Relevant bibliographies by topics / Shale inhibition

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Shale inhibition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Shale inhibition"

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Du, Weichao, Xiangyun Wang, Gang Chen, Jie Zhang, and Michal Slaný. "Synthesis, Property and Mechanism Analysis of a Novel Polyhydroxy Organic Amine Shale Hydration Inhibitor." Minerals 10, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020128.

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Based on the adsorption mechanism analysis of polyhydroxy organic compound on a shale surface, a novel polyhydroxy organic amine shale hydration inhibitor N, N, N′, N′-tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine (THEED) was synthesized via a nucleophilic reaction by using diethanolamine and dibromoethane as raw materials. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The inhibition performance of THEED was studied by a shale rolling recovery experiment, a linear expansion experiment and the particle size distribution experiment. Results showed the shale rolling recovery rate in 2.0 wt % THEED solutions was up to 89.6% at the rolling condition of 100 °C × 16 h, and the linear expansion height of artificial shale core in 2.0 wt % THEED solutions was just 4.74 mm after 16 h. The average particle size of Na-bentonite (Na-MMT) in fresh water was 8.05 μm, and it was observed that the average particle size has been increased to 124 μm in 2.0 wt % THEED solutions. The shale hydration inhibition mechanism of the novel inhibitor THEED was analyzed by FTIR, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), we concluded that the nice shale hydration inhibition performance of THEED was achieved by means of intercalation and adsorption onto the surface of shale. The superior shale hydration inhibition property makes THEED promising in maintaining wellbore stability in drilling engineering.
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Parvizi Ghaleh, Saeed, Elnaz Khodapanah, and Seyyed Alireza Tabatabaei-Nezhad. "Experimental evaluation of thiamine as a new clay swelling inhibitor." Petroleum Science 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 1616–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00466-6.

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AbstractThis study aims at evaluating the performance of thiamine as a new eco-friendly shale inhibitor in water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs). The evaluation experiments include sedimentation, bentonite inhibition, filtration, zeta potential, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, shale cuttings recovery, linear swelling and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The performance of thiamine was compared to potassium chloride. In contrast to deionized water, the aqueous solution of thiamine exhibited greater power to inhibit montmorillonite (Mt) dispersion, much more Mt loading capacity (280 g/L) and fluid loss, lower Mt mass loss, larger aggregated Mt particles, lower interlayer space of the Mt particles, less shale cuttings disintegration and lower linear swelling. Adsorption of thiamine on Mt led to a significant shift in the value of zeta potential (from −17.1 to +8.54 mV). Thiamine demonstrated superior inhibitive performance than potassium chloride. FTIR analysis confirmed that thiamine is adsorbed on Mt particles. The compatibility test revealed the compatibility of thiamine with conventional WBDF additives. It was concluded that the main probable inhibition mechanisms of thiamine are the cation exchange and Mt surface coating. In view of its prominent inhibition capacity and great environmental acceptability, thiamine is a promising inhibitor for drilling in water-sensitive formations.
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Zhong, Hanyi, Dong Sun, Weian Huang, Yunfeng Liu, and Zhengsong Qiu. "Effect of Cycloaliphatic Amine on the Shale Inhibitive Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 8, no. 1 (January 22, 2015): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01508010019.

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In order to improve the inhibitive properties and high temperature resistance of shale inhibitor, cycloaliphatic amines were introduced as shale hydration inhibitors in water-based drilling fluids. Bulk hardness test, shale cuttings dispersion test, bentonite inhibition test and water adsorption test were carried out to characterize the inhibitive properties of the novel amines. Surface tension measurement, zeta potential measurement, XRD, contact angle test, SEM and TGA were performed to investigate the interaction between the cycloaliphatic amines and clay particles. The results indicated that cycloaliphatic amines exhibited superior inhibitive properties to the state of the art inhibitors. Moreover, the amines were high temperature resistant. The hydrophobic amine could intercalate into the clay gallery with monolayer orientation. The protonated ammonium ions neutralized the negatively charged surface. After adsorption, the hydrophobic segment covered the clay surface and provided a shell preventing the ingress of water.
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Zhang, Yayun, and Cong Xiao. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Clay Hydration Inhibition of Deep Shale." Processes 9, no. 6 (June 19, 2021): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9061069.

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In the process of the exploitation of deep oil and gas resources, shale wellbore stability control faces great challenges under complex temperature and pressure conditions. It is difficult to reflect the micro mechanism and process of the action of inorganic salt on shale hydration with the traditional experimental evaluation technology on the macro effect of restraining shale hydration. Aiming at the characteristics of clay minerals of deep shale, the molecular dynamics models of four typical cations (K+, NH4+, Cs+ and Ca2+) inhibiting the hydration of clay minerals have been established by the use of the molecular dynamics simulation method. Moreover, the micro dynamics mechanism of typical inorganic cations inhibiting the hydration of clay minerals has been systematically evaluated, as has the law of cation hydration inhibition performance in response to temperature, pressure and ion type. The research indicates that the cations can promote the contraction of interlayer spacing, compress fluid intrusion channels, reduce the intrusion ability of water molecules, increase the negative charge balance ability and reduce the interlayer electrostatic repulsion force. With the increase in temperature, the inhibition of the cations on montmorillonite hydration is weakened, while the effect of pressure is opposite. Through the molecular dynamics simulation under different temperatures and pressures, we can systematically understand the microcosmic dynamics mechanism of restraining the hydration of clay in deep shale and provide theoretical guidance for the microcosmic control of clay hydration.
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Deng, Qiang, Deng Feng Wei, Zheng Qin Ye, and Jin Fang Xu. "Preparation and Swelling Inhibition of Polyammonium." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1317.

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A new anti-swelling agent was synthesized by polymerizing epichlorohydrin and dimethyl amine polymer. The swelling inhibition properties were investigated over clay and shale. It was found that the clay inhibition of swelling properties was greatly enhanced compared with common inorganic salts. However, to shale, the swelling properties did not inhibited efficiently by using prepared polymers. Furthermore, the influence of cross linking of polyammonium to the swelling ability of prepared polymer has been also carried out by using triethylenetetramine cross linking agent. In the case of shale, the swelling inhibit properties was improved after cross link, while opposite swelling effect was observed over clay.
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Chenevert, M. E., and S. O. Osisanya. "Shale/Mud Inhibition Defined With Rig-Site Methods." SPE Drilling Engineering 4, no. 03 (September 1, 1989): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16054-pa.

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Fujii, Rui. "Hundred years' history of challenge to shale inhibition." Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology 82, no. 5 (2017): 332–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3720/japt.82.332.

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Sun, Jinsheng, Fan Zhang, Kaihe Lv, and Xiaofeng Chang. "A novel film-forming silicone polymer as shale inhibitor for water-based drilling fluids." e-Polymers 19, no. 1 (November 3, 2019): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2019-0061.

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AbstractA novel shale inhibitor was synthesized by free radical copolymerization in aqueous solution, using acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), maleic anhydride (MA) KH-570 as reaction monomers and potassium persulfate as initiator. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the thermal decomposition temperature of the copolymer was higher than 226°C, which indicated that the copolymer had good high temperature resistance. At the same time, the inhibition performance of the copolymer was further evaluated by linear expansion, immersion test and rolling recovery. The experimental results show that the inhibition performance of organosilicon polymer is obviously better than that of potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium polyacrylate (KPAM), and it can be used as an inhibitor in shale gas drilling.
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Zhang, Jie, Weimin Hu, Li Zhang, Tiehu Li, Dan Cai, and Gang Chen. "Investigation of ammonium–lauric salt as shale swelling inhibitor and a mechanism study." Adsorption Science & Technology 37, no. 1-2 (November 1, 2018): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617418809832.

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In this work, a series of ammonium–lauric salts (ALS) was prepared with lauric acid and amines as small molecular shale swelling inhibitor. The inhibitors were screened by the linear expansion test first, and the result shows that the inhibitor prepared by lauric acid and diethylenetriamine with the mole ratio of 2:1 (ALS-2) displays excellent inhibition effect on the hydration expansion of bentonite. The inhibition of ALS-2 to bentonite was fully evaluated by various methods in the following work, including clay linear swelling test and particle distribution measurement. The results show that ALS-2 has superior performance to inhibit the hydration swelling and dispersion of bentonite, and the swelling rate of bentonite in 0.5% ALS-2 was reduced to 29.7%. In water-based drilling fluid, ALS-2 is compatible with the conventional additives, and it can improve the lubricity of the mud cake obviously after aged under 120°C. Besides, it can control the particle size of bentonite in water. The inhibition mechanism of the ammonium–lauric salts was discussed in detail through physical adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
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Kim, Kyung Tae, Mantha Sai Pavan Jagannath, Gregory M. Su, Guillaume Freychet, Tongzhou Zeng, Kishore K. Mohanty, Graeme Henkelman, Lynn E. Katz, and Charles J. Werth. "Surfactant inhibition mechanisms of carbonate mineral dissolution in shale." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 625 (September 2021): 126857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126857.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shale inhibition"

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Tas, Baki Tugrul. "An Experimental Investigation Of The Shale Inhibition Properties Of A Quaternary Amine Compound." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615554/index.pdf.

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Depleting oil reserves and increased costs of the oil and gas recoveries have created the need to drill in challenging formations. When drilled through, shale formations in particular always generated a wide variety of problems if conventional water-based muds are used. Furthermore, the complexity and variations in shales have compounded the task of developing suitable drilling fluids. In light of these problems, the study of shale properties and their interactions with fluids will continue to be a muchneeded source of information in drilling industry. In this study a low molecular weight quaternary amine compound, which is provided by KarKim Drilling Fluids Inc., and its mixtures with sodium and potassium chloride is investigated in the aspects of capillary suction times, hot rolling recoveries, methylene blue capacities and one-dimensional free swelling properties in order to compare performances of salts and amine compound. For all test methods quaternary amine concentration from 1% to 6% by volume were studied and seen that less amount of quaternary amine compound is needed in order to obtain close shale recoveries and shale volume change potential if compared with sodium and potassium chloride. This prevents the usage of high concentration of chlorides and hence provides environmental sensitiveness. Furthermore, it was concluded that combining an amount of salt with quaternary amine compound gives the system enhanced shale inhibition properties.
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Jayasuriya, Chaturi. "The role of cognitive inhibition in shape and motion perception." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165408.

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Selective attention is a filtering system that focuses on relevant information in our environment while irrelevant information is suppressed. The two well-known components of selective attention, facilitation and inhibition, work hand in hand to aid the processing of relevant information. The main theme of the present thesis was to study the inhibitory component of visual selective attention using stimuli such as motion and shape in a rapid serial visual presentation. Therefore, the first three experimental chapters investigated how relevant motion and shape information are processed and perceived in the presence of similar irrelevant information. The findings showed that first order visual motion detection is impaired in the presence of distracters and this inhibition of distracters is generated in a bottom-up manner. The findings were, however, not straightforward. The findings from Experiments 6-10 showed that distracter information (shape) influences shape target detection only when distracters are made salient and the perceptual load of the task is moderately difficult. Collectively, the findings in this present thesis suggest that there may be more than one kind of inhibition generated for different kinds of stimuli.
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Robertson, Christopher Travis. "Selectivity of presynaptic inhibition supraspinal and segmental influences that shape movement parameters /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3283097.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Kinesiology, 2007.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: B, page: 5772. Advisers: David M. Koceja; Dale R. Sengelaub. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 12, 2008).
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Mazade, Reece E., and Erika D. Eggers. "Light adaptation alters inner retinal inhibition to shape OFF retinal pathway signaling." AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617205.

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The retina adjusts its signaling gain over a wide range of light levels. A functional result of this is increased visual acuity at brighter luminance levels (light adaptation) due to shifts in the excitatory center-inhibitory surround receptive field parameters of ganglion cells that increases their sensitivity to smaller light stimuli. Recent work supports the idea that changes in ganglion cell spatial sensitivity with background luminance are due in part to inner retinal mechanisms, possibly including modulation of inhibition onto bipolar cells. To determine how the receptive fields of OFF cone bipolar cells may contribute to changes in ganglion cell resolution, the spatial extent and magnitude of inhibitory and excitatory inputs were measured from OFF bipolar cells under dark- and light-adapted conditions. There was no change in the OFF bipolar cell excitatory input with light adaptation; however, the spatial distributions of inhibitory inputs, including both glycinergic and GABAergic sources, became significantly narrower, smaller, and more transient. The magnitude and size of the OFF bipolar cell center-surround receptive fields as well as light-adapted changes in resting membrane potential were incorporated into a spatial model of OFF bipolar cell output to the downstream ganglion cells, which predicted an increase in signal output strength with light adaptation. We show a prominent role for inner retinal spatial signals in modulating the modeled strength of bipolar cell output to potentially play a role in ganglion cell visual sensitivity and acuity.
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Kreienbühl, Peter Lukas. "Protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid alters cell shape and F-action distribution and inhibits /." Bern, 1992. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Pedvis, Lloyd Gary. "Differential activation and inhibition of human platelet shape change, micro- and macroaggregation, in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61878.

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Karlsson, Linda. "Detection of interesting areas in images by using convexity and rotational symmetries." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1624.

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There are several methods avaliable to find areas of interest, but most fail at detecting such areas in cluttered scenes. In this paper two methods will be presented and tested in a qualitative perspective. The first is the darg operator, which is used to detect three dimensional convex or concave objects by calculating the derivative of the argument of the gradient in one direction of four rotated versions. The four versions are thereafter added together in their original orientation. A multi scale version is recommended to avoid the problem that the standard deviation of the Gaussians, combined with the derivatives, controls the scale of the object, which is detected.

Another feature detected in this paper is rotational symmetries with the help of approximative polynomial expansion. This approach is used in order to minimalize the number and sizes of the filters used for a correlation of a representation of the orientation and filters matching the rotational symmetries of order 0, 1 and 2. With this method a particular type of rotational symmetry can be extracted by using both the order and the orientation of the result. To improve the method’s selectivity a normalized inhibition is applied on the result, which causes a much weaker result in the two other resulting pixel values when one is high.

Both methods are not enough by themselves to give a definite answer to if the image consists of an area of interest or not, since several other things have these types of features. They can on the other hand give an indication where in the image the feature is found.

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Reppa, Irene. "The modulation of inhibition of return by object internal structure : implications for theories of object-based attention and object shape representation." Thesis, Bangor University, 2002. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-modulation-of-inhibition-of-return-by-object-internal-structure--implications-for-theories-of-objectbased-attention-and-object-shape-representation(9f879266-4618-48c1-82b8-59df743be173).html.

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Investigations into visual attention have led to the identification of locationand object-based mechanisms of attentional selection. This thesis is specifically concerned with object-based attention and aims to distinguish between two different hypotheses regarding the representations available to the inhibitory mechanisms of object-based selection. According to the global structure hypothesis, inhibitory mechanisms of selection operate over representations that do not have access to object-internal structural properties, such as surface boundaries. According to the local structure hypothesis, inhibitory selection mechanisms operate over representations that do make explicit object-internal structure. The second issue addressed in this thesis concerns the nature of object-shape representations that object-based inhibitory mechanisms operate over. Two candidate shape primitives, surfaces and volumetric components, are examined in order to ascertain whether they modulate object-based attention. These issues are addressed using the inhibition of return (IOR) paradigm (Posner & Cohen, 1984), which has previously been used to examine object-based attention (e. g. Tipper, Driver & Weaver, 199 1). The two aforementioned hypotheses make contrasting predictions about the modulation of object-based IOR by objectinternal structure. The global structure hypothesis predicts that object-based IOR should not be modulated by the object's internal structural properties, irrespective of changes in the object's internal structure. In contrast, the local structure hypothesis predicts that object internal structure will modulate the magnitude of object-based IOR. 2 The results raise a number of interesting issues. First, they show that objectbased IOR is modulated by internal discontinuities in object structure. Second, objectbased IOR operates over representations that make explicit surface properties of volumetric forms. Third, the effect is attenuated when cues and targets appear on the same surface of an object, relative to when the cue and target are separated by an internal structural discontinuity. These findings are consistent with the local structure hypothesis for objectbased attentional selection and provide new evidence (a) to suggest that inhibitory mechanisms of selection can operate over shape representations that make explicit infonnation about object internal structure, (b) about the surface-based nature of these mental representations, (c) to posit new constraints on hypotheses about the distribution of facilitation and inhibition in object-based attention.
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Tanramluk, Duangrudee. "On the origins of enzyme inhibitor selectivity and promiscuity : a case study of protein kinase binding to staurosporine." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/224844.

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Protein kinases are important regulatory enzymes in signal transduction and in cell regulation. Understanding inhibition mechanisms of kinases is important for the further development of new therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases. I have developed a statistical approach based on the Mantel test to find the relationship between the shapes of ATP binding sites and their affinities for inhibitors. My shape-based dendrogram shows clustering of the kinases based on similarity in shape. I investigate the pocket in terms of conservation of surrounding amino acids and atoms in order to identify the key determinants of ligand binding. I find that the most conserved regions are the main chain atoms in the hinge region and I show that the tetrahydropyran ring of staurosporine causes induced-fit of the glycine rich loop. I apply multiple linear regression to select distances measured between the distinctive parts of residues which correlate with the binding constants. This method allows me to understand the importance of the size of the gatekeeper residue and the closure between the first glycine of the GXGXXG motif and the aspartate of the DFG loop, which act together to promote tight binding to staurosporine. I also find that the greater the number of hydrogen bonds made by the kinase around the methylamine group of staurosporine, the tighter the binding to staurosporine. The website I have developed allows a better understanding of cross reactivity and may be useful for narrowing down the options for a synthetic strategy to design kinase inhibitors.
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Dowell, Margaret Anne. "Influence of three-tier cost sharing on patient compliance with and switching of cardiovascular medications." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1030118543.

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Thesis (M.S.--Ohio State University, 2002.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 173 p.: ill. Includes abstract and vita. Co-advisors: Craig A. Pedersen, Dept. of Pharmacy; Anne Scheck McAlearney, School of Public Health. Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-173).
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Book chapters on the topic "Shale inhibition"

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Cutsuridis, Vassilis, Stuart Cobb, and Bruce P. Graham. "How Bursts Shape the STDP Curve in the Presence/Absence of GABAergic Inhibition." In Artificial Neural Networks – ICANN 2009, 229–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04274-4_24.

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Henehan, Mary Pat. "You Should Feel Shame and Inhibition." In Integrating Spirit and Psyche, 93–100. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315809236-10.

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"John Hart Discusses Lateral Inhibition, Shade Context, and Color Context." In Perceiving Two Dimensions. United States: University of Illinois, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529772968.n1.

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Eid, Riyad, and Emrys Hughes. "Drivers and Barriers to Online Social Networks’ Usage." In Transdisciplinary Marketing Concepts and Emergent Methods for Virtual Environments, 41–58. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1861-9.ch004.

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Although the past years have witnessed growth in online social networks, the underlying factors driving and inhibiting its diffusion are not well understood. This paper presents empirical research that investigates the factors driving and inhibiting the online social networks usage. It gives a brief overview of the academic literature on the diffusion online social networks. The conduct and findings of a mail survey are then reported. The paper concludes that online social networks in general and Facebook in particular will become an extremely important tool in the future, with the drivers overcoming the barriers in influencing the rate. Furthermore, the study has enhanced previous theories related to Facebook, and it offers a platform for further investigations to take shape in light of what has been discussed and analysed.
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Dewangan, Y. "Polysaccharide as Green Corrosion Inhibitor." In Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors, 70–100. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901496-4.

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The carbohydrates associated with polysaccharide glycosidic bonds are tightly chained, usually linear and highly branched complex molecules. Their structure mainly consists of hydroxyl groups in the form of functional groups, in which an oxygen heterogeneous atom is present. Some polysaccharides have hetero atoms. Nitrogen and Sulfur in addition to oxygen, which have unshared electron pairs. Hetero atoms easily share their electron pair to the vacant d orbitals of the metal ion and prevent the metal from corrosion. Polysaccharides are biodegradable, renewable, inexpensive and environment friendly due to which they are easily used as corrosion inhibitors. The present study mentions some major research work in which polysaccharides are used as corrosion inhibitors. Their mixed type nature has been reported in most research papers, and in the case of steel metal, they mainly follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Chemical (gravimetric analysis) and electrochemical (EIS & PDP) studies are frequently used for the corrosion inhibition study. Some of the current research papers have also used computational or theoretical studies such as quantum chemical study and MD simulation. At the end of this book chapter, a discussion is also given regarding further research and direction related to the topic.
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Singh, Anuradha, and Ramendra K. Singh. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase (HIV-RT)." In Research Advancements in Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Industrial Enzymology, 100–127. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5237-6.ch005.

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Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus and represents a primary target for drug discovery against HIV-1 infection. Two classes of RT inhibitors, the nucleoside and the non-nucleoside RT inhibitors, are prominently used in the highly active antiretroviral therapy in combination with other anti-HIV drugs. This chapter deals with the salient features of HIV-RT that make it an attractive target for rational drug design and chemotherapeutic intervention in the management of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Further, the role of RT in the viral life cycle, the ways the drugs act to inhibit the normal functions of RT, and the mechanisms that the virus adapts to evade the available drugs have been discussed. Computational strategies used in rational drug design accompanied by a better understanding of RT, its mechanism of inhibition and drug resistance, discussed in this chapter, shall provide a better platform to develop effective RT inhibitors.
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Röger, Maren. "Patterns of Sexual Violence in Occupied Poland." In Wartime Relations, 147–69. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817222.003.0010.

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This chapter traces the patterns of wartime sexual violence in occupied Poland. Emotional overload, shame, and the desire to avoid questioning or investigations all prevented Polish women from accusing the offenders during the Second World War. But the most important inhibiting factor was the marked imbalance in power between perpetrators and victims. The chapter then distinguishes between three time periods and five types of sexual violence, relating to the various phases of the German occupation. During the invasion in 1939, gang rapes and individual assaults were frequent, also during Warsaw Uprising in 1944 sexual violence was a frequent tool. During occupation, German men, made use of their power. One of the most frequent clusters had been sexual extortion at the workplace.
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Manning, Jane. "GEORGE ROCHBERG (1918–2005)Fantasies (1971)." In Vocal Repertoire for the Twenty-First Century, Volume 1, 261–64. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391028.003.0072.

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This chapter examines George Rochberg’s Fantasies, written as a present for his wife on their thirtieth wedding anniversary. A set of four haiku-like miniatures for medium voice and piano, Fantasies makes an ideal introduction to a modernist vocal idiom for those who have yet to lose their inhibitions and plunge into new territory. A flexible mezzo would perhaps be best suited to the diverse range of styles packed into such a small frame. Clear projection is essential, in view of the economy of the vocal writing, and a certain forthright strength, as well as a poised lightness. There are just a few moments of Sprechstimme, whispered as well as spoken, and a couple of long, arching melismas, which require considerable breath control. In contrast, speech rhythms are also deftly employed. It is the pianist, however, who has the lion's share in shaping the narrative and illustrating the texts, in a most satisfying part, full of wit and humour, and incorporating some challenging figurations.
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Redstone, Ilana. "Social Media." In Unassailable Ideas, 28–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190078065.003.0004.

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Social media have transformed the way we think and interact with others. Inhibitions are often far lower online than offline, leading to a greater tendency toward incivility. One of the most visible changes to public discourse in the social media age has been the rise of call-out culture, a term used to describe the use of social media to build a wave of public indignation regarding behavior deemed transgressive. Social media can act both directly (e.g., through call-out campaigns) and indirectly (through behavior modification aimed at avoiding social media opprobrium) to shape what happens on campus. While the social media–induced incentives for behavior modification apply generally, they operate particularly powerfully in academia because academic administrators, teachers, and researchers are by definition in the public eye. And, academic researchers are particularly exposed to the vicissitudes of social media not only because they are visible, but because the advancement of knowledge by its very nature requires making assertions that are new and that may be risky.
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Vernon, Kathleen M. "The voice of comedy: Gracita Morales." In Performance and Spanish Film. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719097720.003.0005.

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This chapter analyses the typification and standardisation of the voice in Spanish cinema, which is argued as the result of a long history of film dubbing, with its strict codification of vocal types according to gender and role. This practice has resulted in a series of unwritten rules and expectations that continue to shape and restrict the kinds of voices that Spanish audiences hear on screen. Under these norms, while non-standard voices may be permitted and are even cultivated for comic and character parts, leading roles continue to demand what the chapter calls the ‘phonogenic’ expression of unproblematically feminine and masculine identities. With her unmistakable, high-pitched voice, the chapter shows how Gracita Morales was inevitably slotted into supporting roles, her child-like affect and lack of verbal inhibition put to classic comic ends as weapons used to skewer the pretensions of a would-be upwardly mobile and modernizing middle class. Despite being categorised in this manner, Gracita Morales become an example of what Kathleen Rowe calls ‘unruly women’, female comics who by talking back and laughing loudly claim their right to a traditionally male privilege, thereby challenging the notion of comedy as a male-dominated genre.
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Conference papers on the topic "Shale inhibition"

1

Gomez, Sandra L., and Arvind Patel. "Shale Inhibition: What Works?" In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/164108-ms.

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2

Khormali, A., M. F. Ghasemi, and Y. V. Lykov. "Prediction and Inhibition of Barium Sulfate Scale Deposits in Oil Reservoirs." In EAGE/SPE Workshop on Shale Science 2017. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201700203.

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3

Aston, M. S., and G. P. Elliott. "Water-Based Glycol Drilling Muds: Shale Inhibition Mechanisms." In European Petroleum Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/28818-ms.

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Khodja, Mohamed, Mustapha Belkadi, Ahcene Kaouane, Malika Saber-Khodja, Khadidja Guellil, and Sofiane Khadraoui. "DRX Wet-Cell and Static Displacement Tests to Understand Salt Deposition and Shale Inhibition Mechanisms." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11041.

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Salts scale is one of the most important problems found in the oil and gas industry. Precipitation of salts can occur near wellbore as well as in the wellbore. The resulting reduces drastically well performance and causes a significant decrease in production rate. In order to remove salt deposits as well as prevent the precipitation of salt, fresh water treatments are performed at regular intervals during production operations. In drilling activity, shale is the most common rock types encountered while drilling wells. The combination of KCl/Polymer in water base mud (WBM) reduced frequency and severity of shale instability problems. In the order, all polymers are not able to resolve problems and inhibition mechanism comprehension still complex. Chemical treatment is an alternative approach to inhibit salts formation and shale instability. Bad inhibitor selections or/and high concentration provide limited performance and will cause damage which mechanism still unclear. In addition, it is extremely difficult to test salts formation and shale inhibition in the laboratory under reel conditions. Research shows that variation on temperature and pressures affect seriously inhibition mechanisms. In this way, our work tends to follow salts crystallization and shale swelling by using two methods: X-ray diffraction wet-cells for the in situ monitoring of fine powder reactions and displacement tests to follow permeability reduction under reservoir conditions. The possible mechanisms of halite and shale inhibition are discussed. Some experiences combining with using fines minerals particles to simulate compacted rock are realized. The following conclusions have been drawn: - At ambient conditions, the contact between the water mixture and fines reservoir rock shows that crystallization was increased with time and affected by fines particles compaction and surface rugosity, - Technique of chemical inhibition restrain salt deposit (60% of crystallization reduction) and enhances shale stability, - A minimum polymer inhibitor concentration effectively was confirmed by X Ray Wet-Cell and Dynamic test under reservoir conditions.
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Al-Arfaj, Mohammed K., Md Amanullah, and Al-Osail Mohammed. "An Enhanced Experimental Method to Assess the Shale Inhibition Durability of Inhibitive Water-Based Drilling Fluids." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189380-ms.

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Soric, Tomislav, Pavel Marinescu, and Robert Huelke. "Silicate-Based Drilling Fluids Deliver Optimum Shale Inhibition and Wellbore Stability." In IADC/SPE Drilling Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/87133-ms.

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Reid, P. I., Bernadette Dolan, and Stephen Cliffe. "Mechanism of Shale Inhibition by Polyols in Water Based Drilling Fluids." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/28960-ms.

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Shenoy, Sudhir Srinivas, Terence Gilmore, Allan Jeffery Twynam, Arvind D. Patel, Stephen Donald Mason, Gregory Kubala, Benoit Vidick, and Mehmet Parlar. "Guidelines for Shale Inhibition During Openhole Gravel Packing With Water-Based Fluids." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/103156-ms.

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9

Patel, Arvind D. "Design and Development of Quaternary Amine Compounds: Shale Inhibition With Improved Environmental Profile." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/121737-ms.

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10

Bailey, L., B. Craster, C. Sawdon, M. Brady, and S. Cliffe. "New Insight into the Mechanisms of Shale Inhibition Using Water Based Silicate Drilling Fluids." In IADC/SPE Drilling Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/39401-ms.

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