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Journal articles on the topic 'Sexual orientation programs'
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Mickens, Ed. "Including sexual orientation in diversity programs and policies." Employment Relations Today 21, no. 3 (September 1994): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ert.3910210303.
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Jennings, Todd. "Sexual Orientation Curriculum in U.S. School Counselor Education Programs." Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling 8, no. 1 (January 2014): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15538605.2014.853639.
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Long, Janie K., and Julianne M. Serovich. "INCORPORATING SEXUAL ORIENTATION INTO MFT TRAINING PROGRAMS: INFUSION AND INCLUSION." Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 29, no. 1 (January 2003): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2003.tb00383.x.
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Rienzo, Barbara A., James Button, and Kenneth D. Wald. "The Politics of School-Based Programs Which Address Sexual Orientation." Journal of School Health 66, no. 1 (January 1996): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06256.x.
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Jennings, Todd, and Gary Sherwin. "Sexual orientation topics in elementary teacher preparation programs in the USA." Teaching Education 19, no. 4 (December 2008): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10476210802436328.
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Lee, Jia-In, Yu-Ping Chang, Ching-Shu Tsai, and Cheng-Fang Yen. "Internalized Sexual Stigma among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals in Taiwan: Its Related Factors and Association with Mental Health Problems." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 19, 2022): 2427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042427.
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Internalized sexual stigma (ISS) is one of the major issues that can compromise the health of sexual minority populations. This quantitative study aimed to examine: (1) the relationships of individual factors (gender, age, education level, sexual orientation, and age of identification of sexual orientation) and perceived family support with ISS; and (2) the associations of ISS with mood problems and the moderating effects of gender on the associations among Taiwanese young adult lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals. In total, 500 male and 500 female young adult LGB individuals aged between 20 and 30 years participated in this study. The experience of ISS, individual (e.g., gender, age, education level, sexual orientation, and age of identification of sexual orientation) and environmental factors (perceived family), mood problems (e.g., anxiety and depression) were collected. The individual and environmental factors related to ISS and the associations of ISS with mood problems were examined using multivariate linear regression analysis. The results indicated that gender, sexual orientation, age of identification of sexual orientation, and perceived family support were significantly associated with all or some dimensions of ISS in LGB individuals. Various dimensions of ISS had different relationships with anxiety and depression. Gender had moderating effects on the association between the identity dimension of ISS and sexual orientation as well as between the social discomfort dimension of ISS and anxiety. Various dimensions of ISS among LGB individuals should be routinely assessed by mental health service units. Intervention programs should be provided for LGB individuals, especially those with factors related to ISS.
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Liu, Hui, and Rin Reczek. "Birth Cohort Trends in Health Disparities by Sexual Orientation." Demography 58, no. 4 (June 17, 2021): 1445–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9357508.
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Abstract Lesbian, gay, and bisexual-identified (LGB) people experience worse mental and physical health than their straight-identified counterparts. Given remarkable social and legal changes regarding LGB status in recent decades, we theorize that this profound health disadvantage may be changing across cohorts. Using data from the 2013–2018 National Health and Interview Surveys, we analyze five mental and physical health outcomes—psychological distress, depression, anxiety, self-rated physical health, and activity limitation—across three birth cohorts colloquially known as (1) Millennials, (2) Generation Xers, and (3) Baby Boomers and pre-Boomers. We find no evidence of reduced health disparities by sexual orientation across cohorts. Instead, relative to straight-identified respondents, the health disadvantages of gay, lesbian, and—most strikingly—bisexual-identified people have increased across cohorts. Findings highlight the importance of identifying the causes of increased health disparities as well as designing and implementing moredirect public policies and programs to eliminate health disparities among more recent LGB cohorts.
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Magno, Laio, Inês Dourado, Luís Augusto V. da Silva, Sandra Brignol, Ana Maria de Brito, Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães, Adele Benzaken, Adriana de A. Pinho, Carl Kendall, and Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo Kerr. "Factors associated with self-reported discrimination against men who have sex with men in Brazil." Revista de Saúde Pública 51 (November 24, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051000016.
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OBJECTIVE: To estimate self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Brazil and to analyze associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 3,859 MSM recruited in 2008–2009 with respondent driven sampling. Data collection conducted in health centers in 10 Brazilian cities. A face-to-face questionnaire was used and rapid HIV and syphilis tests conducted. Aggregated data were weighted and adjusted odds ratio estimated to measure the association between selected factors and self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation. RESULTS: The sample was predominantly young, eight plus years of schooling, pardo (brown), single, low-income, and identified themselves as gay or homosexual. The prevalence of self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation was 27.7% (95%CI 26.2–29.1). Discrimination was independently associated with: age < 30 years, more years of schooling,community involvement and support, history of sexual and physical violence, suicidal thoughts, and unprotected receptive anal intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of self-reported discrimination among MSM in Brazil is high. These results challenge the assumptions that MSM-specific prevention and support programs are not required or that health professionals do not need special training to address MSM needs.
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Almeida, Sandra Aparecida de, Jordana De Almeida Nogueira, Sheylla Nadjane Batista Lacerda, and Gilson Vasconcelos Torres. "Sexual orientation in school context: official speech versus pedagogic quotidian." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 4, no. 4 (October 9, 2010): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1389-10053-1-le.0404spe201001.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze under the view of managers of primary school of the city of Cajazeiras/PB, how the theme “sexual orientation” has been incorporated in the pedagogic practices. Methodology: this is about a qualitative research performed in 2008, with eight managers of public schools, after has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Paraiba/UFPB through protocol number 1075. The semi-structured interview was elected as technique of investigation, and the empiric material obtained was submitted to the Technique of Analysis of Content, thematic modality. Results: it was highlighted that there is a commitment of the managers towards the insertion of the sexual orientation in the school context and that investments in the continued formation of educators have been done. However they recognize that the lacks of technical/ emotional preparation of the educators interfere in the effective deepening of this content. Attention is given to natural sciences and prevention education actions. Conclusion: intervention programs that reflect an orientation and/or political decision in the practice previously taken, could not guarantee their execution and/or deployment, as they require the understanding of the context that shapes and determines the representation of the actors. Descriptors: sexuality; sexual orientation; sexual behaviorRESUMO Objetivo: analisar sob a ótica dos gestores do ensino fundamental da cidade de Cajazeiras/PB como o tema “orientação sexual” vem sendo incorporado nas práticas pedagógicas. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em 2008, envolvendo oito gestores das escolas públicas, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, sob o protocolo 1075. Elegeu-se a entrevista semi-estruturada com técnica de investigação e o material empírico obtido foi submetido à Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultado: evidenciou-se que há comprometimento por parte dos gestores no que tange a inserção da orientação sexual no contexto escolar e que vem sendo feito investimentos na formação continuada dos educadores. Entretanto, reconhecem que a falta de preparo técnico/emocional dos educadores interfere na efetivação e aprofundamento desse conteúdo. Privilegia-se a área de ciências naturais e enfoque preventivista das ações educativas. Conclusão: programas de intervenção que na prática traduzem uma orientação e/ou decisão política previamente tomada, não garantem sua execução e/ou implantação, pois exigem a compreensão do contexto que molda e condiciona as representações dos atores. Descritores: sexualidade; orientação sexual; comportamento sexualRESUMEN Objetivo: analizar desde la perspectiva de los gestores de la enseñanza básica de la ciudad de Cajazeiras/PB, de qué forma el tema “orientación sexual” viene siendo incorporado a las prácticas pedagógicas. Metodología: investigación cualitativa, llevada a cabo en 2008 participaron ocho directores de las escuelas públicas, aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Federal de Paraíba, protocolo 1075. Elegido para ser las entrevistas semi-estructuradas con la investigación técnica y empírica material obtenido fue sometido a la técnica de análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: se evidencia que hay un compromiso por parte de los gestores en cuanto a la inserción de la orientación sexual en el contexto escolar, y que se viene invirtiendo en la formación permanente de los educadores. Sin embargo, se reconoce que la falta de preparación técnico/emocional de los educadores interfiere en la efectividad y profundización de ese contenido. Se presta atención a las ciencias naturales y las acciones de prevención de la educación. Conclusión: se considera que programas de intervención que, en la práctica, tienen una orientación y/o decisión política previa, no garantizan su ejecución y/o implantación, ya que exigen la comprensión del contexto que modela y condiciona las representaciones de los actores. Descriptores: sexualidad; orientación sexual; comportamiento sexual.
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Yarhouse, Mark A. "Group Therapies for Homosexuals Seeking Change." Journal of Psychology and Theology 26, no. 3 (September 1998): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164719802600303.
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The purpose of this article is to review the literature on group therapies for homosexuals who report distress concerning their experience of same-sex attraction. There are a number of methodological limitations to the research published between the 1950s and 1970s, and it is misleading to present this research as decisive evidence that sexual orientation can be changed. In addition, various contemporary professional and religion-based paraprofessional groups have been designed to bring about change of orientation, but few provide outcome data to support their claims of successful change. Psychologists should not dismiss these studies and programs as irrelevant to those who experience same-sex attraction and seek change, but they are challenged to design interventions and collaborate with existing programs to demonstrate efficacy and to clarify precisely what various interventions, programs, and support groups can accomplish.
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Aylward, Erin, and Stephen Brown. "Sexual orientation and gender identity in Canada’s “feminist” international assistance." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 75, no. 3 (September 2020): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702020953425.
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Canada’s Feminist International Assistance Policy (FIAP), launched in June 2017, marks the first time that sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) have been mentioned in an overarching Canadian aid policy. The inclusion of SOGI in the policy document sent an important signal to domestic and international development partners on the need to consider these sources of discrimination and marginalization. This article asks two basic research questions. First, what is the place of SOGI in Canada’s “feminist” international assistance? Second, what additional steps does Canada’s development program need to take to protect the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) people in the Global South? Based on an analysis of official documents and secondary sources, we argue that FIAP itself sends only a weak signal about the importance of SOGI-related concerns, but Canadian foreign aid has expanded its understanding of LGBTI issues and has begun to commit dedicated resources to addressing them. Nonetheless, the initial programming (2017–2019) was channelled in an ad hoc manner and through one, major stand-alone commitment, rather than through a broader framework that would guide SOGI’s integration into Canadian programs over the long term. If serious about addressing LGBTI rights more systematically, the Canadian government needs to expand its definition of what SOGI entails and move beyond niche programming to recognize the cross-cutting dimension of LGBTI rights in foreign aid, especially in the area of sexual and reproductive health and rights.
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Sherwin, Gary, and Todd Jennings. "Feared, Forgotten, or Forbidden: Sexual orientation topics in secondary teacher preparation programs in the USA." Teaching Education 17, no. 3 (September 2006): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10476210600849664.
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Holley, Lynn C., Kyoko Y. Tavassoli, and Layne K. Stromwall. "Mental Illness Discrimination in Mental Health Treatment Programs: Intersections of Race, Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation." Community Mental Health Journal 52, no. 3 (January 21, 2016): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-016-9990-9.
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Ngesu, Lewis Muli, and Alice Gichohi. "Sexuality Education." Msingi Journal 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/mj.v1i2.50.
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Sex education has become a major concern in our universities that needs redress. Regardless of this, only few studies have been done on it. This paper seeks to review various studies done by researchers on safer sexual behaviour amongst university students and the impacts of risky sexual behaviour amongst the same. It majors on abstinence, condom utilization, contraception, students’ lawlessness and other contributing factors to sexual moral decadence. To mitigate problems related to risky sexual behaviour, it will require a holistic approach from relevant stakeholders as well as implementing new policies in these institutions. This would entail pre-hand orientation of new students, curriculum review and integration of university dons and staff in the health education as a way of alleviating sexual abuse. In addition to policies, a policy action environment is necessary to address sexual and reproductive health rights among university students. This can be achieved through skill building programs such as sex education, peer counseling, and sensitization on contraceptive use.
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Fernández-Fuertes, Andrés A., Rodrigo J. Carcedo, Begoña Orgaz, and Antonio Fuertes. "Sexual Coercion Perpetration and Victimization: Gender Similarities and Differences in Adolescence." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 16 (May 13, 2018): 2467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260518774306.
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Sexual coercion is a worldwide health problem that endangers the well-being of those involved. In the same line of the most recent and comprehensive studies, this study sought to investigate the extent of sexual coercion, both perpetration and victimization, among male and female adolescents. Moreover, it jointly analyzed the predictive power of different variables that have been considered as useful to design preventive programs. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study, using proportional stratified cluster sampling, was performed and 1,242 Spanish adolescents (15-19 years old) were surveyed. Results show that both genders had reported committing and suffering sexual coercion. However, perpetration was reported more often by males: no significant gender difference was found in victimization. It was also concluded that need for control and power, normative beliefs about sexual coercion, hostile sexism, negative alcohol expectancies, and sociosexual orientation were significant predictors of perpetration for both genders. Concerning victimization, need for control and power and normative beliefs were found to be significant predictors for males and females, as were negative alcohol expectancies and sexual esteem, though only for males. According to these results, both genders can be both perpetrators and victims of sexual coercion in adolescence, but not to the same extent. Moreover, preventive programs should include activities related to perpetration and victimization, taking into account the effectiveness of their components to intervene with male and female adolescents.
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Duberstein Lindberg, Laura, Adam Sonfield, and Alison Gemmill. "Reassessing Adolescent Male Sexual and Reproductive Health in the United States: Research and Recommendations." American Journal of Men's Health 2, no. 1 (December 5, 2007): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988307309460.
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Adolescent males are practicing safer sexual behaviors and experiencing healthier outcomes than their predecessors. In recent years, adolescent males have tended to start having sex later in life, have fewer sexual partners, use condoms and other contraceptive methods more often, and father fewer children. Yet sexual activity during adolescence remains the norm, and thus adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) remains an important concern. Moreover, large disparities remain in risk and outcomes according to race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, social connectivity, and where men live. Policy and program advances have been limited. Adolescent males are less likely than they were a decade ago to be receiving broad-based SRH information in school, and their access to clinical services has increased only marginally. Most new funding has been provided for ineffective abstinence-only education programs. Prerequisites for continued progress include research to fill in gaps in our knowledge, arriving at societal consensus around key controversies, and new tactics and allies in the political arena.
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Eastman, Jaime, and J. Joseph Prince. "Library Service to Underserved Children and Their Caregivers Committee: Lighting the Way: Providing Timely Resources for Underserved Populations." Children and Libraries 19, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/cal.19.1.34.
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Libraries provide access to valuable information, resources, and services. Yet, despite our best efforts, some populations remain overlooked or underserved.For libraries, these patrons struggle with access to, use of, or representation in our collections, programs, and services. These barriers may result from language, financial status, race, gender, sexual orientation, or specific skills and abilities. As community and cultural institutions, we must not provide any patron with less than adequate—or better yet, exemplary—service.
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Burack, Cynthia. "Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (SOGI) Human Rights Assistance in the Time of Trump." Politics & Gender 14, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 561–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743923x1800065x.
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The US government was a late adopter of support and advocacy for international sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) human rights. Although US support for SOGI human rights did not begin in the Obama administration, after 2011 such support was expanded, publicized, and institutionalized. Since the 2016 presidential election, many international and grassroots LGBTQI human rights activists have expressed concern about the prospects for US SOGI advocacy in the Trump administration. No definitive policy changes have been made public, but clues to the future of US advocacy for SOGI can be found in a variety of sites. These include the discourse and policy articulations of the secretary and human rights officials in the State Department as well as those of legislators who fund human rights programs and exercise oversight over it.
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Gil Llario, Mª Dolores, Irene Díaz Rodríguez, Roberta Ceccato, Rafael Ballester Arnal, and Cristina Giménez García. "CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES HACIA LA ORIENTACIÓN SEXUAL, COMPORTAMIENTOS DE RIESGO Y ABUSOS SEXUALES EN MUJERES CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, no. 1 (September 18, 2016): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v2.455.
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Abstract:KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES TO SEXUAL ORIENTATION, RISK BEHAVIORS AND SEXUAL ABUSE IN WOMEN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIESThe purpose of this study is to analyze of attitudes to sexuality expression, knowledge about safe and risk sex practices and sexual behavior in a sample of women with intellectual disabilities, to prevent sexual violence against this group. The sample consists of 39 women, aged between 27 and 52 years living in sheltered housing, residential homes or households. The results obtained through a structured interview and a scale of sexual perception adapted to the study population, indicate that the most common and acceptable behavior in women between 27 and 35 years is the oral sex with both men and women. The sex had been practiced by women between 44 and 52 years and also this segment had received more sexual abuse. Regarding the type of housing, attitudes to sexual expression in public and knowledge about safe and risk sex practices was higher in women residing in institutions. Among women living in sheltered housing masturbation, oral and vaginal sex, is the most common. These results underscore the importance of tailoring affective-sexual education programs to different types of housing and/or lifestyles of this group.Keywords: woman, intellectual disability, type of housing, safe sex practices, sexuality, sexual abuse.Resumen:El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las actitudes ante la expresión de la sexualidad, los conocimientos sobre prácticas sexuales seguras y de riesgo y el comportamiento sexual en una muestra de mujeres con discapacidad intelectual, para prevenir la violencia sexual hacia este colectivo. La muestra está compuesta por 39 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre 27 y 52 años, residentes en viviendas tuteladas, centros residenciales o unidades familiares. Los resultados obtenidos a través de una entrevista estructurada y una escala de percepción sexual adaptada a la población de estudio, indican que la conducta más aceptable y frecuente en mujeres entre los 27 y 35 años es la práctica de sexo oral tanto con hombres como con mujeres. Las relaciones sexuales habían sido más practicadas por mujeres entre los 44 y 52 años y también este segmento había recibido más abusos sexuales. En relación al tipo de vivienda, en las mujeres que residen en viviendas tuteladas la masturbación, el sexo oral y el vaginal más frecuentes que en otros tipos de vivienda, mientras que las actitudes ante la expresión de la sexualidad en público y el conocimiento sobre prácticas sexuales seguras y de riesgo, son más favorables en mujeres que residían en centros residenciales. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de adecuar los programas de educación afectiva-sexual a los diferentes tipos de vivienda y/o estilos de vida de este colectivo.Palabras clave: mujer, discapacidad intelectual, tipo de vivienda, prácticas de sexo seguro, sexualidad, abuso sexual.
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Inmaculada, Fernández-Antelo, and Cuadrado-Gordillo Isabel. "Discrimination and Violence Due to Diversity of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: Explanatory Variables." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073638.
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Knowledge of the processes of aggression and victimization in couple relationships cannot be approached through the treatment of single variables. It needs a multidimensional perspective that establishes a web of relationships between variables of different types. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to explore the interrelationships between and interdependence of empathy, moral disengagement, homophobic attitudes, and prejudice as explanatory variables of discrimination and violence towards couples due to gender issues; and (ii) to delimit predictive indicators of the manifestation of aggressive attitudes and prejudices towards homosexual couples. The sample comprised 778 young people of ages 18 to 24 years (M = 19.9; SD = 1.6). Through the use of four instruments, it was found that empathy is a strong protector against homophobic attitudes, while moral disengagement is a predictor of aggressive attitudes towards same-sex couples. The results make it possible to delimit homophobic profiles and obtain predictive indicators that will be key elements in the design of programs and measures to prevent violence towards couples for reasons of gender.
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Ko, Nai-Ying, Wei-Hsin Lu, Yi-Lung Chen, Dian-Jeng Li, Yu-Ping Chang, Peng-Wei Wang, and Cheng-Fang Yen. "Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Constructs of COVID-19 Health Beliefs: A Comparison Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Individuals in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 4282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124282.
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This online survey study aimed to compare the cognitive, affective, and behavioral constructs of health beliefs related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals in Taiwan. In total, 533 sexual minority and 1421 heterosexual participants were recruited through a Facebook advertisement. The constructs pertaining to cognition (perceived relative susceptibility to COVID-19, perceived COVID-19 severity, having sufficient knowledge and information on COVID-19, and confidence in coping with COVID-19), affect (worry toward COVID-19), and behavior (adoption of health-protective behaviors) in relation to health beliefs about COVID-19 were compared between sexual minority and heterosexual participants. The results indicated that sexual minority participants had lower perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, greater self-confidence in coping with COVID-19, and lower worry about COVID-19 and were less likely to maintain good indoor ventilation and disinfect their household than heterosexual individuals. Sexual orientation is the modifying factor for the Health Belief Model in the COVID-19 pandemic and should be taken into consideration when medical professionals establish prevention programs for COVID-19.
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Ryan, John, James Hawdon, and Allison Branick. "The Political Economy of Diversity: Diversity Programs in Fortune 500 Companies." Sociological Research Online 7, no. 1 (March 2002): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.702.
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Using data from a 1998 SHRM survey, this study examines the prevalence and nature of diversity initiatives in Fortune 500 companies. The rhetoric of diversity in industry suggests that a diverse workforce is good for business. Diversity is typically defined in terms of such demographic factors as race, age, gender, ethnic background, and, to a lessor extent, sexual orientation. Our analysis shows that most Fortune 500 companies have some diversity initiatives, but that these initiatives are disproportionately aimed at certain minority groups. Thus, there appears to be a political economy of diversity in which some categories of diversity are valued over others. We place this analysis within the larger context of a changing economic, occupational and political factors affecting the diversity movement.
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Albrechta, Hannah E., Mira L. Katz, and Megan E. Roberts. "Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in Ohio." Ohio Journal of Public Health 4, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8561.
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Background: Many documented disparities associated with health behaviors and access to health care impact the health outcomes of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). The current study aimed to gain insight into the health dispari-ties experienced by SGM adults living in Ohio to obtain data to plan future health-related programs. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using 2018 Ohio Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Health behaviors, health care access, and health outcomes were analyzed by sexual orientation (n=11 301) and gender identity (n=11 426) to determine health disparities faced by sexual minority males, sexual minority females and transgender individuals. Results: Significant SGM health disparities in Ohio are related to substance use (ie, binge drinking, current smoking status, e-cigarette use, and marijuana use); poor physical and mental health status; lack of health care coverage; and experiencing COPD, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis (all p < 0.001). In addition, fewer sexual minority females reported being within recommended breast cancer screening guidelines than heterosexual females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sexual and gender minority adults in Ohio report disparities associated with several health behaviors and access to health care. These findings may be due to factors at the patient level (eg, experiencing minority stress), provider level (eg, implicit bias), system level (eg, discrimination), and/or society level (eg, lack of legal protections). Study results will be used to plan health campaigns and programs targeted to SGM adults and providers to achieve health equity for the SGM population in Ohio.
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D’Orazio, Deirdre M. "Evaluating the responsivity principle in prison-based programs for sexual offending behavior." Journal of Criminal Psychology 7, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 192–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-12-2016-0045.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the degree to which a US prison-based sexual offender treatment program adheres to the best practice responsivity principle and to shed light on why prison-based programs tend to have worse recidivism outcomes than community programs. Results will facilitate program development efforts as they transition from programming developed prior to the risk-needs-responsivity knowledge about what works in treatment. Design/methodology/approach A mix of qualitative and quantitative methods assessed treatment methods, therapeutic climate, group therapy environment, therapist style, and staff and participants’ perceptions. Findings Overall, the analyses revealed insufficient adherence to the responsivity principle. The program used methods known to be effective with sexual offenders, but with deficient implementation. In group therapy sessions, therapeutic style deficiencies were demonstrated for stimulating growth, nurturance, and direction and control. Treatment program advancement was associated with group environment declines in cohesion, leader support, expressiveness, independence, and task orientation. Originality/value Results suggest that improved treatment response can be achieved by modifying methods and style to foster participant internal control, eliminate unnecessary external control and fear-based compliance, maximize participant autonomy; implement strengths-based approaches and fewer deficit-based interventions; monitor and minimize participant shame, and create a transparent and consistent program milieu, with clear communication, individualization, and adequate resources. Study limitations include a lack of recidivism outcomes; that it is a single prison sample, excludes female and juvenile offenders, and lacks a community-based control group. Nonetheless, despite inherent responsivity vulnerabilities compared to community-based programs, this study indicates several ways that program developers can enhance adherence to the responsivity principle in institutional-based programs.
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Ocran, Benedict, Sharon Talboys, and Kimberley Shoaf. "Conflicting HIV/AIDS Sex Education Policies and Mixed Messaging among Educators and Students in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality, Ghana." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 22, 2022): 15487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315487.
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While school-based comprehensive sex education (CSE) is effective in HIV prevention among young people ages 10–24 years, Ghana’s national sexual and reproductive health education policy promotes abstinence. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health’s HIV prevention programs provide more comprehensive school-based education. This qualitative study evaluated the HIV/AIDS education program in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality to assess the perspectives of students and educators in 10 schools on school-based sexual and reproductive health programs, including HIV/AIDS education and conflicting HIV/AIDS sex education policies. HIV prevalence in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality of Ghana was more than twice the national average at 5.64% in 2018, and prevalence among youth in the municipality aged 15–24 was the highest in the nation at 0.8%. Educators have mixed feelings regarding abstinence-based and CSE approaches. However, students generally endorse abstinence and describe the limitations of condom use. Ambiguity in overarching policies is identified as a factor that could influence the orientation of school-based health educators, create disharmony in sex education interventions, introduce confusing sex education messages to young people, and create a potentially narrow curriculum that limits the gamut of HIV/AIDS sex education to exclude young people’s risky sexual behaviours and diverse teaching and implementation strategies. Policies and the scope of sex education should be realigned to ensure the transparent implementation of HIV/AIDS sex education programs in Ghana.
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Buhrke, Robin A., and Louise A. Douce. "Training Issues for Counseling Psychologists in Working with Lesbian Women and Gay Men." Counseling Psychologist 19, no. 2 (April 1991): 216–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000091192006.
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Counseling psychology professional organizations clearly state that discrimination on the basis of minority status-be it racial/ethnic, sexual orientation, gender, or other-is unethical and unacceptable. Unfortunately, many counselors and counseling psychologists have received little training with regard to lesbian and gay issues. This article presents ways in which these issues can and should be incorporated into counseling psychology training programs. Academic and internship training are addressed, followed by a discussion of the importance of a safe and appropriate environment for lesbian and gay personnel Specific recommendations are presented and discussed.
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Coulter, Robert W. S., and Susan R. Rankin. "College Sexual Assault and Campus Climate for Sexual- and Gender-Minority Undergraduate Students." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 5-6 (March 15, 2017): 1351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517696870.
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Sexual- and gender-minority (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) undergraduate students are at greater risk for sexual assault victimization than their cisgender (i.e., nontransgender) heterosexual peers. However, few studies have examined how social environments affect sexual assault victimization among sexual- and gender-minority undergraduate students. Nevertheless, this research area was identified as a priority by the Institute of Medicine as well as President Barack Obama’s White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault. Therefore, we tested the association between college campuses’ inclusion of sexual- and gender-minority people and experiences of sexual assault victimization. Cross-sectional surveys were completed by sexual- and gender-minority undergraduate students ( N = 1,925) from higher education institutions in all 50 U.S. states in 2010. Our dependent variable was experiencing sexual assault victimization at college. Our primary independent variable was campus climate, measured with items assessing perceived inclusion of sexual- and gender-minority people and witnessing sexual- or gender-minority harassment. We used multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (accounting for the clustering of students within schools) to estimate the association between campus climate and experiencing sexual assault victimization. Overall, 5.2% of the sample reported ever being victims of sexual assault at college. Controlling for sexual orientation, gender identity, race/ethnicity, and year in school, greater perceived inclusion of sexual- and gender-minority people on campus was associated with significantly lower odds of experiencing sexual assault victimization. Our study suggests that improving campus climate for sexual- and gender-minority individuals may reduce their prevalence of college sexual assault, which has potential implications for college practitioners and administrators as well as sexual assault prevention programs and policies.
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Senreich, Evan. "The Effects of Honesty and Openness About Sexual Orientation on Gay and Bisexual Clients in Substance Abuse Programs." Journal of Homosexuality 57, no. 3 (February 26, 2010): 364–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00918360903542990.
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Rooney, Margaux. "The Evolution of Services for Male Domestic Violence Victims at WEAVE." Partner Abuse 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.1.1.117.
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Domestic violence victim service providers are challenged to create programs that are responsive to a broad range of clients who are diverse in gender and sexual orientation and present with a spectrum of abuse histories and complex co-occurring conditions. The scope of victim services needs to be examined and adjusted in order to better address the complicated issues that these clients present. This necessitates expanding beyond the feminist-based peer-counselor model that most domestic violence agencies are founded upon and integrating a gender-inclusive clinical approach that addresses the relational dynamics of the abuse and underlying psychotherapeutic issues. WEAVE, Sacramento County’s primary provider of domestic violence services, is successfully modifying its culture and programs to be more responsive to clients of both genders accessing services with various trauma histories.
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Pebdani, Roxanna N. "Rehabilitation Counselor Knowledge, Comfort, Approach, and Attitude Toward Sex and Disability." Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 27, no. 1 (2013): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.27.1.32.
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This study examined the effect of rehabilitation counseling students’ age, sex, disability status, geographic location, marital status, religion, sexual orientation, and level of sexuality training on knowledge, comfort, approach, and attitudes toward the sexuality of people with disabilities. Participants were 312 rehabilitation counseling master’s students in Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) accredited programs all over the United States. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analyses demonstrated that Knowledge scores were affected by intensity of training. Other subscale scores indicated that rehabilitation counseling students had generally negative attitudes toward sex and disability and low levels of comfort with approaches from clients. Results demonstrate the importance of rehabilitation counselor educators incorporating the topic of sex and disability in training programs so that graduating students have the knowledge and comfort necessary to discus sex with their clients with disabilities.
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Lin, Huang-Chi, Chih-Cheng Chang, Yu-Ping Chang, Yi-Lung Chen, and Cheng-Fang Yen. "Associations among Perceived Sexual Stigma from Family and Peers, Internalized Homonegativity, Loneliness, Depression, and Anxiety among Gay and Bisexual Men in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 20, 2022): 6225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106225.
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This study aimed to examine the moderating factors of the association between perceived sexual stigma from family and peers and internalized homonegativity, as well as to compare the effects of perceived sexual stigma from family and peers and internalized homonegativity on loneliness, depression, and anxiety in gay and bisexual men. In total, 400 gay and bisexual men participated in this study. The experiences of perceived sexual stigma from family and peers on the Homosexuality subscale of the HIV and Homosexuality Related Stigma Scale, internalized homonegativity on the Measure of Internalized Sexual Stigma for Lesbians and Gay Men, loneliness on the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), depression on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, and anxiety on the State subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were collected. The results indicated that perceived sexual stigma from family and peers was significantly associated with internalized homonegativity in both gay and bisexual men, and that sexual orientation moderated the association. Moreover, the association between internalized homonegativity and loneliness was significantly greater than that between perceived sexual stigma from family and peers and loneliness, although no significant differences were observed in their associations with depression and anxiety. Intervention programs that promote changes in the attitudes toward gay and bisexual men among the general population are needed to help prevent the development of internalized homonegativity and further loneliness, depression and anxiety.
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Sánchez González, Sofía, and Beatriz González de Garay Domínguez. "La Diversidad Afectivo-Sexual en First Dates (Cuatro: 2016-). Análisis de Contenido del Perfil de los Participantes." Masculinities & Social Change 9, no. 2 (June 21, 2020): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/mcs.2020.3629.
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The aim of the current research is to study the affective-sexual diversity on the TV show First Dates and its representation of LGBT participants. The methodology used was the content analysis of 28 programs from the third season and the selection of a final sample of 260 participants (n = 260). The results show the presence of a high percentage of LGBT members (in comparison with demographical data), although its representation is not uniform: lesbianism, bisexuality and transsexuality are scarce, and young people are the population group with more LGBT individuals on the TV show. In addition, Spain is the geographical origin of most of the contestants, being Madrid, Catalonia and Andalusia the most common place of residence. The occupation also proved to be statistically related to the sexual orientation while the second-date consent or the geographical origin did not.
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Morales Rodríguez, Francisco Manuel, René Rodríguez Clares, and María Remedios García Muñoz. "Influence of Resilience, Everyday Stress, Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence, and Empathy on Attitudes toward Sexual and Gender Diversity Rights." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 27, 2020): 6219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176219.
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The present study forms part of the project “Cross-disciplinary education for sexual, body, and gender diversity” (Code 419). The aim of this study was to analyze the role played by the psychoeducational variables involved in burnout (resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, empathy, and everyday stress) on attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity rights. Participants comprised 170 university students undertaking a degree in primary education. Instruments were administered to assess the constructs analyzed, ensuring informed consent, voluntary participation, anonymity, and data confidentiality. An ex post facto design was employed to determine whether attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity rights are influenced by the possible relationships and role of these variables. We found statistically significant associations between students’ attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity at all three levels (sociocultural, relational, and personal) and the variable of burnout. Attitudes towards gender sexual orientation and gender identity rights influence burnout, and vice versa. As we ponder deeply about how these factors influence one another, we can shift our perspectives in a way that builds social harmony. It is important to learn how exactly these influences work, and this knowledge translates into making teaching strategies more effective to help raise awareness about guaranteeing rights for all. At the personal level of students’ attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity/equality, we found positive correlations between this level and the total score for the variable of resilience and with its factor of personal competence. The data obtained will be of use for future psychoeducational assessment and intervention programs related to an education in sexual orientation and gender identity rights that are aimed at developing socio-emotional competencies and attention to diversity with the ultimate goal of improving social harmony by dismantling stereotypes and raising awareness of the importance of the variables of resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, empathy, and everyday stress which highlights how “education is an instrument of social transformation”.
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Zambrano-Plata, Gloria Esperanza, Jessica Paola Toscano-Moros, and Jennifer Gil-Marles. "Actitudes sexuales en adolescentes estudiantes universitarios." Revista Ciencia y Cuidado 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/17949831.326.
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Objetivo: describir las actitudes sexuales de los adolescentes matriculados en los programas presenciales diurnos de una universidad en Cúcuta, Colombia, durante el primer semestre de 2014. Materiales y Métodos: estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 375 adolescentes estudiantes universitarios. La selección de los sujetos se realizó mediante un muestreo polietápico estratificado. La información se recolectó a través del instrumento Actitudes Sexuales. Resultados: los participantes tenían en promedio 19 años, predominio de género masculino, religión católica, procedencia de familias nucleares y orientación heterosexual. Las actitudes sexuales fueron liberales en el 68% de los encuestados. Este porcentaje aumentó respecto a la actitud hacia las relaciones sexuales donde el 75% mantuvo una postura liberal, mientras que al analizar la actitud hacia las diferentes formas de practicar el sexo se encontró un 53% con actitud conservadora y este porcentaje aumento cuando se analizó la actitud hacia la libre expresión de la sexualidad con el 60% de estudiantes con postura conservadora. Respecto a la relación de algunas variables con las posturas liberales frente a la sexualidad, se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre esta y el ser hombre, tener edad superior o igual a 19 años, pertenecer a semestres superiores, ser agnóstico o ateo, asistir poco o nunca al templo y ser bisexual. Conclusiones: el liberalismo sexual en las actitudes de los adolescentes universitarios es más discursivo que práctico, ya que esta postura cambia de acuerdo al contexto. PALABRAS CLAVES: sexualidad, adolescente, actitud. Sexual attitudes among university students ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the sexual attitudes of adolescents enrolled in day programs in a university in Cucuta, Colombia, in the first half of 2014. Materials and Methods: quantitative, descriptive approach. The sample consisted of 375 adolescents university students. The selection of subjects was performed using a multistage stratified sampling. The information was collected through the Sexual Attitudes instrument. Results: participants were on average 19 years old, predominantly male genre, Catholic religion, with an origin in nuclear families and heterosexual orientation. Liberal sexual attitudes were 68% of surveyed adolescents. This percentage increased about the attitude to face sexual relationships, where 75% maintained a liberal stance percentage, while analyzing the attitude towards different ways of practicing sex was found 53% with conservative and the percentage increased when it was analyzed the attitude to the free expression of sexuality with 60% of students with conservative stance. Regarding the relationship of some variables with liberal attitudes towards sexuality, it was found a statistically significant relationship between this and the fact of being a man, being older than 19 years old, belonging to higher semesters, being agnostic or atheist, going or not to the church and being bisexual. Conclusions: the sexual liberalism in the attitudes of university adolescents is more discursive than practice, because this posture changes according to the context. KEYWORDS: adolescent, attitude, sexuality. As atitudes sexuais entre universitários RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as atitudes sexuais de adolescentes matriculados em programas de dia enfrentar uma universidade no Cúcuta, Colombia, no primeiro semestre de 2014. Materiais e Métodos: abordagem quantitativa, descritivo. A amostra foi composta de 375 adolescentes universitarios. A seleção dos sujeitos foi realizada utilizando uma amostragem estratificada em múltiplos estágios. A informação foi recolhida através das Atitudes Sexuais de instrumentos. Resultados: os participantes tinham em média 19 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino, religião católica, de origem das famílias nucleares e orientação heterossexual. Atitudes sexuais liberais eram 68% dos entrevistados. Este aumento em relação a atitude em relação ao sexo, onde 75% mantiveram um percentual liberal postura, ao analisar a atitude em relação a diferentes formas de praticar sexo foi encontrado 53% com conservadora e o aumento percentual quando analisados atitude para a livre expressão da sexualidade com 60% de alunos com postura conservadora. Quanto à relação de algumas variáveis com atitudes liberais em relação a sexualidade, a relação estatisticamente significativa entre este homem e ser encontrado, não inferior a 19 anos, pertencentes a semestres mais elevadas, ser agnóstico ou ateu, pouco ou participar Nunca ao templo e ser bissexual. Conclusões: o liberalismo sexual nas atitudes dos adolescentes da faculdade é mais discursiva e eu praticar esta postura, muda de acordo com o contexto. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: adolescentes, atitude, sexualidade.
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Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Olanrewaju Ibigbami, Nourhan M. Aly, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño, Eshrat Ara, Passent Ellakany, et al. "Associations between sexual orientation, financial security and relationships with family and peers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria." AAS Open Research 4 (November 9, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13296.1.
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Background: This study aimed to determine whether factors associated with financial insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with worsening relationships with family, peers and friends of sexual minorities living in Nigeria. Methods: Data were collected using an online survey conducted from 29th June to 31st December 2020. The outcome variable was the quality of relationship with family, friends and peers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The explanatory variables were the sexual orientation (lesbian, gay, bisexual, heterosexual), COVID-19 status, and financial security (job loss or reduced/lost wages because of the COVID-19 pandemic). Multilevel logistic regression analysis models with robust estimation were built and used to assess the association between the outcome and explanatory variables. The models were adjusted for sociodemographic profile (age, sex at birth, education status). Results: Being a sexual minority was associated with higher odds of worsened relationship with family (AOR: 1.49) and friends and peers (AOR: 2.38) during the pandemic. Having COVID-19 symptoms but not getting tested was significantly associated with higher odds of reporting worsening of the relationship with family (AOR: 1.69) and history of job loss (AOR: 1.68), while having formal education (p<0.05) was significantly associated with lower odds of reporting worsening of the relationship with family. The factors significantly associated with higher odds of reporting worsened relationship with friends and peers were testing positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 1.60), reduced wages (AOR: 1.24), and being older (AOR: 1.01). Attaining a college/university education was significantly associated with lower odds of worsened relationship with friends and peers (AOR: 0.31). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic may increase the risk of negative disruptions in the relationships with family, friends and peers, especially for sexual minorities. National COVID-19 response programs should include plans to support those who face social disruption in managing the crisis.
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Yuindartanto, Andre, Afif Nurul Hidayati, Diah Mira Indramaya, M. Yulianto Listiawan, Evy Ervianti, and Damayanti Damayanti. "Risk Factors of Syphilis and HIV/AIDS Coinfection." Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin 34, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikk.v34.2.2022.114-119.
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Background: Syphilis infection and HIV are major health problems worldwide. Both of these diseases can be transmitted through sexual contact, so often a person suffers from both diseases at the same time. Purpose: To describe the risk factors of syphilis and HIV/AIDS coinfection in the Infectious Disease Intermediate Treatment Unit (UPIPI) inpatient and outpatient ward of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2019. Methods: The study design used in this study is a retrospective descriptive study aimed at evaluating sexual and non-sexual factors that cause syphilis and HIV coinfection. The research population was patients in the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the January-December 2019 period. The sampling technique was sourced from secondary data, namely medical record data from the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the period January-December 2019. The data in this study were obtained from medical records and patient biodata. Result: Based on the calculation results, it is known that age group (P=0.022>0.05), and gender (P=0.024>0.05) had no effect on the risk of syphilis and HIV coinfection, while marital status (P=0.048<0.05), sexual orientation (P=0.048<0.05), transmission model (P=0.044<0.05), and type of work (P=0.046<0.05fected the risk of syphilis and HIV coinfection. Conclusion: People with HIV/AIDS are expected to be active in participating in programs that are needed by patients, such as antiretroviral (ARV) therapy assistance programs and counseling that will prolong the quality of life in various aspects of life, both physical, psychological and social aspects.
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Roth, Eric Abella, Zishan Cui, Lu Wang, Heather L. Armstrong, Ashleigh J. Rich, Nathan J. Lachowsky, Paul Sereda, et al. "Substance Use Patterns of Gay and Bisexual Men in the Momentum Health Study." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 5 (July 19, 2018): 1759–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318786872.
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Research with male sexual minorities frequently combines gay and bisexual men as Men Who Have Sex with Men or Gay and Bisexual Men. When analyzed separately, bisexual men consistently feature negative health differentials, exemplified by higher substance use levels. This interpretation is not clear-cut because studies may combine bisexual men and women, use different dimensions of sexual orientation to define bisexuality, and/or not consider number of sexual partners as a possible confounding factor. This study conducted separate bivariate and multivariate analyses comparing gay to bisexual Momentum Study participants based on self-identity, sexual attraction, and sexual behavior, while controlling for number of sexual partners and sociodemographic, psychosocial, and sexual behavior measures. The study hypothesized that, regardless of definition, bisexual men feature higher substance use levels compared to gay men. Bivariate analyses revealed significantly higher ( p < .05) use among bisexual men for multiple substances in all samples. Nonprescription stimulants and heroin were significant in all multivariate logistic regression models. In contrast, all bisexual samples reported lower use of erectile dysfunction drugs and poppers, substances associated with anal sex among gay men. Subsequent analysis linked these results to lower levels of anal sex in all bisexual samples. Bivariate analyses also revealed that bisexual men featured significantly lower educational levels, annual incomes, and Social Support Scales scores and higher Anxiety and Depression Sub-Scale Scores. In summary, findings revealed bisexual men’s distinctive substance use, sexual behavior, psychosocial, and sociodemographic profiles, and are important for tailoring specific health programs for bisexual men.
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Kondratenko, T. A., D. V. Vorontsov, S. R. Saukhat, N. G. Tyutyunkova, E. A. Maksimova, L. F. Chernigovets, I. K. Dorofeeva, F. V. Logvin, and A. B. Shemshura. "Evaluation of sociopsychological factors of HIV vulnerability in youth of Russian South (according to the data of behavioral research)." Perm Medical Journal 36, no. 4 (October 17, 2019): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj36455-62.
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Aim. To evaluate the links between the individual gender ideology, sexual statements, relationship system characteristics and the vulnerability of heterosexual HIV infection.
Materials and methods. Behavioral questioning, based on sampling of 239 students (mean age 20 years).
Results. Among both young men and women, there was detected a correlation between loyalty to conservative gender ideology and justification of sexual abuse against women as well as characteristics of interpersonal relations, reducing motivation to use of condoms. Conservative gender ideology significantly raises vulnerability of young women against HIV-infection through their justification of sexual abuse and domination of men. Egalitarian gender ideology is essentially connected with the statements, aimed at less risky, as for HIV infection, sexual practice. Conservative gender ideology supports orientation of youth to behavioral models, elevating vulnerability against HIV infection in heterosexual contacts: refusal from use of condoms, resistance to recommendations for decrease of risk.
Conclusions. Conservative gender ideology significantly increases vulnerability of young women against HIV infection through their justification of sexual abuse and domination of men. It is useful to include determination of a number of sociopsychological characteristics into the procedure of behavioral studies in the framework of epidemiological supervision of HIV infection, which can indirectly increase vulnerability of youth against HIV infection. There were offered content changes in programs, directed to decrease of risk among youth.
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Castro, Ángel, Juan Ramón Barrada, Pedro J. Ramos-Villagrasa, and Elena Fernández-del-Río. "Profiling Dating Apps Users: Sociodemographic and Personality Characteristics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 22, 2020): 3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103653.
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The development of new technologies, the expansion of the Internet, and the emergence of dating apps (e.g., Tinder, Grindr) in recent years have changed the way to meet and approach potential romantic and/or sexual partners. The recent phenomenon has led to some gaps in the literature on individual differences (sociodemographic variables and personality traits) between users (previous and current users) and non-users of dating apps. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between using dating apps, sociodemographics (gender, age, sexual orientation, and relationship status), and bright and dark personality traits. Participants were 1705 university students (70% women, 30% men), aged between 18 and 26 (M = 20.60, SD = 2.09), who completed several online questionnaires. Through multinomial logistic regression analyses, it was found that men, older youth, and members of sexual minorities were more likely to be current and previous dating apps users. Being single and higher scores in open-mindedness were associated with higher probability to be current dating apps user. The dark personality showed no predictive ability. The discussion highlights the usefulness of knowing and considering the sociodemographic background and the characteristics of personality patterns in the design and implementation of preventive and promotion programs of healthy romantic and sexual relationships to improve people’s better health and well-being.
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Lonsway, Kimberly A. "Preventing Acquaintance Rape Through Education." Psychology of Women Quarterly 20, no. 2 (June 1996): 229–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1996.tb00469.x.
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Emerging information that rape primarily occurs between acquaintances has not only exploded our understanding of this problem, but forced a reexamination of our notions of prevention. In recent years, the vast majority of rape prevention programs have taken the format of educational workshops, with the underlying assumption that change in rape-supportive ideologies will decrease the actual incidence of sexual aggression. This article critically reviews such rape prevention education with particular focus on common techniques such as: “debunking” rape mythology, generating participant interaction, providing sexuality education and a feminist orientation, and avoiding confrontational approaches. Finally, theoretical and practical concerns are discussed regarding previous experiences of sexual victimization or perpetration, the conceptualization and use of outcome measures, issues of program facilitation, and processes underlying change in rape-supportive ideologies. It is concluded that future research must seriously address these many issues through thoughtful conceptualization and rigorous experimentation, so that the promise of rape prevention can be fully realized.
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Simpson, Steve, Christine Clifford, Kaz Ross, Neil Sefton, Louise Owen, Leigh Blizzard, and Richard Turner. "Sexual health literacy of the student population of the University of Tasmania: results of the RUSSL Study." Sexual Health 12, no. 3 (2015): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14223.
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Background Evidence suggests a varied level of sexual health literacy (SHL) among university student populations, so we evaluated the SHL among students at the University of Tasmania. Methods: Students were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire during August/September 2013. SHL was assessed using the ARCSHS National Survey of Australian Secondary Students & Sexual Health (ARC) and the Sexual Health Questionnaire (SHS). Predictors of literacy scores were evaluated by linear regression. Results: The study recruited 1786 participants (8.2% of 2013 student population), of similar composition to the general university population. Female sex, older age, sexual education, and sexual experience were significant predictors of SHL. As hypothesised, students in medical/nursing disciplines had the highest SHL. Less expected were the significant differences by birthplace and religious affiliation, many of which persisted on adjustment for confounders. Compared with Australian/New Zealander students, overseas-born students had significantly lower ARC (–3.6%, P < 0.001) & SHS (–4.2%, P < 0.001); this was driven by Malaysian, Indian, and Chinese students. Compared with agnostic/atheist-identifying students, those of Buddhist (ARC: –5.4%, P = 0.014; SHS: –6.7%, P = 0.002), Hindu (ARC: –8.8%, P = 0.098; SHS: –12.2%, P = 0.027), Muslim (ARC: –16.5%, P < 0.001; SHS: –13.4%, P = 0.001) and Protestant (ARC: –2.3%, P = 0.023; SHS: –4.4%, P < 0.001) identifications had markedly lower SHL. Conclusions: This study, one of the first among university students in Australia, found a varied SHL by sex, age, sexual education and sexual experience, as well as by birthplace and religious affiliation. These findings have applications in orientation and education programs at Australian universities.
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Shaw, Heather, Paul Rohde, Christopher David Desjardins, and Eric Stice. "Sexual orientation correlates with baseline characteristics but shows no moderating effects of dissonance-based eating disorder prevention programs for women." Body Image 32 (March 2020): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.11.006.
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Ventura-Filipe, Elvira M., and Stan P. Newman. "Influence of HIV positive status on sexual behavior among males." Revista de Saúde Pública 32, no. 6 (December 1998): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89101998000600002.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare HIV seronegative (HIV-) and HIV seropositive (HIV+) males in terms of sexual behavior with female and male partners of different types. METHOD: Cross-sectional study. From August 1994 to February 1995, a sample of 236 respondents (150 HIV- and 86 HIV+) recruited from public health centers in the State of S. Paulo (Brazil), answered a questionnaire, including questions on demographic aspects, HIV and AIDS related knowledge, sexual orientation, use of alcohol and other drugs, sexual behavior with regular and casual female and male partners, and perceived risk of HIV infection. Sexual behavior with regular and casual female and male partners within the previous three months, was investigated. RESULTS: A lower proportion of HIV+ engaged in sexual contact with regular female partners (p < .01) and in vaginal intercourse with this type of partner (p < .01). A lower proportion of HIV+ engaged in overall sexual activity (p < .001) and reported lower frequency of penetrative sexual practices (p < .05). A high level of condom use with female and male partners was identified with no significant differences being found between the two serostatus groups. Some risky sexual behavior was identified, however, especially with regular partners, suggesting that some men were continuing to practice unsafe sex. CONCLUSIONS: The high level of condom use identified suggests that safer sex advice has been taken up. Condom use was not universal, however, and some men continue to place themselves at risk, especially with regular partners. Prevention programs should strive not only to encourage HIV- to practice safer sex, but also to encourage HIV+ to do so in order to prevent further transmission of the virus.
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Juliadarma, Minggusta. "Kontribusi Manajemen Peserta Didik terhadap Pendidikan Seksual." Al-Idaroh: Jurnal Studi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54437/alidaroh.v5i1.187.
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So far, education experts have contributed a lot of thoughts on tips on child sexual education, but the operation of the education process is only through informal education, which is only in the family environment. This study seeks to present the flow of the sexual education process of children at the school level as an integral part of the learning process. This study discusses the contribution of student management to sexual education of children in schools. This study uses library research methods and uses documentation study as a data collection technique. The results revealed that the process of implementing sexual education in students can be carried out in three stages of activities, namely the stages of admitting new students, the learning process, guidance and monitoring. The first stage is through managing new student orientation activities which are divided into male and female groups, new students are accustomed not to mingle with the opposite sex. This activity should also be used by the school to socialize school rules that contain sexual education values. The second stage, management of the learning process in the form of managing student groupings based on gender (gender grouping); determining the learning method through the expository method, discussion method, exemplary method, and habituation method; as well as managing learning programs by incorporating sexual education values ??into formal subjects such as Biology, Sociology, Morals, and Fiqh. The next stage is to carry out structured guidance related to sexual education coaching under the supervision of guidance and counseling teachers. The final stage in the series of sexual education processes in schools is monitoring activities that involve all stakeholders in the school environment such as the principal, vice principal in student affairs, homeroom teachers, subject teachers, guidance and counseling teachers and even parents.
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Vives-Cases, Carmen, Vanesa Pérez-Martínez, MCarmen Davó-Blanes, Miriam Sánchez-SanSegundo, Diana Gil-González, Daniel G. Abiétar, Francesca Sánchez-Martínez, Lluís Forcadell-Díez, Glòria Pérez, and Belén Sanz-Barbero. "Dating violence and associated factors among male and female adolescents in Spain." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): e0258994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258994.
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Background Dating Violence (DV) is a public health problem that is on the rise. In this paper, we aim to analyse different factors associated with DV victimization among female and male adolescents in Spain, considering socioeconomic circumstances, sexual orientation and the presence of different attitudes and experiences related to violence. Methods Cross-sectional data from a convenience sample of 640 ever-partnered adolescents aged 13 to 17 at schools in the cities of Alicante (n = 359, 50.1% girls) and Terrassa (n = 281, 51.9%) in the context of an educational intervention to promote healthy relationships. We calculated the prevalence of different forms of DV (physical, sexual and control and fear) and carried out multivariate regression models by sex. Results 5.5% of girls and 8.7% of boys declared having suffered lifetime physical and/or sexual violence, while 22% of girls and 20.5% of boys reported control and/or fear victimization. The likelihood of DV was higher among migrants and those with foreign-born parents (aPR girls = 2.1 CI95%: 1.1–3.9; aPR boys = 1.9: CI95%: 1.0–3.6); prior experiences of abuse (aPR girls = 1.6; CI95%: 1.0–2.6; aPR boys = 1.7; CI95%: 1.1–2.6); and those who showed higher levels of machismo (aPR girls = 1.0; CI95%: 1.0–1.1; aPR boys = 1.0; CI95%: 1.0–1.1). In girls, DV increased among those who reported lesbian/bisexual orientation and poor relationship with teachers. Conclusions DV is socially patterned and increases among LGB adolescents (especially in the case of girls), migrants, and those with foreign-born parents, and adolescents who reported prior experiences of violence in childhood. Future DV prevention programs should consider social inequalities in the likelihood of DV and by reinforcing adolescents’ abilities to recognize social support sources and reject machismo and violence.
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Parr, Robert G. "Should Cswe Allow Social Work Programs in Religious Institutions an Exemption from the Accreditation Nondiscrimination Standard Related to Sexual Orientation? Yes!" Journal of Social Work Education 32, no. 3 (October 1996): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10437797.1996.10778461.
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Jones, Linda E. "Should Cswe Allow Social Work Programs in Religious Institutions an Exemption from the Accreditation Nondiscrimination Standard Related to Sexual Orientation? No!" Journal of Social Work Education 32, no. 3 (October 1996): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10437797.1996.10778462.
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Limoges, Natalie, Scott L. Zuckerman, Lola B. Chambless, Deborah L. Benzil, Aurora Cruz, Jonathan H. Borden, and Susan Durham. "Neurosurgery Resident Interviews: The Prevalence and Impact of Inappropriate and Potentially Illegal Questions." Neurosurgery 89, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyab059.
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Abstract BACKGROUND The impact of workplace discrimination has gained recognition. Nearly two-thirds of all medical residency applicants reported being asked inappropriate or potentially illegal interview questions. The use of such questions during neurosurgery residency interviews has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of inappropriate or potentially illegal questions in residency interviews and the impact on applicants’ rank lists. METHODS All 2018 to 2019 United States neurosurgery resident applicants were anonymously surveyed. The survey included 46 questions focused on demographics; if they were asked questions regarding rank list, age, gender, marital status, family planning, religion, sexual orientation, or disability and whether such questions affected their rank list formation. RESULTS Of 265 surveyed United States applicants, 133 (50%) responded. Most respondents were male (78%), 24% were married, and 10% had children. During the formal interview, 94% were asked at least 1 inappropriate or potentially illegal question. About 78% reported being asked about marital status, 29% were asked about intent to have children. About 46% reported being counseled on their personal life, 30% were asked about their ethnic background, and 15% were asked about their religion. A total of 2 candidates reported questions about mental illness/disability, and 2 candidates reported being asked about sexual orientation. About 45% of applicants that were asked at least 1 of these questions ranked those programs lower. CONCLUSION Nearly all (94%) neurosurgical residency applicants reported being asked at least 1 inappropriate or potentially illegal question during interviews. Our results indicate that inappropriate questions negatively affected program rankings.
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Banerjee, Smita C., Jessica M. Staley, Koshy Alexander, Chasity B. Walters, and Patricia A. Parker. "Encouraging patients to disclose their lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) status: oncology health care providers’ perspectives." Translational Behavioral Medicine 10, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/iby105.
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Abstract A compelling touted strategy for reducing discrimination towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) patients is improving communicative competence of health care providers (HCPs); however, evidence base for describing communication practices between HCPs and LGBT patients is scarce. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine HCP experiences and perspectives as they relate to patient sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) disclosure, perceived communication and structural/administrative challenges in interactions with LGBT patients, and suggestions for improving care of LGBT patients. The sample consisted of 1,253 HCPs, who provided open-ended responses to an online cross-sectional survey conducted at a Comprehensive Cancer Center in the Northeastern United States. The open-ended responses were inductively and deductively coded for key themes and sub-themes. The results demonstrated an array of useful communication strategies employed by oncology HCPs to encourage LGBT patients’ SOGI disclosure (direct questions regarding sexual orientation, use of the term “partner,” and using correct pronouns), communication and structural/administrative challenges faced by HCPs in providing care (HCP own fears and biases, transgender patient care, insurance issues, and procedural challenges for LGBT patients), and suggested recommendations from oncology HCPs to improve their care delivery for LGBT patients (more provider-based training, improving awareness of LGBT-friendly resources, establishing trusting relationships, and not assuming sexuality or gender identity). These findings have implications for developing and evaluating training programs to improve LGBT sensitivity and communication among HCPs, and encourage SOGI disclosure in an open and judgment-free health care environment.
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DeSmet, Ann, Maddalena Rodelli, Michel Walrave, Gwendolyn Portzky, Eva Dumon, and Bart Soenens. "The Moderating Role of Parenting Dimensions in the Association between Traditional or Cyberbullying Victimization and Mental Health among Adolescents of Different Sexual Orientation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 2867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062867.
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Cyberbullying victimization is associated with mental health problems and reported to occur more in nonheterosexual orientation youth (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ)) than among heterosexual youth. Parental support may protect against mental health problems after being victimized, but nonsupportive parental influences may also exacerbate harm. This study investigated whether parenting dimensions (autonomy support, psychological control) moderated the associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems among heterosexual and LGBQ adolescents. An anonymous survey was completed by 1037 adolescents (M age = 15.2 ± 1.9, 50% female). Regression analyses examined associations between victimization, sexual orientation, and mental health problems, and investigated the moderating role of parenting. Both forms of victimization were associated with higher mental health problems. LGBQ youth experienced more depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation than heterosexual youth. Lower levels of parental psychological control and higher levels of autonomy support were related to having fewer mental health problems. However, perceived autonomy support appeared less protective when adolescents experienced more frequent victimization. Moreover, parental psychological control was related to heightened risk for suicidal plans specifically among LGBQ youth and also exacerbated the association between cyberbullying victimization and stress among LGBQ youth. These findings underscore the need to address parenting in whole-school antibullying and mental health promotion programs.