estimation. The list of students is placed on the first page of magazine and automatically displayed on all subsequent pages. For each page of magazine the optimal size of document printing is set with automatic enter of current date and time. Owing to accounting rate of complexity of task EM is the universal technical tool which can be used for any subject matter.
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DiGrande, Laura, Sue Pedrazzani, Elizabeth Kinyara, Melanie Hymes, Shawn Karns, Donna Rhodes, and Alanna Moshfegh. Field Interviewer– Administered Dietary Recalls in Participants’ Homes: A Feasibility Study Using the US Department of Agriculture’s Automated Multiple-Pass Method. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0045.2105.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering the Automated Multiple-Pass Method (AMPM), a widely used tool for collecting 24-hour dietary recalls, in participants’ homes by field interviewers. Design: The design included computer-assisted personal interviews led by either a nutritionist (standard) or field interviewer. Portion estimators tested were a set of three-dimensional food models (standard), a two-dimensional food model booklet, or a tablet with digital images rendered via augmented reality. Setting: Residences in central North Carolina. Participants: English-speaking adults. Pregnant women and individuals who were fasting were excluded. Results: Among 133 interviews, most took place in living rooms (52%) or kitchens (22%). Mean interview time was 40 minutes (range 13–90), with no difference by interviewer type or portion estimator, although timing for nutritionist-led interviews declined significantly over the study period. Forty-five percent of participants referenced items from their homes to facilitate recall and portion estimation. Data entry and post-interview coding was evaluated and determined to be consistent with requirements for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Values for the number of food items consumed, food groups, energy intake (average of 3,011 kcal for men and 2,105 kcal for women), and key nutrients were determined to be plausible and within reasonably expected ranges regardless of interviewer type or portion estimator used. Conclusions: AMPM dietary recall interviews conducted in the home are feasible and may be preferable to clinical administration because of comfort and the opportunity for participants to access home items for recall. AMPMs administered by field interviewers using the food model booklet produced credible nutrition data that was comparable to AMPMs administered by nutritionists. Training field interviewers in dietary recall and conducting home interviews may be sensible choices for nutrition studies when response rates and cost are concerns.
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Kovacs, A., and R. M. Morey. Estimating Sea Ice Thickness From Impulse Radar Sounding Time of Flight Data. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/133654.

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Zeng, Yi, Eric Stallard, and Zhenglian Wang. Estimating time-varying sex-age-specific o/e rates of marital status transitions in family household projection or simulation. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2003-024.

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Hellerstein, Judith, and David Neumark. Production Function and Wage Equation Estimation with Heterogeneous Labor: Evidence from a New Matched Employer-Employee Data Set. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10325.

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