Academic literature on the topic 'Sexism versus racism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sexism versus racism"
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Cooky, Cheryl, Faye L. Wachs, Michael Messner, and Shari L. Dworkin. "It’s Not About the Game: Don Imus, Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality in Contemporary Media." Sociology of Sport Journal 27, no. 2 (June 2010): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.27.2.139.
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Using intersectionality and hegemony theory, we critically analyze mainstream print news media’s response to Don Imus’ exchange on the 2007 NCAA women’s basketball championship game. Content and textual analysis reveals the following media frames: “invisibility and silence”; “controlling images versus women’s self-definitions”; and, “outside the frame: social issues in sport and society.” The paper situates these media frames within a broader societal context wherein 1) women’s sports are silenced, trivialized and sexualized, 2) media representations of African-American women in the U. S. have historically reproduced racism and sexism, and 3) race and class relations differentially shape dominant understandings of African-American women’s participation in sport. We conclude that news media reproduced monolithic understandings of social inequality, which lacked insight into the intersecting nature of oppression for women, both in sport and in the United States.
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Cook, Christine L., Jie Cai, and Donghee Yvette Wohn. "Awe Versus Aww: The Effectiveness of Two Kinds of Positive Emotional Stimulation on Stress Reduction for Online Content Moderators." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555168.
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When people have the freedom to create and post content on the internet, particularly anonymously, they do not always respect the rules and regulations of the websites on which they post, leaving other unsuspecting users vulnerable to sexism, racism, threats, and other unacceptable content in their daily cyberspace diet. However, content moderators witness the worst of humanity on a daily basis in place of the average netizen. This takes its toll on moderators, causing stress, fatigue, and emotional distress akin to the symptomology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The goal of the present study was to explore whether adding positive stimuli to breaktimes-images of baby animals or beautiful, aweinspiring landscapes-could help reduce the negative side-effects of being a content moderator. To test this, we had over 300 experienced content moderators read and decide whether 200 fake text-based social media posts were acceptable or not for public consumption. Although we set out to test positive emotional stimulation, however, we actually found that it is the cumulative nature of the negative emotions that likely negates most of the effects of the intervention: the longer the person had practiced content moderation, the stronger their negative experience. Connections to compassion fatigue and how best to spend work breaks as a content moderator are discussed.
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Higgs, Paul, and Chris Gilleard. "The ideology of ageism versus the social imaginary of the fourth age: two differing approaches to the negative contexts of old age." Ageing and Society 40, no. 8 (March 6, 2019): 1617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000096.
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AbstractThe development of social gerontology has led to the emergence of its own terminology and conceptual armoury. ‘Ageism’ has been a key concept in articulating the mission of gerontology and was deliberately intended to act as an equivalent to the concepts of racism and sexism. As a term, it has established itself as a lodestone for thinking about the de-valued and residualised social status of older people in contemporary society. Given this background, ageism has often been used to describe an overarching ideology that operates in society to the detriment of older people and which in large part explains their economic, social and cultural marginality. This paper critiques this approach and suggests an alternative based upon the idea of the social imaginary of the fourth age. It argues that not only is the idea of ageism too totalising and contradictory but that it fails to address key aspects of the corporeality of old age. Adopting the idea of a social imaginary offers a more nuanced theoretical approach to the tensions that are present in later life without reducing them to a single external cause or explanation. In so doing, this leaves the term free to serve, in a purely descriptive manner, as a marker of prejudice.
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Pacheco-Vega, Raul, and Kate Parizeau. "Doubly Engaged Ethnography." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 17, no. 1 (August 22, 2018): 160940691879065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406918790653.
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Understanding the unique challenges facing vulnerable communities necessitates a scholarly approach that is profoundly embedded in the ethnographic tradition. Undertaking ethnographies of communities and populations facing huge degrees of inequality and abject poverty asks of the researcher to be able to think hard about issues of positionality (what are our multiple subjectivities as insider/outsider, knowledge holder/learner, and so on when interacting with vulnerable subjects, and how does this influence the research?), issues of engagement versus exploitation (how can we meaningfully incentivize participation in our studies without being coercive/extractive, and can we expect vulnerable subjects to become deeply in research design/data collection, and so on when they are so overburdened already?), and representation (what are the ethics of representing violence, racism, and sexism as expressed by vulnerable respondents? What about the pictures we take and the stories we tell?). Through the discussion of our research on the behavioral patterns, socialization strategies, and garbage processing methods of informal waste pickers in Argentina and Mexico, we ask ourselves, and through this exercise, seek to shed light on the broader questions of how can we engage in ethnographies of vulnerable communities while maintaining a sense of objectivity and protecting our informants? Rather than attempting to provide a definite answer, we provide a starting point for scholars of resource governance interested in using ethnographic methods for their research. We highlight the challenges we’ve faced in studying cartoneros in Buenos Aires (Argentina) and pepenadores in León (Mexico) and engage in a self-reflective discussion of what can be learned from our struggle to provide meaningful, engaged scholarship while retaining and ensuring respect and care for the communities we study.
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Agnello, Mary Frances, and Cherie Brown. "Discourses of Bilingualism: Facebooking in the Margins—Generating and Reflecting on Sexist, Classist, and Racist Backlash." International Journal of Critical Media Literacy 1, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25900110-00102004.
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A look at a Facebook exchange about bilingual education and bilingualism prior to the last presidential election led to a polarization of bilingual empathizers with teaching backgrounds versus political conservatives promoting a pro-reactionary political agenda. Verbal jousting led to the exercise of power in racist, sexist, and classist discourses. The emergent problem of such exchanges appears to be to what degree we might consider engaging with naysayers in purposeful dialog if there is little hope of changing minds with facts. After several readings of the threaded and asynchronous conversation that ensued around postings involving the theme of acceptance of bilingual people in the U.S., three ideological impasses were found in the dialogue—attempts to be logical and open versus closed commentary with no room for discussion; attempts to consider history and current economic contexts in the U.S. versus dismissive sexist (as well as racist and classist) statements that demonize non-English speakers; and with political naysayers’ claiming bilingual education is expensive and unnecessary versus the view that bilingual education is a way forward for non-native English speakers.
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Johas, Regina, and Stela Sanmartin. "A dimensão educativa da arte." Revista Farol 16, no. 23 (January 24, 2021): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47456/rf.v1i23.34033.
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Vivemos hoje num mundo tomado por incertezas: aprofundamento da desigualdade, iminência da morte, pandemia; desestabilização ambiental e dos habitats (a natureza suportará essa degradação?); presença digital versus a presencialidade (voltará a haver convivência em que os corpos possam se tocar?). E um cenário distópico de um mundo dominado por uma epistemologia dominante, apoiada em três pilares: capitalismo, colonialismo (racismo) e o patriarcado (sexismo). [...]
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Rodrigues Benfatti, Flávia Andrea, and Gláucia Mendes da Silva. "O Feminismo Negro na Literatura de Cordel de Jarid Arraes e em Contos de Miriam Alves." Cadernos de Gênero e Diversidade 6, no. 4 (April 17, 2021): 76–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cgd.v6i4.36503.
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Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre o feminismo negro no Brasil, trazendo algumas vozes teóricas que traçam um percurso desse movimento. Para tanto, duas escritoras contemporâneas farão coro à essas vozes. Verificaremos de que forma o canto libertário de Jarid Arraes ecoa em seus versos cordelianos bem como sob qual perspectiva a narrativa áspera de Miriam Alves aponta-nos caminhos para outros olhares sobre racismo, violência e sexismo. Dessa forma, tanto os versos de Arraes quanto a prosa de Alves são como uma “cusparada na cara” dos preconceitos e estereótipos criados contra a mulher negra.Palavras-chave: Feminismo negro. Literatura de Cordel. Jarid Arraes. Prosa. Miriam Alves.
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Feinberg, Judith, Michael Saag, Kathleen Squires, Judith Currier, Robert Ryan, Bruce Coate, and Joseph Mrus. "Health-Related Quality of Life in the Gender, Race, And Clinical Experience Trial." AIDS Research and Treatment 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/349165.
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Background. We report health-related QoL (HRQoL) from GRACE (Gender,Race,AndClinicalExperience) study by sex and race over 48 weeks.Methods. 429 treatment-experienced adults (HIV-1 copies/mL) received darunavir/ritonavir 600/100 mg twice daily plus an appropriate background regimen. QoL was measured by the Functional Assessment of HIV Infection (FAHI) questionnaire.Results. 67% women and 77% men, including 67.4% black, 76.0% Hispanic, and 73.8% white patients, completed the trial. Baseline total FAHI scores were similar between sexes and races. Total FAHI of the entire population improved by Week 4 (); near-maximum changes obtained by Week 12 were maintained through Week 48. Women and black patients demonstrated larger improvements in total FAHI versus men, and Hispanic and white patients, respectively.Conclusion. HRQoL improved in all sex and racial/ethnic groups. Sex-based and race-based differences in improvements in FAHI subscales may provide insight into subtle differences of HIV-1 and treatment on HRQoL in different populations.
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Lopez, Keila N., Shaine A. Morris, S. Kristen Sexson Tejtel, Andre Espaillat, and Jason L. Salemi. "US Mortality Attributable to Congenital Heart Disease Across the Lifespan From 1999 Through 2017 Exposes Persistent Racial/Ethnic Disparities." Circulation 142, no. 12 (September 22, 2020): 1132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.046822.
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Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) accounts for ≈40% of deaths in US children with birth defects. Previous US data from 1999 to 2006 demonstrated an overall decrease in CHD mortality. Our study aimed to assess current trends in US mortality related to CHD from infancy to adulthood over the past 19 years and determine differences by sex and race/ethnicity. Methods: We conducted an analysis of death certificates from 1999 to 2017 to calculate annual CHD mortality by age at death, race/ethnicity, and sex. Population estimates used as denominators in mortality rate calculations for infants were based on National Center for Health Statistics live birth data. Mortality rates in individuals ≥1 year of age used US Census Bureau bridged-race population estimates as denominators. We used joinpoint regression to characterize temporal trends in all-cause mortality, mortality resulting directly attributable to and related to CHD by age, race/ethnicity, and sex. Results: There were 47.7 million deaths with 1 in 814 deaths attributable to CHD (n=58 599). Although all-cause mortality decreased 16.4% across all ages, mortality resulting from CHD declined 39.4% overall. The mean annual decrease in CHD mortality was 2.6%, with the largest decrease for those >65 years of age. The age-adjusted mortality rate decreased from 1.37 to 0.83 per 100 000. Males had higher mortality attributable to CHD than females throughout the study, although both sexes declined at a similar rate (≈40% overall), with a 3% to 4% annual decrease between 1999 and 2009, followed by a slower annual decrease of 1.4% through 2017. Mortality resulting from CHD significantly declined among all races/ethnicities studied, although disparities in mortality persisted for non-Hispanic Blacks versus non-Hispanic Whites (mean annual decrease 2.3% versus 2.6%, respectively; age-adjusted mortality rate 1.67 to 1.05 versus 1.35 to 0.80 per 100 000, respectively). Conclusions: Although overall US mortality attributable to CHD has decreased over the past 19 years, disparities in mortality persist for males in comparison with females and for non-Hispanic Blacks in comparison with non-Hispanic Whites. Determining factors that contribute to these disparities such as access to quality care, timely diagnosis, and maintenance of insurance will be important moving into the next decade.
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Nabhan, Chadi, Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy, Andrew M. Evens, Brian C.-H. Chiu, Sonali M. Smith, Tait D. Shanafelt, and Neil E. Kay. "The Impact of Race, Age, and Sex in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): A Comprehensive SEER Analysis in the Pre and Post Rituximab (R) Eras." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2877.2877.
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Abstract Abstract 2877 Background: Racial disparity has been well documented in a number of cancers but the impact of race on CLL in the contemporary era is unclear. While preliminary evidence suggests that Black (B) patients (pts) have worse survival than their White (W) counterparts (Shenoy et al, Clin Lymph Myleoma Leuk, 12/2011), the importance of sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), and whether the wide use of single use or combined therapy with R in CLL over the last decade plus has affected overall survival (OS) have not been fully explored. Further, outcome of Hispanic (H) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (A/PI) CLL pts has not been fully studied. Methods: We examined population based survival data from SEER 13 (1993–2008) for CLL within and across various races. We also investigated the impact of sex, age, and socioeconomic status (SES) on their clinical outcome. Outcomes were examined over two consecutive 8-year (yr) periods: Era-1 (1993–2000) and Era-2 (2001–2008) with the assumption of R therapy in CLL patients being more frequent after 2001 (market research data not shown). Results: We identified 24,964 pts [W =21,363 (85.5%), H =1,197 (4.7%), B =1,709 (6.8%), and A/PI =695 (2.7%)]. Differences were notable for a greater male predominance among A/PI [62% vs. 57% (B), 56% (H), 58% (W); P=0.03]; a higher proportion of pts >80 among W [22% vs. 17% (H), 15% (B), 16% (A/PI); P<0.001], and higher SES among A/PI and W pts compared to B and H (P<0.001). OS for all patients was significantly better in Era-2 vs. Era-1 at 5-yrs (65% vs. 60.4%, P<0.0001). This improvement was statistically significant in all races except A/PI pts (P=0.71) (Table). Improved survival across eras was also noted in all age groups (<50 (P<0.00001), 50–59 (P=0.007), 60–69 (P<0.0001), 70–79 (P<0.0001), >80 yrs (P<0.0001)). Further, improved OS was noted in the two SES classes evaluated (0–15% and 15.1–30% below poverty line respectively). While there were no statistical differences between males and females within either era, improvement in OS was noted in both sexes in Era-2 versus Era-1 (P<0.0001). We subsequently compared OS within and across races (Table). Despite the fact that OS improved in all races, W pts continued to have better OS in Era-2. In Era-1, while W pts had better OS than B and H pts, the OS is similar between W and A/PI. Although OS improved in all SES classes, patients with higher SES continued to have better OS in Era-2 (P<0.0001 for both). Conclusions: The OS of CLL pts has improved in the contemporary era for both sexes, all age groups, and all races except A/PI individuals. The improvement in outcome in Era-2 might be partially explained by increased use of R and other novel agents that became available after 2001. Despite the broad nature of these improvements, racial and SES differences in the survival persist and deserve further validation and pursuit of the causes. Disclosures: Shanafelt: Genentech: Research Funding; GlaxoSmith Klein: Research Funding; Teva/Cephalon: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding. Kay:Genentech: Research Funding; Glaxosmith Klein: Research Funding.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sexism versus racism"
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Rumney, Suzanne Jane. "No place for a white woman? An exploration of the interplay of gender, race and class on power relations experienced by white western women in cross-cultural settings." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/482.
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‘What happens when the discourses we inhabit contrast strongly with or are in direct conflict with the discourses which swirl around us?’ asks feminist activist and academic Lekkie Hopkins (2009, pp. 75-76). More particularly, how does a life writer interact with the discourses that swirl around her? The advice given in guides on memoir and autobiographical writing creates an illusion that life writers not only have the freedom to write what they like but that, somehow, they have a moral duty to do so. Life writers can ‘challenge our society’s enormous untruthfulness,’ writes David Parker (cited in Helen, 2006, p. 326). Other authors urge life writers to stand by the courage of their convictions and question the status quo to arrive at new answers and a truth that is different from that ‘embedded ideology masquarading as common knowledge’ (Forche & Gerard cited in Helen, 2006, p. 321). Lynne Bloom warns that ‘no matter what their subjects think …nonfiction writers defending the integrity of their work should not…expose their material either to censorship or to consensus’(cited in Helen, 2006, p. 344). However, in contrast to these carefree injunctions to memoirists to be truth-seekers, Drusilla Modjeska acknowledges the difficulties implicit in life writing and warns in her fictionalised biography, Poppy, that ‘there is conformity and dependence in our freedom.’ She refers to a ‘an intellectual freedom [that is] institutionally hobbled, or fashion bound’ (1990, p. 5). The ongoing tension between an espoused freedom of speech and moral duty as a writer to write fearlessly and honestly to create a ‘truth’ that seeks new answers and the intellectual hobbling caused by embedded and fashion bound discourses is the underlying theme of this essay. Despite an initial determination to follow the advice of these life-writing experts, I have found that in producing a fictionalized memoir in Australia today, exposure to a certain degree of intellectual hobbling is an inevitable part of the process and that challenging the status quo embedded in powerful discourses can be a perilous business. The pressure to conform to the consensus, resulting in a significant amount of external and internal censorship, has been difficult to resist.
Books on the topic "Sexism versus racism"
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Yilmaz-Günay, Koray. Karriere eines konstruierten Gegensatzes: zehn Jahre "Muslime versus Schwule": Sexualpolitiken seit dem 11. September 2001. Münster: Edition Assemblage, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sexism versus racism"
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Wales Freedman, Eden. "Conclusion." In Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma, 181–86. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496827333.003.0006.
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The conclusion explores how the theories of dual-witnessing and Venn liminality originated and summarizes how readers can position themselves to dual- versus anti-witness. This section also underscores the power of African American literature to promote dual-witnessing and explicates how readers may witness dually and communally black and female personhood, culture, trauma, and triumph through the African American literary tradition. Finally, the conclusion theorizes how dual-witnessing can extend out of the individual conversation between speaker-survivor and reader-listener into a larger, collaborative engagement with trauma, so that dual-witnessing serves not only as an intellectual exercise but also as a revolutionary response that helps redress racism, sexism, trauma, and other forms of violence.
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Parker, Alison M. "Black Feminism." In Unceasing Militant, 121–41. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469659381.003.0007.
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Mollie Church Terrell’s black feminism addressed issues that confronted African American women. She identified herself as “a colored woman in a white world” who experienced both racism and sexism throughout her life. Terrell and other black women intellectuals at the turn of the twentieth century articulated the interconnected nature of black women’s lived experience and helped create a framework of black feminist thought that stretches all the way to Kimberlé Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality. Terrell repeatedly asserted black women’s right to be full citizens, to vote, and to be treated without violence and with respect. As NACW president, Terrell resisted pervasive negative stereotypes of black women as either impure and over-sexualized or as asexual mammies. Terrell fought for African American women’s and men’s voting rights, including a successful struggle against Alice Paul of the National Woman’s Party for Delta Sigma Theta Sorority members and other black women’s integration in the 1913 national suffrage parade. At National Purity Association conferences, Terrell presented searing critiques of the myth of white women’s purity versus black women’s alleged impurity. And finally, Terrell skewered whites’ nostalgia for their Black “Mammies” in her attack on the U.S. Senate’s 1923 passage of a Black Mammy Monument bill.
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Alexander-Floyd, Nikol G. "Splitting Condi(licious)." In Re-Imagining Black Women, 27–58. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479855858.003.0002.
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This chapter explores conservatism as a repressed element in the study of black politics through an analysis of former national security advisor and secretary of state Condoleezza Rice as a liminal subject. It explores the primary narrative or urtext Rice represents—namely, the fantasy of colorblind national community formation. Although she presents herself and is lauded by others as an example of the United States’ progress in terms of race and gender equality, the fantasy of difference-blind inclusion is persistently challenged when it comes to Rice. Indeed Rice is a melodramatic figure represented as both victor and villain, a form of splitting. Competing dominant story line of closeness—“condi” versus “condilicous”—paradoxically work both to create and undermine the US national narrative of color(difference)-blind integration. The chapter’s central argument is that Rice signifies the liminality of blacks in general and black women in particular and that this liminality is contrary to the triumph of integration she is said to represent. Attention is also given to how Rice’s identity as a black woman of note or her experience of racism and sexism (or both) cause some to ignore or downplay her class status and ideological commitments and actions.