Academic literature on the topic 'Sexism in language. English language English language English language Sexism in language'

Pauwels, Anne. Non-discriminatory language. Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1991.

Gilbert, Pam. Gender stories and the language classroom. Deakin University, 1993.

Gilbert, Pam. Divided by a common language?: Gender and the English curriculum. Curriculum Corporation, 1994.

Minns, Hilary. Language, literacy, and gender. Hodder & Stoughton, 1991.

Massachusetts. Dept. of Education. Bureau of Operational Support. Style sheet for writers and editors. Bureau of Operational Support, Massachusetts Dept. of Education, 1986.

Ware, Ann Patrick. New words for old hymns and songs. Women's Liturgy Group, 2000.

Appleby, Bruce C., and Nancy Mellin McCracken. Gender issues in the teaching of English. Boynton/Cook, 1992.

Bucholtz, Mary, ed. Language and woman's place: Text and commentaries. Oxford University Press, 2004.

Liturgical language: Keeping it metaphoric, making it inclusive. Liturgical Press, 1996.

King, Ruth Elizabeth. Talking gender: A guide to nonsexist communication. Copp Clark Pitman, 1991.

Underwood, Jean, and Taiichiro Okubayashi. "Comparing the Characteristics of Text-Speak Used by English and Japanese Students." In Evolving Psychological and Educational Perspectives on Cyber Behavior. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1858-9.ch016.

Li, Xiaoge. "Sexism as reflected in the Chinese and English languages." In Engineering Technology, Engineering Education and Engineering Management. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18566-160.

Vitucci, Francesco. "Ideological Manipulation in Interlingual Subtitling." In Ca’ Foscari Japanese Studies. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-428-8/006.

Metcalf, Allan. "Roadblocks." In The Life of Guy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190669201.003.0011.

"Parliament that has inherited its power from the monarch, and in the body of the monarch itself which contains the promises of both God and people. Today, law also finds its sources in the legislative acts of the European Community and the decisions of the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights (religion will often refer to a sacred text). All our understanding is reducible to the ability to comprehend the expansiveness and limits of our language and the cultural boundedness of our language. It was Edward Sapir who most poignantly maintained that the limits of our language are the limits of our world. Over the years of socialisation, ‘ways of seeing’ are developed that are socially constructed by the limits of a particular language. Yet, as language is all around, there is a temptation to see it as a neutral tool, a mirror that tells it ‘like it is’. All language does is to give someone else’s interpretation of their belief, or their experience. It is no more, and no less, than a guide to social reality. What is seen as, or believed to be, the real world may be no more than the language habits of the group. It is, therefore, often a biased view. Languages also have their limits: if language does not have a word for something or some concept then that ‘something’ will not be seen nor that ‘concept’ thought. All language is, however, responsive to what linguists call the ‘felt needs’ of its speakers. Indeed, it is more likely that not only are thoughts expressed in words but that thoughts themselves are shaped by language. An example of felt needs can be given from the vocabulary of weather. Although the English are often said to enjoy talking about the weather, for many decades our essentially mild climate has provided us with the need for only one word for ‘snow’ (that word is ‘snow’!). In English there are several words for cold, but only one word for ice. By contrast, the Aztecs living in the tropics have only one word to cover ‘snow’, ‘ice’ and ‘cold’ as separate words were unlikely to be used. As English speakers, it is impossible to state that ‘cold’ is synonymous with snow. Coldness is a characteristic of snow, but there can be ‘cold’ without ‘snow’. We would not be able to understand how snow and ice could be interchangeable. In English it is not possible for these two words to become synonyms. However, Inuits have many different words for ‘snow’. Words describe it falling, lying, drifting, packing, as well as the language containing many words for wind, ice and cold because much of their year is spent living with snow, ice, wind and cold. The above is one small illustration of the relationship between living, seeing, naming, language and thought. Language habits predispose certain choices of word. Words we use daily reflect our cultural understanding and at the same time transmit it to others, even to the next generation. Words by themselves are not oppressive or pejorative, but they acquire a morality or subliminal meaning of their own. A sensitivity to language usage therefore can be most revealing of the views of the speaker. For example, when parents or teachers tell a boy not to cry because it is not manly, or praise a girl for her feminine way of dressing, they are using the words for manly and feminine to reinforce attitudes and categories that English culture has assigned to males and females. Innocent repetition of such language as ‘everyday, taken-for-granted’ knowledge reinforces sexism in language and in society. In this way language determines social behaviour. Language, as a means of communication, becomes not only the expression of culture but a part of it. The." In Legal Method and Reasoning. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-11.

"feminine, masculine vocabulary is rarely questioned, yet its usage creates expectations that determine male as the norm, female as the secondary. Verbal descriptions of sex and gender construct, not merely describe. Such construction of belief can be found transmitted through dictionaries. When defining ‘manly’ Webster’s Dictionary says that manly means: …having qualities appropriate to a man: open in conduct bold resolute not effeminate or timorous gallant brave undaunted drinks beer. [Give me a break!!!] For ‘womanly’ one finds: …marked by qualities characteristic of a woman, belonging to attitudes of a woman not a man. Female is defined by the negative of the other, of the male. In this way, sexism pervades the ‘objective’ nature of the dictionary, subordinating the female to the male. Sexist language pervades a range of sacred texts and legal texts and processes. Religion can be and is one of the most powerful ideologies operating within society, and many religions and religious groupings are hierarchically male oriented. The law maintains that the male term encompasses the female. Many religions maintain that man is made in the image of God; woman in the image of man. The female is once removed in both law and religion. Even in the 19th century, English law continued to maintain that the Christian cleaving of male and female meant the subjugation of the female and the loss of her property and identity to the male. English family law was based upon Christian attitudes to family and accounted for the late introduction of flexible divorce laws in the 1950s. Both law and Christianity reflect a dualism in Western society. The power of language is illustrated here. A pervasive sexism is made possible and manifest through language which, therefore, easily carries discrimination. So far, the discussion has centred on the construction of the world by, and through, language as written word. There are different ways of speaking and writing. People use the modes of speaking and writing experience and education notes as the most appropriate. However, language exerts power, too, through a hierarchy given to ‘ways of speaking’; through a hierarchy based on accent as well as choice of, or access to, vocabulary. People often change the way they speak, their accent and/or vocabulary. Such change may be from the informality of family communication to the formality of work. It may be to ‘fit in’: the artificial playing with ‘upper class’, ‘middle class’, ‘working class’, ‘northern’ or ‘Irish’ accents. Sometimes presentation to a person perceived by the speaker as important may occasion an accent and even a vocabulary change. Speakers wish to be thought well of. Therefore, they address the other in the way it is thought that the other wishes or expects to be addressed." In Legal Method and Reasoning. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-12.

Chen, Zhemin. "Critical Discourse Analysis of Sexism in English Language." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichssr-16.2016.79.

Hong, Xiuqin. "Sexist Language Reform in English Vocabulary." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccessh-18.2018.157.

Nurochman, M. R. Nababan, Riyadi Santosa, and Diah Kristina. "Translation Quality of Sexist Language in the Novel Little Men by Loisa May Alcott." In 1st Bandung English Language Teaching International Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008217600530057.