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1
Wang, P., N. Luo, E. S. Tai, J. Lee, H. L. Wee, and J. Thumboo. "PRM35 Relative Efficiency of the SF-8, SF-12, and SF-36 in the General Population." Value in Health 15, no. 7 (November 2012): A651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.286.
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Wang, P., A. Z. Fu, H. L. Wee, J. Lee, E. S. Tai, J. Thumboo, and N. Luo. "Predicting preference-based SF-6D index scores from the SF-8 health survey." Quality of Life Research 22, no. 7 (October 10, 2012): 1675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-012-0284-6.
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Beierlein, Volker, Matthias Morfeld, Corinna Bergelt, Monika Bullinger, and Elmar Brähler. "Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität mit dem SF-8." Diagnostica 58, no. 3 (July 2012): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000068.
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Zusammenfassung. Der Short-Form Health Survey SF-8 ist ein Instrument zur Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität, einem wichtigen Outcomekriterium klinischer Studien und in den Gesundheitswissenschaften. Das Instrument ist eine Kurzform des häufig verwendeten SF-36, mit dem acht Dimensionen der subjektiven Gesundheit gemessen sowie zwei Summenskalen Körperlicher und Psychischer Gesundheit berechnet werden können. Der SF-8 wurde im Jahr 2004 im Rahmen einer bundesweit durchgeführten Mehrthemenbefragung eingesetzt. Basierend auf diesen Daten können erstmalig repräsentative Normdaten zum SF-8 (N = 2552) aus einer schriftlichen Befragung für die deutsche Bevölkerung vorgelegt werden. Die Referenzdaten werden alters- sowie geschlechtsdifferenziert berichtet und auf Zusammenhänge mit soziodemografischen Merkmalen analysiert. Seltene fehlende Werte in den Antworten weisen auf eine gute Akzeptanz des Instruments hin. Auch wenn der SF-8 in verschiedenen Subskalen mit Deckeneffekten behaftet ist, kann sein Einsatz aufgrund seiner Ökonomie empfohlen werden.
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Ellert, U., T. Lampert, and U. Ravens-Sieberer. "Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität mit dem SF-8." Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 48, no. 12 (December 2005): 1330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00103-005-1168-5.
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Stefan “Steve” Rabitsch, Michael Fuchs, and Stefan Brandt. "CFP: Worlding SF: Building, Inhabiting and Understanding SF Universes, Graz, Austria, 6-8 Dec. 2018." Science Fiction Studies 45, no. 1 (2018): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.45.1.0218.
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Wang, P., N. Luo, HL Wee, ES Tai, J. Lee, and J. Thumboo. "PMC8 PREDICTING THE SF-6D PREFERENCE-BASED INDEX SCORE USING THE SF-8 HEALTH SURVEY." Value in Health 13, no. 7 (November 2010): A552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(11)73312-5.
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Erhart, M., R. Wetzel, A. Krügel, and U. Ravens-Sieberer. "Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität mit dem deutschen SF-8." Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 48, no. 12 (December 2005): 1322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00103-005-1165-8.
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Trappe, Todd, Scott Trappe, Gary Lee, Jeffrey Widrick, Robert Fitts, and David Costill. "Cardiorespiratory responses to physical work during and following 17 days of bed rest and spaceflight." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 3 (March 2006): 951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01083.2005.
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To determine the influence of a 17-day exposure to real and simulated spaceflight (SF) on cardiorespiratory function during exercise, four male crewmembers of the STS-78 space shuttle flight and eight male volunteers were studied before, during, and after the 17-day mission and 17 days of −6° head-down-tilt bed rest (BR), respectively. Measurements of oxygen uptake, pulmonary ventilation, and heart rate were made during submaximal cycling 60, 30, and 15 days before the SF liftoff and 12 and 7 days before BR; on SF days 2, 8, and 13 and on BR days 2, 8, and 13; and on days 1, 4, 5, and 8 after return to Earth and on days 3 and 7 after BR. During 15 days before liftoff, day 4 after return, and day 8 after return and all BR testing, each subject completed a continuous exercise test to volitional exhaustion on a semirecumbent (SF) or supine (BR) cycle ergometer to determine the submaximal and maximal cardiorespiratory responses to exercise. The remaining days of the SF testing were limited to a workload corresponding to 85% of the peak pre-SF peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2 peak) workload. Exposure to and recovery from SF and BR induced similar responses to submaximal exercise at 150 W. V̇o2 peak decreased by 10.4% from pre-SF (15 days before liftoff) to day 4 after return and 6.6% from pre-BR to day 3 after return, which was partially (SF: −5.2%) or fully (BR) restored within 1 wk of recovery. Workload corresponding to 85% of the peak pre-SF V̇o2 peak showed a rapid and continued decline throughout the flight (SF day 2, −6.2%; SF day 8, −9.0%), reaching a nadir of −11.3% during testing on SF day 13. During BR, V̇o2 peak also showed a decline from pre-BR (BR day 2, −7.3%; BR day 8, −7.1%; BR day 13, −9.0%). These results suggest that the onset of and recovery from real and simulated microgravity-induced cardiorespiratory deconditioning is relatively rapid, and head-down-tilt BR appears to be an appropriate model of this effect, both during and after SF.
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Alrub, Ahmad Abu, Dana Hyassat, Yousef S. Khader, Radwan Bani-Mustafa, Nidal Younes, and Kamel Ajlouni. "Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life among Jordanian Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer." Journal of Diabetes Research 2019 (January 17, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4706720.
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Objective. This study is aimed at determining factors associated with the quality of life among Jordanian diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Methods. 144 consecutive patients with diabetic foot ulcers aged ≥ 18 years who were attending the diabetic foot clinic at a diabetes-specialized center were included in this study. Health-related quality of life was assessed using two self-administered questionnaires: Diabetic Foot Scale-Short Form (DFS-SF) and Short Form-8 (SF-8). Results. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer had low mean DFS-SF score and low mean scores on physical and mental component summary scales (PCS8 and MCS8). Males had significantly higher DFS-SF score indicating better health-related quality of life than females (P value 0.038). A patient with stressful life events had significantly lower health-related quality of life using DFS-SF scale and SF-8 summary scales. Patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and patients with obesity had lower DFS-SF and PCS8 quality of life. Conclusion. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer had low quality of life. Female gender, obesity, presence of PVD, and stressful life events were the most important factors associated with lower quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.
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Song, Peng, Yu Tu, Xiaoping Shen, Aihua Yuan, Linzhi Zhai, and Sayyar Ali Shah. "Fabrication of ZIF-8@SF Linear Composite Through Directly Feeding Approach." Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials 29, no. 6 (April 24, 2019): 2083–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10904-019-01167-3.
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Vallès, Jordi, Magda Guilera, Zahara Briones, Carmen Gomar, Jaume Canet, and Jordi Alonso. "Validity of the Spanish 8-item Short-form Generic Health-related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire in Surgical Patients." Anesthesiology 112, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 1164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181d3e017.
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Background Health-related quality of life is usually reported for specific rather than heterogeneous populations such as those treated in routine anesthesia practice. The 8-item short-form generic health-related quality-of-life questionnaire (SF-8) is a candidate instrument for this setting. The authors evaluated the feasibility, reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change of the Spanish version of SF-8 in a population-based surgical cohort. Methods Recruiting patients from a large population-based study of risk factors for pulmonary complications, before surgery, the authors administered the 1-week recall SF-8 to 2,991 patients undergoing nonobstetric elective or emergency surgery in 59 hospitals, each of which collected data on seven randomly assigned days in 2006. The SF-8 was administered again 3 months later. Reliability was evaluated using the Cronbach alpha coefficient and validity by comparing physical and mental component summary SF-8 scores with clinical variables. Responsiveness after surgery was evaluated using the standardized response mean. Results Cronbach alpha for the overall test was 0.92. Physical and mental component summary scores and all individual scores were lower (worse quality of life) in women (P < 0. 01) and decreased with age (P < 0.01). Preoperative scores were lower for those in worse clinical condition (higher body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class, or surgical risk scores), with preoperative respiratory symptoms, and in emergency situations (P < 0.01). The standardized response mean ranged from 0.1 to 0.5. Conclusions The SF-8 is a feasible, reliable, valid, and responsive instrument for assessing health-related quality of life in a broad-spectrum surgical population.
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Trappe, Scott W., Todd A. Trappe, Gary A. Lee, Jeffery J. Widrick, David L. Costill, and Robert H. Fitts. "Comparison of a space shuttle flight (STS-78) and bed rest on human muscle function." Journal of Applied Physiology 91, no. 1 (July 1, 2001): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.57.
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The purpose of this investigation was to assess muscle fiber size, composition, and in vivo contractile characteristics of the calf muscle of four male crew members during a 17-day spaceflight (SF; Life and Microgravity Sciences Spacelab Shuttle Transport System-78 mission) and eight men during a 17-day bed rest (BR). The protocols and timelines of these two investigations were identical, therefore allowing for direct comparisons between SF and the BR. The subjects' age, height, and weight were 43 ± 2 yr, 183 ± 4 cm, and 86 ± 3 kg for SF and 43 ± 2 yr, 182 ± 3 cm, and 82 ± 4 kg for BR, respectively. Calf muscle strength was examined before SF and BR; on days 2, 8, and 12 during SF and BR; and on days 2 and 8 of recovery. Muscle biopsies were obtained before and within 3 h after SF (gastrocnemius and soleus) and BR (soleus) before reloading. Maximal isometric calf strength and the force-velocity characteristics were unchanged with SF or BR. Additionally, neither SF nor BR had any effect on fiber composition or fiber size of the calf muscles studied. In summary, no changes in calf muscle strength and morphology were observed after the 17-day SF and BR. Because muscle strength is lost during unloading, both during spaceflight and on the ground, these data suggest that the testing sequence employed during the SF and BR may have served as a resistance training countermeasure to attenuate whole muscle strength loss.
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Wu, Jia-wei, Ming-jie Liu, Lu Wang, and Guo-ping Guan. "Influence of silk fibroin/sodium alginate coatings on the mineralization of silk fibroin fiber artificial ligament prototypes." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 13-14 (January 6, 2020): 1590–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519898156.
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The goal of the present work is to investigate the effects of varying coatings on in vitro mineralization of silk fibroin fiber artificial ligaments (SFALs). Silk fibroin (SF) and sodium alginate (SA) aqueous solutions with varying concentrations were respectively employed for coating surfaces of the SFALs to improve calcium phosphate (CaP) deposition. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were utilized for characterizations. Furthermore, the surface of the SFAL was modified with SF/SA composite coatings. The volume ratios of the SF to the SA were set at 2:8, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4 and 8:2. The results show that either the SF or the SA coatings can improve the mineralization of the SFALs in vitro. The concentration of 1% for the SF and the SA coatings is conducive to deposit more calcium ions and obtain a biomimetic Ca/P ratio. Furthermore, the SF/SA composite coatings facilitate a thicker and uniform deposition layer than the SF and the SA coatings. The sediments are spherical particles and are more uniform in size. Therefore, the SF/SA composite coatings have more significant efficacy, particularly when the volume ratio of the SF to the SA was 4:6. The present work indicates that the SF/SA coatings possess excellent potential in promoting the osseointegration of artificial ligaments implanted in bone tunnels.
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Walker, J. A., C. R. Krehbiel, D. L. Harmon, G. St. Jean, W. J. Croom Jr., and W. M. Hagler Jr. "Effects of slaframine and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4DAMP) on pancreatic exocrine secretion in the bovine." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 72, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y94-007.
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Three Holstein steers (345 ± 22 kg) surgically fitted with a pancreatic cannula were used in two 3 × 3 Latin square design experiments to examine the effects of slaframine (SF), a muscarinic agonist, or 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4DAMP), an M3 muscarinic glandular receptor antagonist, on pancreatic exocrine secretion. Pancreatic exocrine secretion was collected for 8 h postdosing at 30-min intervals beginning 1 h postfeeding. In experiment 1, steers were dosed with 0, 25, or 50 μg∙kg−1 body weight (BW) of SF. Secretion of pancreatic juice and the pH of the secreted juice increased linearly (p < 0.05) with SF; however, secretion rate showed a time by treatment interaction (p < 0.05), as treatments converged 7 h postdosing. Trypsin secretion tended (p < 0.10) to show a quadratic response to SF administration, with the 25 μg SF∙kg−1 BW dose having the lowest value. In experiment 2, steers received 50 μg∙kg−1 BW of SF (positive control), 113 μg∙kg−1 BW of 4DAMP (isomolar with SF), or both. SF caused a greater pancreatic fluid secretion (p < 0.10) than 4DAMP, with SF plus 4DAMP intermediate. A time by treatment interaction (p < 0.04) was found, since treatments converged 8 h postdosing. Trypsin secretion was higher (p < 0.05) for SF than the other treatments. Chymotrypsin, α-amylase, and protein secretion were not affected. SF and 4DAMP alter pancreatic fluid secretion in the steer but have minimal effects on enzyme secretions.Key words: slaframine, 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide, bovine, pancreatic exocrine secretion.
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de Brito-Ashurst, Ione, Marianne Klebach, Eleni Tsompanaki, Sundeep Kaul, Peter van Horssen, and Zandrie Hofman. "Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Protein Absorption Markers with a New Peptide Enteral Formula Compared to a Standard Intact Protein Enteral Formula in Critically Ill Patients." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2021): 2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072362.
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The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate gastrointestinal tolerance and protein absorption markers with a new enteral peptide formula (PF) compared to an isocaloric enteral intact protein standard formula (SF) containing the same amount of protein in ICU patients. Patients admitted to a cardio-thoracic intensive care unit expected to receive tube feeding for ≥5 days were randomized to receive either PF (1.5 kcal/mL) or SF in a double-blind manner for ≤14 days. Twenty-six patients were randomized (13 SF and 13 PF) and 23 (12 SF and 11 PF) completed at least 5 days of product administration. There were no statistically significant differences between the feeds during the first 5 days of intervention for diarrhea (SF:3 (23%); PF:5 (39%), p = 0.388), vomiting (SF:1 (8%); PF:2 (15%), p = 0.549), constipation (SF:7 (54%), PF:3 (23%), p = 0.115), and high gastric residual volume (>500 mL: SF:1 (8%); PF: 2 (15%), p = 0.535). There were no differences in plasma amino acids or urinary markers of protein absorption and metabolism. In conclusion, no major differences were found in tolerability and protein absorption markers between the standard intact protein formula and the peptide formula.
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Haourigui, M., S. Sakr, M. E. Martin, N. Thobie, A. Girard-Globa, C. Benassayag, and E. A. Nunez. "Postprandial free fatty acids stimulate activity of human corticosteroid binding globulin." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 269, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): E1067—E1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.6.e1067.
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The effect of postprandial variation of free fatty acids (FFA) on serum corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) properties and cortisol (hydrocortisone) concentrations were explored in 11 women (20-30 yr) during 8 h after an oral load of tallow (26% C16:0, 18% C18:0, and 43% C18:1), oleic-sunflower (oleic-SF; 73% C18:1), sunflower (SF; 67% C18:2), and mixed oil (MO; 39% C18:1 and 48% C18:2). Serum FFA increased little after SF and MO but more than doubled in the late postprandial period (6 and 8 h) after oleic-SF (due to monounsaturated FFA) or tallow (due to saturated and monounsaturated FFA). CBG concentrations remained unchanged, but in relation with the postprandial elevation of serum FFA, CBG binding activity was increased after tallow or oleic-SF as a result of a combined two- to threefold increase in affinity constant and a 50% reduction in binding sites. Immunological and in vitro binding studies showed the changes in CBG behavior to be conformational and to be mediated mainly by monounsaturated FFA, especially C18:1. The modifications of CBG properties were associated with sustained high concentrations of cortisol (suppression of midday decrease) 6 and 8 h after tallow or oleic-SF. Thus dietary FFA may have an impact on bioavailability of glucocorticoids.
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Awada, Hassan, Arda Durmaz, Cassandra M. Kerr, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, and Valeria Visconte. "Genomic Landscape of Splicing Factor Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139470.
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Mutations in components of the RNA-splicing machinery are among the most prevalent genomic alterations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS, 45-85% based on disease subtype). With the advent of new powered genomic technologies, spliceosomal mutations have been also detected in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML cells have shown to express a large number of alternative spliced events with splicing factor (SF) mutations altering pre-mRNA splicing of downstream targets. How these mutations mediate, modify or support leukemogenic transformation is still unknown. One could think that indirectly the targets of SF alterations could be unveiled through detailed analysis of the phenotype of AML patients carrying those events. Therefore, we aimed to describe the frequency of mutations, clinical associations and molecular cooperative lesions of the most common SF genes (SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1, ZRSR2) in AML to speculate unique molecular combinations contributing to disease phenotypes. We collected data of targeted deep sequencing and whole exome sequencing of a cohort of 2188 AML cases from the Cleveland Clinic (n=855) and publicly available data. In total, we had 1636 primary (p), 433 secondary (s) and 119 (t) AML. Eighteen% of AML patients (n=388) carried a mutation in SF (SF mutant, SF-MT) while 83% were wild type (SF-WT AML, n=1800). More specifically, the frequency of SF-MT individuals was 14% in pAML (n=234) and tAML (n=17) while a significantly higher frequency was observed in sAML (32%, n=137) as compared to pAML + tAML (P<0.0001). Next, we compared the baseline, clinical and genomic characteristics of SF-MT vs SF-WT AML to uncover invariant phenotypic features and molecular associations that could potentially define SF-AML. SF-MT patients were significantly older than SF-WT AML [71 vs 60 years; P<0.0001] with an 83% having and age ≥60 years vs 56% in each group, respectively (P<0.0001). SF-MT AML were significantly of male predominance as compared to SF-WT AML (72 vs 50%, P<0.0001). Percentages of anemia and thrombocytopenia were similar in both groups. Median bone marrow blasts% was lower in SF-MT compared to SF-WT AML (49 vs 61; P<0.0001). In terms of cytogenetic profile, SF-mutant AML had lower odds of normal karyotype compared to SF-WT AML (50% vs 59%; P=0.002). Trisomy 8 was significantly frequent in SF-MT AML (15 vs 8%; P<0.0001) while -5/del(5q) was more common in SF-WT AML (10 vs 5%, P=0.008). The molecular profile of SF-MT AML was characterized by significantly frequent mutations in ASXL1 (23 vs 5%, P<0.0001), BCOR/L1 (10 vs 3%, P<0.0001), CBL (5 vs 2%, P=0.001), ETV6 (4 vs 1%, P<0.0001), IDH2 (15 vs 10%, P=0.006), IDH2R140 (13 vs 8%, P=0.0009), JAK2 (5 vs 1%, P<0.0001), KRAS (6 vs 3%, P=0.03), MECOM (4 vs <1%, P=0.02), RUNX1 (29 vs 7%, P<0.0001), STAG2 (12 vs 5, P<0.0001), TET2 (19 vs 11%, P<0.0001) while mutations in DNMT3A (15 vs 26%, P<0.0001), FLT3ITD (18 vs 10%, P=0.005), NPM1 (32 vs 11%, P<0.0001), PTPN11 (8 vs 4%, P=0.005), TP53 (8 vs 4%, P=0.002) shaped the SF-WT AML profile. Survival analyses showed that SF-MT AML had dismal survival outcome compared to SF-WT AML (17.4 vs 26.2 mo., P<0.0001). We then used multivariate cox proportional hazards to identify genomic features associated with survival in each group separately and found that favorable features included NPM1MT in both groups and biallelic CEBPA in SF-WT AML. On the other hand, adverse genomic lesions included complex karyotype, DNMT3AMT, FLT3ITD-MT and TP53MT in both groups, in addition to KRASMT and PHF6MT in SF-MT while ASXL1MT, KDM6AMT, RUNX1MT in SF-WT AML. The comparison of OS between SF-MT vs SF-WT AML for the association of a specific genomic lesion (cytogenetic/gene abnormality) revealed that mutations in DNTM3A (17.8 vs 21.6 mo., P=0.02), ETV6 (17.4 vs 32.1 mo., P=0.04), KRAS (11.9 vs 28.7, P<0.0001), NRAS (12.9 vs 26.5 mo., P=0.0005), cohesins (12.1 vs 29.3 mo., P=0.0002) and TET2 (13.4 vs 28.1 mo., P=0.006) significantly contributed to shortened survival and worse outcomes. In sum, we described the presence of SF mutations in AML and defined the phenotypic features of this subset and its genomic associations as compared to SF-WT AML. We further highlighted the unique genomic contributors associated with their survival outcomes. Perhaps, future larger scale studies of this AML group will delineate its potential to represent a unique well-defined entity of AML. Disclosures Maciejewski: Alexion, BMS: Speakers Bureau; Novartis, Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria.
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Della-Fera, M. A., B. D. Coleman, and C. A. Baile. "CNS injection of CCK in rats: effects on real and sham feeding and gastric emptying." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 258, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): R1165—R1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.5.r1165.
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Cholecystokinin (CCK) released from the intestine during feeding may have a physiological role in satiety. There is also evidence that activation of central CCK-containing pathways is involved in the control of feeding behavior. This study was carried out to determine whether CCK-8 administered into the lateral cerebral ventricles (lv) of rats suppresses both sham feeding (SF) and real feeding (RF). Rats with lv guides and gastric cannulas ate a liquid diet with cannulas open (SF) or closed (RF) after lv (0, 0.05, 0.5 micrograms) or intraperitoneal (ip) (0, 4 micrograms/kg) injection of CCK-8. Both RF and SF were significantly decreased by ip CCK-8. RF was also decreased in a dose-related manner after lv CCK-8, but SF was not affected by lv CCK-8. Decreased feeding after ip CCK-8 may be due in part to its suppression of gastric emptying rate (GER). To determine whether central nervous system (CNS) CCK might also be involved in the control of gastric function, GER was measured after lv (0, 0.05, 0.5 micrograms) or ip (0, 4 micrograms/kg) injection of CCK-8. GER was significantly decreased after ip CCK-8, but lv CCK-8 had no effect on GER. Although both CNS and peripheral CCK peptide systems may be involved in satiety, CNS CCK appears to depend on concurrent peripheral nutrient-related stimuli in eliciting satiety.
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Gao, Xiaozhen, Shida Gong, Nan Li, and R. Bruce King. "Sulfur difluoride and sulfur monofluoride as ligands in iron carbonyl chemistry." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 6 (2015): 4939–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj00460h.
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Ji, Jia-Fu, Wan-Zhen Jiao, Yan Cheng, Hua Yan, Fan Su, and Li-Li Chi. "ShenFu Preparation Protects AML12 Cells Against Palmitic Acid-Induced Injury Through Inhibition of Both JNK/Nox4 and JNK/NFκB Pathways." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 45, no. 4 (2018): 1617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487728.
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Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis includes steatosis along with liver inflammation, hepatocyte injury and fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the protective role and the potential mechanisms of a traditional Chinese medicine ShenFu (SF) preparation in an in vitro hepatic steatosis model. Methods: In palmitic acid (PA)-induced murine hepatic AML12 cell injury, effects of SF preparation on cellular apoptosis and intracellular triglyceride (iTG) level were assessed using TUNEL and TG Colorimetric Assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were measured using DCF and JC-1 assay. Cytokine levels were evaluated using ELISA assay. Immunoblot was used to compare the activation level of c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), NADPH oxidase (Nox4), and NFκB pathways. Results: Addition of SF preparation prevented PA-mediated increase of apoptosis and iTG as well as IL-8 and IL-6. In PA-treated cell, SF preparation reduced the level of Nox4 and ROS, while increasing the level of MMP and the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, indicating emendation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Nox4 inhibitor GKT137381 prevented PA-induced increase of ROS and apoptosis, while decreasing iTG slightly and not influencing the level of IL-8 and IL-6. SF preparation prevented PA-induced upregulation of phospho-JNK. JNK inhibitor SP600125 prevented PA-mediated increase of Nox4, IL-8, IL-6 and iTG. Nuclear translocation of NFκB/p65 was detected in PA-treated cells, which was prevented by SF preparation. An IκB degradation inhibitor, BAY11-7082, prevented PA-induced increase of IL-8 and IL-6 as well as iTG, whereas it only decreased ROS levels slightly and showed no influence on cellular apoptosis. Conclusion: SF preparation shows a beneficial role in prevention of hepatocyte injury by attenuating oxidative stress and cytokines production at least partially through inhibition of JNK/Nox4 and JNK/NFκB pathway, respectively.
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Yang, Wen, Nai Qian Feng, Tew Kia Hui, Li Li Jia, and Bao Jun Cheng. "Study on the Dense-Packing Effect and Properties of Multi-Component Cementitious Material." Advanced Materials Research 856 (December 2013): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.29.
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The paper studied the effects of single addition of ultrafine fly ash (UFA) and mixed addition of silica fumeultrafine fly ash (SF-UFA) on powder pressure entity dense packing density, mechanical performance and microstructure structure of composite cement paste. The results show that, the ternary system of mixed addition of SF-UFA can effectively further reduced the compacting voidage and more increased packing density of composite powder, compared with the binary system of single addition of UFA. And when the content of SF is 8%, the compacting voidage is the lowest. Next, in the ternary system of mixed with silica fume, ultrafine fly ash and cement (SF-UFA-C), with the increase of silica fume (SF), the total porosity and pore diameter of hardened cementing paste decreased further compared with binary system, and with 8% content of SF and 17% content of UFA, the total porosity of hardened cement paste is the lowest, decreased by 60% than that of reference sample. At last, mixed addition of SF-UFA can improve the long-term strength of composite cement paste either, the compressive strength of 60 days hydration increased by nearly 9% compared with UFA-C and increased 41% compared with the reference sample.
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Stichtenoth, Guido, Marie Haegerstrand-Björkman, Gabi Walter, Bim Linderholm, Egbert Herting, and Tore Curstedt. "Comparison of Polymyxin E and Polymyxin B as an Additive to Pulmonary Surfactant in Escherichia coli Pneumonia of Ventilated Neonatal Rabbits." Biomedicine Hub 2, no. 2 (June 24, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475877.
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Background: Ascending maternofetal bacterial infections often result in premature birth and neonatal respiratory distress. These neonates are treated with exogenous pulmonary surfactant (SF) and systemic antibiotics. Polymyxins are antimicrobiotic peptides that may bind to SF phospholipids. Objectives: Does topical administration of SF/polymyxin reduce bacterial growth in neonatal rabbit pneumonia and improve pulmonary function? Methods: Neonatal rabbits were tracheotomized and treated intratracheally with mixtures of porcine SF, SF/polymyxin E (PxE), or polymyxin B (PxB). Control animals received saline. Animals were then inoculated with Escherichia coli and ventilated for 4 h. During the experiment, peak insufflation pressures, dynamic lung compliance, and ECG were recorded. Pulmonary and renal bacterial load were determined. Lung histology was performed. Lung and kidney IL-8 were measured in subgroups. Results: Eighty-five animals were included in 2 experimental series, of which 78% survived 4 h of ventilation. E. coli inoculation caused severe neonatal pneumonia with median IL-8 levels of 2.2 ng/g in the lungs compared to a median of 0.2 ng/g in the lungs of the saline controls (p < 0.01). Lung compliance after 4 h was significantly increased at a mean of 0.48 ml/(kg·cm H2O) in the SF group and 0.43 in the SF + PxE group compared to 0.35 in the E. coli group (p < 0.01). In direct comparison, bacterial growth found in the E. coli group was reduced 20-fold in the SF + PxB group compared to 75-fold in the SF + PxE group. Conclusion: Addition of polymyxin to SF effectively promotes antimicrobial treatment and improves lung function in neonatal pneumonia of rabbits.
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Guo, W. S., R. Zhang, S. Vigneswaran, H. H. Ngo, and J. Kandasamy. "Membranes coupled with physico chemical treatment in water reuse." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.843.
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In this study, short-term experiments were conducted with different configurations of membrane hybrid systems to treat biological treated sewage effluent containing refractory organic pollutants: (i) submerged hollow fiber microfiltration (SMF) alone; (ii) spiral flocculator (SF)-SMF without settling; (iii) SF-PAC-SMF without settling and (iv) SMF with magnetic ion exchange resin MIEX® pretreatment. The results indicated that the pre-flocculation of SF could improve the mitigation of membrane fouling significantly even when the system was operated at a high membrane filtration rate. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) of SF-PAC-SMF only increased marginally (0.8 kPa over 8 hours). SF-SMF without the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) also took a relatively long duration for the TMP to increase. The TMP only increased by 2.5 kPa over 8 hours. The SF-PAC-MF system resulted in a high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal of more than 96%. When used as pre-treatment to submerged membranes, the fluidized bed MIEX® contactor could remove a significant amount of organic matter in wastewater. This pre-treatment helped to reduce the membrane fouling and kept the TMP low during the membrane operation.
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Curry, Heather A., Arlene A. Forastiere, William A. Flood, Elaine Whyler, Lauren Michelle Hertan, Sonam Sharma, and Joshua Adam Jones. "Utilization of single-fraction radiotherapy for the treatment of bone metastases before and after the “Choosing Wisely” campaign." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2014): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.31_suppl.245.
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245 Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated equivalence of single vs. multi-fraction regimens for palliation of uncomplicated bone metastases, but single fraction (SF) radiotherapy (RT) remains under-utilized in the United States. To increase physician and patient awareness of RT options for bone metastases, both AAHPM and ASTRO participated in the “Choosing Wisely” campaign. AAHPM recommended 8 Gy X 1 for uncomplicated bone metastases. ASTRO recommended against routine use of courses > 10 fractions and supported strong consideration for the use of SF RT for patients with limited prognosis or transportation difficulties. To identify possible changes in prescribing patterns following “Choosing Wisely”, we evaluated utilization rates of SF (8 Gy x 1) for treatment of bone metastases via treatment requests submitted for preauthorization over a 3 year period. Methods: A proprietary web-based application (eviti Connect ) enables oncology providers to obtain real time automated precertification for patients insured by payers across the U.S. that utilize the platform. All preauthorization requests for RT of bone metastases were evaluated for the prescription of 8 Gy X 1. The overall rate of SF use was calculated as were quarterly rates within the study period. Results: From 6/1/11-6/30/14 7,524 requests were submitted; 658 were for bone metastases. Overall SF was used in 7.6 % of cases. Prior to Q4 of 2012 no prescriptions for 8 Gy X 1 were used. In 2013 SF was prescribed in 9.6% of cases (30/314): 2.8%, 7.3%, 7% and 20% for Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 respectively. During 2014 use of 8 Gy X 1 was 23.9% in Q1 and 19.5% in Q2. Protracted schedules > 10 treatments were prescribed in 31% of cases, but decreased over the study period (from 40% prior to Q4 2012, to 28% in 2013, and to 23% in the first half of 2014). Conclusions: Within this unique dataset of working aged insured patients, utilization of 8 Gy X 1 for treatment of bone metastases has increased. Increases were most pronounced in 2013. This coincides with the announcement and dissemination of the “Choosing Wisely” initiatives. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if increased provider uptake of SF RT as a componant of patient-centered quality care persists.
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Colombel, J. F., A. G. Bushmakin, J. C. Cappelleri, N. Kulisek, G. O. Santana, N. Lawendy, D. Ponce de Leon, and P. L. Lakatos. "P342 Diagnostic accuracy of rectal bleeding and stool frequency in predicting mucosal healing in patients with ulcerative colitis in the tofacitinib OCTAVE Phase 3 induction studies." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S328—S329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.471.
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Abstract Background Tofacitinib is an oral, small-molecule JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). In patients with UC, associations between endoscopic findings and patient-reported outcomes, such as stool frequency (SF) and rectal bleeding (RB), are not well described. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of Mayo SF and RB subscores to predict mucosal healing (MH) in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 (NCT01465763; NCT01458951). Methods This post hoc analysis used data from OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, two identical, randomised, placebo-controlled, 8-week, Phase 3 studies of tofacitinib for the treatment of patients with moderately to severely active UC.1 SF (Mayo subscore 0–3), RB (Mayo subscore 0–3) and endoscopic findings (Mayo endoscopic subscore [ES] 0–3) were assessed at baseline and at Week 8. MH and endoscopic normalisation were defined as an ES of 0 or 1, or an ES of 0, respectively. Based on two-by-two contingency tables, diagnostic test characteristics for SF and RB were evaluated: positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity and specificity. Kappa statistics (chance-corrected measure of agreement) and Pearson correlations (a measure of association) were also calculated. All available data at Week 8 were used. Results A total of 614 and 547 patients received treatment (tofacitinib 15 or 10 mg BID, or placebo) in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, respectively. Two-by-two contingency table analyses showed that dichotomised SF (0 vs. ≥1) and RB (0 vs. ≥1) were each or both not good predictors of MH (ES of 0 or 1 vs. ≥2) or endoscopic normalisation (ES 0 vs. ≥1), as ≥1 of the four diagnostic test characteristics was <50% (Table). In OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, weighted kappa statistics for SF (original metric 0–3) and RB (0–3) vs. ES (0–3) indicated moderate agreement for SF (0.46 and 0.42, respectively), slight agreement for RB (0.19 and 0.15, respectively) and fair agreement for SF and RB (0.40 and 0.34, respectively). Correlations were 0.54 and 0.49 for SF, 0.46 and 0.37 for RB and 0.57 and 0.51 for SF and RB (OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, respectively), suggesting a modest-to-moderate association. Conclusion In patients with UC treated with tofacitinib or placebo in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, SF and RB subscores had slight-to-moderate agreement with ES, but were not predictive of MH or endoscopic normalisation. The presence of blood at Week 8 strongly indicated that patients had endoscopic activity, but the absence of blood was associated with MH in <50% of patients. Further analysis is needed to fully understand the relationship between SF, RB and MH. Reference
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Campolina, Alessandro Gonçalves, Marcelo M. Pinheiro, Rozana Mesquita Ciconelli, and Marcos Bosi Ferraz. "Quality of life among the Brazilian adult population using the generic SF-8 questionnaire." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, no. 6 (June 2011): 1121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011000600009.
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The objective of this study was to assess the quality of life in the Brazilian adult population, based on the U.S. standard population. It involved a cross-sectional population-based study with probabilistic sampling of 2,420 individuals (725 men and 1695 women) aged 40 or more in different geographic regions of Brazil. A socio-demographic questionnaire and the SF-8 (Short Form-8) were administered in interview form. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney test and Tukey's test were used in the analysis. Females, populations in the northeastern region, the population of the regions of Brasília (Distrito Federal), Campo Grande (Mato Grosso do Sul State) and Goiania (Goiás State), Brazil, demonstrated worse quality of life. Age, education and income had influence over quality of life domains. This study presents quality of life estimates for the Brazilian adult population, based on the SF-8 questionnaire. The mean values on the subscales and components of the SF-8 appeared to be influenced by gender, geographic region, family income, age and schooling.
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Kent, David G., Brad J. Dykstra, Jay Cheyne, Elaine Ma, and Connie J. Eaves. "Steel factor coordinately regulates the molecular signature and biologic function of hematopoietic stem cells." Blood 112, no. 3 (August 1, 2008): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-10-117820.
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Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) regenerated in vivo display sustained differences in their self-renewal and differentiation activities. Variations in Steel factor (SF) signaling are known to affect these functions in vitro, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved are not understood. To address these issues, we evaluated highly purified HSCs maintained in single-cell serum-free cultures containing 20 ng/mL IL-11 plus 1, 10, or 300 ng/mL SF. Under all conditions, more than 99% of the cells traversed a first cell cycle with similar kinetics. After 8 hours in the 10 or 300 ng/mL SF conditions, the frequency of HSCs remained unchanged. However, in the next 8 hours (ie, 6 hours before any cell divided), HSC integrity was sustained only in the 300 ng/mL SF cultures. The cells in these cultures also contained significantly higher levels of Bmi1, Lnk, and Ezh2 transcripts but not of several other regulators. Assessment of 21 first division progeny pairs further showed that only those generated in 300 ng/mL SF cultures contained HSCs and pairs of progeny with similar differentiation programs were not observed. Thus, SF signaling intensity can directly and coordinately alter the transcription factor profile and long-term repopulating ability of quiescent HSCs before their first division.
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Mishra, Ila, Keelee B. Pullum, Domnique C. Thayer, Erica R. Plummer, Benjamin W. Conkright, Andrew J. Morris, Bruce F. O’Hara, Gregory E. Demas, and Noah T. Ashley. "Chemical sympathectomy reduces peripheral inflammatory responses to acute and chronic sleep fragmentation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 318, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): R781—R789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00358.2019.
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Sleep loss contributes to the development of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological disorders by promoting a systemic proinflammatory phenotype. The neuroendocrine-immune mechanisms contributing to such pathologies are poorly understood. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulates immunity and is often activated following sleep disturbances. The aims of this study were to determine 1) the effect of SNS inhibition on inflammatory responses to sleep fragmentation (SF) and 2) whether homeostasis can be restored after 1 wk of recovery sleep. We measured stress responses (norepinephrine and corticosterone), gene expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral (heart, liver, and spleen) tissues, and protein levels of cytokines and chemokines in serum of female mice that were subjected to acute SF for 24 h, chronic SF for 8 wk, or 7 days of recovery after chronic SF. In each experiment, SF and control mice were chemically sympathectomized with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or injected with vehicle. Both acute and chronic SF elevated mRNA and protein levels of cytokines in peripheral tissues. Changes in inflammatory responses mirrored stress-axes activation, with increased corticosterone and norepinephrine in SF mice. 6-OHDA treatment significantly alleviated SF-induced inflammation, thus providing evidence of SNS regulation of peripheral inflammation from SF. Effects of chronic SF were more severe than acute SF, and 1 wk of recovery from SF sufficiently alleviated peripheral inflammatory responses but not NE responses.
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Kent, David G., Brad Dykstra, and Connie J. Eaves. "Rapid and Irreversible Alteration of the Ability of Hematopoietic Stem Cells To Execute Both Symmetric and Asymmetric Self-Renewal Divisions by Exposure to Reduced Steel Factor Concentrations with No Effect on Their Survival or Mitogenesis." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.684.684.
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Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are present in the marrow of adult mice at a frequency of 1/104, as measured by limiting dilution transplantation assays for individual cells that produce lymphoid (B and T) as well as myeloid (GM) cells for at least 4 months in irradiated recipients. HSCs thus defined can be reproducibly isolated in the CD45midlin−Rho−SP fraction of adult mouse bone marrow at a purity of >30%. In mice, mutations in c-kit, the receptor for Steel factor (SF) lead to substantial reductions in the adult HSC population. In vitro, SF has been identified as a potent regulator of HSC self-renewal divisions. High concentrations of SF in combination with IL-11 allow adult HSCs to divide with a net 2–4 fold expansion in HSC numbers after 10 days and low concentrations of SF result in loss of HSC activity. To investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying these different outcomes, we cultured 114 CD45midlin−Rho−SP adult mouse bone marrow cells in single cell cultures containing serum-free medium + 20 ng/ml IL-11 and either 300 or 10 ng/ml of SF. Each culture was then examined every 4–6 hr. The kinetics of division of these cells under both conditions was identical with completion of the 1st division occurring between 22–68 hr. During that time none of the input cells died (<1%). After 10 days of culture, during which time all input cells divided at least 5 times (>50 cells), the HSC content of pooled clones (as measured by in vivo transplantation assays) was found to be >10-fold higher in the clones generated under high vs. low SF conditions (p<0.05). To characterize the types of self-renewal divisions undertaken, 9 doublets generated under the high SF condition were harvested between 4 and 8 hr after they underwent their 1st division and then each of the daughters was injected into a separate irradiated mouse. Analysis of the 18 mice showed that for one of the input cells both daughters were HSCs (evidence of a symmetric self-renewal division) and for 3 more, only one of the 2 daughters was an HSC (evidence of an asymmetric self-renewal division). In contrast no daughter HSCs were identified when 6 doublets produced under the low SF condition were assayed. To determine whether the loss of HSC activity under low SF conditions was a pre- or post-mitotic event, additional in vivo HSC assays were performed on cells harvested from individual wells after 8, 16 and 96 hours of incubation. The results revealed no change in the proportion of wells with either low or high concentrations of SF that contained HSCs after 8 hr of incubation (10/36 positive mice injected with starting single cells and 5/17 (low SF) vs. 6/17 (high SF) positive mice injected with 8-hr single cells, respectively). However, a significant difference (p<0.01) was seen after 96 hr (5/35 vs. 2/43 positive mice, respectively) and, after only 16 hr, before a first mitosis was seen under either condition, a decline in HSCs was apparent under the low SF condition (4/15 vs. 1/15 positive mice injected with cells from the high vs. low SF condition). Together, these studies indicate that HSC exposure to different SF concentrations can rapidly and irreversibly alter the ability of HSCs to execute symmetric as well asymmetric self-renewal divisions in vitro.
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SHIMOTOHNO, KUMIKO W., HARUO SETO, NOBORU OTAKE, SATOSHI IMAI, and TAKESHI MURAKAMI. "Studies on the biosynthesis of bialaphos (SF-1293). 8. Purification and characterization of 2-phosphinomethylmalic acid synthase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus SF-1293." Journal of Antibiotics 41, no. 8 (1988): 1057–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.41.1057.
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Komatsu, Shuichiro, Masahiko Okamoto, Shintaro Shiba, Takuya Kaminuma, Shohei Okazaki, Hiroki Kiyohara, Takashi Yanagawa, Takashi Nakano, and Tatsuya Ohno. "Prospective Evaluation of Quality of Life and Functional Outcomes after Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Inoperable Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas." Cancers 13, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 2591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112591.
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Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) represents a definitive treatment for inoperable bone and soft tissue sarcoma (BSTS). This prospective study analyzed 61 patients with inoperable BSTS who were treated with CIRT to evaluate QOL, functional outcomes, and predictive factors in patients with inoperable BSTS treated with definitive CIRT. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system and the Short Form (SF)-8 questionnaire were completed before and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after CIRT. The median follow-up period was 38 months. The main site of primary disease was the pelvis (70.5%), and the most common pathologic diagnosis was chordoma (45.9%). The 3-year overall survival and local control rates were 87.8% and 83.8%, respectively. The MSTS score and physical component score (PCS) of SF-8 did not change significantly between the baseline and subsequent values. The mental component score of SF-8 significantly improved after CIRT. Multivariate analysis showed that the normalized MSTS and normalized PCS of SF-8 at the final follow-up were significantly affected by performance status at diagnosis and sex. CIRT showed clinical efficacy, preserving the physical component of QOL and functional outcomes and improving the mental component of QOL, suggesting its potential value for the treatment of patients with inoperable BSTS.
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Kobune, Masayoshi, Shohei Kikuchi, Satoshi Iyama, Kohichi Takada, Kazuyuki Murase, Kaoru Ono, Hiroto Horiguchi, et al. "Iron Chelation Therapy Could Rapidly Reduce Oxidative DNA Damage In CD34+ Hematopoietic Cells Before Decrease Of Serum Ferritin Level." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.959.959.
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Abstract Introduction Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is characterized by dysplastic and ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood cytopenias and a risk of leukemic transformation. Most MDS patients eventually require red blood cell (RBC) transfusions for anemia and consequently develop iron overload. Excess free iron in cells catalyzes generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) especially hydroxyl radical that cause oxidative DNA damage including formation of mutagenic 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and DNA double strand breaks. However, it is unclear whether iron-mediated oxidative stress affects the pathophysiology of MDS. Methods This study included MDS patients who visited our university hospital and affiliated hospitals (n=43). Among them, 13 patients received iron chelation therapy when their serum ferritin (SF) level was greater than 1000 ng/mL or they required more than 20 RBC transfusions (or 100 mL/kg of RBC). We analyzed hemoglobin, SF level and chromosomal abnormality and 8-OHdG levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from MDS patients before and after iron chelator, deferasirox administration. Results We showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hematopoietic cells was higher in MDS patients with high SF level. Furthermore, the 8-OHdG levels in MDS patients were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers and the 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated with SF (p=0.003, r=0.495) and chromosomal abnormalities (p=0.019). Importantly, the 8-OHdG levels in PBMC and CD34+ cells of MDS patients dramatically decreased 3 month after deferasirox administration (the 8-OHdG levels in PBMC, 3.374±78, p<0.05) although SF level were not reduced within 3 month (Figure). However, SF level decreased to 500-600 ng/mL after 36 months of iron chelation therapy, 8-OHdG is a sensitive marker of cellular iron chelation therapy by deferasirox which readily passes through the plasma membrane. When patients were divided into the no Iron chelation group (n=10) and high Iron chelation group (n=13), the survival time was significantly longer in the latter group than the former group (P=0.046) although International prognostic scoring system (IPSS) was not significantly difference between both groups. Further, 50% of patients without iron chelation group developed into leukemia, while no patients did progress into leukemia during 36 month. Conclusion These results indicated that cellular excess iron could contribute to the pathophysiology of MDS and iron chelation therapy could improve the oxidative DNA damage in MDS patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Yoon, Jung-Hoon, In-Gi Kim, Peter Schumann, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Yong-Ha Park. "Marinibacillus campisalis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea, with emended description of the genus Marinibacillus." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 4 (July 1, 2004): 1317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02779-0.
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A Gram-positive, motile, round to ellipsoidal, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, SF-57T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea. This organism grew between 4 and 39 °C, with optimum growth at 30 °C. Strain SF-57T grew in the presence of 0·5–15·0 % NaCl, with optimum growth at 2–3 % NaCl. The peptidoglycan type of strain SF-57T was A1α linked directly through l-Lys. In strain SF-57T, menaquinone-7 (MK-7) was the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 was the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 41·8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SF-57T formed a coherent cluster with Marinibacillus marinus, with a bootstrap resampling value of 100 %. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain SF-57T and M. marinus DSM 1297T was 98·9 %. The mean DNA–DNA relatedness level between strain SF-57T and the type strain of M. marinus was 20·6 %. Based on phenotypic properties, phylogenetic analyses and genomic data, strain SF-57T merits placement in the genus Marinibacillus as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Marinibacillus campisalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SF-57T (=KCCM 41644T=JCM 11810T).
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Carotti, Laura, Giulia Potente, Giuseppina Pennisi, Karina B. Ruiz, Stefania Biondi, Andrea Crepaldi, Francesco Orsini, Giorgio Gianquinto, and Fabiana Antognoni. "Pulsed LED Light: Exploring the Balance between Energy Use and Nutraceutical Properties in Indoor-Grown Lettuce." Agronomy 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061106.
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In indoor vertical farms, energy consumption represents a bottleneck for both a system’s affordability and environmental footprint. Although switching frequency (sf) represents a crucial factor in determining the efficacy of light emitting diodes (LED) lighting systems in converting electricity into light, the impact of sf is still underexplored. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of LEDs sf on the productive and qualitative responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), also considering the resource use efficiency. Plants were grown for 14 days under red and blue LEDs (215 μmol m−2 s−1 and 16/8 h light/dark, with a red:blue ratio of 3) characterized by two different sf for the blue diode, namely high sf (850 kHz) and low sf (293 kHz). A fluorescent light (same light intensity and photoperiod) was included. LED sf did not alter plant morphological parameters, including fresh or dry biomass, leaf number, leaf area, or water use efficiency. A low sf increased the energy use efficiency (EUE) by 40% as compared to high sf. The latter enhanced the leaf antioxidant capacity, as a consequence of increased concentrations of caftaric and chicoric acids, isoquercetin, and luteolin, consistent with the upregulation of a few genes related to the biosynthetic pathway of phenolic compounds (4C3H and DFR). The study highlights that different sf may significantly affect the EUE as well as crop nutritional properties.
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Zhang, Zhenxiao, Hui Li, Mingyang Liu, Jianshuai He, Xiaotian Zhang, and Yuehua Chen. "Skullcapflavone I protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-caused injury through up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 33 (January 2019): 205873841985753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058738419857537.
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Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious heart disease in which cardiomyocytes are damaged, caused by hypoxia. This study explored the possible protective activity of Skullcapflavone I (SF I), a flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, on hypoxia-stimulated cardiomyocytes cell injury in vitro. Viability and apoptosis of H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes were tested using cell counting kit–8 (CCK-8) assay and Guava Nexin Reagent, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the long non-coding RNA regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-ROR) expression. si-ROR was transfected to knockdown lincRNA-ROR. Western blotting was conducted to assess the protein levels of key molecules related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) pathway. We discovered that hypoxia stimulation obviously reduced H9c2 cell and primary cardiomyocytes’ viability and proliferation, but promoted cell apoptosis. SF I treatment mitigated the cell viability and proliferation inhibition, as well as cell apoptosis caused by hypoxia. Moreover, SF I promoted the hypoxia-caused up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR in H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of lincRNA-ROR reversed the influence of SF I on hypoxia-stimulated H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Besides, SF I activated MEK/ERK pathway in H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes via up-regulating lincRNA-ROR. To sum up, our research verified the beneficial activity of SF I on hypoxia-caused cardiomyocytes injury. SF I protected cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-caused injury through up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR and activation of MEK/ERK pathway.
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Gao, Longxin, Yong Lai, Mohammad Rashadul Islam Pramanic, and Wuman Zhang. "Deterioration of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete in Sponge Cities Subjected to Acid Rain." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102670.
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The deterioration of Portland cement pervious concrete (PCPC) subjected to wet-dry cycles in the simulated acid rain solution was investigated; 4% silica fume (SF) and 8% fine aggregate (FAG) were used to replace part of cement and the coarse aggregates (weight by weight), respectively. The wear resistance, the compressive, and flexural strength of PCPC were measured. The results show that after 12 wet-dry cycles in acid rain solution the compressive strength and the flexural strength of control PCPC are decreased by 30.7% and 40.8%. The final compressive strength of PCPC with 4% SF and PCPC with 8% FAG is increased by 6.9% and 30.3%, and the final flexural strength is increased by 25.4% and 72.3%, respectively. The wear loss of PCPC is decreased by 58.8% and 81.9% when 4% SF and 8% FAG is added to PCPC, respectively. The microstructures of PCPC with wet-dry cycles are also discussed.
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Prohodnaya, Viktoriya Aleksandrovna, S. O. Surmeneva, E. H. Chibichyan, and A. Yu Kosykh. "CITOKINE PROFILE OF SALIVARY AND GINGIVAL FLUID IN PREGNANT WOMEN." Russian Journal of Dentistry 21, no. 4 (August 15, 2017): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1728-2802-2017-21-4-194-197.
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Objective: to determine the peculiarities of the cytokine state of the oral salivary (SF) and gingival fluid (GF) in pregnant women with a physiological course of pregnancy in the dynamics of the gestational period. Materials and methods. In 31 healthy pregnant women without dental pathology and in 32 healthy volunteers, the content of interleukins (IL) IL-4 and IL-8 in the SF and GF enzyme immunoassay was studied. Results. The changes in IL-4 and IL-8 in the dynamics of pregnancy in the SF and GF in the clinical group for the directivity were similar: from 1 to 3 trimester, the content of cytokines increased. In healthy donors there were no differences in IL-4 in two biological media. In the clinical group, in all three trimesters, the concentrations of IL-4 in the GF were significantly higher in comparison with SF. The concentration of IL-8 in GF was higher (10-14 times) than in the case of healthy donors, as well as in patients in the clinical group. Conclusion: The content of IL-4 and IL-8 cytokines in the biological fluids of the oral cavity increases in the dynamics of pregnancy, which increases the protective potential of the biological environment of the oral cavity. Keywords: pregnancy, oral salivary fluid, gingival fluid, cytokines.
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Baker, Russell T., Damon Burton, Michael A. Pickering, and Amanda Start. "Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale and Preliminary Testing of Short-Form Versions: A Calibration and Validation Study." Journal of Athletic Training 54, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 302–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-355-17.
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Context The Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) scale is a patient-reported outcome instrument recommended for use in clinical practice and research. Analysis of the scale has indicated a need for further psychometric testing. Objective To assess the model fit of the original DPA scale using a larger and more diverse sample and explore the potential for a short-form (SF) version. Design Observational study. Setting Twenty-four clinical settings. Patients or Other Participants Responses were randomly split into 2 samples: sample 1 (n = 690: 353 males, 330 females, and 7 not reported; mean age = 23.1 ± 9.3 years, age range = 11–75 years) and sample 2 (n = 690: 351 males, 337 females, and 2 not reported; mean age = 22.9 ± 9.3 years, age range = 8–74 years). Participants were physically active individuals who were healthy or experiencing acute, subacute, or persistent musculoskeletal injury. Main Outcome Measure(s) Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the factor structure of the original DPA scale. Exploratory factor, internal consistency, covariance modeling, correlational, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to assess potential DPA scale SFs. Results The subdimensions of the disablement construct were highly correlated (≥0.89). The fit indices for the DPA scale approached recommended levels, but the first-order correlational values and second-order path coefficients provided evidence for multicollinearity, suggesting that clear distinctions between the disablement subdimensions cannot be made. An 8-item, 2-dimensional solution and a 10-item, 3-dimensional solution were extracted to produce SF versions. The DPA SF-8 was highly correlated (r = 0.94, P ≤ .001, R2 = 0.88) with the DPA scale, and the fit indices exceeded all of the strictest recommendations. The DPA SF-10 was highly correlated (r = 0.97, P ≤ .001, R2 = 0.94) with the DPA scale, and its fit indices values also exceeded the strictest recommendations. Conclusions The DPA SF-8 and SF-10 are psychometrically sound alternatives to the DPA scale.
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Malek, Sarah, Hsin-Yi Weng, Shannon A. Martinson, Mark C. Rochat, Romain Béraud, and Christopher B. Riley. "Evaluation of serum MMP-2 and MMP-3, synovial fluid IL-8, MCP-1, and KC concentrations as biomarkers of stifle osteoarthritis associated with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): e0242614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242614.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and MMP-3 in serum, and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant 1 (MCP-1) in synovial fluid (SF) as stifle osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers in dogs. Dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture (OA group) and healthy controls were recruited. Stifles with CrCL deficiency were surgically stabilized. Serum, SF, and synovial biopsy samples were collected from the OA group preoperatively, whereas samples were collected once from control dogs. A blinded veterinary pathologist graded synovial biopsies. Serum and SF analyses were performed using xMAP technology. General linear regression was used for statistical comparisons of serum biomarkers, and mixed linear regression for SF biomarkers and temporal concentration changes. The overall discriminative ability was quantified using area under curve (AUC). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations between synovial histology grades and the biomarkers. Samples from 62 dogs in the OA group and 50 controls were included. The MMP-2 and MMP-3 concentrations between the OA and control groups were not significantly different, and both with an AUC indicating a poor discriminative ability. All three SF biomarker concentrations were significantly different between the OA group and controls (P <0.05). The MCP-1 was the only biomarker showing an acceptable discriminative performance with an AUC of 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.98). The sum of the inflammatory infiltrate score was significantly correlated with all three SF biomarkers (P <0.01). Summed synovial stroma, and all scores combined were significantly correlated with IL-8 and MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.003), and the summed synoviocyte scores were significantly correlated with MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.001). Correlations between MCP-1 concentrations and synovial histopathologic grading and its discriminative ability suggest its potential as a synovitis biomarker in canine stifle OA associated with CrCL rupture.
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Tabacco, Gaia, Yu-Kwang Donovan Tay, Natalie E. Cusano, John Williams, Beatriz Omeragic, Rukhana Majeed, Maximo Gomez Almonte, Mishaela R. Rubin, and John P. Bilezikian. "Quality of Life in Hypoparathyroidism Improves With rhPTH(1-84) Throughout 8 Years of Therapy." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, no. 7 (February 18, 2019): 2748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02430.
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Abstract Context Calcium and vitamin D treatment does not improve reduced quality of life (QOL) in hypoparathyroidism. Recombinant human (rh) PTH(1-84) therapy improves QOL metrics for up to 5 years. Data on QOL beyond this time point are not available. Objectives To evaluate the effects of 8 years of rhPTH(1-84) therapy on QOL and factors associated with long-term benefit. Design Prospective, open-label trial. Setting Referral center. Patients Twenty patients with hypoparathyoidism. Main Outcome Measures RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results rhPTH therapy led to substantial improvement in five of the eight SF-36 domains [vitality, social functioning (SF), mental health (MH), bodily pain (BP) and general health] and three of these domains (SF, MH, BP) were no longer lower than the reference population. The improvement in the mental component summary (MCS) score was sustained through 8 years, while the physical component summary (PCS) score improved through 6 years. A lower baseline QOL score was associated with greater improvement. A threshold value <238 (MCS) and <245 (PCS) predicted long-term improvement in 90% and 100% of the cohort, respectively. In patients whose calcium supplementation was reduced, MCS and PCS scores improved more than those whose supplementation did not decline to the same extent. Improvement in PCS was greater in patients whose calcitriol dosage was reduced and duration of disease was shorter. Conclusions rhPTH(1-84) improves long-term well-being in hypoparathyroidism. The improvements are most prominent in those with impaired SF-36 at baseline and those whose requirements for conventional therapy decreased substantially.
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Pandey, Aditi, Tzu-Sen Yang, Shu-Lien Cheng, Ching-Shuan Huang, Agnese Brangule, Aivaras Kareiva, and Jen-Chang Yang. "A Novel One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Silk Fibroin/α-Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate for Bone Regeneration." Polymers 13, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121996.
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This study aims to fabricate silk fibroin/calcium sulfate (SF/CS) composites by one-pot synthesis for bone regeneration applications. The SF was harvested from degummed silkworm cocoons, dissolved in a solvent system comprising of calcium chloride:ethanol:water (1:2:8), and then mixed with a stoichiometric amount of sodium sulfate to prepare various SF/CS composites. The crystal pattern, glass transition temperature, and chemical composition of SF/CS samples were analyzed by XRD, DSC, and FTIR, respectively. These characterizations revealed the successful synthesis of pure calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) and calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) when it was combined with SF. The thermal analysis through DSC indicated molecular-level interaction between the SF and CS. The FTIR deconvolution spectra demonstrated an increment in the β-sheet content by increasing CS content in the composites. The investigation into the morphology of the composites using SEM revealed the formation of plate-like dihydrate in the pure CS sample, while rod-like structures of α-CSH surrounded by SF in the composites were observed. The compressive strength of the hydrated 10 and 20% SF-incorporated CSH composites portrayed more than a twofold enhancement (statistically significant) in comparison to that of the pure CS samples. Reduced compressive strength was observed upon further increasing the SF content, possibly due to SF agglomeration that restricted its uniform distribution. Therefore, the one-pot synthesized SF/CS composites demonstrated suitable chemical, thermal, and morphological properties. However, additional biological analysis of its potential use as bone substitutes is required.
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Robinson, Claire S., Ellen R. Singer, Martina Piviani, and Luis M. Rubio-Martinez. "Are serum amyloid A or D-lactate useful to diagnose synovial contamination or sepsis in horses?" Veterinary Record 181, no. 16 (August 1, 2017): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104386.
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Synovial sepsis in horses is life threatening and accurate diagnosis allowing prompt treatment is warranted. This study assessed the diagnostic value of serum amyloid A (SAA) and D-lactate in blood and synovial fluid (SF) as diagnostic markers of synovial sepsis in horses and correlated them with total nucleated cell count (TNCC), percentage of neutrophils (%N) and total protein (TP) in SF. Blood and SF SAA and D-lactate concentrations were determined in a case–control observational study including 112 horses (38 with synovial contamination or sepsis (SCS), 66 with non-septic intra-synovial pathology (NSISP) and 8 controls). Blood and SF SAA were significantly higher in SCS than in NSISP and control horses. SAA values were similar in NSISP and control horses. SF SAA was moderately correlated with synovial TNCC, TP and blood SAA. Blood and SF SAA were 82.4 per cent and 80 per cent sensitive and 88.9 per cent and 73 per cent specific for diagnosis of SCS, with cut-off values of 60.7 and 1.14 µg/ml, respectively. Blood and SF D-lactate concentrations were not significantly different between groups. This study shows that blood and SF SAA concentrations can aid to distinguish SCS from non-septic synovial pathology; however, D-lactate was not useful.
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Majdic, Gregor, Morag Young, Elise Gomez-Sanchez, Paul Anderson, Lidia S. Szczepaniak, Robert L. Dobbins, J. Denis McGarry, and Keith L. Parker. "Knockout Mice Lacking Steroidogenic Factor 1 Are a Novel Genetic Model of Hypothalamic Obesity." Endocrinology 143, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.143.2.8652.
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Abstract Knockout (KO) mice lacking steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) exhibit a phenotype that includes adrenal and gonadal agenesis, impaired gonadotropin expression, and abnormalities of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH). Studies in rodents with lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus have implicated the VMH in body weight regulation, suggesting that SF-1 KO mice may provide a genetic model of obesity. To prevent death, SF-1 KO mice were rescued with corticosteroid injections, followed by syngeneic adrenal transplants from wild-type (WT) littermates. Corticosterone and ACTH levels in WT and SF-1 KO mice were indistinguishable, documenting restoration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function. Although weights at earlier ages did not differ significantly from WT littermates, SF-1 KO mice were significantly heavier by 8 wk of age and eventually weighed almost twice as much as WT controls. Obesity in SF-1 KO mice predominantly resulted from decreased activity rather than increased food intake. Leptin was increased markedly, insulin was modestly elevated, and glucose was indistinguishable from WT mice. Although sex steroids in rodents affect weight, ovariectomy did not abolish the weight difference between WT and SF-1 KO mice. These SF-1 KO mice are a genetic model of late-onset obesity that may help elucidate the role of the VMH in weight regulation.
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Patricia, L., and C. Morellato. "Nutrient cycling in two south-east Brazilian forests. I Litterfall and litter standing crop." Journal of Tropical Ecology 8, no. 2 (May 1992): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400006362.
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ABSTRACTLitterfall (leaves, woody < 5 cm diameter, flowers and fruits) was estimated monthly using 20 litter traps, each 1 m2, and litter standing crops were collected every three months using 20 samples of 0 5 m2, for Altitudinal forest (AF) and Semideciduous forest (SF) in south-east Brazil (Serra do Japi, Jundiaí, Sāo Paulo State) from March 1985 to March 1986 The total litterfall was 7 t ha−1 for AF: 4 9 leaves, 1 8 woody, 0 13 flower, 0 16 fruits; and the total for SF was 8 6 t ha−1 y−1: 5 5 leaves, 2 1 woody, 0 5 flower, 0 4 fruits Litter standing crop was 5 5 t ha−1 y−1 for the two forest sites studied with a turnover coefficient (K1) of 1 3 for AF and 1 6 for SF Litterfall occurred throughout the year but was greater during the dry season (August–September); seasonality of litter and leaf fall was greater in SF than in AF but in both followed the litterfall patterns of other southeast Brazilian forests
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Im, Dana D., Guruprasad D. Jambaulikar, Anna Kikut, Jasmine Gale, and Scott G. Weiner. "Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form: A New Method for Assessing Pain in the Emergency Department." Pain Medicine 21, no. 12 (September 11, 2020): 3263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa269.
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Abstract Objective The numeric rating scale (NRS), which does not capture the multidimensional experience of pain, is commonly used to measure pain in the emergency department (ED). In this study, we assess the utility and feasibility of the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form (BPI-SF) in the ED. Methods This was a cross-sectional, prospective, convenience sample study of adult patients presenting to the ED with chest, abdominal, or musculoskeletal pain. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we investigated the construct validity of the BPI-SF. We determined the association between NRS and BPI-SF scores. We assessed the feasibility and utility of administering the BPI-SF in the ED setting by evaluating 1) the time required to complete the BPI-SF and 2) how patients perceive the BPI-SF compared with the NRS. Results One hundred participants were included for analysis. The median NRS pain level on ED arrival (interquartile range [IQR]) was 7 (5–8). The median BPI-SF score (IQR) was 57 (43–73) on a 0–110 scale. Fit indices for the two-factor structure were statistically superior when compared with the one-factor model of the BPI-SF (comparative fit index 0.90 vs 0.64). Higher pain severity score, pain interference score, and total BPI-SF score were associated with higher NRS scores (P < 0.01). The mean time needed to complete the BPI-SF (SD) was 3 minutes 47 seconds (1 minute 35 seconds). Seventy-three percent of the patients preferred the BPI-SF to the NRS for pain assessment in the ED. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the validity, feasibility, and utility of the BPI-SF in the ED setting.
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Toleikis, Adolfas, Daiva Majiene, Sonata Trumbeckaite, Arvydas Dagys, and Antanas Jasaitis. "The effect of collagenase and temperature on mitochondrial respiratory parameters in saponin-skinned cardiac fibers." Bioscience Reports 16, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01198465.
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The results of a comparative study of the respiration rates of mitochondria in saponin-skinned rat cardiac fibers (SF) and in fibers treated with saponin and collagenase (SCF) suggest that only about half of the whole population of mitochondria manifest their activity in SF, in contrast to SCF, in response to extracellular substrates of oxidative phosphorylation. The apparent Km value for ADP with succinate as substrate, which was as high as 330±32 μM in SF in SF at 20 °C, decreased about 2-fold in SCF at the same temperature and in SF at 37 °C, and decreased further to 67±8 μM in SCF at 37 °C. Thus, weakening or breaking of cellular contacts by collagenase and the temperature-dependence of diffusion of substrates such as ADP, seem to be important factors that determine the respiratory activity and regulatory parameters of mitochondria in saponin-permeabilized cardiomyocytes.
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Basinger, Karen S., John C. Gibbs, and Dick Fuller. "Context and the Measurement of Moral Judgement." International Journal of Behavioral Development 18, no. 3 (September 1995): 537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549501800309.
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This study explored the role of context in moral judgement measurement by addressing a recent contention that moral dilemmas are not essential for the successful assessment of moral judgement. We evaluated a new instrument, the Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form (SRM-SF), that uses contextually open-ended stimuli instead of moral dilemmas. SRM-SF data were collected from 509 male and female subjects, 8 to 81 years of age, including 94 delinquent males. The SRM-SF evidenced acceptable levels of reliability (inter-rater, test-retest, internal consistency) and validity (criterion-related and construct-related). For example, the SRM-SF demonstrated acceptable concurrent validity with the Moral Judgement Interview and discriminated delinquents as developmentally delayed in moral judgement. The SRM-SF was found to be procedurally efficient in terms of group administrability, completion time, self-training for scoring, and scoring. The factor structure of moral judgement as elicited by the SRM-SF was found to be unidimensional. Also, females were found to be more advanced in moral judgement than males in early adolescence, but the difference disappeared in late adolescence and adulthood.
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Tong, J., S. J. Déry, and P. L. Jackson. "Topographic control of snow distribution in an alpine watershed of western Canada inferred from spatially-filtered MODIS snow products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 4 (August 26, 2008): 2347–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-2347-2008.
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Abstract. A spatial filter (SF) is used to reduce cloud coverage in MODIS 8-day maximum snow cover extent products (MOD10A2) from 2000–2007 to assess the topographic control on snow cover fraction (SCF) and snow cover duration (SCD) in the Quesnel River Basin (QRB) of British Columbia, Canada. Results show that the SF reduces cloud coverage and improves by 2% the accuracy of snow mapping in the QRB. The SF shows larger SCF and longer SCD than MOD10A2, with higher altitudes experiencing longer snow cover and perennial snow above 2500 m. The gradient of SCF with elevation (d(SCF)/d(elevation)) during the snowmelt season is 8% (100 m)−1. The average melt rates of SCF are similar for different 100 m elevation bands at about 5.5% (8 days)−1 for altitudes <1500 m with decreasing values with elevation to near 0% (8 days)−1 for altitudes >2500 m. Different combinations of slopes and aspects also affect the SCF with a maximum difference of 20.9% at a given time. Correlation coefficients between SCD and elevation attain 0.96 (p<0.001). Mean gradients of SCD with elevation are 3.8, 4.3, and 11.6 days (100 m)−1 for the snow onset, snowmelt, and entire year, respectively. The SF decreases the standard deviations of SCDs compared to MOD10A2 with a maximum difference near 0.63 days, 0.89 days, and 1.04 days for the snow onset, snowmelt and entire year, respectively.
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Vadivelu, Sangeta, Zheng Feei Ma, Ean Wah Ong, Norhaliza Hassan, Nik Fariza Husna Nik Hassan, Syed Hassan Syed Abdul Aziz, Yee Cheng Kueh, and Yeong Yeh Lee. "Clinical Validity and Reliability of the Malay Language Translations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia Questionnaire in a Primary Care Setting." Digestive Diseases 37, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494386.
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Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERDQ) and Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia Questionnaire (QOLRAD) are reliable tools for evaluation of GERD. Aim: We aimed to test validity and reliability of Malay language translations of GERDQ and QOLRAD in a primary care setting. Methods: The questionnaires were first translated into the Malay language (GERDQ-M and QOLRAD-M). Patients from primary care clinics with suspected GERD were recruited to complete GERDQ-M, QOLRAD-M, and Malay-translated 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36 or SF-36-M), and underwent endoscopy and 24-h pH-impedance test. Results: A total of 104 (mean age 47.1 years, women 51.9%) participants were enrolled. The sensitivity and specificity for GERDQ-M cut-off score ≥8 were 90.2 and 77.4%, respectively. Based on this cut-off score, 54.7% had a high probability of GERD diagnosis. GERD-M score ≥8 vs. < 8 was associated with erosive esophagitis (p < 0.001), hiatus hernia (p = 0.03), greater DeMeester score (p = 0.001), and Zerbib scores for acid refluxes (p < 0.001) but not non-acid refluxes (p = 0.1). Mean total scores of QOLRAD-M and SF-36-M were correlated (r = 0.74, p < 0.001). GERDQ-M ≥8, erosive esophagitis, and DeMeester ≥14.72 were associated with impaired QOLRAD-M in all domains (all p < 0.02) but this was not seen with SF-36. Conclusions: GERDQ-M and QOLRAD-M are valid and reliable tools applicable in a primary care setting.
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Gould, Jane M., Patricia Hennessey, Andrea Kiernan, Shannon Safier, and Martin Herman. "A Novel Prevention Bundle to Reduce Surgical Site Infections in Pediatric Spinal Fusion Patients." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 5 (January 28, 2016): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.350.
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BACKGROUNDThe Surgical Care Improvement Project bundle emphasizes operative infection prevention practices. Despite implementing the Surgical Care Improvement Project bundle in 2008, spinal fusion surgical site infections (SF-SSI) continued to be prevalent for this low-volume, high-risk surgery.OBJECTIVETo design a combined pre-, peri-, and postoperative bundle (PPPB) that would lead to sustained reductions in SF-SSI rates.DESIGNQuality improvement project, before-after trial with cost-effectiveness analysis.SETTINGChildren’s hospital.PATIENTSAll spinal fusion patients, 2008–2015.INTERVENTIONA multidisciplinary team developed the PPPB composed of Surgical Care Improvement Project elements plus improved wound care practices, nursing standard of care, dedicated nursing unit, dermatology assessment tool and consultation, nursing education tool using “teach back” technique, and a “Back Home” kit. SF-SSI rates were compared before (2008–2010) and after (2011-February 2015) implementation of PPPB. PPPB compliance was monitored.RESULTSA total of 224 SF surgeries were performed from 2008 to February 2015. Pre-PPPB analysis revealed median time to SF-SSI of 28 days, secondary to skin and bowel flora. Mean 3-year pre-PPPB SF-SSI rate per 100 SF surgeries was 8.2 (8/98) (2008: 13.3 [4/30], 2009: 2.7 [1/37], 2010: 9.7 [3/31]). Mean SF-SSI rate after PPPB was 2.4 (3/126) (January 2011-February 2015); there was a 71% reduction in mean SSI rate (P=.0695). No SF-SSI occurred in neuromuscular patients (P=.008) after PPPB. Compliance with PPPB elements has been 100%.CONCLUSIONSPPPB led to sustained improvement in SF-SSI rates over 50 months. The PPPB could be reproduced for other surgeries.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:527–534