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1
Katara, Usha. "Śaṅkara Śeṣa kā nāṭaka-sāhitya : Śaṅkara Śeṣa ke nāṭakoṃ kā vivecanātmaka adhyayana /." Udayapura (Bhārata) : Śivā pabliśarsa ḍistrībyūtarsa, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37042775g.
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Mukherji, Shankar 1982. "Robustness and tunability in biological networks/ by Shankar Mukherji." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57706.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-139).
Cells face a core tension between studiously preventing change in certain properties from extrinsic perturbations while allowing other properties to be tuned. One way cells have resolved this tension is to utilize systems that are both robust and tunable. Systems can achieve this through network design, which can contain submodules that are themselves either robust or tunable, or through network components that are robust over only a defined set of parameter ranges. This work examines these two categories with two specific examples described below. To explore how a simple network can be both robust and tunable, we make use of the osmosensing pathway in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The pathway consists of two modules: a phosphorelay module that senses the osmotic shock signal that feeds into a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) module. Using a combination of systematic complementation experiments and computational sensitivity analysis, we show that the phosphorelay module is robust to changes in the kinetic parameters characterizing signal propagation through the module while signaling through the MAPK module can be tuned by changing the rate constants. Furthermore, we show that pathway robustness to rate constant changes has consequences for the evolvability of the osmosensing cascade. Populations of yeast cells challenged to alter the input/output relationship of the cascade saw their MAPK proteins preferentially targeted by natural selection over their phosphorelay counterparts. To explore how a simple regulatory element can be both robust and tunable, we turn our attention to gene regulation by microRNA (miRNA). MiRNAs are short regulatory RNA molecules that repress gene expression in a sequence-dependent manner. By observing the strength of miRNA-mediated repression in individual cells, we show that the strength of repression depends strongly on the relative abundance of the miRNA and its target. Below a threshold level of target message miRNA robustly silences the conversion of mRNA input into protein output, but above this threshold miRNAmediated repression generates an ultrasensitive response to mRNA input allowing the strength of repression to be tuned over a wide variety of values.
Ph.D.
3
Annapūrṇā, Īraṅkī. "Prasāda ke kāvyoṃ kā lokatātvika adhyayana /." Lakhanaū : Hindī sāhitya bhaṇ̣ḍāra, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361850723.
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Gupta, Dineśa Kumāra. "Pāścātya nāṭya dr̥ṣṭi aura Jayaśaṅkata Prasāda ke nāṭaka /." Dillī : Īśā Jñānadīpa, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389617113.
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Diss. Ph. D.--Delhi--University of Delhi. Titre de soutenance : Jayaśaṅkara Prasāda ke nāṭakoṃ meṃ ābhijātyavādī aura svacchandatāvādī tattva.Bibliogr. des oeuvres de Jai Shankar Prasad p. 284. Bibliogr. p. 284-296.
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Shankar, Ravi [Verfasser]. "Surface Reconstruction and Tool Path Strategies for Incremental Sheet Metal Forming / Ravi Shankar." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1162792094/34.
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Guptā, Mañju. "Prasāda aura Nirāla kī bimba yojanā /." Naī Dillī : Hindi buka seṇṭara, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb369655237.
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Pī-Eca. Ḍī--Vallabha Vidyānagara, Gujarāta--Saradāra Paṭela viśvavidyālaya.Le dos de la page de titre porte la mention : "Prasad aur Nirala ki bimb yojana" / Gupta, Manju. Bibliogr. p. 213-215. Notes bibliogr.
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Srinivasan, Shankar Deepak [Verfasser], and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Obermayer. "Learning on Relational Data: Prototype-Based Classification of Attributed Graphs / Shankar Deepak Srinivasan. Betreuer: Klaus Obermayer." Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016730373/34.
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Barontini, LÃcia Rejane de AraÃjo. "MeditaÃÃo AutobiogrÃfica Sobre A Arte De Viver De Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: Aventura, FormaÃÃo, Sabedoria E Espiritualidade." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3121.
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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃCoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Esta à uma pesquisa autobiogrÃfica, que teve origem na minha busca interior, em um momento de crise pessoal e profissional. Realizo uma aventura acadÃmica ao experimentar novos caminhos de construÃÃo autobiogrÃfica. As minhas experiÃncias na Arte de Viver de Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, programa formativo de Yoga, experiencial, de autoconhecimento, de desenvolvimento das potencialidades e de espiritualizaÃÃo, constituem o nÃcleo narrativo da pesquisa. Viver, narrar e refletir sobre a minha atitude frente à vida constituem a base em que se assenta esta experiÃncia autoformativa, em que sujeito e pesquisador se unificam em um processo autoreflexivo. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi vivenciar o potencial formador da pesquisa autobiogrÃfica como processo de autoformaÃÃo e de autoconhecimento. Busquei, ainda, interpretar e compreender os sentidos/significados destas experiÃncias nos nÃveis fÃsico, energÃtico, mental, emocional e espiritual, no Ãmbito da minha vida pessoal e na construÃÃo da minha identidade; tomar consciÃncia das transformaÃÃes decorrentes na minha vida profissional e da consequente projetualidade; e, ainda, descobrir e compreender o universo cultural hindu implÃcito na proposta educativa/formativa para adultos da Arte de Viver. Querendo contribuir para reinventar as prÃticas multiformes que compÃem o mÃtodo biogrÃfico, criei uma metodologia inovadora que denominei de meditaÃÃo autobiogrÃfica que consiste em uma metodologia de acesso Ãs experiÃncias fundadores e/ou formadoras com base nas prÃticas espirituais da Arte de Viver (asanas, pranayamas, sudarshan kryia e meditaÃÃo). ApÃs estas prÃticas, em um estado meditativo, de calma e tranquilidade, o fluxo de pensamentos à observado e transcrito para o papel sem julgamentos ou racionalizaÃÃo. A narraÃÃo final està estruturada em trÃs capÃtulos centrais. No segundo capÃtulo narro uma viagem inesquecÃvel à Ãndia em que vivi uma profunda experiÃncia de paz interior, mergulhei na cultura hindu e no Yoga, vivi momentos de pura espiritualidade e descobri a essÃncia do Ser: existÃncia, consciÃncia e felicidade. No capÃtulo seguinte conto como esta aventura espiritual foi iniciada, o meu primeiro contato com o programa de controle de estresse atravÃs da respiraÃÃo e do Sudarshan Kriya e de como as transformaÃÃes comeÃaram a se dar em todos os nÃveis da minha existÃncia, fÃsico, energÃtico, mental, emocional e espiritual. O capÃtulo quarto à dedicado à compreensÃo da ampliaÃÃo da minha consciÃncia, dos obstÃculos que se apresentaram e das profundas transformaÃÃes que se expandiram para os diversos Ãmbitos da minha vida: pessoal, social e profissional. No Ãltimo capÃtulo discorro sobre como viver e atuar no mundo segundo uma Ãtica espiritual podem tornar-se finalidade de uma pedagogia para o Ser, pelo Ser e atravÃs do Ser. A meditaÃÃo autobiogrÃfica mostrou-se um caminho de grande potencial autoformativo. AlÃm de facilitar a escrita, leva a um mergulho na histÃria da prÃpria vida, que à vista, sentida, sob a luz de uma consciÃncia mais pura, sob a luz da superconsciÃncia, à um caminho de aperfeiÃoamento da meditaÃÃo. Narrar e refletir sobre as experiÃncias constituÃram momentos de reapropriaÃÃo da minha histÃria, de mim mesma, da minha vida, da minha projetualidade como pessoa e como profissional. O processo de escrita estimulou a superaÃÃo de limites pessoais relativos à baixa autoestima, negatividade, dificuldades de escrita e autodisciplina; proporcionado uma maior compreensÃo sobre a minha histÃria formativa e pessoal, e o emergir de uma nova identidade e integraÃÃo das diversas partes do meu ser
This is an autobiographical research, which was originated in the search for my inner self at a moment of personal and professional crisis. I perform an academic adventure experiencing new ways of autobiographical construction. My experiences in the Art of Living of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar â a yoga training program, experiential, of self-knowledge, of the potential and spiritualization development â constitute the core-narrative of this research. Living, narrating and reflecting about my attitude towards life are the basis on which rests this self-formation experience, in which the subject and researcher is united in a self-reflexive process. The general objective of this study was experiencing the trainer potential of the autobiographical research as self-formation and self-knowledge. I have sought to interpret and understand the senses/meanings of these experiences in the physical, energy, mental, emotional and spiritual levels, in the realm of my life and building my identity; take awareness of the changes arising in my life and of the resulting design; and yet, discover and understand the Hindu cultural universe implicit in the education/training proposal for adults in the Art of Living. Aiming to contribute in reinventing the multi-shape practices that compose the biographical method, I created an innovative methodology that called autobiographical meditation that consists of a method to access the founding experiences and/or training based on the spiritual practices of the Art of Living (asanas, pranayamas, sudarshan kryia and meditation). After these practices, in a meditative state of calm and tranquility, the flow of thoughts is observed and transcribed to the paper without judgment or rationalization. The final narrative is structured in three central chapters. In the second chapter, I narrate an unforgettable trip to India where I lived a deep experience of inner peace, I plunged into the Hindu culture and Yoga, I experienced moments of pure spirituality and find the essence of the Self: existence, consciousness and happiness. In the following chapter I say how this spiritual adventure was started, my first contact with the stress control program through breathing and the Sudarshan Kriya and how the changes began to take place at all levels of my physical, energetic, mental, emotional and spiritual existence. The fourth chapter is dedicated to understand the expansion of my conscience, the obstacles that have made present and the profound changes that have spread to various areas of my life: personal, social and professional. In the last chapter I discuss about how living and acting in the world according to a spiritual ethics can become a teaching purpose for the Self, by the Self and through the Self. The autobiographical meditation was a way of great self-formation potential. In addition to facilitating the writing, it leads into a dive in the history of life itself, which is seen, felt, under the light of a more pure conscience, under the light of super-consciousness; it is a way of improving meditation. Narrating and reflecting on the experiences consisted of moments to recover the ownership of my own story, the story of my life, of my design as a person and as a professional. The writing process stimulated overcoming personal limits regarding low selfesteem, negativity, difficulties of writing and self-discipline; providing a higher understanding about my formative and personal history, and the emergence of a new identity and integration of the various parties of my Self.
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BARONTINI, Lúcia Rejane de Araújo. "Meditação Autobiográfica Sobre A arte de viver de Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: aventura, formação, sabedoria e espiritualidade." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/3337.
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BARONTINI, Lúcia Rejane de Araújo. Meditação autobiográfica sobre a arte de viver de Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: aventura, formação, sabedoria e espiritualidade. 2009. 320 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2009.Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-05T14:44:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Tese_LRABarontini.pdf: 7141667 bytes, checksum: c67803630165f3b9e0a5e449fdcab540 (MD5)
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This is an autobiographical research, which was originated in the search for my inner self at a moment of personal and professional crisis. I perform an academic adventure experiencing new ways of autobiographical construction. My experiences in the Art of Living of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar – a yoga training program, experiential, of self-knowledge, of the potential and spiritualization development – constitute the core-narrative of this research. Living, narrating and reflecting about my attitude towards life are the basis on which rests this self-formation experience, in which the subject and researcher is united in a self-reflexive process. The general objective of this study was experiencing the trainer potential of the autobiographical research as self-formation and self-knowledge. I have sought to interpret and understand the senses/meanings of these experiences in the physical, energy, mental, emotional and spiritual levels, in the realm of my life and building my identity; take awareness of the changes arising in my life and of the resulting design; and yet, discover and understand the Hindu cultural universe implicit in the education/training proposal for adults in the Art of Living. Aiming to contribute in reinventing the multi-shape practices that compose the biographical method, I created an innovative methodology that called autobiographical meditation that consists of a method to access the founding experiences and/or training based on the spiritual practices of the Art of Living (asanas, pranayamas, sudarshan kryia® and meditation). After these practices, in a meditative state of calm and tranquility, the flow of thoughts is observed and transcribed to the paper without judgment or rationalization. The final narrative is structured in three central chapters. In the second chapter, I narrate an unforgettable trip to India where I lived a deep experience of inner peace, I plunged into the Hindu culture and Yoga, I experienced moments of pure spirituality and find the essence of the Self: existence, consciousness and happiness. In the following chapter I say how this spiritual adventure was started, my first contact with the stress control program through breathing and the Sudarshan Kriya® and how the changes began to take place at all levels of my physical, energetic, mental, emotional and spiritual existence. The fourth chapter is dedicated to understand the expansion of my conscience, the obstacles that have made present and the profound changes that have spread to various areas of my life: personal, social and professional. In the last chapter I discuss about how living and acting in the world according to a spiritual ethics can become a teaching purpose for the Self, by the Self and through the Self. The autobiographical meditation was a way of great self-formation potential. In addition to facilitating the writing, it leads into a dive in the history of life itself, which is seen, felt, under the light of a more pure conscience, under the light of super-consciousness; it is a way of improving meditation. Narrating and reflecting on the experiences consisted of moments to recover the ownership of my own story, the story of my life, of my design as a person and as a professional. The writing process stimulated overcoming personal limits regarding low selfesteem, negativity, difficulties of writing and self-discipline; providing a higher understanding about my formative and personal history, and the emergence of a new identity and integration of the various parties of my Self.
Esta é uma pesquisa autobiográfica, que teve origem na minha busca interior, em um momento de crise pessoal e profissional. Realizo uma aventura acadêmica ao experimentar novos caminhos de construção autobiográfica. As minhas experiências na Arte de Viver de Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, programa formativo de Yoga, experiencial, de autoconhecimento, de desenvolvimento das potencialidades e de espiritualização, constituem o núcleo narrativo da pesquisa. Viver, narrar e refletir sobre a minha atitude frente à vida constituem a base em que se assenta esta experiência autoformativa, em que sujeito e pesquisador se unificam em um processo autoreflexivo. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi vivenciar o potencial formador da pesquisa autobiográfica como processo de autoformação e de autoconhecimento. Busquei, ainda, interpretar e compreender os sentidos/significados destas experiências nos níveis físico, energético, mental, emocional e espiritual, no âmbito da minha vida pessoal e na construção da minha identidade; tomar consciência das transformações decorrentes na minha vida profissional e da consequente projetualidade; e, ainda, descobrir e compreender o universo cultural hindu implícito na proposta educativa/formativa para adultos da Arte de Viver. Querendo contribuir para reinventar as práticas multiformes que compõem o método biográfico, criei uma metodologia inovadora que denominei de meditação autobiográfica que consiste em uma metodologia de acesso às experiências fundadores e/ou formadoras com base nas práticas espirituais da Arte de Viver (asanas, pranayamas, sudarshan kryia® e meditação). Após estas práticas, em um estado meditativo, de calma e tranquilidade, o fluxo de pensamentos é observado e transcrito para o papel sem julgamentos ou racionalização. A narração final está estruturada em três capítulos centrais. No segundo capítulo narro uma viagem inesquecível à Índia em que vivi uma profunda experiência de paz interior, mergulhei na cultura hindu e no Yoga, vivi momentos de pura espiritualidade e descobri a essência do Ser: existência, consciência e felicidade. No capítulo seguinte conto como esta aventura espiritual foi iniciada, o meu primeiro contato com o programa de controle de estresse através da respiração e do Sudarshan Kriya® e de como as transformações começaram a se dar em todos os níveis da minha existência, físico, energético, mental, emocional e espiritual. O capítulo quarto é dedicado à compreensão da ampliação da minha consciência, dos obstáculos que se apresentaram e das profundas transformações que se expandiram para os diversos âmbitos da minha vida: pessoal, social e profissional. No último capítulo discorro sobre como viver e atuar no mundo segundo uma ética espiritual podem tornar-se finalidade de uma pedagogia para o Ser, pelo Ser e através do Ser. A meditação autobiográfica mostrou-se um caminho de grande potencial autoformativo. Além de facilitar a escrita, leva a um mergulho na história da própria vida, que é vista, sentida, sob a luz de uma consciência mais pura, sob a luz da superconsciência, é um caminho de aperfeiçoamento da meditação. Narrar e refletir sobre as experiências constituíram momentos de reapropriação da minha história, de mim mesma, da minha vida, da minha projetualidade como pessoa e como profissional. O processo de escrita estimulou a superação de limites pessoais relativos à baixa autoestima, negatividade, dificuldades de escrita e autodisciplina; proporcionado uma maior compreensão sobre a minha história formativa e pessoal, e o emergir de uma nova identidade e integração das diversas partes do meu ser.
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Karuppayah, Shankar [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser, Vern [Akademischer Betreuer] Paxson, Heiko [Akademischer Betreuer] Mantel, Patrick [Akademischer Betreuer] Eugster, and Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischlin. "Advanced monitoring in P2P botnets / Shankar Karuppayah. Betreuer: Max Mühlhäuser ; Vern Paxson ; Heiko Mantel ; Patrick Eugster ; Marc Fischlin." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112269568/34.
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Kesner, Lori Ann. "Krishna meets Pan Indian-Western fusion in two works for flute and harp by Ravi Shankar and John Mayer /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1154446863.
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Thesis (Dr. of Musical Arts)--University of Cincinnati, 2006.Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Oct.10, 2006). Includes abstract. Keywords: Ravi Shankar; John Mayer; Nava Rasa; Enchanted Dawn; L'aube enchantee Includes bibliographical references.
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KESNER, LORI ANN. "KRISHNA MEETS PAN: INDIAN-WESTERN FUSION IN TWO WORKS FOR FLUTE AND HARP BY RAVI SHANKAR AND JOHN MAYER." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1154446863.
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Stockill, Zachary Francis. ""Who wants tradition in the Beatle generation?" : Ravi Shankar, the Indian press, and the cultural politics of reception, 1966-68." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44404.
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During the 1960s, the new exposure of Hindustani classical music in Europe and America, and the increasing popularity of Ravi Shankar's music within the Western counter-culture was primarily inspired by the Indian sitarist's friendship with Beatles guitarist George Harrison. Aside from resulting in a much larger audience for Hindustani classical music in the West, this interaction also provoked criticism and scrutiny in Shankar's native India. In early 1968, the English-language newspaper coverage in India spanning the Beatles visit, and Ravi Shankar's return to his home country offered a valuable portrait of India in a moment of spiritual and cultural flux. Upon his return to Indian in 1968 following an extended stay in Europe and America, Ravi Shankar found himself at the centre of a debate concerning the rightful place of "tradition" in Hindustani classical music, and Indian culture more generally, with cultural critics engaged in a debate around the influence of the West in a rapidly modernizing nation. The self-appointed guardians of "tradition" associated with Hindustani classical music expressed a desire to keep the art form "pure" in the context of the Beatles and the Western counter-culture's new appreciation for, and consumption of the music as promoted by Ravi Shankar. At the same time, Indian intellectuals critical of the traditionalist viewpoint celebrated the Western counter-culture's embrace of Ravi Shankar as an artistically productive outcome of the globalization of Indian culture. This controversy demonstrates that in a nation in which colonialism was a fresh memory, some felt it essential to protect what was imagined as a purely indigenous tradition against the threat of new Western influence. Indians engaged in this debate were forced to negotiate new trends in global information flows with the ripple effects of the 1960s socio-cultural revolution in the West, along with ancient customs and venerated traditions that supported the narratives upon which the nation was founded.
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Iyer, Shankar [Verfasser], and Simon [Akademischer Betreuer] Ringgaard. "Transcriptional regulation by sigma factor phosphorylation controls polymyxin resistance and swarming behavior in Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Shankar Iyer ; Betreuer: Simon Ringgaard." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211086321/34.
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Iyer, Shankar Chandrashekar [Verfasser], and Simon [Akademischer Betreuer] Ringgaard. "Transcriptional regulation by sigma factor phosphorylation controls polymyxin resistance and swarming behavior in Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Shankar Iyer ; Betreuer: Simon Ringgaard." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211086321/34.
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Subramanian, Shiva Shankar [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Herkersdorf, Ulf [Gutachter] Schlichtmann, and Andreas [Gutachter] Herkersdorf. "Memory Efficient Signature Matching in Deep Packet Inspection Applications at Line Rates / Shiva Shankar Subramanian ; Gutachter: Ulf Schlichtmann, Andreas Herkersdorf ; Betreuer: Andreas Herkersdorf." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202921906/34.
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Mahato, Hari Shankar [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Böhm, and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Knabner. "Homogenization of a System of Nonlinear Multi-Species Diffusion-Reaction Equations in an H1,p Setting / Hari Shankar Mahato. Gutachter: Michael Böhm ; Peter Knabner. Betreuer: Michael Böhm." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1072077000/34.
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Rosan, Dante Bruno Avanso [UNESP]. "Investigação de mutações nos genes sinápticos SHANK2 e SHANK3 em Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127777.
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000844031.pdf: 1179682 bytes, checksum: 523919910a45d85bc6d02e781b6bcb24 (MD5)Os Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) são doenças neuropsiquiátricas complexas, com etiologia e manifestações clínicas muito variáveis. Tais manifestações são observadas antes dos três anos de vida. A prevalência é alta na população, com uma proporção de quatro homens afetados para cada mulher afetada. Em apenas 10-25% dos casos um fator etiológico é observado, genético ou ambiental, dependendo da composição da casuística e das técnicas laboratoriais utilizadas. Há descrições de centenas de genes e regiões genômicas associadas com a predisposição, por apresentarem mutações e variações no número de cópias (CNVs) e a maior parte tem expressão no sistema nervoso central, principalmente em sinapses. Entre os genes candidatos, se destacam o SHANK2 e o SHANK3, ainda não estudados em casuísticas brasileiras. No SHANK2, localizado em 11q13.2, já foram descritas mutações em sete de seus 25 éxons, enquanto no SHANK3, localizado em 22q13 e com 23 éxons, também há descrições de mutações em vários éxons, mas especialmente em três. Muitas mutações nestes dois genes foram observadas em autistas, mas não em indivíduos controles, o que sugere seu envolvimento na etiologia da doença. Este estudo investigou mutações nos éxons 11, 13 e 22 do gene SHANK2 e nos éxons 2, 6 e 22 do SHANK3, que são os mais frequentemente envolvidos nos achados em TEA. O estudo dos seis éxons foi realizado por sequenciamento direto, em 200 afetados e os resultados foram comparados a um banco de dados com os de 566 controles saudáveis. Onze alterações, seis no gene SHANK2, uma delas ainda não descrita, e cinco no gene SHANK3, todas não descritas anteriormente. Nenhum paciente apresentou mais de uma alteração em SHANK2 ou SHANK3, ou nos dois genes. Os resultados mostraram que mutações nos genes SHANK2 e SHANK3 são frequentes na população brasileira com TEA e estão relacionadas com a etiologia destas doenças...
The Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are complex neuropsychiatric diseases, with widely etiology and clinical manifestations. Such manifestations are observed before three years of life. The prevalence is high in the population, with a ratio of four affected men for each affected woman. In only 10-25% of cases an etiological factor is observed, genetic or environmental, depending of the composition of samples and laboratory techniques used. There are descriptions of hundreds of genes and genomic regions associated with predisposition, they present mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) and most have expression in the central nervous system, especially at synapses. Among the candidate genes, we highlight the SHANK2 and the SHANK3, not yet studied in Brazilian subjects. In SHANK2, located in 11q13.2, mutations have been described in seven of its 25 exons, while in SHANK3 located at 22q13 with 23 exons, there are descriptions of mutations in several exons, but especially three. Many mutations in these two genes were observed in autistic patients, but not in healthy controls, suggesting an involvement in the etiology of the disease. This study investigated mutations in exons 11, 13 and 22 of SHANK2 gene and exons 2, 6 and 22 of SHANK3, which are most often involved in ASD findings. The study of six exons was performed by direct sequencing, in 200 affected and the results were compared to a genome bank with 566 healthy controls. Eleven alterations were found, six on SHANK2 gene, one not yet described, and five in SHANK3 gene, all not previously described. No patient had more than one alteration in SHANK2 or SHANK3, or both genes. The results showed that mutations in SHANK2 and SHANK3 gene are frequent in the Brazilian population with ASD and are related to the etiology of these diseases. However, the clinical relevance of each of the alterations found should be investigated. This study may help...
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Rosan, Dante Bruno Avanso. "Investigação de mutações nos genes sinápticos SHANK2 e SHANK3 em transtornos do espectro do autismo /." São José do Rio Preto, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127777.
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Orientador: Agnes Cristina Fett-ConteBanca: Ana Elizabete Silva
Banca: Karina Griesi Oliveira
Resumo: Os Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) são doenças neuropsiquiátricas complexas, com etiologia e manifestações clínicas muito variáveis. Tais manifestações são observadas antes dos três anos de vida. A prevalência é alta na população, com uma proporção de quatro homens afetados para cada mulher afetada. Em apenas 10-25% dos casos um fator etiológico é observado, genético ou ambiental, dependendo da composição da casuística e das técnicas laboratoriais utilizadas. Há descrições de centenas de genes e regiões genômicas associadas com a predisposição, por apresentarem mutações e variações no número de cópias (CNVs) e a maior parte tem expressão no sistema nervoso central, principalmente em sinapses. Entre os genes candidatos, se destacam o SHANK2 e o SHANK3, ainda não estudados em casuísticas brasileiras. No SHANK2, localizado em 11q13.2, já foram descritas mutações em sete de seus 25 éxons, enquanto no SHANK3, localizado em 22q13 e com 23 éxons, também há descrições de mutações em vários éxons, mas especialmente em três. Muitas mutações nestes dois genes foram observadas em autistas, mas não em indivíduos controles, o que sugere seu envolvimento na etiologia da doença. Este estudo investigou mutações nos éxons 11, 13 e 22 do gene SHANK2 e nos éxons 2, 6 e 22 do SHANK3, que são os mais frequentemente envolvidos nos achados em TEA. O estudo dos seis éxons foi realizado por sequenciamento direto, em 200 afetados e os resultados foram comparados a um banco de dados com os de 566 controles saudáveis. Onze alterações, seis no gene SHANK2, uma delas ainda não descrita, e cinco no gene SHANK3, todas não descritas anteriormente. Nenhum paciente apresentou mais de uma alteração em SHANK2 ou SHANK3, ou nos dois genes. Os resultados mostraram que mutações nos genes SHANK2 e SHANK3 são frequentes na população brasileira com TEA e estão relacionadas com a etiologia destas doenças...
Abstract: The Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are complex neuropsychiatric diseases, with widely etiology and clinical manifestations. Such manifestations are observed before three years of life. The prevalence is high in the population, with a ratio of four affected men for each affected woman. In only 10-25% of cases an etiological factor is observed, genetic or environmental, depending of the composition of samples and laboratory techniques used. There are descriptions of hundreds of genes and genomic regions associated with predisposition, they present mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) and most have expression in the central nervous system, especially at synapses. Among the candidate genes, we highlight the SHANK2 and the SHANK3, not yet studied in Brazilian subjects. In SHANK2, located in 11q13.2, mutations have been described in seven of its 25 exons, while in SHANK3 located at 22q13 with 23 exons, there are descriptions of mutations in several exons, but especially three. Many mutations in these two genes were observed in autistic patients, but not in healthy controls, suggesting an involvement in the etiology of the disease. This study investigated mutations in exons 11, 13 and 22 of SHANK2 gene and exons 2, 6 and 22 of SHANK3, which are most often involved in ASD findings. The study of six exons was performed by direct sequencing, in 200 affected and the results were compared to a genome bank with 566 healthy controls. Eleven alterations were found, six on SHANK2 gene, one not yet described, and five in SHANK3 gene, all not previously described. No patient had more than one alteration in SHANK2 or SHANK3, or both genes. The results showed that mutations in SHANK2 and SHANK3 gene are frequent in the Brazilian population with ASD and are related to the etiology of these diseases. However, the clinical relevance of each of the alterations found should be investigated. This study may help...
Mestre
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Schaaff, Melissa [Verfasser]. "Morphologische Analyse dendritischer Spines in verschiedenen Hirnregionen von Shank2/Shank3-Mausmutanten mit Hilfe der Golgi-Färbetechnik / Melissa Schaaff." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149155302/34.
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Tenzin, Kencho. "Shankara a Hindu revivalist or a crypto-Buddhist? /." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11302006-094652/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Kathryn McClymond, committee chair; Jonathan Herman, Christopher White, committee members. Electronic text (70 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 20, 2007; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-61).
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McFarland, Neill A. "An examination of the pantheistic monism of Shankara and Radhakrishnan." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 1995. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Segger-Junius, Mailin. "Charakterisierung der dendritischen Lokalisierung der Shank1-mRNA." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969985665.
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Ha, Thang Long. "Behavioural ecology of grey-shanked douc monkeys in Vietnam." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252209.
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The grey-shanked douc monkey (Pygathrix cinerea) is an endemic primate to Vietnam found in 1997. The species is critically endangered with less than 1,000 individuals left in the wild. Research was conducted in Kon Ka Kinh National Park, Gia Lai Province Vietnam for 18 months. The monkeys were found in two forest types: (1) closed evergreen lower montane moist sub-tropical forest; (2) mixed broad-leaf and needle-leaf lower montane moist sub-tropical forest. Group size varied from 2 to 88 individuals; average group size was 14.8 individuals. There were four different social structures found in the encountered groups, including one-male unit (OMU), all-male unit (AMU), multi-male and multi-female group, and solitary group. Annual activity budget involved the monkeys spending the highest proportion of time resting (37.0%) and lowest feeding (11.9%). Seasonality significantly influenced the activity budget result, with increased resting and socialising in the wet season and decreased feeding and travelling. The emergent canopy layer and the main canopy layer in the forest are important for all activities. Trees in the height classes 15-19.9m were very important to the monkeys, since they involved more than 60% of feeding. Branches and boughs were used more often for resting and socialising, while twigs were used more often for feeding and travelling. The monkeys ate 49.5% young leaves, 21.9% ripe fruits, 19.1% unripe fruits and only 9.3% mature leaves. 166 plant species of 40 plant families were identified as foods of the monkeys. The monkeys ate mostly young leaves in the dry season (82%), but switched to fruits (~70%) in the wet season.
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Mei, Yuan (Yuan Karen). "Critical window in autism : a study on Shank3." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106438.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, February 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 134-157).
Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are clinically defined by the symptoms of social impairment and repetitive behavior, affecting 1 in 68 children in the United States. Because patients with ASDs typically display symptoms before the age of three, the ASDs are classically categorized as developmental disorders. One of the key questions in autism research is whether the pathology is reversible in adults. Many studies of simple sensory systems have reported that there is a distinct critical period for synaptic plasticity. This is most famously supported by the monocular deprivation studies in young kittens, which resulted in irreversible visual impairment in adulthood (Hubel and Wiesel, 1970). However, it is not clear whether this principle extends to more complicated multi-modal behavioral systems. Here we demonstrate that adult rescue can lead to improvements in selective phenotypes of ASD by generating and using a novel Shank3 conditional knock-in mouse model. Estimated to contribute to about 1% of all ASD cases, Shank3 is one of the most prominent genes associated with autism. It is a master postsynaptic scaffolding protein that mediates synaptic plasticity and remodeling by regulating many neurotransmitter receptors including NMDAR, AMPAR, and numerous actin-binding regulators. Disruptions of Shank3 in mouse models have robustly recapitulated the cardinal phenotypes of autism including anxiety, social interaction deficits, and compulsive/stereotyped behavior. By specifically expressing Shank3 in adult mice that were initially born as Shank3 knockouts, we show that deficits in the synaptic protein composition and striatal neurotransmission can be fully recovered. We developed a novel neuronal tracing technique to study the dendritic spine density, and found that the dendritic spine number is also significantly increased in the rescue condition after development. In addition, we show that while anxiety and motor coordination are not improved, social interaction and repetitive behavior can be significantly rescued. This suggests that plasticity for certain neural circuits persist into adulthood in the diseased brain, and that the underlying mechanisms for different autistic-like phenotypes have distinct properties.
by Yuan (Karen) Mei.
Ph. D.
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Kan, Ho Man. "The novel synaptic scaffold protein--SHANK /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BICH%202002%20KAN.
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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-91). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Fu, Poshek. "Passivity, resistance and collaboration : intellectual choices in occupied Shangai 1937-1945 /." Stanford (Calif.) : Stanford university press, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377076524.
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Wang, Ju. "Prospérité et déclin de l'industrie cotonnière nationale de Shangai (1945-1949)." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0042.
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Les années de 1945 à 1949 marquent une période de double transition en Chine : d'abord le passage de l'occupation japonaise à la domination du Guomindang, ensuite l'échec de ce dernier qui aboutit à la victoire du Parti Communiste. Pendant cette époque, le capital étranger cesse pour la première fois de concurrencer le capital chinois dans l'industrie cotonnière, et l'on voit se créer un grand groupe d'état qui va entrer en concurrence avec les filatures privées. Avec des fonds accumulés à l'époque de l' " ilot isolé " (1937-1941) et profitant de conditions économiques favorables, les filatures privées de Shanghai retrouvent un nouvel "âge d'or". Développant leur production, elles réalisent d'importants profits. Mais cette prospérité ne va durer qu'un peu plus de deux ans. Car le gouvernement, pour faire face à la guerre civile et à une inflation galopante, rétablit une politique de contrôle, qui sera de plus en plus contraignante. Cette politique entraine une fuite importante des capitaux des filateurs privés vers l'étranger et la constitution de caisses noires. Leurs rapports avec l'état et les entreprises publiques deviennent de plus en plus complexes, allant de la collaboration à la confrontation en passant par toutes sortes d'accomodements. Le secteur public est de son côté soumis à une forte intervention étatique. Devenu à la fois un organisme de contrôle gouvernemental et un entrepôt de produits cotonniers, il ne peut fonctionner comme une entreprise normale. Pendant quatre ans, le Guomindang pratique une politique économique à la fois rigide et inadaptée qui pousse la bourgeoisie dans les bras de l'opposition et voit un certain nombre de technocrates se détacher du secteur public. Toutefois, il faut constater que c'est à cette époque que sont nées les premières entreprises publiques de l'industrie légèreThe years 1945 to 1949 represent a time of double transition in china : first the transition from japanese occupation to guomindang's rule, second the civil war and guomindang's defeat which leads to the victory of the communist party. During that period and for the first time, foreign interests are no more in competition with chinese investments, as far as the cotton industry is concerned. An important state-owned group is created, which will compete with the private cotton mills. Funds gathered during the time of "isolated island" (1937-1941) and favorable economic conditions enable the shanghai private cotton mills to enjoy a new "golden age", which will however last no more than two years, as the government takes constraining measures in order to meet the civil war needs and a galloping inflation. Private funds then escape to foreign countries or go illicit. Relations between private companies and state-owned ones become complex, extending from collaboration to confrontation, through all sorts of arrangements. The public sector is altogether a means of state control and a warehouse for cotton products ; submitted to a strong state intervention, it cannot work properly. During these four years, the guomindang economic policy is both rigid and inadequate. As a result, the bourgeoisie will look towards the opposition parties and a certain number of technocrats will leave the public sector. But it is also a time when the first public companies were born in the field of light industry
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Chen, Xianda, and Xiaodi Chen. "How to Improve Customer Satisfaction Leading to Pay for Premium Service-Shanbay." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355134.
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With the increasing number of people studying online, self-aid learning platforms which help customers（users）study by themselves are more and more prevalent in China. Self-aid online learning is a relatively innovative field which has not been widely and thoroughly researched. This paper used Shanbay which is one of the largest self-aid English learning platforms in China as an example to investigate what and how factors influence customer satisfaction leading to their (re)purchase intention. Based on the previous models and empirical studies of some related fields, this paper outlined a new framework and generated eight propositions to explore these two research questions. Both free users and premium users of Shanbay were interviewed to gather the research material, and the data got from the interview were analyzed to develop the propositions. This paper found that positive service experience can facilitate customer satisfaction from their perceived utilitarian value and hedonic value. Among the proposed five factors influencing the two values, perceived usefulness was considered as the most important factor while perceived playfulness was the least one. What’ more, the relationship between customer satisfaction and (re)purchase intention was suggested to be positive in this paper.
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Minnick, Susan L. "A shanda fur de Yehudim : Jewishness in network sitcom television /." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1422462.
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Kübler, Angelika [Verfasser]. "Characterization of the ProSAP1/Shank2 knock-out mouse / Angelika Kübler." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1226855105/34.
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Wang, Jixian, and 王緝憲. "Optimization of coal transportation in planned development: a case study of Shanxi, China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208411.
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Cheung, Tak-ching Neky. "A comparative study of the pure land teachings of Shandao (613-681) and Shinran (1173-1262)." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425507.
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Shah-Kazemi, Reza. "Transcendent experience or the transcendence of experience? An analysis of transcendent realization in Shankara, Ibn Arabi and Meister Eckhart." Thesis, University of Kent, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385601.
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Durand, Christelle. "Etudes génétiques des protéines synaptiques dans l'autisme : implication du gène SHANK3." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077125.
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L'autisme est caractérisé par un déficit de l'interaction sociale réciproque, un déficit qualitatif de la communication verbale et non verbale, et un répertoire de comportements restreints, répétitifs et stéréotypés. Ces troubles apparaissent chez l'enfant avant l'âge de trois ans et affectent environ un enfant sur 166. Les premières mutations associées à l'autisme idiopathique et au syndrome d'Asperger ont été identifiées dans les gènes NLGN3 et NLGN4 qui codent des protéines synaptiques. Dans la continuité de ces études, mon travail de thèse a porté sur plusieurs gènes qui codent des protéines impliquées dans la mise en place et la physiologie des synapses : les PCDHX et Y (molécules d'adhésion cellulaire), SHANK3 et la sous-unité GluR6 du récepteur ionotropique au glutamate. Les résultats les plus intéressants ont été obtenus sur le gène SHANK3, qui code une protéine cruciale dans la densité post-synaptique interagissant avec les Neuroligines. L'étude de ce gène, localisé dans la région 22q13. 3 a permis l'identification de plusieurs variations chez des enfants atteints d'autisme : une délétion de novo, l'insertion de novo d'une guanine, observée chez deux enfants atteints d'autisme, qui décale le cadre de lecture, une délétion 22q13 chez une fille atteinte d'autisme et une duplication chez son frère présentant un syndrome d'Asperger, et différentes variations ponctuelles. Ainsi, ces résultats génétiques témoignent, pour la première fois, du rôle majeur du gène SHANK3 dans le phénotype neurologique des délétions 22q13. Ils soulignent également l'importance de la voie synaptique comprenant les Neuroligines, les Neurexines et SHANK3 dans l'étiologie de l'autismeAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect at least 1/200 individuals and are characterized by impairments in communication skills and social interactions, as well as restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior. The first mutations were described in autism in two genes NLGN3 and NLGN4. Neuroligins (NLGN) are located at the postsynaptic side of the synapse and bind to other cell adhesion molecules called neurexins located on the pre-synaptic side of the synapse. On the bases of these results, the aim of my work was to identify new genes in this pathway. I worked on three genes, which encoded synaptic proteins: PCDHX and Y (cell adhesion molecules), SHANK3, and the Glutamate Receptor lonotropic Kainate 2 gene (GRIK2). The main results were obtained on SHANK3, a major scaffolding protein of the postsynaptic density (PSD), which interacts with Neuroligins. During this study, I identified many variations in patients with ASD : a de novo deletion in a child with autism ; a de novo insertion of a guanine nucleotide in two brothers with autism, which creates a putative truncated protein ; and a terminal 22q deletion in one girl referred for a severe language delay and a 22qter partial trisomy in her brother with Asperger syndrome who presented a fluent language. These results demonstrate major role of SHANK3 in the 22q13. 3 microdeletion syndrome characterized by neonatal hypotonia, absent to severely delayed speech, and autistic features. And they shed light on one synaptic pathway, sensitive to gene dosage, and associated to ASD involving NLGN, NRXN and SHANK3
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Hong, Wansheng. "Li Shanlan the impact of Western mathematics in China during the late 19th century /." online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1991. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9130325.
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Zhao, Xiaohuan. "From Shanhai Jing to Liaozhai Zhiyi : towards a morphology of classical Chinese supernatural fiction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27739.
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The present research is an attempt at a morphological analysis of classical Chinese supernatural fiction known as zhiguai under the theoretical framework designed by Vladimir Propp and later developed by Alan Dundes. As to the study of Chinese zhiguai tales, mountains of work has been done, but research is usually confined either to exploration into the geographical-historical sources of these tales or to the recognition and reconstruction of society in ancient China. It is therefore believed that a systematic study of zhiguai literature from a linguistics-oriented structuralfunctional perspective will shed light on the rules governing the textual organisation of classical Chinese fiction of the supernatural and strange. This thesis will be divided into two parts with the first one aiming at a diachronic survey of zhiguai literature. In this section, the origins of this genre and its development through dynasties in traditional China will be explored with attention focused on an evidential and thematic study of zhiguai works most influential and representative of the time and of the author as well. Part Two, which will start with a review of Propp's morphological method and model, is devoted to a synchronic study of Chinese zhiguai fiction from a Proppian perspective. For each tale text selected for morphological analysis, functions will be identified, and a linear functional scheme presented, and described in terms of the sequence of functions and the distribution of functions among dramatis personae. All the structural and functional traits will be tabulated, discussed and, where possible and necessary, compared. Finally, based on a data analysis, a conclusion will be made on morphological features and structural patterns of classical Chinese fiction of the supernatural and strange. Fifty zhiguai tales will be selected for analysis from ancient zhushu (commentaries), leishu (categorised books), congshu (collectanea), or authoritative modern editions of works of supernatural fiction in classical Chinese. In the course of selection, priority has been given to those about other/supernatural beings or mortals with supernatural power as classified by Aarne as "Tales of magic" in conformity with Propp's corpus of Russian fairy tales in Morphology ofthe Folktale.
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Reim, Dominik [Verfasser]. "Synaptic pathways related to Shank3 and its interaction partner ProSAPiP1 / Dominik Reim." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1130246531/34.
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Rudbratt, Filip, and Martin Wretlind. "Production and processability for future square shank tool holders." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69147.
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The square shank tool holder is one of Sandvik Coromants most common products. The tool holder has been manufactured the same way for 25 years without changing tolerances. However, it is predicted that tighter tolerances will be required in the future to maintain competitiveness. The purpose of the thesis was to study how today's square shank tool holders can be made straighter and to what price it can be done. The tolerances allow too much convexity and concavity which might lead to unstable products. To find where in the current production flow the greatest impact occurs, the production flow was studied and then a common square shank tool holder with high production volume was followed through the production flow. The tool holders were measured with a CMM after each station and analysis showed that the hardening station has the largest impact on the tolerances. This lead to six experiments using different manufacturing methods and the results were compared to see what production flow that allowed the best tolerances and lowest cost. The results lead to two optional ways of manufacturing since they showed better results with a production economic perspective. Option 1 includes manufacturing in hardened material and Option 2 includes a grinding process. The production flow for Option 1 is to first harden the blank followed by the manufacturing processes. By moving the hardening processes to the beginning of the production flow, the shape changing is prevented and the final product becomes straighter and obtains a smooth and aesthetic surface since the hardening process creates a rough surface. The production time is increased by CON% and the production cost is increased by CON%. The bottom side flatness tolerance of the final product is reduced by CON%. The production flow for Option 2 is to first manufacture the shank followed by hardening. After the hardening process the tools get surface grounded on the bottom side and the outside. By grinding the tool holder, it becomes straight and the surface flatness obtains a tolerance of CON mm. The production time is increased by CON% and the production cost is increased by CON%. The bottom surface flatness tolerance of the final product is reduced by CON%. The advantages of Option 1 are that the final product becomes better and it is easy to apply in the current production flow. The advantages of Option 2 the surface becomes very flat and the tool holder is more competitive. By choosing any of these two options, Sandvik Coromant will achieve a straighter and more competitive final product.
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Karadka, Shankara Girish [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Grunze. "Sulfur containing biologically responsive polymers synthesized via thiol-yne/ene and thiol-epoxide ring opening polymerization / Girish Karadka Shankara ; Betreuer: Michael Grunze." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1180985354/34.
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Iglauer, Peter. "Transport und Translation der dendritisch lokalisierten shank1-mRNA in Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97874425X.
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Leblond, Claire. "Shank2 : un nouveau gène impliqué dans la vulnérabilité des troubles du spectre autistique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077215.
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Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) sont caractérisés par des déficits de la communication sociale, de; anomalies du langage, et des comportements, restreints, répétitifs et stéréotypés. Suite à la découverte de deux délétions altérant le gène SHANK2 par le consortium « Autism Génome Project », nous avons identifié une nouvelle délétion de novo de 421 kb chez un patient souffrant d'autisme. Nous avons ensuite séquence le gène SHANK2 ; et nos résultats combinés avec ceux rapportés par Berkel et collaborateurs (n^396 patients et n=659 témoins) ont mis en évidence un enrichissement significatif de variants affectant des acides aminés conservés dans les protéines SHANK chez 3,4% patients et chez 1,5% témoins (P=0,004). Dans des cultures de neurones de rat, les variants identifiés chez les patients, ont été associés à une diminution de la densité synaptique au niveau des dendrites par rapport aux variants détectés uniquement chez les témoins (p=0,0013). De façon intéressante, les trois patients porteurs des délétions de novo altérant le gène SHANK2 présentaient également des CNVs hérités de la région 15qll-ql3 précédemment associés à des troubles neuropsychiatriques. Deux des patients présentaient une duplication du récepteur nicotinique alpha 7 (CHRNA7) et le troisième patient présentait une délétion d'un répresseur de la traduction synaptique (CYFIP1). Ces résultats renforcent le rôle des gènes synaptiques dans les TSA, mais aussi soulignent la présence de gènes modificateurs putatifs e suggèrent un « multiple hit model » dans les TSA. Une meilleure connaissance de ces interactions génétique est nécessaire pour comprendre le mode de transmission complexe des TSAAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by deficits in social communication, absence or delay in language, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. While many rare variants in synaptic proteins have been identified in patients with ASD, little is known about their effects at the synapse and their interactions wit other genetic variations. Following the discovery of two de novo SHANK2 deletions by the Autism Genom Project, we identified a novel 421 kb de novo SHANK2 deletion in a patient with autism. We then sequence SHANK2 in 455 patients with ASD and 431 controls and integrated these results with those reported by Berke et al. 2010 (n=396 patients and n=659 controls). We observed a significant enrichment of variants affecting conserved amino acids in 29 out of 851 patients (3. 4%) and in 16 out of 1090 controls (1. 5%) (P=0. 00 OR=2. 37, 95% CI=1. 23-4. 70). In neuronal cell cultures, the variants identified in patients were associated wit a reduced synaptic density at dendrites compared to the variants only detected in controls (P=0. 0013 interestingly, the three patients with de novo SHANK2 deletions also carried inherited CNVs at 15qll-ql previously associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. In two cases, the nicotinic receptor CHRNA7 was duplicated and in one case the synaptic translation repressor CYFIP1 was deleted. These results strengthen the role of synaptic gene dysfunction in ASD but also highlight the presence of putative modifier genes, which is in keeping with the "multiple hit model" for ASD. A better knowledge of these genetic interactions will necessary to understand the complex inheritance pattern of ASD
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Cheung, Tak-ching Neky, and 張德貞. "A comparative study of the pure land teachings of Shandao (613-681) and Shinran (1173-1262)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952951.
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Wegener, Stephanie [Verfasser]. "A role for the postsynaptic scaffold protein ProSAP1/Shank2 in synaptic maturation / Stephanie Wegener." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1041874340/34.
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Golew, Tatjana [Verfasser]. "Expression synaptischer Proteine in Atomoxetin behandelten Wildtypmäusen und ProSAP1/Shank2-Knockout-Mäusen / Tatjana Golew." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216564213/34.
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Shanks, Brendan [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter. "Essays on policy evaluation: from experiments to machine learning / Brendan Shanks ; Betreuer: Joachim Winter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240145322/34.
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Langlais, Elena. "L'aurore aux doigts de santal : poétique comparée des modernités épiques en Inde et en France." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100146/document.
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D'après plusieurs théoriciens (Lukàcs, Bakhtine, Hegel), l'épopée est incompatible avec la modernité. Pourtant, les conceptions récentes du genre laissent apparaître la possibilité d'une modernité épique. L'épopée subit néanmoins un certain nombre de transformations, conséquentes à l'évolution des mentalités. L'Inde de la fin du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle offre un terreau idéal au surgissement d'une modernité épique, puisque les auteurs sont confrontés aux bouleversements de la colonisation. Ils sont pris entre l'appartenance à une double culture (Aurobindo, Dutt), et l'affirmation de la culture indienne, bouleversée par la colonisation. Une véritable modernité indienne fait en outre son apparition à cette époque. Façonnée par l'influence occidentale, elle comporte ses propres caractéristiques, nées du contexte colonial et de la culture indienne. Il s'agit donc de comparer la modernité épique indienne avec la modernité épique française de la fin du XIXe siècle. Le Poème de l'Assassinat de Meghanāda de Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1861), Kāmāyanī de Jayśankar Prasād (1936), Savitri de Sri Aurobindo (1950) permettent de saisir différents états de cette modernité. La comparaison avec La Légende des siècles de Victor Hugo fait apparaître des spécificités indiennes, mais aussi des traits communs, afin de dégager les caractéristiques de la modernité épique de l'époque. Un véritable dialogue entre la dimension communautaire de l'épopée d'un côté, l'aspiration à l'universalité et l'introduction d'une subjectivité moderne de l'autre, émerge. La modernité transforme les figures héroïques, les rapports au groupe ou à l'espace, ainsi que la représentation du temps et de l'HistoireAccording to some scholars (Lukàcs, Bakhtine, Hegel), an epic can't be written in the modernity. Nevertheless, the recent conceptions of the genre make appear that an epic modernity is possible. They imply however that the epic undergo some changes, because of the evolution of mentalities. At the end of the XIXth Century and at the beginning of the XXth Century, India becomes an ideal field for modern epic, because the authors go through the transformations caused by colonialism. They experience the dilemma between a double culture (Aurobindo, Dutt) and the need to assert the Indian culture, undermined by colonialism. Besides, an Indian modernity appears in the meantime. Formed by the Occidental modernity, it has its own characteristics, caused by the colonial context and by the Indian culture. Our purpose is to compare the Indian epic modernity with the French epic modernity. The study The Slaying of Meghanāda by Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1861), Kāmāyanī by Jayśankar Prasād (1936), Savitri by Sri Aurobindo (1950) has allowed us to show different aspects of this modernity. By comparing these poems with La Légende des siècles by Victor Hugo, the Indian specificities appear, as do some similarities. There is a dialogue between the collective nature of the epic on the one side, the impulse to universality and the assertion of a modern subjectivity on the other side. Modernity transforms heroes, the representation of groups, of space, of time and of History
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Reinelt, Claudia [Verfasser]. "Morphologische Analyse synaptischer Kontakte im Cerebellum von Shank-Mausmutanten / Claudia Reinelt." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137946482/34.
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Mett, Constantin [Verfasser]. "Investigation of synaptic ultrastructure in ProSAP/Shank mutant mice / Constantin Mett." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124902546/34.
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Darville, Hélène. "Utilisation des cellules souches pluripotentes pour la recherche et la validation de composés thérapeutiques pour les formes génétiques d'autisme liées à SHANK3." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLE012/document.
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Objectifs : Le gène SHANK3 code pour une protéine dite d’« échafaudage » localisée dans les synapses des neurones glutamatergiques. Elle est nécessaire au bon assemblage des protéines de la densité postsynaptique et est cruciale pour une transmission synaptique efficace. Des anomalies génétiques conduisant à la diminution de la protéine SHANK3 sont impliquées dans plusieurs maladies psychiatriques, incluant des formes génétiques de troubles du spectre autistique ainsi que la schizophrénie. Les mutations étant hétérozygotes, il serait théoriquement possible d’augmenter l’expression de la protéine SHANK3 en augmentant la transcription de l’allèle sain par des traitements chimiques. Cependant, la régulation transcriptionnelle du gène SHANK3 est très peu connue dans les neurones humains par manque de modèles cellulaires pertinents. L’objectif de mon travail de thèse a été de tirer avantage des propriétés d’autorenouvellement et de pluripotence des cellules souches pluripotentes humaines (Human Pluripotent Stem Cells, hPSC) pour produire une grande quantité de neurones humains glutamatergiques in vitro puis de les utiliser comme ressource cellulaire pour développer une technique de criblage à haut débit afin d’identifier des modulateurs de la transcription du gène SHANK3. Résultats : Des précurseurs neuronaux ont été dérivés à partir d’une lignée de cellules souches embryonnaires humaines (SA001, 46 XY, Cellartis, Suède) puis différenciés pendant 14 jours, dans des plaques 384 puits, afin d’obtenir une population composée d’au moins 70 % de neurones corticaux glutamatergiques. Une méthode à haut débit automatisée et miniaturisée basée sur la technique FastLane (Qiagen) a été développée pour extraire les ARNm directement à partir des plaques 384 puits. Les variations d’ARNm de SHANK3 induites par les différents traitements ont ensuite été quantifiées par qPCR Taqman en duplex, en normalisant avec le gène de ménage Cyclophiline A, et en rapportant aux niveaux d’ARNm de neurones non traités (Méthode de 2-ΔΔCt). Un criblage sur 205 composés, incluant des inhibiteurs de kinase, des régulateurs épigénétiques et des médicaments repositionnables, a été réalisé et 28 hits augmentant de plus de 30 % l’ARNm de SHANK3 ont été découverts. Seize composés ont été confirmés par des expériences de dose réponses sur l’ARNm de SHANK3. Des expériences d’immunofluorescence par imagerie à haut contenu ont confirmées que 4 composés augmentaient de façon significative les niveaux de la protéine SHANK3 dans le réseau neuritique, incluant des inhibiteurs de la kinase cycline dépendante 5 (Cdk5) avec la roscovitine et le lithium (régulateur d’humeur), l’antiépileptique acide valproïque et l’antipsychotique fluoxétine. Des mesures fonctionnelles de flux calcique ont validé l’effet du lithium et de l’acide valproïque sur la force synaptique glutamatergique. Enfin, le potentiel de ces composés a également été exploré sur des neurones différenciés à partir de cellules souches induites à la pluripotence (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, iPSC) d’individus autistes portant une mutation sur le gène SHANK3. Conclusion : Cette étude démontre qu’il est possible d’identifier des voies de régulation de protéines clés synaptiques, comme SHANK3, par méthode de criblage à haut débit en utilisant des neurones humains dérivés d’hPSC, incluant des neurones représentatifs d’individus autistes avec la technologie iPSC. Cette nouvelle approche devrait permettre une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires responsable de l’autisme et la découverte de nouveaux composés thérapeutiques, personnalisables à de sous-groupes de sujets autistes classifiés en fonction du gène ou de la voie de signalisation à corriger plutôt qu’en fonction de leurs symptômes cliniques hétérogènesAims: The SHANK3 gene codes for a scaffold protein located in synapses of glutamatergic neurons. It plays a crucial role in the postsynaptic density assembly and in controlling glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Genetic anomalies leading to a decrease in SHANK3 protein expression are implicated in several psychiatric conditions, including genetic forms of autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. Mutations being heterozygous, treatments that increase SHANK3 protein through transcriptional regulation may be therapeutically useful. However, little is known about SHANK3 gene transcriptional regulation in human neurons because of the lack of a relevant cellular model. Here I took advantage of the self-renewing and pluripotency properties of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) to produce a large amount of human glutamatergic neurons in vitro and use them as a cellular resource to develop a large-scale screening strategy to identify SHANK3 gene transcription modulators. Results: Neuronal precursors were differentiated from one human embryonic stem cell line (SA001, 46 XY, Cellartis, Sweden). Cultures containing more than 70% of neurons with a cortical glutamatergic phenotype were reproducibly obtained in 384-well plates upon 14 days of precursor differentiation. Automated and high-throughput mRNA extraction was performed using Fastlane technology (Qiagen) in 384-well plates. SHANK3 mRNA levels were quantified using duplex Taqman qPCR, normalized to Cyclophilin A mRNA levels, then to SHANK3 mRNA levels of vehicle-treated cells in order to determine SHANK3 mRNA variations induced by the compound treatment (2-ΔΔCt method). A screening assay was conducted on 205 compounds, including kinase inhibitors, epigenetic regulators and repositionable marketed drugs, and 28 compounds successfully passed the hit selection criteria yielding SHANK3 mRNA increases of at least 30% from mean control values with a statistical cut-off of 2 standard deviation. Sixteen compounds were confirmed by dose-response experiments on SHANK3 mRNA. Further immunofluorescence studies using high content imaging confirmed that 4 compounds increased levels of SHANK3 protein in the neuritic network. Thus, this screening identified as SHANK3 regulators 2 Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) inhibitors the lead molecule, roscovitine and the mood regulator, lithium; the antiepileptic drug valproïc acid and the antipsychotic fluoxetine. In addition, functional calcium flux experiments validated lithium and valproïc acid effect on glutamatergic synaptic strength. Finally, the compounds were also tested on neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of autistic patients bearing SHANK3 mutation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that cellular pathways regulating a key synaptic protein, SHANK3, can be explored on a large scale using hPSC-derived neurons, including autistic individuals neurons using iPSC technology. This approach should help improving knowledge of the molecular mechanisms responsible of autism and promote the discovery of new therapeutic compounds, personalized to autistic subgroups of individuals stratified according to gene or pathway dysfunction rather than according to clinical heterogeneous symptoms