Academic literature on the topic 'Sex role – Nigeria'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Sex role – Nigeria.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
Uko, Esther. "The Ambiguity Surrounding Parents’ Role on Sex Education Of Their Children: Nigeria Experience." IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science 18, no. 5 (2013): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-1855257.
Full text
2
Musa, A. "SEX EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: ATTITUDE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS AND THE ROLE OF PARENTS AND STAKEHOLDERS." Open Journal of Educational Development (ISSN: 2734-2050) 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojed.v1i1.60.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the level of awareness of sex education among secondary school adolescents in Niger state, to assess the level of the already initiated comprehensive sex education program by the federal ministry of health. The study utilizes an empirical survey design. In order to obtain data for the research, stratified random and judgmental sampling technique were adopted. The instrument used to elicit information from the respondents was a well-structured questionnaire. Result from the study shows that it is important to impact knowledge about sex and sexuality to adolescents. As, many of the respondents show positive attitude towards sex education (65%), they knew its effectiveness (54%) and consequence of risk behaviors (86%) but lacked appropriate knowledge (42%). Based on these findings, it is therefore imperative that adolescents need more sex education at all levels with full parental participation.
Musa, A. | Department of Clinical Nursing. Sir Muhammad Sanusi Specialist Hospital (SMSSH), Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
3
Onosakponome, E. O., and M. N. Wogu. "The Role of Sex in Malaria-COVID19 Coinfection and Some Associated Factors in Rivers State, Nigeria." Journal of Parasitology Research 2020 (December 2, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8829848.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. Data on the coinfection of malaria and COVID-19 is highly limited especially in Africa due to the novel nature of the pandemic COVID-19. Malaria and COVID-19 share striking similarities in their symptoms. A cross-sectional randomized study was conducted to investigate the role of sex in the coinfection of malaria and COVID-19 as well as some associated factors in Rivers State, Nigeria. Methods. Ethical approval was obtained from the Rivers State Health and Ethics Committee before the commencement of this study, and the study was conducted at the COVID-19 Treatment Center Medical Laboratory, Rivers State, Nigeria. Intravenous blood samples from three hundred randomly selected consenting study participants were examined for Plasmodium species using Giemsa microscopy, while pretested questionnaires were used to obtain data on sex, risk factors, and symptoms. All data generated were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test with a P < 0.05 value considered significant. Results. All study participants had Plasmodium species (100% prevalence) with varying parasite loads, and P. falciparum was the only species observed. Study participants (irrespective of sex) with low and high parasitaemia had the highest and least prevalence, respectively ( P > 0.05 ). Male study participants experienced more symptoms than females ( P > 0.05 ) except for sore throat which had an equal value among males and females. Travel history was the only risk factor that showed significant association with sex, and males had a higher value than females ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Malaria and COVID-19 are major public health issues in Nigeria; more researches on these diseases especially in epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine production are vital.
4
Giwa, Sulaimon Abiodun Olawale, Carmen H. Logie, Karun K. Karki, Olumide F. Makanjuola, and Chinonye Edmund Obiagwu. "Police violence targeting LGBTIQ+ people in Nigeria: Advancing solutions for a 21st century challenge." Greenwich Social Work Review 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21100/gswr.v1i1.1108.
Full textAbstract:
The Government of Nigeria passed the Same-Sex Marriage Prohibition Act (SSMPA) in 2014, emboldening the human rights violations of LGBT Nigerians by state and nonstate actors. Nigerian police enforce morality laws that criminalize same-sex relations, but their role as perpetrators of violence has not been well studied. Using six-year (2014 to 2019) administrative data, this article investigates the severity, prevalence, and typology of police violence and abuse of LGBT Nigerians. Since SSMPA, violence against LGBT Nigerians has risen by 214 percent. Survivors frequently report arbitrary arrest and unlawful detention, invasion of privacy, physical assault and battery, and blackmail/extortion. This study is the first to present serial, cross-sectional findings of LGBT Nigerians’ experience with the police. Available administrative reports and data were synthesized to produce a general picture of the situation on the ground. Findings point to actionable social and policy recommendations that can be taken to promote police accountability and improve police-LGBT community relations.
5
Ekore, John Oselenbalu, and Thomas Attah. "Influence of Sex-Role Expectations on Perceived Work Performance Among Employees in Multinational Corporations in Nigeria." Journal of Social Sciences 14, no. 2 (March 2007): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2007.11978367.
Full text
6
Nworgu, K. O. "Mass media and the premarital sexual behaviour of the adolescents in Imo State, Nigeria." Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade 7, no. 17 (2020): 1257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21438/rbgas(2020)071716.
Full textAbstract:
The authors set to investigate the influence of the Mass Media on adolescents' knowledge of and behavior towards sex and sexuality, especially, regarding early sex, the use of contraceptives and condoms. The participants were drawn from five secondary schools in Owerri Municipality, the Capital of Imo State, Nigeria. The simple size included 100 respondents made up of males and females between the ages of 10 and 19 years drawn from simple random sampling. Questionnaire containing semi-structured (close-ended) questions. Interview sessions involving media workers form select radio, television and newspaper houses in Owerri were conducted. Three research questions and one hypothesis were used to straighten the study. Results showed the respondents mean age for first sex is 17.8 years. The findings show that the media did not have very significant influence at 0.05 on adolescents' sexual behavior, especially, as regards, having first sex experience. This result is explained by the fact that most the respondents lived in boarding hostels and may not have access to media, while in school. It was recommended the influence of family members, including parents and peer groups should be given priority attention when adolescent sexual behavior is discussed, especially, in Nigeria where extended family members play a vital role in the socialization of the adolescents.
7
Oshi, Daniel C., and Sarah Nakalema. "The role of teachers in sex education and the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria." Sex Education 5, no. 1 (February 2005): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1468181042000301911.
Full text
8
Okafor, Uchenna O., Rik Crutzen, Egbe A. Awo, and Bart Van Den Borne. "Perspectives of Brothel Leaders and HIV Prevention Experts on the Role of Gatekeepers on Improving Condom Use by Female Sex Workers in Abuja, Nigeria." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 10 (September 17, 2017): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n10p183.
Full textAbstract:
A qualitative study using in-depth interviews explored the perceptions and views of brothel leaders and HIV program experts on the acceptability and adoptability of using gatekeepers in interventions aimed at improving Female Sex Workers’ (FSWs) condom use in Nigeria. Brothel leaders are an influential group within the FSWs’ social and physical environment and their attitudes, beliefs and actions can influence the immediate brothel environment and the adoption of interventions within the brothel. HIV prevention experts make key decisions on the content and strategies adopted for HIV prevention efforts and also influence the design and implementation of HIV prevention strategies within programs. Four themes illustrating the benefits and barriers of the inclusion of gatekeepers within the immediate environment of the FSW were identified. Results show that brothel leadership inclusion in HIV prevention efforts could exert potential positive influence on the immediate brothel environment. Brothel leaders can support the institution of establishment policies supporting consistent condom use by the FSWs, promotion of HIV awareness, resolution of conflicts and harassments, support to new entrants into sex work and the reinforcement of protective behaviors among the FSWs. The decriminalization of sex work and the inclusion of gatekeepers support into country HIV program guidelines may contribute to mitigating prevalent sociocultural factors limiting FSWs’ rights as well as their access to health services. The present study provides insights into the potential positive roles of brothel leaders in improving condom use and other HIV/AIDs related interventions for brothel based FSWs in Abuja, Nigeria from the perspective of brothel leaders and HIV prevention experts.
9
Oladapo, Margaret M., and William R. Brieger. "Reproductive Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviour of Secondary School Students in Akure, Nigeria." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 16, no. 4 (January 1997): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l85j-x8cj-jlw3-cg6u.
Full textAbstract:
Adolescents are subject to many life changes as their secondary sexual characteristics emerge. Contrary to parents' and society's wishes, these young people are more sexually active then previous generations and thus at greater risk of unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, and related problems. Adolescents enrolled in school have the potential opportunity to learn ways to prevent these reproductive and sexual health problems, but there is concern whether schools are living up to this challenge. Therefore, this study was designed to learn whether adolescents in secondary school in the Ondo State capital of Akure have reproductive health education and are practicing healthy sexual behaviors. The study was based on a sample of six of the twenty-eight secondary schools in Akure that fell under the jurisdiction of the Ondo State Post-Primary Schools' Management Board. Focus was placed on pupils in the final years of both Junior Secondary School (JSS 3) and Senior Secondary School (SSS 3). Overall, 30 percent of the young people reported having sexual intercourse: 21 percent of females and 38 percent of males. Also 39 percent in SSS 3 reported having had sex compared to 21 percent in JSS 3. Forty percent of students in coeducational school compared to 19 percent in boy's school and 8 percent in girl's school had sex. Respondents averaged only 11 points on a 33-point scale of reproductive health knowledge. Students in the senior classes and those in single sex schools scored higher. The mass media was stated to be the major source of reproductive health knowledge; only one-third reported that they had actually talked with someone about their reproductive health concerns. Attitudes toward pre-marital sex were more favorable among male students, pupils in mixed sex schools and those whose parents had lower levels of education. These findings suggest not only that the schools must take a more active role in providing reproductive health education, but that this should be done in the junior secondary years before most pupils become sexually active.
10
F. M., Dr (Mrs ). Osalusi,, and Dr Alonge, R. A. "DEVELOPING GOOD MORAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF RELIGION." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 2313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v11i1.5858.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examined the role of religion in the development of good moral sexual behaviours among University Undergraduates. In Nigeria, sex issues are considered as sacred and usually attached with a myth, however, observations have shown in recent times that these good virtues have been eroded among university undergraduates in Southwest, Nigeria. These category of students now exhibit unwholesome sexual behaviours such as lesbianism, homosexuality, adultery, indecent dressing, masturbation among others and this is considered a serious threat to national development. Therefore, to address this issue, a descriptive research of the survey type was adopted for the study while three hypotheses were tested.  The population consisted of all unmarried undergraduates in all the universities in the Southwest geo- political zone of Nigeria. A sample of 1581 respondents which was made up of 750 males and 831 female were selected employing multistage sampling procedure. A simple random sampling technique was used to select three states out of six states in the Southwest, Nigeria. Two universities each were selected through stratified random sampling from Federal, State and Private universities, while 265 students were also selected from each of the universities making a total of 1590. However, 9 students did not filled the questionnaire properly and were therefore rejected remaining 1581 as sample.    A self-designed questionnaire titled: ‘Good Moral Sexual Behaviours’ (GMSB) was used to collect data. The instrument is a 25-items four point- Liker type questionnaire. The findings revealed that religious inclination significantly influenced University undergraduates’ values and moral sexual behaviours. The study recommended among others that religious organisations should be encouraged to intensify their sermons on acceptable values in terms of moral sexual behaviours to members of their society. University authorities were also advised to come up with appropriate policies to curb the acts of indecent and seductive dressing patterns common among university undergraduates.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
Robson, Elsbeth. "Gender, space and empowerment in rural Hausaland, northern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e40bc658-dff2-4876-a845-090a2552457a.
Full textAbstract:
Reducing gender inequalities by enabling women's empowerment is a major focus of the literature and practices of gender and development. The work of this thesis contributes to debates about female empowerment, especially for peasant women in peripheral capitalist economies. The central themes of enquiry are power relations of gender and space in the socio-economic processes in which peasant households and their members are embedded. The focus of investigation is the extent to which commodity exchange outside the household reinforces, or reduces, women's position of power/disempowerment. The central question taken for analysis is whether income earning via trading empowers women, thus reducing their subordination. This hypothesis is widely accepted. Many NGOs (non-governmental organisations) and other development institutions base efforts around the notion that income earning is liberating for women. This hypothesis is investigated for rural Hausa women in Northern Nigeria who are secluded within their homes by the religio-cultural practice of purdah, but who engage in trade, often through the agency of children. The major empirical part of the study develops and applies an original framework for analysis of empowerment that identifies and maps gender divisions of labour and space in the spheres of production, reproduction and circulation in which rural Hausa men and women are embedded. The overall conclusion reached is that gender divisions of work, both inside and outside rural Hausa households, and especially in trade, reflect and sustain the subordination of women and their inferior position relative to men, especially through the control of space. The notion of income earning as universally empowering for women does not hold because rural Hausa women engaged in the market are not significantly empowered by their income earning because of the complex realities of patriarchy whereby women have weak bargaining powers.
2
LO, IACONO EVA. "THE GREY AREAS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN WOMEN: FROM TRAFFICKED WOMEN TO PERPETRATOR OF TRAFFICKING." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2458.
Full textAbstract:
Non esistono dati statistici certi sul numero totale di donne nigeriane trafficate annualmente in Italia ed introdotte nel mercato del sesso. Di fronte a questo ampio numero oscuro, bisogna porsi delle domande: cosa succede alla vittima di tratta quando non trova alcuna forma di aiuto o assistenza sociale? Cosa avviene quando non riesce ad uscire dal mercato del sesso?
Secondo testimoni diretti e fonti ufficiali, tra le attuali madams vi sono anche ex vittime che hanno fatto carriera nella gerarchia della tratta e dentro le organizzazioni criminali. La mobilità femminile verso il lato gestionale di questo crimine rappresenta la caratteristica più rilevante della tratta di matrice nigeriana: vale a dire, le vittime sono condotte nel corso del tempo a svolgere una parte attiva nel complesso progetto criminale.
Questo elemento distintivo al modello nigeriano richiede un’analisi approfondita, tramite nuovi approcci intesi a sottolineare: a) le aree grigie del mercato della tratta; b) i ruoli intermedi che gli individui ricoprono all'interno del modello vittima/reo; c) la mobilità femminile nella gerarchia dei gruppi criminali.
Attraverso metodi di stampo antropologico, questo contributo intende effettuare una analisi più approfondita sui molteplici ruoli delle donne nel mercato della tratta umana.There are not clear figures regarding the group of Nigerian women who are lured annually in the sex market in Italy. Facing such a dark number, several questions on the lives of these unknown women arise: What happens to the trafficking victims who do not find any form of social aid or assistance? What happens when the former trafficked women are not able to exit from the trade industry? According to eyewitness accounts as well as official sources, some current madams were trafficked women in the past. They made a career in the trafficking hierarchy and its organised crime groups. The female mobility towards the organisational side of the trafficking offence represents the most striking characteristic of Nigerian trade industry; that is, the victims are included by their persecutors as active part of a more complex criminal project. Such a distinctive element of Nigerian criminal model needs to be analysed through new approaches aimed at highlighting: a) the grey areas in the trade industry; b) the intermediate roles within the victim/offender model; c) the female vertical mobility in the trafficking hierarchy. Through an ethnographic methodological framework, this study wants to analyse the multiple female roles in the trafficking industry.
3
Anya, Tshidi. "Gender stereotypes in the coach-matching process: a case of male executives in Nigeria." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23077.
Full textAbstract:
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Management in Business and Executive Coaching
February, 2017The expected economic growth in Africa and, in particular within Nigeria, (Ogunlesi, 2014) opens doors to more global business opportunities. This growth within the African continent also contributes towards the growth of organisational developmental practices such as executive coaching. This is because executive coaching is undoubtedly one of the fastest developmental interventions used by organisations worldwide (Bartlett, 2006). For that reason, it is imperative for organisations within the Nigerian business setting, where most executives are males, to understand possible inhibitors that could affect the formation of a coaching relationship between male executives and coaches from a different gender. Previous research on the impact of gender in a coaching relationship has found that gender plays a role when matching executives with coaches (Gray & Goregaokar, 2010). It has also been found that gender similarity of the coach and the executive increases self-awareness of the executives (Bozer, Joo & Santora, 2015). Boyce, Jackson and Neal (2010) advocate that when there is gender commonality between coaches and executives; rapport and trust are established much quicker. Therefore the main purpose of this research is to understand the role that gender and in particular, how gender stereotypes could affect the coach-matching process between female coaches and male executives in a patriarchal society like Nigeria (Nwosu, 2012). A qualitative approach was implored to uncover trends in thoughts and opinions of the participants. The researcher sought in-depth understanding of the participants and their experiences. A total of 17 (seventeen) participants were interviewed and 13 (thirteen) of those were males and to ensure triangulation, 4 (four) females were interviewed. The interviews were semi-structured and the probing questions allowed for a deeper understanding of the phenomena. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the conventional content analysis method where each transcript was read from beginning to end and the data was read word for word to determine the initial codes. The research found that coaching is in its infancy or emerging stages in Nigeria and there are male executives who would be uncomfortable working with female coaches. Both positive and negative gender stereotypes against women surfaced in the research as key contributors to the coach-matching process. The motherly nature of women, their general warmness, their meticulousness when approaching issues, their ability to be friendly and open and the fact that women are seen as having less ego are positive gender stereotypes that would encourage male executives to secure the services of female coaches. The findings also points out the gender stereotypes that could inhibit the formation of a coaching relationship and most of these stereotypes are found to be perpetuated by the applicable religion, tradition and customs within Nigeria.
MT2017
4
Irinoye, Omolola Oladunni. "The conceptions of sexual relationships among the Yoruba people in Nigeria." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3106.
Full textAbstract:
The study explored the cultural dynamics of construction of sexual intercourse within gender constructions of masculinity and femininity among the Yoruba people of South western Nigeria. The Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC/ETIC) framework, a cultural explanatory social analytic framework with guides to looking at the insiders' perspectives, was used as the theoretical base to the study. The study was conducted to broaden understanding of sexual relationships in order to generate culturally relevant programmes that can promote sexual health, control sexual coercion, sexual violence and reduce the transmission and spread of HIV. It explored information about the conceptions of sexual relationships, social dynamics of sexual negotiations in marital and non-marital relationships, the expressions and process of knowledge acquisition as such translates to sexual behaviour by men and women. The prevalence of consensus, coercive and forced sexual intercourse and sexual morbidity were determined. Perceived link of sexual coercion and sexual violence to HIV transmission was also explored. Traditional practices, including regulatory mechanisms for the control of sexual behaviour of men and women in the culture were also explored. Equally focused in the study were differences in the conceptions of sexual relationships among the study population as moderated by sex, age, educational background and marital status, along with experiences of sexual coercion, forced sex, and sexual intercourse related morbidity. Adopting the ethnographic method, qualitative data from historical review of existing information about the Yoruba people, focus group discussions, in-depth individual interviews and observations were complemented by quantitative data generated through a survey in a sample Yoruba community of lIe-Ife. Findings showed the conception of sexual relationships and sexual intercourse built around the conception and social constructions of active masculinity and passive femininity. Conceptions of sexual relationship evolved as a transitional phenomenon that individuals were expected to learn informally instinctually and as they attain sexual biological maturity through language use and observations of practices among older people. Two typologies of masculinity and femininity were discernible in the study population that also give specifications to social and sexual behaviour of men and women. There appeared a changing conception of femininity especially among young people below 30 years, which is also informing sexual behaviour of young women. Relationships were moderated by age, economic status and marriage, which invariably put women in subordinate position to men either in social or sexual relationships. Behaviour of men and women were dictated by social role assignment of leadership through economic provisions for family and control of sexual act by the man. This was within a contractual relationship of older men with younger women with the primary motive of procreation in traditional orientation. Sexual intercourse was seen as a compulsory act for both men and women especially as it results to procreation though the initiation and control were part of the social responsibility of the man. It was socially approved within marriage but pre-marital and extra marital relationships were tolerated more for men. The act was also used "as a prove of self", for economic gains, to demonstrate love, for enjoyment and as a tool of punishment of women by some men. Knowledge acquisition about sexual relationships and sexual intercourse tended to be inadequate throughout the life span. There was never a time when individuals, even after marriage, have access to correct information about sexual intercourse. There was gross assumption of what sexual partners know about sexual intercourse in the population. Within the context of 13 identifiable topical knowledge areas desirable for sexual health, more than 50% of males and females expressed lack of knowledge. There were significant differences in expressed knowledge by male and female respondents of what sexual intercourse is and the motives of sexual intercourseThesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.
5
Sokoya, Grace Oluseyi. "Socio-cultural constructions of gender roles and psychological wellbeing in farm-families of Ogun-state, Nigeria : exploring the complexities." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4013.
Full textAbstract:
The study set out to explore the complexities of the socio-cultural constructions of gender roles
and psychological wellbeing in farm-families of Ogun state Nigeria. The intention of the study
was to gain insight and understanding of the farmers' life experiences since farm-families are
gendered institutions with peculiar needs, problems and aspirations. The study was motivated by
a dearth of research on the constructions and determinants of psychological wellbeing and gender
roles in farm-families. This thesis is therefore an attempt to fill the identified gap in knowledge,
by generating empirical data on the socio-cultural constructions of psychological wellbeing and
gender roles in farm-families.
The thesis is essentially interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from and contributing to the
bodies of knowledge in gender-based research, social psychology, family studies, developmental
research, and agricultural extension. The inclusion of men's and women's views and perceptions,
as opposed to a polarized view of men exclusively as the oppressors and perpetrators of female
subordination is a poststructural feminist approach toward de-emphasizing gender dichotomies.
In addition, the incorporation of children's perspectivesis due to recognition of family factors as
determinants of children's gender identity construction, life outcomes, and the psychological
wellbeing of the entire family. Research participants included forty adults (17 men and 23
women) and thirty-one children (17 boys and 14 girls), drawn from five farming communities in
Ogun state Nigeria. These include: Kango, Ogijan, Boodo-Sanyaolu, Obafemi, and Ilewo-Orile.
Adopting a qualitative research methodology, multiple methods of data collection were
employed. These include life history methodology, in-depth interviews, focus group interviews,
and interactive observation techniques. Although 'psychological wellbeing' is a difficult
construct to define because of its complexity and high subjectivity, adopting the social
representations' framework, the constructions,· meanings and determinants of psychological
wellbeing and gender roles were allowed to emerge from the participants, within their peculiar
socio-historical and cultural contexts. Findings reveal that the constructions of gender identity
and gender roles in farm-families are the foundations of the internalization of gender ideals,
socio-cultural constructions, psychological wellbeing and coping strategies. Children then grow
up to become part of the society and continue the trans-generational perpetuation of gender ideals
and reinforcement of gender stereotypes, and these have several implications for the
psychological wellbeing of entire farm-family members. The problems of women-subordination
vis-a-vis male-domination, therefore, have their roots in the socio-cultural constructions of
gender, gender roles, and their ideological representations. Research outcomes thus provide basis
for the development of sustainable culture-specific feminist strategies, which address the origins
and foundations of gender stereotypes, as well as gender-sensitive and gender-specific
interventions for the enhancement of farm-families' psychological wellbeing.
The adoption of Yoruba terminology in the constructions of psychological wellbeing and
related concepts in the thesis is the beginning of an innovative research process for inventing
contextually meaningful and relevant Yoruba terminology for previously Western-based
concepts. In this thesis for example, psychological wellbeing is construed as - ilera-okan, alafiaokan,
ibale-okan, ilera pipe t 'okan-t 'ara; while stress and emotional disturbance are construed as
- aibale-okan, iporuuru ati pakaleke okan. This is a unique contribution to knowledge.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.
6
Ogunbanwo, Babatunde Fadefoluwa. "A socio-scientific reading in the Yoruba context of selected texts in Luke's gospel portraying Jesus' attitude to outcasts : implications for Anglican Dioceses in Ijebu-Remo, Ogun state, Nigeria in the HIV and AIDS era." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7969.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explored the story of the healing of the ten lepers by Jesus in Luke 17:11-19 for its potential to facilitate a conversation between the Jesus context and the Yoruba context, to bring about a new praxis in the attitude of Yoruba Christian to people living with HIV and AIDS. In view of the fact that the context is a major determinant in the interpretations that ecumenical theologians make with the Bible, it calls on the interpreter to re-read the text in the culture of the people. And in a bid for African biblical scholarship to locate itself within the social, political and ecclesiastical context of Africa in the age of globalization and the scourge of HIV and AIDS crisis, a contextual reading of Jesus’ attitude and compassionate response to the wish of the ten lepers as presented in Luke for healing and restoration is not only desirable in this research but an opportunity to reflect on the contribution of contextual exposition of the miracle story to the contemporary attitude of Christians in an HIV and AIDS era.
HIV and AIDS is a disease which not only plunders human bodies but also invades the attitude and behaviour of societies generating a kind of social pathology. Hence the definition of social phenomena is culturally determined and therefore the explanation and the attitudes of health and illness is a function of culture. As a result this has great implications for the attitude and behaviour of people towards sick people especially people living with HIV and AIDS in this era.
Drawing insights from the model of the body as social map by Mary Douglas in which the concern and fight around social boundaries are linked with purity rules and taboo; and the labeling/deviancy theory of Becker, this research reads the Gospel of Luke with a social-scientific lens selected texts in Luke’s Gospel depicting the attitude of Jesus to outcasts (lepers). It also raises the question, whether being a Christian, having the Bible as a resource in the Yoruba context does or can make a difference to the way Yoruba people respond to sick people in an HIV and AIDS era.
The empirical study was carried out in the Yoruba community of Ijebu Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria employed research methods which include the Tripolar exegetical method, an ethnographic study through focus group discussions, non-participatory observation and the contextual Bible study method.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.
Books on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
Africa Regional Sexuality Resource Centre. Socialisation and sexuality discourse in Nigeria. Lagos, Nigeria: Africa Regional Sexuality Resource Centre, 2005.
Find full text
2
Gammage, Sarah. Women's role in household decision-making: A case study in Nigeria. Washington, D.C: International Center for Research on Women, 1997.
Find full text
3
Dinslage, Sabine. Magic and gender: A thesaurus of the Jibe of Kona (Northeastern Nigeria). Köln: R. Köppe, 2000.
Find full text
4
The female king of colonial Nigeria: Ahebi Ugbabe. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010.
Find full text
5
Negotiating power and privilege: Igbo career women in contemporary Nigeria. Athens [Ohio]: Center for International Studies, Ohio University, 2004.
Find full text
6
Babatunde, Emmanuel D. Women's rites versus women's rights: A study of circumcision among the Ketu Yoruba of South Western Nigeria. Lawrenceville, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998.
Find full text
7
Wurster, Gabriele. Gender, age, and reciprocity: Case studies of professionals in Kenya and Nigeria. [East Lansing, Mich.]: Women in International Development, Michigan State University, 1996.
Find full text
8
Spirit, structure, and flesh: Gendered experiences in African Instituted Churches among the Yoruba of Nigeria. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008.
Find full text
9
When men and women mattered: A history of gender relations among the Owan of Nigeria. Rochester, N.Y., USA: University of Rochester Press, 1997.
Find full text
10
Allah made us: Sexual outlaws in an Islamic African city. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
Dafe, Florence. "Nigeria." In The Political Economy of Bank Regulation in Developing Countries: Risk and Reputation, 260–82. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841999.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
In Nigeria regulators have gradually adopted Basel I, II, and III, although implementation and enforcement have been slow. The impetus for Basel adoption has come primarily from regulators, who are embedded in international policy networks. They consider Basel II and III the most appropriate set of regulatory standards to stabilize and manage risk in Nigeria’s large, internationalized banking sector. While Basel adoption was not a salient issue among Nigeria’s politicians, Nigeria’s large internationally active banks welcomed the implementation of Basel II as an important means to enhance their competitiveness and signal soundness to markets. These banks play an important role in providing employment and access to finance for the private sector, and their resolution would meet with resistance from politicians and lead to a loss of confidence in Nigeria’s banking sector.
2
Wyss, Marco. "Introduction." In Postcolonial Security, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843023.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
After showcasing the discrepancy between Britain’s and France’s postcolonial security roles in Nigeria and Côte d’Ivoire, and Africa more generally, the introduction presents the major actors—Britain, France, Nigeria, and Côte d’Ivoire—their underlying motivations and positions, and how they were affected not only by global, but importantly also by local and regional circumstances. Therefore, and to set the scene for the comparative analysis of the making of the Anglo-Nigerian and Franco-Ivorian postcolonial security relationships, the introduction then provides an extensive discussion of Africa’s Cold War and African agency. Thereafter, it provides a discussion of sources and, finally, presents the architecture of the book.
3
Karakara, Alhassan Abdulwakeel, and Evans S. Osabuohien. "The Role of Institutions in the Discourse of Sustainable Development in West African Countries." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 15–27. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4817-2.ch002.
Full textAbstract:
There are few studies on the role of institutions in achieving sustainable development that infer that these institutions offer the mechanisms for resource and environmental management. Thus, twelve West African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo) are covered in the study using data from World Development Indicators and World Governance Indicators. Six main outcome variables are used. These are CO2 emissions per capita, CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption, CO2 emissions from manufacturing and construction, total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), and CO2 intensity. A two-step generalised method of moment (GMM) found that governance effectiveness and regulatory quality as curtails the rate of CO2 emissions. Policy implications are discussed.
4
Adepoju, Solomon Adelowo, Ishaq Oyebisi Oyefolahan, Muhammad Bashir Abdullahi, Adamu Alhaji Mohammed, and Motunrayo O. Ibiyo. "A Human-Centered Usability Evaluation of University Websites Using SNECAAS Model." In Handbook of Research on the Role of Human Factors in IT Project Management, 173–85. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1279-1.ch012.
Full textAbstract:
One of the ways universities ensure constant touch with the human populace is through their websites. Therefore, websites must be engaging, interactive, easy-to-use, and provide users with the necessary information needed. Unfortunately, most universities have found this objective quite difficult to achieve. This chapter presents an evaluation the usability of six Nigerian university websites using a model which is based on seven usability criteria of speed, ease of use, navigation, content, aesthetic, accessibility, and security. The best six university websites based on webometric ranking were selected for the study with 233 participants via an online questionnaire using Google Docs. The overall results of the evaluation indicate that the usability of Nigerian university websites performed fairly well in ease of use, navigation, and aesthetic, averagely on speed and content, while the ratings based on accessibility and security are not very satisfactory.
5
Adeoye, Blessing Foluso. "The Era of Digital Technology in Teaching and Learning in Nigeria Educational Institutions." In The Roles of Technology and Globalization in Educational Transformation, 43–51. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9746-9.ch004.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of digital technology in society has made it critical for all students in the 21st century to become literate with the use of digital tools. One way to understand the evolving role of digital technologies in education in Nigeria is to review the literature and see how the use of digital technologies in the classroom are documented. The development and proliferation of the internet have contributed to a revolution in teaching and learning; it has also provided new opportunities for delivering instruction through various media. Despite all the plentiful opportunities of learning through digital technology and improving access to education in the country at all levels, there are, however, some setbacks. In this chapter, some success stories were presented with some benefits and setbacks. Even though many educational institutions from elementary levels to universities levels are using digital devices and applications for teaching and learning purposes, the tools may fail in many places due to the domination of traditional pedagogical approaches and methods.
6
Rayran Cortés, Manuel Alejandro. "La guerra civil siria y el papel de las Naciones Unidas." In Rol de Naciones Unidas en los conflictos armados contemporáneos: Casos de estudio: Libia, Siria y Nigeria, 95–135. Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/9789585318328.03.
Full textAbstract:
Desde 2011, la República Árabe de Siria ha estado inmersa en un conflicto armado cuyas características particulares han obligado a evaluar las acciones de las instituciones internacionales para garantizar la paz internacional. Con el fin de comprender de manera clara los orígenes de los enfrentamientos bélicos, en este capítulo se explican los hitos, quiénes fueron los actores principales y sus intereses; además, se determina la naturaleza de la guerra. De igual manera, se analiza el papel del Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas, sus dificultades para resolver el conflicto y el protagonismo de las organizaciones regionales, así como de otras instituciones subsidiarias de las Naciones Unidas, para reducir la guerra. Por último, se evidencian las fallas estructurales de la seguridad colectiva, se muestra cómo los intereses geopolíticos en el seno de las instituciones causan daños irreparables a la población civil y se exponen las razones por las cuales este tipo de guerras son el resultado de un debilitamiento del Estado.
7
Mejía Prieto, Juan Camilo. "Responsabilidad de proteger y revolución, el rol de las Naciones Unidas en la guerra civil libia." In Rol de Naciones Unidas en los conflictos armados contemporáneos: Casos de estudio: Libia, Siria y Nigeria, 49–94. Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/9789585318328.02.
Full textAbstract:
El presente capítulo aborda las dinámicas que desencadenaron la primera guerra civil libia, a través de un recorrido histórico que termina con el inicio de la era repu-blicana, profundamente marcada por la ideología gadafista. Se exponen los antecedentes inmediatos que originaron las hostilidades, así como las partes enfrentadas y su respectiva valoración de potenciales. Se aborda, igualmente, la significativa participación de la otan (en cabeza, principalmente, de Estados Unidos., Reino Unido y Francia) en cumpli-miento de las resoluciones emitidas por el Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas, evidenciando la clara alianza militar entre actores estatales y no estatales, que finalmente derrocaron al régimen tras la muerte del dictador. Finalmente, se cierra con un recorrido cronológico a través del desarrollo de la campaña militar, para concluir, a través de una breve discusión, con las implicaciones de esta intervención en la seguridad internacional y, en particular, en la denominada ‘responsabilidad de proteger’.
8
Arenas Piedrahita, Angie Julieth, Juan Camilo Mejía Prieto, and Manuel Alejandro Rayran Cortés. "Hacia la configuración de un sistema de seguridad colectiva." In Rol de Naciones Unidas en los conflictos armados contemporáneos: Casos de estudio: Libia, Siria y Nigeria, 25–48. Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/9789585318328.01.
Full textAbstract:
El presente capítulo aborda cronológicamente la evolución de la seguridad colectiva, cuyas raíces parten de una concepción imperial que dominó las dinámicas de la guerra en Europa y que, finalmente, desencadenarían la Primera Guerra Mundial. El siglo xx fue marcado por sesgos ideológicos que crearon la bipolaridad propia del periodo y que profundizaron todavía más el realismo político imperante en el sistema internacional. La destrucción dejada por la Segunda Guerra Mundial sería el catalizador que facilitaría la creación de una organización supranacional que finalmente se encargase de garantizar la paz y la seguridad internacionales. Finalmente, la modernidad trae inmensos retos en materia de seguridad derivados de una nueva forma de conflictividad en la que los actores estatales no se enfrentan entre sí, sino que se enfrentan (o patrocinan) a organizaciones que representan identidades políticas, religiosas, o raciales frente a las cuales la Organización de las Naciones Unidas desafortunadamente no tiene injerencia alguna.
9
Arenas Piedrahita, Angie Julieth. "Amenaza terrorista de Boko Haram, el rol de las Naciones Unidas en el conflicto armado en Nigeria." In Rol de Naciones Unidas en los conflictos armados contemporáneos: Casos de estudio: Libia, Siria y Nigeria, 137–67. Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/9789585318328.04.
Full textAbstract:
El presente capítulo analiza el rol de la onu en la resolución del conflicto armado nigeriano, a partir del estudio del nacimiento y evolución de la organización terrorista Boko Haram y su impacto en la región. Para ello, se empleó una metodología de estudio de caso, con enfoque cualitativo y alcance explicativo. Dentro de los principales hallazgos de la investigación cabe destacar el papel limitado de la Organización en las etapas iniciales del conflicto, la internacionalización de este como parte del juego de poder entre las poten-cias del sistema internacional, y la preponderancia de los actores no estatales en la visibilización del drama humano ocasionado por las acciones del Estado Islámico en África Occidental. De allí, que se plantee la necesidad de reestructurar el Sistema de Naciones Unidas desde su misionalidad y alcance real, y replantear la lucha contra el terrorismo internacional desde un enfoque de derechos humanos.
10
Cohn, Samuel. "Triggering the Circle of Societal Death." In All Societies Die, 201–5. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755903.003.0050.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter highlights four possible triggers that could start the Twelve-Step Circle of Societal Death. The first trigger is the declines in the Mensch cycle. Regular downturns in the life cycles of products produce lasting recessions and depressions that are difficult to overcome. The second trigger is landlessness, which leads to political instability and war. Indeed, the shifting of rural populations from having land to not having land is one of the most potentially destabilizing social changes imaginable. The third is trigger ecological collapse. The warfare, ethnic hostility, and terrorism we see in Yemen, Afghanistan, Southern Sudan, and Northern Nigeria all have their origins in the desert expanding, destroying the semiarid. Finally, the fourth trigger is increased low female status. Some people may be skeptical of the role of low female status. However, high female status is associated with greater female education, greater economic growth from female entrepreneurship, greater women's participation in the economy, and lower fertility creating lower population growth and greater ecological sustainability.
Conference papers on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
Ezirim, Idoteyin, and Francis Agbo. "P699 Role of management in enhancing efficiency of female sex workers HIV programs in nigeria." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress (Joint Meeting of the 23rd ISSTDR and 20th IUSTI), July 14–17, 2019, Vancouver, Canada. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-sti.765.
Full text
2
Pratami, Yustika Rahmawati, and Nurul Kurniati. "Sex Education Strategy for Adolescents: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.27.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) plays an important role in preparing safe and productive lives of adolescents through understanding about HIV/ AIDS, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, gender-based violence, and gender disparity. This scoping review aimed to investigate the appropriate method of sex education and information for adolescents. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selection; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The research question was identified using population, exposure, and outcome(s) (PEOS) framework. The search included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, and EBSCO databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language and full-text articles published between 2009 and 2019. A total of 460 articles was obtained from the searched database. After the review process, twenty articles were eligible for this review. The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: Eleven articles from developing countries (Nigeria, Thailand, Iran, California, Vietnam, Spain, South Africa, Indonesia) and nine articles from developed countries (USA, England, Australia) met the inclusion criteria with quantitative (cross-sectional, quasi-experiments, cohort, RCT) and qualitative design studies. The findings discussed available sources of sex education for adolescents including peers, school, media, and other adults. Digital media (internet and TV) contributed as preferable sources for adolescents. The parents and teacher’s involvement in providing sex education remained inadequate. Inappropriate sources of sex education like invalid information from the internet and other adults caused negative consequences on the sexual and reproductive health of children and adolescents. Conclusion: Parents-school partnership strategies play an important role in delivering appropriate information about sex education for children and adolescents. Keywords: digital media, sex education, parents, schools, adolescents Correspondence: Yustika Rahmawati Pratami. Jl. Siliwangi No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: yustikarahmawati068@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282198915596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.27
3
Ogunsanya, B. O., and A. J. Ifebajo. "Developing a Proactive Environmental Management System (PEMS) in Offshore West Africa." In ASME 2001 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2001-17082.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Every industry that seeks to remain efficient and relevant in this millennium should constantly be looking for ways of becoming more environmentally responsible — no business may call itself efficient if it threatens the environment within which it operates. As the quest for hydrocarbons intensifies in our deeper waters, we see environmental performance quality playing an increasingly critical role in every company’s business performance. In the last couple of years, reports from onshore E&P activities in Nigeria have shown that operating in the Niger Delta region poses some of the toughest challenges in the world. This region has witnessed a spate of attacks on oil and gas facilities, staff and contractors. Consequently, major oil and gas players have to contend with complex operational uncertainties due to increased pressures from the local communities for improved environmental control measures. In this project, we have outlined safe and effective plans, actions, and procedures to help pre-empt these pressures; maintain harmony with local communities, and effectively manage operational uncertainties within complex environmental settings like the Nigerian Niger Delta area. A proactive environmental management style based on continuous consultation, goal-oriented monitoring, as well as a continuous improvement attitude (CIA) are some of the various solutions proposed in this work. Finally, we are confident that this kind of environmental management system will undoubtedly enhance the economic viability, as well as the global competitiveness of our deep-water fields in offshore West Africa.
4
Adeyemi, Bamikole, Prashant Jadhawar, and Lateef Akanji. "Surface Complexation Modelling of Potential Determining Ions Sorption on Oil/Brine and Brine/Rock Interfaces." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207128-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Previous studies on smart water effects have suggested wettability alteration as the most significant mechanism for additional oil recovery during smart water injection. Though many other mechanisms have been observed and proposed in several other studies, much more attention is paid to the detachment of oil films from rock surfaces. It is, however, clear from prevailing understanding that the activities at oil/brine interfaces might require as much attention as given to the brine/rock interfaces. This paper presents diffuse double layer surface complexation modelling of the adsorption of potential determining (Ca2+, Mg2+ and SO42-) ions on oil carboxylic and carbonate surfaces. Surface complexation models are developed by defining the adsorption sites, surface area and mass of the oil and carbonate surfaces. The chemical reactions involving the surface sites and five different brine solutions are also defined. The brine solutions include formation water, sea water, sea water diluted 20 and 50 times, and sea water with four times SO42- concentration. The amount of the divalent ions adsorbed at pH range of 5 to 8 are determined after the reactions had reached equilibrium. Adsorption of the ions on oil carboxylic and carbonate surfaces at elevated temperature for the sea water is also investigated. Results show that significant number of divalent ions are collected at the oil/brine interfaces just as adsorbed at the brine/rock interfaces. The results suggest that the equilibrium reactions and the dynamics at the two mathematical interfaces in any oil/brine/rock systems are equally important to reach a full understanding of the main mechanisms behind smart water effects. Therefore, the dynamics of ionic reactions at the oil/brine interface can play critical roles in defining smart water effects on residual oil mobilization.
5
Ogbonnaya, Ezenwa A., and Kombo Theophilus-Johnson. "Use of Multiple Variable Mathematical Method for Effective Condition Monitoring of Gas Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22568.
Full textAbstract:
All over the globe, gas turbines (GTs) play tremendous role in energy and power generation. Condition monitoring is also being used to obtain early warning of impending equipment failure to prevent costly downtime and damage to process equipment. Several scheduled visits were thus made to AFAM IV, GT 18, TYPE 13D plant located near Port Harcourt, in Rivers State of Nigeria. Continuous and periodic monitoring of the thermodynamics/performance parameters such as temperature, pressure, air pumping capability and fuel flow were carried out. These activities lasted for over a period of one year on hourly basis to examine the state of health of the engine compared with the data taken. The diagnostic method of trend performance monitoring was jointly used with multiple variable mathematical models (MVMMs), because they relate deterioration to consequences. A software code-named “THAPCOM” written in C++ programming language was used proactively monitor the engine based on this MVMMs. The values observed on the third month revealed that ηO was 27.0% and AL was 48MW. A significant variation in the results obtained shows that there is a deviation between the monitored data taken from the console and the reference data in the manufacturer’s manual. These are indications of impending failure or health uncertainty of the engine. This allowed maintenance to be scheduled, or other actions taken to avoid catastrophy.
6
Koffi, Itoro Udofort. "A Deep Learning Approach for the Prediction of Oil Formation Volume Factor." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208627-stu.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Accurate knowledge of Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) properties is crucial in reservoir and production engineering computational applications. One of these properties is the oil formation volume factor (Bo), which assumes a significant role in calculating some of the prominent petroleum engineering terms and parameters, such as depletion rate, oil in place, reservoir simulation, material balance equation, well testing, reservoir production calculation, etc. These properties are ideally measured experimentally in the laboratory, based on downhole or recommended surface samples. Faster and cheaper methods are important for real-time decision making and empirically developed correlations are used in the prediction of this property. This work is aimed at developing a more accurate prediction method than the more common methods. The prediction method used is based on a supervised deep neural network to estimate oil formation volume factor at bubble point pressure as a function of gas-oil ratio, gas gravity, specific oil gravity, and reservoir temperature. Deep learning is applied in this paper to address the inaccuracy of empirically derived correlations used for predicting oil formation volume factor. Neural Networks would help us find hidden patterns in the data, which cannot be found otherwise. A multi-layer neural network was used for the prediction via the anaconda programming environment. Two frameworks for modelling data using deep learning viz: TensorFlow and Keras were utilized, and PVT variables selected as input neurons while employing early stopping which uses a part of our data not fed to the model to test its performance to prevent overfitting. In the modelling process, 2994 dataset retrieved from the Niger Delta region was used. The dataset was randomly divided into three parts of which 60% was used for training, 20% for validation, and 20% for testing. The result predicted by the network outperformed existing correlations by the statistical parameters used for the same set of field data. The network has a mean average error of 0.05 which is the lowest when compared to the error generated by other correlation models. The predictive capability of this network is found to be higher than existing models, based on the findings of this work.
Reports on the topic "Sex role – Nigeria"
1
African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
Full textAbstract:
This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.