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Journal articles on the topic 'Sex machines'
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Sey, James. "Sex Machines and Statistical Persons." South African Journal of Psychology 27, no. 2 (June 1997): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639702700209.
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In this article I attempt to trace the genealogy of the body-technology relation in the 20th century as it emerges at two specific historical junctures: (i) The Taylorist/Fordist ergonomic society of the early part of the 20th century. To this end it outlines a double trajectory: firstly the shift in the epistemology of monstrosity from pre-enlightenment singularity to enlightenment replicability, and thus the possibility of containment and ‘technological monstrosity’ in the modern era; and secondly the emergence of Fordism as a social and scientific system which is premised on the body-as-machine but is underpinned by the fascination presented by the possibility of ‘machine pathology’, (ii) The emergence of the ‘statistical person’ in the late 20th century; a species of more or less psychopathological identity related to the predominance of information processing in contemporary urban epistemology. I argue that the late 20th century relation to technology, the cybernetic or statistical, is the inverse of that of the Fordist worker at the assembly line in the early part of the century, the era of the ‘sexualized machine’.
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Dehnert, Marco. "Sex With Robots and Human-Machine Sexualities: Encounters Between Human-Machine Communication and Sexuality Studies." Human-Machine Communication 4 (2022): 131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30658/hmc.4.7.
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Sex robots are a controversial topic. Understood as artificial-intelligence enhanced humanoid robots designed for use in partnered and solo sex, sex robots offer ample opportunities for theorizing from a Human-Machine Communication (HMC) perspective. This comparative literature review conjoins the seemingly disconnected literatures of HMC and sexuality studies (SeS) to explore questions surrounding intimacy, love, desire, sex, and sexuality among humans and machines. In particular, I argue for understanding human-machine sexualities as communicative sexuotechnical-assemblages, extending previous efforts in both HMC and SeS for more-than-human, ecological, and more fluid approaches to humans and machines, as well as to sex and sexuality. This essay continues and expands the critical turn in HMC by engaging in an interdisciplinary exercise with theoretical, design, and use/effect implications in the context of sex robots.
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Ohtsuka, Keis, Eric Bruton, Louisa Deluca, and Victoria Borg. "Sex Differences in Pathological Gambling Using Gaming Machines." Psychological Reports 80, no. 3 (June 1997): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.1051.
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With recent introduction of poker machines in Australia, there have been claims of increases in the number of women with gambling-related problems. Research in the United States indicates, however, that men have a higher incidence of pathological gambling. The aims of this study were to ascertain among game machine users in a major city in Australia whether (a) more women than men exhibited symptoms of pathological gambling, (b) women reported higher guilt associated with their gambling, and (c) gamblers' self-assessment on several mood states was predictive of pathological gambling. A modified version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen was administered to 104 users of game machines (44 men, 60 women) sampled from patrons at gaming venues in Melbourne, Australia. Data indicated no significant sex difference in the proportion of pathological gamblers or in gambling-related guilt. Self-assessment of Happiness, Propensity for Boredom, and Loneliness, significantly predicted scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen, with Unhappiness a significant independent predictor of pathological gambling. This may suggest that gambling acts to fill a need in the lives of unhappy people or that individuals who lack control over their gambling report higher unhappiness. Further research is needed to discover this relationship.
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Gallagher, Rob. "No Sex Please, We Are Finite State Machines." Games and Culture 7, no. 6 (November 2012): 399–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412012466287.
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Friedman, Cindy. "Sex Robots: Love in the Age of Machines." Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies 33, no. 1 (June 18, 2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.123.
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In Sex Robots: Love in the Age of Machines (2022), Maurizio Balistreri tackles the provocative topic of sex robots. Through engaging with the most common questions and concerns that arise in discussions about sex robots, Balistreri provides a good overview and introduction to current debates while, at the same time, bringing their own opinion to the fore. Given that a decent array of topics are covered in just over 100 pages, the book doesn’t necessarily go into great philosophical detail and analysis. However, this serves well for those who are not as familiar with the topic at hand.
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AKRAM, MUHAMMAD, MUHAMMAD NAZIM, MUHAMMAD REHMAN GULZAR, and Javed Iqbal. "AGRICULTURAL MACHINES INJURIES." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 04 (December 10, 2009): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.04.2551.
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O b j e c t i v e s : (1) To determine the extent of agricultural injuries in term of their site, severity, management and type ofagriculture machine. (2) To determine the techniques that can decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by agricultural injuries. S t u dyd e s i g n : Descriptive study. S e t t i n g : This study was conducted in surgical department of Allied & DHQ hospital Faisalabad. P e r i o d : January2007 to December 2007. Material a n d M e t h o d s : This descriptive study was performed in 40 consecutive patients in surgical departmentDHQ/Allied hospital Faisalabad during Jan.2007 to Dec.2007.AII people who got agricultural injuries were included. People who got traumaticinjuries other than agricultural machines were excluded. All injuries were noted with respect to the age and sex of the patient, site, size, andseverity of injury, and type of agricultural machine. Management was done accordingly. Result: Out of 40 cases, 34 [85%] were male and06[15%] were female. In 25 cases [67.5%] fodder cutter were involved. In 10 cases[25%]pinching machines [gears, belt, chain machines] wereinvolved .03 cases [7.5%]run over by machine. 02 cases [05%]by harvesting machines In 30 cases[75%]upper limb was involved. In 05 [12.5%]cases scalp injuries were noted. In 02 cases [05%] genitalia were avulsed. In 03cases [7.5%] lower limb was involved. Injuries range from simplelacerations, degloving injuries, tendons &vessels injuries &finally amputations. C o n c l u s i o n : Mostly young male population is involved inagricultural machine injuries. Morbidity of .agricultural machine injuries can be reduced by modifying design of agriculture machines, by trainingfarm workers & by their proper treatment.
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Charagu, P. K., D. H. Crews Jr., R. A. Kemp, and P. B. Mwansa. "Machine effects on accuracy of ultrasonic prediction of backfat and ribeye area in beef bulls, steers and heifers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 80, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a99-044.
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Pre-slaughter ultrasound and carcass measurements of ribeye area (REA) and backfat (FAT) were recorded on composite beef bulls (n = 60), heifers (n = 60) and steers (n = 60). Breed composition of the composite was: 0.44 British (Hereford, Angus and Shorthorn) 0.25 Charolais, 0.25 Simmental and 0.06 Limousin. The Aloka SSD-1100 (AL) and the Tokyo Keiki CS 3000 (TK) ultrasound machines were compared by evaluating the difference between ultrasound and carcass measurements (bias), and the standard error of prediction (SEP). AL under-predicted REA in all three sexes while TK overpredicted heifers and steers and underpredicted bulls. Both machines were similar in accuracy among bulls for REA. For FAT AL underpredicted all three sexes while TK underpredicted heifers and had very small bias for bulls and steers. SEP for FAT were similar for both machines. Both machines underpredicted REA in larger muscled cattle and overpredicted in smaller-muscled cattle. Both machines also underpredicted FAT in fatter animals and overpredicted FAT in leaner animals. Machines were similar in accuracy among cattle with larger REA but differed significantly (P < 0.05) among smaller-muscled cattle. Machines were comparable in accuracy among animals of all FAT sizes. This study demonstrates that there is an important relationship between machine and the size and depth of muscle and backfat, respectively, and consequently between machine and sex, in accuracy of ultrasound prediction. Key words: Beef cattle, ultrasound, accuracy, back fat, ribeye area
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Kaisar, Marilia. "Bluetooth Orgasms." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 37, no. 71 (January 3, 2022): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v37i71.125253.
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Bluetooth-operated sex toys penetrate and are penetrated by the human body, leaving code behind. This article analyzes the relationships that develop between bodies and Bluetooth-operated interactive sex toys. Resembling the pods and portals of David Cronenberg’s film eXistenZ, interactive sex toys allow us to consider how technologies relate intimately to the sexual body. I use Massumi’s work on virtuality and affect theory as a starting point from which to frame embodiment, virtuality, and the circulation of affects. Further, I consider the importance of embodiment and the translations of intensities and vibrations through digital coding among the open sexual body, the technology of the sexual machine, and the applications that foster those connections, in the context of Bluetooth-operated sex toys. This article advocates the need to consider intimate encounters between interactive sex toys and bodies as complex technological and biological assemblages, where vibrating machines and the human body’s flesh come into intimate connection through datafication.
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Cho, Mi-jeong. "Homo Sacer in the AI Age: The Sex and Love of Posthuman in SF." Convergence English Language & Literature Association 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 179–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.55986/cell.2024.9.1.179.
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This study examines the evolution of posthumans in novels and movies as a relationship between sex and love, focusing on Giorgio Agamben's Homo Sacer. Agamben tried to reveal the essence of life politics through the concept of Homo Sacer, which is, bare life. Bare life means only biological life in all living things that Aristotle divided into Zoe and Bios, and humans pursue the life of Bios, who live as a member of a community of society, politics, and culture beyond the life of Zoe. Artificial intelligence robots have only Zoe's life, deprived of their social and political life, Bios. With the development of technology, such AI has a more human appearance, emotion, intelligence, and ability than humans, and dreams of the realm of Bios pursued by humans. I analyzed the emotions and identity of humans and posthuman beings in the AI era, focusing on Rachel in Phillip Dick's novel, the movie Ex Machina's Ava, and David Mitchell's novel of the same name, Cloud Atlas' Sonmi-451. Female mechanical humans are creatures that have life but have no value for existence, and they become invisible others in oppression and governance, appearing as unfamiliar fears, that is, the uncanny. This study examined why humans pursue sexual relationships with machine humans through female AI's uncanny, whether it is possible to fall in love with them, and what it means for programmed AI to evolve on its own, control emotions, and use it to mock humans. As machines become more human-like, their uncanniness makes humans even more uneasy and fearful. If humans can no longer be distinguished from machines, it is necessary to redefine humanity to understand what makes us human. Only then, when the science fiction imagined becomes a scientific reality, can we truly live as humans.
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Ballinger, Gill. "Representing Bodies and Bathing Machines: Jane Austen’s Sanditon and Andrew Davies’s 2019 ITV Adaptation." Humanities 11, no. 4 (June 28, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11040081.
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Jane Austen’s final novel fragment Sanditon has inspired continuations of many kinds from the mid-nineteenth century onwards. The most recent literary afterlife it has generated is the 2019 British adaptation for ITV, created by Andrew Davies, and with a screenplay by Davies, Justin Young and Andrea Gibb. This eight-part adaptation attempts to recreate Austen’s Regency world but reimagines and develops Sanditon through the lens of twenty-first century sexual sensibilities. Most notably, depictions of male nudity and sex acts demonstrate the adaptation’s engagement with contemporary sexual politics. Scenes offering salacious views of naked men sea-bathing counter the historical tradition of the female nude offered up for male gaze; the female body, in contrast, remains fully clothed in response to the contemporary Me-Too context. Furthermore, the inclusion of sex scenes, a character with a backstory of sexual abuse, a relationship featuring coercive control, and an ending denying the heroine her man reflects the zeitgeist. However, the disappointing British viewing figures for Sanditon suggest that sex does not always sell, particularly when it comes to creating a successful twenty-first century Austen adaptation.
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Telotte, J. P. "Sex and machines: the ‘buzz’ of 1950s science fiction films." Science Fiction Film & Television 8, no. 3 (October 2015): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/sfftv.2015.24.
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Cahyadi, Dwi, Suparno Suparno, Ratna Wulaningrum, Imam Rojiki, and Ferry Bayu Setiawan. "Ergonomics and Anthropometry in the Design of Doyo Leaf Fiber Softener Machine." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 10, no. 8 (2023): 027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.108.3.
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One of the production processes for making weaving from doyo leaf fiber is the process of softening the dry leaf fiber before it is spun into yarn. This softening process is done so that the dried leaf fibers become more flexible and elastic so they can be easily spun into yarn. One aspect of machine design is reviewing machine design from ergonomic factors so that the machines used by workers are safer and more comfortable. This study aims to design a doyo leaf fiber softener machine in terms of the ergonomics of the machine's products. The analysis used in this study is an ergonomic analysis using anthropometric data tables using the sex of adult women, aged 18-45 years with a size of 50 percentile, from the Indonesian ethnic group. The results of the analysis show that the ergonomic machine height for workers is 100 cm, with a width of 100 cm and a machine height of 70 cm. The contribution of this research is to provide a design and build of doyo leaf fiber softener machine to the softener machine manufacturing industry so that the machine becomes ergonomic for the safety and comfort of the user.
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Gobin, Maya, Jeremy Horwood, Sarah Stockwell, Sarah Denford, Joanna Copping, Lottie Lawson, Samuel Hayward, Lindsey Harryman, and Joanna M. Kesten. "Qualitative evaluation of digital vending machines to improve access to STI and HIV testing in South West England: using a Person-Based Approach." BMJ Open 14, no. 6 (June 2024): e084786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084786.
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ObjectivesTo report the development, implementation, acceptability and feasibility of vending machines offering HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing kits.DesignA qualitative study using the Person-Based Approach with patient and public involvement workshops and stakeholder involvement and interviews with machine users, sexual health service (SHS) staff, venue staff and local authority sexual health commissioners. Transcripts were analysed thematically.SettingBristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire (BNSSG).Participants15 machine users, 5 SHS staff, 3 venue staff and 3 local authority commissioners.InterventionFour vending machines dispensing free HIV self-testing and STI self-sampling kits in publicly accessible venues across BNSSG were introduced to increase access to testing for groups at higher risk of HIV and STI infection who are less likely to access SHS clinic testing services (young people, people from black communities, and gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men).ResultsMachine users reported the service was convenient, easy to use and accessible; however, concerns regarding privacy related to machine placement within the venues and issues of maintenance were raised. Promotional material was inclusive and informative; however, awareness of the service through the promotional campaign was limited. Vending machines were acceptable to venue staff once clear processes for their management were agreed with the SHS. SHS staff identified challenges with the implementation of the service related to the limited involvement of the whole SHS team in the planning and development.ConclusionsThe codeveloped vending machine service was acceptable, addressing some barriers to testing. Resources and protected staff time are needed to support greater involvement of the whole SHS team and service providers in venues. Adopting a similarly robust coproduction approach to the implementation of the machines could avoid the challenges reported. The placement of the machines to assure users privacy and repeated, targeted promotion could encourage service use among target groups.
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Richardson, Kathleen. "Sex Robot Matters: Slavery, the Prostituted, and the Rights of Machines." IEEE Technology and Society Magazine 35, no. 2 (June 2016): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mts.2016.2554421.
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Rodriguez-Amat, Joan Ramon, and Nicole Duller. "Space Sex-Machines: trans-planetary ethics and the mediatization of things." MedienJournal 47, no. 1 (May 11, 2023): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/medienjournal.v47i1.2219.
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Stafylis, Chrysovalantis, Lauren J. Natoli, Jamie A. Murkey, Kristie K. Gordon, Sean D. Young, Mark R. McGrath, and Jeffrey D. Klausner. "Vending machines in commercial sex venues to increase HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men." mHealth 4 (October 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/mhealth.2018.10.03.
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Knafo, Danielle, and Rocco Lo Bosco. "Natural-Born Deviants: The Existential Escapades of Sex Tech." American Imago 80, no. 4 (December 2023): 663–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aim.2023.a918105.
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Abstract: This article underscores the inherent technological drive that exists in human beings, whose wellspring is mortal vulnerability coupled with human intelligence and mobile dexterity. It also stresses the progressive and refined interaction between humans and their machines, drawing connections between the technological enterprise and human sexuality, especially with regard to perversion. It examines the new sexual landscape emerging as a result of advanced technology, offering a brief summary of four clinical cases.
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Panciuchin, Joanna. "Czy robot jest kobietą?" Prace Kulturoznawcze 21, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-6668.21.3.6.
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Is the robot a woman?The article is devoted to the question of the impact of machines on gender relations. The author points to phenomena that may contribute to maintaining patriarchal patterns of behavior or the deepening of existing stereotypes about the role and position of women and men in contemporary societies. This issue is considered on the example of two types of machines: sex-robots and personal robots, including voice assistants.
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Drucker, Donna J. "Keying Desire: Alfred Kinsey’s Use of Punched-Card Machines for Sex Research." Journal of the History of Sexuality 22, no. 1 (January 2013): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/jhs22105.
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Raffe, S., A. Pollard, JH Vera, S. Soni, C. Peralta, L. Rodriguez, G. Dean, and CD Llewellyn. "HIV self-tests for men who have sex with men, accessed via a digital vending machine: a qualitative study of acceptability." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 5 (March 18, 2020): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462419890726.
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As the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV infection in the UK declines, innovative ways to access those least engaged with services are needed. This study explores the attitudes of men who have sex with men (MSM) towards using HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits distributed via a vending machine in a sauna (a licenced sex-on-premise venue). Twenty-three MSM attending the sauna were recruited to take part in semi-structured qualitative interviews. The participants were overwhelmingly positive about the HIVST vending machine. They identified convenience and flexibility as major benefits to testing in this way. The sauna was felt to be an appropriate location for the intervention. Limitations identified included the potential to reduce screening for other sexually transmitted infections and the inappropriate use of HIVST kits as a tool for risk-assessment prior to condomless sex, with a poor understanding of the window period. The implications of receiving a positive result without immediate access to support were also a concern. HIVST vending machines are an acceptable, innovative way to encourage HIV testing. Providers need to ensure this intervention is supported by adequate information regarding the limitations of the test and how to access comprehensive services to avoid any unintended negative effects.
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Cox, Meredith, J. C. Panagides, Azadeh Tabari, Sanjeeva Kalva, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, and Dania Daye. "Risk stratification with explainable machine learning for 30-day procedure-related mortality and 30-day unplanned readmission in patients with peripheral arterial disease." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): e0277507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277507.
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Predicting 30-day procedure-related mortality risk and 30-day unplanned readmission in patients undergoing lower extremity endovascular interventions for peripheral artery disease (PAD) may assist in improving patient outcomes. Risk prediction of 30-day mortality can help clinicians identify treatment plans to reduce the risk of death, and prediction of 30-day unplanned readmission may improve outcomes by identifying patients who may benefit from readmission prevention strategies. The goal of this study is to develop machine learning models to stratify risk of 30-day procedure-related mortality and 30-day unplanned readmission in patients undergoing lower extremity infra-inguinal endovascular interventions. We used a cohort of 14,444 cases from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. For each outcome, we developed and evaluated multiple machine learning models, including Support Vector Machines, Multilayer Perceptrons, and Gradient Boosting Machines, and selected a random forest as the best-performing model for both outcomes. Our 30-day procedure-related mortality model achieved an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71–0.79) and our 30-day unplanned readmission model achieved an AUC of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67–0.71). Stratification of the test set by race (white and non-white), sex (male and female), and age (≥65 years and <65 years) and subsequent evaluation of demographic parity by AUC shows that both models perform equally well across race, sex, and age groups. We interpret the model globally and locally using Gini impurity and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Using the top five predictors for death and mortality, we demonstrate differences in survival for subgroups stratified by these predictors, which underscores the utility of our model.
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Maylenova, F. G. "LOVE END POBOTS. Will humanity become digisexual?" RUDN Journal of Philosophy 23, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 312–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2019-23-3-312-323.
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Mechanisms that help people in their lives have existed for centuries, and every year they become not only more and more complex and perfect, but also smarter. It is impossible to imagine modern production without smart machines, but today, with the advent of robotic android robots, their participation in our private lives and, consequently, their influence on us, becomes much more obvious. After all, the robots that are increasingly taking root in our lives today, are no longer perceived by us simply as mechanisms, we endow them with human properties of character and often experience different emotions in relation to them. The appearance of a robot capable of experiencing (or still imitating?) emotions can be considered a qualitatively new step in the life of a person with robots. With such robots, it will be possible to be friends with them, to look for (and probably get) support from them. It is expected that they will be able to brighten up the loneliness of a variety of people, including disabled people, lonely old people, to help in caring for the sick and at the same time entertain them with communication. Speaking about the relationship with robots, it is difficult not to mention such an important aspect of human communication as sex, which, on the one hand, is not only a need, as in all living beings, but also the highest form of human love and intimacy, and on the other - can exist and be satisfied completely separate from love. It is this duality of human nature that has contributed to the transformation of sex and the human body into a commodity and the development of prostitution, pornography and the use of sexual images in advertising. The emergence of android robots can radically change our lives, including the most intimate areas of life. The development of the artificial intelligence sex industry opens up a whole new era of human-machine interaction. When smart machines become not only comfortable and entertaining, but literally enter our flesh, become our interlocutors, friends and lovers who share our feelings and interests, what will be the consequences of this unprecedented intimacy between man and machine?
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Chingombe, Innocent, Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Diego Cuadros, Munyaradzi Paul Mapingure, Elliot Mbunge, Simbarashe Chaputsira, Roda Madziva, et al. "Predicting HIV Status among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Bulawayo & Harare, Zimbabwe Using Bio-Behavioural Data, Recurrent Neural Networks, and Machine Learning Techniques." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 9 (September 5, 2022): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7090231.
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HIV and AIDS continue to be major public health concerns globally. Despite significant progress in addressing their impact on the general population and achieving epidemic control, there is a need to improve HIV testing, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study applied deep and machine learning algorithms such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs), the bagging classifier, gradient boosting classifier, support vector machines, and Naïve Bayes classifier to predict HIV status among MSM using the dataset from the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care. RNNs performed better than the bagging classifier, gradient boosting classifier, support vector machines, and Gaussian Naïve Bayes classifier in predicting HIV status. RNNs recorded a high prediction accuracy of 0.98 as compared to the Gaussian Naïve Bayes classifier (0.84), bagging classifier (0.91), support vector machine (0.91), and gradient boosting classifier (0.91). In addition, RNNs achieved a high precision of 0.98 for predicting both HIV-positive and -negative cases, a recall of 1.00 for HIV-negative cases and 0.94 for HIV-positive cases, and an F1-score of 0.99 for HIV-negative cases and 0.96 for positive cases. HIV status prediction models can significantly improve early HIV screening and assist healthcare professionals in effectively providing healthcare services to the MSM community. The results show that integrating HIV status prediction models into clinical software systems can complement indicator condition-guided HIV testing strategies and identify individuals that may require healthcare services, particularly for hard-to-reach vulnerable populations like MSM. Future studies are necessary to optimize machine learning models further to integrate them into primary care. The significance of this manuscript is that it presents results from a study population where very little information is available in Zimbabwe due to the criminalization of MSM activities in the country. For this reason, MSM tends to be a hidden sector of the population, frequently harassed and arrested. In almost all communities in Zimbabwe, MSM issues have remained taboo, and stigma exists in all sectors of society.
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Robinson, Jean C. "Of Women and Washing Machines: Employment, Housework, and the Reproduction of Motherhood in Socialist China." China Quarterly 101 (March 1985): 32–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000015800.
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Biology is not supposed to be destiny in socialist China. In contrast to class societies where supposedly “men occupy the position of the ruling class… and women become the household slaves of men and the instruments for producing more men,” in China men and women together are said to hold up the sky (biantian). Women are no longer enslaved by reproduction; if they are oppressed, it is merely because remnants of feudal thinking, superstition and backwardness still exist in China. Or so it is argued by representatives of the Chinese leadership. Here I will posit a different view. Rather than blaming feudalism or China's lack of development, I suggest that contemporary political and economic decisions have reinforced sex inequality in China. In this article, I argue that social and economic policies since the Third Plenum of the llth Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party have created conditions which impose on women (and men) sex-differentiated roles in production and reproduction. These new public policies sustain the traditional definition of women as household labourers and reproducers of men.
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Simoni, Valerio. "Breadwinners, sex machines and romantic lovers: entangling masculinities, moralities, and pragmatic concerns in touristic Cuba." Etnografica, no. 19 (2) (June 1, 2015): 389–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etnografica.4039.
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Schmidt, Rebecca, Erica M. Marshall, Jason C. Parks, and Derek J. Kingsley. "Sex Difference On Arterial Stiffness And Measures Of Pulse Wave Reflection Response To Weight Machines." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 52, no. 7S (July 2020): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000675536.21787.84.
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DeGroot, JM, C. Isaacs, W. Pickett, and RJ Brison. "Patterns of fatal machine rollovers in Canadian agriculture." Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 31, no. 3 (June 2011): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.31.3.03.
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Introduction Our objectives were to examine the activities and circumstances associated with agricultural machine-related rollover fatalities. Methods We identified agricultural machine rollover fatalities recorded by the Canadian Agricultural Injury Surveillance Program (CAISP) in 1990–2005. We determined sideways and backwards rollovers by year, age and sex of the victims, agricultural season, machine type, and the activity, circumstances and location of the injury event. Results The annual rate of rollover fatalities in Canada was 9.1 per 100 000 farm operations. Rollover fatalities decreased to 30% of baseline over the 16-year study period (p = .004). Fatal rollovers most often occurred among men aged 50–69 years and 60–79 years for sideways and backwards rollovers, respectively. Discussion Sideways rollovers occur when driving across an incline or at the edge of a ditch bordering a roadway or field. Backwards rollovers occur when driving up an incline, towing or extracting stuck machines, pulling stumps or trees, and towing implements or logs. Primary prevention programs for rollover injuries should target these identified patterns of injury.
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Raissa, Amanda, Kristoforus Laga Kleden, and Tomy Michael. "PEMBUATAN MESIN KONDOM OTOMATIS: KAJIAN REFLEKTIF ILMU HUKUM TERHADAP ASPEK SEKSUALITAS MASYARAKAT." VYAVAHARA DUTA 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/vd.v15i1.1439.
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<p>In Indonesia discussing sex is a taboo subject to talk about. Many families, educational institutions, even the government is very minimal or even does not<br />provide education about sex in early age to childrens and adolescents, so it cannot be denied that the lack of sex education causes many cases of women who become pregnant out of wedlock and also more people who contract sexually transmitted diseases.<br />So in this writing the author examines the procurement of condom vending machines in the college environment that not only releases condoms but also some issues articles of various laws and regulations related to the aim of providing education about healthy and safe sex and giving reminders to young people about the consequences that will be faced if someone has sex outside of marriage. The method used in this writing is empirical juridical where the writer sees the reality and the facts that exist and integrates with the applicable legal norms. The results of this study that there are still many young people who ignore the importance of using condoms to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and consider sex education as a taboo even in educational institutions</p>
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Kwiatkowska, Małgorzata, Zbigniew Walczak, and Agata Wawrzyniak. "Evaluation of the effect of selected social and demographic criteria on the frequency of the consumption of lunch and products purchased at school by pupils." Journal of Medical Science 86, no. 2 (July 5, 2017): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/jms.2016.152.
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Introduction. The research shows that eating disorders currently occur in 22% of girls and 28% of boys. Such high overweight and obesity rates are often caused by unbalanced diet, low nutritional awareness of students and parents and, in consequence, bad nutritional habits developed at home. Nutritional awareness of mothers can affect the dietary behaviour and choices of children and, in consequence, their proper nutritional status. Aim. The aim of the research was to evaluate the frequency of the consumption of breakfast and lunch prepared at home and the frequency of purchases in school shops and vending machines in relation to the child’s sex and the mother’s educational level.Material and Methods. The research material consisted of a survey questionnaire from 76 children aged 9 years, containing questions related to the frequency of consuming breakfast and lunch prepared at home, the frequency of purchasing food products in school shops/vending machines in the past three months and the types of those products.Results. On the basis of conducted research, it was found that the sex of a child did not have any effect on the number of meals consumed (p = 0.14), the frequency of consuming breakfast at home (p = 0.44), the frequency of consuming lunch (brought from home) at school (p = 0.46), or the frequency of purchasing products in school shops/vending machines (p = 0.50). It was found that mothers’ educational level had an effect on dietary habits of children (p < 0.001). Children of mothers with vocational education significantly more often did not consume breakfast at home. Mother’s education also showed a statistically significant effect on the frequency of consuming lunch at school (p = 0.02) and the frequency of purchasing food products in school shops (p < 0.001).Conclusions. The frequency of consuming breakfast and lunch and the frequency of buying food products in school shops/vending machines was significantly statistically dependent on the mother’s level of education.
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Silverstein, Stephen. "Deleuzo-Guattarian Becoming in Cristina Rivera Garza’s La cresta de Ilión." Letras Femeninas 41, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44735034.
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Abstract In her enigmatic novel La cresta de Ilión (2002), Cristina Rivera Garza deploys a conceptual persona with which she questions traditional models of subjectivity and explores new ones. Whereas critical approaches to the novel have considered its protagonist’s identitarian trespassing in terms of gender, I follow Elizabeth Gross in suggesting that this type of inquiry leaves the category of sex unquestioned and in so doing runs the risk of reifying the very binary oppositions that it seeks to challenge. Approaching both gender and sex as discursive fields, this study reads La cresta de Ilión through the critical lens developed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. An oneiric search for a lost manuscript sends Rivera Garza’s narrator on a line of flight—in Deleuzo-Guattarese terms—away from being, not on a journey to find out who one is but on a schizophrenic voyage of becoming. Along the way, the protagonist learns to reanimate the desires that have been calcified by society’s despotic machines. Faced with a series of paradoxes that short-circuit the machines that code and overcode polymorphous desires into normative patterns of behavior, the reader too is forced to rethink some of our most basic and constraining assumptions.
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López-Rodríguez, Irene. "Women’s Sexuality and Reproductive Rights through Animalistic and Mechanistic Images in Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing (1972)." Babel – AFIAL : Aspectos de Filoloxía Inglesa e Alemá, no. 32 (November 24, 2023): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35869/afial.v0i32.4516.
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The discussion of women’s sexuality and reproductive rights is at the core of Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing (1972). The Canadian writer explores sex, contraception, pregnancy, giving birth and abortion through the female characters of Anna and the unnamed narrator. In dealing with these issues, Atwood employs images of machines and animals that are deeply rooted in Western culture’s understanding of the female body to criticize and expose the exploitation and control of women in patriarchal societies.
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Mota, Matheus Jhonnata Santos, Alberto Calson Alves Vieira, Lucas Silva Lima, João Victor Melquiades Sátiro, Carlos Mathias de Menezes Neto, Patrízia Lisieux Prado Paixão, Gabriel Pedro Gonçalves Lopes, Lauro Roberto de Azevedo Setton, Carlos Eduardo de Andrade, and Richard Halti Cabral. "Sex determination based on craniometric parameters: a comparative approach between linear and non-linear machine learning algorithms." Journal Archives of Health 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2024): 634–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46919/archv5n1-042.
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Introduction: Determining sex based on cranial characteristics is of great relevance in forensic anthropology. Most studies have employed linear methods (such as logistic regression) for this estimation with accuracies around 70%, rarely exceeding 90% accuracy. Several authors have tested non-linear models such as neural networks, support vector machines, and decision trees with good results, surpassing linear models. Objective: To compare linear models (logistic regression, linear regression, and linear discriminant analysis) with non-linear models (neural networks, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine, naive Bayes, random forest, decision tree, k-nearest neighbors, and adaptive multivariate spline regression). Materials and Methods: 241 skulls used in this study were obtained from the collection of Center for Study and Research in Anatomy and Forensic Anthropology at Tiradentes University, Farolândia campus in Aracaju, Sergipe. Each skull in the collection has secure detailed records. Eighty-nine skulls with signs of craniotomy (n=58) or damage (n=30) and one unidentified were excluded. The 152 eligible skulls underwent cranial measurements. Using the Anaconda platform and Jupyter editor, the data were divided into a training group (80% of the sample) and then were tested (20% of the sample). Eleven machine learning algorithms, including both linear and non-linear models, were applied. Results: The best machine learning algorithm was a neural network with average accuracy of 93%, after 50 runs. The difference to logistic regression, which had an accuracy of 68%, was significantly (p-value of 0.01016). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the potential of the neural network for solving the sex classification problem. The study has a limitation in that neural networks perform better with a large volume of data, and this study used data from a single center. Nevertheless, in the future, more studies should be conducted testing neural networks with larger samples and skulls from other continents.
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Santos, Frédéric, Pierre Guyomarc’h, and Jaroslav Bruzek. "Statistical sex determination from craniometrics: Comparison of linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and support vector machines." Forensic Science International 245 (December 2014): 204.e1–204.e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.010.
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Li, Muzi. "Prediction of the age of abalones based on machine learning algorithms." Applied and Computational Engineering 20, no. 1 (October 23, 2023): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/20/20231100.
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Abalone is an important seafood, widely used in food, medicine, and other fields. The age of abalone is one of the important factors that determine its quality and market value. However, the traditional age determination method requires the dissection of abalone, which is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, it is important to find a fast and work out age prediction method. This article uses a machine learning algorithm to predict the age of abalone. The authors collected data on characteristics such as sex, length, diameter, height, and weight for 4177 abalone observations. This data set is admirably large. In the following study, the authors compare the effects of prediction using different machine learning algorithms, including linear regression, decision trees, random forests, and support vector machines. It is worth mentioning that the authors have done sufficient research and evaluation of these algorithms to find out the best prediction scheme. The results show that the random forest algorithm is the best, and its average absolute error is only 1.44 years. The performance of random forest algorithm is the best.
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Momcilovic, Dragan, Bela Prokes, and Zlata Janjic. "Mechanical cornpicker hand injuries." Medical review 58, no. 9-10 (2005): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0510479m.
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Mechanical cornpicker hand injuries are not frequent in comparison to general hand trauma, but they have a specific mechanism of occurrence and are very severe. This investigation included 221 hand injuries. The sex distribution shows a general male dominance (85.25%) in their active age (84.44%). These are, seasonal injuries mostly occurring in October (75.11%). By type of injuries, mutilating crush injuries are most frequent (64.25%). After completing the treatment, in most cases the functional result were estimated as bad (50.68%). Data concerning education and training for operating agricultural machines (96.38% - patients without training) and carrying out safety measures (63.35% of injured patients did not apply any protection measures) are devastating. The number of these injuries, as well as consequent permanent disabilities, may be considerably reduced by preventive measures, including public health services and media. Use of contemporary agricultural machinery, as well as obligatory training for operating these machines and application of protective measures, may also reduce the incidence of hand injuries during corn picking.
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Sahu, Prateek K., Kimberley A. Campbell, Alexandra Oprea, Leslie S. Phillmore, and Christopher B. Sturdy. "Comparing methodologies for classification of zebra finch distance calls." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 5 (May 2022): 3305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011401.
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Bioacoustic analysis has been used for a variety of purposes including classifying vocalizations for biodiversity monitoring and understanding mechanisms of cognitive processes. A wide range of statistical methods, including various automated methods, have been used to successfully classify vocalizations based on species, sex, geography, and individual. A comprehensive approach focusing on identifying acoustic features putatively involved in classification is required for the prediction of features necessary for discrimination in the real world. Here, we used several classification techniques, namely discriminant function analyses (DFAs), support vector machines (SVMs), and artificial neural networks (ANNs), for sex-based classification of zebra finch ( Taeniopygia guttata) distance calls using acoustic features measured from spectrograms. We found that all three methods (DFAs, SVMs, and ANNs) correctly classified the calls to respective sex-based categories with high accuracy between 92 and 96%. Frequency modulation of ascending frequency, total duration, and end frequency of the distance call were the most predictive features underlying this classification in all of our models. Our results corroborate evidence of the importance of total call duration and frequency modulation in the classification of male and female distance calls. Moreover, we provide a methodological approach for bioacoustic classification problems using multiple statistical analyses.
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Straw, Isabel, and Honghan Wu. "Investigating for bias in healthcare algorithms: a sex-stratified analysis of supervised machine learning models in liver disease prediction." BMJ Health Care Inform 29, no. 1 (April 2022): e100457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2021-100457.
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ObjectivesThe Indian Liver Patient Dataset (ILPD) is used extensively to create algorithms that predict liver disease. Given the existing research describing demographic inequities in liver disease diagnosis and management, these algorithms require scrutiny for potential biases. We address this overlooked issue by investigating ILPD models for sex bias.MethodsFollowing our literature review of ILPD papers, the models reported in existing studies are recreated and then interrogated for bias. We define four experiments, training on sex-unbalanced/balanced data, with and without feature selection. We build random forests (RFs), support vector machines (SVMs), Gaussian Naïve Bayes and logistic regression (LR) classifiers, running experiments 100 times, reporting average results with SD.ResultsWe reproduce published models achieving accuracies of >70% (LR 71.31% (2.37 SD) – SVM 79.40% (2.50 SD)) and demonstrate a previously unobserved performance disparity. Across all classifiers females suffer from a higher false negative rate (FNR). Presently, RF and LR classifiers are reported as the most effective models, yet in our experiments they demonstrate the greatest FNR disparity (RF; −21.02%; LR; −24.07%).DiscussionWe demonstrate a sex disparity that exists in published ILPD classifiers. In practice, the higher FNR for females would manifest as increased rates of missed diagnosis for female patients and a consequent lack of appropriate care. Our study demonstrates that evaluating biases in the initial stages of machine learning can provide insights into inequalities in current clinical practice, reveal pathophysiological differences between the male and females, and can mitigate the digitisation of inequalities into algorithmic systems.ConclusionOur findings are important to medical data scientists, clinicians and policy-makers involved in the implementation medical artificial intelligence systems. An awareness of the potential biases of these systems is essential in preventing the digital exacerbation of healthcare inequalities.
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Van der Watt, Marcel. "Discouraging the Demand That Fosters Sex Trafficking: Collaboration through Augmented Intelligence." Societies 13, no. 4 (April 4, 2023): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc13040094.
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Augmented intelligence—as the fusion of human and artificial intelligence—is effectively being employed in response to a spectrum of risks and crimes that stem from the online sexual exploitation marketplace. As part of a study that was sponsored by the National Institute of Justice, the National Center on Sexual Exploitation has documented 15 tactics that have been used in more than 2650 US cities and counties to deter sex buyers from engaging with prostitution and sex trafficking systems. One of these tactics, technology-based enforcement and deterrence methods, has been used in more than 78 locations in the United States. This paper explores the issue of technology-facilitated trafficking in the online sexual exploitation marketplace and juxtaposes this with the use of augmented intelligence in collaborative responses to these crimes. Illustrative case studies are presented that describe how two organizations employ technology that utilizes the complementary strengths of humans and machines to deter sex buyers at the point of purchase. The human(e) touch of these organizations, combined with artificial intelligence, natural language processing, constructed websites, photos, and mobile technology, show significant potential for operational scaling, and provide a template for consideration by law enforcement agencies, criminal justice systems, and the larger multidisciplinary counter-trafficking community for collaborative replication in other settings.
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Shrestha, Kishor Man, Bipan Shrestha, Prakriti Raj Kandel, Rajiv Baral, Alok Pandey, and Gyaneshwar Prasad Singh. "FODDER CUTTER MACHINE INJURIES OF HAND." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (November 20, 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v6i1.21693.
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Introduction: Fodder cutter machine injuries of the hand are common accidents faced in agriculture sectors requiring a specialist and contributing to severe disability and morbidity which directly affect the functional capability of an individual. However studies on these injuries have not been conducted in this country (Nepal) so we conducted this study to identify epidemiological risk factors (age, sex, site of injury, day of injury and the severity of the injury) attending Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS-TH), Bhairahawa. Material and Methods: This is hospital based observational study conducted at UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa among the patients attending with hand injury caused by fodder cutting machine. The study period was from August 2011 to August 2013.Results: Fifty five patients (31.7%), out of 175 patients with hand injury attending the casualty department of the hospital were caused by fodder cutter machines. The injury was more common in children below 15 yrs with the mean age of 15.755 yrs (2-57 yrs) while playing in the field (72.7%). Out of that in 25.5% of cases the injury had occurred on Saturday being a weekly holiday in Nepal. In the present study, 60% of cases were males and 49.1 % of cases had fracture of bones with high incidence of injury of the right hand which was 52.7%. Most of the cases having fractures were of Gustilo II variety (51.8%) and 90% of cases were of minor to moderate grades of severity of hand injury on grading by HISS grading.Conclusion: In the present study, most of the injuries of hand were caused by fodder cutter machine that leads to the potential for serious handicap more commonly in the children below 15yrs. So, the efforts should be made by concern authorities for improving the knowledge for safe handling and production of safer agricultural machines to reduce the accidents as well as provision of standard but affordable healthcare for victims of the accidents to reduce the accidental disability.Journal of Universal College of Medical SciencesVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 14-18
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Vera, Jaime H., Suneeta Soni, Alex Pollard, Carrie Llewellyn, Carlos Peralta, Liliana Rodriguez, and Gillian Dean. "Acceptability and feasibility of using digital vending machines to deliver HIV self-tests to men who have sex with men." Sexually Transmitted Infections 95, no. 8 (May 17, 2019): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053857.
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ObjectiveTechnology-based approaches to distribute HIV self-tests (HIVST) have the potential to increase access to HIV testing in key populations. We evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of using vending machines (VMs) in a community setting to distribute HIVST to men who have sex with men at high-risk of HIV.MethodsFirst, a predevelopment survey of targeted potential users explored attitudes towards HIVST and the use of a VM to deliver HIVST. Second, participatory design workshops between designers and community volunteers informed the production of a bespoke VMs dispensing free BioSureHIVST. Uptake of HIVST and user experiences were evaluated using information supplied directly from the machines interface (number of tests dispensed, user demographics), an online questionnaire and semistructured interviews.ResultsThe predevelopment survey found that 32% of 232 sauna users had never tested for HIV, despite high-risk behaviours. A total of 265 testing kits were dispensed: mean age 31 range (18–70); 4%(n = 7) had never tested for HIV before and 11% (n = 22) had tested within the last 1–5 years. Uptake of tests was significantly higher via the VMs compared with outreach testing by community workers in the same venue during a comparable period (34 vs 6 tests per month). Qualitative interviews and online questionnaires demonstrated high acceptability for this intervention, which was considered accessible and appropriately targeted.ConclusionsVMs to distribute HIVST was feasible and acceptable. This intervention could be used in different settings to improve access to HIV testing for key populations
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Bernstein, Sarah. "Free Market of Desire: Libidinal Economy and the Rationalization of Sex inThe Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman." Contemporary Women's Writing 9, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 348–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cww/vpv010.
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Chabaud-Rychter, Danielle. "L'industriel et le domestique dans la conception d'appareils électroménagers." Cahiers du Genre 20, no. 1 (1997): 63–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/genre.1997.1033.
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Danielle Chabaud-Rychter ; Industrial and domestic aspects in the conception of domestic appliances. In the conception of technical objects for domestic use there exists a dichotomy between the “surface” - including the control panels, the accessories, the instructions - which is for the use of the consumer - and the “interior” where everything which enables the machine to function -motorisation, mechanism, electronic controls - is closed to their access. This type of conception can be considered as a “detechnicalisation” of machines destined for domestic use and we can wonder, as do the feminists working on the question of the social construction of techniques, if this is in fact a gendering of technical objects intended for use by women. Through daily observation of a research and development team for small domestic appliances, I have tried to understand exactly what they do when they introduce this dichotomy into technical objects : how do they establish the boundary between the interior and the exterior, decide what should be hidden from the consumer, to what she should have access, and how and at what point they consider the sex of the consumer.
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Ameri, Ahmad, Mehdi Sobhani, Asadollah Alidoosti, Ali Akbar Sharafi, Azim Arbabi, Farnaz Taslimi, and Human Fazlalizadeh. "Different irradiation machines and their effects on testes’ exposure levels and sex hormones profile in patients with rectal cancer." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 9, no. 2 (June 2010): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396909990331.
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AbstractObjective: Complications of pelvic irradiation for rectal cancer have gained more attention because of increased survival of patients. The aim of this study was to compare testes doses when pelvis is irradiated using Cobalt 60 (Co60) for rectal cancer in comparison with linear accelerator (LINAC) and its effect on sex hormones levels.Materials and Methods: In a cohort study, 28 rectal cancer patients that were candidate to receive pelvic radiotherapy were recruited in the study consecutively. They were sequentially assigned to receive radiotherapy using Co60 teletherapy or LINAC. Serum sex hormones levels were measured before and 3–6 weeks after irradiation. Testes absorption doses were measured three times during whole course of irradiation in nine patients.Results: Testes doses in LINAC group were significantly lower than Co60 group (p < 0.001). Serum follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH ) levels increased after irradiation in both groups and there was not a significant relation between FSH and LH levels with treatment machine (p < 0.2 and p < 0.6, respectively). Serum testosterone level decreased significantly in Co60 group (p < 0.05) but not in LINAC group (p < 0.3).Discussion: It seems using LINAC for pelvic irradiation in patient with rectal cancer cannot prevent hormonal changes and we suggest using extra shield to decrease testes doses below the toxic levels.
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Manoj Kumar Tiwari, Et al. "Mathematical Modeling and Statistical Analysis of Elederly Fall Detection System Using Improved Support Vector Machine." Advances in Nonlinear Variational Inequalities 27, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/anvi.v27.323.
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This research focuses on enhancing the safety of elderly individuals through early fall detection using mathematical modelling and statistical analysis of machine learning techniques for the application and effectiveness of elderly fall detection. Falls among the elderly can lead to severe consequences, necessitating timely intervention. Leveraging machine learning algorithms, this innovative open-source project analyses sensor data from wearable sensors like accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, along with environmental data such as temperature and humidity, to promptly identify fall patterns. The project uses a dataset containing 14 variables, including age, sex, medical indicators, and more, collected from diverse subjects and activities. The results obtained during the testing phase underscore the importance of refining the model through dataset adjustments. As the physical, cognitive, and sensory functions decline with age, the risk of falls increases, highlighting the need for fall detection and prevention systems. This research reviews the latest machine learning-based systems for fall detection and prevention, analyzing them based on various parameters. It identifies support vector machines and wearable devices as common tools, but emphasizes the need for broader studies in different contexts. The paper also visualizes the performance metrics of ML algorithms in conjunction with various wearables and outlines future research directions, including energy efficiency, sensor fusion, context awareness, and wearable design, to advance fall detection and prevention for the elderly.
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Rao, Bollu Manikyala, and Mohammed Ali Hussain. "Feature Importance Analysis for Glucose Level Detection in Type 2 Diabetes using Machine Learning." Ingénierie des systèmes d information 28, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/isi.280407.
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In this paper, we present a machine learning-based approach for the detection of glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Our approach utilizes physiological parameters such as Body Mass Index (BMI), age, sex, and blood pressure, along with glucose levels, to train a predictive model. A dataset comprising demographic information, clinical history, and laboratory test results of 500 type 2 diabetes patients was collected for training and validation. Logistic regression, support vector machines, and random forest classifiers were trained and evaluated using various performance metrics, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results showed that the random forest classifier outperformed the other models, achieving an accuracy of 85% and an AUC-ROC score of 0.90. Feature importance analysis identified age, BMI, and blood pressure as the most critical predictors for glucose level detection in type 2 diabetes patients. Our proposed machine learning-based approach demonstrates promising results for the accurate detection of glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. It has the potential to assist healthcare professionals in making timely and accurate decisions regarding diabetes management. Furthermore, our findings provide valuable insights into the essential predictors for glucose level detection, which can guide future research in this area.
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Fry, Andrew C., Carol C. Irwin, Justin X. Nicoll, and David E. Ferebee. "Muscular Strength and Power in 3- to 7-Year-Old Children." Pediatric Exercise Science 27, no. 3 (August 2015): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2014-0152.
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To determine absolute and relative (adjusted for body mass) strength, mean power, and mean velocity for upper and lower body resistance exercises, forty-seven young boys and girls participated in maximal strength testing. Healthy young boys and girls, ages 3- to 7-years old, were tested for one-repetition maximum (1-RM) strength, and 70% of 1-RM to determine mean power and mean velocity on the chest press and leg press exercises. Adult weight machines were modified to accommodate the smaller size and lower strength levels of the children. A 2 × 4 (sex × age) ANOVA was used to determine age and sex differences in performance. No interaction or sex differences were observed for any variable at any age. 1-RM strength, mean power, and mean velocity significantly increased across ages (p ≤ .05). When adjusted for body mass, the changes were insignificant, with one exception. Relative mean power for the bench press increased with age. Data indicated children from 3-7 years of age are capable of performing strength and power tests, but may require more attempts at maximal loads compared with adults. It appears that muscular strength and velocity during this stage of development are primarily dependent on increasing body mass, whereas power is influenced by additional variable(s).
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Mashalkar, Narendra S., and Naren Shetty. "Occupational injuries and hand - An experience of 182 cases." IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences 4, no. 3 (October 15, 2022): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jsas.2022.018.
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To observe the demography of hand bone fractures and the surgical procedure outcome and to observe the anatomical site of individual metacarpal and phalangeal fractures with machine related injuries.: This is a retrospective record analysis of 182 cases of hand bone fractures associated with occupational related injuries.: Records of traumatic hand bone fractures irrespective of age and sex referred from the emergency dept were reviewed .The records of pure soft tissue injuries of hand and burns were excluded. Data were analyzed and projected in the form of tables and figures. : Cross tabulation for the entire pattern was done, due to many variables statistical significant analysis could not be derived.: There were total 182 cases of which (90%) males, (9%) females and 2 cases where gender was not mentioned. Most of the age group were young adults (15 to 25yrs) with machine contact related injuries. Of machine related injuries, 29% had cutting machine injuries followed by press punching machine (27%). The most common phalanx involved in all categories of occupational injuries was distal phalanx.: Most of the hand bone fractures were noted in the right hand of young males with compound fracture of distal phalanx being more commonly involved; most of them had multiple finger involvement.Cutting and press punching machines caused severe crush injuries, ending up in high number of revision amputation than concrete mixer and heavy objects fall on hand. Hence extra care and safety features with supervision by experts are required while operating these types of machines.Shaft of metacarpal and proximal phalangeal fracture were more commonly involved as per individual site analysis.
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Ikeda, Kazuhiko, Hitoshi Ohto, Kazuo Muroi, Shin-ichiro Fujiwara, Keiji Minagawa, Minami Yamada-Fujiwara, Yoshihiro Fujimori, and Ryuji Tanosaki. "Prospective Randomized and Crossover Comparison of Two Apheresis Machines for Peripheral Blood Stem and Progenitor Cell Collection: A Multicenter Study." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2347.2347.
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Abstract Peripheral blood stem and progenitor cell (PBSPC) collection imposes apheresis-related risks including thrombocytopenia, hypocalcemia and thromboembolism in donors for PBSPC transplantation. Efficient PBSC collection with fewer apheresis risks and less contamination in the collected products is crucial and we have shown some distinct characteristics among apheresis devices (Transfusion, 2003, 2007 and 2014). A recently introduced apheresis device for PBSPC collections, Spectra-Optia, has not yet established supremacy in safety and efficiency over other established previous apparatuses/programs. To compare the Optia with the widely used automated program for a former apheresis machine, Spectra-Auto (Software version 6.1), we for the first time carried out a prospective randomized multicenter and crossover study for a total of 233 apheresis done from November 2013 to May 2015 in adult (≥18 years) and G-CSF-given patients/donors. The device for the first-day apheresis was randomly assigned, and a total of 152, consisting of 47 for autologous (auto-) patients and 105 for allogeneic (allo-) donors, were studied (1st-day analysis). Among them, the 81 subjects who required the second-day apheresis to collect more cells, the second-day apheresis was performed with the other machine than the one used in the first day, and apheresis collections for 2 consecutive days using both machines were compared by a paired-t test (crossover analysis). In the both devices, apheresis was performed based on the manufacturer's protocols, with 12:1 to 15:1 ratios of whole blood to acid citrate dextrose without heparin. There was no difference between the Optia (n = 74) and the Spectra-Auto (n = 78) in the pre-apheresis parameters including age, sex, circulating blood volume (CBV), and peripheral complete blood counts (CBCs). In the crossover comparison, age, sex and CBV were technically same and CBCs were similar between the two machines (n = 81 in each). The Spectra-Auto processed larger volumes compared with the Optia [P = .02 (1st-day analysis) and .08 (crossover analysis)], although run time was similar with the two devices [P = .57 (1st-day) and .52 (crossover)]. Mild apheresis-related reactions occurred in both machines with similar frequencies of reactions, and volumes of ACD used were not different between them. Volumes of harvested products were greater in the Optia compared with the Spectra-Auto [158 vs. 95 mL, P < .01 (1st-day) and 137 vs. 86 mL, P < .01 (crossover)]. Yields of mononuclear cells [P = .27 (1st-day) and .22 (crossover)] and CD34+ cells [P = .10 (1st-day) and .19 (crossover)] were not different between them. However, regardless of program, pre-apheresis peripheral CD34+ cell counts strongly correlated with the number of CD34+ cells collected, and collection efficiencies of CD34+ cells were significantly higher in the Optia compared with the Spectra-Auto [82.2% vs. 66.3%, P < .01 (1st-day) and 80.5% vs. 63.1%, P < .01 (crossover)]. The products collected using the Optia contained more contaminating red blood cells [64 vs. 36 x 106 cells, P < .01 (1st-day) and 56 vs. 33 x 106 cells, P < .01 (crossover)], compared with the Spectra-Auto, without corresponding anemia. Only in crossover analysis, there was a trend that contaminated platelets were higher with the Optia compared with the Spectra-Auto (154 vs. 127 x 109 cells, P = .06). In conclusion, the Optia is tolerable, and has no significant inferiority in the yield or adverse events in apheresis collection of PBSPCs compared with Spectra-Auto. This trial was registered at http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm as #UMIN000012095. Disclosures Ohto: Terumo BCT: Research Funding.
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Kumar, Prof K. Senthil. "HEART DISEASE PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (December 1, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27570.
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Heart disease is a major cause of death worldwide, making early diagnosis and prevention essential. Predictive models have gained significant attention in recent years, with several algorithms being employed to develop these models. However, there are challenges in implementing heart disease prediction models, including data quality, model accuracy, ethical concerns, and limited data. Therefore, this project aims to develop a heart disease prediction model and analyse different algorithms used in disease prediction. In order to increase the predictive accuracy of machine learning algorithms, this study compares six algorithms, including KNN (K-Nearest Neighbour), Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, and Neural Network. 13 attributes, including age, sex, and cholesterol, are used, and ensemble methods like boosting and bagging are used. The accuracy, recall, f1 score, and precision of each algorithm are calculated to determine the most accurate model. Additionally, this study identifies the limitations of heart disease prediction models and their implications for patient diagnosis and treatment, by developing and analysing heart disease prediction models. In conclusion, while heart disease prediction models have the potential to be financially feasible and be useful in the future, their current limitations and challenges mean that they cannot be relied upon as the sole means of diagnosis or treatment decisions Key Words: Heart Diseases, Machine Learning Algorithms, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree.
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Hartanto, Amri, Oka Bagus Subekti, and Endang Rini Sukamti. "Free weight vs gym machine: which is better for muscle endurance athletes of archery?" Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 27, no. 3 (June 29, 2023): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0301.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Study Aim. Archery athletes need excellent physical fitness. One indication that significantly influences archery achievement is arm muscle endurance. The study aimed to determine: the effect of free weight training on increasing arm muscle endurance of archery athletes; the effect of gym machine weight training on increasing arm muscle endurance of archery athletes; which is better free weight training or a gym machine, to increase arm muscle endurance of archery athletes. Material and Methods. This type of research is an experiment with a "Two Groups Pretest-Posttest Design" design. The population is archery athletes, totaling 20 males sex with ages 12-15 years. The exercise was carried out for six weeks. The instrument uses the Holding Bow Digitec Test. The data analysis technique was a t-test. Results. The results showed: 1) there was a significant effect of free weight training on increasing arm muscle endurance of archery athletes with p-value 0.000 < 0.05; 2) there is a significant effect of gym machine weight training on increasing arm muscle endurance of archery athletes, with p-value 0.002 < 0.05; 3) there is a significant difference between free weight training and gym machine on the arm muscle endurance of archery athletes, with p-value 0.019 < 0.05. Conclusions. Free weight training and gym machines for 18 meetings can increase the endurance of archery athletes' arm muscles. Free weight training is better than gym machine weight training on the arm muscle endurance of archery athletes. A gym machine is suitable for a school environment with minimal supervision because it does not require another person as a stabilizer.