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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sex work'
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1
Brewis, Joanna Patricia. "Sex, work and sex at work : a Foucauldian analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530512.
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This thesis uses the work of Michel Foucault to analyse the three main knowledges around sex at work - scientific modernism, liberal feminist sexual harassment knowledge and re-eroticization knowledge. The main argument is that such knowledges can be identified as generating subjectifying power effects; that is to say. this thesis argues that modern human subjects are produced through the operations of prevailing power/ knowledge regimes such as those around sex at work. It is further suggested that the subject positions which these knowledges generate can, in line with Foucault's argument that 'everything is dangerous', be identified to have particular implications. A program of semi-structured interviews has been completed in a university and in a financial services company in order to assess how powerful each knowledge around sex at work has been with regard to subjects in the respondent group. Resistances to the knowledges were also catalogued. Acknowledgement is also made where appropriate of power effects of and resistances to these knowledges with regard to subjects in the wider social. Importantly, analysis is also offered of the implications of the subject positions identified; that is to say, of what it might mean for these men and women to understand themselves in these ways. This thesis therefore conforms to Foucault's recommendation that intellectual work should be used to subvert claims to truth and to reveal the effects of power so that subjects may begin the 'critical ontology' of themselves. This project of self rests on an awareness on the part of individual subjects that what that they know of themselves is nothing more, and nothing less, than the power effects of particular knowledges. Foucault suggests that this kind of relationship with self allows for a certain degree of self-fashioning - that we can come to be able to choose the ways in which we know ourselves. The concluding part of the thesis addresses the criticisms that have been made of this vision of a new form of subjectivity and, in so doing, clarifies the ethicopolitical contribution of the kind of Foucauldian analysis that has been attempted here.
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Wahab, Stephanie. "Let's talk about sex work : feminisms, social work and the sex industry /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11197.
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Murray, Kristen. "Sex work as work : labour regulation in the legal sex industry in Victoria /." Connect to thesis, 2001. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000517.
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Ward, Helen. "Sex work and health in London." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8604/.
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This thesis comprises 12 publications from two decades of research into sex work and health. The papers report on the risks and determinants of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) in women selling sex in London. The research combined clinical, epidemiological and anthropological methods in a programme that aimed to inform policies and interventions to reduce STI and HIV risks and improve the health and well-being of sex workers. In the accompanying commentary, chapter 1 places the papers in a broad narrative by describing the context of the work which began with the early days of the AIDS epidemic and continued through new challenges including the impact of globalisation and migration. Chapter 2 is a critical review of the major findings in relation to HIV and STI risk, and includes new tables summarising estimates of effect sizes from across the studies. I then discuss major risk factors, placing the findings in the context of the wider literature, and suggest a conceptual framework linking the determinants. Chapter 3 provides a more detailed description of the ways that different research methods were used to test specific hypotheses. In particular, I show how qualitative work uncovers the importance of structural factors, such as the organisation of flats and the distribution and consumption of drugs, in determining individual and group level behaviours and risks. I provide a brief critique of the use of mixed methods in biomedical research, and stress the importance of grounding both qualitative and quantitative work in appropriate theoretical frameworks. Chapter 4 summarises the thesis and re-asserts the need for a model of causation that incorporates social, economic, behavioural and structural factors. The development of interventions requires a synthesis of evidence from many disciplines, together with the perspective of participants whose agency will be the key to successful implementation.
5
Heyer-Gray, Zoey A. "Gender and religious work /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426066.
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Jones, Lisa. "An exploration of coping in sex work." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/73542/.
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This thesis is an exploration of the coping strategies used by women involved in sex work, to manage the different risks inherent in the field. The literature review considers the ways in which women seek to manage a stigmatised identity in order to promote their own psychological wellbeing. The research paper explores the reasons women remain in street based sex work, and, using grounded theory, seeks to understand how psychological and social factors work to both promote resilience and maintain involvement. Finally, the critical appraisal reflects on the methodological approaches necessary to conduct a research project with street-based sex workers, and explores the management of risk in this context.
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Bernal, Mayra, and Henry Christopher Meza. "SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF SEX OFFENDERS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/159.
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Social workers who choose to work in the field of child welfare will almost unavoidably be exposed to sexual trauma. This requires that social workers are prepared to understand and work with those who have been sexually abused, as well as the perpetrators of sex crimes. The purpose of this study was to explore social work students’ perceptions of sex offenders since it is anticipated that they will work with the sex offender population at some point in their careers. Exploring this topic could help future social workers gain valuable knowledge related to recognizing barriers that may exist when working with sex offenders. To study social work students’ perceptions of sex offenders, quantitative data were collected using a fifty item online survey instrument that was distributed via the Qualtrics website. In addition, t-tests, ANOVA, and Chi-square analysis were conducted using the SPSS analytical software program version 21. The findings of this study suggest that there were no significant differences between participants’ gender regarding their perceptions of sex offenders. Furthermore, the study found that overall, social work students’ perceptions are that there are more male sex offenders than female and juvenile sex offenders. The findings of this study suggest that further research is needed in order to explore social work practitioners’ perceptions of sex offenders since there is a likelihood that social works will work with this population at some point in their careers.
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Christie, Maryann Denise. "Gender differences on coping with work stress and predicting work related outcomes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1200.
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Kille, Julie Ann. "Communications in sex work : a content analysis of online sex work advertisements among men, women and transgender people in Vancouver." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54323.
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The increased use of technology to purchase goods and services has changed the landscape of how we advertise, buy and sell commodities. This has contributed to an increase in off-street sex work advertised on the Internet. It is estimated that 80% of sex work in British Columbia occurs off street and the use of web advertising for services has grown exponentially (O’Doherty, 2011). While street-based sex work has been well studied, and there is a significant and growing body of knowledge concerning off-street sex work, communications in advertising sex work online is an emerging field of inquiry. There have been few studies that have examined these communications, and most have been population specific. In this study, 75 online advertisements for sex work in Vancouver, British Columbia were compared to determine what information was regularly communicated and how this information differed between men, women and transgender people using this medium to conduct business. Content analysis was employed as a method to extract the data from the websites in a systemized, categorical way and the results were analyzed to compare differences between groups, focusing on communications, health, safety, and business information. The findings suggest that while there are similarities between men, women and transgender people advertising sex work online, there are important differences that require further study to determine if they have impacted the health and safety of sex workers. This study summarizes what is being communicated in online advertisements of sex workers and contributes to understandings about how sex workers are communicating about health, safety and business to their clients. These insights can assist health care providers and policy makers in creating interventions to improve health and safety for sex workers and their clients.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Nursing, School of<br>Graduate
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Patton, Rikki A. "Exploring Sex Work through a Capability Lens: Does the Capability Approach Predict Sex Work Involvement among a Substance-Abusing Sample?" The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1341325355.
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Ukonu, Terrie Dawn. "Disclosure during adolescence same sex friendships." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1992. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/624.
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The purpose of this study was to explore and examine the degree of adolescent disclosure to other adolescents of the same-sex, and to explore the notion that suggest that females are more disclosing in their same-sex relationship that males. In addition, this study assessed whether self-concept may be associated with self disclosure. The results of this study indicated that there were no significant differences in the degree of male and female disclosure to their same-sex friends. There were no significant difference in the self concept of males and females.
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Rohde, Kristina. "Community mobilization around street sex work in Ottawa." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28548.
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Over the last three years the issue of street sex work has emerged as a contentious one in the Ottawa area. Many agencies in the community such as the police, social services and the municipal government each seek to deal with the matter. In considering this situation, I utilize Social Movement Theory to critically analyse a state-initiated social movement. This thesis presents the findings of a case study of the community group "Together for Vanier" in the east area of Ottawa. Drawing on documents produced by or about the group, observations at community meetings and interviews with key community players, the author argues that absent in Social Movement Theory is a consideration of silenced voices, rendering movements to appear more cohesive than they actually are. This paper suggests that "Together for Vanier" is not an authentic social movement, but rather a state generated one. The thesis concludes by utilizing ideas from Governmentality and Foucault to argue that "Together for Vanier" represents a form of governing at a distance and is thus a site of contestation.
Key words: community mobilization, social movement, street sex work
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Garofalo, Giulia. "The political economy of sex work in Europe." Thesis, University of East London, 2009. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3187/.
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My PhD thesis entitled 'The Political Economy of Sex Work in Europe' aims at reformulating the most politically relevant aspects of sex work in contemporary Europe in terms of state policy interventions and of main conflicts between groups engaging on the politics of sex work, through a systematic use of materialist tools, in particular French Materialist Feminism (Leonard, Adkins (eds.), 1996). The first step of this theoretical enterprise is the recognition of the uniquely interesting position, both political and epistemological, held by the sex workers' movement in the context of a general sex work regime emerging across different countries: the 'anti-trafficking' regime. Beyond the clear position that 'sex work is work', and its claims for legalisation, this movement offers a variety of original reflections on the specificities of sex work, both in terms of its labour content and its political content. In particular, sex work activists appear to argue that sex work is both sex and work; that, as with the rest of sex, it is first of all a practice of human interaction; and that, centrally, it carries a unique stigma which may correspond to a unique potential resistance. Elaborating on this marginalised knowledge, my contribution furthers an understanding of the specificity of the production of sex - whether it takes place in a work context or not - as a 'focused interaction' (Goffman, 1963) that constitutes a kind of 'factory of the selves' employing 'relational labour'. It also defines the concrete social division relevant to sex work in contemporary Europe, which is one of gender, but also of sexual identity and ethnicity - in other words, of those who are defined as 'abnormals' versus the 'normals'. The thesis overall suggests that, when given theoretical breath, the struggles of sex workers may indicate that a 'class' analysis is necessary to understand the specific relational exploitation that women, LGBT, and ethnicised people are subjected to as abnormals, far beyond the sphere of sex work.
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Ellis, Catherine Rose. "Sex work and ingestion in eighteenth-century France." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12629/.
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This thesis explores the significance of eating and drinking to sex work in mid- to late-eighteenth-century French literature and culture. It combines close reading of alimentary details with historicised and more recent theoretical approaches to food studies, establishing how ingestion was used, understood, and depicted in fictional, polemical, and documentary material relating to sex work. This thesis reveals that ingestion was no mere detail or incitement to pleasure in sex workers’ lives. It was instead a fundamental part of sexual practice, a source of danger, and a literary symbol with which male writers could work through widespread concerns about female sexuality and the dangers of ingestion. Chapter One provides an overview of ingestion’s role in the eighteenth-century sex trade. Chapter Two explores mid-century police records on brothels and kept women to demonstrate how ingestion was not simply a matter of pleasure but was intimately linked to risk and vulnerability for clients, madams, and sex workers alike. Chapter Three considers ingestion’s symbolic significance in four texts discussing sex work reform, beginning with the genre’s English Urtext, Bernard Mandeville’s A Modest Defence of Publick Stews, and ending with Rétif de la Bretonne’s Le Pornographe. Chapter Four establishes how images of ingestion can reveal differences between apparently similar sex worker heroines, focusing on Margot la ravaudeuse and Vénus en rut. Chapter Five considers the role of ingestion in fostering sociability or division in two fictional collections of sex workers’ letters: Correspondance de Madame Gourdan and Correspondance d’Eulalie. Chapter Six explores the gendered differences between the male and female consuming bodies, examining ingestion as pleasure in texts with gigolo heroes: Ma Conversion, Le Petit-fils d’Hercule and L’Année galante. Chapter Seven concludes the thesis by considering the sex worker as a victim of cannibalism in Rétif de la Bretonne’s L’Anti-Justine.
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Chester, Stephanie E. "Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking and Social Work Practice." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3597.
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Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST) is a social problem affecting children between the ages of 12 and 17 years old. The issues related to DMST present challenges for social work practitioners because they often lack knowledge regarding how to identify and provide specialized services to this population. The purpose of the qualitative study was to collect and analyze data to develop an understanding of how social workers in the northeastern region of the United States identified challenges and thereby improved their practice skills when intervening with this vulnerable population. An epistemological paradigm, with a constructivist perspective employing Nguyen's systems theory, was used to understand the phenomena. The practice-focused research question posed to 5 clinically licensed social workers (LCSW) asked about the perceived barriers hindering social work practice when identifying victims of DMST. In addition, upon recognition of DMST victims, participants described existing community services that addressed their social work practice needs. The LCSWs attended 3 hour-long audio-recorded focus groups, offering their knowledge and experiences related to DMST in the designated region. Constant comparison was used to analyze the data provided by the participants during the focus groups. The key findings indicated a lack of proper identification tools and specialized services for this community. Findings can be used to recommend social change efforts, which included increasing communication about the victims between jurisdictions and communications with policy makers and service providers regarding the need to develop and implement training on various related topics.
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Law, Tuulia. "Not a Sob Story: Transitioning Out of Sex Work." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20095.
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Although it has been argued that indoor workers in fact make up the majority of the sex industry, most of the literature on the transition out of sex work has looked at street-based workers. This interview-based qualitative research project aims to fill that gap. As such, this thesis examines the trajectories, challenges and strategies of women who transitioned or are in the process of transitioning from criminalized indoor sex work (escorting, erotic massage and domination) to the mainstream labour market. Using Ebaugh’s role exit theory and Goffman’s conceptualization of stigma, intersectional feminist analysis and labour theory, I position the transition as a re-negotiation of self, involving conflicts in identity and class location. My findings suggest that the transition out of sex work is characterized by multiple, parallel work trajectories, wherein the women were successfully able to transfer skills they had acquired in sex work to the mainstream labour market.
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Jenkins, Suzanne. "Beyond gender : an examination of exploitation in sex work." Thesis, Keele University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499356.
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Although there are conflicting perspectives on prostitution in the feminist literature, female prostitutes are usually regarded as victims of gender-specific exploitation, either in the form of sexual domination or socio-economic inequality. Male prostitution has usually been excluded from feminist analyses on the basis that it is thought to be less exploitative than female prostitution. In this thesis, I expand upon feminist theories of gendered exploitation by comparing the experiences of male, female and transgendered escort sex workers. Using a qualitative approach, my research explores whether prostitution is inherently exploitative and what It conditions create and exacerbate sex workers' vulnerability to victimisation, including the influence of current legal approaches to prostitution.
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Sheppard, Leah D. "Sisters at arms : female same-sex conflict at work." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46674.
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I propose and test portions of a two-stage model that investigates the pervasive belief that women have more dysfunctional same-sex workplace relationships than men. In the first stage of this model, I assume that female same-sex conflict transpires more frequently than male same-sex conflict and make a series of propositions about why this might be the case. For example, I propose that perhaps women react worse than men to non-communal women in workplace contexts, which then sets the stage for enhanced conflict. In the second stage, I set aside consideration of gender differences in same-sex conflict frequency and discuss why female same-sex conflict might simply be problematized by third parties relative to male same-sex conflict.
I conducted five studies to determine which of these two explanations best accounts for the belief that women have more dysfunctional same-sex workplace relationships than men. In Chapter 1, I present the entirety of the model, and associated propositions, that I have developed as the basis for my dissertation and future research. In Chapter 2, I present the results of two scenario studies, which, taken together suggest that third parties view female same-sex conflict as more person-related (e.g., caused by interpersonal disliking) (Study 1) and more disruptive to relationship quality and work-related attitudes (Study 2) than male same-sex conflict. In Chapter 3, I turn to first parties’ perceptions in order to test the first stage of my model. Study 3 provides support for my proposition that women react worse than men to non-communal women, and that this leads to greater collective threat. Study 4, however, demonstrated that men and women did not experience different frequencies of same-sex conflict, nor did their same-sex conflict differ in meaningful ways. Finally, Study 5 demonstrated that individuals did not generally report more or less negative outcomes of workplace conflict as a function of their gender and the gender of their co-party in conflict.
Overall, the results of my dissertation are more suggestive of a generalized problematization of female same-sex workplace conflict (relative to male same-sex conflict) than they are of a generalized dysfunction within women’s same-sex workplace relationships.
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Pöll, Laura Victoria Mercedes. "Intimate realities and boundary-work in relationships without sex." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13127/.
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This thesis is the culmination of a qualitative social research project on the experiences of people in relationships without sex. Theoretically and ideologically grounded in Queer and Borderland Theories, my premise rests on the view that intimate relationships are a product of and subject to a culture of normativities in regards to sex and relating, with relationships without sex as disavowing the tenet of compulsory sexuality. In conjunction with the multiplicity of identities and practices this entails, I view relationships without sex and the people involved in them as being situated in the space between normative and non-normative sexual culture. Intelligibility, contextualised lived realities, their social-discursive construction, and conceptual boundarywork are key factors in highlighting the heterogeneity and intricacies of relating without sex. My participant cohort is made up of 13 individuals who, within a narrative interview framework, spoke about their relationships, identities, everyday experiences, challenges, (sub)cultural belongings, and conceptualisations of sex and intimacies. I very intentionally included accounts that highlight the possibility of not wanting sex by virtue of preference and/or identity, as well as realities in which people do not have sex for different – circumstance- or choice-based – reasons. An analysis of interview data forms the basis for findings that cast relationships without sex as an undertheorised, but incredibly rich topic of study with implications for refocusing both theoretical and qualitative work on intimacies due to calling into question socio-cultural expectations around sex being universally desired and always featured in significant (‘partner’) relationships. In this project specifically, relationships without sex sparked careful engagements with matters of intelligibility and how to achieve it when sex is usually assumed as a given; with the relationship between practice and identity; with sex as an integral constitutive, but far-from-fixed concept in relationships without; with various conditions that intersect to enable or constrain ways of relating without sex; as well as with existing relationship paradigms that structure fields of action and possibility in regards to different modes of relating.
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Olsson, Tobias. "Vad hände sen? : En studie om ett arbetskarriärprojekts effekt för sex ungdomar i norra Botkyrka." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1135.
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Mellow, Muriel 1960. "Defining work : gender, professional work, and the case of rural clergy." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36655.
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The goal of this thesis is to question conventional definitions of work through the detailed study of a professional group---specifically rural clergy---whose work falls outside the parameters of accepted definitions of work. According to the feminist literature, work and non-work are differentiated typically by dichotomies which privilege a masculine model of work and devalue women's experience; thus, "real work" is defined as an activity which is paid rather than unpaid, public rather than private, instrumental and intellectual rather than emotional. Professional work definitions also obscure the way in which "work" relies on activities which are linked with the feminine in these dichotomies. Through in-depth qualitative interviews with rural clergy, I explore the extent to which women and men draw on these gendered dichotomies to define work. In some ways, the approach of clergy counters conventional work norms: for them, emotional labour is a priority, work is not limited to a specific time or place, and public and private lives frequently overlap. I demonstrate how clergy define their work in terms of obligation, context, visibility, and time. Furthermore, I also argue that clergy delineate work in terms which still reflect a masculinized work norm specific to their profession. This "clergy masculinized mode" professionalises emotional labour by separating it from the facilitating work of female volunteers; it assumes a worker free from domestic demands in order to fulfil professional obligations within a flexible time frame; and it overlooks how the overlap of the public and private spheres is sustained by the work of wives. Thus, delineating work is particularly problematic for female clergy because professional demands are confounded with demands for adjunct work typically performed by women. My findings (1) highlight alternative markers of work which are suggestive for feminist theory; (2) point to a gap in theorizing about the gendering of work when con
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Deering, Kathleen Nicole. "The structure of sex work : variability in the numbers and types of sex partners of female sex workers in southern India." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33978.
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Background and objectives: There is limited knowledge of sexual structure (i.e., the numbers, types and distributions of sex partners and patterns of sexual contact) and its relationship with HIV infection and prevention among female sex workers (FSWs). The objectives of this study were therefore: to examine the social and environmental factors associated with the numbers of clients of FSWs; to characterize heterogeneity in sexual structure and assess how sexual structure influences HIV prevalence; and to examine the impact of an HIV intervention on condom use by different partners (clients, intimate partners), as reported by FSWs.
Methods: This study used data collected from FSWs and clients in Karnataka state, southern India as part of the Avahan AIDS Initiative, an ongoing large-scale HIV intervention. Bivariate and multivariable statistical techniques were used to examine the relationships between two outcomes (numbers of clients and condom use) and key social and environmental factors, including exposure to the Avahan intervention. A deterministic compartmental mathematical model was developed to understand how sexual structure influenced HIV prevalence on a population level.
Results: Sexual structure displayed substantial geographic variation across districts in Karnataka. The most common predictors of higher rates of clients were a reliance on sex work as sole income, younger age, and being single or cohabiting as compared to married. The effect of the solicitation environment (e.g., brothels, public places, homes) varied by district. Intervention exposure was associated with increased condom use by FSWs’ clients, but not their intimate partners. Mathematical modelling identified sexual structure parameters with the largest influence on increasing (numbers of clients of FSWs; numbers of visits to FSWs by clients; frequency of sex acts with repeat clients) and decreasing (duration of the repeat FSW-client partnership; fraction of repeat clients) HIV prevalence within and across districts.
Conclusions: Differences in the sexual structure of FSWs and their commercial clients have important implications for HIV transmission dynamics. In light of findings related to both differences in sexual structure across districts and the impact of an intervention on condom use by different partners of FSWs, HIV prevention planners need to tailor interventions to respond to local contexts.
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Eden, Peter. ""Sex industry" worlds : massage parlours, escort agencies, and the social organisation of sex work in Christchurch." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Sociology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4661.
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This thesis embeds the dyadic sex worker-client relationship in the wider
network structures and practices of the 'sex industry' in Christchurch. It
details the actual practices of owners and managers of sex businesses in the
different organisational forms of massage parlours and escort agencies. The
thesis argues that the 'sex industry' has emerged from the complex
relationships which have developed between sex businesses, sex workers, legal
statutes, police enforcement practices, and sex worker organisations in a
context shaped by responses to the risk of HIV virus and AIDS in the 'sex
industry'. The thesis concludes with a brief exploration of the dilemmas
confronting those advocating the decriminalisation of prostitution activities.
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Crinis, Vicki Denese. "The silence and fantasy of women and work." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050303.160625/index.html.
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Laidlaw, Leon. "'Playing Two People': Exploring Trans Women's Experiences in Sex Work." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36706.
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When not invisibilized in society, transgender women are subject to pervasive transphobia in the social sphere and encounter devastating discrimination across the institutions. In light of discrimination in the mainstream job market, many look to the sex industry for a source of income. In fact, trans women have long ties to the sex work community and have been foundational to the sex workers rights movement, engaging in activism predating Stonewall. Yet, the experiences of trans women who sell sex remain largely overlooked in historical retellings and social science research on sex work. By creating space for the voices of those who have long gone unheard – conducting in-depth interviews with seven transgender women who sell sex – this thesis seeks to move beyond the dominant narrative of sex workers and bring greater attention to their unique experiences.
This thesis explores the experiences of trans women in sex work as it relates to their labour practices and processes, engagement with the criminal justice system, and health and access to health and social services. Challenging the ways in which norms have been produced and sustained under the guise of ‘truth’, this thesis applies the concepts intersectionality and stigma to explore how experience is conditioned by the environment of oppression – at the intersection of sexism and cisgenderism – and the social judgment and marginalization of sex workers. Alongside navigating through the hardships associated with the criminalization and stigmatization of sex work, trans women who sell sex are subject to intensified violence, discrimination and oppression on the basis of gender. Amidst the height of the trans rights movement and in light of the recent amendments to federal legislation that protects trans Canadians from discrimination, this thesis considers what is warranted to achieve social change. Reflecting on history and looking to the future, it is imperative that the trans and sex worker communities forge stronger bonds in their battle for rights.
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Blackwell, Louisa. "Occupational sex-segregation and part-time work in modern Britain." Thesis, City University London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266292.
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Piqueiras, Eduardo. "Commodified Risk: Masculinity and Male Sex Work in New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1660.
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In this research I examine the complexity of male sexuality and masculinity among male sex workers in New Orleans. Despite danger to their health and social standing, men engage in risky sexual behavior with other men for both business and pleasure. These behaviors may stem from the thrill of risk itself, or from other causes such as unexplored sexual inhibitions on the part of the male sex workers or their clients. Focusing on male sex workers, this ethnographic study explores why male sex workers engage in work that is high risk and potentially very dangerous. It examines the world of male sex work as one of the few places where men who adopt homosexual identity and those who refuse it are in intimate contact with one another. It offers us the opportunity to address questions about male sexual identity and homosexual desire, while attempting to understand the commodified spatial practices of a sexual culture in New Orleans.
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Kielsmeier, Kaitlyn J. "Sex-Specific Metabolic Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Sprint Work." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1435236876.
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Cheung, Nga. "Accounting for and managing risk in sex work : a study of female sex workers in Hong Kong." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2012. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/1f9e8dcf-7666-1fe1-5036-0f9fef15b9d0/9/.
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This thesis considers how in the course of their work female sex workers in Hong Kong experience risk. It concerns the indoor side of the sex market, an area which has so far been largely ignored in studies on commercial sex. The focus is on women working independently from flats. Focusing on women's own accounts of work-related risks, risky behaviour and coping strategies, this study investigates sex workers' reflexive understandings of prostitution and their occupational risk in late modern societies. The study emphasises the social, cultural, interactional and situational context, to understand the ways in which women involved in sex work conceptualise and respond to risk. There are three main themes emerge in sex workers' accounts. The first one is sexual health and diseases. In this empirical chapter, the main focus is on the flat-working women's accounts of themselves and their risk-taking (or risk-avoiding) behaviour in (potentially) risky situations, where, for example, unprotected sex has occurred. The findings suggest that, despite sex workers are being frequently seen as most susceptible to sexual health problems, the social norms which exist among sex workers and their clients play a crucial role in enabling sex workers to gain control over the sexual encounter and avoid risk behaviour. The next theme is violence against sex workers. Findings suggest that what violent crime symbolises in the context of sex work is that some women are beneath contempt because of their working identity. It is more “acceptable” to perpetrate violence against sex workers because this group is set apart from women in other service occupations. The last theme is concerned with sex workers' accounts of their emotional experiences at work, which mainly explores how social and cultural factors influence individuals' interpretation and accounts of their emotions. Accounts given by women demonstrate that many of them seemingly did not conceive their involvement in the sex business as “wrong”. Nevertheless, because sex work is still largely marginalised and stigmatised in Chinese societies, they might experience unpleasant emotions which were mostly related to the “whore” stigma.
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Dasgupta, Shruti. "Experiences of Violence and Sex Work among Women Sex Workers in West Bengal, India: A Narrative Analysis." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1524159000871492.
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Vistrand, Cecilia. "Rätten till sex på ålderns höst." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-32795.
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Många äldre personer har sexuella behov och är sexuellt aktiva, men trots detta finns det en allmän föreställning om att sexualiteten avtar med stigande ålder. För äldre personer som befinner sig i ett omsorgsbehov är sexuella uttryck och behov något som ofta förbises inom äldreomsorgen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vårdpersonals attityder och förhållningsätt till äldres sexualitet. Det empiriska materialet har inhämtats dels genom en fokusgruppsintervju med fem vårdpersonal verksamma inom äldreomsorgen och dels genom en enkätundersökning riktad till vårdpersonal på särskilda boenden för äldre. Resultaten visar att äldre har sexuella behov men att behoven oftast uppenbarar sig i andra typer av uttryck eller känslor. Personalens inställning och äldres demenssjukdomar visade sig vara avgörande faktorer som begränsar äldres utrymme till sin sexualitet. Resultaten visar även att lyhördhet och att finnas i närheten blev viktiga strategier för att hantera och bemöta äldres sexuella behov men att det föreligger en bristande kunskap och ett behov av ökad kompetens och vägledning gällande dessa frågor.<br><p>2018-01-30</p>
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Zangger, Catherine. "For better or worse? : decriminalisation, work conditions, and indoor sex work in Auckland, New Zealand/Aotearoa." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56248.
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Internationally, sex workers and other people who participate in the sex industry remain subjected to social, economic, and political inequalities on a daily basis. While decriminalisation has been championed by sex workers and advocates in Canada and elsewhere, New Zealand remains the only country to have implemented this model, which is arguably the most conducive to improving the work conditions for sex workers. More than a decade post-decriminalisation, we have scant knowledge on what criteria sex workers use to choose what sectors to work from and the labour conditions existing in those locations. In this case study, I built upon anti-colonial and feminist literature by conducting in-depth interviews with 30 indoor sex workers and 10 managers to discover the advantages and pitfalls to working in the sex industry in Auckland. Placing sex workers’ voices centre stage, I explore what motivates their involvement in sex work and the meanings they attach to their work. Second, I describe the work conditions experienced within the managed sector of the sex industry, with a focus on the relations between sex workers and managers. Lastly, I further the understanding of working conditions experienced in the private sector, and private workers’ ability to create their ideal work environment within a decriminalised context, specifically worker-run cooperatives. I found that sex workers seek greater autonomy over their work processes but that constraining dynamics prevent them from doing so. These dynamics include the whore stigma, discrimination outside of the sex work community, and the presence of restrictive by-laws. Overall, my participants described a disjuncture between the rights granted by the 2003 change in law and their lived experiences that jeopardized their occupational well-being. I provide social and policy recommendations for areas related to stigma and working environments.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Sociology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Asher, Jeff A. "Dirty Work and Courtesy Stigma: Stigma Management Techniques among Professionals who Work with Juvenile Sex Offenders." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1416570411.
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Mashumba, Lesedi. "The pursuit of sex through tourism in Africa: An exploration of the experiences, perceptions and attitudes of male sex workers servicing sex tourists in Botswana." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207884/1/Lesedi_Mashumba_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis investigates the experiences, attitudes and perceptions of gender, sexuality, race, and victimisation in male sex workers' interactions with sex tourists in Botswana. The correlation between sex work and sex tourism is very complex, especially in the African context where denial of its existence is entangled with religious disapproval and politicisation. Local dynamics are explored to understand how these cross-national interactions influence the practice and perceptions of male sex work in Botswana. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with male sex workers, support groups and the police as important actors in a semi-criminalised and ambiguous legal system in Botswana.
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Adrian, Magdalena. "Integrationsprocessen och invandrare : Intervjuundersökning med sex invandrarkvinnor." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5101.
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<p>I denna uppsats har jag använt mig av en kvalitativ metod. Data har samlats in genom intervjuer som har behandlat integrationsprocessen utifrån invandrare perspektiv. I dessa intervjuer har jag använt mig av en intervjuguide. Jag valde ut sex kvinnor med invandrar bakgrund som vistats i Sverige från fyra till närmare tjugo år. Syftet var att ge en inblick i integrationsprocessen utifrån invandrarens perspektiv där bemötande från samhällets sida, språkkompetens och socialt nätverk ingår. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna utgick ifrån social integration. Vidare fortsatte jag med symbolisk interaktionism där fokus läggs på språk och mening. Jag fokuserade också på social kategorisering, socialisation och Erikssons identitetsteori. Mitt resultat visade att deltagande och tillhörighet till olika grupper i samhället bidrar till att individer upplever sig som delaktiga och genom det integrerade i det svenska samhället. I detta fall där socialt nätverk består av både landsmän och svenskarna kan det ha positiv inverkan på socialisationsprocessen i Sverige. När det gäller bemötande visade resultatet att svenskarna bemöter invandrare olika beroende på situationen. Det framkom även att bra kunskaper i svenska är avgörande för en lyckad integration.</p>
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McCracken, Jill Linnette. "Listening to the Language of Sex Workers: An Analysis of Street Sex Worker Representations and Their Effects on Sex Workers and Society." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194013.
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This dissertation argues that the material conditions of many street sex workers--the physical environments they live in and their effects on the workers' bodies, identities, and spirits--are represented, reproduced, and entrenched in the language surrounding their work. My research is an ethnographic case study of a local system that can be extrapolated to other subcultures and the construction of identities, while situating sex work and the industry as rhetorical constructions. My research offers an example of how an examination of the signs and symbols that comprise "material conditions" can be rhetorically analyzed in order to better understand how goals, agendas, interests, and ideologies are represented and implemented through language.Located central to my analysis are the street sex workers' voices. I use an ideological rhetorical analysis, or rhetorically--the study of how language shapes and is shaped by cultures, institutions, and the individuals within them, and ideologically--the identification and examination of the underlying assumptions of communicative interactions. I delineate how these material conditions are reproduced and, at times, subverted, and I offer an outline for modifying the discourse used in policy in ways that are more empowering and authentic to sex workers' lives.Policy makers, activists, and academics, among others, wrestle with complicated issues to analyze and write laws and policies and to design social services. Discourse is always at the center of these struggles. Because my study investigates the language of policy-making and the people who forge it, it has implications for ethics and policy in relation to gender studies, cultural studies, and ethnographic research.Examining the rhetorical constructions and interactions and their related effects on policy elucidates the discursive complexity that exists in meaning-making systems. This analysis also offers an explanation of how constructions can be made differently in order to achieve representations that are generated by the marginalized populations themselves, while placing responsibility for this marginalization on the society in which these people live.
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Weber, Amanda M. "Choice, Circumstance, or Coercion: Prostitution Stigma's Effects on Mental Health Professionals' Perceptions of Sex Workers and Sex Work." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108788.
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Thesis advisor: Janet E. Helms<br>Historically, psychological theory and mental health researchers have viewed sex work as inherently harmful to sex workers and capable of producing negative mental and physical health effects (Sprankle et al., 2018). Moreover, research focused on clinicians’ expectations for sex workers in therapy has not specifically examined clinicians’ attitudes toward sex workers or sex work as separate concepts (Benoit et al., 2015; Koken, 2011; Ma et al., 2017). In addition, mental health professionals may not view sex work as legitimate work because of the virtual lack of evidence-based theoretical frameworks for guiding therapy for sex workers, and, therefore, may use prostitution stigma as a substitute for theory (Krumrei-Mancuso, 2017; Williamson & Cluse-Tolar, 2002). The present study investigated the extent to which mental health professionals’ expectations of sex work and sex workers were related to prostitution stigma and their perceptions of sex workers’ overall mental health and evaluations of sex work as decent work. In particular, the study investigated the extent to which mental health professionals stigmatized the work of sex workers. Mental health professionals (N = 201) read a clinical vignette and completed an online survey containing a demographic information sheet, the Attitudes Toward Prostitutes and Prostitution Scale (Levin & Peled, 2011); (c) the Decent Work Scale (Duffy et al., 2017), (d) the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond & Snaith, 1986), and (e) the PTSD-8 (Hansen et al., 2010). Results from multivariate multiple regression analyses supported that when mental health professionals held higher levels of stigma towards sex work and sex workers, they may diagnose the client with higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Further, the results supported that endorsement of a feminist orientation moderated the relationship between sex work stigma and diagnosis clients’ PTSD avoidance symptoms. The discussion included methodological limitations and implications for research and practice<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education<br>Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
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Peters, Simone. ""But sex work is good but I don't want to do it": Black men's narrative of selling sex." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27923.
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Sex work within the South African context has become a much contested issue; with different perspectives emerging on the topic from various stakeholders. Sex work in South Africa, takes place in a complex context of poverty and lack of jobs, which plays a part in men's entry into the profession. While much research has been done on sex work, it has tended to focus on female sex workers, to the detriment of male sex workers. Male sex workers have been made invisible in the literature on sex work and their experiences are thus not adequately presented. This research however hopes to gain insight into Black men's experiences of sex work in Cape Town. Narrative interviews were used to investigate the experiences of 16 black male sex workers, from SWEAT, a Cape Town based NGO. All the interviews were analysed using a combination of an intersectional and narrative approach, to best understand the complexities and different factors that shape their lived experiences. Through this analysis, many complexities and tensions within male sex workers' experiences were found. Their experiences of entry and exit from sex work have and continue to be shaped by their race, age, socio economic status and gender. As men in this profession, they encounter many challenges and judgement, however being a man has also provided them with advantages not afforded to female sex workers. These findings are then discussed in relation to the existing literature and recommendations for future research and interventions are offered.
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Halland, Joni. "Narratives of sex work : exploring stories of entry, experience and meaning." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10638.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-94).<br>Research into the reasons why sex workers enter and stay in sex work has largely viewed entry from perspectives of either choice or constraint. Choice perspectives attribute entry to reasons such as female agency and empowerment, and social and financial independence, while constraint perspectives attribute entry to reasons such as economic necessity, drug and alcohol abuse, childhood sexual abuse, lack of education and job opportunity, and homelessness and truancy.
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Dunn, Jennifer C. "Legal Prostitution as Sex Work: Discourses of the Moonlite Bunny Ranch." View abstract, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3371481.
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Gurd, Amy M. "Imagined ruralities and the spatial regulation of sex work in Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/115070/1/115070_6336272_amy_gurd_thesis.pdf.
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This research examines the importance of space as a socially constructed concept in political discourse on sex work. In particular, this thesis analyses the extent to which the rural imaginary, and its related values of Christian conservatism, and monogamous heterosexual families, has influenced the creation of the brothel exemption provision in state sex work legislation for small rural towns in Queensland, Australia. The findings of the research indicate that rural and urban political attitudes to sex work are inherently similar, ranging from a moral threat, to a public nuisance or to a grudging acceptance. The thesis argues that the concerns raised by rural political representatives regarding sex work in rural contexts are most indicative of their anxieties about the transformation of 'traditional' rural spaces to modern urban spaces. Sex work thus becomes an exemplar of the disruption that the urban can make to the rural.
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Campbell, Joan. "Parent orientated sex education for pre-school children." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52393.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to present guidelines for the composition of a parent
orientated sex education programme for pre-school children. An exploratory study
was undertaken to describe and investigate the nature and extent of parental sex
education to pre-school children. The investigation was done by first exploring
existing research literature and describing it. The empirical study was based upon
both the literature study and mothers' opinions on sex education.
Pre-school children are disproportionately !ll0re likely to be sexually abused with
devastating consequences which result in behavioural and emotional problems
throughout their lives. The ultimate responsibility of prevention of child sexual abuse
should be with the parent. However, two problems persist. Firstly, parents are often
the perpetrators and therefore it is not justified to leave the responsibility solely to the
parents. Secondly, parents who want to teach their children prevention strategies
often lack the skills and knowledge.
Therefore, the concept of a prevention structure in which the child can live and find
support should be put into practice by the school. Prevention strategies should
include sex education, a neutral home environment and a safe environment for
disclosure of sexual abuse. This prevention structure should include the teacher, the
social worker and the parent. These three components should support each other to
implement an atmosphere of prevention and healthy sexual development. Linking and inter-dependence are important because there is always a possibility that one of
the participants may be corrupt.
Social workers should provide an effective basis for a personal safety programme to
parents which should be supported and facilitated by schools. Training parents to
become sex educators encourages better parent-child communication, builds the
family support network, and has an impact on the ability of the family to deal more
positively with sexual concerns. This does not only result in the prevention of sexual
abuse but also contributes to the healthy sexual functioning, development and
understanding of the sexuality of pre-school children. Through parent orientated sex
education, parents can also dispel sexual myths and misinformation that their preschool
children gain from peers and other sources.
Despite the increasing public awareness devoted to sexual abuse and the advantage
of sex education, a formal prevention education structure has not yet been
implemented for pre-school children in South Africa.
The first objective of this study was to describe and investigate the extent of parental
sex education presented to pre-school children. The second objective was to
investigate the acceptability of a sex education programme for pre-school children.
The third objective was to describe the physical and sexual boundaries existing in the
home environments of parents of pre-school children and finally to determine the
sexual behaviours of pre-school children, which parents regard as acceptable. The main conclusions, based on the findings of the study, indicated that parents
were in favour of sex education for pre-school children and that they require more
information which would empower them to sex educate their pre-school children at
home. They were also in favour of a classroom-based sex education programme.
In conclusion it is recommended that a sex education programme is to be
implemented at pre-schools for parents of pre-school children, as well as a
classroom based sex education and a personal safety programme for pre-school
children.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die navorsing is om moontlike riglyne vir 'n ouer-georiënteerde
seksopvoedingsprogram vir pre-primêre kinders saam te stel. 'n Verkennende studie
is onderneem om die omvang en aard van ouer-georiënteerde seksopvoeding vir
pre-primêre kinders te ondersoek. Verder is bestaande navorsingsliteratuur
bestudeer en beskryf. Die empiriese ondersoek wat daarop volg, is gebaseer op
sowel die literatuurstudie as moeders se menings oor seksvoorligting.
Pre-primêre kinders het 'n groter kans om seksueel gemolesteer te word wat kan lei
tot die ervaring van emosionele- en gedragsprobleme, met vernietigende gevolge vir
die res van hul lewens. Die uiteindelike verantwoordelikheid om die kind teen
molestering te beskerm, berus by die ouers. Dit skep egter twee probleme. Ten
eerste is die ouer dikwels self die oortreder en daarom kan die verantwoordelikheid
nie uitsluitlik by die ouer berus nie. Tweedens, is die ouers wat wel seksopvoeding
aan hul kinders wil bied, dikwels weens 'n gebrek aan kennis en vaardighede,
onbevoeg om dit te doen.
Dit is daarom die skool se verantwoordelikheid om 'n voorkomende struktuur te skep
waarin die kind kan leef en ondersteuning kan vind. 'n Voorkomende strategie moet
seksvoorligting, 'n neutrale leefruimte sowel as 'n veilige omgewing vir die
bekendmaking van seksuele molestering insluit. Hierdie voorkomende struktuur moet
die onderwyser, die maatskaplike werker en die ouer betrek. Hierdie drie komponente moet mekaar ondersteun om "n atmosfeer van voorkoming en gesonde
seksuele ontwikkeling te implimenteer. Aangesien die integriteit van die partye nie
gewaarborg kan word nie, is noue skakeling en interafhanklikheid van die drie
komponente belangrik.
Maatskaplike werkers behoort "n effektiewe persoonlike veiligheidsprogram, wat deur
die skool ondersteun en gefasiliteer word, aan die ouers te voorsien. Ouers as
seksvoorligters bevorder die kommunikasie tussen ouer en kind, verstewig die
ondersteuningsnetwerk van die gesin en ontwikkel die vermoë om seksuele
aangeleenthede openlik te hanteer. Gevolglik word seksuele molestering voorkom
en gesonde seksuele funksionering bevorder. Die ouer verkry ook insig in die
seksuele ontwikkeling van die pre-primêre kind. Deur middel van ouer-georiënteerde
seksvoorliging, kan ouers mites en verkeerde inligting, wat dikwels deur die
portuurgroep oorgedra word, regstel.
Ten spyte van die toenemende mediadekking en bewuswording van die voordeel
van seksopvoeding, is daar nog geen formele opvoedkundige voorkomende
veiligheidsprogram in Suid-Afrika geïmplementeer nie.
Die eerste doelwit van die studie was om die omvang en aard van pre-primêre
kinders se seksuele opvoeding te ondersoek. Die tweede doelwit was om ouers se
aanvaarding van seksvoorligting van pre-primêre kinders te ondersoek; die derde
doelwit was om die fisiese en seksuele grense in die huislike omgewing te ondersoek
en laastens, om aanvaarbare seksuele gedrag van pre-primêre kinders te
ondersoek. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat ouers wel ten gunste is van ouergeoriënteerde
seksvoorligting vir pre-primêre kinders en dat hulle die behoefte het
aan leiding om dit te doen. Die ouers is ook ten gunste van die aanbieding van
seksvoorligting in die klaskamer.
Daar word aanbeveel dat 'n veiligheidsprogram, wat 'n ouer-georiënteerde
seksvoorligtingsprogram vir ouers van pre-primêre kinders, sowel as seksvoorligting
in die klas behels, in skole geïmplimenteer moet word.
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Wotton, Rachel Ann. "Sex workers who provide services to clients with disability in New South Wales, Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16875.
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Aims: Sexuality and sexual needs/desires of people with disability have historically been overlooked amongst the general public. Long standing social attitudes and stereotypes have fundamentally dictated that people with disabilities cannot and should not express their sexual agency. In particular, when people with disability have sought to express their sexual needs via the services of a sex worker, this has tended to provoke much social and political ire. This research is an exploratory study about sex workers who provide services to clients with disability. The aim of this research is to identify the nature and extent of such activities to produce empirical data to support anecdotal evidence and recent emerging research in this field. Method: This exploratory online survey asked sex workers who worked in New South Wales (NSW) to share their experiences of providing services to clients with disability. This included the frequency, type and range of services provided, location of service delivery and how clients made contact. Questions were asked regarding third party assistance and the identification of any barriers or challenges faced by sex workers. The survey also encouraged sex workers to share personal reflections on what they thought were the most positive aspects of their work. Results: The findings, from 65 respondents, indicate that sex workers in NSW have provided a wide range of sexual services to clients with disability across the state. The sex workers’ ages ranged from 21 to 61 years, identifying as either female, male or transgender. Services were provided in varied locations including brothels, massage parlours, private homes, hotels, nursing homes, the client’s hospital room or their client’s group home/ supported accommodation. Their clients’ disabilities were quite expansive, spanned both physical and cognitive disabilities and acquired and congenital disabilities. A number of issues and barriers were identified that concerned the client, carers, support staff and / or family and friends of the client. Forty seven sex workers shared their personal perspectives of what they considered the most positive aspects in providing services to clients with disability. Conclusions: The respondents’ narratives revealed their professional enthusiasm with interacting with clients with disability. This includes a desire to have further training and support to alleviate barriers and challenging situations that impede clear communication and supportive pathways between themselves and their clients. These results also contribute to an awareness of how decriminalisation can provide a supportive environment for this to occur. This study builds upon an expanding body of work that can be used to educate and influence the future development of training and awareness workshops for sex workers, disability services provider, clients with a disability, academics, policy makers and the general public.
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Pearson, Hilary Mary. "Women's work behaviour : an exploration of sex role socialization, changing structures of opportunity, and women's work behaviour." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26587.
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Current theories of career development are moving toward a holistic, ecological framework (Rapoport & Rapoport, 1980; Super, 1980; Young, 1984a). Recently, attempts have been made to develop a comprehensive model of career behaviour that will articulate the dynamic relationship that exists between individuals and their environment (Astin, 1984; Farmer, 1985).
Astin (1984) suggests that changes in work behaviour (at both the individual and group level) are affected by the complex and co-determining relationship that exists between socialization processes and the environmental structure of opportunity. The present exploratory research is a beginning toward validating Astin's model and describing the impact of social change on women's work behaviour.
The study examined differences in the reported sex role socialization and current work behaviour of female clerical/secretarial workers at the University of British Columbia, volunteers were selected according to two specific age groups: women born prior to 1940 (45-55 year olds) and women born after 1950 (25-35 year olds). It was hypothesized that younger women would have experienced a more liberal/egalitarian socialization than mature women and that the two groups would be significantly different on three measures of work behaviour (namely Personality Orientation, Work values and Attitudes Toward Married Women's Employment). Univariate analyses of variance were calculated to test the null hypothesis in each case. Spearman Rank correlation coefficients were calculated to examine relationships between scores on the socialization and work behaviour measures paired with four demographic variables (education, total household income, marital status and parental status). Descriptive data gathered during the study provided information about participants' role priorities and role investment in six life areas - Employment, Education, Marriage/ Partnership, Children, Self and Other.
Results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the reported sex role socialization of the two groups at the .05 level of statistical significance. Younger women reported their socialization to have been significantly more liberal than that of mature women. No statistically significant differences were found to exist between the groups on the three measures of work behaviour. Descriptive data relating to women's role priorities and role investment showed a similar pattern of response in both groups. Qualitative data highlighted the dynamic tension that existed between participants' employment,familial and social roles.
The correlational design of the study made it impossible to attribute causality or make definitive statements about the nature of the interaction between socialization processes and structure of opportunity variables. It was suggested, however, that the findings lend indirect support to Astin's (1984) model. Results corroborate existing evidence about the dynamic quality of socialization processes. They also imply that expectations based on sex role socialization experiences are open to modification through interaction with the environment.
The study concluded with a discussion of the implications for future research and suggestions for the vocational counseling of women from a life style perspective.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Evans, Catrin. "Commercial sex work and sexual health : an ethnographic study of HIV prevention among female commercial sex workers in Calcutta." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2000. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682301/.
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This thesis presents the results of ethnographic research conducted from 1995 to 1997 among sex workers in two Calcutta redlight areas where a STD/HIV Intervention Project (SHIP) is being implemented. The thesis provides an in-depth study of sex workers' lives, their concepts of sexual health and their relationship to the SHIP. This material is used to critically consider a number of key concepts currently informing HIV prevention practice, specifically, sexual health, community participation, empowerment and behaviour change. Initial chapters set the background to the study and describe the complex world of the Calcutta sex trade and sex workers' struggle to construct a meaningful social identity. Subsequent chapters consider sex workers' and other actors' varying responses to, and interpretations of, the SHIP. These are related to an analysis of the process of project implementation, revealing the context-dependent, strategic, meaningful and contested nature of community, identity, participation and empowerment, and also highlighting the significance of different constructions of agency for the ways in which these concepts are expressed by different actors. The thesis goes on to examine sex workers' own (vis a vis biomedical) perceptions of sexual health and, drawing upon the SHIP as an example, analyses the representations, meanings and strategic uses of different kinds of knowledge and its perceived role in behaviour change. The next chapter looks at the varying meanings that sexual practices take on for sex workers in the context of their social and occupational position. It examines women's strategies around safer sex and uses this material to critique conventional theories of behaviour change, arguing for a perspective that acknowledges sex workers' agency yet recognizes the ways in which its expression is shaped and constrained by micro and macro level socio-cultural and economic forces. The thesis concludes by arguing that in-depth ethnographic research on sex workers' lives combined with a contextually embedded analysis of the processes and meanings of an intervention yields important insights for understanding, developing and replicating effective HIV prevention initiatives among this group.
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Herrera, Cynthia Lopez. "Sex education workshops for Latino/a parents of adolescents| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523300.
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<p> The purpose of the grant was to fund sex education workshops for the parents and or caregivers of adolescents who qualify for services at INMED Partnership for Children in Compton, California. The aim of the workshops was to educate Latino parents about basic sex education and go into detail about SID and pregnancy prevention. illtimately, the goal was to create a resource within the home to serve as the first buffer against Latino/a adolescent pregnancy and SIDs. The host agency, INMED Partnership for Children, was found through a search utilizing 2ll.org. The California Wellness Foundation was selected as the funder for this project. Actual submission and/or funding of this grant was not a requirement for the successful completion of this project.</p>
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Yuon, Fuk-lung Eric. "An investigation of gender inequality in the social work field in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128407.
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Fettro, Marshal Neal. "Men's and Women's Time Use: Comparing Same-Sex and Different-Sex Couples." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1530144962678369.
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Lasonen, Johanna L. "Finnish comprehensive vocational institute teachers' sex-role attitudes." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252008-162611/.
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Grooteman, Lisa. "It’s my Body, my Life : Prejudices around Sex Work in the Netherlands." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-107072.
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This is an queer theoretical intersectional feminist study about sex workers experiences and the prejudices they face in the Netherlands. Dutch sex workers do no get the same chances and opportunities as other workers in society. So, the overarching research problem of this study is the consequences of certain discourses that confine Dutch sex workers in their lives. The thesis aims that people will critically reflect upon this study and that they will take into account the different discourses and the non-uniformity of sex workers and sex work, in other words, to create awareness and a better understanding of the complex, diverse and various groups of sex workers and the sex industry. This study consists of two research methods: literature review and interview study. The literature review consists of the previous research and the theoretical framework. The theoretical framework presents discourse and stigma as part of respectability. Discourse as systems of thinking, which effects and affects. Also this study presents respectability, in relation to the so-called non-respectable bodies of sex workers and the missing respect and dignity towards sex workers, as well as stigma as part of respectability, as the experience deviant from the normative discourse. The interview study consists of four semi-structured interviews, conducted both online and face-to-face with four Dutch participants. The method thematic content analysis was applied to code the interview transcripts and divide the content into themes and sub-themes. The three main themes are: the discourses around sex work, the consequences of the discourses around sex work and sex work as a form of labour. Under these main themes I present related sub-themes. In the analysis the participants share their stories about the negative attitude from people towards their profession, this negative attitude manifested itself in different ways. According to the participants, this negative attitude, or so-called stigma, confines sex workers in their personal and professional lives.