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Demberg, Rebecca. "Linguistic sexism : A study of sexist language in a British online newspaper." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36871.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of sexist language-use in the British online newspaper The Daily Mail. The material consists of 162 articles that were analysed by using feminist stylistics. The scope of the study was limited to selected features from feminist stylistics at word- and discourse-level. The features of linguistic sexism analysed were the use of gendered generic words, naming of females and males and how female and male characters are described. The gender of the journalists was also analysed to examine if it affected the language-use in terms of sexism. The results show that linguistic sexism is expressed to some extent at both word-level and discourse-level. At word-level linguistic sexism is expressed inthe generic use of some masculine words, the difference of how first name and surname are used to refer to women and men and in the use of titles. At the level of discourse linguistic sexism is expressed in the difference of how women and men are referred to in terms of their relationship to others and in terms of appearance. The gender of the journalist did not show any significance for the language-use in terms of sexism. Considering the limited material of the study, the results might not be suitable for generalisations. The results are nonetheless interesting and it can be concluded that the toolkit of feminist stylistic is relevant to this day and that linguistic sexism exists to some extent in the online version of The Daily Mail.
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Tanner, Meagan C. "Was That Sexist?: Open-Mindedness Predicts Interpretation of Benevolent Sexism in Ambiguous Scenarios." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1617726203849271.
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Judson, Stephanie Suzanne. "Sexist Discrimination and Gender Microaggressions: An Exploration of Current Conceptualizations of Women's Experiences of Sexism." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1404865988.
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Steiner, Maureen Parrella. "Non-sexist Language Curriculum Guidebook." UNF Digital Commons, 1990. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/252.
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Included is a skills development curriculum unit for secondary English students which encourages the use of non-sexist language with creativity within the content area. The study contains lists of objectives, writing, reading and group activities, an attitude survey for students and an evaluation checklist for teachers. Classroom discussions, films, fairy tales and skills development exercises are used to help students recognize and find alternatives to sexist language. The rationale for the teaching of non-sexist language is based on the theory that how we speak stems from how we think, and visa-versa. If sexism in reading and writing is identified and avoided, stereotypical attitudes would be less likely to occur. The study's intent is to challenge teachers and students to employ non-sexist language so that its usage becomes more familiar and acceptable in every day life.
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Derthick, Annie O. "The sexist mess| Development and initial validation of the sexist microaggressions experiences and stress scale and the relationship of sexist microaggressions to women's mental health." Thesis, University of Alaska Anchorage, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3740179.
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This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study designed to examine the relationship between sexist microaggressions and mental health. Sexist microaggressions refer to subtle communications of hostility and discrimination toward women. Sexist microaggressions are often difficult to detect, but they have the potential for harmful mental health outcomes. Despite a strong theoretical argument for the relationship between sexist microaggressions and mental health, limited empirical research exists documenting this relationship, partly due to a lack of an adequate psychometrically developed, quantitative measure of sexist microaggressions. Therefore, for the purpose of the study, a theoretically based quantitative measure of sexist microaggressions, including a stress appraisal of these experiences, was developed. Based on survey data obtained from 699 women, the Sexist Microaggressions Experiences and Stress Scale (the Sexist MESS) may be conceptualized as composed of seven interrelated factors. Furthermore, the results support the reliability and validity of the Sexist MESS as a measure of sexist microaggressions among women. Even further, scores on the Sexist MESS correlated significantly with scores on the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionaire-Dutch-30 (MASQ-D30), indicating a positive relationship between sexist microaggressions and general distress, anhedonic depression, and anxious arousal. Additionally, hierarchical multiple regression analysis determined that sexist microaggressions account for a unique portion of variance in mental health outcomes, above and beyond other known predictors (e.g., self-esteem, perceived social support, feminist identity development) of women’s mental health, suggesting that sexist microaggressions are an important factor to consider in the conceptualization and treatment of women’s mental health. Other service implications and recommendations for future research are discussed throughout.
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Dulaney, Eric. "Modern Sexist Attitudes Toward Female Supervisors." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/305.
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Despite the passage of The Civil Rights Act of 1964, women employed by an organization generally remain in the entry level positions, while their male counterparts are promoted throughout the organization's hierarchy. Although there are many theories that attempt to explain the reasons for this disparity between men and women in the workforce, one of the popular attributions is sexism. In this study, the investigator applied the theoretical framework of Modern Sexism to examine modern sexist attitudes toward female supervisors. Three hundred and twenty-two undergraduate students were asked to fill out several sexism measures and to evaluate vignettes of male and female managers exhibiting four different leadership styles. High scores on the sexism measures were related to lower evaluations for female managers when the rater was male, and the manager exhibited a consideration style of leadership. The findings in this study add to the understanding of sexism as it exists today, specifically toward female supervisors in the work setting.
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Ericsson, Anna. "Occupational terms in The Daily Aztec & The San Diego Union Tribune : Non sexist vs. sexist language." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2038.
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In English usages such as mankind and job titles ending in -man (fireman, chairman) when referring to people in general are considered sexist. Sexist language makes a distinction between women and men and it can exclude, trivialize or diminish women. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the sexist or non-sexist use of occupational terms in The San Diego Union Tribune and The Daily Aztec. The questions that were investigated were how the newspapers used affixed terms ending in –man and -woman, if they added female/woman/lady to refer to women, but also how they referred to traditional female professions (nurse, midwife). The study was conducted by hand by using a textual analysis, which was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The study showed that the newspapers primarily use non-sexist occupational terms and avoid using female markings, even when reference is being made to women who have traditional male professions. The sexist usage that was most common was the affixed terms ending in –man and –woman. One conclusion that could be drawn was that The San Diego Union Tribune follows The Associated Press Stylebook’s policy about the usage of coined words such as chairperson and spokesperson.
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VanEvery, Joanne. "Anti-sexist living arrangements : a feminist research project." Thesis, University of Essex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386026.
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Coady, Ann. "The non-sexist language debate in French and English." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2018. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/24058/.
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The field of gender and language has gradually abandoned studies of gender-fair language, perhaps considering that there is little left to say on the subject. However, the debate over gender-fair language rages on in the media. Language bodies spend a significant amount of time and money on producing guidelines, yet there have been woefully few studies on what speakers think of these reforms, and the few studies that have been carried out have tended to focus on small groups. In addition, there have been very few analyses of how sexism gets debated and defined within media texts themselves, whereas examining social evaluations of language is essential in understanding the motivating force of language change. There is also a dearth of comparative studies in gender and language, which would allow conceptions of language in general, as well as feminist linguistic reforms, to be framed in their cultural and historical perspectives. This thesis aims at filling this gap in the field of gender and language by examining discourses on feminist linguistic reform in the media from a cross-linguistic perspective. A corpus of 242 articles (approx. 167,000 words) spanning 15 years (2001-2016), whose main topic is (non-)sexist or gender-fair language was collected from British and French on-line national newspapers. Apart from the obvious fact that the media have an enormous influence on public opinion, this is where the debate on sexist language has traditionally been carried out, and thus the media play a special role in the debate. On-line newspaper texts were therefore chosen in an effort to find discourses that readers are exposed to on a regular basis, and that could be classed as widespread and familiar to the general public. A corpus-based analysis was employed as a starting point to identify traces of discourses that are used to frame arguments in the gender-fair language debate. Frequency lists, keyword lists, and word sketches were carried out in order to indicate possible directions for analysis. Hypotheses based on the literature review were also followed up with searches for particular semantically related terms relating to discourses found in other studies. Finally, a CDA analysis was carried out on relevant concordance lines. Twelve main discourses were identified in the two corpora, based on six principle ideologies of language. Findings indicated that the overwhelming majority of these discourses and language ideologies are found in both the English and the French corpus, and across the political spectrum of newspaper groups. However, differences in quantitative and qualitative use may indicate on the one hand, deeper cultural differences between the UK and France, and on the other, core political and moral values between the right and left wing. The main contribution to knowledge that this thesis makes is in helping to revitalise research on sexist language through an analysis of the discourses and language ideologies that determine the success, or failure, of non-sexist language, as well as a novel analysis of the origin of sexism in language (Chapter 3).
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Zheng, Lingzhen. "Contemporary American Political Speeches : A Study of Sexist Language." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Enheten för lärarutbildning, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5913.
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Wing, Bradley W. "Degendering and regendering recomposing masculinities through anti-sexist masculinity projects /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5579.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on July 31, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Levchak, Charisse Camilla. "An examination of racist and sexist microaggressions on college campuses." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4870.
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Higher education has been linked to upward mobility in recent decades. Higher education has particularly served as a road to upward mobility for disadvantaged racial and gender groups. While United States colleges and universities strive to make their institutions, programs, and departments more diverse, students who are racial minorities still experience racism and those who are women still experience sexism. Colleges and universities are often considered bastions of progressive liberalism that will challenge racism and sexism; however, the seeds of American racism and sexism that were planted at the country's inception and that were sustained by the blatant subjugation of people of color and women continue to generate race and sex based oppression within present-day American society and within America's academic institutions. Therefore, residual racism and sexism are important to explore, since their presence in educational institutions serves to reify racial and gender based boundaries in achievement and well-being.
To this end, research has inadequately determined the prevalence of overt and covert oppression within academic institutions. Using a sample of college students at a predominately white institution in a Midwestern college town and a diverse institution in a large urban area I will: 1) examine the prevalence of covert and overt racist and sexist experiences among college students and develop models of their occurrence by gender and race; 2) test double jeopardy and multiple jeopardy theory by finding out if women of color experience more racism and sexism than other groups; 3) examine the prevalence of racist, post- racist, sexist and post-sexist beliefs among college students and develop models of their origins by race and gender, 4) examine how environmental context impacts student's experiences and beliefs by comparing college students at a predominately white institution and at a diverse institution; and 5) conduct a path analysis in order to test the causal relationships between demographic factors (race, gender and institution type), experiences (racist and sexist victimization) and attitudes/outlook (racist, post-racist, sexist, post-sexist, campus climate and stress).
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Campbell, Bernadette. "The structure of sexist attitudes, stereotypes, emotions, symbolic beliefs, and ambivalence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30936.pdf.
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Jacobs, Jillian Kathleen. "It’s a Fanboy’s World: How Cinephile Blogs Perpetuate a Sexist Hollywood." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1285035004.
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Tarazona, Navarro Miriam Yolanda. "Representaciones de la mujer en la publicidad sexista. Un análisis desde la competencia mediática." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657566.
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El sexismo en la publicidad se encuentra perenne en nuestra sociedad al mostrar a la mujer con estereotipos de comportamiento y como un objeto sexual. Con intención de visibilizar la competencia mediática de las mujeres limeñas, de una brecha generacional, desde sus dimensiones del lenguaje e ideología y valores, se realizó el presente trabajo en donde se podrá observar si existe una mayor competencia mediática por parte de las mujeres jóvenes (Grupo 1) o si existe una competencia mediática desarrollada parcialmente en ambas muestras (Grupo 1 y Grupo 2). Para indagar las percepciones de las consumidoras, se realizaron catorce entrevistas a profundidad en donde se mostraron cuatro publicidades y se realizaron preguntas dirigidas para dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación planteada.Sexism in advertising is perennial in our society by portraying women with stereotypical behaviors and as a sexual object. With the intention of making visible the media competence of Lima women, of a generation gap, from its dimensions of language and ideology and values, the present article was carried out where it can be observed if there is greater media competition on the part of young women (Group 1) or if there is a partially developed media competence in both samples (Group 1 and Group 2). To investigate consumer perceptions, fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted in which four advertisements were shown and directed questions were asked to answer the research question posed.
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Poland, Bailey. "The Impact of Sexist Rhetoric on Women's Participation in News Comments Sections." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1494247181482129.
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Hallgren, Nathalie. "Do females think in-game advertising is more sexist than other ads?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32655.
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Weatherall, Ann. "Dis-covering gender differentiation and discrimination in the English language." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320205.
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Na, Pattalung Piengpen. "An Analysis of Sexist Language in ESL Textbooks by Thai Authors Used in Thailand." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9057/.
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This study identified the types of sexist language that appear in ESL textbooks by Thai authors. The study analyzed the ESL textbooks by Thai authors sold at the Chulalongkorn University bookstore during spring 2007. It was a qualitative case analysis of fifteen ESL textbooks covering the beginning, intermediate, and advanced levels of ESL instruction. The study used feminist criticism to discover what gender roles are sanctioned as appropriate in ESL textbooks by Thai authors and if the language used supports or challenges patriarchy. The results of this study show that sexist language is present in the textbooks and that the textbooks contain content that promotes sexist assumptions concerning gender roles. As a whole, the language and examples used in ESL textbooks by Thai authors support patriarchy.
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Heikkinen, M. (Mervi). "Sexist harassment as an issue of gender equality politics and policies at university." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526200378.
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Abstract This study scrutinises sexist harassment and the construction of gender equality policy at the University of Oulu, one of the largest universities in Finland. Furthermore, the study addresses policies that are intended to prevent gender and sexual harassment, the implementation of such policies, and their practical outcomes. Universities are a place of knowledge (re-)production, but research suggests that sexist harassment at least occasionally bothers, and may even call into question, the central tasks of the academy—the creation and maintenance of knowledge. Acker’s theory of gendered organisation is used to frame the analysis of the study on three levels: structures, resources and processes. Lukes’s and Olsen’s views regarding power are used to locate and make visible blind spots of gender equality work related to sexual harassment. Nussbaum’s capabilities approach is used to strengthen the individual agency perspective. Additionally, intersectionality is considered in the analyses. The method of research is a case study. Detailed and intensive knowledge is produced by using various complementary data, analysis methods, vantage points and perspectives. The research contributes to the conceptual-theoretical discussion of the development of gender equality work at organisations. Based on this study, I argue that it would be reasonable to use the term sexist harassment when individual harassment experiences and organisational harassment incidences are discussed. Additionally, the concepts of sexism and sexist discrimination should be considered, especially when the ideology behind the harassment is addressed. Nussbaum’s capabilities approach complements Acker’s theory of gendered organisations in a meaningful manner by providing concrete gender equality indicators for organisations’ gender equality workTiivistelmä Tutkimus tarkastelee seksististä häirintää ja sukupuolten tasa-arvopolitiikan rakentumista Oulun yliopistossa, joka on yksi suurimmista yliopistoista Suomessa. Lisäksi tutkimus paikantuu toimenpiteisiin jotka on tarkoitettu sukupuolisen ja seksuaalisen häirinnän ehkäisemiseen, näiden toimenpiteiden toimeenpanoon ja niiden käytännöllisiin seurauksiin. Yliopistot ovat tiedon tuottamisen paikkoja, mutta tutkimuksen mukaan seksistinen häirintä vähintäänkin tilanteisesti haittaa ja voi jopa kyseenalaistaa akatemian keskeisten tehtävien — uuden tiedon tuottamisen ja ylläpitämisen – toteuttamista. Ackerin sukupuolistuneiden organisaatioiden teoriaa käytetään analyysin kehikkona kolmella tasolla: rakenteet, resurssit ja prosessit. Lukesin ja Olsenin valtakäsitteitä käytetään paikantamaan ja tekemään näkyväksi tasa-arvotyön katvealueita, jotka liittyvät seksuaalisen häirinnän eliminoimiseen. Nussbaumin inhimillisten kyvykkyyksien lähestymistapaa käytetään vahvistamaan yksittäisen toimijan perspektiiviä. Lisäksi analyysissa otetaan huomioon intersektionaalisuus. Tutkimusmenetelmänä on tapaustutkimus. Yksityiskohtaista ja intensiivistä tietoa tuotetaan käyttämällä vaihtelevia ja toisiaan täydentäviä aineistoja, analyysimenetelmiä, näkökulmia ja perspektiivejä. Tutkimus osallistuu käsitteellis-teoreettiseen keskusteluun sukupuolten tasa-arvotyön kehittämisestä organisaatiossa. Tutkimukseen perustuen esitän, että olisi perusteltua ottaa käyttöön käsite seksistinen häirintä, kun häirintää tarkastellaan häirittyjen näkökulmasta kokemuksen tasolla, ja käyttää käsitteitä seksismi ja seksistinen diskriminaatio viitattaessa häirinnän taustalla vaikuttavaan ideologiaan ja häiritsijän teon luonteeseen. Nussbaumin inhimillisten kyvykkyyksien lähestymistapa täydentää mielekkäällä tavalla Ackerin sukupuolistuneiden organisaatioiden teoriaa, koska se tarjoaa konkreettisia indikaattoreita organisaatioille niiden työssä tasa-arvon edistämiseksi
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Clark, Camilla. "The No.1 Ladies´ Detective Agency : Sexist opinions as part of an appealing character." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-4106.
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Na, Pattalung Piengpen Newsom Ron. "An analysis of sexist language in ESL textbooks by Thai authors used in Thailand." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9057.
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Sullivan, Catherine M. "The role of communication, life role commitments, and sexist ideologies in dual-earner marriages." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8485.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Counseling and Personnel Services. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Ottenbreit, Alison LeaAnne. "Individual differences in rejecting traditional gender roles influence perceptions of sexist environments and self-concept." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/279.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Batiot, A. "Women's political specificity : Feminist and anti-sexist mobilization on the liberalization of abortion in France 1965-1975." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378422.
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Lemon, Rochelle L. "African American Women's Experiences of Racist and Sexist Events and Their Relation to the Career Choice Process." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1280107432.
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Belan, Kyra. "The effect of sexist attitudes on the perception of visual artists by community college and university students." FIU Digital Commons, 1992. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1507.
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This study compared the effects of sexist labeling on the perceptions of visual artists by the community college and university students and determined their sex role orientation.
The 370 students were shown five slides of an artist's works and were given six versions of an artist's biography. It contained embedded sexual labeling (woman, girl, person/ she, man, guy, person/he). The Artist Evaluation Questionnaire was administered to the female and male community college and university students that required the students to evaluate the female and male artists on several aspects of affective and cognitive measures. The questionnaire consisted of 9 items that had to be rated by the participants. In addition, the students filled out the Demographic Questionnaire and the BEM Sex Role Inventory, titled the Attitude Questionnaire. The Analysis of Variance testing procedures were administered to analyze the responses.
The results disclosed gender differences in students' ratings. The female artist's work, when the artist was referred to by the neutral sexual label, "person", received significantly higher ratings from the female students. The male students gave the female artist her highest ratings when she was referred to by the low status sexual label, "girl". Both sexes did not express statistically significant preferences for any of the male sexual labels.
Gender difference became apparent when it was found that female students rated both sexes equally, and their ratings were lower than those of the male students. The male students rated the female artist's work higher than the work of the male artist.
The analysis of the sex role inventory questionnaire revealed the absence of the feminine (expressive) and masculine (instrumental) personalities among the students. The personalities of almost all the students were androgynous, with a few within the range of the near feminine, and a few within the range of the near masculine.
The study reveals that there are differences in perception of sexual labels among the community college and university students.
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Nardini, Krizia. "Uneven routes of mobilizing "as Men": reconfiguring masculinities among anti-sexist groups of men in Italy and Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667110.
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Partint d'estudis acadèmics de gènere i recerques qualitatives, feministes i etnogràfiques anteriors, aquesta tesi adopta un enfocament socioantropològic alhora que explora una sèrie de reflexions crítiques i creatives sobre les pràctiques i les relacions de gènere derivades del comportament antisexista que adopten avui alguns homes a Itàlia i Espanya. A més, s'ha d'entendre en un context de crisi econòmica neoliberal i de la societat de la informació. Empíricament, el nostre objectiu és analitzar de manera contextualitzada la manera com les pràctiques dels homes es poden reconfigurar materialment i discursivament cap a un canvi positiu. D'altra banda, en l'àmbit teòric, els nostres objectius són tres: en primer lloc, entendre i establir relacions genealògiques entre grups d'homes i les tradicions feministes amb les quals es relacionen; en segon lloc, investigar les vies de la seva política de masculinitat orientada al feminisme, i, en tercer lloc, oferir material aclaridor i contribuir, així, als debats políticament i acadèmicament rellevants en contextos de transformació de les relacions de gènere.Partiendo de estudios académicos de género e investigaciones cualitativas, feministas y etnográficas anteriores, esta tesis adopta un enfoque socioantropológico a la vez que explora una serie de reflexiones críticas y creativas sobre las prácticas y las relaciones de género derivadas del comportamiento antisexista que adoptan hoy algunos hombres en Italia y España. Debe, además, entenderse en un contexto de crisis económica neoliberal y de la sociedad de la información. Empíricamente, nuestro objetivo es analizar de manera contextualizada la manera como las prácticas de los hombres se pueden reconfigurar materialmente y discursivamente hacia un cambio positivo. Por otro lado, en el ámbito teórico, nuestros objetivos son tres: en primer lugar, entender y establecer relaciones genealógicas entre grupos de hombres y las tradiciones feministas con las que se relacionan; en segundo lugar, investigar las vías de su política de masculinidad orientada al feminismo, y, en tercer lugar, ofrecer material aclaratorio y contribuir, así, a los debates políticamente y académicamente relevantes en contextos de transformación de las relaciones de género.
With previous academic gender studies and qualitative, feminist, ethnographical research laying its foundation, this thesis takes on a socio-anthropological approach while exploring a number of critical-creative elaborations on practices and gender relations resulting from contemporary, anti-sexist men¿s engagements in Italy and Spain. Moreover, it must be understood within a context of neoliberal economic crises and the information society. Empirically speaking, we aim to take a contextualized look at how men¿s practices can be materially and discursively reconfigured towards positive change. Meanwhile, on a theoretical level, our objectives are threefold: firstly, to understand and draw genealogical relations between groups of men and the feminist traditions they relate to; secondly, to investigate the pathways of their feminist-oriented masculinity politics; and, thirdly, to offer insightful contributions to politically and academically relevant debates in gender-transformative contexts.
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Kroeger, Janice E. "An investigation of the effects of a non-sexist curriculum on the preschool groups sex-role stereotypical behavior /." View online, 1990. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998880830.pdf.
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Cumpstone, Tess E. "Acts of Public Survival: The Role of Artivism in Exposing the Sexist-Ableist Nexus in Campus Rape Culture." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523981154663805.
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Dorner, William. "FEMINIST, LINGUISTIC, AND RHETORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON LANGUAGE REFORM." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3100.
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As people become aware that society treats women unfairly, they also perceive related shortcomings in the way that Modern English references women. For example, many have objected to the so-called generic he, the third-person masculine pronoun employed to refer to a person of unknown gender, and provided several alternatives, few of which have been widely adopted. Nonetheless, change is evident in the case of they becoming an increasingly common solution to refer to a person of unidentified gender. The intentional reform of the Modern English language, both in the past and present, has been a result of people s reactions to what is often perceived as a bias or a deficiency with what is possible to say given the words at their disposal. The rhetorical significance of reform is profound, and scholars continually broach the subject from the perspective of different disciplines. Explored here are the approaches of three of those fields, feminism, linguistics, and rhetoric; how each reacts to and even influences reform is an important part of the study. What is evident is that, regardless of the particular field, reform remains a force of change, even while it may not be broadly recognized. Further, traditional grammatical rules provide an insufficient means for tackling inequalities in Modern English, and are in part responsible for such imbalance. As such, writers must be aware of the present expectations of their audience and the situation of particular words.M.A.
Department of English
Arts and Humanities
English MA
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Magnusson, Sophia. "Sexist Language : Gender marking of occupational terms and the non-parallel treatment of boy and girl." Thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5836.
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In everyday life women are exposed to sexist language. Terms and usages that exclude or discriminate women are referred to as sexist language. This takes into account that one presumes that maleness is the standard, the norm, and that femaleness is the non-standard, or the exception. The aim of this paper was to find whether gratuitous modifiers such as girl, lady, female and woman are used more frequently than the male markings and whether girl is used to a wider extent than boy to denote an adult. The aim includes two aspects of sexist language. Firstly, the aspect of calling women girls and men men, called non-parallel treatment. Secondly, the fact that it is more common for unmarked terms to refer to males while when referring to females a marked term is needed. As primary source for the study the Time Corpus was used, which is an online corpus containing over 100 million words and ranges from 1923-2007. The conclusion of this essay was that the female sex is more commonly marked and that woman/women are the most commonly used premodifiers. Gender markings most likely apply to occupations and labels which are thought of as either typically male or female. Furthermore, it was found that girl was used to a wider extent than boy to denote an adult. In addition, the results presented a possible change of trends where girl referred to a child to a larger extent in contemporary English.
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Camargo, Edson Carpes. "Quem disse que não é coisa de menina: provocações acerca das relações de gênero no ensino técnico em agropecuária do IFRS – Câmpus Bento Gonçalves." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3682.
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Esta tese problematiza as relações de gênero num campo que há muito tempo foi, e ainda é, considerado de “predomínio” masculino: a área da Técnica em Agropecuária, com o objetivo de identificar como docentes do Curso Técnico em Agropecuária do IFRS – Câmpus Bento Gonçalves compreendem as relações de gênero que se estabelecem entre as alunas e os alunos durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O processo metodológico perpassou a análise documental sobre os livros de Atas do Conselho Consultivo e da Cooperativa Escolar e de Trabalho dos Alunos do Colégio de Viticultura e Enologia; a realização de entrevista semi-estruturada e a realização de quatro Grupos de Discussão dos quais três serão analisados neste estudo. Fizeram parte dos Grupos de Discussão, docentes que atuam no Curso Técnico em Agropecuária do IFRS – Câmpus Bento Gonçalves e que têm formação na área técnica. Sendo assim, de 87 docentes do câmpus, 12 participaram deste estudo, focando a problemática central em como ensinar jovens no curso técnico em agropecuária levando em consideração a formação técnica de quem ensina no curso. Os resultados indicam que a educação segue sexista na forma como o ensino técnico é encarado. A visão naturalizada dos gêneros, em que as meninas/mulheres são descritas como atenciosas, organizadas e concentradas, numa relação oposta à compreensão de que os meninos/homens são fortes, desorganizados, determinados, confirma de uma certa forma que o feminino, apesar da coragem de se fazer presente nessas escolas, deve ter o seu lugar porque é diferente e essa diferença acaba desprestigiando, desvalorizando e esmaecendo o vigor criativo e a potência de aprendizagem que elas possuem. Por outro lado, ao admitir o ingresso da primeira estudante feminina em 1959, a instituição despertou a curiosidade sobre outras mulheres de virem a estudar nessa escola técnica, abrindo caminhos e possibilitando, por meio das memórias individuais e coletivas evocadas nessa tese, que o olhar se tornasse menos rígido sobre as janelas da história que se abrem para as relações de gênero.
This thesis discusses gender relations in a field that was, and still is, considered to be "predominantly" male: in the area of Technical Agriculture, aiming to identify how teachers of the Technical Course in Agriculture IFRS - Campus Bento Gonçalves understand gender relations that are established between the male students and the female students during the process of teaching and learning. The methodological process had the document analysis on the books of Minutes of the Advisory Council and the School Cooperative and Students’ Papers of the College of Viticulture and Enology; conducting semi-structured interviews and conducting four discussion groups of which three will be analyzed in this study. Teachers who work in the Technical Course in Agriculture IFRS - Campus Bento Gonçalves and have training in the technical area were part of the discussion groups. Therefore, from 87 campus teachers, 12 participated in this study, focusing on the central issue of how to teach young people the technical course in agriculture taking into account the technical training of those who teach the course. The results indicate that education continues sexist in the way technical education is viewed. A naturalized view of the genres, in which girls/women are described as thoughtful, organized and concentrated, in an opposite relation to the understanding that boys/men are strong, disorganized, certain, confirms in a way that the female, despite the courage to do this in these schools, should have its place because it is different and this difference ends discrediting, devaluing and fading the creative force and the power of learning they have. On the other hand, by allowing the admission of the first female student in 1959, the institution aroused the curiosity about other women to come to study in this technical school, opening paths and allowing, through individual and collective memories evoked in this thesis my view to become less rigid about the story windows that open to gender relations.
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Gutierrez, Menez Evangelina. "Heteronormatividad, estereotipos y actitudes relacionados al género. : Análisis comparativo de materiales didácticos de apoyo para la comprensión lectora de ELE en Suecia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49549.
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This paper discusses three aspects: heteronormativity, the gender stereotypes and attitudes towards gender that can be found in teaching materials for reading in the Spanish subject at upper secondary level in Sweden. The corpus for this study is a selection of anthologies and novels that are published in the Spanish language in Sweden. In order to identify heteronormativity, gender stereotypes and attitudes towards gender of the characters and narrators, the corpus is examined according to a number of variables such as sex, age, marital status, social class, and nationality, as well as theories and concepts such as hegemonic masculinity, androcentricity, homosociality, sexist attitudes (misogyny and misandry), the gender contract and binary opposition systems. The data will be presented in both quantitative and qualitative terms, and the outcome of this analysis will highlight the presence of gender stereotypes where the presence of female characters is minimal while the dominant presence of male characters establishes the norm, so that it is the stories of male characters that describe the world. Female characters do not participate in the public sphere; they are represented as mothers, sisters or daughters. They are seen as sexual objects who do not have a voice. Nevertheless, few cases of sexism (misogyny and misandry) are found in the corpus, and there are even cases of transgression that weaken the stereotype of the submissive woman, as well as cases of transgression where men express their feelings.
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Diniz, Maria Ilidiana. "Mulheres como eu, mulheres como as outras: desvelando o assédio moral e sexual no âmbito do trabalho das comerciárias do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8621.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorLes transformations dans lespace de travail et son impact entre hommes et femmes dans le contexte de la socialité capitaliste, ainsi que les tendances actuelles dans le travail des femmes, qui, entre autres choses accentuent les processus de hiérarchisation sont systématiquement traduits dans la violence au travail sous la forme de harcèlement moral et sexuel qui se caractérisent par lexposition de les travailleurs à des situations difficiles et humiliantes prolongées pendant au cours de la journée de travail sur lexercice de ses fonctions, et à son tour, les femmes étaient les plus victime de sorte que ces aspects intensifient la division sexuelle du travail et apporter des engagements sérieux à la liberté de ces sujets. Il est à noter que ces types de harcèlement se produisent aussi bien dans les relations dordre supérieur, comme dans les relations avec pas de hiérarchie supérieure, peuvent se produire entre pairs du même niveau hiérarchique. Toutefois, la tendance est la prévalence des relations qui est présent sous une forme de hiérarchie, que ce soit le genre ou dun rôle au sein de lentreprise. La question centrale qui a guidé cette travail était: comme visent le harcèlement moral e sexuel dans les situations de précarisation du travail des travailleuses du commerce de lÉtat du Rio Grande do Norte? Nous avons effectué les recherches bibliographique, le documentaire et de terrain. Ce dernier a été développé par la conduite dentretiens structurés avec dix-sept travailleurs de commerce dans les villes de Natal, Mossoró et Pau dos Ferros. En termes daspects concluants: 1. Le harcèlement moral e sexuel accentuent la intensification de la précarisation du travail des femmes qui a été principalement matérialisent par crainte de diverses façons: (a) la crainte de perdre leur emploi; (B) la crainte dêtre persécuté si dénonce les pratiques de harcèlement (c) peur d'être agressés verbalement (d) la crainte de voir les aspects exposés de la sexualité; 2. Le harcèlement moral e sexuel constituent comme des expressions de la violence sexiste contre les femmes en milieu de travail dans la contemporanéité ; 3. Les femmes vitimes de situations de violence dans le marché du travail ne didentifient pas les services publiques pour lesquels faire appel, les gouvernements dans les niveaux municipaux ou dÉtat, navons pas des services de prévention et de lutte contre ce phénomène mettant l'accent la précarisation du travail des femme; 4. À mon avis, la lutte contre ces violations implique un mouvement élargi de protestation contre les conditions de dégradation humaine imposée par le capitalisme et en même temps faire face aux conséquences désastreuses de patriarcat, le racisme et loppression subie par les femmes, historiquement construit et légitimés, mais qui sont susceptibles dêtre déconstruit et transformé, exigeant lorganisation collective. Tout effort de prévention/intervention ne peut pas ne pas tenir compte la nature de genre du harcèlement moral e sexuel qui constituent lune des formes les plus pernicieuses de la violence contre les femmes.
As transformações no âmbito do trabalho e sua repercussão entre homens e mulheres no contexto da sociabilidade capitalista, bem como, as tendências atuais do trabalho feminino, que, dentre outros aspectos acentuam os processos de hierarquização têm sistematicamente se traduzido em violências no mundo do trabalho sob a forma de assédio moral e sexual que se caracterizam pela exposição dos (as) trabalhadores (as) a situações humilhantes e constrangedoras prolongadas durante a jornada de trabalho relativa ao exercício de suas funções, tendo, por sua vez, as mulheres como as mais vitimizadas, de modo que, tais aspectos intensificam a divisão sexual do trabalho e trazem sérios comprometimentos para a liberdade desses sujeitos. Vale ressaltar que esses tipos de assédio se dão tanto no âmbito das relações hierarquicamente superiores, como no âmbito das relações sem hierarquia superior, podendo ocorrer entre colegas do mesmo nível hierárquico. Contudo, a tendência é a prevalência nas relações a qual está presente alguma forma de hierarquia, seja ela de gênero ou de função no interior da empresa. A questão central que orientou este trabalho foi: como se objetivam o assédio moral e o assédio sexual em situações de precarização do trabalho das comerciárias no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte? Realizamos pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Essa última foi desenvolvida por meio da realização de dezessete entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadoras do comércio das cidades de Natal, Mossoró e Pau dos Ferros. Em nível dos aspectos conclusivos destacamos: 1. O assédio moral e o assédio sexual potencializam a intensificação da precarização do trabalho feminino se concretizando fundamentalmente a partir do medo nas mais variadas formas: (a) medo de perder o emprego; (b) medo de ser perseguida, caso denuncie as práticas de assédio (c) medo de ser agredida verbalmente (d) medo de ver expostos aspectos da sexualidade; 2. O assédio moral e o assédio sexual se constituem como expressões da violência sexista contra as mulheres no âmbito do trabalho na contemporaneidade; 3. As mulheres que vivenciam/vivenciaram situações de violência na esfera laboral não identificam os serviços púbicos para os quais recorrer, haja vista os governos seja nas esferas municipal ou estadual não disporem de serviços de prevenção e combate a este fenômeno agravando a precarização do trabalho feminino; 4. O enfrentamento a essas violações pressupõe, no meu entender, um movimento ampliado de contestação das condições de degradação humana impostas pelo capitalismo e ao mesmo tempo enfrentar as nefastas consequências do patriarcado, do racismo e da opressão sofridas pelas mulheres, construídos e legitimados historicamente, mas que são passíveis de serem desconstruídos e transformados, exigindo organização coletiva para tal. Qualquer esforço de prevenção/intervenção não pode deixar de levar em conta a natureza genrada do assédio sexual e moral, o qual se constituem numa das formas mais perniciosas de violência contra as mulheres.
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Allred, Stephanie K. "Multiple levels of influence on the sexual assault victim : examining the relationship of sexist beliefs, social reactions, and self-blame on recovery /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1417809081&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-151). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ågren, Linda. "Linguistic sexism in mermaid tales : a study of linguistic sexism involving the mermaid figure in films." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11764.
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Andersson, Hanna, and Emilia Schytt. "Sexism in Advertising : A Qualitative Study of the Influence on Consumer Attitudes Towards Companies." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35770.
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Welling, Paula C. "Limited by Language: Words, Images, and Their Effect on Women." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1400944034.
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Taleb, Farhat Fatima. "Rôle des établissements scolaires dans la constructions de l'identité sexuée : de la discrimination vers l'inégalité (le cas du Liban)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20134/document.
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La présente thèse dont la problématique émerge de l'existence des rapports sociaux de sexe sur la scène sociale au Liban, vise à y trouver une contribution du système scolaire dans la formation de l'identité sexuée chez les élèves au primaire. Son objectif principal est d'explorer les façons dont l'institution scolaire traite les élèves des deux sexes, et qui engendre ensuite son rôle indéniable dans l'édification du genre chez eux-elles. L'hypothèse principale suppose à cet égard qu'une telle construction identitaire ne s'effectue pas de la même manière chez les filles et les garçons au sein des classes. Au début, les démarches méthodiques du travail, basées sur une pré-enquête par entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès des directeurs de 18 établissements scolaires au sud-Liban, ont décelé chez ces responsables, la présence d'une mentalité sexiste. A noter qu'ensuite, lors d'une série de 225 séances d'observation dans 11 classes du primaire, durant 4 mois successifs, on a pu affirmer la présence des effets enseignant-élève différenciés selon le sexe, tout en soulignant l'inculpation des pratiques des instituteurs-trices, puisqu'ils-elles prédéterminent souvent, et selon son sexe, la manière d'interagir avec l'enfant, d'ici découle la discrimination préalable. A côté de ça, l'analyse du contenu des manuels scolaires, faite sur six livres de maths à l'usage des classes enquêtées, a vérifié que ces livres motivent nettement une représentation stéréotypée de la société, d'où surgissent des positions sexuellement différenciées, témoignées par leur contenu. D'autre part, la majorité des classes observées, semble prêter à la socialisation sexuée, ce que montre l'étude de plusieurs variables durant les séances d'apprentissage, et qui peut aboutir, d'une façon ou d'autre, à généraliser l'universalisme masculin, et par suite à renforcer la domination masculine à travers des rapports hiérarchiques liés à l'appartenance sexuée des apprenant-e-sThe present thesis whose problematical emerges from the existence of the socialized terms of sex on the Lebanese social scene, where it aims to find a contribution of its scholar system in the formation of sexual identity among the child students in the primary cycle. So the main objective is to explore the ways in which the scholar institution treats the students of both sexes, that gives rise to their obvious role in the edification of the gender in the students. In this respect, the principal hypothesis supposes that such an identity construction can’t be effected evenly with girls and boys in the classes. At the beginning, the methodic proceedings of the study, based on a pre-inquiry via semi-directive talks conducted with the directors of 18 scholar establishments in south-Lebanon, have revealed in those responsible, the presence of sexual mentality. Further note that during a series of 225 observation sessions of 11 primary classes, made successively in 4 months, we could affirm the presence of teacher-student differentiated effects related to the sex of the latter, while noting an inculpation of teacher’s practices, for he/she often predetermines according to his sex, the mode of interacting with a child, a preliminary discrimination can therefore be deduced. In addition to that, a content analysis of 6 maths manuals belonging to the classes concerned, has been done, it verifies that these books motivate clearly a stereotyped representation of the society, where loom up sexually differentiated positions witnessed by their contents.On the other hand, the majority of the observed classes seems to enhance sexualized socialization, which is shown by many variables during apprenticeship sessions, this may lead in certain manners to generalize the masculine universalism and to strengthen therely the domination of the strong sex, through hierarchical terms linked to the sex of the student
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Serra, Payeras Pedrona. "La perspectiva de género en los estudios de ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402513.
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Esta tesis doctoral centra su atención en el análisis de la perspectiva de género en los estudios vinculados a la actividad física y el deporte. Para ello, se han formulado tres preguntas de investigación: 1) ¿Cuál es la evolución de la presencia de mujeres entre el alumnado y profesorado en los estudios vinculados a la familia de la actividad física y el deporte en Cataluña?, tratada a partir del análisis de los procesos de reproducción y cambio de los modelos tradicionales de género en la actividad física y el deporte, en el sistema educativo, y en el sistema universitario; 2) ¿Qué factores influyen en el interés del alumnado de 4º de ESO y 1º de Bachillerato hacia los estudios y el campo profesional de CAFyD?, que se aborda desde los planteamientos de la teoría cognitiva social del desarrollo de la carrera; y, 3) ¿Cómo se incluye la perspectiva de género en los planes de estudio del grado de CAFyD en España?, para la que se tienen en cuenta la teoría de la construcción social del discurso pedagógico y las phase theories de la perspectiva de género.
Se han desarrollado tres métodos de investigación diferentes, cada uno de los cuales se ha diseñado para dar respuesta a una de estas preguntas. El primer método utilizado consiste en el análisis de datos secundarios, a partir de la recopilación de datos históricos de matriculación y profesorado de los diferentes estudios relacionados con la actividad física y el deporte (desde ciclos formativos hasta estudios de doctorado) en Cataluña. Para responder al segundo interrogante se ha utilizado la encuesta estandarizada por cuestionario. El diseño de la muestra se ha realizado mediante el muestreo estratificado por conglomerados polietápico. Se ha recogido un total de 4.146 casos de Cataluña, la Comunidad de Madrid y Galicia. En la tercera y última pregunta de investigación se han analizado los materiales curriculares de grado de 16 universidades públicas españolas que imparten el grado universitario de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, seleccionadas mediante un muestreo por criterio. Mediante el método de análisis de contenido, se han analizado 16 memorias académicas y 763 guías docentes.
Los resultados obtenidos revelan una clara tendencia a la disminución de la presencia femenina en los estudios vinculados con las ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte, tanto entre el alumnado como entre el profesorado. Con relación al desarrollo del interés del alumnado de 4º de ESO y 1º de Bachillerato hacia el campo académico y profesional del grado universitario de CAFyD, los resultados del estudio constatan la importancia del apoyo social hacia las y los adolescentes, las expectativas de resultado hacia el campo de las CAFyD, así como los objetivos personales formulados hacia el futuro académico y profesional. Por último, en la tercera pregunta de investigación los resultados han desvelado diferentes niveles de incorporación de la perspectiva de género en los materiales curriculares del grado universitario mencionado así como diferentes discursos para abordar las cuestiones de género.
A partir del análisis de los datos de esta investigación y la revisión teórica desarrollada, finalmente se ha articulado un modelo teórico que recoge y relaciona el conjunto de elementos que permiten comprender cuál es la situación de los estudios de CAFyD desde la perspectiva de género. En definitiva, considerando el conjunto de procesos institucionales, sociales, culturales y pedagógicos que intervienen en el campo de la educación física, la actividad física y el deporte, se constata que es necesaria la transformación de los modelos y relaciones de género en las CAFyD para dar respuesta a la problemática observada.This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the gender perspective in training programmes related to physical activity and sport. To this end, three research questions were addressed: 1) What is the evolution of women’s presence among students and teachers in training programmes in the field of physical activity and sport in Catalonia?, tackled analysing the reproduction and change processes of traditional gender patterns in physical activity and sport, in the education system and in the university system; 2) What factors influence the interest of students of 4th ESO and 1st Bachillerato towards training programmes and careers in the field of PASS?, which was approached from the Social Cognitive Theory of Career Development; and, 3) How is the gender perspective integrated into the curriculum of the bachelor’s degree in PASS in Spain?, in which both the Theory of Social Construction of Pedagogical Discourse and Phase Theories of gender issues have been considered. Three different research methods were developed, each of which was designed to address one of these questions. First, the analysis of secondary data from historical records of enrolment and faculty of different programmes related to physical activity and sport in Catalonia. Second, an ad hoc questionnaire on the interest of students towards these programmes in Catalonia, Madrid and Galicia (n=4146). Third, content analysis of curricular materials (16 programme specification documents and 763 course handbooks) in 16 Spanish public universities offering the bachelor’s degree in PASS, selected through criterion sampling. Based on the data analysis and the theory review, the author developed a theoretical model. This model brings together and connects the set of elements that allow us to understand the status quo of PASS programmes from a gender perspective.
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Carneiro, Valnêda Cássia Santos. "O combate institucional da violência contra a mulher: estudo comparativo entre Brasil, Portugal e Espanha na implantação de Políticas Públicas." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/123456730/235.
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Em um momento histórico de grande difusão e de promulgação de leis específicas no Brasil, em Portugal e na Espanha, a violência contra a mulher ganha território de lutas, efetividade e avanços nas relações cotidianas. Através de uma abordagem teórico-jurídica, baseada nas letras jurídicas dos três países, objetiva-se realizar estudo comparativo com recorte na primeira década do milênio. Analisam-se, então, esses conceitos – poder, violência e instituições - conforme aparecem no contexto jurídico, a fim de evidenciar os instrumentos legais instituídos para implementar a proteção da mulher e um olhar mais apurado acerca das relações de gênero. Devido a semelhanças culturais, as leis brasileiras, portuguesas e espanholas acerca deste assunto são examinadas e comparadas. Dentro da linha de pesquisa Família e Sociedade, essa tese insere-se ainda na evidência da incapacidade do Direito em produzir efetiva proteção e fazer reconhecer a equivalência social entre a mulher e o homem, almejando um tratamento mais profundo e multidisciplinar. Constrói-se um quadro de interpretação calcado no elaborado por Göran Therborn ao estudar a diminuição da fertilidade das mulheres na França e nos Estados Unidos e respaldado nas conexões entre um fenômeno macroscópico e as inumeráveis decisões individuais que, em conjunto, vão constituí-lo. Com esta metodologia, evidencia-se que apenas a legislação, embora necessária, não é suficiente para acabar com a violência contra a mulher. A conditio sine qua non é a mudança de uma atitude cultural enraizada, de modo a permitir que se implante uma cosmovisão em que mulheres e homens sejam igualmente reconhecidos como livres e equivalentes.
The passing of laws aimed to protect women against violence in Brazil. Portugal and Spain, airs this issue and favors a forward movement of women’s fight for efficacy and advances in everyday gender relationships. Through a law-theoretical approach owing to the juridical thought from these countries, this work aims to make a comparative study in the matter suitable to the historical circumstances in this first decade of the millennium. So, concepts as power, violence and institutions are analyzed in a law perspective to exhibit the juridical tools created to implement women’s protection and a deeper sight in gender relationships as well. Owing to cultural similarities Brazilian, Portuguese and Spanish laws on this matter are reviewed and compared. In consonance with the research program on Family and Society, this thesis provides the evidence of factual inability of law to produce effective protection and to acknowledge social equivalence between women and men, which leds to a deeper multidisciplinary approach. An interpretation scheme was built following the one created by Göran Therborn when studying the diminishing of fertility among women in France and United States. Therborn’s scheme is grounded on the connection between macroscopic phenomena and multiple individual decisions laying beneath it, which is the case in violence against women within a traditionally male-centered society. Through this methodology it was evidenced that law itself, even though needed, is not enough to preclude violence against women. A radical change in a deep-rooted cultural attitude is conditio sine qua non to establish a worldview in which women and men could be equally recognized as free and equivalent.
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Schwarz, Juliane. "'Non-sexist language' at the beginning of the 21st century : interpretative repertoires and evaluation in the metalinguistic accounts of focus group participants representing differences in age and academic discipline." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441421.
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Machado, Antonio Augusto AraÃjo. "Estudo das representaÃÃes sociais do gÃnero feminino em piadas sobre a mulher." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4922.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEsta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, tem por fim analisar as representaÃÃes sociais do gÃnero feminino nas piadas de mulher loira e propÃe-se como objetivo estudar as estratÃgias lingÃÃstico-discursivas empregadas e de que forma elas contribuem para a manutenÃÃo de um discurso machista que sustenta o estereÃtipo mulher loira como burra e sexualmente disponÃvel. O corpus para a pesquisa foi obtido atravÃs da internet, considerando como requisito bÃsico a determinaÃÃo de certos lugares enunciativos, que orientariam a anÃlise. Para tal estudo, alÃm de considerarmos a abordagem de Moscovici acerca das representaÃÃes, buscamos a base teÃrica proveniente da AnÃlise do Discurso francesa, priorizando as contribuiÃÃes de Maingueneau acerca da polifonia e cena enunciativa, categorias estas que nos permitiram uma anÃlise mais apurada quanto Ãs marcas deixadas no discurso, a construÃÃo de cenas no espaÃo discursivo e a manifestaÃÃo de um espaÃo interdiscursivo e de que formas estes concorriam para a formaÃÃo dessas representaÃÃes. O estudo das representaÃÃes atravÃs do exame das piadas se deve ao fato de que consideramos que estas se tornam importantes disseminadoras de representaÃÃes e estereÃtipos, rentÃveis para uma anÃlise lingÃÃstica e discursiva, tal como a proposta. Este estudo se justifica nÃo sà por estar entre um universo de poucos trabalhos sobre o estudo de cunho humorÃstico, mas pela abordagem que faz, ao partir da polifonia e da cena enunciativa para examinar o funcionamento das piadas e a questÃo das representaÃÃes sociais voltadas para a figura da mulher loira. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos poderÃo apontar novos caminhos a serem trilhados na lingÃÃstica, anÃlise do discurso ou outro campo da ciÃncia que precise encontrar na linguagem a resposta para seus questionamentos no que se refere à relaÃÃo entre representaÃÃes, estereÃtipos e piadas
ABSTRACT This qualitative research intends to analyse the Social representations of the female gender in jokes concerning blondies, in order to study the discourse-language strategies used and how they work for keeping a sexist discourse which provides for a stereotyped image of that woman as ―stupid‖ and sexually available. The corpus for this research comes from the internet, considering as a basic requirement the determination of spaces of enunciation which guides the analysis. For this study, besides taking into account Moscoviciâs approach on representations, we focus on the theoretical basis from the French Discourse Analysis, highlighting Maingueneauâs views concerning polyphony and scene of enunciation, which enabled us to develop a more accurate analysis of the discourse marks, the building up of a scenery in the discourse and the manifestation of an interdiscoursive space and the way they led to give birth to the representations. The study of representations in jokes is due to the fact that we consider them important vehicles for representations and stereotypes alike,being profitable for both a linguistic and discoursive analysis as it is our proposal. This research becomes important not only for being one among a universe of a few ones, concerning humour, but also for its approach on polyphony and scene of enunciation to understand about the way jokes function and the matter of the social representations involving the character of the blonde woman. The results of this research may point out new horizons to be discovered in Linguistics, Discourse Analysis and other fields of knowledge which need to find in language the answers to their inquiries, in terms of relating representations, stereotypes, and jokes
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Lesné, Maud. "La perception et la mesure des discriminations racistes et sexistes." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080112/document.
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Les discriminations se sont finalement imposées comme l’un des mécanismes de production des inégalités qui jalonnent la société française et participent à la constitution de groupes de populations minorisés. Cette thèse aborde la question de la perception, de l’identification et de la dénonciation des discriminations racistes et sexistes sous un angle méthodologique à partir des données de l’enquête Trajectoires et Origines (TeO). Il n’existe pas de correspondance automatique entre les discriminations telles qu’elles se produisent et leurs déclarations. Cette thèse invalide les soupçons de sur déclaration des discriminations racistes qu’implique leur enregistrement massif et confirme l’existence d’une sous-déclaration des discriminations sexistes qui les fait apparaître comme un phénomène marginal. L’enquête TeO parvient à contourner les obstacles qui limitent les déclarations de discriminations racistes que sont le doute, le rejet d’un positionnement victimaire, la valorisation du mérite, la résignation mais ne parvient pas à pallier les mécanismes qui inhibent les déclarations de discriminations sexistes. Le déficit de sensibilisation des femmes, le discrédit du féminisme, leur intériorisation associée à leur caractère principalement systémique rendent les discriminations sexistes insaisissables. De plus, l’analyse intersectionnelle met au jour comment le croisement d’une situation de dominant liée au sexe à une situation de dominé liée à la prétendue race place les hommes racisés au cœur d’une intersection génératrice de tensions qui rendent les discriminations à leur encontre plus manifestes que celles subies par les femmes raciséesDiscrimination has finally been acknowledged as one of the mechanisms behind the inequality that pervades French society and contributes to the formation of minoritized population groups. The present doctoral thesis explores the perception, identification and reporting of racial and sexist discrimination from a methodological perspective, drawing on data from the Trajectories and Origins (TeO) survey. There is no automatic correspondence between occurrences of discrimination and their reporting. This thesis refutes the suspicion that racial discrimination is over-reported, fed by the huge volume of recorded cases, and confirms the massive under-reporting of sexist discrimination, which makes it appear a marginal phenomenon. While the TeO survey successfully circumvented the obstacles that traditionally deter respondents from reporting racial discrimination, namely doubt, resignation, a refusal of victimhood and a belief in merit, it could not overcome the mechanisms that inhibit the reporting of sexist discrimination. The latter’s largely systemic nature has led to its internalization, while women’s lack of awareness and the discrediting of feminism in France have also helped to make sexist discrimination difficult – if not impossible to measure. Moreover, the use of an intersectional approach revealed that being dominant in relation to sex, but dominated with regard to so-called race, places racialized men at a tension-charged intersection that makes discrimination against them more visible than that experienced by racialized women
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Palm, Clara. "Buscamos profesor@s : Un estudio del género gramatical en anuncios de trabajo y dentro del profesorado sueco." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Romanska och klassiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118163.
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El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar el uso preferido del género gramatical y en particular el genérico masculino. Muchos son los estudios realizados sobre el genérico masculino en otras lenguas, pero pocos los que se han centrado en describir el uso en el español. Es por ello que pretendemos profundizar el entendimiento de este campo mediante un análisis del género gramatical usado para denominar profesiones y cargos en bolsas de trabajo en la página web española, y además cómo el profesorado sueco lo aplica cuando refieren a alumnos oralmente o por escrito y cómo prefieren que otros hagan referencia a su propia profesión. El corpus consta de títulos de 265 anuncios de cuatro profesiones de cuatro sitios web españoles y 69 respuestas de un cuestionario compartido en un grupo para profesores de español en Facebook. Es un estudio del tipo cuantitativo y se analiza el resultado según el uso del género gramatical. Partimos de la hipótesis de que hay una gran variedad de uso; en gran parte arbitraria, pero también que se organiza el uso según los estereotipos. Los hallazgos principales son que en el 69 % de los anuncios de trabajo el uso más frecuente no es el genérico masculino sino la inclusión de las dos formas gramaticales, hecha de varias maneras y en el uso entre los profesores el genérico masculino es el más usado, no obstante, hay una multitud de preferencias y para resumir constatamos que hay una gran variedad en el uso en los contextos investigados.
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Santana, Marleny da Penha Oliveira. "Atuação feminina em profissões consideradas masculinas: O caso da Informática." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2009. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2018.
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Previous issue date: 2009-04-22This study aims at investigating prejudice against women through the men's opinions regarding to feminine insertion in a profession considered masculine: information technology. Specifically, we planned to answer to the following question: how do men evaluate women that act in professions of masculine prevalence? Our sample was constituted by 253 men. Of these, 54.2% were information technology students and 45.8% were emplyees in two information technology companies, one federal and one municipal. The mean age was 31.4 years (DP=10.7 years), with minimum of 18 and maximum 58 year-old. Two thirds of participants (66.6%) were married or lived with somebody. The participants answered a questionnaire formed by open questions and Likert-type scales. Taken together, the results indicate that the adhesion to the hostile sexism and the benevolent sexism co-exist among the participants, however, a tendency exists to higher levels of hostile sexism among the students. Those results are discussed from the perspective of the Theory of the Realistic Conflicts (Sherif, 1967).
Este estudo tem como objetivo principal investigar o preconceito contra as mulheres por meio das opiniões dos homens a respeito da inserção feminina em uma profissão considerada masculina: a tecnologia da informação. Especificamente, planejamos responder à seguinte questão: como os homens avaliam mulheres que atuam em profissões de predomínio masculino? Nossa amostra foi constituída por 253 homens, dos quais 54,2% eram estudantes da área de informática e 45,8% atuavam em duas empresas de tecnologia da informação, uma federal e outra municipal. A idade média foi de 31,4 anos (DP=10,7 anos), com idade mínima de 18 e máxima de 58 anos. Dois terços dos participantes (66,6%) eram casados ou moravam junto com alguém. Os participantes responderam a um questionário formado por questões abertas e em formato Likert. Tomados em conjunto, os resultados indicam que tanto a adesão ao sexismo hostil quanto ao benevolente co-existem entre os participantes, no entanto, existe uma tendência ao sexismo hostil ser mais alta entre os estudantes. Esses resultados são discutidos à luz da Teoria dos Conflitos Realistas (Sherif, 1967).
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Balarezo, López Gunther. "Los premios Darwin: La ciencia de lo absurdo." Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625998.
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Los Premios Darwin son otorgados de forma póstuma a personas que han realizado un acto estúpido y han perdido la vida como consecuencia de dicho acto, por lo que parte del supuesto que el ser humano menos dotado genéticamente, no sobrevive. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en internet (google académico y descriptor DeCS), debido a que no se encontró información en otras fuentes. Este premio ha despertado la curiosidad de los investigadores para explicar las razones por las que los hombres se exponen más que las mujeres a situaciones peligrosas, llegando a postular la “teoría de la idiotez masculina”.The Darwin Awards are awarded posthumously to people who have performed a stupid act and have lost their lives as a result of that act, so part of the assumption that the human less endowed genetically, does not survive. To do this, a bibliographical review was made on the internet (Google Sscholar and descriptor DeCS), because no information was found in other sources. This award has aroused the curiosity of researchers to explain the reasons why men expose themselves more than women to dangerous situations, even postulating the “male idiocy theory”.
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Clement-Pessiani, Céline. "Derrière chaque (grand) homme, il y a une femme...qui accepte de rester derrière : comprendre l'acceptation du sexisme bienveillant par les femmes et son adoption par les hommes : l'approche des rôles de sexe." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100189/document.
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Cette recherche articule les concepts de sexisme bienveillant et de rôle de sexe pour tenter d’expliquer pourquoi les hommes se montrent sexistes bienveillants envers les femmes et surtout pourquoi les femmes l’approuvent. Nous poursuivrons trois objectifs principaux. Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous ferons l’hypothèse que le sexisme bienveillant est en fait une composante du rôle de sexe des femmes et des hommes, avec des attentes différentes selon le sexe. La deuxième partie sera centrée sur les femmes. D’après la littérature, le sexisme bienveillant a des conséquences négatives pour elles. Nous chercherons à savoir si les femmes peuvent simplement le rejeter sans être jugées négativement. Nous postulerons que l'attitude d’une femme quant au sexisme bienveillant détermine si elle sera acceptée ou rejetée. Si elle ne l’approuve pas, alors elle perdra en féminité perçue parce qu’elle déviera de son rôle. Puis, nous établirons que réaffirmer son adhésion à son rôle de sexe lui permettra de rejeter le sexisme bienveillant sans être perçue comme déviante. Enfin, nous nous tournerons vers les hommes. Nous identifierons les circonstances dans lesquelles les femmes peuvent préférer les hommes anti-sexisme bienveillant et où les hommes perçoivent le sexisme bienveillant comme un désavantage. Neuf expériences réalisées sur un total de 684 personnes viendront valider ces hypothèses. Cette thèse propose une explication à l’acceptation et l’expression des attitudes et comportements de sexisme bienveillant observés dans la littérature et attire l'attention sur la difficulté pour les femmes de repousser cette forme spécifique de sexismeThis research connects the concepts of benevolent sexism and sex roles to try to explain why men are benevolent sexists towards women and most importantly why women approve it. We will pursue three main goals. In the first part of this work, we will hypothesize that benevolent sexism is in fact a component of women’s and men’s sex role, with different expectations depending on one’s sex. The second part will be centered on women. According to the literature, benevolent sexism has negative consequences on them. We will seek to know if women can simply reject it without being judged negatively. We will hypothesize that a woman’s attitude regarding benevolent sexism determines whether she is accepted or rejected. If she does not approve of it, then she will be perceived as less feminine because she will be deviating from her role. Then, we will show that reaffirming her adhesion to her sex role will allow her to reject benevolent sexism without being perceived as a deviant. Lastly, we will turn to men. We will identify the circumstances in which women can prefer men rejecting benevolent sexism and where men perceive benevolent sexism as a disadvantage. Nine experiments made on a total of 684 people will confirm these hypothesizes. This thesis offers an explanation to the acceptance and the expression of benevolent sexist attitudes and behaviors observed in the literature and attracts reader’s attention to how difficult it is for women to reject this specific form of sexism
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Paterson, Laura Louise. "The use and prescription of epicene pronouns : a corpus-based approach to generic he and singular they in British English." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9118.
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In English the personal pronouns are morphologically marked for grammatical number, whilst the third-person singular pronouns are also obligatorily marked for gender. As a result, the use of any singular animate antecedent coindexed with a third-person pronoun forces a choice between he and she, whether or not the biological sex of the intended referent is known. This forced choice of gender, and the corresponding lack of a gender-neutral third-person singular pronoun where gender is not formally marked, is the primary focus of this thesis. I compare and contrast the use of the two main candidates for epicene status, singular they and generic he, which are found consistently opposed in the wider literature. Using corpus-based methods I analyse current epicene usage in written British English, and investigate which epicene pronouns are given to language-acquiring children in their L1 input. I also consider current prescriptions on epicene usage in grammar texts published post-2000 and investigate whether there is any evidence that language-external factors impact upon epicene choice. The synthesis of my findings with the wider literature on epicene pronouns leads me to the conclusion that, despite the restrictions imposed on the written pronoun paradigm evident in grammatical prescriptivism, singular they is the epicene pronoun of British English.