Dissertations / Theses: 'Sexual intentions'

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Bowen, Julie A. "Parent-Adolescent Communication and Adolescents' Sexual Intentions." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2354.

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This study investigated the quality and quantity of sexual communication between teens and parents in relation to the teens' sexual intentions. Perceptions about communication were examined of parents and adolescents of both genders separately. Both same- and cross-gender effects of parental communication on adolescent sexual intentions were explored. Approximately 290 families (target teen and parent) were measured in pre- and posttests. Parents perceived higher quality communication with teens than teens did, but not necessarily more frequent sexual communication. As teens' perceptions of quality of communication with mother and father went up, teens' sexual intentions went down. The higher sons' intention toward early sexual involvement, the more often sons perceived that their parents talked with them about sexual issues. Daughters who perceived more sexual communication with parents at Time 1 reported higher sexual intentions at Time 2. Fathers perceived that as quality and frequency of communication with daughter went up, the daughter's sexual intentions also went up. Fathers perceived that as frequency of communication with all teens went up, the teen's sexual intentions also went up. Mothers perceived that the higher the quality of communication with sons at Time 1, the higher the sexual intentions among sons at Time 2. The more often mothers perceived that their daughters talked with them about sexual issues at Time 1, the higher the daughters' intention toward early sexual involvement at Time 2. The more the discrepancy between teens and fathers and mothers about c communication quality, the more the adolescents' intention toward early sexual involvement.

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Bullen, Julie A. "Parent-Adolescent Communication and Adolescents' Sexual Intentions." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2380.

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This study investigated the quality and quantity of sexual communication between teens and parents in relation to the teens' sexual intentions. Perceptions about communication were examined of parents and adolescents of both genders separately. Both same- and cross-gender effects of parental communication on adolescent sexual intent ions were explored. Approximately 290 families (target teen and parent) were measured in pre- and posttests. Parents perceived higher quality communication with teens than teens did, but not necessarily more frequent sexual communication. As teens' perceptions of quality of communication with mother and father went up, teens' sexual intentions went down. The higher sons' intention toward early sexual involvement, the more often sons perceived that their parents talked with them about sexual issues. Daughters who perceived more sexual communication with parents at Time 1 reported higher sexual intentions at Time 2. Fathers perceived that as quality and frequency of communication with daughter went up, the daughter's sexual intentions also went up. Fathers perceived that as frequency of communication with all teens went up, the teen's sexual intentions also went up. Mothers perceived that the higher the quality of communication with sons at Time 1, the higher the sexual intentions among sons at Time 2. The more often mothers perceived that their daughters talked with them about sexual issues at Time 1, the higher the daughters' intention toward early sexual involvement at Time 2. The more the di screpancy between teens and fathers and mothers about communication quality, the more the adolescents' intention toward early sexual involvement.

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Christopherson, Cynthia R. "Pubertal Development, Parent-Teen Communication, and Sexual Values as Predictors of Adolescent Sexual Intentions and Sexually Related Behaviors." DigitalCommons@USU, 1993. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2393.

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Adolescent sexual intercourse can be viewed as a normal developmental experience, but intercourse also is linked to unplanned pregnancies, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Consequently, there continues to be a high level of scientific interest in understanding antecedents of adolescent sexual behavior, especially early and more risky sexual intercourse. This study examined several key antecedents of adolescent sexual intentions and behavior, including pubertal development (pubertal status, change over time, and pubertal timing). parent/teen communication, and teen sexual values. Analyses were based on longitudinal data collected in 1991, 1992, and 1993 from parents and teens during the FACTS & feelings project conducted within three areas in northern Utah. Regression and path analyses were used to test the direct and indirect effects among the variables. Parent/teen communication quality had a significant positive effect on teen sexual abstinent values for both males and females. Sexual abstinent values had a strong negative effect on sexual intentions for both males and females. Sexual values were more strongly related to sexual behavior for females than for males. Sexual intentions had a significant effect on sexual behaviors for both males and females, although this effect was stronger for males than for females. Pubertal timing had a significant effect on behaviors for males and a smaller although significant effect for females Age also had a significant positive effect for both male and female adolescents. Overall, within these analyses, females were more influenced by values which directly and indirectly affect sexual behaviors. Males were more influenced by the FACTS & feelings treatment, pubertal timing, and sexual intentions.

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Benbouriche, Massil. "Étude expérimentale des effets de l'alcool et de l'excitation sexuelle en matière de coercition sexuelle." Thèse, Rennes 2, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18445.

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Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l'Université Européenne de Bretagne - Rennes 2
Alors que plusieurs auteurs ont souligné l’existence d’un contexte social relativement permissif pour expliquer l’ampleur de la coercition sexuelle dont sont victimes les femmes, cette thèse a privilégié un niveau d’analyse individuel. De concert avec une perspective interactionniste somme toute classique, il a alors été proposé que des facteurs situationnels puissent contribuer à actualiser des facteurs de risque individuels et, par ce biais, précipiter le passage à l’acte. L'objectif général de cette thèse était ainsi d'étudier expérimentalement les effets de l'alcool et de l'excitation sexuelle sur la perception du consentement et les intentions comportementales d'utiliser des stratégies coercitives pour avoir une relation sexuelle. Plus exactement, et afin d’étudier les effets de l’alcool sur la perception des intentions comportementales exprimées par une femme, un plan expérimental inter-participants a permis de répartir aléatoirement 150 participants, issus de la population générale, dans une condition Avec alcool ou dans une condition Sans alcool. La concentration d’alcool dans le sang visée était de 0,8 g/L (2,22 ml de vodka à 40 % par kg). Par la suite, les participants étaient à nouveau répartis aléatoirement dans l'une des deux modalités du facteur Excitation sexuelle, soit Avec excitation sexuelle et Sans excitation sexuelle. Un plan factoriel inter-participants 2x2 a alors permis d'étudier les effets de l'alcool et de l'excitation sexuelle sur le temps de latence pour indiquer qu'une femme n'est plus intéressée par avoir une relation sexuelle, ainsi que sur les intentions comportementales d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives non-violentes et de commettre un viol. Pour ce qui est de la perception des intentions comportementales, les résultats, obtenus à l’aide d’analyses de variance mixte, indiquent qu’il existe une difficulté à percevoir correctement une absence de consentement lorsqu’elle n’est pas exprimée avec suffisamment d’intensité. Toutefois, cette difficulté est indépendante des effets de l’alcool, dans la mesure où elle se manifeste aussi bien chez les hommes qui ont consommé de l’alcool que chez ceux qui n’ont pas consommé d’alcool. Pour ce qui est de l’identification d’une absence de consentement sexuel, les résultats, obtenus à l’aide de modèles de régression linaire multiple et de régression de Cox, indiquent qu’il existe un effet de l’alcool, mais que cet effet est modéré par les distorsions cognitives. Toutefois, si la consommation d’alcool contribue, chez les individus présentant des distorsions cognitives au-delà d’un certain niveau, à différer l’identification d’une absence de consentement sexuel, elle ne l’empêche pas. Enfin, les résultats, issus de modèles de régression linéaire multiple et logistique multiple, indiquent que l’effet de l’alcool sur les intentions comportementales d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives est également modéré (et conditionné) par le niveau de distorsions cognitives. Plus exactement, malgré la perception d’une absence de consentement sexuel, notamment lorsqu’elle est exprimée avec suffisamment d’intensité, les individus qui présentent un niveau particulièrement élevé de distorsions cognitives sont plus à risque d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives non-violentes en l’absence d’alcool, mais sont également plus à risque de commettre un viol lorsqu’ils ont consommé de l’alcool. Par ailleurs, les résultats indiquent que notre manipulation de l’excitation sexuelle pourrait avoir, au moins partiellement, échoué. De nouvelles études apparaissent ainsi nécessaires afin de comprendre le rôle éventuel de l’excitation sexuelle dans la perception du consentement et les intentions comportementales d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives pour avoir une relation sexuelle. Alors que ces résultats ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles recherches afin de mieux comprendre les processus et mécanismes par lesquels l’alcool peut, chez certains individus, contribuer à expliquer la coercition sexuelle, des implications pratiques peuvent également être proposées. Ainsi, si les résultats relatifs à la perception du consentement soutiennent l’importance de programmes de prévention primaire, voire situationnelle, les résultats relatifs aux intentions comportementales d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives soulignent que des programmes de prévention secondaire apparaissent également comme un élément indispensable d’une politique efficace de prévention de la coercition sexuelle.
While a relatively permissive social context has been argued to explain the extent of sexual coercion against women, this dissertation has favored an individual level of analysis. In accordance with a classic interactionist perspective, situational factors have been proposed to contribute to trigger individual risk factors and, therefore, precipitate sexual coercion. The overall objective of this dissertation was to experimentally study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication and sexual arousal on the perception of consent and on behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies to have sex. More precisely, a between-subjects design was used to study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication in men on their perception of a woman’s behavioral intents. The 150 participants, recruited from the general population, were thus randomized either in a condition With alcohol or in a condition Without alcohol. The targeted blood alcohol content was 0,08 % (2,22 ml of 40% alcohol-by-volume Absolut vodka per kg of body weight). Then, participants were once again randomized in one of the two levels of “Sexual arousal” factor: a condition With sexual arousal and a condition Without sexual arousal. A 2x2 between-subjects factorial design was thereby used to study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication and sexual arousal on the latency to indicate that a woman is no longer interested in having sex as well as on the behavioral intentions to use non-violent coercive strategies and to commit rape. First, in regards to the perception of a woman’s behavioral intents, the results of mixed ANOVAs indicate that there exists a difficulty in correctly perceiving an absence of consent if it is not expressed with sufficient intensity. However, this difficulty is independent of the effects of alcohol consumption, as participants in both conditions express this difficulty. Secondly, for the identification of an absence of sexual consent, results of multiple linear regressions and Cox regression indicate that alcohol consumption does have an effect, but this effect is moderated by cognitive distortions. Moreover, if alcohol consumption contributes to postpone the identification of an absence of sexual consent in participants with a higher level of cognitive distortions, it does not ultimately hinder it. Finally, results of multiple linear and multiple logistic regressions indicate that the effect of alcohol consumption on behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies to have sex is also moderated (and conditioned) by the level of cognitive distortions. Despite the fact that participants ultimately correctly perceive an absence of sexual consent, those with a higher level of cognitive distortions are more likely to use non-violent coercive strategies to have sex if no alcohol is consumed and, are also more likely to commit rape when they consume alcohol. Moreover, results indicate that our experimental manipulation of sexual arousal may have partially failed. New studies appear necessary in order to better understand the potential role of sexual arousal on the perception of consent and on behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies. While these results pave the way for new research in order to better understand the processes and mechanisms by which acute alcohol intoxication may help to explain sexual coercion in some individuals, practical implications must also be considered. While results related to the perception of consent support the relevance of primary and situational prevention, results related to behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies to have sex highlight the need for secondary prevention in order to develop an effective policy for sexual coercion prevention.

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Frankel, Anne S. "Predictors of Adolescent Sexual Intentions and Behavior: Attitudes, Parenting, and Neighborhood Risk." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/771.

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The current study was a cross-sectional examination of data collected during an HIV risk reduction intervention in south Florida. The purpose of the study was to explore the relationships between neighborhood stress, parenting, attitudes, and adolescent sexual intentions and behavior. The Theory of Planned Behavior was used as a model to guide variable selection and propose an interaction pathway between predictors and outcomes. Potential predictor variables measured for adolescents ages 13-18 (n=196) included communication about sex, parent-family connectedness, parental presence, parent-adolescent activity participation, attitudes about sex and condom use, neighborhood disorder, and exposure to violence. Outcomes were behavioral intentions and sexual behavior for the previous eight months. Neighborhood data was supplemented with ZIP Code level data from regional sources and included median household income, percentage of minority and Hispanic residents, and number of foreclosures. Statistical tests included t-tests, Pearson’s correlations, and hierarchical linear regressions. Results showed that males and older adolescents reported less positive behavioral intentions than females and adolescents younger than 16. Intentions were associated with condom attitudes, sexual attitudes, and parental presence; unprotected sexual behavior was associated with parental presence. The best fit model for intentions included gender, sexual attitudes, condom attitudes, parental presence, and neighborhood disorder. The unsafe sexual behavior model included whether the participant lived with both natural parents in the previous year, and the percent of Hispanic residents in the neighborhood. Study findings indicate that more research on adolescent sexual behavior is warranted, specifically examining the differentials between variables that affect intentions and those that affect behavior. A focus on gender and age differences during intervention development may allow for better targeting and more efficacious interventions. Adding peer and media influences to the framework of attitudes, parenting, and neighborhood may offer more insight into patterns of adolescent sexual behavior risk.

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Wyatt, Joel D. "Comparing Bystander Intentions in Sexual Assault Situations involving Same-Gender and Opposite-Gender Individuals: The Role of Sexual Orientation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556804384425788.

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Agbo-Quaye, Sena. "Teenage sexual attitudes, norms, desires and intentions : the impact of preferred musical genres." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6300.

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This thesis focuses on teenage sexual attitudes and norms as moderated by their preferred music genre. The research questions addressed here are: What are the genre differences in lyrical representations of relationships and male and female characteristics? What are young peoples' perceptions of the impact of these genre differences on their lives? How does genre preference influence teenage safer sex attitudes, desires, norms, control, group identity and intentions? Three studies investigated these research questions. Firstly, the lyrics to 50 songs across five genres were rated on a number of dimensions. Relationships in hip hop are significantly different to relationships in pop; in the former they are presented as more casual, exploitative, sexual and impulsive. They are portrayed in the latter as more committed, nurturing, romantic and responsible. Secondly, six focus group discussions were conducted with 41 young people aged 14-19 years. It was found that influence from music is heavily denied. However, it became apparent that preferred genre and artists influence all aspects of teenage lives and culture; specifically, music functions as an educational tool into adult relationships. Music assists in the transition from childhood to adulthood with genre preference used as a marker of maturity. Thirdly, an omnibus questionnaire utilising theory of planned behaviour and social identity/self categorisation theory constructs examined genre preference and safer sex attitudes, norms and intentions. It was found that hip hop listeners are significantly more likely to choose condom use as their preferred safer sex method than listeners of pop music. Perceived behavioural control did not add to the predictive power in this model. Overall conclusions suggest that visual and aural music should be incorporated into sexual risk preventing interventions because preferred music genres and artists can elucidate teenage sexual attitudes, norms and desires.

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Chaya, Julie. "The Intentions of Mid-Life Women to Search for Sexual Health Information Online." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent156349164303003.

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Killackey, Eoin Joseph, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The development of a model to explain the sexual beliefs, intentions and behaviours of adolescents and young adults." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050728.112619.

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In the last thirty years there have been many research studies which have examined the reasons why adolescents and young adults engage in sexual behaviours. Most of these studies have lacked a theoretical basis, Consequently there are many links made between variables, but no consistency across studies, or attempts to develop an underlying theory to explain the results. However, there have been theoretical models developed to explain adolescents and young adults sexual decision making. Unfortunately, many of these models have not been empirically validated. This thesis attempts to address these deficiencies in the literature by utilising a theory of behaviour and applying it to adolescent and young adult sexual decision making. This theory is the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Two longitudinal studies were conducted to examine the utility of an adaptation of the TPB to sexual decision making among adolescents and young adults. In the first study 58 adolescent males, aged between 14 years and 18 years participated in a longitudinal study using a questionnaire adapted from the Depth of Sexual Involvement Scale. In the second study, 194 young adults (156 female, 38 male) aged between 18 years and 21 years participated in a similar study. The first study found that intention to engage in behaviour was well predicted, although some of the variables in the model, did not in fact, contribute significantly to the prediction. The prediction of behaviour was less strong than that of intention. Study two found that intention to engage in behaviours was well predicted by the model. However, the degree to which intention led to behaviour was not well predicted. Overall, the results of these studies suggest that the TPB is a good theoretical basis from which to launch a systematic and theoretically informed explanation of adolescent and young adult sexual decision making. However, other factors may need to be added to the model to fully describe the decision making process and accurately predict behaviour. Suggestions are made for future research, as well as interventions that may arise as more knowledge is gathered using this paradigm.

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Atherton, Penelope. "Beliefs, attitudes and behavioural intentions of general medical practitioners toward adult survivors of child sexual abuse /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09P.M/09p.ma869.pdf.

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LEWIS, ROBERT W. "REFRAMING INTENTIONS UNDERLYING RAPE BEHAVIOR WITH OFFENDERS INCARCERATED FOR RAPE (SEXUAL ASSAULT, NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMING, RORSCHACH, AROUSED AGGRESSION)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183777.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of NLP Reframing as a means of decreasing sexual response when aggression is aroused by a female with incarcerated rape offenders. The process of reframing involves a redirection of the positive intentions underlying rape behavior by associating new acceptable and nonviolent behaviors to the same intention. The paradoxical nature of this method allows for measurement of newly acquired behavior, a decrease in the maladaptive behavior (rape) or a decrease in some representation of the maladaptive behavior. In this study, a representation was created by arousing the aggression level of the participants toward a female followed by measurement of sexual response as measured by the Sexual Imagery Levels 1 and 3 of the Rorschach. A post-test only control group design was utilized. The sample for this study included 26 rape offenders incarcerated at the Arizona Correctional Training Center in Tucson. Participants ranged from 18 to 28 years of age and had a mean age of 23.33 years; had a mean I.Q. of 112.71 on the Culture Fair Intelligence Test and included 13 Anglos, 7 Mexican Americans, 4 Blacks, and 2 Native Americans. Data analysis for hypotheses testing involved ANCOVA with the total number of responses on the Rorschach being the covariate. Significant results beyond the .05 level of confidence were obtained on one of the two directional hypotheses (Sexual Imagery Level 3), suggesting that reframing rape behavior using the NLP method with incarcerated rape offenders may be effective in decreasing sexual response at a more symbolic level.

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du, Toit Nola Cora. "Fertility Intentions and Attitudes Towards Children Among Unmarried Men and Women: Do Sexual Orientation and Union Status Matter?" Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1385119567.

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Hoover, Gabrielle Groth. "The Effect of Social Media on College Students' Descriptive Norms of and Intentions to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637472.

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Risky sexual behavior (RSB; i.e., behavior that increases the risk of contracting an STI and/or unplanned pregnancy) is common on college campuses and poses serious health risks to students. Yet, little research has examined the factors impacting students’ engagement in RSB. The current study examined the role of gender and social media in college students’ peer norms of and intentions to engage in RSB. An experimental design was used in which participants were exposed to one of four conditions (i.e., neutral or RSB content, within and without a social media platform) and then asked to report on peer norms of RSB and their own intentions to engage in RSB. Results demonstrated that, contrary to hypotheses, there was no significant interaction between experimental condition and gender in predicting descriptive norms of risky sexual behavior and intentions to engage in risky sexual behavior. Result did, however, demonstrate a main effect of gender for peer norms of RSB; female participants reported significantly higher peer norms of RSB than male participants. No other statistically significant main effects were found.

Results emphasize the ubiquity of RSB among college students and the large discrepancy between students’ peer norms of RSB and actual behavior. The significant difference between female and male students’ perceptions of peers’ engagement in RSB is an important finding in the context of inconsistent previous research on gender differences in peer norms of RSB. Possible explanations for the non-significant findings in the current study are discussed as well as implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing college students’ engagement in RSB.

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Shermann, Claire Eloise. "Nudity in advertising : the effects of product category, sexual attraction and differing levels of nudity on arousal, attitude structure and purchase intentions /." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ecs5536.pdf.

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Darnell, Doyanne A. "Examination of Perceived Norms and Masculinity Threat as Predictors of College Men's Behavioral Intentions as Bystanders in a Party Gang Rape Situation." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/95.

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Sexual assault of women is a well-documented phenomenon in U.S. samples, particularly on college campuses. Innovative approaches to prevention encourage men and women to intervene as bystanders in sexual assault situations; however, bystander behavior is notoriously inhibited by various situational factors. This study used a mixed-method approach to better understand the role of situational factors in college men’s bystander behavioral intentions in a party gang rape situation. The first aim was to develop an experimental paradigm using vignette methodology to manipulate the amount of masculinity threat present in a party gang rape situation, which could then be used to explore the effect of masculinity threat on men’s bystander behavioral intentions. Although I was unable to heighten masculinity threat, findings indicate that a previous relationship with the offenders results in men expecting a typical male college bystander to experience less negative affect in the situation. The second aim was to use the vignettes to examine whether men’s perception of the rape-supportive and traditional masculine gender role norms among the offenders involved, as well as indicators of masculinity threat, would predict men’s bystander behavioral intentions. Boding well for bystander intervention programs, the majority (98%) of men reported intention to intervene to stop the assault to some degree, although this intention was lower for men who perceived the party gang rape situation to result in more negative affect for a typical college male bystander. Data depicts the party gang rape situation as one in which masculine norms and masculinity threat are salient; however, these aspects did not play a role in intentions to intervene. Eighteen percent of men reported some intention to join in the assault, which was predicted by perceived masculine norms and men’s demographic characteristics. Findings point to the importance of culturally competent programming and the utility of incorporating a social norms approach in bystander intervention programs. Programs may benefit from addressing concerns about retaliation, particularly as a function of men’s relationships to the offenders. A limitation is the exclusion of individual difference variables to explore whether men’s own attitudes interact with situational factors to predict bystander behavioral intentions.

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Osuji, Hadiza L. "Contextual Factors and Direct Exposure to HIV| Influences on Youth Sexual Intention." Thesis, Walden University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3707711.

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Youth are having sexual intercourse at an early age and as such, are engaging in risky behaviors that are associated with adverse health outcomes, including HIV infection. Little research has been undertaken to examine the influence of contextual factors on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. To address that gap, this study aimed to examine the influence of age, gender, race, immigration status, HIV knowledge, HIV-related stigma, concern about HIV, direct exposure to HIV/AIDS, peer pressure, and religious influence on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. Delayed sexual involvement was conceptualized as youth attitudes towards abstaining from sex, their knowledge of the consequences of sexual involvement, and perceived parent or peer disapproval of the behavior. The theory of reasoned action was used as a framework to guide the study. The cross-sectional study involved secondary data analysis of baseline data pooled from a program evaluation. The sample included 536 urban low-income African American and Latino youth aged 11 to 16 years at high risk of HIV/AIDS. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the weighed combination of the predictor variables, age, gender, race, immigration status, HIV knowledge, direct exposure to HIV/AIDS, peer pressure, and religious influence explained the greatest variance of intention to delay sexual involvement (R² = .246, p < .05). Also observed was a significant relationship between age, gender, and sexual intentions across the regression models. These findings can enhance HIV prevention and social change initiatives because of the potential to impact youth early sexual debut, reduce risky sexual behavior, and consequently decrease the rates of HIV infection among youth.

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Osuji, Hadiza Ladidi. "Contextual Factors and Direct Exposure to HIV: Influences on Youth Sexual Intention." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1207.

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Youth are having sexual intercourse at an early age and as such, are engaging in risky behaviors that are associated with adverse health outcomes, including HIV infection. Little research has been undertaken to examine the influence of contextual factors on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. To address that gap, this study aimed to examine the influence of age, gender, race, immigration status, HIV knowledge, HIV-related stigma, concern about HIV, direct exposure to HIV/AIDS, peer pressure, and religious influence on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. Delayed sexual involvement was conceptualized as youth attitudes towards abstaining from sex, their knowledge of the consequences of sexual involvement, and perceived parent or peer disapproval of the behavior. The theory of reasoned action was used as a framework to guide the study. The cross-sectional study involved secondary data analysis of baseline data pooled from a program evaluation. The sample included 536 urban low-income African American and Latino youth aged 11 to 16 years at high risk of HIV/AIDS. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the weighed combination of the predictor variables, age, gender, race, immigration status, HIV knowledge, direct exposure to HIV/AIDS, peer pressure, and religious influence explained the greatest variance of intention to delay sexual involvement (R2 = .246, p < .05). Also observed was a significant relationship between age, gender, and sexual intentions across the regression models. These findings can enhance HIV prevention and social change initiatives because of the potential to impact youth early sexual debut, reduce risky sexual behavior, and consequently decrease the rates of HIV infection among youth.

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Meinhardt, Sara, and Annali Wallin. "Selling Sexy: A quanitative study on consumer attitude and purchase intention in response to sexual images in ads by luxury and non-luxury brands." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118581.

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The main purpose of the study is to analyze the possible difference in attitude toward sex in advertisements when used by familiar luxury or non-luxury brands. In addition to this, the aim is to further analyze whether genders form a different attitude and purchase intention towards sexually loaded ads and the impact of varying degrees of sexual imagery shown in the ad on the factors like purchase intention. Previous research was found regarding consumer attitude toward the ad and purchase intention in relation to sex in advertisements. However no previous research examined whether consumers form a different attitude and purchase intention depending on the brand type of either luxury or non-luxury utilizing it. Few studies were found to use familiar brands advertisements and instead focused on unfamiliar brand names. Therefore, our aim is to fill these above-mentioned gaps and make a contribution to the field of research regarding sexual content in advertising. To fill the gaps presented, the following research questions were formulated: Is there a difference in attitude and purchase intention between males and females in response to sexual images in ads? What is the impact on purchase intention from varying degrees of sexual imagery in ads? And is there a difference in consumer attitude towards ads with sexual content when used by luxury and non-luxury brands? The study uses a quantitative research approach and cross-sectional research design, collecting primary data through a self-completion online survey. The research philosophies adopted are a positivistic epistemological orientation and objectivistic ontological orientation. The sample was drawn via a systematic sampling method from the target population of students enrolled in programs at Umeå School of Business and Economics. 130 respondents participated and were divided into 4 groups that completed the same questionnaire however, each group responded to a different sexually charged ad, used by either luxury or non-luxury brands with varying degrees of sexual imagery. The question sets measured variables like perceived morality and ethicality in the ad, attitude toward the ad and purchase intention. Following the data collection, the data was analyzed with tools in Excel to calculate internal reliability with Cronbach’s alpha, correlation with Pearson’s correlation test and hypotheses testing with t-Tests. Findings indicate a significant difference in attitude and purchase intention between genders in response to sexual imagery in ads. Males show a more positive attitude and stronger purchase intention compared to females. The findings further suggest the varying degrees of sexual imagery in ads influence purchase intention among respondents, where a higher degree of sexual imagery decreases the purchase intention. However this is only statistically significant in relation to its use by luxury brands. The results show a significant difference in attitude toward the ads between luxury and non-luxury brands. The difference however is only significant in response to high degrees of sexual imagery in ads. Finally, the results suggest that ads using high degrees of sexual imagery by non-luxury brands are perceived as more acceptable compared to its use by luxury brands. The findings were used to contribute to implications on theory from previous research and contribute to business administration, specifically advertising strategy with sexual imagery. Findings imply that luxury brands should cautiously use ads with high degrees of sexual imagery due to the more extreme negative responses observed. Non-luxury brands contrarily could use more highly sexual ads with less negative reactions among consumers. This technique can be used to create attention and gain publicity.

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Tabaac, Ariella R. "Gender and sexual health: Applying gender role theory to men and women’s intention to engage in sexual health information seeking behaviors." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4119.

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The purpose of the present study is to examine the pathways between gender and behavioral intention to engage in sexual HISB through application of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). It was found that feminine and masculine gender role stress differentially influence perceived behavioral control and behavioral attitudes, and that intention to engage in HISB was higher among women than men. Attitudes and PBC significantly predicted behavioral intention in this model. Further, women in the sample were more likely to search for sexual health information, with online sources being the most frequently reported resource. Additionally, past HISB was a significant predictor of sexual health literacy, eHealth literacy, and sexual health knowledge. These findings indicate that gender role stress may play a role in the maintenance of attitudes and perceived behavioral control about sexual health information seeking behaviors, and that HISB in general is higher among women.

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Thompson, Lance David. "Situational variables associated with unsafe sexual behaviour in an MSM population." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2741.

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The current study examined the capacity of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and the Prototype/Willingness model (P/W model) to predict intention to have unsafe sex with new and regular partners as well as frequency of unsafe sex in a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) sample. The study also examined aspects of the sexual situation immediately prior to or during unsafe sexual intercourse (such as substance use, venue and emotional state) to determine whether there were any significant correlations and group differences. One hundred and fifty-eight male participants between the ages of 18-26 who have had sex with another male in the last nine months completed an online survey of sexual habits, TPB and P/W model variables. With the exception of prototypes, the results showed significant group difference in terms of TPB and P/W model variables between risk groups. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between models in predictive capacity in terms of either intention or frequency of unsafe sex. The results of the study suggested participants were generally only having unsafe sex with regular partners, that in older samples it may be more parsimonious to use the TPB than P/W model and that it is important to measure TPB variables in terms of both new and regular partners for increased accuracy and greater applicability in terms of HIV/STI interventions.

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Lehan, Mackin Melissa Ann. "The social context of pregnancy intention." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3336.

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Pregnancy intention is extensively examined in the literature and the concept of "unintended" pregnancy is considered a significant health problem. Large efforts have been made to reduce negative health consequences presumably associated with pregnancies that are unexpected, unwanted, or mistimed but have had limited impact. A study was conducted to examine contextual issues surrounding women's experiences with pregnancy intention its intersection with knowledge, perceptions, and use of emergency contraception in a population of female university students. The project was a mixed method study including a survey examining demographic characteristics, sexual history, and knowledge and use characteristics in addition to interviews exploring prospective perceptions of pregnancy intention. An integrative review informed the background of the study demonstrating the need for expansion of current concepts of pregnancy intention that inform measurement and subsequent interventions. Quantitative survey results provide new information including higher rates of use in comparison to previous studies but persistence of misinformation. Qualitative interview findings illustrate a process by which individual agency in terms of sexual and pregnancy decision making is influenced by a precursor of the embodiment of convictions and empowerment. Combined conclusions confirm the need of exploring the role of the social context on pregnancy intention, suggest ways in which nurses can empower women to be their own agents of health, and start discussions of how intervention approaches to pregnancy intention can be improved.

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Petroll, Martin de La Martinière. "Apelo sexual na propaganda : um experimento em mídia impressa." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8976.

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A propaganda é imprescindível ao marketing por ser sua ferramenta mais visível e exposta ao público, ativando suas percepções e persuadindo o seu comportamento através de apelos. Destes, destacam-se os apelos sexuais, comuns na propaganda brasileira e em discussões feitas pela sociedade e pelo governo. Apesar disso, existem poucos estudos que remetem aos efeitos dos apelos sexuais sobre o consumidor brasileiro. Para tanto, a presente dissertação verifica essa lacuna, através de um estudo experimental com estudantes de graduação de duas universidades gaúchas, os quais responderam a um questionário, em salasde- aula, após serem expostos a diversos anúncios contendo variações de nudez por parte do(a) modelo. De maneira geral, constatou-se que houve diferenças significativas entre os diversos tipos de anúncios sexualmente apelativos no que se refere às atitudes do consumidor quanto à propaganda, à marca do produto, à imagem da empresa anunciante e à ética. Constatou-se ainda que os consumidores masculinos e femininos avaliam suas atitudes sobre a propaganda, a marca, a ética e sua intenção de compra diferente uns dos outros sendo, de modo geral, mais favoráveis quando expostos a modelos de gênero oposto ao seu. Implicações acadêmicas e gerenciais dos achados, além das limitações e sugestões para futuras pesquisas são discutidas no fim da dissertação.
Advertisement is a very important and the most visible tool of marketing to activate consumer’s perceptions and to persuade their behaviors with appeals. One of those – the sex appeal - is common both, in Brazilian advertising and in discussion done by government and society. But there are few studies about sex appeals effects on Brazilian consumer’s behavior. With that in mind, this thesis tries to cover the gap with an experimental study using undergraduate students from two RS (Brazil) universities. They were asked to answer a repertory after been confronted with some ads showing human bodies in different grades of nudism; the experiment took place in class-rooms. Generally, significant differences were found between the ads related to their effects on consumer attitude toward the ad itself, toward the brand, and toward the advertiser image and ethics judgment. Also differences between male and female consumers were found on their valuation about the ad, the brand and ethics and on their purchase intention; the most favorable ones occurred when exposed to the opposed gender models. Academics and managerial implications, and also limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed in the end of the thesis.

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Dick, Rebecca Nalle. "Relationship factors and American Indian men's condom use intentions." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/dick/DickR0509.pdf.

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a major threat to the public health of the United States. American Indians are disproportionately affected by STIs, including chlamydia and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Roosevelt County, which lies within the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in northeastern Montana, has consistently reported chlamydia rates two to five times higher than national rates. Community leaders from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation partnered with researchers from Montana State University to address the reservation's sexual and reproductive health needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterosexual relationship factors that were associated with condom use intentions for STD and HIV prevention in a purposive sample of American Indian men, ages 18 to 24, living on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. A community based participatory research (CBPR) approach was used for this study. A non-probability sample of American Indian men (n=122) were recruiting using consecutive and snowball sampling techniques. Study hypotheses were tested using Pearson's chi-squared and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis for bivariate associations and multinomial logistic regression for multivariate associations. Variables examined for their association with condom use intentions included age, educational attainment, relationship type, relationship duration, relationship commitment, condom use communication, condom use decision making, control of condom use, and negative partner reaction to condom use. Results indicated that American Indian men were less likely to use condoms for disease prevention as their age and their relationship commitment increased. Factors resulting in an increased likelihood of future condom use included high participation in the condom use decision making process and female control over condom use. Culturally relevant sexual risk prevention programs that work towards changing the perception of condoms in committed relationships and that engage men in sexual health decision making could help reduce the disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted disease carried by young American Indians living on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation.

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Frimoth, Margaret Ruth. "Breaking silence, shifting culture| A partnership model of intentional safety for child survivors of sexual abuse." Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3560743.

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Nestled into an isolated, rural community along the Pacific Northwest Oregon coastline, the first Victory Over Child Abuse (VOCA) Camp for girls was held in 1988. Four years later, VOCA Camp for boys was initiated. The two separate camps provide intentionally safe camp environments for child survivors of sexual abuse. The VOCA Camp program continues annually.

The VOCA Camp story disrupts the belief that humans are innately violent and presents the camp program as a working model of partnership, directly linked to Riane Eisler's Cultural Transformation Theory.

This dissertation weaves feminist ethnographical analysis with Eisler's description of four cornerstones necessary for cultural transformation to occur. Public and archival documentation, personal reflections, past participant statements, camp stories are used to illustrate the camp's culture and to tell the unique story of the camp program as a working model of partnership. As such, this dissertation portrays the VOCA Camp story as a step toward the elimination of child sexual abuse.

This research is significant because it acknowledges that cultures, organizations, and families that orient toward systems of partnership are more apt to manifest environments where the abuse of children is reduced and potentially eliminated.

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Ahuja, Manik, Esther Frimpong, Joy Okoro, Rajvi Wani, and Sarah Armel. "Risk and Protective Factors for Intention of Contraception Use among Women in Ghana." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8846.

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The use of various forms of contraception in Ghana gained prominence after the government resorted to investing more in family planning programs when maternal mortality was declared an emergency in the country. In Ghana, the intention to use and actual usage of contraceptives is influenced by many factors, which may lead to non-usage or discontinuation. This quantitative study was conducted to determine risk and protective factors impacting on the intention and usage of contraceptives. Survey data from the Ghana 2014 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) (n = 9396) was used. A sub-sample of 7661 women in their reproductive age were included in this study, who reported being sexually active within the last year. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the association between a broad range of risk and protective factors including religion, early sexual intercourse, frequency of sex, number of lifetime sexual partners with intention to use contraception. We controlled for income, educational attainment, and age. Overall (n = 3661; 47.8%) reported no intention of contraception use. Logistic regression analysis revealed that no formal education (OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.29–1.72; p < 0.001), and primary school as highest educational level (OR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.04–1.25; p < 0.001), Islamic religion (OR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.59–0.90; p < 0.001), not currently employed (OR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.34–1.69; p < 0.001), husband opposing contraception use (OR = 2.19; 95% CI, 1.42–3.46; p < 0.001), and currently pregnant (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09–1.54; p < 0.001) were also positively associated with no intention of use. Engaging religious leaders for advocacy in the community was identified as an approach to address barriers and increase awareness on contraceptive use. Targeted family planning programs should intensify public education on safe sex behaviors.

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Bailey, Malissa Ann. "College Students' Perceptions of and Intentions to Engage in Sexually Abstinent versus Not Abstinent Behaviors." NCSU, 1998. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19981120-141445.

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The purpose of the following study was to assess college students' perceptions of sexual abstinence and to determine their likelihood of refraining from sexual behaviors in the future. Research conducted by Horan, Hagan, and Phillips (1998) indicates a need to clearly communicate to students what is meant by the term "abstinence," since a significant proportion of young adults appear to consider risky sexual behaviors as "abstinent." In the present study, using an anonymous self-report survey, students enrolled in various psychology courses at North Carolina State University were asked to report their previous sexual behavior, identify those behaviors they believe constituted sexual abstinence, and predict the likelihood that they will abstain from sexual intercourse in a one year period. The results suggest that there is a discrepancy between the CDC's definition of abstinence and college students' interpretation of this practice. This is especially true for behaviors related to oral sex. Implications of the research are provided.

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Brasil, Carla Sofia Dias. "A formação de educadores na educação sexual emancipatória: um estudo dos níveis de reflexão nas práticas pedagógicas." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2009. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1052.

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This mestrado research searched contribute with the formation in the area of the education, formation of educators and sexual education, doing a survey of existing gaps in the area, identified in the personal trajectory of the researcher and next to the group of research of which is part. This investigation if it gave by research of qualitative matrix, with methodologies of documentary bibliographical research and (collected questionnaires already in research of scientific initiation) and from the indicators raised by means of the reading of depositions concerning the teachlearning process of the egresses academics, where they had told: as they perceived the process of sexual education lived in infancy, in family and in school, which age its position of educator in room with relation to the thematic sexual education before thematic the intentional study of and which the contributions of Discipline of Education and Sexuality for its practical pedagogical. These indicators were categorized with the aid of the methodology of the Analysis of Content based on Bardin (1979). The objective specific do materialize in study this levels of reflection about the thematic and your repercussion in the pedagogy practice this inquire. The results indicate levels distincts of the reflexion, with distincts manifestations in your practice pedagogy. This results need be considerates in anything revision of curriculum of training for educators. Considerate be with the training for educators in this intencional process that can work the intentional sexual education contributing with the construction of a emancipatory approach for the live it human, obtained advancement signification in the brazilian education. Proposal curriculum respect the levels distincts of the reflexion this educators and yours expression in your pedagogy practice need be use star point in anything proposal of training for educators
Essa pesquisa de mestrado procurou contribuir com a formação na área da educação, formação de educadores e educação sexual, fazendo um levantamento de lacunas existentes na área, identificados na trajetória pessoal da pesquisadora e junto ao grupo de pesquisa do qual faz parte. Essa investigação se deu por pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, com as metodologias de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental (questionários já coletados em pesquisa de iniciação cientifica) e a partir dos indicadores levantados por meio da leitura dos depoimentos acerca do processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos acadêmicos egressos, onde relataram: como percebiam o processo de educação sexual vivido na infância, na família e na escola, qual era a sua postura de educador em sala com relação à temática educação sexual antes do estudo intencional da temática e quais as contribuições da Disciplina de Educação e Sexualidade para as suas práticas pedagógicas. Esses indicadores foram categorizados com o auxílio da metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo baseada em Bardin(1979). O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi contribuir para a caminhada desses educadores, na perspectiva de uma formação intencional em educação sexual emancipatória considerando que somos todos seres sexuados e que não há como separar a sexualidade das outras dimensões humanas. O objetivo específico materializou-se num estudo dos seus níveis de reflexão sobre a temática e sua repercussão na pratica pedagógica dos pesquisados. Os resultados apontaram níveis de reflexão diferenciados, com manifestações variadas em suas práticas pedagógicas. Esses dados devem ser levados em consideração em qualquer movimento de revisão de disciplinas e ou currículos de formação de educadores. Considera-se que é com a formação de educadores num processo intencional de construção da emancipação humana, ai incluída a dimensão da educação sexual que poder-se-á obter avanços significativos na educação brasileira. Propostas curriculares que respeitem os níveis de reflexão dos educadores e as expressões desses nas praticas pedagógicas deverão ser utilizadas como ponto de partida de qualquer proposta de formação de educadores e educação sexual

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Allen, Charlla D. "Intention to use male condoms to prevent teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486400446370775.

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Noumbissié, Claude Désiré. "Attitude et changement de comportement sexuel face au VIH/Sida : de l’intention d’agir à l’action : étude de la résistance à l’usage du préservatif chez les adolescents-élèves des classes terminales de Yaoundé (Cameroun)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20019/document.

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La présente thèse s’inscrit dans la problématique de la mise en acte de l’intention. Elle traite des variables influençant la résistance à l’usage du préservatif, en s’inspirant de la théorie du comportement planifié d’Ajzen (1991). Cette théorie postule qu’un comportement planifié est précédé d’une intention d’action et l’intention est le prédicteur décisif du comportement. Cependant, les résultats obtenus de l’enquête menée auprès des adolescents-élèves sexuellement actifs des classes terminales de la ville de Yaoundé (Cameroun) montrent que la relation intention-comportement n’est pas évidente. En effet, 38% des participants manifestant par ailleurs une bonne intention de porter le préservatif pour se protéger du VIH/Sida ont malheureusement eu des rapports sexuels non protégés (sans préservatif). L’analyse des résultats montre que cette asymétrie est due à l’influence exercée par des variables statistiquement inventoriées comme intermédiaires à l’intention d’agir et à l’action. C’est ainsi que la conclusion suivante a été retenue : il existe entre l’intention d’agir et l’action des variables qui conduisent à la réalisation d’un comportement « anti-intentionnel ». Autrement dit, l’intention perd parfois l’autonomie sur le comportement
The present thesis facts within the problematic framework of putting into action an intention. It deals with variables influencing resistance in the use of preservatives with inspiration from the theory of planned behaviour by Ajzen (1991). This theory states that a planned behaviour is preceded by an intentional action and the intention is a decisive predictor of behaviour. However, the results obtained from fieldwork involving sexually active adolescents-students in the upper sixth form in the city of Yaounde (Cameroon) show that the relationship between intention and behaviour is not evident. In reality, 38% of participants manifesting a good intention of using preservatives (condoms) for protection against Hiv/Aids have unfortunately had improtected sexual intercourse (ie without preservatives). The analysis of results show that this asymetry is due to the influence exercised by the inventorised statistical variables as intermediaries in the intention to act and action. Thus the following conclusion is retained: there exists between the intention to act and action variables which lead to the realisation of a behaviour “anti-intentional”. Put in another sense, the intention loses sometimes its autonomy on the behaviour

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Kornatzki, Luciana. "Educação sexual intencional em livros para a infância : um estudo de suas vertentes pedagógicas." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2013. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/992.

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This work analyzed the textual contents of intentional sexual education books destined for children, aiming at providing studies and proposals on emancipatory sexual education. For that, interfaces between sexual education and literature were revealed; a review of emancipatory sexual education by Brazilian authors was made; a theoretical study of the five pedagogical approaches to sexual education pointed by Nunes (1996) was made, raising indicators to subside the books content analysis; and, the textual contents of selected books destined for children were analyzed, leading to categories. The methodological paths were based on the dialectical method, having as instrument documental research via content analysis. The corpus consisted of six books, two Brazilian, two Spanish and two Ecuadorian. The theoretical framework was based initially on the pedagogical approaches to sexual education coined by Nunes (1996), four of which are considered repressive and one emancipatory. The Declaration of Sexual Rights as Universal Human Rights was taken into account as it is considered an expression of emancipatory sexual education. Thus, from the approaches and the declaration, indicators were raised that supported the content analysis of the corpus. From this analysis two categories were apprehended, which are subdivided into subcategories. It is worth remembering that these categories express the very dialectical and contradictory movement that is part of human living in the world and of the (re)construction of sexuality. The first category unveiled was: "in search of the right to information, based on scientific knowledge, the contradiction of standardization norms of relations between people." This category expresses that although progress has been made in the proposed work in books for children and scientific knowledge has been valued, in some cases this knowledge is presented as normalizing a biological standard of the being and also reinforcing a standard of human relations. Arising from this category, we have two subcategories: the standardization of biological reductionism with biases in scientific information and the standardization of the heteronormative relations model. The second category unveiled was: "in search of sexual rights as human rights, marks of a construction process of emancipatory sexual education." In this category were noted various indications of the pedagogical use of the Declaration of Sexual Rights, yielding the following subcategories: marks of the right to comprehensive sexual education and the right to information based on scientific knowledge focused on affectivity and sexual self knowledge; marks of the right to sexual pleasure; marks of the right to free and responsible reproductive choices; marks of the right to sexual health with focus on sexual body safety, and marks of the right to freedom and sexual equality with a focus on respect for sexual diversity. Contradictions and improvements were perceived in sexual education for children, unveiled from the analysis of the books, as well as the importance of having a critical pedagogical outlook on their contents. The present study provides reflections on the aforementioned books that can be of great value to teachers of children, helping in the teaching process. Furthermore, the study may also impact on new teachers formation, helping them in their reflective processes about children s sexual education
Este trabalho analisou os conteúdos textuais de livros de educação sexual intencional para a infância, visando subsidiar estudos e propostas em educação sexual emancipatória. Para tanto, foram desveladas interfaces entre educação sexual e literatura infantil; realizada revisão da categoria educação sexual emancipatória em autores/as brasileiros/as; feito estudo teórico das cinco vertentes pedagógicas de educação sexual apontadas por Nunes (1996), levantando indicadores como subsídio à análise de conteúdo dos livros selecionados; e, análise dos conteúdos textuais escritos dos livros para a infância selecionados, desvelando categorias. Os caminhos metodológicos partiram do método dialético, tendo como instrumento a pesquisa documental via análise de conteúdo. O corpus da pesquisa contou com seis livros, sendo dois deles brasileiros, dois espanhóis e dois equatorianos. A fundamentação teórica partiu inicialmente das vertentes pedagógicas de educação sexual cunhadas por Nunes (1996), sendo quatro delas consideradas como repressoras e uma emancipatória. A Declaração dos Direitos Sexuais como Direitos Humanos Universais foi considerada também na análise por ser entendida como uma expressão da vertente emancipatória de educação sexual. Portanto, das vertentes e da declaração foram levantados os indicadores prévios que subsidiaram a análise de conteúdo dos livros. Dessa análise foram apreendidas duas categorias que se subdividem em subcategorias próprias, lembrando que elas expressam um movimento dialético e contraditório que é parte do viver humano no mundo e de (re)construção da sexualidade. A primeira categoria desvelada foi: "na busca do direito à informação baseada no conhecimento científico, a contradição da padronização da norma das relações entre as pessoas". Ela expressa que, embora se tenha avançado no trabalho proposto nas obras às crianças e se valorize nele o conhecimento científico, em alguns casos esse conhecimento se apresenta normatizando um padrão biológico de ser e também reforçando um modelo padrão de relações humanas. Dessa categoria brotaram duas subcategorias: a normatização do reducionismo biológico com vieses na informação científica e a normatização do modelo de relações heteronormativas. A segunda categoria desvelada foi: "na busca dos direitos sexuais como direitos humanos, marcas de um processo de construção da educação sexual emancipatória". Nela foram observados vários indícios da manifestação do uso pedagógico da Declaração dos Direitos Sexuais, originando as subcategorias: marcas do direito à educação sexual compreensiva e do direito à informação baseada no conhecimento científico com foco na afetividade e no autoconhecimento sexual, marcas do direito ao prazer sexual, marcas do direito às escolhas reprodutivas livres e responsáveis, marcas do direito à saúde sexual com foco na segurança do corpo sexual e marcas do direito à liberdade e à igualdade sexual com foco no respeito à diversidade sexual. Perceberam-se contradições e avanços na educação sexual das crianças, desveladas/os a partir da análise dos livros, bem como a importância de se ter um olhar crítico-pedagógico sobre eles. Esse estudo pode servir a professores/as da infância ao fornecer reflexões sobre esses livros, contribuindo no processo de ensino junto às crianças que lhe cabem educar. Pode também esse estudo repercutir junto à formação de professores e professoras, auxiliando-os em seus processos reflexivos sobre educação sexual da infância

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Feld, Hartley C. "REPRODUCTIVE AUTONOMY: The Context of Pregnancy Intention, A Global to Local Approach." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/nursing_etds/38.

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Globally, in low and middle-income countries 4 out of every 10 pregnancies is reported to be unintended. Having an unintended pregnancy increases the risk of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality, preterm birth, low birth weight, and decreases rates of breast-feeding. The United States (U.S.) consistently has some of the highest rates of preterm birth, infant and maternal mortality of all high-income countries and 45% of all pregnancies in the U.S. are reported to be unintended. The etiology of these outcomes and their relationship to pregnancy intention are complex and multifactorial, but we know this disproportionately effects women living in poverty both in the U.S. and globally. When couples have the knowledge, access, and power to decide when and whether to become pregnant they are more likely to seek preconception care, thus increasing the likelihood of planned pregnancies leading to improved maternal and child health outcomes. Primary prevention strategies to improve maternal/child health outcomes in the U.S. include sexual and reproductive health considerations such as increasing access to birth control. Globally, strategies include expanding access, as well as focusing on the empowerment of women and improving gender social norms. Focusing on community level norms and individual empowerment can lead to greater reproductive autonomy, which in turn leads to an increase in the uptake of birth control and family planning. This broader consideration of multiple levels of power or autonomy is often lacking in approaches taken in the U.S. More information is needed about the social context and determinants of pregnancy intention in our communities, particularly of women living in poverty. The purposes of this dissertation were to 1) to describe reproductive autonomy and family planning challenges in a population of marginalized Ecuadorian women; 2) develop a conceptual framework of reproductive autonomy from the global literature; 3) to validate a shortened form of an interpersonal violence scale used in a study of low-income pregnant women in Kentucky; and finally 4) to investigate the association between pregnancy intention and individual, interpersonal and community factors of impoverished women living in Kentucky. The qualitative study of women in Ecuador identified barriers and facilitators to family planning in a low-resource community. The major themes that emerged were that women’s autonomy was limited by men, shame was ‘keeping women quiet’, systems failed women, and as women aged they were able to build resilience in spite of these challenges. Many reported reproductive coercion, gender-based violence, and regret. Those who could leave unsupportive partners and found social support were more effective at planning their pregnancies. Evidence supports these themes are relatively common in the global literature, particularly of women living in poverty. The comprehensive review of these findings was used to develop a conceptual framework of reproductive autonomy. The Socio-Ecological Model was used to organize the data based on individual, interpersonal or community level determinants of pregnancy intention and reproductive autonomy. This new conceptual model, called the Power and Reproductive Autonomy (PARA) model, was used as a guide to analyze multiple levels of data in a secondary analysis of pregnant women living in poverty in Kentucky. Prior to this secondary analysis study, a measure used in the parent study needed to be validated. A short form of the Women’s Experience with Battering (WEB) scale was found to be psychometrically valid to measure of the impact of intimate partner violence for this population. Findings from the secondary analysis included high rates of unintended pregnancy (66%), and women with unintended pregnancy were more likely to report exposure to interpersonal violence, poor social support, and anxiety at the bivariate level. At the community (county) level those with an unintended pregnancy were more likely to live in counties with fewer social associations, and in rural communities. None of the access, gender equity, income inequality, or violence variables were correlated to pregnancy intention. In the final multilevel model, controlling for demographic variables, only being unmarried and answering the question in English were significant predictors of unintended pregnancy. The rate of social associations in a county was marginally significant with pregnancy intention, in that the presence of social associations appeared to decrease the likelihood of unintended pregnancy. Operationalizing the PARA framework to examine predictors of unintended pregnancy in Kentucky proved to not yield expected results; county level variables related to access, gender equity, and violence were not found to be significantly correlated. Women answering the question in Spanish had significantly higher rates of planned pregnancy, which is a new finding. Having opportunities for social engagement also seemed to be a protective factor in preventing unintended pregnancies. Limitations of cross-sectional data also make it a challenge to capture cumulative life stressors which could contribute to poor reproductive autonomy. Future studies may yield a greater understanding of the social context of pregnancy intention if more interpersonal data related specifically to reproductive autonomy are in the model, such as reproductive coercion, relationship power, communication, and contraceptive decision making. Additionally, further examination of structures or systems that provide economic opportunities in the community is a promising area of reproductive autonomy and pregnancy intention research.

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Parker, Andrew Dale. "The psychology of witness testimony evaluation : implications for the investigation of intentional and unintentional beliefs and memories of rape and serious sexual assault." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438192.

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Lutzo, Eric. "Coming Out and Being Out in the C-Suite: Experiences of Openly Gay and Lesbian Executives." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1568710731435133.

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Brink, Jaco Greeff. "An investigation of risky sexual behaviours, basic HIV knowledge and intention to use condoms among a sample of men who have sex with men in a student community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20168.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary objective of the study was to determine the level of self-reported sexual risk behaviour of student men who have sex with men at a South African higher educational institution. The secondary objective was to determine the level of Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) knowledge among student men who have sex with men, and lastly to determine the extent to which the theory of planned behaviour is applicable in explaining intentions to use condoms. A sample of fifty student men who have sex with men were recruited to take part in an online baseline and follow-up survey, three months apart. Many of the student men who have sex with men reported sexual behaviour, which may place them at risk of contracting HIV. More than fifty percent (56%) had used alcohol or drugs during sexual intercourse in the past. Six percent (6.1%) reported having been forced to have sexual intercourse against their will. While 8% had experienced abuse and violence on campus, 22% had experienced abuse only and another 6% reported having experienced some form of violence due to their sexual preference. Most participants (70%) reported having used condoms almost always or always when engaging in penetrative sexual behaviours, but 30% had used condoms inconsistently or not at all in the past. The sample of student MSM scored high on a questionnaire of basic HIV knowledge, with a mean score of 14.57 (80.94%). The present study questions the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour in understanding and predicting intention to use condoms among a sample of student men who have sex with men attending a South African higher education institution. Only two of the major theoretical variables, namely attitude and perceived group norms, could significantly predict intention to use condoms. Attitudes regarding condom use were found to have an inverse The primary objective of the study was to determine the level of self-reported sexual risk behaviour of student men who have sex with men at a South African higher educational institution. The secondary objective was to determine the level of Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) knowledge among student men who have sex with men, and lastly to determine the extent to which the theory of planned behaviour is applicable in explaining intentions to use condoms. A sample of fifty student men who have sex with men were recruited to take part in an online baseline and follow-up survey, three months apart. Many of the student men who have sex with men reported sexual behaviour, which may place them at risk of contracting HIV. More than fifty percent (56%) had used alcohol or drugs during sexual intercourse in the past. Six percent (6.1%) reported having been forced to have sexual intercourse against their will. While 8% had experienced abuse and violence on campus, 22% had experienced abuse only and another 6% reported having experienced some form of violence due to their sexual preference. Most participants (70%) reported having used condoms almost always or always when engaging in penetrative sexual behaviours, but 30% had used condoms inconsistently or not at all in the past. The sample of student MSM scored high on a questionnaire of basic HIV knowledge, with a mean score of 14.57 (80.94%). The present study questions the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour in understanding and predicting intention to use condoms among a sample of student men who have sex with men attending a South African higher education institution. Only two of the major theoretical variables, namely attitude and perceived group norms, could significantly predict intention to use condoms. Attitudes regarding condom use were found to have an inversrelationship with intention to use condoms. The results from the hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the linear combination of the theory of planned behaviour variables could significantly account for 68% of the variance in intention to use condoms when the predictors were considered together. Interventions that seek to lessen HIV risk behaviour among student men who have sex with men should endeavour to incorporate elements which should aim to augment perceived subjective norms regarding condom use. The findings advocate for additional research to be undertaken on the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour in informing health communication and sexual health interventions that aim to reduce HIV transmission risk among student men who have sex with men at higher educational institutions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die primêre doel van die studie was om die vlak van self-gerapporteerde seksuele risiko gedrag van studentemans wat seks beoefen met mans (MSM) by 'n Suid-Afrikaanse hoër onderwysinstelling te bepaal. Die sekondêre doel was om die vlak van kennis oor die Menslike Immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) onder studente MSM te bepaal, en laastens om die mate waarin die teorie van beplande gedrag toepaslik is om die voorneme om kondoom gebruik te verduidelik. ŉ Steekproef van vyftig studente MSM was gewerf om aan ŉ aanlyn basislynopname en opvolgopname deel te neem. Talle van die studente MSM het seksuele gedrag gerapporteer wat die mans blootstel aan die risiko om MIV op te doen. Meer as vyftig persent (56%) het in die verlede alkohol of dwelms gebruik tydens seksuele omgang. Ses persent (6,1%) het gerapporteer dat hulle al gedwing is om seksuele omgang teen hul wil te hê. Terwyl agt persent mishandeling en geweld op kampus ervaar het, het 22% slegs misbruik ervaar en nog 6% het een of ander vorm van geweld ervaar as gevolg van hul seksuele voorkeur. Die meeste deelnemers (70%) het gerapporteer dat hulle tydens penetratiewe seks byna altyd kondome gebruik, maar 30% het óf glad nie, óf ongereeld in die verlede kondome gebruik. Die studente MSM wat aan die steekproef deelgeneem het, het hoë tellings behaal in ‘n vraelys oor basiese MIV-feite, met ' ŉ gemiddelde telling van 14.57 (80.94%). Die huidige studie bevraagteken die toepasbaarheid van die teorie van beplande gedrag om die voorneme om kondome te gebruik onder ’n steekproef van studente MSM aan ’n Suid-Afrikaanse hoër onderwysinstelling te verstaan en te voorspel. Slegs twee van die belangrikste teoretiese veranderlikes, naamlik houding en subjektiewe groepnorme, kon beduidend die voorneme voorspel om kondome te gebruik. Houding oor kondoom gebruik het ŉ omgekeerde verwantskap met die voorneme om kondome te gebruik voorspel. Die resultate van die hiërargiese meervoudige regressie-ontleding het aangedui dat, wanneer die voorspellers saam oorweeg word, die lineêre kombinasie van die teorie van beplande gedrag veranderlikes betekenisvol tot 68% van die variansie in die voorneme om kondome te gebruik kan verklaar. Ingrypings wat daarop gemik is om MIV-risiko gedrag onder studente MSM te verminder, behoort elemente in te sluit wat streef daarna om waarneembare subjektiewe norme rakende kondoomgebruik aan te vul. Die bevindinge wys dat addisionele navorsing oor die gebruik van die teorie van beplande gedrag in gesondheidskommunikasie en seksuelegesondheid intervensies wat daarop gemik is om die risiko van MIV-oordrag tussen studente MSM by inrigtings vir hoër onderwys te verminder nodig is.

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Komulainen, K. (Kauko). "Ihanteiden Ikaros:Markku Lahtelan Se-romaani ja 1960-luvun representaation kriisi." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290107.

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Abstract The author Markku Lahtela was a central figure in the 1960’s generation rebellion, called the spirit of the 60’s, that criticised the basic values of the old generation and through which the young artists presented their avant-garde ideas. The study focuses on the early 1960’s. The primary data is provided by Lahtela’s second novel called Se and its manuscript. The novel deals in an original way with issues such as the sexual revolution and sexual morality, which were popular themes in the 1960’s. As a secondary source of data, the study also deals to some extent with the rest of Lahtela’s production. The substantial topic is the problematics of change in the 1960’s that arose as a result of modernisation, which only then gained momentum in Finland. The research approach is contextual in that the discussion is based on the postmodern viewpoint. Context is understood as consisting of elements of cultural dialogicality thematised by the author through individuation, which is to be seen in the dialogue of his books. The study focuses on the extraliterary historical context. Among the contexts of the 1960’s, attention is paid mainly to the crisis of representation caused by the changes, by interpreting its commentary and attempts to solve it in Lahtela’s texts. Despite the focus on the extraliterary historical context, textual dimensions are also taken into account in the interpretations. I also discuss to some extent the conditions through which it is possible in literary research to find intermediate standpoints to overcome the opposition between textuality and reality. In the interpretation of the extra- and intraliterary dialogues in Lahtela’s texts, the tools used include the alter ego, the textual “I” and, in neutral cases, the narrator. The novel Se not only participated in topical cultural and literary dialogue, but also reformed Finnish prose by representing autobiographical materials in a fragmentary and fictitious manner. The discussion also shows that Freudian psychoanalysis has contributed significantly to both Se and Lahtela’s production in general. The same also applies to Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy of life; some of his ideas have directed the discussion of moral issues characterised by Lahtela’s books and the search for an alternative (sexual) morality
Tiivistelmä Kirjailija Markku Lahtela oli keskeinen hahmo vanhan polven perusarvoja arvostelleessa 1960-luvun sukupolvikapinassa, jota nimitettiin 60-lukulaisuudeksi ja jossa nuoret taiteilijat esittelivät avantgardistisia ideoitaan. Tutkimuksen ajallinen pääkohde on 1960-luvun alkupuoli. Primaariaineistona on Lahtelan toinen romaani Se ja sen käsikirjoitus. Teos käsittelee omaperäisesti muun muassa seksuaalista vallankumousta ja seksuaalimoraalia, jotka olivat 1960-luvun muotiteemoja. Sekundaariaineistona tutkimuksessa käsitellään jonkin verran myös Lahtelan muuta tuotantoa. Substantiaalisena aiheena on 1960-luvun muutosproblematiikka, joka syntyi Suomessa vasta tuolloin voimistuneen modernisaation vaikutuksesta. Tutkimukseni lähestymistapa on kontekstuaalinen siten, että tarkastelut pohjaavat myöhäismodernin näkökulmaan. Kontekstin ymmärrän koostuvan kulttuurisen dialogisuuden elementeistä, joita kirjailija tematisoi teostensa dialogina näkyvässä individuaatiossaan. Tutkimuksessani korostuu ulkokirjallinen historiallinen konteksti. 1960-luvun konteksteista olen päähuomion kiinnittänyt muutosten synnyttämään representaation kriisiin tulkitsemalla Lahtelan teksteistä sen kommentointeja ja ratkaisuyrityksiä. Siitä huolimatta, että tutkimuksessani painottuu ulkokirjallinen historiallinen konteksti, otan tulkinnoissani huomioon myös tekstuaalisia ulottuvuuksia. Lisäksi selvitän jonkin verran niitä ehtoja, joiden vallitessa kirjallisuuden tutkimuksessa voidaan löytää välittäviä kantoja tekstuaalisuus–todellisuus–opposition ylittämiseksi. Tulkitessani Lahtelan tekstien ulko- ja sisäkirjallisia dialogeja ovat apuvälineinäni alter ego, tekstuaalinen minä ja kertoja neutraaleissa tapauksissa. Se-romaani paitsi osallistui ajankohtaiseen kulttuuriseen ja kirjalliseen dialogiin myös uudisti suomalaista proosaa representoimalla katkelmallisesti ja fiktiivisesti autobiografista materiaalia. Tarkastelut osoittavat myös sen, että freudilainen psykoanalyysi on ollut Se-romaanin ja laajemminkin Lahtelan tuotannon synnyn tärkeä innoittaja. Sama koskee Friedrich Nietzschen elämänfilosofiaa, jonka tietyt näkemykset ovat suunnanneet Lahtelan teoksissa keskeistä moraalikysymysten käsittelyä ja vaihtoehtoisen (seksuaali)moraalin etsintää

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Laskowski, John Gerrit. "The effect of moral obligation, attitude, and social norms on sexual decision-making in heterosexual older adolescents at three U.S. colleges an archival multivariate investigation of the Fishbein-Ajzen model of behavioral intention /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.

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Scorcia-Wilson, Theresa. "The Relationship Between Knowledge and Beliefs About Human Papillomavirus, Acceptance of the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine, and Intentions to Practice Safer Sex Behaviors Among Female College Students." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3477.

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Introduction. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be highly prevalent among young women, and STIs continue to be a challenging health issue on college campuses. Studies have shown that the highest prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) is among young adult women, ages 20 to 24, including female college students. While the HPV vaccine has proven to be highly effective in preventing certain high-risk types of HPV, it is not effective in preventing all types of HPV or other STIs. Practicing other safer sex behaviors, in addition to condom use, also can help individuals protect themselves and their partners from acquiring HPV and other STIs. Purpose. Relationships between knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine, beliefs about HPV, acceptance of the HPV vaccine, and intentions to practice safer sex behaviors were assessed to determine if female college students who had a high acceptance of the HPV vaccine were also more likely to practice safer sex behaviors. Methods. A convenience sample of 2,706 undergraduate female college students, ages 18 to 24, from three U.S. public universities, completed an online survey that measured the following study variables: knowledge about HPV; knowledge about the HPV vaccine; acceptance of the HPV vaccine, specifically influential factors and barriers to vaccination; as well as attitudes, normative beliefs, control beliefs and intentions for practicing safer sex behaviors. Results. The majority of participants had a high level of knowledge of HPV (70.4%) and the HPV vaccine (73.7%). Over one-third of the participants (37.3%) received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. Most participants thought they had a low susceptibility to HPV, as 54% thought they were unlikely to contract HPV; however, most (53.6%) thought that HPV would be a serious problem for them. The safer sex behavior that participants thought was the easiest was refusing to have sex with a partner that would not use a condom (51.8% “Strongly agree”) and the safer sex behavior that participants thought to be the most difficult was asking a partner to get tested for STIs (54.5% “Disagree”). Attitudes, normative beliefs, and control beliefs combined to strongly predict intentions (R = .730, p < .001), and attitudes was the strongest predictor for intentions to practice safer sex behaviors (β = .666), 95% CI [.649, .711]. There was a significant positive correlation between vaccine acceptance and intentions to practice safer sex behaviors (r = .087, p < .001), including likelihood of getting vaccinated against HPV (r = .098, p < .001). Conclusions. Findings from this study demonstrate the need for university student health centers to provide information about the HPV vaccine as part of broader STI prevention and social marketing campaigns, targeting female college students who are single, as well as those in monogamous relationships. Furthermore, because young men can be carriers of HPV and the HPV vaccine is now available to them, follow-up studies are needed to determine acceptance of the HPV vaccine among male college students as it relates to HPV knowledge, knowledge of the vaccine, and intentions to practice safer sex behaviors.

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Hsiang-Chu and 白香菊. "Constructing and Validating Early Adolescent Females'' Sexual Health Behavior Intentions Model." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42996934606074593924.

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博士
中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
99
Sexual health, particularly that of early adolescent females, has become a global concern. There is an extensive body of research on adolescent sexual health, almost all of which focuses on intercourse and its related outcomes (e.g., pregnancy). However, it is also important to determine the factors that influence adolescents’ behavior intentions. Thus, our conceptual model was based on the health belief model (HBM), theory of reasoned action (TRA), and the literature. Our model provides an integrative framework that includes sexual health behavioral intention, sexual self-concept, sexual health knowledge, and normative beliefs in young adolescent females. Moreover, we constructed a model of sexual health behavioral intention. We conducted cross-sectional research with adolescent females, age 12 to 15 years, in Southern Taiwan. The 632 adolescent females who completed the questionnaires yielded a total effective sample size of 545. The scales used in this study included the Pubertal Development Scale, Sexual Health Behavior Intention Scale, Sexual Self-Concept Scale, Sexual Health Knowledge Scale, and Parental/Friend Approval of Sexual Behavior Scale. All scales were examined for content and construct validity as well as for reliability, including test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct reliability. We conducted structural equation modeling to examine the proposed conceptual model, using LISREL 8.52 statistical software. The results indicated that the hypothesized model provided an excellent fit with the data (χ /df = 3.23；RMSEA = 0.064). Within the sexual health behavioral intentions model, sexual health knowledge and sexual self-concept had a significant direct effect on sexual health intentions (β = .39, t = 6.51, p < .001; β =-.51, t = -8.23, p < .001); normative beliefs, however, had no significant direct effect on sexual health behavioral intentions. Sexual health knowledge and sexual self-concept had a significant direct effect on sexual self-concept (β = .24, t = 4.59, p < .001; β = .38, t = 8.34, p < .001). Additionally, sexual health knowledge and normative beliefs had a significant indirect effect on sexual health behavioral intentions through the mediating role of sexual self-concept (β = -.12, t = -3.80, p < .001; β = -.19, t = -6.08, p < .001). Overall, the model accounted for 50% of the total variance in girls’ sexual health behavioral intentions. As such, sexual self-concept has a full mediating relationship between normative beliefs and sexual health intention behavior and a partial mediating relationship between sexual health knowledge and sexual health intention behavior. Further research should determine how well the sexual health behavioral intentions model fits different stages of adolescent development. Research also could compare adolescent males and females in terms of sexual health behavioral intentions. Such research could lead to additional, more suitable, sexual health behavior intention models for different groups. The results of this study have implications for school health education practice. Specifically, it would be valuable for nurses to design programs for sexual health intervention with early adolescent females.

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Wilson, Christyl. "Adolescent Sexual Risk Reduction and the Theory of Planned Behavior: Moderation Effects and the Role of Previous Experience." 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/psych_theses/144.

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The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is a useful model for understanding social-cognitive determinants (i.e. attitude, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control) of sexual risk reduction among adolescents. However, research using the TPB has emphasized main effects and has not considered the possibility of moderated associations. In addition to testing main effects, this study assessed the interactions between TPB constructs and investigated the influence of previous sexual experience when predicting adolescents’ intentions to use condoms and delay sexual activity. Results indicate that the TPB functions differently depending on previous sexual experience and type of risk reduction behavior. Perceived norms were the only consistent predictor of intentions for condom use and delay. Attitude moderated perceived behavioral control when predicting condom use intentions among sexually experienced youth. However, no other interaction effects were detected. Future directions for research and implications for practice are discussed.

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Caver, Kelly. "Masculine Ideology and College Men's Reactions to a Sexual Assault Prevention Program." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11555.

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Sexual assault in the United States continues to be a major societal problem which often results in serious long-term consequences for the survivors, with perpetrators most commonly being men. Sexual assault prevention programs for college men often lack theories to guide the research and demonstrate mixed results. Previous research has demonstrated that more traditional male gender role identity is linked to sexual assault supportive attitudes and behaviors, suggesting that masculine ideology could be a contributing factor to college men?s reactions to a sexual assault prevention program. The purpose of this study was to test a model of how male gender role identity constructs influence college men?s reactions to a sexual assault prevention program through the Elaboration Likelihood Model. Participants were 97 college men, ages 18 to 22. They completed measures of adherence to masculine ideologies, then participated in an hour long sexual assault prevention program focused on bystander prevention, and finally completed measures of central route processing and outcome variables. Structural equation modeling was used to test a model of how masculine ideologies and central route processing contributed to outcome results. These results indicated that men who adhered to more traditional masculine ideologies were less likely to engage in central route processing, a thoughtful processing of the information provided in the prevention program. Additionally, less adherence to traditional masculinity predicted more behavioral intentions to change as a result of the program and less acceptance of rape myths. More engagement in central route processing also predicted more positive outcomes such as behavioral intentions to change and less rape myth acceptance. Results from hierarchical linear regression analysis indicated that central route processing was more influential on the outcome variables than masculine ideology. Implications for this research include support of sexual assault prevention programs based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model as being potentially effective regardless of the men?s existing masculine ideologies.

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Chi, Chen-chieh, and 紀紳傑. "A Study of Online Users'' Intentions of Participating in Three or More People''s Sexual Activities." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63999209496684612592.

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Barrios, Randy J. "Boys Just Want to Have Fun? Sexual Behaviors and Romantic Intentions of Gay and Straight Men in College Hookup Culture." 2016. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/394.

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Scholars studying college student sexual culture in the United States largely frame men as being detached from emotions, unconcerned with relationships, and in pursuit of sexual conquests. Through an examination of college sexual culture, an environment often associated with meaningless sexual encounters, this paper tests those stereotypes in both gay and straight men. By analyzing sexual behaviors, social opportunity structures, and romantic attitudes of gay and straight males in college, this paper finds evidence that both supports and contradicts existing literature on masculine stereotypes for both groups of men.

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António, Ana Raquel Bernardino Mota de Jesus. "Homophobic bullying: intergroup factors and bystanders’ behavioral intentions." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/20583.

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Bystanders are present in most of bullying episodes and have a relevant role facilitating or inhibiting bullying. This thesis builds on a field of research that considers bullying as an intergroup phenomenon, and examines the role of intergroup factors that may inhibit or promote bystanders’ helping intentions during homophobic bullying episodes. For this purpose, we conducted eight studies (Chapters 2-6). A pilot study showed that extended contact was associated with more bystanders’ helping intentions, via increased empathy and decreased threat (Chapter 2). Two correlational studies demonstrated that social contagion concerns were associated with less bystanders’ helping intentions, and one-group representations were associated with more bystanders’ helping intentions via decreased social contagion concerns (Chapter 3). Two experiments manipulated social contagion concerns, and despite the non-significant effects of both manipulations, correlational findings were consistent with previous findings (Chapter 4). Two studies tested, experimentally, the impact of imagined and extended contact on bystanders’ helping intentions (Chapter 5). Results showed that imagined contact promoted more positive outcomes than imagining something unrelated, particularly among female younger participants and extended contact triggered positive outcomes, particularly among female and younger participants. One experiment tested the effects of common identities on bystanders’ helping intentions, showing that while dual-identity triggered more behavioral intentions to help victims of homophobic bullying, one-group identity triggered less threat (Chapter 6). Overall, this thesis supports the importance of considering intergroup factors and processes while examining bystanders’ helping intentions during homophobic bullying episodes.
Os bystanders estão presentes na maioria dos episódios de bullying e têm um papel relevante na facilitação ou inibição do bullying. Esta tese contribui para uma área de investigação que considera o bullying como um fenómeno intergrupal, examinando o papel de factores intergrupais que podem inibir ou promover as intenções de ajuda dos bystanders durante episódios de bullying homofóbico. Um estudo piloto demonstrou que o contacto alargado esteve associado a mais intenções de ajuda dos bystanders, através de maior empatia e menor ameaça (Capítulo 2). Dois estudos correlacionais demonstraram que as preocupações de contágio social estiveram associadas a reduzidas intenções de ajuda dos bystanders, e que a representação de grupo-único esteve associada a mais intenções de ajuda dos bystanders, através da redução das preocupações de contágio social (Capítulo 3). Dois estudos manipularam o contágio social, e apesar dos efeitos não significativos de ambas as manipulações, os resultados correlacionais foram consistentes com resultados anteriores (Capítulo 4). Dois estudos experimentais testaram o impacto do contacto imaginado e alargado nas intenções de ajuda dos bystanders mostrando que o contacto imaginado promoveu resultados mais positivos do que imaginar algo não relacionado, particularmente entre as participantes mais novas, e que o contacto alargado promoveu resultados positivos, particularmente entre as raparigas e os participantes mais novos (Capítulo 5). Um estudo experimental testou os efeitos de identidades comuns nas intenções de ajuda dos bystanders, revelando que, enquanto a dupla-identidade promoveu mais intenções de ajuda a vítimas de bullying homofóbico, a identidade de grupo-único desencadeou menos ameaça (Capítulo 6). No geral, esta tese sustenta a importância de considerar factores e processos intergrupais quando analisadas as intenções de ajuda dos bystanders de episódios de bullying homofóbico.

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Sta, Mina Elaine Elizabeth. "Intentions in self harm behavior in an emergency population : can they be distinguished based upon a history of childhood physical and sexual abuse?" 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=232797&T=F.

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Benavides, Torres Raquel Alicia 1979. "An interaction model of parents' and adolescents' influences on Mexican adolescents' intentions for contraception and condom use." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3465.

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The purpose of this cross-sectional and exploratory study was to describe an interaction model of parental and adolescent attributes and sexual communication influences on intentions for contraception and condom use in Mexican high school students between 14 and 17 years of age. This study utilized a secondary analysis of data from an existing experimental study. Concepts from the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Social Cognitive Theory, and the Ecodevelopmental Theory provided the contexts with which to guide this study. The study sample consisted of 756 adolescents and their parents. A SEM model building approach was used to guide the analyses. The model fit indices suggested that the sample data did not have an acceptable fit to the combined measurement model (X²[subscript (30)] = 92.215, p = 0.0000, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR= 0.04). Based on the correlation coefficients, the observed variables of parents' and adolescents' familialism and religiosity and adolescents' intentions for contraception and condom use were excluded from the structural equation modeling analyses. Two alternative models were constructed form the original and both had an acceptable fit, but based on the theoretical background, one was selected (X²[subscript (15)] = 27.289, p = .0265, CFI = .99, TLI = .99, RMSEA = .03, SRMR = .02). The revised model parents' attributes (self-efficacy for sex communication and beliefs toward sex) showed a strong relationship (r = 0.80) with parents' sexual communication (communication about sex and comfort with sex communication). An additional moderately strong correlation was found between adolescents' sexual communication (communication about sex and comfort with sex communication) and parents' sexual communication (r = .31). Although the final model in this study did not explain the direct and mediator effects on adolescents' intentions for contraception and condom use, findings add new information in relation to the phenomenon of parent-adolescent communication about sex in Mexico. Several conclusions were also drawn from the relationships among parents' attributes, adolescents' attributes, parents' sexual communication, adolescents' sexual communication, and adolescents' intentions for contraception and condom use. Findings from this study are congruent with similar research and can be useful in developing intervention programs to prevent HIV/AIDS in Mexican adolescents.

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Cheng, Chien-Mu, and 鄭千慕. "An Exploration of Condom Use Intentions among Boys’ Senior High-School Students Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: Examining the Moderating Effects of Sexual Orientation and Gender Characteristic." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q6ha93.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
公共衛生碩士學位學程
103
Objectives: This study explored condom use intentions among boys’ senior high-school students by applying the direct and indirect measures of the three constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): Attitude toward the Behavior, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control. The potential moderating effects of sexual orientation and gender characteristic were also examined. Methods: Anonymous survey data were collected from students enrolled in a boys’ senior high school in Taiwan March 2014. A total of 929 valid responses were received (response rate: 89.9%). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: When the TPB direct measures were applied, a relatively neutral (AOR = 3.37) or positive (AOR = 8.17) attitude toward the behavior, and a relatively neutral (AOR = 1.56) or supportive (AOR = 2.35) subjective norm, were found significantly associated with higher condom use intentions. When the TPB indirect measures were applied, five factors were extracted. Among them, attitudinal evaluations of positive behavioral outcomes, general subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control over facilitating conditions were significantly associated with condom use intentions to varying degrees. Also, both sexual orientation and gender characteristic (masculine/feminine) had significant moderating effects on condom use intentions. For example, when the TPB direct measures were applied, non-heterosexuals with a relatively supportive subjective norm (AOR = 0.23) and feminine students with an intermediate level of perceived behavioral control (AOR = 0.50) would significantly decrease their condom use intentions, and such interactions were statistically significant. Conclusions: Using the TPB as the theoretical framework, this study found that attitudes toward the behavior and subjective norms were strongly associated with condom use intentions among boys’ senior high-school students. Perceived behavioral control had significant effects only when the indirect measures were applied. In addition, sexual orientation and gender characteristic had important moderating effects. The empirical findings of this study could inform future health education programs to increase condom use intentions in the male student population.

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47

JUI, HUANG TZU, and 黃子睿. "Study of sexual Knowledge, sexual attitude and sexual behavior intention of church adolescent." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42psgf.

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Abstract:

碩士
長榮大學
神學系碩士班
106
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the status of sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes, and sexual behaviors intention among young people aged 12 to 22 and attended to churchs in Taiwan. To understand that whether subjects are different in their performance: sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes, and sexual behaviors intention. This study used a questionnaire survey method to participate in the study of adolescents aged 12 to 22 and attended to churchs in Taiwan. A total of 334 questionnaires were sent out, and 331 valid questionnaires were collected. The data of the questionnaires were descriptive statistics and t-tests. The results of the study are summarized as follows: First, there are significant differences in the performance of sexual attitudes between different genders. Second, the sexual behavior intentions expressed by ages 19-22 years old are the most different from those of other ages. Third, church adolescent who have received baptism and have not received baptism have significant differences in the performance of sexual attitudes. Fourth, the length of participation in adolescent worship or fellowship has significant differences in the performance of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and sexual behavior intention. Fifth, the correct rate of sexual knowledge for pregnancy and contraception is less than 70%. It is obvious that this aspect needs to be strengthened. Sixth, the church adolescent is willing to discuss sexual issues in the order of spiritual partners, church counselors, family members, and finally teachers. The method was analyzed and finally based on the results of the study to provide advice on church and family education and future research.

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48

YANG, ZHAO-HUI, and 楊昭慧. "study on premarital sexual behavioral intention of college female students." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15210926715663332825.

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49

Walker, Lisa Margot. "Young adolescents' intention to engage in pre-sexual activities: an exploratory study." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1430.

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50

Walker, Lisa Margot Anderson Edward. "Young adolescents' intention to engage in pre-sexual activities an exploratory study /." 2004. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1430/walkerl14351.pdf.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sexual intentions'

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