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O'Connor, C., M. B. O'Connor, J. Clancy, and A. Ryan. "Sex toy hygiene." International Journal of STD & AIDS 20, no. 11 (November 2009): 806–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2009.009171.
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Lupton, Mary Jane. "Under Wraps: A History of Menstrual Hygiene Technology (review)." Journal of the History of Sexuality 21, no. 3 (2012): 578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sex.2012.0057.
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Ruiz, Camila, Paulo César Giraldo, José Marcos Sanches, Virgínia Reis, Joziani Beghini, Cristina Laguna, and Rose Luce Amaral. "Daily genital cares of female gynecologists: a descriptive study." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 65, no. 2 (February 2019): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.2.171.
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SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Genital hygiene can play an essential role in avoiding vulvovaginal discomfort and preventing infections. The scientific evidence on best practices on genital hygiene is scarce, and without doubt, gynecologists should be the best person to discuss and guide the subject. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the general genital female gynecologist hygiene. METHODS: This descriptive analytic study identified genital hygiene and sexual practices of 220 female gynecologists, through a questionnaire with 60 self-answered questions. The data were analyzed and presented using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. RESULTS: The studied population was constituted by middle age (37.3 years) and white (71.3%) female gynecologists. More than a half (53.6%) declared spending over 10 hours a day away from home and complained of vaginal discharge in 48.1% of the cases. Regular vulvovaginal hygiene: 17.8% reported washing genitals once a day and 52% twice a day. The use of dry paper alone was reported in 66.4% post urination and 78.5% post-evacuation. Using running water and soap was practiced by 25.9% and 21.5% respectively. Vulvovaginal hygiene related to sex: More than half of them had intercourse 1-3 times a week, and 37.4% and 24.1% had frequent oral sex and eventually anal sexof the participants, respectively. Genital hygiene before sex was positive in 52.7% of the subjects and, post-sex hygiene in 78.5% of them. Conclusion: Genital hygiene habits of female gynecologists can be improved, despite the high grade of scientific knowledge they hold.
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OBAIDAT, MOHAMMAD M., ALAA E. BANI SALMAN, and SHAWKAT Q. LAFI. "Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Imported Fish and Correlations between Antibiotic Resistance and Enterotoxigenicity." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 11 (November 1, 2015): 1999–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-104.
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A total of 156 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from 330 imported fresh fish samples from three countries. Selective media were used for the isolation of S. aureus, and the isolates were confirmed by PCR. The isolates were tested for mecA gene, antibiotic resistance, and enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, and sei). Most isolates carried sea, seg, and sei genes, and seg-sei was the most frequent enterotoxin profile. About 88.5% of the S. aureus exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic. High resistance to penicillin and ampicillin; low resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampin, and clindamycin; and very low resistance to cefotaxime, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin were exhibited by S. aureus from the three countries. In addition, some antibiotic resistance exhibited a strong correlation (P ≤ 0.01) with enterotoxigenicity in S. aureus. The study concluded that the large amount of globally traded fish increases the possibility of intercontinental transmission of enterotoxigenic and multidrug-resistant S. aureus through fish and highlights the potential influence of local fish handling and processing on consumer health worldwide. The introduction of periodic training in food safety and hygiene is essential to increase fish handlers' awareness of good hygienic practices in handling fish. These findings also enrich the ongoing debate about the risk of methicillin- and multidrug-resistant S. aureus as a foodborne pathogen compared with drug-susceptible S. aureus.
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Sax, Hugo, Ilker Uçkay, Hervé Richet, Benedetta Allegranzi, and Didier Pittet. "Determinants of Good Adherence to Hand Hygiene Among Healthcare Workers Who Have Extensive Exposure to Hand Hygiene Campaigns." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 28, no. 11 (November 2007): 1267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/521663.
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Objective.To quantify the different behavioral components of healthcare workers' motivation to comply with hand hygiene in a healthcare institution with a 10-year history of hand hygiene campaigning.Design.Cross-sectional study, by use of an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire.Setting.A 2,200-bed university teaching hospital.Participants.A stratified random sample of 2,961 medical and nursing staff.Results.A total of 1,042 questionnaires (35.2%) were returned. Of the respondents, 271 (26.0%) were physicians, 629 (60.4%) were nurses, and 141 (13.5%) were nursing assistants. Overall, 1,008 respondents provided information about sex; 718 (71.2%) of these were women. Respondents provided demographic information and data about various behavioral, normative, and control beliefs that determined their intentions with respect to performing hand hygiene. Among behavioral beliefs, the perception that healthcare-associated infections are severe for patients was highly ranked as a determinant of behavior by 331 (32.1%) of the respondents, and the perception that hand hygiene is effective at preventing these infections was ranked highly by 891 respondents (86.0%). Among normative beliefs, perceived social pressure from patients to perform hand hygiene was ranked highly by 760 respondents (73.7%), pressure from superiors was ranked highly by 687 (66.8%), pressure from colleagues was ranked highly by 596 (57.9%), and pressure from the person perceived to be most influential was ranked highly by 687 (68.8%). Among control beliefs, the perception that hand hygiene is relatively easy to perform was rated highly by 670 respondents (65.1%). High self-reported rates of adherence to hand hygiene (defined as performance of proper hand hygiene during 80% or more of hand hygiene opportunities) was independently associated with female sex, receipt of training in hand hygiene, participation in a previous hand hygiene campaign, peer pressure from colleagues, perceived good adherence by colleagues, and the perception that hand hygiene is relatively easy to perform.Conclusions.In a setting with a long tradition of hand hygiene campaigns, behavioral beliefs are strongly in favor of hand hygiene, but adherence is driven by peer pressure and the perception of high self-efficacy, rather than by reasoning about the impact of hand hygiene on patient safety. Female sex, training, and campaign exposure increased the likelihood of compliance with hand hygiene. This additional insight can help to shape future promotional activity.
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Garg, Shallu, Anu Bhardwaj, Anshu Mittal, and Suresh Bhonsla. "A study of menstrual hygiene management in urban and rural adolescent girls in Ambala (Haryana)." Indian Journal of Community Health 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i01.023.
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Background: Adolescent girls often lack knowledge regarding reproductive health including menstruation hygiene. Poor menstrual hygiene can be a precursor reproductive tract infections and even cancer cervix. Objectives: To study the menstrual hygiene management among rural and urban school going adolescent girls Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 420 adolescent girls (10 - 19 years). A self-designed semi- structured questionnaire was used to study the knowledge and practise regarding menstrual hygiene. Results: Knowledge about menstruation before attainment of menarche was 69% in urban and 58.9% in rural. Mother was the main source of information. Still 23.6% girls were using cloth or towels as menstrual absorbent, and 26.6% girls in rural area were washing their menstrual absorbent to be reused.91.7% and 81% girls had some restriction during menstruation Conclusion: Awareness in urban adolescent girls was more in comparison to rural girls. The usage of sanitary pads was similar in both rural and urban areas. Menstrual hygiene was better in urban than rural areas. It is imperative that adolescent girls be educated about the, significance of menstruation, and proper hygienic practices during menstruation. Sex education in school curriculum can help in resolving misconceptions about menstruation.
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Hidaka, Rena, Junichi Furuya, Akira Nishiyama, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Michiyo Aoyagi, Chiaki Matsubara, Yu Yoshizumi, et al. "Structural Equation Modeling of Tongue Function and Tongue Hygiene in Acute Stroke Patients." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 4567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094567.
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In acute stroke patients, it is important to maintain tongue hygiene and tongue function for prognosis management. However, the direct relationship between these factors is unclear, since these are often assessed by multiple observables. In this study, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, a tool to analyze the relationship between concepts that cannot be measured directly, to analyze the relationship between tongue hygiene and tongue function. The subjects were 73 patients with acute stroke admitted to a university hospital who underwent dental intervention. Age, sex, nutritional intake method, clinical severity classification of dysphagia, number of current teeth, number of functional teeth, oral health, tongue movement, tongue coating, number of microorganisms on the tongue surface, tongue surface moisture level, and tongue pressure were measured at the first visit. SEM analysis showed that the relationship between tongue function and tongue hygiene was 0.05 between tongue function and swallowing function was 0.90, and that between tongue hygiene and swallowing function was 0.09. We found no statistical relationship between tongue function and tongue hygiene in acute stroke patients. However, it was reconfirmed that tongue function is strongly related to feeding and swallowing functions.
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Bonah, Christian. "“A word from man to man”. Interwar Venereal Disease Education Films for Military Audiences in France." Gesnerus 72, no. 1 (November 11, 2015): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07201002.
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In the 1910s, in the wake of the glorious decade of syphilography (1900–1910), the early health education films lay the groundwork for a pragmatic approach to the containment of venereal diseases combining (early) diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis. Realizing that WWI was turning into a durable military conflict, the French Army created a Cinematographic Section (SCA) in 1915 for the purposes of war propaganda and documentation. In 1916, secretary of war Justin Godard declared syphilis a “national public danger” and initiated information campaigns in military and civilian spheres. Conferences accompanied with film screenings were organized for all new military recruits, resulting in the production of a series sex hygiene films for military audiences characterized by a short, evocative and precise documentary style, contrasting with the romantic sex hygiene films aimed at the general public. This contribution examines the cinematographic origins of the instructional films for the military, as well as their evolution up to WWII and their influence on public sex hygiene films for civilians in the interwar period in France.
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de Arriba-Fernández, Alejandro, Manuel Jesús Molina-Cabrillana, Ana Hernández-Aceituno, and Fernando José García-López. "Evaluation of training on the programs to optimize antimicrobial use in medical residents of the province of Las Palmas." Revista Española de Quimioterapia 33, no. 6 (August 12, 2020): 309–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.37201/req/066.2020.
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Background. Antibiotic resistance is a threat to global public health. This situation makes essential to establish programs to optimize antimicrobial use (PROA). Training needs are identified in the PROA of resident physicians and the results of the analysis of the associations between study variables and training in the rational and prudent use of antibiotics are presented in this analysis. Methods. Cross-sectional and analytical study through a self-administered questionnaire to a group of 506 medical residents of the province of Las Palmas. The association between resident’s characteristics and PROA training was calculated through logistic regression. Results. The associations between response variance and speciality were observed in most of the core component analysis (opportunity p=0.003, training p=0.007, motivation p=0.055 and hand hygiene p=0.044), followed by variance according to sex (capacity p=0.028, theoretical knowledge p=0.013, hand hygiene p=0.002). Very few differences were associated with age (capacity p=0,051 and hand hygiene p=0,054) or the year of expertise (hand hygiene p=0,032). Conclusions. The main training needs of resident physicians include one health, motivation, training, hand hygiene and information. The type of speciality followed by sex are the most important determinants on antibiotic use and resistance for resident physicians
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Marques, Luzia A., José Eluf-Neto, Rejane A. O. Figueiredo, José F. de Góis-Filho, Luiz P. Kowalski, Marcos B. de Carvalho, Márcio Abrahão, and Victor Wünsch-Filho. "Oral health, hygiene practices and oral cancer." Revista de Saúde Pública 42, no. 3 (June 2008): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102008000300012.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between oral health and hygiene practices and oral cancer. METHODS: Hospital-based case-control study in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, from 1998 to 2002. A total 309 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth and the pharynx and 468 controls matched by sex and age were included in the study. Cases were recruited in seven reference hospitals and controls were selected in five out of the seven participating hospitals. Detailed information on smoking, alcohol consumption, schooling, oral health status and hygiene practices were obtained through interviews. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), adjusted by sex, age, schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption as well as the variables oral health status and hygiene practices were estimated using unconditional logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The use of complete dental prosthesis was not associated with oral cancer but regular gum bleeding showed a strong association (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.2-7.9). Those who never attended a dental visit were more likely to have oral cancer (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.3-4.8). Daily mouthwash use showed a stronger association to pharynx (OR 4.7; 95% CI 1.8-12.5) than mouth cancer (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.6-6.3). CONCLUSIONS: Gum bleeding, no dental care, and daily mouthwash use were factors associated with oral cancer regardless of tobacco and alcohol consumption.
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Zafar, Abu-Bakar, Jayne Ness, Sarah Dowdy, Kristin Avis, and Khurram Bashir. "Examining sleep, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in pediatric multiple sclerosis patients." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 18, no. 4 (September 30, 2011): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511424307.
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Background: About 2–5% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience their first symptoms before age 18. Sleep disorders occur frequently in MS. The prevalence of sleep problems and their impact on fatigue and daytime sleepiness in pediatric MS is unknown. Objective: To determine whether pediatric MS patients have more sleep disturbances, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness compared with an age-, sex-, and race-matched control group. Methods: Patients and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls were surveyed to quantify daytime sleepiness via the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep quality and hygiene through the Adolescent Sleep Wake and Hygiene Scale, respectively, and fatigue using the PediatricQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Results: Pediatric MS patients ( n = 30) and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls ( n = 52) had similar levels of fatigue; however, when compared with previously published historical controls, both groups reported worse fatigue across all dimensions ( p < 0.05). Pediatric MS patients also had similar sleep quality compared with the matched controls, but reported better sleep hygiene on the ‘sleep stability’ dimension ( p < 0.05). In addition, pediatric MS patients had less daytime sleepiness than the matched controls ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although patients with MS reported similar levels of fatigue, they have better sleep hygiene, which could possibly account for the decreased amount of excessive daytime sleepiness. Also, when compared with historical controls, the MS and control samples reported more fatigue. Thus, caution must be taken when using published control data, especially when not properly matched.
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Prakash, Sandeep, Rashmita Nayak, Gopal Krishna Choudhury, Sumit Deshpande, KP Ashok, and BR Spoorthi. "The Role of Plasma Female Sex Hormones on Gingivitis in Pregnancy: A Clinicobiochemical Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 6 (2012): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1225.
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ABSTRACT Objectives To correlate the changes in the level of female sex hormones (progesterone, estrogen) in plasma with the changes in severity of gingivitis in various trimesters of pregnancy till the postparturition. Materials and methods This study comprised of 20 pregnant women with good oral hygiene who were followed up in each trimester till 3rd month of postpartum by screening their oral hygiene status following OHI-S index by Greene and Vermillion. Clinically to correlate gingivitis, gingival index by Loe and Sillness was carried out in each trimester till postpartum. For hormonal assay, blood sampling by venipuncture was done and quantative analysis of the hormones was done by ELISA test. Results and conclusion The severity of gingivitis gradually increased and reached its peak in 3rd trimester followed by sudden decline in the severity in postpartum which correlated with gradual increase in the plasma level of progesterone and estrogen levels to reach their peak in the 3rd trimester and sudden fall after the postpartum. This study shows the role of female sex hormones in aggravating gingivitis to its peak in the 3rd trimester, even though the oral hygiene remains fairly good constantly. Clinical significance This study signifies the gingivitis status during different trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum indicating the general practitioner to take appropriate oral hygiene measures. How to cite this article Nayak R, Choudhury GK, Prakash S, Deshpande S, Ashok KP, Spoorthi BR. The Role of Plasma Female Sex Hormones on Gingivitis in Pregnancy: A Clinicobiochemical Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6): 760-763.
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Hasan, AHM, Fakir Sameul Alam, Md Tufael Hossain, and Maksuda Begum. "Sanitation status of a rural area of Mymensingh." Community Based Medical Journal 7, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v7i2.55453.
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In Bangladesh majority of people live in rural area. Sanitation is important for health promotion, and disease prevention. To know sanitary condition of rural people of Mymensingh, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and the sampling technique was purposive. Data were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Sanitation status was assessed by scoring on selected components of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. A total of 514 villagers (202 male, 312 female) participated in the study. Age of respondents ranged from 10 years to 75 years; mean age was 36.23 years with a standard deviation of ±13.736 years. Females were mostly housewives (92%), males were mostly farmers (37%). Among respondents 96% had own house, 58% had cultivable land and 26% were poor. Sanitation in this study included personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Scoring was done based on correct response on selected items of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (80% and more: excellent, 60 to 79 percent: good, below 60 percent: bad). Personal hygiene practices included were daily bathing, hand washing with soap and water in relevant occasions, washing vegetables, fruits, covering cooked and served food. About 95% had excellent score on personal hygiene. This excellent score was more observed among respondents with increasing age, female sex, service holders, housewives and better socioeconomic condition. Environmental sanitation included safe water supply, sanitary latrine, good house, no animal in house and if present kept in cattle shed in safe distance, hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse. 95% had safe water supply, 75% had water seal latrine, 44% had good house and 26% had no animals. Those who kept animals only 23% kept them in cattle shed in safe distance. Hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse were 25% and 43.4% respectively. Environmental sanitation based on safe water supply and water seal latrine was excellent and good respectively but based on other 4 components the status was not satisfactory. Despite hardship,sanitary conditions were better thanthe results of other studies in Bangladesh and in other developing countries. Hygiene practices were praiseworthy. Improvement of socioeconomic condition and continuous health education will further improve the situation.
CBMJ 2018 July: Vol. 07 No. 02 P: 34-41
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VOLLAARD, A. M., S. ALI, H. A. G. H. VAN ASTEN, I. SUHARIAH ISMID, S. WIDJAJA, L. G. VISSER, Ch SURJADI, and J. T. VAN DISSEL. "Risk factors for transmission of foodborne illness in restaurants and street vendors in Jakarta, Indonesia." Epidemiology and Infection 132, no. 5 (October 2004): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804002742.
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In a previous risk factor study in Jakarta we identified purchasing street food as an independent risk factor for paratyphoid. Eating from restaurants, however, was not associated with disease. To explain these findings we compared 128 street food-vendors with 74 food handlers from restaurants in a cross-sectional study in the same study area. Poor hand-washing hygiene and direct hand contact with foods, male sex and low educational level were independent characteristics of street vendors in a logistic regression analysis. Faecal contamination of drinking water (in 65% of samples), dishwater (in 91%) and ice cubes (in 100%) was frequent. Directly transmittable pathogens including S. typhi (n=1) and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (n=6) were isolated in faecal samples in 13 (7%) vendors; the groups did not differ, however, in contamination rates of drinking water and Salmonella isolation rates in stools. Poor hygiene of street vendors compared to restaurant vendors, in combination with faecal carriage of enteric pathogens including S. typhi, may help explain the association found between purchasing street food and foodborne illness, in particular Salmonella infections. Public health interventions to reduce transmission of foodborne illness should focus on general hygienic measures in street food trade, i.e. hand washing with soap, adequate food-handling hygiene, and frequent renewal of dishwater.
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Tzvetanova, Nevena V., Joana I. Simeonova, and Yanka I. Tzvetanova. "Risk Sexual Behaviour In Students Aged 12-18." Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcr-2015-0139.
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Summary The aim of this study was to identify risk sexual behavior in students aged 12-18 in Veliko Turnovo region. A cross-sectional study was carried-out in 2014. Three hundred and ten students attending seven schools filled in a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included 48 questions, sixteen of which collected information about sexual behaviour, regarding contraception, casual sex with different partners, sexually transmitted diseases (STD), hygiene after sex, etc. The data were processed with SPSS.v.19. Parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were applied. Over 50% of the students reported being sexually active, most of them since they turned 16. Almost half of the respondents had had casual sexual partners and 46 percent had had sex within a week after initiation of a new relationship. Less than one third of the students reported safe sex behaviour. Seven percent of the students had a history of STDs, and one in six did not practice proper hygiene after sex. Identification of all aspects of risk sexual behavior in students aged 12-18 provides an opportunity to study the problem systematically and comprehensively. Planning and implementation of effective health education programs in schools require the application of an integrated approach with the participation of students, teachers, parents, health professionals and policy makers.
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Rapiasih, Ni Wayan, Yeni Prawiningdyah, and Lily Arsanti Lestari. "Pelatihan hygiene sanitasi dan poster berpengaruh terhadap pengetahuan, perilaku penjamah makanan, dan kelaiakan hygiene sanitasi di instalasi gizi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2010): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17738.
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Background: The problem of food hygiene sanitation in hospital is closely related to the incidence of nosocomial infection which is estimated to be high considering that the condition of hospitals and health in general is still relatively not very good. A way to transmit nosocomial infection is through food. Staff hygiene is a factor requiring attention in order that the product of nutrition installation is of quality and safe to consume.Objective: To identify the effect of training and posting of food hygiene sanitation to knowledge, healthy behavior of food handlers in efforts to improve food safety and sanitation hygiene appropriateness.Method: This was a time series quasi experiment with one group pre test and post test design. Samples consisted of 44 people of senior level education in charge of food service to patient in class I, II, and III. Every subject was given training using lecture, discussion and demonstration method for one day. Poster was posted a month after training. Data obtained consisted of sex, age, marital status, duration of occupation, place of work, knowledge, behavior, food safety in food serving utensil for inpatients and sanitation hygiene appropriateness. Assessment was made before, one month and two months after training. Data analysis used paired Sample t-test and chi-square.Results: There was signifcant improvement in knowledge and healthy behavior before and after training plus poster showed with p<0.001. There was signifcant difference in sex and behavior before training with p=0.045 and a month after training with p<0.001. There was signifcant association between place of work and behavior a month after training with p=0.021. There was signifcant difference in total plate count one month and two months after training with p=0.049. In addition, there was an increased quality of sanitation hygiene appropriateness before and after training plus poster showed.Conclusion: There was an increasing of knowledge, behavior of food handlers, sanitation hygiene appropriateness, before and after training plus poster. There was an improvement in quality food safety one and two months after training.
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Kerr, Kara-Lynne, Stephanie Joyce Rosero, and Richard L. Doty. "Odors and the Perception of Hygiene." Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, no. 1 (February 2005): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.1.135-141.
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Although certain odors, such as lemon, are commonly associated with cleanliness and positive hygiene, empirical assessment of such associations for other odors and attributes is generally lacking. Moreover, differences between men and women in such associations have not been established. In this study of lemon, onion, pine, and smoke odors, ratings were obtained from 142 men and 336 women ( M age = 30.1 yr., SD = 12.3) for odor intensity, gender association (masculine/feminine), and the success, sociability, intelligence, cleanliness, and attractiveness of a hypothetical person whose clothes smell like the odor in question. Ratings of the pleasantness or unpleasantness one would attribute to each odor in various rooms of the home were obtained, as well as a specification of whether such ratings are influenced by laundry habits, e.g., whether laundry is smelled before or after washing. Numerous associations were found. For example, a hypothetical person whose clothes smell of pine was rated as relatively more successful, intelligent, sociable, sanitary, and attractive than one whose clothes smelled of lemon, onion, or smoke. Sex differences, as well as differences between people who reported smelling their own laundry, were also found.
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Rokhmah, Dewi, Shinta Dwi Nurwidyansyah, and Erwin Nur Rif'ah. "Perempuan dan IMS : Perilaku Menjaga Personal Hygiene Organ Reproduksi pada Pekerja Seks Langsung di Indonesia." Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia 15, no. 1 (March 7, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpki.15.1.36-41.
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Background: The localization of prostitution in Jember District has been closed permanently since 2007. It causes the hidden prostitution business that has been increasing in the street or as indirect sex work. This condition makes the limited access to provide information, condoms and STDs screening among female sex workers (FSWs). Besides using condom, washing reproductive organs are often conducted to prevent STDs. This study aims to explore the behavior of FSWs in washing and lubricating reproductive organs. Method: This is a qualitative research which involved 12 FSWs in three areas of ex-localization in South Jember, 5 pims and health staffs. Data were collected through indepth-interviews and observation of work areas. Thematic content analysis was employed to identify themes and patterns of data. Results: The behavior of genital hygiene among FSWs to keep healthy was relatively categorized not good. Beside low consistent in condom use, most of them wash their vagina using traditional herbs or soap. They also often drink traditional herbs to prevent STDs. Lack of knowledge and support from the pimps and health staffs to use condom during sex made them vulnerable from STDs. Changing panties routinely and avoid anal sex were practiced among FSWs to have safe sex.
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Husna, Riyana, Tri Joko, and Nurjazuli Nurjazuli. "Faktor Risiko Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Skabies Di Indonesia : Literatur Review." Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47718/jkl.v11i1.1340.
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Scabies is a skin disease caused by infestation and sensitization of the Sarcoptes Scabiei v. Hominis mite that occurs in communities, groups, or families living in dense, low economy, and low knowledge. Maintenance of personal hygiene strongly determines the health status, where the individual consciously and on the personal initiative to maintain health dan prevent disease. Objective: Know more about the personal effect of hygiene on the incidence of scabies. Methods: Using literature studies from both national and international journals by summarizing the topic of discussion and comparing the results presented in the article. Results: There is a significant influence between personal hygiene habits, environmental sanitation, physical conditions of water, level of knowledge, density of room occupancy, age, sex, room ventilation area, bed, keteter installation, length of stay and water bacteriological examination. with the incidence of scabies. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, physical water conditions, level of knowledge, age, occupancy density. someone with an incidence of scabies
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Callander, Denton, Étienne Meunier, Ryan DeVeau, Christian Grov, Basil Donovan, Victor Minichiello, Alicia Singham Goodwin, and Dustin T. Duncan. "Sex workers are returning to work and require enhanced support in the face of COVID-19: results from a longitudinal analysis of online sex work activity and a content analysis of safer sex work guidelines." Sexual Health 17, no. 4 (2020): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh20128.
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Sex workers confront unique challenges in the face of COVID-19. Data from an international sex work website popular with cisgender men and transgender men and women suggest that, after a period of physical distancing, many sex workers are returning to in-person work: from May to August 2020, active sex work profiles increased 9.4% (P < 0.001) and newly created profiles increased by 35.6% (P < 0.001). Analysis of sex work and COVID-19 guidelines published by five community-based organisations found that they focused on altering sexual practices, enhancing hygiene and pivoting to virtual work. To capitalise on these guidelines, funding and research for implementation and evaluation are needed to support COVID-19 risk reduction strategies for sex workers.
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Kaskova, L. F., T. B. Mandziuk, S. Ch Novikova, and L. P. Ulasevych. "LEVEL OF ORAL HYGIENE IN CHILDREN DURING THE FIRST PERIOD OF MIXED DENTITION." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 21, 2018): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2018.12.
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During the first period of mixed dentition, when secondary dentition processes begin, children have a certain feeling of discomfort in their oral cavity, as well as pain during personal oral care procedures. This, in turn, causes gentler cleaning that contributes to dental deposits and development of caries.
Studies of oral cavity condition in children during the first period of mixed dentition have shown that level of hygiene in children with caries is always worse than in children without caries irrespectively of their age or sex. A better mouth hygiene index is observed in children aged between 7 and 9, which is explained by the improvement of manual skills in older children. Girls brush their teeth more properly, which is confirmed by a higher level of their oral hygiene compared to boys.
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Chan, Eugene Y. "Dirty weekends and personal hygiene products: The embodiment of casual sex in marketing." Psychology & Marketing 36, no. 6 (February 22, 2019): 587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.21198.
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Ulitovskiy, S. B., A. A. Vasyanina, O. V. Kalinina, E. S. Alekseeva, A. A. Leontiev, L. I. Pankratieva, A. V. Shevcov, A. Yu Gulieva, and A. V. Antipova. "Study of the dynamics of hygienic, periodontal and dental status in different population groups." Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University 26, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2019-26-4-49-55.
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Introduction. The study of the main dental statuses begins with the determination of indicators of the state of quality of oral hygiene and periodontal tissues. Given these factors, dentists should choose the most suitable for use in the appropriate age-sex and professional groups, taking into account the existing harmful factors of the external and internal environment, and occupational hazards.The objective was to determine the hygienic and dental status in different population groups by studying the parameters of the main dental diseases and to draw a parallel between them and the level of hygienic knowledge in these groups, for the correction of hygiene and preventive measures as the main way to prevent these diseases.Methods and materials. The study involved 307 people who were not burdened with general somatic pathology, of which 6 age groups were formed. Dental status was determined using the Green-Vermillion hygiene index, PMA and Mühlemann and Son periodontal indices. In order to study the level of hygienic knowledge and skills of the population, a survey was conducted using a Questionnaire and its assessment by the index of hygienic knowledge of S. B. Ulitovskiy.Results. As a result of the study, a decrease in the Green – Vermillion index was found in group 1 from (2.13±0.38) to (1.07±0.27), in group 5 – from (2.83±0.14) to (0.75±0.09); in group 6, the index at the beginning of the study was (3.47±0.12), and by the end, it decreased to (1.93±0.05), which reflects an increase in the cleansing efficiency in various groups of the population. The positive dynamics of the anti-inflammatory efficiency was observed in the 1st group from (16.81±3.52) to (8.15±1.64) %; in the 5th group, indicators has decreased by 3 times, from (18.86±0.65) to (6.53±0.77) %, in the 6th group – from (19.24±0.43) to (7.01±1.19) %. As a result of the study, it was found that the state of periodontal tissues in the 6th group according to the index of bleeding Mühlemann and Son was (9.21±2.33) %, and by the end of the study reached (5.49±1.63) %, in the 5th group – from (11.29±1.98) to (5.31±1.62) %; in the 2nd group, the indicators for the index of bleeding decreased from (11.67±0.69) to (5.00±0.28) %. In the groups, there was a decrease in the survival of hygienic knowledge, which determined the need for dental education among the population in different age groups.Conclusion. Application of individual hygienic programs of prevention of dental diseases on the basis of consistently performed hygienic procedures using various means of oral hygiene confirms the effectiveness of the activities taking into account personal hygiene indicators and dental status.Authors declare no conflict of interest.The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.
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Ross, Mike C., Phillip M. Campbell, Larry P. Tadlock, Reginald W. Taylor, and Peter H. Buschang. "Effect of automated messaging on oral hygiene in adolescent orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/040618-260.1.
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ABSTRACTObjective:To determine whether automated text messages sent daily to adolescent orthodontic patients improves oral hygiene more than weekly reminders.Materials and Methods:A blinded, prospective, randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effects of automated messages on oral hygiene. Subjects were recruited from patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics. They were being treated with a variety of fixed full appliances in both arches. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a once-a-week text message group or a daily text message group. There were 52 females and 27 males who were 12 to 17 years of age. Oral hygiene was measured at the beginning of the study and again 8.6 ± 0.9 weeks later.Results:The daily reminder group (N = 42) had significantly greater improvements in oral hygiene compliance than the weekly reminder group (N = 37). The daily score decreases were 48%, 21% and 19% for the bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI), respectively. The weekly score decreases were 27%, 14% and 13% for the BI, PI, and GI. There were no sex differences in hygiene changes during the study. The 42% of patients who completed the survey at the end of the study wanted more frequent messages and reported that messages related to decreasing treatment time were the most effective, while those related to oral hygiene were the least effective.Conclusions:Daily text messages are more effective at improving oral hygiene than weekly text messages.
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Maier, Heinz, Joachim Zöller, Achim Herrmann, Martin Kreiss, and Wolf-Dieter Heller. "Dental Status and Oral Hygiene in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 108, no. 6 (June 1993): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310800606.
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Poor oral hygiene is believed to play a role as a risk factor for head and neck cancer, especially for oral cancer. Only few epidemiologic data exist about dental status and oral hygiene in these patients. We performed a case-control study involving 100 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestlve tract and 214 age- and sex-matched control subjects with no known tumorous disease. In the tumor patients, oral hygiene and dental status proved to be significantly worse: The majority of the tumor patients seldom or never brushed their teeth and the frequency of dental visits was significantly lower. Tartar of 3 mm or more was found in 40.9% of the tumor patients and in 22% of the control subjects. In the tumor group, the incidence of decayed teeth was significantly higher compared with the control subjects. Chronic Inflammation of the gingiva was observed in 28% of the tumor patients vs. 13.5% in the control gorup. Oral hygiene was negatively correlated with alcohol as well as with tobacco consumption. The social status of subjects also correlated with oral hygiene, which was found to be worst in subjects from the lower social strata. The present study revealed a poor dental status and oral hygiene in patients with head and neck cancer. The pathogenetic mechanism being associated with this suspected risk factor remains to be investigated.
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Khazaie, Habibolah, Azita Chehri, Kheirollah Sadeghi, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Akram Soleimani, and Zahra Rezaei. "Sleep Hygiene Pattern and Behaviors and Related Factors among General Population in West Of Iran." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 8 (December 18, 2015): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n8p114.
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<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Sleep hygiene was found as an important predictor for sleep quality. People’s sleep hygiene can have a major role in their daily function. The purpose of the study was to determine sleep hygiene patterns and sleep hygiene behaviors and factors affecting them in the general population of Kermanshah, Iran.</p><p><strong>MATERIAL & METHODS:</strong> In this cross-sectional study, 1829 men and 1262 women were selected randomly from 50 clusters of different parts of the city. The inclusion criteria were age between 12 and 65 years and living in Kermanshah. The exclusion criteria were psychiatric disorder and known general medical conditions that affecting sleep. The data collection instruments were demographic questionnaire and Sleep Hygiene Questionnaire, consisted of 13 items about biological rhythm and bed room environment and behaviors that affecting sleep. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16 software.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The highest percentage was obtained for irregular woke and went up from day to day or at weekend and holidays (74.8%). Only 213 (6.9%) participants were classified as having good sleep hygiene (score 12-14). The mean age of very poor, poor, moderate, and good sleepers was 34.8 ± 14.4, 33.7 ± 17.4, 36.5 ± 13.8, and 35 ± 13.7years, respectively. There were significant differences between the age of poor and moderate sleepers and also sleep hygiene patterns with respect to sex, education level and job.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Poor sleep hygiene were more frequent in Iranian peoples and the major problem in sleep hygiene in our study was inappropriate sleep schedule.</p>
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Lipsky, Martin S., Sharon Su, Carlos J. Crespo, and Man Hung. "Men and Oral Health: A Review of Sex and Gender Differences." American Journal of Men's Health 15, no. 3 (May 2021): 155798832110163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15579883211016361.
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Sex and gender related health disparities in oral health remain an underappreciated and often over looked aspect of well-being. The goal of this narrative review is to identify sex and gender related oral health disparities by summarizing the current literature related to differences in oral health between men and women. The review identified that men are more likely to: ignore their oral health, have poorer oral hygiene habits, and experience higher rates of periodontal disease, oral cancer, and dental trauma. Men also visit dentists less frequently and compared to women seek oral treatment more often for an acute problem and less often for disease prevention. Women exhibit more positive attitudes about dental visits, greater oral health literacy, and demonstrate better oral health behaviors than men. Men disproportionately develop periodontal diseases due to a combination of biological and gender related reasons including immune system factors, hormone differences, poorer oral hygiene behaviors, and greater tobacco use. There is a male to female ratio of 2:1 for oral cancer, largely attributable to more tobacco use, heavier use of alcohol, and longer sun exposure. Minority men experience a disproportionate burden of oral health disparities because of both their gender and race/ethnic identities. In conclusion, this review identifies several differences between men and women related to oral health and highlights the need for further research to better understand these disparities and how to incorporate them into developing prevention, education and treatment strategies to improve oral health in men.
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Chan, Michael Kam Tim, King Man Ho, and Kuen Kong Lo. "A behaviour sentinel surveillance for female sex workers in the Social Hygiene Service in Hong Kong (1999–2000)." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 815–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646202321020071.
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Behavioural serial sentinel surveillance survey for female sex workers (FSWs) was carried out in the Government Social Hygiene Clinics in Hong Kong during 1999 and 2000. A total of 1366 and 1451 FSWs participated in the questionnaire survey respectively. The results showed that the majority of FSWs attending the clinics were of Chinese ethnicity (83.8%, 87.6%) while Thai (13.0%, 9.4%) and Filipino (2.1%, 2.7%) were the main foreign ethnic groups. The karaoke night club was the most frequent reported workplace (32.0%, 32.6%) followed by a club (8.9%, 11.7%) and free-lancing (8.6%, 9.0%). The proportion of FSWs who always used condoms in vaginal sex with commercial sex partners was 70.9% and 75.0% respectively ( P = 0.038). Compared with previous results, a rising trend of condom use by FSWs in commercial sex was observed. However, there was a relatively low condom use during commercial oral sexual intercourse (30.7%, 36.6%) and sex with their regular sex partners in all forms of sexual activities. Client dislike is the main attributed factor for not wearing condoms. The point prevalence of both infectious syphilis and HIV infection was 0.1% in both years. These data are useful for planning, resource allocation and evaluation of outreach activities and STI services targeting at FSWs and their clients. They provide a sampling framework for further surveillance.
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Andjelski-Radicevic, Biljana, Obrad Zelic, Silvija Mirkovic, and Tatjana Todorovic. "Periodontal condition in diabetics in Belgrade." Vojnosanitetski pregled 65, no. 11 (2008): 799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0811799a.
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Background/Aim. Diabetes mellitus (DM) as a complex metabolic disease influences functioning of numerous organs. Therefore, frequent diabetic complication is chronic periodontitis. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of various risk factors, like age, sex, duration of DM, oral hygiene, on oral manifestations of diabetes. Methods. The group of diabetics included 52 adult patients, 18-79-year of age, both sexes (33 females, 19 males) out of which 35 patients were with diabetes mellitus type I and 17 with type II. Mean age of the patients was 54.6 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 11.1 years. The controls consited of 67 volunteers from the city of Belgrade, 19-24-year of age, both sexes (47 females, 20 males) with no paradonthopathy and non-systemic diseases. Estimation of periodontal status of the patients was performed by measuring dental plaque index, gingival index and periodontal pockets' depth. Results. The results suggest an increased incidence and severity of periodontitis in diabetic patients. It was established that duration of diabetes, patients' age and bad oral hygiene had a negative influence on status of remained teeth in diabetics, while the sex had no influence on parameters monitored. Conclusion. Indices of oral hygiene level and periodontal status (dental plaque index, gingival index and periodontal pockets' depth) were significantly worsened in patients with diabetes. Negative influence on remained teeth had patients' age (>50 years), duration of diabetes (> 20 years) and bad oral hygiene. About half of the patients had a total or partial bridge suggesting that periodontitis is significant complication of diabetes mellitus.
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Sharma, Anjali, Elizabeth Bukusi, Samuel Posner, Douglas Feldman, Elizabeth Ngugi, and Craig R. Cohen. "Sex preparation and diaphragm acceptability in sex work in Nairobi, Kenya." Sexual Health 3, no. 4 (2006): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh06021.
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Background: Women in sex work stand to benefit if the contraceptive diaphragm alone or combined with a microbicide proves to be an effective barrier method against HIV and sexually transmissible infection (STI). Currently, contraceptive diaphragm users are advised to leave the diaphragm in situ without concomitant use of other intravaginal substances for at least 6 h after intercourse. Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews on sexual behaviour including post-coital intravaginal practices with 36 women in sex work and 26 of their clients and held two focus-group discussions, each with 10 women. Results: The women described adapting several potentially harmful substances, such as cloth and soapy water, for post-coital vaginal use to ensure personal hygiene, disease prevention and client pleasure. Some wanted to clean themselves and remove the diaphragm early, fearing exposure to HIV infection for themselves and their subsequent clients. Clients indicated their desire for ‘dry sex’, vaginal cleanliness and reduced risk of infection through vaginal cleaning. Conclusions: The diaphragm as a female-controlled barrier method for HIV/STI prevention may have limited acceptability among women in sex work if its effectiveness depends on a 6-h post-coital wait before removal, along with avoidance of concomitant use of intravaginal substances. In keeping with the beliefs of the the female sex workers and their needs and practices, alternative intravaginal substances and modes of insertion that will not disrupt vaginal flora, injure vaginal epithelium, damage the diaphragm or counteract potentially beneficial effects of microbicides are needed. The possibility of removing the diaphragm sooner than the recommended 6 h for contraception should be further studied.
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Gaither, Thomas W., Mohannad A. Awad, E. Charles Osterberg, Tami S. Rowen, Alan W. Shindel, and Benjamin N. Breyer. "Prevalence and Motivation: Pubic Hair Grooming Among Men in the United States." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 620–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316661315.
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Pubic hair grooming is a growing phenomenon and is associated with body image and sexual activity. A nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 to 65 years residing in the United States was conducted. Differences in demographic and sexual characteristics between groomers and nongroomers were explored. Four thousand one hundred and ninety-eight men completed the survey. Of these men, 2,120 (50.5%) reported regular pubic hair grooming. The prevalence of grooming decreases with age, odds ratio = 0.95 (95% confidence interval [0.94, 0.96]), p < .001. Adjusting for sexual frequency and sexual orientation, grooming is associated with performing and receiving oral sex. The majority of men report grooming in preparation for sexual activity with a peak prevalence of 73% among men aged 25 to 34 years, followed by hygiene (61%) and routine care (44%). The majority of men who remove their pubic hair groom the hair above the penis (87%), followed by the scrotum (66%) and the penile shaft (57%). Overall, pubic hair grooming is common among men aged 18 to 65 years in the United States. Younger ages are associated with greater rates of pubic hair grooming. Many men groom for sex, in particular oral sex, as well as for routine care and hygiene.
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Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Maha El Tantawi, Olakunle Oginni, Elizabeth Oziegbe, Boladale Mapayi, Olaniyi Arowolo, Abiola Adetokunbo Adeniyi, and Nadia A. Sam-Agudu. "Oral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): e0247073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247073.
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Background Oral health is a less-recognized correlate of overall and mental wellbeing. This study aimed to assess the relationship between suicidal behavior (ideation and attempt) and oral health practices and status, and to determine the effect of sex on these associations among Nigerian adolescents. Methods Household survey data were collected from 10 to 19-year-old adolescents in southwestern Nigeria. Dependent variables were daily tooth brushing, daily consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals, and oral hygiene status (measured by plaque index). The independent variable was lifetime suicidal ideation/attempt, dichotomized into ‘yes’ and ‘never’. ‘Daily tooth brushing’ and ‘daily consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals’ were included in two separate logistic regression models, and ‘oral hygiene status’ was included in a linear regression model. The models were adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic status. The linear regression model was also adjusted for frequency of daily tooth-brushing and of consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals. Interactions between sex and suicidal ideation/suicide attempt in association with dependent variables were assessed. Significance was set at 5%. Results We recruited 1,472 participants with mean age (standard deviation) of 14.6 (2.6) years. The mean plaque index was 0.84 (0.56), and 66 (4.5%) adolescents reported ever having suicidal ideation/attempt. Suicidal ideation/attempt was associated with significantly lower likelihood of tooth brushing (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91), higher likelihood of consuming refined carbohydrates between meals (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.29, 4.10), and having poor oral hygiene (B = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.32). Among males, suicidal ideation/attempt was associated with less likelihood of eating refined carbohydrates between meals (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.35, 2.61). Conversely, it was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of this outcome (OR = 4.85, 95% CI: 2.23, 10.55) among females. Conclusion The study findings suggest that poor tooth brushing habits and poor oral hygiene are indicators for risk of suicidal behavior for adolescents in Nigeria, while high sugar consumption may be an additional risk factor for adolescent females. These findings support the role of dental practitioners as members of healthcare teams responsible for screening, identifying and referring patients at risk for suicidal ideation/attempt.
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Ferusgel, Agnes, Nur Azizah, Rosmidah Simanjuntak, and Masni Masni. "Dermatitis Contact In Warehouse Workers." Jurnal Kesehatan Prima 14, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v14i1.279.
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Dermatitis contact is dermatitis (inflammation of the skin) that can occur due to work. The prevalence rate is still high among workers. Botot warehouse workers can also be at risk of experiencing this. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence the incidence of contact dermatitis in Botot warehouse workers in Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. Quantitative research The study population was all Botot warehouse workers, 30 workers, and all of them used as research samples. Collection by using a questionnaire with direct interviews. Data analysis using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of workers during the last six months had experienced an incidence of dermatitis by 73.3%. Knowledge and personal hygiene are factors that influence the prevalence of contact dermatitis, while individual elements (age and sex) do not affect the incidence of dermatitis in Botot workers. The conclusion in this study, the most dominant factor influencing the prevalence of contact dermatitis is personal hygiene.
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Wood, Jessica, Sara Crann, Shannon Cunningham, Deborah Money, and Kieran O'Doherty. "A cross-sectional survey of sex toy use, characteristics of sex toy use hygiene behaviours, and vulvovaginal health outcomes in Canada." Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 26, no. 3 (December 2017): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2017-0016.
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Pane, Roslina, Nurmaini, and Lita Sri Andayani. "Relationship between the Cleanliness of Nails and the Usage of Footwear with the Incidence of Helminths Infections on Elementary Student in Sibolga of 2019." Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal 2, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/bioex.v2i1.107.
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Soil – Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection is one of the most common infections in the world, especially for the poor society. Worm infections spread through eggs in human feces that contaminate soils where the level of sanitation is bad. Worm infections are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, one of which is Indonesia. Around 568 million school-age children have high potential for STH because they live in an areas prone to STH infections (WHO, 2017a). Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection is a health problem with a high prevalence in the tropics and subtropics, especially Indonesia. Children with the primary school age are the group that most often suffer from infection because more daily activities are in contact with the soil and in clean living behavior is still low. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between sex and Helminths Infection, nail hygiene and using footwear with the incidence of helminthiasis in students in the city of Sibolga. The results obtained from this study are the number of students infected by helminthiasis by 33.82%, based on male gender as many as 20 students (60.6%) of the 44 students examined and the number of infected women as many as 18 students (39.4 %) of 41 female students examined. The results of the category assessment, for the category of nail hygiene with a good 32.94 percent (28 students) and the category is less good at 67.06 percent (57 people). From the bivariate analysis there was no relationship between sex and helminthiasis. The results of nail hygiene analysis, there is a significant relationship between nail hygiene with helminthiasis infection with a value of p = 0.009 and the value of the prevalence ratio of 2.751. Analysis using footwear, there is a significant relationship between the habit of using footwear with helminthiasis infection with a value of p = 0.004 with a prevalence ratio value of 3.195. From the results of the multiple logistic regression test, the most influential value between nail hygiene and using footwear is using footwear with a p value = 0.009 with a constant value of 3.410.
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Nandira, Anthia Ayu, Yunita Armiyanti, and Rini Riyanti. "The Correlation between Knowledge Level and Personal Hygiene with Scabies Occurrence in Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding Schools Jember Regency." Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ams.v7i1.19151.
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Scabies is caused by infestation and sensitization of Sarcoptes scabiei hominis varieties. Scabies is easily transmitted to individuals who live in groups such as boarding schools. Knowledge of scabies that is lacking and low in individual hygiene among student causes a transmission to be faster and wider. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics, level of knowledge and individual hygiene of the student with the occurrence of scabies at the Miftahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School in Kalisat District, Jember Regency. This study used an observational analytical method with cross-sectional. Of the population of 358 students, 229 students were willing to become respondents. The results showed that 105 students (45.9%) suffered from scabies. The chi-square test results showed the characteristics of respondents such as gender, pruritus complaints, pruritus onset when entering the hut, treatment history was associated with the incidence of scabies (p <0.05). Risk factors for individual hygiene in the form of using towels alternately and washing towels together were also associated with the incidence of scabies (p <0.05). Bivariate analysis at the level of individual knowledge and hygiene as a whole showed no significant association with the incidence of scabies (p> 0.05). The result of multiple logistic regression test showed 2 variables, namely, sex and pruritus onset when entering the lodge significantly associated with the incidence of scabies (p <0.05).
Keywords : scabies, knowledge level, personal hygiene
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Al-Obaidi, Najlaa S., and Alhan A. Qasim. "Oral hygiene status in relation to salivary estradiol hormone level among pre-menopausal and post-menopausal Iraqi women." Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 31, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v31i2.2627.
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Background: The menopause is physiological changes in women that give rise to adaptive changes at both systemic and oral level. During menopause, ovarian function declines and the production of sex steroid hormones reduces significantly affecting the oral tissues and periodontal structures leading to chronic inflammation of the gingiva, increased risk of tooth loss. Aim of study: The present study was designed to estimate the oral hygiene status in relation to salivary estradiol level among pre and post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: Ninety women aged 48-52 years old, the control group consisted of 45 pre-menopausal women and the study group consisted of 45 post-menopause were examined for gingival index, plaque index and calculus index. Unstimulated saliva was collected from all women to analyze estradiol hormone level. Results: the mean rank of the gingival index, plaque index and calculus index were higher in post-menopause than that of pre-menopause group with lower level of salivary estradiol hormone (E2).These oral hygiene indices have a negative relation with estradiol (E2) hormone level in both test groups. Conclusion: Oral hygiene status affected by salivary estradiol hormone level in women. Oral hygiene status was worse among post-menopausal women and correlated negatively with salivary Estradiol hormone level.
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Reddy, Shantipriya, Sanjay Kaul, Chaitali Agrawal, M. G. S. Prasad, Jaya Agnihotri, Nirjhar Bhowmik, D. Amudha, and Soumya Kambali. "Periodontal Status amongst Substance Abusers in Indian Population." ISRN Dentistry 2012 (April 17, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/460856.
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Background. In India there have been limited number of studies on periodontal status among drug addicts, and thus this study aims to assess the Oral hygiene and periodontal status in substance abusers and compare it with non-substance abusers. Methods. A comparative study was conducted to assess the periodontal status in substance abusers. Non-substance abusers were procured from the general population of Bangalore. From the control group 250 non-substance abusers were age and sex matched with the study population of substance abusers. The oral hygiene and periodontal condition of all subjects was assessed using Oral hygiene index- simplified (OHI-S), Russell's periodontal indices and Gingival bleeding index. Results. The mean of OHI-S and Periodontal Index (Russell's Index) scores were higher (2.70 and 3.68, resp.) in substance abusers than the control group (2.45 and 2.59, resp.). The mean Gingival bleeding score was lower (9.69) in substance abusers than the control group (22.7) and found to be statistically significant. A positive correlation found between OHI-S and Russell's periodontal index whereas negative correlation was found between OHI-S and Gingival bleeding in substance abusers. Conclusions. Though the oral hygiene was fair, more periodontal destruction and less of gingival bleeding were observed in substance abusers as compared to control group.
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Ljaljevic, Agima, Snezana Matijevic, Natasa Terzic, Jasmina Andjelic, and Boban Mugosa. "Significance of proper oral hygiene for health condition of mouth and teeth." Vojnosanitetski pregled 69, no. 1 (2012): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1201016l.
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Background/Aim. Proper mouth and teeth hygiene has influence on the prevention of a great number of diseases and very often some of them are not related only to oral cavity. Most frequent diseases of mouth and teeth such as caries and periodontal diseases are caused, among other factors, by poor oral hygiene. They are also more frequent in young population. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and hygienic habit on oral health in children aged 11-15 years. Methods. This crosssectional study was conducted by the dental teams in dentist surgeries in Tivat Health Center between May and September 2009. The sample consisted of patients 11 to 15 years of age. A questionnaire and dental examination of mouth and teeth were used as research instruments. The examinations were conducted in accordance with the World Health Organization methodology and criteria. The data obtained from the interviews were correlated with those obtained from the clinical examinations. Results. The results show that the majority of respondents brush their teeth twice a day and visit the dentist once in every six months. The research also shows that 57% respondents have caries of deciduous teeth and over 63% respondents of permanent teeth. Gingivitis was found in 14% and orthodontic anomalies in 44.7% respondents. A half of respondents who brush their teeth rarely have problems with gingivitis. There is a highly statistically significant difference between the occurrence of gingivitis and the frequency of teeth brushing. Conclusion. There is a significant difference between mouth and oral hygiene and sex as well as other sociodemographic characteristics of respondents. The study showed the correlation between occurrence of caries and the gingivitis and frequency of teeth brushing and dental visits.
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Matthews-Brzozowska, Teresa, Agnieszka Sikorska, Kornela Cieślik, Arleta Głowacka, and Maja Matthews-Kozanecka. "Evaluation of oral hygiene in school children from the eastern region of Wielkopolska." Journal of Medical Science 85, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/185.
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Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral health in school‑age children on the basis of subjective and objective judgement, based on selected indicators.Material and Methods. The study included students aged 10–13 years of primary and junior‑high schools in the Mid Eastern region of Wielkopolska. Oral hygiene assessment was based on a prepared subjective questionnaireas well as on the basis of indicators: API P1.I, GI, including the sex of children.Results. Of the 161 children of school age, most of them, as many as 145 showed attention to oral health, brushing teeth twice a day; some of them apply additional measures for oral hygiene – 39 children. In both sexes there were no deviations indicators examined. Between gender showed no difference, as confirmed statistically.Conclusions. Oral hygiene in children with high health awareness rated positively, it should be emphasized that despite noninvasiveness the research group of respondents accounted for a small percentage of the children invited to the study, which points the need to undertake educational activities on a larger scale.
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Matthews-Brzozowska, Teresa, Agnieszka Sikorska, Kornela Cieślik, Arleta Głowacka, and Maja Matthews-Kozanecka. "Evaluation of oral hygiene in school children from the eastern region of Wielkopolska." Journal of Medical Science 85, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 294–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/jms.2016.185.
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Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral health in school-age children on the basis of subjective and objective judgement, based on selected indicators.Material and Methods. The study included students aged 10–13 years of primary and junior-high schools in the Mid Eastern region of Wielkopolska. Oral hygiene assessment was based on a prepared subjective questionnaireas well as on the basis of indicators: API P1.I, GI, including the sex of children.Results. Of the 161 children of school age, most of them, as many as 145 showed attention to oral health, brushing teeth twice a day; some of them apply additional measures for oral hygiene – 39 children. In both sexes there were no deviations indicators examined. Between gender showed no difference, as confirmed statistically.Conclusions. Oral hygiene in children with high health awareness rated positively, it should be emphasized that despite noninvasiveness the research group of respondents accounted for a small percentage of the children invited to the study, which points the need to undertake educational activities on a larger scale.
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Kawamoto, Aki, Yoshihiro Iwano, Midori Motohashi, Chizuko Shimizu, Masako Sakai, Naoyuki Sugano, and Koichi Ito. "Oral hygiene management of aggressive periodontitis patient considering the levels of sex hormones：A case report." Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology) 55, no. 4 (2014): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2329/perio.55.349.
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Danet, Joël. "Representation of Dangerous Sexuality in Interwar Non-Fiction Sex Hygiene Films: A Franco-German Comparison." Gesnerus 72, no. 1 (November 11, 2015): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07201003.
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In the interwar period VD prevention films accompanied the introduction of new “permanent” treatments for syphilis. While they still warned the audience about the dangers of infection, these films were primarily designed to inform about these new methods for curing syphilis. These methods could only be effective if the infected patient immediately consulted a certified doctor (as opposed to a charlatan) upon experiencing the first symptoms. The objectives of the commissioners of health education films tended to go beyond simply conveying a propaganda message. They adhere to and act on the educational potential that the film medium offers to an adult audience. In addressing subjects like sexual health, the films speak to the intimate lives of the audience members, faced with characters whose sexual behaviour is meant to echo their own or that of their friends and relatives. In order to properly raise awareness, the film must escort them, help them overcome their disarray, and persuade them that they are morally able to adopt the necessary measures to avoid contagion. This paper consists in an in-depth comparative study of three anti-vene-real films produced and shown between 1928 and 1931, a short but pivotal period in the development of continental European syphilis prevention films. The three films illustrate two forms of screenplay action. In the French films, the patient is identified with a tragic hero and the medical institution embodied by a providential man. Contrary to these French films, the German film tends to display a more matter-of-fact-approach, which is not meant to downplay the risks but rather to clearly identify and address the community exposed to danger and to present how the infection is taken care of once it is diagnosed. Here I consider these films together to show how different ways of conveying the same medical discourse were adopted to adjust to national cinematographic environments.
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Reed, B. D. "The Bali STD/AIDS study: association between vaginal hygiene practices and STDs among sex workers." Sexually Transmitted Infections 77, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.77.1.46.
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Marfianti, Istiana, I. Made Ady Wirawan, and I. Wayan Weta. "Association of supplementary feeding with stunting among children in Kintamani, Bangli, Bali Province." Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/phpma.v5i2.21.
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Background and purpose: The prevalence of stunting among under-five children in Indonesia and also in Bali is high. Studies on risk factors of stunting have been widely conducted in Indonesia, however association between stunting and diet pattern is still inconsistent. The aim of this study is to examine association of supplementary feeding pattern with stunting among children aged 1-3 years.Methods: A case control study was conducted in Bangli District. A total of 48 cases and 48 controls were selected to participate in the study. Age and sex variables between cases and controls were matched. Cases and controls were selected using a systematic random sampling method from 26 health post registers in Kintamani I Public Health Centre between November and December 2016. Data were collected in March 2017 by interviewing the mother at the health post. Data were analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. A logictic regression was performed to calculate adjusted odd ratio (AOR).Results: Cases and controls were comparable for age (p=0.773), sex (p=0.219), mother’s education (p=0.673) and history of infectious diseases (p=0.584). Cases and controls differed in several variables: frequency, variability and type of supplementary feeding (p=0.002, <0.001 and <0.001), family income (p=0.038), poor personal hygiene (p=<0.001), environmental sanitation (p=0.022) and access to clean water (p=<0.001). Our analysis showed that several variables were associated with stunting among children aged 1-3 years, which included lack of supplementary feeding variability (AOR=12.45; 95%CI: 2.25-69.71), poor personal hygiene (AOR=3.52; 95%CI: 1.03-12.03), and poor access to clean water (AOR=6.49; 95%CI: 1.61-26.19). Other variables included supplementary feeding initiation, frequency of supplementary feeding, consistency or type of supplementary feeding, sex, and family income were not associated with stunting among children aged 1-3 years.Conclusions: Variability of supplementary feeding, personal hygiene, and access to clean water were all associated with stunting among children aged 1-3 years.
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Hassan, Adiba, Jill Blumenthal, Michael Dube, Eric Ellorin, Katya Corado, David Moore, and Sheldon Morris. "Effect of Rectal Hygiene on Sexually Transmitted Infections Among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.092.
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Abstract Background Rectal gonorrhea (NG) and chlamydia (Connecticut) infections are common among men who have sex with men (MSM). Rectal douching/enema (RDE) is a common practice among MSM that can affect the rectal microbiome. It is unclear if this practice is associated with acquiring rectal infections (RI) with either NG or CT. Methods From 2013–2015, 398 adult HIV-negative MSM and transwomen were enrolled in a randomized controlled study on text messaging for adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Participants were surveyed on sexual behavior, frequency of RDE, drug use, and nutritional habits in conjunction with routine sexually transmitted infection testing. Pearson’s χ 2 and two sample t-tests were used to measure significance of RDE and other risk factors with RI. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to control for confounding and assess the association of RDE with RIs. Confounders (i.e., age, number anal receptive sex, number sex partners) were selected a priori for inclusion in the final model based on a causal model and statistical significance. Results Of 397 participants, 262 (67%) performed RDE and 132 (33%) had at least one NG or CT rectal infection over 48 weeks. Number of condomless anal receptive sex acts (mean = 19, P < 0.001), condom use for anal receptive sex (P = 0.017), number of male sex partners in past 3 months (mean = 14, P = 0.001), and the use of poppers (P < 0.001) were associated with RI. There was no significant association between nutritional habits, probiotic foods or supplements and RI, with the exception of energy bars (P = 0.029). Controlling for confounders, RI was associated with RDE less than weekly with OR = 1.02 (95% CI 0.52–1.99) while RDE weekly or more had OR = 2.08 (95% CI 1.03–4.17). Stratified by number of partners, MSMs with more than the median (>6) number of partners had OR = 4.96 (95% CI 1.29–19.03) if performing RDE less than weekly, and OR = 6.03 (95% CI 1.55–23.49) if weekly or more. Conclusion Rectal hygiene with douching/enemas is a common practice among MSMs on PrEP, which increases the odds of acquiring rectal NG and/or CT. This finding is suggestive for the use of rectal hygiene products/practices as potential targets for sexually transmitted infection prevention. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Chang, Yoonkyung, Ho Geol Woo, Jin Park, Ji Sung Lee, and Tae-Jin Song. "Improved oral hygiene care is associated with decreased risk of occurrence for atrial fibrillation and heart failure: A nationwide population-based cohort study." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 27, no. 17 (December 1, 2019): 1835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487319886018.
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Aims Poor oral hygiene can provoke transient bacteremia and systemic inflammation, a mediator of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. This study aims to investigate association of oral hygiene indicators with atrial fibrillation and heart failure risk in Korea. Methods We included 161,286 subjects from the National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort who had no missing data for demographics, past history, or laboratory findings. They had no history of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or cardiac valvular diseases. For oral hygiene indicators, presence of periodontal disease, number of tooth brushings, any reasons of dental visit, professional dental cleaning, and number of missing teeth were investigated. Results During median follow-up of 10.5 years, 4911 (3.0%) cases of atrial fibrillation and 7971 (4.9%) cases of heart failure occurred. In multivariate analysis after adjusting age, sex, socioeconomic status, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, renal disease, history of cancer, systolic blood pressure, blood and urine laboratory findings, frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times/day) was significantly associated with attenuated risk of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (0.83–0.98)) and heart failure (0.88, (0.82–0.94)). Professional dental cleaning was negatively (0.93, (0.88–0.99)), while number of missing teeth ≥22 was positively (1.32, (1.11–1.56)) associated with risk of heart failure. Conclusion Improved oral hygiene care was associated with decreased risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Healthier oral hygiene by frequent tooth brushing and professional dental cleaning may reduce risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
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Ambarsari, Dwi Dewi, and Surahma Asti Mulasari. "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Subyektif Dermatitis Kontak Iritan pada Petugas Pengepul Sampah di Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.17.2.80-86.
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Latar belakang: Pengepul sampah merupakan sektor informal dalam bidang pengumpulan dan perdagangan sampah layak jual. Pengaruh sampah terhadap kesehatan dikelompokan menjadi efek yang langsung dan tidak langsung. Kontak langsung dengan sampah beracun, sampah yang korosif terhadap tubuh, yang karsinogenik atau teratogenik, dan sampah yang mengandung kuman patogen, dapat menimbulkan penyakit salah satunya dermatitis kontak iritan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan pada petugas pengepul sampah di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik obsevasional dengan desain cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah petugas pengepul sampah di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 45 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportionale stratified random sampling. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah lama kontak, jenis kelamin dan personal hygiene sedangkan variable terikat adalah keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara kepada responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil: Proporsi kejadian dermatitis kontak iritan sebesar 28,9%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara lama kontak dengan keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan (p-value = 0,322; RP = 0,544; CI 95% = 0,174-1,695), tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan (p-value = 0,149) dan tidak ada hubungan antara personal hygiene dengan keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan (p-value = 1,067).Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara lama kontak, jenis kelamin, dan personal hygiene dengan keluhan subyektif dermatitis kontak iritan pada putugas pengepul sampah. ABSTRACTTitle: Factors Associated with Subjective Complaints Contact Irritant Dermatitis on Garbage Collector in Yogyakarta City Area Background: Rubbish collector is one of part in informal sector which runs in collecting and demand the economical rubbish. The effect of of rubbish for health can be divided into two, they are direct affection and indirect affection. Direct contact with the rubbish such as poisonous rubbish, corrosive rubbish to the body, carcinogenic rubbish, the rubbish of teratogenicity, and rubbish containing pathogen virus, it could spread the disease which was called irritant contact of dermatitis. The aim of trhe research was to find out the factors subjective complaint related to dermatitis contact of irritant with the rubbish collector at central Yogyakarta.Methods: This type of research is an obsevational analytics with cross sectional study design. The subjects of this research are garbage collectors in Yogyakarta City, which are 45 people. Sampling technique using proportionale stratified random sampling. The independent variables in this study were contact time, sex and personal hygiene while the dependent variable was subjective complaint of irritant contact dermatitis. Technique of collecting data in the form of interview to respondent by using questioner. Data analysis used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with chi-square test.Results: The proportion of incidence of irritant contact dermatitis was 28.9%. The result of the analysis showed that there was no correlation between contact duration with subjective complaints of irritant contact dermatitis (p-value = 0.322; RP = 0,544; 95% CI = 0,174-1,695), no relation between sex with subjective complaint of irritant contact dermatitis (p-value = 0.149) and no relationship between personal hygiene and subjective complaints of irritant contact dermatitis (p-value = 1.067).Conclusion: There is no relationship between contact length, sex, and personal hygiene with subjective complaints of irritant contact dermatitis.
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Djama, Nuzliati T., and Amira BSA. "Hubungan Karakteristik dan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil dengan Perilaku Hygiene Tentang Keputihan (Flour Albus) di Puskesmas Kalumpang Kota Ternate Tahun 2013." Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Ternate 7, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32763/juke.v7i1.72.
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Abstract : Knowledge relations of pregnant women with the hygiene behavior about flour albus in Puskesmas Kalumpang Ternate Oktober 2013
Whiteness or Flour Albus is an abnormal vaginal secretion in women. Many women are not aware that they regard whitish vaginal discharge as common and trivial. Survey of health workers at the Puskesmas Kalumpang Ternate Incidence of Flour Albus / Whitish in pregnant women and pregnant women about the knowledge of flour albus / whiteness, from 100% of pregnant women around 55% of women do not know flour albus / discharge is physiological and pathological. The purpose of this study is to reveal Knowledge relations of pregnant women with the hygiene behavior about flour albus in Puskesmas Kalumpang Ternate Oktober 2013. The study design was descriptive correlational, design is cross sectional survey, with 30 samples of working mothers. The statistical analysis use in this study was bivariate.The results Relations knowledge of pregnant women with the hygiene behavior about flour albus in Puskesmas Kalumpang Ternate Oktober 2013, Based on the results showed a significant association (p = 0.036 ). Based on the Knowledge relations of pregnant women with the hygiene behavior about flour albus in Puskesmas Kalumpang Ternate Oktober 2013, can be considered in an effort to increase knowledge and awareness of the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the area of sex organs.
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Petrov, ME, S. Calvin, K. Vander Wyst, CM Whisner, KN Felix, and J. Richardson. "0973 SLEEP PATTERNS, DISTURBANCES, AND HYGIENE OF ADOLESCENT FEMALE VICTIMS OF SEX TRAFFICKING AND SEXUAL ABUSE." Sleep 40, suppl_1 (April 28, 2017): A361—A362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.972.
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