To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sex instruction for gay men.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sex instruction for gay men'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sex instruction for gay men.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Cruz, Joe Michael. "Domestic Violence in Same-Sex Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277865/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to examine domestic violence as it occurs in same-sex male relationships. Data were collected by in-depth interviews with twenty-five gay males, who were between the ages of 23 and 43, and who had previous experience being in a homosexual relationship where domestic violence was present. The major findings of this study include the respondents': 1) definitions of domestic violence and abuse; 2) the type of domestic violence or abuse personally experienced; and 3) reasons they believe domestic violence or abuse occurs in these types of relationships. This study illustrates the need for further research in this area of domestic violence and for programs or services targeted for this specific population.
2
Ong, Katherine S. "Aversive prejudice and discrimination against gay men." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397646.
Full textAbstract:
To test the generalizability of the theory of aversive prejudice in predicting discrimination against gay men, a partial replication of Dovidio and Gaertner's (2000) experiment was conducted. Two hundred and five White undergraduate students from a Midwestern university evaluated an ostensible applicant for a counseling position. The current study was a 2 (Applicant Sexual Orientation: gay, straight) x 2 (Applicant Race: Black, White) x 2 (Applicant Qualification: high, moderate) x 2 (Participant Gender) between-groups experiment. Men provided straight applicants with significantly higher qualification ratings than gay applicants. Gay applicants were perceived as less competent on leadership than straight applicants. A gay Black applicant was least likely to be recommended for the position only when he was ambiguously (moderately) qualified, compared to straight White, straight Black, and gay White applicants. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.Department of Psychological Science
3
Zubair, Noveed. "An exploration of gender nonconformity in gay men." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/14541/.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored how gender expressions were portrayed in the narratives of gay men who view themselves as non-masculine. An adapted life story interview was conducted with seven participants between the ages of 20 and 47 years. Life stories were analysed using content analysis. The study found that non-masculinity was defined in different ways and that social context, including threat, impacted on gender expression. Non-masculinity was strongly associated with male homosexuality. Homophobic verbal and physical abuse was portrayed alongside negative appraisals of non-masculinity. This may be indicative of internalised anti-effeminacy values. Marginalisation in gay communities was also portrayed, including romantic rejection. Intersections of gender-expression and ethnicity or age were important in evaluations of sexual attractiveness. Conversely, masculinity was often eroticised or regarded as aspirational. Positive qualities associated with non-masculinity included expressiveness, humour and flexibility in working with power demonstrations of others. These reinforce the assertion that effeminate and androgynous men bypass facets of gender-role conflict.
4
Phellas, Constantinos. "Sexual and ethnic identities of Anglo-Cypriot men resident in London who have sex with men." Thesis, University of Essex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265031.
Full text
5
Mao, Limin. "Gay Asian and Caucasian men in Sydney : cultural, social and cognitive factors associated with sex practices /." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030303.112942/index.html.
Full text
6
Hucks, Tonya Camille. "Racial and Sexual Orientation Identity and Social Support as Predictors of Sexual Risk-Taking Behavior Among African-American Men Who Have Sex With Men." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1092931926.
Full text
7
Horvath, Keith J. "The use of a daily web diary to examine the relation between online sex seeking and HIV risk among Internet-using men who have sex with men." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1083543051&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
8
Paula, Krisanty Pimpawun Boonmongkon. "Sexual subjectivities of young executive gay men in Jakarta, Indonesia /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd400/4838032.pdf.
Full text
9
Odumosu, Olusegun Murtala. "Adherence to anti-retroviral treatment amongst HIV positive gay men and other men who have sex with men in Tshwane." University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7658.
Full textAbstract:
Master of Public Health - MPHGay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and a subset within this group who are people who inject drugs (PWID) face difficulties when trying to access humanimmune deficiency virus (HIV)/ anti-retroviral treatment (ART) services and adhere to ART, due to the intersecting forms of oppression they face. Current interventions to address adherence to ART are mostly bio-medical in nature, and support the presumption that individual-level factors are the most pertinent barriers to adherence to ART. This mini-thesis presents findings from a qualitative study that explored individual, health systems and structural factors that shape experiences of adherence to ART amongst gay men and other MSM and a subset within this group who are PWID
10
Simonsen, Gregory. "Masculine Role Conflict in Gay Men: Mediation of Psychological Well-Being and Help-Seeking Behaviors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278913/.
Full textAbstract:
Gender role issues have been an integral part of psychology since the 1970s. More recently, theories and research have surfaced concerning the issues of maleness in our society. Most of these theories focus on masculine gender role and how it affects men in various ways, e.g., their psychological well-being, substance use, relational abilities, and help-seeking behaviors. One area of maleness that has consistently been left out of the Masculine Role Conflict (MRC) debate is that of homosexuality. As a gay man develops, he finds himself at odds with society over something that he experiences biologically as normal and appropriate. It is the contention of this paper that MRC is an issue related to psychological distress among gay men and not psychological weakness in gay men, per se.
11
O'Shea, Joseph. "Re-defining risk behaviours among gay men : what has changed?" Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100667.
Full textAbstract:
As we enter the third decade of a devastating worldwide epidemic, much has been done to stem the flow of HIV/AIDS, in particular within North American and Western European urban centres. Successful prevention campaigns in the 1980s had the immediate impact of lowering the rate of HIV infection among gay men, and anti-retroviral drug therapies in the mid-1990s have literally brought thousands of gay men back from the brink. However, by the middle to late 1990s, epidemiological and anecdotal evidence has strongly suggested that gay men have begun to move away from the safer sex orthodoxy of the 1980s.Forty gay men ranging in age from 21 to 55 were interviewed for this study in order to determine if they have changed their approach to safer sex strategies implemented in the mid-1980s. In contrast to approaches to risk behaviour that emphasize the Health Belief Model, with its focus on the rational individual, this dissertation focused on the social contexts that shape gay men's decisions.
This study found a number of factors that influenced gay men's sexual choices, including age and the changing role of community. Younger gay men, those who have come of age during the 1990s, have taken a different approach to the AIDS epidemic. None of the younger participants in this study had lost anyone to HIV. Furthermore, they were now part of a group of men who no longer considers a HIV diagnosis to be immediately fatal. New medications have definitely shifted their approach to AIDS. Finally, this group of gay men no longer feels defined by a gay community like older gay men interviewed for this study. They believe they are coming of age in a time and place where they have more choices in how they will define themselves as gay men. For older gay men, those who lost many lovers, friends, and acquaintances during the HIV epidemic, changes in gay men's sexual risk-taking are both surprising and inevitable. These men are dealing with issues of ageism, loss and lack of visibility in a changing gay community.
Although there are different age-related arguments for abandoning safer sex strategies, this study helps to explain why there is a definite shift in risk-taking behavior underway as we enter the third decade of HIV/AIDS. It suggests new challenges and approaches for AIDS service organizations to deal with a substantive change in gay men's sexual behaviour.
12
Tse, Ho-lun Tommy. "Narcissism in male sexuality Lan Yu, Crystal Boys and Brokeback Mountain /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38225670.
Full text
13
Tse, Ho-lun Tommy, and 謝浩麟. "Narcissism in male sexuality: Lan Yu, CrystalBoys and Brokeback Mountain." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38225670.
Full text
14
Kudler, Benjamin A. "Confronting race and racism social identity in African American gay men : a project based upon an independent investigation /." Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/992.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-94).
15
Miller, James MS. "Community-based Participatory Research: HIV in African American Men Who Have Sex with Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804829/.
Full textAbstract:
To date, traditional behavioral interventions have done little to reduce the prevalence and transmission of HIV among African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM), a highly at risk group. Some researchers theorize that the lack of success may be because these interventions do not address contextual factors among AAMSM. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is one approach to research with the potential to lead to effective interventions in the future. CBPR is a collaborative, mixed-methods and multidisciplinary, approach to scientific inquiry, which is conducted with, and within, the community. The current study follows the CBPR approach to engage and develop a relationship with the African American communities in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. Contextual issues were discussed in order to identify emerging themes regarding HIV health related issues among AAMSM to provide the groundwork for continued CBPR research and future interventions with AAMSM in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. To accomplish this goal, researchers began the CBPR process by conducting interviews and focus groups with a sample of approximately 62 (34 from key informant interviews, 28 from focus groups [gender balanced]) AIDS service organization leaders and workers, advocates, medical doctors and community members with first-hand knowledge of HIV health issues in the AAMSM community. Transcripts of these interviews and focus groups were analyzed to identify emerging themes at the societal (religious doctrine, African American Culture, age-related norms and stigma), community (education, religious views/policy and community norms) and individual (disclosure, personal identity, sexual behavior/risk, accessing care and communication) levels. This data was used to create a holistic narrative report that will be used to direct the community advisory board (CAB) and guide future research and interventions.
16
Richters, Juliet. "The social construction of sexual practice setting, sexual culture, and the body in casual sex between men /." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/352.
Full text
17
Anyaka, Sonya. "Depression and HIV Risk Among African American Men who have Sex with Men." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1185.
Full textAbstract:
African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at a greater risk of contracting HIV than any other ethnic group, subpopulation, or race. Personal, environmental, and social variables can affect risk behavior. Driven by Beck's cognitive theory of depression, this quantitative study examined the relationship between depression and HIV risk behaviors in a sample of AAMSM (n = 108). Data was gathered via the Beck Depression Inventory and the HIV Risk Behavior Questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data to determine the correlation between HIV risk behavior and depression. According to study findings, there was no significant relationship found between depression and HIV risk behavior in this sample of AAMSM after accounting for the variance associated with the covariates: age, alcohol and substance use, condom attitudes, HIV knowledge, and income. While the study findings do not indicate depressive symptoms were associated with HIV sexual risk behavior, age, alcohol or drug use, and condom attitudes were significantly and positively related to HIV sexual risk behavior. Future research is recommended to identify factors specific to AAMSM for use in devising African American MSM-centric interventions. The results could inform the development of interventions targeting older AAMSM to alter behaviors associated with alcohol and drug use to impact sexual risk behaviors and reduce HIV transmission in AAMSM, thus resulting in positive social change in their lives and the lives of their families and communities.
18
Harris, Wesley Eugene. "The Effect of Stigma on Intimate Partner Violence Reporting Among Men Who Have Sex with Men." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/374.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the relation between stigma and reporting of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM). It was hypothesized that enacted stigma would result in lower reporting of IPV and that the type of IPV would moderate the relationship between enacted stigma and reporting. Using an online survey, we measured IPV (physical, psychological, and sexual violence) and stigma (perceived, enacted, and internalized). Participants (N = 46) were asked if they had ever experienced any of those forms of violence, as well as if they had ever reported the violence through an online survey. They were then asked how likely they would be to report the violence if it happened again in the future. Responses were analyzed using logistical regression with moderation to determine if a) enacted stigma was associated with lower reporting of intimate partner violence and if b) type of violence moderated stigma and reporting, such that physical violence would have the strongest relation between stigma and reporting of IPV. Results showed that enacted stigma was associated with more IPV reporting across all types of violence: physical (coefficient: 1.539, p<.0005), sexual (coefficient: .999, p<.05), and psychological (coefficient: 1.203, p<.005). Results of testing the moderating role of violence type on the relationship between enacted stigma and IPV were non-significant for all types of violence. In conclusion, the more enacted stigma that was experienced, the more reporting occurred. In addition, type of violence did not moderate the relation between enacted stigma and reporting of intimate partner violence.
19
Melendez-Torres, G. J. "Substance use, situational characteristics and sexual outcomes in men who have sex with men." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3b96091e-ee63-4f1d-abd9-fde5a67d1978.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents an empirical investigation into substance use, situational characteristics and sexual outcomes in men who have sex with men (MSM) motivated by the high rates of substance use in MSM; the association between substance use and sexual risk behaviours in MSM; the lack of specific theory addressing relationships between substance use, sexual interactions and social interactions between MSM; and the need for clearer understandings of encounter-level associations with sexual risk. Qualitative metasynthesis. This thesis begins with laying the methodological groundwork for a qualitative metasynthesis that theorises the relationship between substance use and social spaces in MSM, with a particular focus on sexual outcomes. The qualitative metasynthesis derives the key organising perspective of ‘littoral spaces’ in which substance use is associated with a pre-planned, though temporary, escape from the boundaries of everyday life to engage in maximal sensory exploration, including through sexual contact. Systematic review of multiple-event analyses. The thesis then turns to a systematic review of previous quantitative multiple-event analyses examining associations between situational characteristics and sexual outcomes, which establishes the need for additional multiple-event analyses addressing specific substance use, location of sex, partner serodiscordance and partner type. Multiple-event analyses. Finally, informed by the qualitative metasynthesis and the systematic review of event-level analyses, this thesis presents multiple-event analyses addressing unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), pleasure and control as sexual outcomes in MSM in England. These analyses found that substance use was associated with greater odds of UAI and pleasure, but not with control, and that non-private locations of sex were associated with decreased odds of UAI and pleasure, but not control. Furthermore, there was sparse evidence of interactions between respondent and partner substance use and between respondent substance use and location of sex in associations with sexual outcomes. These analyses contribute to understandings of associations between substance use, situational characteristics and sexual risk behaviour by presenting the first known analyses on MSM in England and by examining sexual outcomes besides UAI.
20
Reilly, Andrew Hinchcliffe. "Risk, body image, and internalized homonegativity among gay men body building, eating disturbance, tanning, and unsafe sex /." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086193466.
Full text
21
Estefan, Andrew. "Harm, Interrupted: Self-Injury Narratives and Same Sex Attraction." Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367391.
Full textAbstract:
This study addresses a significant clinical and social issue: self-injury among gay men. Self-injury can be understood as any act undertaken by the self to cause physical damage to the body without the conscious intent to die.
The existing self-injury literature tends to focus on self-injury as a problem for women. That is to say, because more women than men self-injure, research focuses more strongly on their motivations and treatment needs. The literature that explores self-injury as it relates to gay men is not well developed and focuses strongly on suicidality and the risks associated with various self-injurious behaviours. This has produced useful information for some areas of practice such as risk management and public health suicide prevention strategies. What this literature has not done is explore the contexts and meanings of self-injury for this particular group.
This study is a narrative inquiry, which explores gay men’s self-injury through their experiences in context. This thesis therefore tells the stories of gay men who participated in the study and reveals their self-injury across a landscape of time, context, experiences and interactions. This study sought to address gaps in available knowledge by examining how gay men are self-injuring and what their self-injury means in the context of a life lived in relationship with self and others.
Self-injury for the gay men in this study was enacted, according to their stories, through similar methods to those reported for other populations. The men’s stories illustrated how self-injury also helped them to manage their distress and cope with a social world that can be invalidating. Through attending to the similarities and differences in experience, as they are told in the men’s stories, this thesis introduces two narratives that shape the way self-injury is known. The first, the harm narrative, is a conventional plotline derived from dominant explanations of the risk, pathology and irrationality of self-injury. This narrative has allowed stories of self-injury to be told and re-told in clinical and social contexts that foreclose alternative readings of an apparently destructive behaviour. The second narrative presented in this thesis is a moral narrative of self-injury. The moral narrative arises by holding the harm narrative to the margins, while allowing the stories of the men to emerge and be thought about narratively, that is to say their self-injury is viewed as part of a life story that is not simply reduced to harm. The moral narrative for the men in this study operates in two ways. The first is to show how, for some of the men, their self-injurious actions have moral value. The second way is to show how acts of self-injury create moral spaces in which the men are able to experience self-care and caring for others. This moral narrative represents a new way of thinking about self-injury as it occurs and is experienced in context.
The thesis concludes with ideas and suggestions for working with gay men and others who self-injure. The suggestions are that nurses defer immediate risk-based responses in order to allow clients to explore the contexts in which their self-injury occurs in order to prevent care from becoming a risk factor for further self-injury. Recommendations for further research are also made, which expand on the insights regarding self-injury and moral narratives, the health care experiences of gay men who self-injure and how self-injury exists in relationship with masculinity.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Griffith Health
Full Text
22
Robinson, Ryan. "Negative Health Outcomes in Men Who Have Sex with Men of Color: An Investigation of Minority Stress and Protective Factors." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19653.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore the intersection of multiple minority identities in men who have sex with men (MSM) of color, focusing on the relationship between experiences of minority stress and negative health outcomes. Specifically, this study aimed to identify how minority stress levels in MSM of color impact the following negative health outcomes: poor mental health, substance abuse, and risky sexual behavior. The role of ethnic identity belonging and religious practice as potentially moderating the relationship between minority stress and negative health outcomes was further explored. A cross-sectional online survey was utilized to test the research questions. The sample consisted of 152 participants who identified as racial/ethnic minorities and MSM between the ages of 18 and 29. Direct effects of minority stress reflected in self-reports of Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual (LGB) victimization, internalized homophobia, and perceived ethnic discrimination on negative health outcomes were tested using analysis software IBM SPSS.
The findings revealed that greater minority stress was associated only with increased mental health problems. As hypothesized, evidence emerged that ethnic identity belonging moderated the relationship between minority stress and both mental health and substance use outcomes, suggesting that ethnic identity belonging may serve as a protective factor for MSM of color. Under conditions of high minority stress, MSM of color with greater engagement with formal religious practice were associated with the highest negative mental health outcomes, whereas lower degrees of religious practice predicted better mental health outcomes. This study identified MSM of color to be at risk for poor mental health and has highlighted the importance of ethnic identity belonging as a potential buffer against mental health and substance use issues. Further research is necessary to determine whether religiosity serves as a protective factor or risk factor for MSM of color. These findings will help researchers to better understand MSM of color and may have a potential impact on prevention and intervention efforts by identifying risk and protective factors that help to explain the aversive effects of minority stress.
23
Géliga-Vargas, Jesús A. "Ethnic Identity, Gay Identity and Sexual Sensation Seeking: HIV Risk-taking Predictors Among Men of Color Who Have Sex with Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2216/.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined relationships among ethnic identity, gay identity, sexual sensation seeking, and HIV risk-taking behaviors among 302 men of color recruited from gay bars, bathhouses, community agencies, and the 1998 United States Conference on AIDS. The sample included 24% African American, 28% Latino, 25% Asian/ Pacific Islander, 19% Caucasian, 1% American Indian, and 3% other ethnicity. Logistic regression analysis identified sexual sensation seeking, having an undefined gay identity, being in a sexually exclusive relationship, not being HIV seronegative, and length of stay in the country (for those born overseas) as significant predictors of unprotected anal intercourse (insertive and penetrative) among men of color who have sex with men.
24
Gentry, Mark. "Safer sex : a qualitative study to explore how heterosexual and gay men construct risk and safety." Thesis, University of East London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532516.
Full textAbstract:
Despite medical advances, HIV and AIDS remain incurable. The promotion of safer sexual practices has therefore seemed crucial. However providing information has had limited success in changing behaviour. There are still many new cases of infection each year. In order to help plan effective interventions, researchers have explored peoples attitudes and beliefs around sex, and their associations with behaviour. I suggest that research, through reliance on social cognition models which are individualistic in focus. has neglected wider issues such as socio-cultural contexts of attitudes and behav iour. Such issues are likely to be important. I argue in Chapter One that information about sex and risk has not been delivered ·neutrally·. but rather in the context of messages which contain strong political and social agendas pertaining to sexual it) and moral it). Qualitative work has suggested that issues of pm,er. trust and romance are important in men's constructions and experience of safer sex. Differences have emerged between heterosexual and gay men in these respects. However, because studies have tended to include either gay or heterosexual men. comparisons between heterosexual and gay samples have been difficult. The present qualitative study aimed to explore how men understand HIV risk and safety. It also aimed to explore men's experiences of safer or riskier sexual behav iour. considering relationship and contextual factors as well as individual ones. Semistructured interviews were carried out with heterosexual and gay men in order to allow consideration of any emerging differences between accounts. Interviews were analy sed according to the principles of lnterpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Emerging material was constructed as themes which were eventually organised according to the following Master Themes: Definitions of Risk, Perceived Threat of HIV, Control and Negotiation, What Testing Does and Barriers. These themes are discussed in terms of their implications for intervention. Finally, I discuss quality of the research in terms of issues such as reliability, generalisability and reflectivity.
25
Mao, Limin Education Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Gay Asian and Caucasian men in Sydney: cultural, social and cognitive factors associated with sex practices." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Education, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18763.
Full textAbstract:
Using the perspectives of individualism-collectivism, Social Cognitive Theory and other concepts such as gay community attachment, this study focused on issues of homosexual identification, disclosure and sexual risk practices in relation to cross-cultural differences among gay Asian and Caucasian men in Sydney. Mostly recruited from gay social venues, 19 gay Asian men participated in exploratory focus groups discussions, another 201 gay Caucasian and 199 gay Asian men completed an anonymous questionnaire, and a further 10 gay Caucasian and 9 gay Asian men took part in in-depth one-to-one interviews. The major findings were: gay Asian men tended to experience conflict, in being both gay and Asian, related to individualism and collectivism; the gay Asian and Caucasian men differed in various aspects of homosexual practice, but shared certain sexual traits and practices; self-efficacy in safe sex and gay community attachment were key factors associated with gay men???s sexual risk practices (???risk??? being defined as unprotected anal intercourse with any casual partners or with a regular partner whose HIV status was not concordant with the participant???s). This study provides evidence that the inclusion of individualism-collectivism, social cognitive variables and gay community factors in the examination of homosexual identity and practice among men of different cultural backgrounds holds promise. It further suggests that educational programs to encourage safe sex will continue to yield benefits from increasing individual awareness, confidence and ability to effectively deal with situations that could pose risks of HIV transmission.
26
Boydell, Nicola. "Personal communities and safer sex : a qualitative study of young gay and bisexual men in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6345/.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Successful HIV prevention efforts among gay men have been linked to strong ‘community’ responses to HIV and adherence to safer sex practices. Research has found that gay men are increasingly ambivalent about ‘gay communities’, leading some to suggest that using the lens of ‘personal communities’ (PCs) may offer a more useful way of exploring gay men’s personal and social relationships. This qualitative research study set out to explore young gay and bisexual men’s PCs, and the role people within them may play in shaping men’s understandings of, and approach to, ‘safer sex’. Methods: The findings of this qualitative study are based on data drawn from 30 semi-structured interviews with young (aged 18-29) gay and bisexual men living in Scotland. Spencer and Pahl’s (2006) method of exploring PCs using ‘affective maps’ was applied. Two interconnected phases of analysis were conducted: 1) analysis of the ‘maps’ developed by participants; and 2) thematic analysis of interview data using principles of the Framework approach. Findings: The findings suggest that men’s PCs are complex and diverse. Patterns were observed in terms of overall composition of the men’s PCs. Many of the men had ‘mixed’ friendship groups in terms of gender and sexual orientation. Although the men’s PCs were not wholly shaped by connection to ‘gay communities’, men nevertheless articulated the importance of support around safer sex from their gay male friends. Understandings of safer sex were based primarily on the need to protect against sexual infection. A novel finding was that some men framed safer sex as the need to protect against non-sexual risks. Men drew on a range of resources, from within their PCs, gay communities, and beyond, in developing understandings of safer sex. Social norms of condom use among the men’s PCs shaped men’s responses to risk in sex, specifically their approach to condom use. Consistent condom use with new and casual partners was framed as ‘normal’, however many of the young men reported a desire to discontinue condom use in the context of a relationship. Condomless sex in this context was not generally framed as ‘unsafe sex’. A novel finding was that many of the men articulated the need for HIV testing prior to ceasing condom use, not only as a response to risk of infection, but also as a way of building trust within a relationship. Conclusions: The findings suggest that future community-level interventions need to take into account changing patterns of sociality among young gay and bisexual men, and suggest that HIV prevention interventions could capitalise upon supportive relationships between men and other people within their PCs.
27
Palmieri, Steven A. "Sexual Empowerment for Sexual Minority Men: A Critical Qualitative Exploration." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1597071282969435.
Full text
28
Reilly, Andrew H. "Risk, body image, and internalized homonegativity among gay men: body building, eating disturbance, tanning and unsafe sex." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1086193466.
Full text
29
Chen, Chung Han. "A Feasibility Study of IPV among Gay Men in Metro Atlanta Using Social Media." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/180.
Full textAbstract:
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health issue occuring in the United States and globally. While little is known in general about IPV, understanding about the prevalence of physical IPV among gay men is even more obscure. Scientific literature indicates that harmful lifestyle health behaviors (alcohol and drug abuse, smoking, and risky sexual behaviors) are associated with the increased occurenece of IPV. Intimate Partner Violence in same-sex relationships is often unreported due to society's emphasis on "moral closets" or the fear of potential repercussions. As a result, very few empiracal researches have been conducted on the phenomenon of same-sex partner abuse. this study was conducted to examine the feasibility of enrolling 100 gay men from Atlaqnta into an IPV survey study. The survey was administered via Facebook. Ninety-nine usable surveys were collected. Chi-square tests reveal that being Non-White, using substaces (alcohol, tobacco, and elicit drugs) and non-disclosed orientation staus were all significantly associated with positive IPV reports. Overall, the study sample believes IPV is a health problem in the Atlanta gay community. These findings bear importance for the Atlanta gay community and public health professionals who must address this nearly invisible yet increasing public health issue.
30
Tachet, Michael Edward. "The Impact of HIV Prevention Education in School on Young Men Who Have Sex With Men." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7758.
Full textAbstract:
Sex education through the public school system has been identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as an excellent vehicle by which HIV prevention education can be presented to students, thereby decreasing the rate of HIV infection among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). However, YMSM continue to be at high risk for HIV infection in the United States despite educational efforts to prevent infection. The purpose of this qualitative study using a phenomenological approach was to explore what impact school-based HIV prevention education had on YMSM in the past, and what effect that education has had on their current sexual behaviors. The theoretical foundation for this study was the health belief model. Individual 1-hour interviews were conducted with 13 YMSM (ages 21-35) who received HIV prevention education in California. Interviews were analyzed for common themes using a phenomenological approach. Results of this study suggest that participants were not utilizing safer techniques taught in the school HIV prevention education because there was a lack of curriculum consistency, LGBTQ content, and classroom management, and the impact of stigma and homophobia on YMSM. These results support the health belief model. Findings support that positive social change can be achieved by providing standardized, all-inclusive, non-judgmental, HIV prevention education program, in a classroom environment where it is safe to receive same-sex sexual information. This should decrease the number of HIV+ test results among YMSM.
31
Mietinen, Jan Roar National Centre in HIV Social Research Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Talk about sex? - how HIV-positive gay men talk about sexual health with their doctors and health care providers." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. National Centre in HIV Social Research, 2010. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44711.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a qualitative study investigating the communication about sexual health between HIV-positive gay men and their doctors and other health care providers. The study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 in Sydney, Australia. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with eleven HIV-positive gay men, and analysed according to a modified grounded theory approach. The study aims to explore the men??s needs, expectations and experiences in relation to how sexual health is addressed in clinical consultations. While previous research has documented that HIV/AIDS is a diagnosis that poses significant physical, emotional and social challenges for People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) which may impact on their sexual health and well-being, this thesis examines whether, and to what extent this is communicated between HIV-positive gay men and their doctors. In doing so the study identifies and describes the ways in which HIV-positive gay men understand sexual health, how they currently talk to their clinicians about sexual health issues, the priority that such issues have for these men, and barriers and ??incentives?? to sexual health being discussed within HIV treatment settings. The study reveals that the men??s communication about sexual health with their doctors is essentially limited to discussions about sexually transmissible infections (STIs), which represent a common understanding of what constitutes sexual health. The emotional and social aspects of sexual health and well-being are rarely discussed in doctor-patient communication. Instead, the men rely on sources outside the health system, such as friends, peers, partners, gay and HIV community organizations and the gay and HIV media for sexual health information, advice and support. This indicates that broad, holistic sexual health has a low priority in discussions between patients and their doctors, and that social networks therefore play an important role in how HIV-positive gay men take care of their sexual health.
32
Yao, Dingming, and 姚丁銘. "Effectiveness of control measures against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193812.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a high risk group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Since 2003, HIV prevalence and incidence among MSM in China has increased alarmingly. And then numerous control measures targeting risk reduction of HIV infection among MSM have been implemented. However, previous studies varied in methodologies, prevention or interventions, and most studies only investigated one or several of control measures. Moreover, there are no existing systematic reviews on the effectiveness of integrated control measures against HIV infection. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of control measures against HIV infection among MSM in China, in terms of condom use, sexual behaviours, awareness of HIV knowledge, HIV counseling and testing, and HIV prevalence and incidence.
Methods: A total of 154 articles were first retrieved from English database PubMed, and 114 articles from Chinese database CNKI. 19 English and Chinese articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematically review.
Results: The common control measures, including distribution and use of condoms and lubricant, high risk behavioural interventions, education of HIV knowledge, peer interventions, HIV testing and counseling, and MSM community or venue based interventions, are effective in increasing condom use in the anal sex, reducing risk sexual behaviours, improving awareness of HIV knowledge, and promoting the participation of HIV counseling and testing, which are all beneficial to prevent HIV infection among MSM. These findings may be influenced by the design of questions and the standard, and the response of MSM to questions. As for HIV prevalence and incidence, the effectiveness on them is uncertain, probably owing to inappropriate timing of conducting control measures, the short follow-up period, the small sample size or the scale of study. Future studies need to improve sampling method, and extend follow-up time and the study scale appropriately.
Conclusion: Based on this systematic review, the control measures are effective in increasing condom use, reducing risk sexual behaviours, improving awareness of HIV knowledge and promoting the participation of HIV counseling and testing, while the effectiveness on HIV prevalence and incidence is uncertain among MSM in China. In future, more policy researches on HIV/AIDS burden, MSM and control measures are needed to provide an evidence base for policy change. In practice, policy makers and researchers need to promote structural control measures targeting different typologies of MSM. And the more effective way in conducting control measures needs the multi-sector cooperation, especially the cooperation between the governmental organizations and MSM community.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
33
Olah, Laura Katherine. "Gay Men and Lesbians' Experiences Regarding Dividing Household Labor When Going From a Heterosexual Cohabitating Relationship to Their First Same-Sex Cohabitating Relationhip." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52971.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative study sought to examine gay men and lesbians experiences of dividing household labor when going from a cohabitating heterosexual relationship to their first cohabitating same-sex relationship. Criterion sampling and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants across the United Sates. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants: two men and four women. The data was analyzed using Moustakas' transcendental phenomenology and codes were organized into themes. The data suggested four categories that described participants experiences of division of household labor when going from a heterosexual relationship to a same-sex relationship: Heterosexual Relationship, Adjustment, Same-Sex Relationship and Benefits and Challenges. Participants described how division of household labor was decided in both relationships, any adjustment regarding division of household labor when going from a heterosexual cohabitating relationship to their first same-sex relationship, how division of household labor was decided in their same-sex relationship, and any benefits and challenges faced from this experience. Overall, participants reported certain expectations regarding who should do the majority of tasks in their heterosexual relationship that were not present in their same-sex relationship. Any adjustment was attributed to getting used to having more help with household tasks in their same-sex relationship. Even though most participants reported no challenges faced from their experience, some participants felt the biggest benefit was having more help with household tasks in their same-sex relationship. Limitations, clinical implications, and future directions for research are discussed.Master of Science
34
Saleh, Lena Denise. "Sexual risk behaviors of African American men who have sex with men : implication of situational factors and partner dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669838.
Full text
35
Chen, Siyu, and 陈思宇. "A systematic review of interventions for HIV prevention among MSM (men who have sex with men) : what mainland China could learn from other countries?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193769.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The epidemic of HIV among MSM in China shows a hiking trend since 2003. The current intervention strategies in China lack effectiveness to curb the trend. It is imperative to review the interventions for HIV prevention among MSM in other countries to provide evidence for the future intervention design in China.
Objectives: This study aimed to review the HIV prevention interventions among men who have sex with men(MSM) in order to identify appropriate intervention strategies and practices to be employed in China.
Methods: Studies were searched in Pubmed database. Studies of interventions targeting MSM for HIV prevention among MSM in other countries were included in this systematic review. The search results were also filtered by the study type (i.e. RCT).The results and design of the studies were analyzed and discussed.
Results: The studies in this review were analysed in terms of the study design, sampling method, retention and intervention strategies. High risk sexual activity, condom use, HIV testing and HIV knowledge were used as outcome measurements. The findings indicated that the interventions were in general effective in reducing the sexual risk behavior and increasing the intention to have a HIV test. The design of RCT offers stronger evidence of the intervention effects. The intervention strategies combined with internet were more personalized and confidential.
Conclusions: Future intervention design in China could consider the strengths of interventions undertaken in other countries in order to improve the effectiveness and sustainability. In consideration of the context of China, this review made some suggestions for more effective implementation of interventions for HIV prevention among MSM in China.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
36
Macdonald, Ronald. "Pagbukadkad ng bulaklak = Blooming of the flower : an ethnographic study of a friendship group of same-sex attracted middle-class young men from Metro Manila in the Philippines." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/244.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation I examine “gay” life in the Philippines by focusing on a longstanding friendship group of same-sex attracted middle-class young men living in Metro Manila who identify as bakla/gay/homosexual. I explain how dynamics of gender and sexuality including identity expression are conceptualised, articulated and negotiated through the interphase of Philippine culture, social class, economic status and the cultural appropriation and adaptation of elements of Western gay discourse and lifestyle. Ethnography was selected as the most appropriate qualitative research method because of its theoretical and philosophical “fit” with the methodological assumptions that underpin this study. A key feature in both the theoretical and ideological approaches taken in this project has been the inclusion of Filipino theoretical perspectives rather than coming from a purely Western paradigmatic viewpoint. I argue that collectivism is a fundamental concept and guiding principle that underscores Filipino cultural life and societal worldview, and because of these affectations, dynamically informs on the ways in which social relations of gender and sexuality are structured and experienced. Western societies function on the psychological and ethical principle of individualism (a concept connected with notions of political autonomy rather than group association), and it is because of the inherent differences between these social paradigms that I conclude that local Filipino forms of homoeroticism and gender variance are conceived in cultural conditions unlike those embodied in equivalent Western metropoles. The data presented in this dissertation elucidates these systemic differences by exploring pertinent social issues that link the experience of urban Filipino cultural life with gender and sexuality.
37
Shah, Deepti. "The sexual risk cognitions questionnaire : a reliability and validity; a portfolio of study, practice and research." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318657.
Full text
38
Andrews, Paul John Social Sciences & International Studies Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Gay men talk about the place of extra-relational sex in their committed relationships: orientations to the therapeutic terrain." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Social Sciences & International Studies, 2010. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44847.
Full textAbstract:
Male couples place the issue of extra??relational sex (ERS) in their committed relationships at various points on a continuum between monogamy and non??monogamy. Further, many couples move about on this continuum over the course of the relationship, according to their changing wishes and desires. Making the right choice or transitioning from one relationship style to another is not always straightforward and unproblematic. Some male couples may benefit from therapeutic support at these crucial times. This research seeks to contribute to knowledge that could inform sensitive and respectful practice on the part of therapists and others who work with the relational concerns of gay men. Using qualitative methodology the research questions explored how gay men negotiate the place of ERS with their partners, the strategies they use to manage ERS, and their beliefs about the effects of their choices on themselves and their relationship. A purposive sample of 24 Sydney gay men (six single and 18 partnered) aged between 22 and 68 participated in the research. Data were collected through semi??structured interviews and subjected to thematic analysis. Despite diverse experiences of ERS, a core set of processes appeared central to relationship satisfaction and function. The knowledge produced by this research provides a number of ways for therapists to orient themselves to the therapeutic terrain of work with gay men and ERS while remaining alive to the unique and particular characteristics of the male couple relationship before them.
39
Mullens, Amy Boedicker. "Substance-related expectancies among men who have sex with men : development of psychometric tools to predict unprotected sexual activity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47333/1/Amy_Mullens_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Significant research has demonstrated direct and indirect associations between substance use and sexual behaviour. Substance use is related to sexual risk-taking and HIV seroconversion among some substance-using MSM. It remains unclear what factors mediate or underlie this relationship, and which substances are associated with greater harm. Substance-related expectancies are hypothesised as potential mechanisms. A conceptual model based on social-cognitive theory was tested, which explores the role of demographic factors, substance use, substance-related expectancies and novelty-seeking personality characteristics in predicting unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) while under the influence, across four commonly used substance types. Phase 1, a qualitative study (N = 20), explored how MSM perceive the effects of substance use on their thoughts, feelings and behaviours, including sexual behaviours. Information was attained through discussion and interviews, resulting in the establishment of key themes. Results indicated MSM experience a wide range of reinforcing aspects associated with substance use. General and specific effects were evident across substance types, and were associated with sexual behaviour and sexual risk-taking. Phase 2 consisted of developing a comprehensive profile of substance-related expectancies for MSM (SEP-MSM) regarding alcohol, cannabis, amyl nitrite and stimulants that possessed sound psychometric properties and was appropriate for use among this group. A cross-sectional questionnaire with 249 participants recruited through gay community networks was used to validate these measures, and involved online data collection, participants rating expectancy items and subsequent factor analysis. Results indicated expectancies can be reliably assessed, and predicted substance use patterns. Phase 3 examined demographic factors, substance use, substance-related expectancies, and novelty-seeking traits among another community sample of MSM (N = 277) throughout Australia, in predicting UAI while under the influence. Using a cross-sectional design, participants were recruited through gay community networks and completed online questionnaires. The SEP-MSM, and associated substance use, predicted UAI. This research extends social-cognitive theory regarding sexual behaviour, and advances understanding of the role of expectancies associated with substance use and sexual risk-taking. Future applications of the SEP-MSM in health promotion, prevention, clinical interventions and research are likely to contribute to reducing harm associated with substance-using MSM (e.g., HIV transmission).
40
Shepard, William D. "Masculine Gender Role Conflict and Psychological Well- Being: A Comparative Study of Heterosexual and Gay Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2830/.
Full textAbstract:
Masculine gender role conflict (MGRC) occurs when externally-imposed male gender role expectations have a negative impact on and consequences for men. The purpose of this study was to examine how men in a homogeneous setting (i.e., a college campus) compare on MGRC and psychological well-being, based on their self-identified sexual orientation. Utilizing canonical correlation analysis, 96 heterosexual men and 102 gay men were compared on four factors of MGRC (conflict between work and family, restrictive emotionality, restrictive affectionate behavior between men, and success, power, and competition) and five factors of psychological well-being (anger, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and attitudes toward seeking psychological help). Findings for the heterosexual men were highly consistent with previous studies on MGRC and psychological well-being in a college-age population. Findings for the gay men indicated they had more problems with MGRC and psychological well-being than college-age and older gay men surveyed in the one published study on gay men and MGRC. Gay men who were single also reported more problems with restrictive emotionality, anger, anxiety, and depression, and had lower self-esteem, than gay men who were in a relationship. Between group differences were few, with gay men reporting significantly less restrictive affectionate behavior between men than heterosexual men. There were no significant differences between the two groups on any of the psychological well-being variables, indicating that the gay men were no more pathological than the heterosexual men with respect to their psychological well-being. Overall, the psychological well-being of both populations was seen to suffer as a result of increased MGRC. Implications are discussed for psychological interventions with men who are bound by traditional male gender role stereotypes.
41
Sithole, Bhekizitha Nicholas. "HIV prevention needs for men who have sex with men in Swaziland : a case study of Manzini City." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79995.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic in the early 1980s, men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by the virus. Sex between men is the main route of transmission of HIV in some parts of the world. In some other places it is a secondary route of transmission. Worldwide, MSM are classified as most-at-risk populations because of their higher risk of HIV transmission. Although sex between men occurs in most societies, its existence, importance in HIV prevention are frequently denied. Often, these men are neglected in HIV prevention interventions. Sexual acts between men have often been condemned and sometimes criminalized. In some countries, penalties for those accused of sexual acts between men are among the severest available. Elsewhere, even where same-sex behaviour is not illegal, there is frequently unofficial persecution by the authorities or discrimination against or stigmatisation of those men known or thought to be having sexual relations with other men. For these reasons, in many parts of the world, sex between men is hidden or secretive. This makes an assessment of its extent, and of the various types of sexual acts that occur, even more difficult. As a result of being neglected, there has been generally lack of research and services directed towards MSM. In sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, it was only over 10 years ago, in 2001, when the first behavioural survey among MSM was conducted. However, few countries have conducted such studies and MSM’s specific health needs, especially for HIV prevention, are still not being met. In most countries, like Swaziland, the HIV prevalence is still generalized. Although Swaziland bears the burden the highest HIV prevalence in the world at 26% for the age group 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), interventions to MSM and other most-at-risk populations are limited. The study’s main aim was to identify the prevention needs of MSM in Swaziland. A total of 50 MSM were interviewed in order to find information. In addition, five key informants who were managers of HIV prevention programmes were also interviewed. It was established that there is a gap between the MSM’s needs and the interventions currently available. There were factors that put MSM at risk for HIV infection that were identified by the study. It was established that some of the HIV prevention did not meet the specific needs and expectations of MSM. Knowledge on some HIV risk behaviours and some prevention strategies targeting MSM was limited.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die begin van die MIV-epidemie in die vroeë 1980's, het die mans wat seks het met mans (MSM) is buite verhouding beïnvloed deur die virus. Seks tussen mans is die belangrikste roete van die oordrag van MIV in sommige dele van die wêreld. In sommige ander plekke is dit is 'n sekondêre roete van oordrag. Wêreldwyd, MSM word geklassifiseer as die meeste-at-Risk bevolking as gevolg van hul hoër risiko van MIV-oordrag. Alhoewel seks tussen mans in die meeste samelewings voorkom, word dikwels sy bestaan, belang in MIV-voorkoming geweier. Dikwels word hierdie manne verwaarloos in MIV-voorkoming intervensies. Seksuele dade tussen mans dikwels veroordeel en soms gekriminaliseer. In sommige lande, strawwe vir diegene wat beskuldig word van seksuele dade tussen mans is onder die ergste beskikbaar. Elders, selfs waar van dieselfde geslag gedrag nie onwettig is nie, is daar dikwels nie-amptelike vervolging deur die owerhede of diskriminasie of stigmatisering van daardie manne wat bekend is of gedink word om seksuele verhoudings met ander mans. Vir hierdie redes, seks tussen mans, in baie dele van die wêreld is verborge of geheimsinnig. Dit maak 'n assessering van die omvang, en van die verskillende tipes van seksuele dade wat plaasvind, nog moeiliker. As 'n gevolg van verwaarloos, is daar gewoonlik gebrek aan navorsing en dienste gerig op MSM. In sub-Sahara Afrika, byvoorbeeld, dit was net meer as 10 jaar gelede, in 2001, toe die eerste gedrags-opname onder MSM is uitgevoer. Egter, het 'n paar lande uitgevoer sodanige studies en MSM se spesifieke gesondheid behoeftes, veral vir MIV-voorkoming, is nog steeds nie bereik word nie. In die meeste lande, soos Swaziland, die voorkoms van MIV is nog steeds algemene. Hoewel Swaziland dra die las om die hoogste voorkoms van MIV in die wêreld op 26% vir die ouderdomsgroep 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), intervensies MSM en ander die meeste-op-risiko bevolkings is beperk. Die studie se hoofdoel was om die voorkoming van MSM te identifiseer in Swaziland. 'N totaal van 50 MSM is ondervra ten einde inligting te vind. Daarbenewens is ook vyf sleutel informante wat bestuurders van die voorkoming van MIV-programme ondervra. Daar is vasgestel dat daar is 'n gaping tussen die MSM se behoeftes en die intervensies wat tans beskikbaar is. Daar is faktore wat sit MSM 'n risiko vir MIV-infeksie wat deur die studie geïdentifiseer is. Daar is vasgestel dat sommige van die MIV-voorkoming het nie voldoen aan die spesifieke behoeftes en verwagtinge van MSM. Kennis op 'n aantal MIV-risiko gedrag en 'n paar voorkoming strategieë fokus MSM is beperk.
42
López, Castillo Humberto. "Contextual Factors and the Syndemic of Alcohol Use and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6537.
Full textAbstract:
Since the early 1990s with the AIDS pandemic, there has been an increasing interest on the importance of risky sexual behaviors, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). An important antecedent for these behaviors is alcohol use. Studies consistently show an increased frequency of both alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors in MSM populations. However, to date, there has not been a precise estimate of the effect size in these diverse populations and a consistent way to measure it. More so, the importance of context is often cited as a source of variability, but is rarely measured in these studies.
Contextual factors are different and specific for MSM, as they have been approached by two theories, both of which will be guiding this dissertation: Singer’s Syndemic Theory and Meyer’s Minority Stress Theory. Chapter 1, then presents a comprehensive review of both theories as they apply to alcohol use, risky sexual behaviors, and contextual factors driving them.
Chapter 2 answers the first research question about effect sizes through a systematic literature review. The effect sizes or measures of association of these contextual risk and protective factors were summarized using meta-analytic techniques. Using five electronic databases, we identified 26 studies in 26 years (1990–2015), all diverse in terms of sampling techniques, assessment of sexual orientation, operationalization of alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors, contextual factors included, and measurement of effect sizes. Despite this diversity, studies reporting an effect size were pooled and summarized using both descriptive and meta-analytic techniques, as appropriate. Meta-analyses were conducted using Cochrane’s guidelines for generic inverse variance outcomes with random effects. The pooled effects of alcohol use on condomless anal intercourse (CAI; OR 1.73 [95% CI 1.43, 2.10], I2 0%), heavy episodic drinking on CAI (OR 1.88 [95% CI 1.25, 2.81], I2 32%), and heavy episodic drinking on condomless oral sex (OR: 8.00; 95% CI 2.48, 25.81), as well as the effects of substance use, mental health status, violence and victimization, and self-reported HIV status as contextual factors in the pathway between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors were calculated, reported, and discussed along with study limitations and implications for public health.
Chapter 3 answers the second research question regarding a standardized measurement model for effect sizes and the multiple mediation of contextual factors. We used the male subset of Wave IV of the AddHealth dataset to test our hypotheses through structural equation modeling approaches, including measurement analysis with invariance testing, path analysis for direct effects, and multiple mediation analysis through bootstrapping for indirect effects. The AUD scale was invariant between MSM and MSW, but the risky sexual behavior scale was not. For MSM, the standardized direct effect of AUD onto risky sexual behaviors was –1.25 and the standardized total indirect effect of the multiple mediation model was 1.58, 95% CI [1.42, 1.73]. Among the mediators, the strongest indirect effect for any measured or latent mediator was the mental health construct (2.09). We conclude that even though AUD has the same measurement structure for MSM and MSW, its effect on risky sexual behaviors does not operate the same way for these two populations, supporting both causal and contextual behavioral theories.
Conclusions are individually discussed, respectively, in Chapters 2 and 3. However, Chapter 4 puts both manuscript conclusions in context and further discusses future implications for public health research, practice, and policy.
43
Prestage, Garrett School of Sociology UNSW. "Investigating sexuality : a personal review of homosexual behaviour, identities and subcultures in social research." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Sociology, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19353.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the relationship between identity, behaviour and desire to examine the nature of research among homosexually active men. The hypothesis is that samples of such men necessarily reflect the definitions of sexuality and homosexuality, and their interpretation, by both the researchers themselves and their research subjects, meaning that the research process itself is marked by the subjectivity of the field of sexuality. The relationship between the observer and the observed is intrinsic to research into homosexual subjectivity and the samples obtained, therefore, represent particular kinds of sexual subjects in a particular social and sexual cultural milieu. Research in this field has given pre-eminence to behaviour over identity and desire, and, as such, has usually failed to account for these differences in sexual subjectivities. To investigate this problem, I have reviewed the relevant literature both on subjectivity and on methodological approaches to research among homosexual men, and I have appraised my own ideological and personal relationships with the subject matter. I have examined the nature of the samples of homosexual men I have obtained during my work as a researcher within the Sydney gay community and reanalysed these with regard to the particular problematic I have identified. These investigations and analyses have shown that there are numerous differences within and between the various samples of homosexual men obtained, indicating that methodological frameworks can determine the nature of the samples obtained. These differences in samples also appear to reflect differences in the ways of enacting homosexual desire among the men in the studies. However, they also parallel differences in the definitions and understandings of the target population by the researchers themselves. These differences reflect differences in definition and understanding both of homosexuality and of the population of gay men, but they also represent differing patterns in the ways of being and living ?gay?, differences in sexual subjectivity. ?Gayness? and homosexuality, as concepts in research, are both the subjective basis on which the research endeavour itself is based, as well as its representational outcome.
44
Kose, Zamakayise Zukisa. "The experiences of men who have sex with men (MSM) in accessing public primary health care services in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4698.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Research has shown that men who have sex with men (MSM) experience stigma, discrimination, negative and judgmental attitudes and homophobia when accessing health care services. This has resulted in limited uptake of existing HIV and AIDS services. Further, the experiences serve as barriers to seeking and accessing public primary health care services. Negative psychological outcomes and in unique cases, adverse mental health outcomes have resulted from these experiences. Aim: The study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of a sample of MSM when accessing public health care services in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM). Method: A purposive sample of twenty-one MSM aged 22 to 30+ years, mainly black who lived in NMBM participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews. The study used the exploratory-descriptive qualitative design and thematic analysis was used to summarize findings. Findings: Findings from the study showed that MSM experience internalized stigma, perceived stigma, experienced stigma and HIV related stigma, resulting in minority stress. Experiences with health care services included long waiting time, lack of supplies, being attended to by different health care providers, health care provider insensitivity, comfort with health care provider and a need for integrating health services for MSM with general health services. Effects of stigma expressed by the men were non-disclosure of sexual orientation, reluctance to use public health facilities, negative mental health outcome and conformity to society. Conclusion: The study suggests that MSM public health services need to be improved and barriers to health access among MSM need to be addressed. Lastly, there is a need to address the health, psychological and social effects of stigma suffered by MSM.
45
Brisson, Julien. "Moving beyond Resistance and Medicalization: Challenging Common Representations of Bareback Sex and HIV through Ethnography." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32991.
Full textAbstract:
Condomless sex between gay men, also known as bareback sex, has been a popular object of research since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. One of the most common perspectives on studying bareback sex has been through a medicalization approach, as it may be observed notably with public health and psychology. In other instances, the abandonment of condom use is framed as an intentional act of resistance to public health. Through the methodological approach of ethnography, I studied how young gay men in their twenties from Toronto understand bareback sex in relations to popular discourses of the sexual practice. While my informants initially had a certain way of talking of bareback sex, their narratives on the sexual practice changed with time and challenged the common representations of bareback sex as either a site of resistance or medicalization, which I argue was possible because of the methodological approach of ethnography. During fieldwork, other themes also emerged in regards to shaping understandings of bareback sex and HIV as it relates to young gay men, such as the traumatic memories of an older generation who witnessed the earlier days of the AIDS epidemic. From this anthropological research, I seek to invite the opportunity to rethink the relationship between sex, biomedical science, and HIV.
46
Gieck, Donald J. "Development of a brief motivational intervention that targets heterosexual men's preventive sexual health behavior." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1481671711&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
47
Doan, David C. "The Influence of Culture on HIV Disclosure Among Gay Asian Males." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4360.
Full textAbstract:
HIV-positive, Asian Pacific Islander (API) men who have sex with men (MSM) experience triple minority stigma including HIV, sexual orientation, and minority ethnicity. To date, there is no research that examines the influence of cultural factors, level of acculturation, social determinants of health, and other confounding variables (e.g., age, education, level of income, and length of time since diagnosis) on HIV-positive disclosure behaviors, attitudes, and intentions to casual sexual partners for API MSM. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Hofstede's original cultural values and Triandis's cultural dimensions. In this 2-phase, mixed methods, sequential explanatory study, 24 API MSM participants who are members of Fridae and other API organizations in the United States completed an anonymous online survey and 8 participants in Southern California completed in-depth semistructured phenomenological qualitative interviews. None of the regressions produced significant findings at the requested significance level (i.e., p < 0.5). The findings from the 2 phases of the study were integrated to facilitate a deeper, richer, and better understanding and explanation of those results than either approach alone. This mixed methods study was unique because it addressed an under-researched and poorly understood population of API MSM. The findings from this study have implications for positive social change for practitioners to incorporate culturally sensitive counseling strategies and for policymakers to develop or modify existing HIV preventive health education and health promotion programs for HIV-positive API MSM to negotiate safer sex behaviors, improve well-being, provide informed choice, and protect life that would promote competent quality care.
48
Jackman, Mahalia. "Living in Sodom's shadow : essays on attitudes towards gay men and lesbians in the Commonwealth Caribbean." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/living-in-sodoms-shadow-essays-on-attitudes-towards-gay-men-and-lesbians-in-the-commonwealth-caribbean(a608cdf2-04e3-4e2a-9a78-506c49c71625).html.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last few decades, there has been a significant increase in the political and public acceptance of gay men and lesbians. However, this trend of acceptance is not a global phenomenon. Currently over 70 countries still criminalise private consensual same-sex intimacy, among which are 11 of the 12 independent Commonwealth Caribbean states. It should be noted that the anti-gay laws of the Caribbean are rarely used to police consensual private sexual activities. Thus, if private same-sex conduct is rarely penalised, why keep the laws in place, especially in the age where such bans are considered a violation of basic human rights? Many policy makers in the region have cited public opinions about homosexuality as a significant barrier to law reform. However, while a common view is that these laws are anchored by public support, very few studies have emerged to test whether the attitudes and behaviours of the general population are in line with this view. Against this backdrop, this thesis analyses attitudes towards lesbians and gay men and their legal rights in the Commonwealth Caribbean. The thesis begins with an analysis of support for the anti-gay laws in Barbados, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. The analysis revealed that a majority of the sample supported the maintenance and enforcement of the laws, but did not want same-sex couples to be penalised for having sex in private. This suggests that attitudes may not be as stark as policy makers suggest. The descriptive statistics also show that a significant share of individuals think that the laws (1) reflect moral standards; (2) stop the spread of homosexuality; (3) are important from a public health perspective, and (4) protect young people from abuse. Support for the laws are thus related to beliefs that homosexuality is a 'threat' to the fabric of society. The empirical analysis of support for the laws revealed that religiousness, interpersonal contact and beliefs about the origin of homosexuality were the most reliable predictors of public support. However, age and education were only statistically significant in a few models, and there was no evidence that attitudes varied across religious denominations. This is a contrast to the findings of studies in the West. It was hypothesised that macro-level factors - such as the large share of Evangelicals, anti-gay laws and level of socioeconomic development - could be exerting an influence on attitudes that is stronger than that of these personal characteristics. As such, the study conducted a cross-national analysis of attitudes towards same-sex marriage in 28 countries in the Americas, 6 of which were members of the Commonwealth Caribbean. In general, countries with higher levels of development, smaller shares of Evangelicals and more liberal laws on homosexuality were more approving of same-sex marriage. The results also suggest that the impact of age and/or religion is less prominent in countries with restrictions on same-sex intimacy, lower levels of development and a strong Evangelical presence, confirming the hypothesis that contextual factors could mitigate the impact of some of the individual-level variables. Finally, to get a nuanced view of anti-gay prejudice in the region, a thematic analysis of anti-gay speech in dancehall and reggae - music originating from Jamaica but popular in the region - was presented. The thematic analysis revealed that homosexuality is presented as 'sinful', a 'violation of gendered norms', 'unnatural', a 'threat to society' and a 'foreign lifestyle'. The presentation of homosexuality as a 'foreign' lifestyle suggests that anti-gay prejudice could be related to fears of neo-imperialism and could be a means of rejecting ideological intrusions from the West. This is not surprising, as currently, the fight for the advancement of gay rights is being headed by activists in the West. Based on the thematic analysis, efforts to remove the anti-gay laws should be (or at least appear to be) home-grown to limit public backlash.
49
Siroonian, Jason. "Gay pornographic videos the emergent Falcon formula /." Thesis, Connect to this title online, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD%5F0005/MQ43951.pdf.
Full text
50
Becker, Joshua M. ""The Space We Inhabit Together" Exploring the Impact of Legal Marriage on the Lives of Gay Men in Same-Sex Marriages." Thesis, Union Institute and University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10110916.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, I explored the impact legal marriage has had on gay men in legally sanctioned same-sex marriages. Participants included five gay men who were legally married in Massachusetts. Each participant was interviewed three times; twice using a semi-structured interview guide developed for this study plus a feedback session for clarification and validity check. Narrative information was coded for emergent categories and themes using a constructivist-interpretivist phenomenological approach. I sought to explore how gay men perceive their relationships after being able to marry, the extent to which being married has impacted how they view themselves and their relationships, as well as how the availability of legal marriage has affected social acceptance and community support. Three categories emerged from coded narrative data: (a) Entering Marriage, which included themes of how participants defined marriage, as well as processes that led them to marry; (b) Mechanics and Meaning-Making in Marriage, which included themes relating to changes participants noticed in themselves since being married, as well as differences in how aspects of marriage such as division of labor, finance, intimacy, and family expansion were navigated; and (c) Marriage in Context, which included themes relating to community, social, and political influences on participants’ marriages. The findings revealed that legal marriage has had a positive impact for these five men across intrapsychic, interpersonal, and social domains, though each participant experienced these impacts differently. I hope the information gathered will help contextualize the issue of gay male marriage equality reflected in real life experience as the field of psychology continues to expand the notions of healthy family relationships and their constellations.