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Journal articles on the topic 'Shannon Development'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Ginsburg, Norton. "Shannon McCune 1913–1993." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 84, no. 3 (September 1994): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1994.tb01872.x.

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2

Hostetter, T. H., and T. W. Meyer. "The development of clearance methods for measurement of glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 287, no. 5 (November 2004): F868—F870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/classicessays.00009.2004.

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This essay looks at the historical significance of four APS classic papers that are freely available online: Jolliffe N, Shannon JA, and Smith HW. The excretion of urine in the dog. III. The use of non-metabolized sugars in the measurement of the glomerular filtrate. Am J Physiol 100: 301—312, 1932 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/100/2/301 ). Shannon JA. The excretion of inulin by the dog. Am J Physiol 112: 405—413, 1935 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/112/3/405 ). Shannon JA and Fisher S. The renal tubular reabsorption of glucose in the normal dog. Am J Physiol 122: 765—774, 1938 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/122/3/765 ). Shannon JA, Farber S, and Troast L. The measurement of glucose Tm in the normal dog. Am J Physiol 133: 752—761, 1941 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/133/3/752 ).
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3

Karagiannis, Roxani, and Giannis Karagiannis. "Constructing composite indicators with Shannon entropy: The case of Human Development Index." Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 70 (June 2020): 100701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2019.03.007.

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4

Roy, J. R. "An Alternative Information Theory Approach for Modelling Spatial Interaction." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 19, no. 3 (March 1987): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a190385.

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In the use of information theory for the development of forecasting models, two alternative approaches can be used, based either on Shannon entropy or on Kullback information gain. In this paper, a new approach is presented, which combines the usually superior statistical inference powers of the Kullback procedure with the advantages of the availability of calibrated ‘elasticity’ parameters in the Shannon approach. Situations are discussed where the combined approach is preferable to either of the two existing procedures, and the principles are illustrated with the help of a small numerical example.
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5

Delaney, Gerard. "Electronics Multinationals in the Cork Region and Limerick/Shannon." Irish Geography 21, no. 2 (July 1988): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00750778809478795.

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6

Kilroy, Garrett, Catherine Coxon, Jim Ryan, Áine O’Connor, and Donal Daly. "Groundwater and wetland management in the Shannon river basin (Ireland)." Environmental Science & Policy 8, no. 3 (June 2005): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2005.03.001.

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7

Newman, James L. "On “The Origin and Diffusion of AIDS'’by Shannon and Pyle." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 80, no. 2 (June 1990): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1990.tb00296.x.

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8

Sommer, Ulrike. "Which crisis?" Archaeological Dialogues 16, no. 2 (November 5, 2009): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203809990122.

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When I was asked to comment on Shannon Dawdy's position paper entitled ‘Millennial archaeology. Locating the discipline in the age of insecurity’ I must admit that I was, even with the give-away ‘millennium’ of the title, thinking of the current economic crisis, the ‘credit crunch’ as it is known in Britain. Shannon Dawdy seems to describe a much more specific American crisis – the realization that the United States are not somehow outside history, that they can be hit on their home ground and that their political and military hegemony is contested (and if you detect a certain European smugness there, you are probably right).
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9

Nienartowicz, Andrzej. "A method of describing the development and state of a plant community." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 57, no. 3 (2014): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1988.037.

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The Shannon-Wiener formula was modified in such a way as to include, apart from total diversity, also the total volume of the biotical resources of a plant community, i.e. the amount of accumulated biomass or total production. This was used to describe forest regeneration after clear-cutting. The state of each successional stage was evaluated by comparing its structure with the model of mature community belonging to plant association sensu Braun-Blanquet, which is a system with a structure corresponding to the equifinal state.
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10

Suleimanov, B. A., and N. I. Guseinova. "Analyzing the State of Oil Field Development Based on the Fisher and Shannon Information Measures." Automation and Remote Control 80, no. 5 (May 2019): 882–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0005117919050072.

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11

Zhang, Ming Li. "Analysis on Herter-Organizing of Airport Industry Cluster Based on the System Dynamics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 6610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.6610.

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The formation of the network organization is an important stage in the development of industrial clusters. Application of system dynamics analysis and combined with the successful typical case, taking Shannon Airport Free Zone for an example, analyzed its hetero-organization characteristics and mechanism.
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12

Bílek, L., J. Remeš, O. Švec, and D. Zahradník. "On the way to continuous cover forest at middle elevations – the question of forest structure and specific site characteristics." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 10 (November 29, 2013): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/57/2013-jfs.

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The transformation process of even-aged forest stands to irregular forest stands on waterlogged sites after 20 years effort was analysed. Data from two 1-ha PRP was analysed with special focus on structural (Shannon Evenness Index, Simpson Index and Gini Index) and species (Shannon Evenness Index and Simpson Index) diversity. Different development on study plots confirmed that the highest structural diversity is not often compatible with the concept of species diversity. On PRP 1 high diameter differentiation has led to lower values of species diversity, while on PRP 2 rather moderate diameter differentiation supported higher species diversity in lower DBH classes. The Gini Index was confirmed to be the best indicator for monitoring the diameter differentiation in the course of stand transformation.
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13

Boerboom, Terrence J., and Robert E. Zartman. "Geology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the central Giants Range batholith, northeastern Minnesota." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 12 (December 1, 1993): 2510–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-217.

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The Giants Range batholith is a large composite granitoid body that intrudes deformed supracrustal rocks in the western part of the Wawa Subprovince of the Archean Superior Province. Peak fabric development in the supracrustal rocks coincides with D2 deformation, the product of regional transpression across the southern Superior Province. U–Pb zircon ages on two phases of the Giants Range batholith bracket D2 deformation to an interval between 2685 and 2669 Ma. Two well-exposed components of the central part of the Giants Range batholith are the pre- to syn-D2 Britt granodiorite, which contains a linear D2 metamorphic fabric, and the syn- to post-D2 Shannon Lake granite, which cuts deformation fabrics in the Britt granodiorite and the supracrustal rocks. Geochemical discrimination plots imply emplacement of the Britt granodiorite in an arc environment and the Shannon Lake granite in a collision setting. Zircons yield U–Pb ages of 2681 ± 4 and 2685 ± 4 Ma for the Britt granodiorite and 2674 ± 5 and 2674 ± 27 Ma for the Shannon Lake granite. Timing of D2 deformation near the Giants Range batholith corresponds well with similar rocks exposed along strike 170 km to the east near Shebandowan Lake, Ontario, where the end of D2 deformation has been bracketed between 2692 and 2681 Ma. The slightly younger ages for D2 deformation in Minnesota reflect later volcanic-arc development and associated plutonism than at Shebandowan Lake, possibly due to oblique convergence along a westward-migrating tectonic front.
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14

Vyas, Jitendra Kumar, Muthiah Perumal, and Tommaso Moramarco. "Discharge Estimation Using Tsallis and Shannon Entropy Theory in Natural Channels." Water 12, no. 6 (June 23, 2020): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061786.

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Streamflow measurements during high floods is a challenge for which the World Meteorological Organization fosters the development of innovative technologies for achieving an accurate estimation of the discharge. The use of non-contact sensors for monitoring surface flow velocities is of interest to turn these observed values into a cross-sectional mean flow velocity, and subsequently, into discharge if bathymetry is given. In this context, several techniques are available for the estimation of mean flow velocity, starting from observed surface velocities. Among them, the entropy-based methodology for river discharge assessment is often applied by leveraging the theoretical entropic principles of Shannon and Tsallis, both of which link the maximum flow velocity measured at a vertical of the flow area, named the y-axis, and the cross-sectional mean flow velocity at a river site. This study investigates the performance of the two different entropic approaches in estimating the mean flow velocity, starting from the maximum surface flow velocity sampled at the y-axis. A velocity dataset consisting of 70 events of measurements collected at two gauged stations with different geometric and hydraulic characteristics on the Po and Tiber Rivers in Italy was used for the analysis. The comparative evaluation of the velocity distribution observed at the y-axis of all 70 events of measurement was closely reproduced using both the Shannon and Tsallis entropy approaches. Accurate values in terms of the cross-sectional mean flow velocity and discharge were obtained with average errors not exceeding 10%, demonstrating that the Shannon and Tsallis entropy concepts were equally efficient for discharge estimation in any flow conditions.
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15

CRAWFORD, SALLY. "Youth and Age in the Medieval North - Edited by Shannon Lewis-Simpson." Early Medieval Europe 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2010): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0254.2009.00292_15.x.

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16

Čop, Jure, and Klemen Eler. "Effect of fertiliser application and cutting regime on temporal differentiation of mesic semi-natural grassland vegetation." Italian Journal of Agronomy 14, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2019.1405.

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To address biodiversity and agronomic value of grasslands, we attempted to determine the effect of management regimes on temporal plant species diversity of Arrhenatherion grassland vegetation over a 7-year period. In a split-plot experiment, three cutting regimes (traditional 2-cut system, modified and regular 4-cut systems) and five fertilisation regimes [i) zero; ii) phosphoruspotassium (PK); iii) cattle slurry; iv) nitrogen-PK (NPK) plus cattle slurry; v) NPK] were assigned to the main plots and the subplots, respectively. Significant temporal changes in plant species composition, abundance of functional groups, plant richness and Shannon index were found for most investigated regimes. The effects of fertilisation regimes on all investigated parameters were much stronger than cutting regimes. Generally, two distinct pathways of sward compositional development were found, depending on whether the mineral N was added or not. Differentiation in the plant species composition and abundance of functional groups started in the second year and continued with the progress of the experiment. A quite distinct pattern of change in the plant species composition was found for PK where initially higher abundance of legumes triggered the sward development similar to the slurryfertilisation regime. The fertilisation with high N rates caused temporal decrease in species richness and Shannon index. Other fertilisation treatments did not affect these two diversity parameters in a seven-year period. The cutting regimes did not temporally differentiate the sward regarding plant species composition and abundance of functional groups. They affected only plant species composition in the seventh year and indicated some effect on the temporal change of Shannon index.
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17

Carmen, Mathijs, Simon D. Berrow, and Joanne M. O’Brien. "Foraging Behavior of Bottlenose Dolphins in the Shannon Estuary, Ireland as Determined through Static Acoustic Monitoring." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030275.

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The Shannon Estuary in Ireland is home to a resident population of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and is designated as a Special Area of Conservation under the EU Habitats Directive. It is an important industrial area, with numerous deep-water berths for shipping. Despite its high conservation value, there are few published studies on habitat use or foraging behavior of the Shannon dolphins throughout the year. The present study assessed the year-round presence and foraging activity of bottlenose dolphins at different locations in the middle and inner estuary using static acoustic monitoring. Dolphin presence was found to decrease with increased distance from the estuary mouth, i.e., where the estuary meets the Atlantic Ocean, while at the same time, foraging was found to be considerably higher in the upriver areas, suggesting the inner estuary was an important foraging area. Model predictions for seasonal, tidal and diel foraging were highly variable across locations, indicating that changes in dolphin behavior occurred over relatively small geographical scales. These results indicate that conservation efforts should consider the Shannon Estuary as a dynamic aggregation of habitats and future development initiatives should attempt to mitigate disturbance to the dolphins during important foraging periods on seasonal and diel scales.
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18

Yuan, Qing Min, Cong Cong Qin, and Dong Feng. "Competition Analysis of Marine Industry in Coastal Provinces in China Based on Niche Theory." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.35.

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Apply Niche Theory to give a comprehensive analysis of the marine industry niche present status. Explain marine economic development situation and overall features in coastal provinces from three perspectives of niche strength, niche width and niche overlap, specifically using biology quantitative models: Shannon-Wiener index and Pianka formula etc. Ultimately, based on the marine industry niche quantitative analysis and evaluation, the industrial structure and general characteristics of marine economy development in coastal provinces in China can be exactly explained.
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19

Tyrrell, John. "A summer outbreak of whirlwind phenomena from Dublin bay to the Shannon estuary." Irish Geography 37, no. 1 (January 2004): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00750770409555827.

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20

Pártlová, Petra, Jan Vachal, Ján Dobrovič, and Joanna Tabor. "USE OF THE SHANNON WIENER INDEX TO MEASURE LAG DIVERSITY, A MAJOR PLAYER IN REGIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT." Polish Journal of Management Studies 22, no. 1 (December 2020): 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2020.22.1.25.

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21

Xue, Dong, Xiang Dong Huang, and Lian Xue. "Soil Microbial Community Structure in Tree Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) Garden Based on PLFA Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.82.

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Understanding the chronological change in soil microbial community structure of tree peony garden ecosystem is important from ecological, environmental, and management perspectives. Soil samples were collected from three tree peony garden systems (5-, 12-, and 25-year-old tree peony gardens), and adjacent wasteland at Luoyang, Henan Province of China. Soil microbial community structure was analyzed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method. The bacterial and actinomycete PLFAs increased from the wasteland to 5-year-old tree peony garden and then decreased from the 5- to 25-year-old tree peony garden, and the fungal PLFA first increased and then decreased with the increasing planting years, with the greatest amount found in the 12-year-old tree peony garden. The conversion from the wasteland to tree peony garden resulted in a significant increase in Shannon index, Richness, and Evenness. However, with the succeeding development of tree peony garden ecosystems, Shannon index, Richness, and Evenness decreased from the 5- to 25-year-old tree peony garden.
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ZAMAN, GAUHAR, NAVEED ULLAH ATIF, NAZIM ALI, and HAMID ULLAH. "Avifauna Diversity of Darmalak Ali Kach Game Reserve at District Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Journal of Bioresource Management 7, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35691/jbm.0202.0156.

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Darmalak Ali Kach Game Reserve (District Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan), has variety of habitats. Field survey was conducted using count method; block method etc. The total number of individuals counted during study was 528. Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index was 3.195 which indicate a high level of biodiversity. The highest number of each bird species observed and data was tabulated and statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel sheets. Relative Abundance of bird species was also calculated along with species evenness, richness and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index. During the present survey 27 bird species, belonging to 8 orders and 15 families, were recorded. Out of these, 15 bird species were resident, 5 winter visitors and 6 summer breeders. The present report represents a preliminary data on the avifauna diversity of this game reserve, with the hope that the information will be used in the development of a working plan for the reserve.
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23

Long, Yan, Yilin Yang, Xiaohui Lei, Yu Tian, and Youming Li. "Integrated Assessment Method of Emergency Plan for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents Based on Improved TOPSIS, Shannon Entropy and a Coordinated Development Degree Model." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 18, 2019): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020510.

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Water is the source of all things, so it can be said that without the sustainable development of water resources, there can be no sustainable development of human beings. In recent years, sudden water pollution accidents have occurred frequently. Emergency response plan optimization is the key to handling accidents. Nevertheless, the non-linear relationship between various indicators and emergency plans has greatly prevented researchers from making reasonable assessments. Thus, an integrated assessment method is proposed by incorporating an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, Shannon entropy and a Coordinated development degree model to evaluate emergency plans. The Shannon entropy method was used to analyze different types of index values. TOPSIS is used to calculate the relative closeness to the ideal solution. The coordinated development degree model is applied to express the relationship between the relative closeness and inhomogeneity of the emergency plan. This method is tested in the decision support system of the Middle Route Construction and Administration Bureau, China. By considering the different nature of the indicators, the integrated assessment method is eventually proven as a highly realistic method for assessing emergency plans. The advantages of this method are more prominent when there are more indicators of the evaluation object and the nature of each indicator is quite different. In summary, this integrated assessment method can provide a targeted reference or guidance for emergency control decision makers.
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24

Li, Wu, and Zhenjia Sun. "Discussion on Positive Effects for Students’ Moral Development from Integrating Mentors and Doctoral Students into One Party Branch." ITM Web of Conferences 26 (2019): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20192601007.

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The word “mentor” comes from the Odyssey by the Greek poet Homer. Odyssey entrusted his friend Mentor to care for and educate his son, Telemachus.The word “mentor” later refers to a trustworthy advisor, counsellor and friend.A mentoring relationship has been defined as a “nurturing process in which a more skilled or experienced person, serving as a role model, teaches, sponsors, encourages, counsels and befriends a less skilled or less experienced person” (Anderson & Shannon, 1988). This paper mainly focuses on how to successfully mentor the doctoral students through the integration of mentors and doctoral students into one party branch.
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25

Wu, Sisi, Yelin Fu, Hai Shen, and Fan Liu. "Using ranked weights and Shannon entropy to modify regional sustainable society index." Sustainable Cities and Society 41 (August 2018): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.05.052.

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26

Namazi, Hamidreza. "Investigating the Brain Development in Newborns by Information-Based Analysis of Electroencephalography (EEG) Signal." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 19, no. 04 (July 4, 2020): 2050043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477520500431.

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In this paper, we employ the information theory to analyze the development of brain as the newborn ages. We compute the Shannon entropy of Electroencephalography (EEG) signal during sleep for 10 groups of newborns who are aged 36 weeks to 45 weeks (first to the last group). Based on the obtained results, EEG signals for newborns in 36 weeks have the lowest information content, whereas EEG signals for newborns in 45 weeks show the greatest information content. Therefore, we concluded that the information content of EEG signal increases as the age of newborn increases. Th result of statistical analysis demonstrated that the influence of increment of age of newborn on the variations of informant content of their EEG signals was significant.
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Lee, Kyung Jun, Sebastin Raveendar, Ji Seon Choi, Jinsu Gil, Jeong Hoon Lee, Yoon-Sup So, and Jong-Wook Chung. "Development of chloroplast microsatellite markers for identification of Glycyrrhiza species." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 1 (October 23, 2018): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000308.

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AbstractLicorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is an important medicinal herb and has long been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases worldwide. Understanding the genetic diversity within Glycyrrhiza species is important for the efficient conservation of these medicinal herbs. In this study, we have developed 20 polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) markers using the chloroplast genome of G. lepidota. The cpSSR markers were tested on a total of 27 Glycyrrhiza individual plants. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to eight among the Glycyrrhiza accessions. Overall, the Shannon index (I) for each cpSSR ranged from 0.315 to 1.694, the diversity indices (h) were 0.140–0.793 and the unbiased diversity indices (uh) were 0.145–0.825. In addition, the cpSSR markers were successfully divided and classified the 27 Glycyrrhiza individuals into four groups. The cpSSR markers developed in this study could be used in the assessment of genetic diversity and rapid identification of Glycyrrhiza species.
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Chen, Zhe, Peisi Zhong, Mei Liu, Hongyuan Sun, and Kai Shang. "A novel hybrid approach for product concept evaluation based on rough numbers, shannon entropy and TOPSIS-PSI." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 12087–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-210184.

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This work aims to help the designers to make decisions in the early stage of new product development. Design concept evaluation is very critical in design process, it may affect the later stages. However, facing to uncertain circumstance, mostly, the raw data in early stage are subjective and imprecise. This work proposes a novel approach to solve this problem. The whole work is based on rough numbers, Shannon entropy, technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution method and preference selection index method. Firstly, rough numbers and Shannon entropy are integrated to determine the weight of evaluation criteria based on their interrelationships. After that, a novel technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution method improved by rough numbers and preference selection index method is proposed to evaluate and rank the alternatives. Then, a comparative case is carried out with proposed method and two other methods in this study. The comparation of evaluation processes indicates that the proposed method’s advantage. Compared the other methods, proposed approach is objective, simple and do not need additional input. The results of three methods are similar. It means that the proposed method is not only effective and efficient in design concept evaluation, but also can save time and cost in the early stage of new product development.
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Shannon Holliday, L. "Editorial [Hot Topic: Vacuolar H+-ATPase: Targeting a “Housekeeping” Enzyme for Drug Development (Guest Editor: L. Shannon Holliday)]." Current Protein & Peptide Science 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920312800493214.

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30

Nelson, Margaret C. "Contemporary relevance and community engagement." Archaeological Dialogues 16, no. 2 (November 5, 2009): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203809990092.

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Is archaeology useful? Shannon Dawdy suggests that in the application of our knowledge to contemporary issues we find the utility in archaeological work. While I believe there are many ways archaeology is ‘useful’ beyond this application, I will pull that thread, illustrating the applications of archaeology to contemporary issues at the interface of society and environment. I then examine a few of Dawdy's concerns about the failings of archaeology.
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Moreno-Gomez, Alejandro, Juan Amezquita-Sanchez, Martin Valtierra-Rodriguez, Carlos Perez-Ramirez, Aurelio Dominguez-Gonzalez, and Omar Chavez-Alegria. "EMD-Shannon Entropy-Based Methodology to Detect Incipient Damages in a Truss Structure." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 26, 2018): 2068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112068.

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Truss-type designs are widely used in civil structures. Despite the fact that they are robust and reliable structures, different kinds of damage can appear. In order to avoid human and economic losses, the development and application of damage-detection methodologies are paramount. In this work, a methodology based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method and the Shannon Entropy Index (SEI) to detect incipient damages associated with corrosion in a 3D 9-bay truss-type bridge is presented. As different EMD methods are presented in literature, the most representative methods are investigated in order to evaluate their performance for this task. To this end, the vibration signals generated in the truss-type bridge at different conditions are analyzed. For the damage condition, four severity levels of simulated corrosion (1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm of diameter reduction) generated into the elements of truss-type bridge are considered. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal in terms of detecting corrosion in its very early stage (1 mm of reduction in the element).
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32

Zhu, Zhongfan, Hongrui Wang, Bo Pang, Jie Dou, and Dingzhi Peng. "Comparison of Conventional Deterministic and Entropy-Based Methods for Predicting Sediment Concentration in Debris Flow." Water 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030439.

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In this study, the distribution of sediment concentration and the mean sediment concentration in debris flow were investigated using deterministic and probabilistic approaches. Tsallis entropy and Shannon entropy have recently been employed to estimate these parameters. However, other entropy theories, such as the general index entropy and Renyi entropy theories, which are generalizations of the Shannon entropy, have not been used to derive the sediment concentration in debris flow. Furthermore, no comprehensive and rigorous analysis has been conducted to compare the goodness of fit of existing conventional deterministic methods and different entropy-based methods using experimental data collected from the literature. Therefore, this study derived the analytical expressions for the distribution of sediment concentration and the mean sediment concentration in debris flow based on the general index entropy and Renyi entropy theories together with the principle of maximum entropy and tested the validity of existing conventional deterministic methods as well as four different entropy-based expressions for the limited collected observational data. This study shows the potential of using the Tsallis entropy theory together with the principle of maximum entropy to predict sediment concentration in debris flow over an erodible channel bed.
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Nurdiyanto, Heri, and Hermanto Hermanto. "Signature recognition using neural network probabilistic." International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v2i1.53.

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The signature of each person is different and has unique characteristics. Thus, this paper discusses the development of a personal identification system based on it is unique digital signature. The process of preprocessing used gray scale method, while Shannon Entropy and Probabilistic Neural Network are used respectively for feature extraction and identification. This study uses five signature types with five signatures in every type. While the test results compared to actual data compared to real data, the proposed system performance was only 40%.
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34

Simanesew, Abushet W., Harald E. Krogstad, Karsten Trulsen, and José Carlos Nieto Borge. "Bimodality of Directional Distributions in Ocean Wave Spectra: A Comparison of Data-Adaptive Estimation Techniques." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 2 (February 2018): 365–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0007.1.

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AbstractThe properties of directional distributions in ocean wave spectra are studied, with an emphasis on sea states with bimodal directional distributions in the high-frequency tails of single-peaked wave systems. A peak-splitting tendency has been a challenge in the interpretation of results from some data-adaptive estimation methods. After a survey of the theory, mathematical and numerical explanations are presented regarding domains of uni- and bimodality for symmetric Burg and Shannon maximum entropy methods. The study finds that both the Burg and Shannon maximum entropy methods have a tendency to split peaks, and that the domains of uni- and bimodality for these two methods depend on the Fourier coefficients input into the algorithms. Comparisons of data-adaptive methods based on data collected near the Ekofisk oil field in the North Sea and from nonlinear wave simulations are presented. The maximum likelihood (ML) method, the iterative maximum likelihood (IML) method, and the Burg and Shannon maximum entropy methods are applied. A large fraction of the directional wave spectra from Ekofisk shows bimodal features for distributions above the spectral peak for all of the abovementioned methods. In particular, strong similarity in bimodal features between the iterative maximum likelihood and the Burg maximum entropy methods are found. In general, the bimodality is consistent with previous observations, and it seems to be associated with wave and spectral development owing to nonlinear wave–wave interactions rather than being associated with the peak-splitting tendency in the estimates from any of the algorithms. The bimodal directional distributions were sometimes persistent and sometimes formed or decayed within the order of hours.
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Saunders, J. "Rural Development and Human Fertility. Edited by Wayne A. Schutjer and C. Shannon Stokes. Macmillan, 1985. 318 pp. $38.50." Social Forces 65, no. 1 (September 1, 1986): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/65.1.263.

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36

Krupa, Elena, Sophia Romanova, Galym Berkinbaev, Natalya Yakovleva, and Erlan Sadvakasov. "Zooplankton as Indicator of the Ecological State of Protected Aquatic Ecosystems (Lake Borovoe, Burabay National Nature Park, Northern Kazakhstan)." Water 12, no. 9 (September 16, 2020): 2580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092580.

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The enrichment of the protected Borovoe Lake with nutrients has taken place within the last 100 years, from the moment the first resort was formed on its shores. The purpose of this study was to assess the current ecological state of Borovoe based on the structure of zooplankton. According to the chemical data, in the summer of 2019, the content of nutrients in the water was, relatively, not high; the content of heavy metals was very low. Twenty-seven species were found in zooplankton. The average abundance of zooplankton was 988.8 thousand ind./m3 with a biomass of 1.52 g/m3. Rotifera dominated. Cladocera sub-dominated. The Shannon index values were 2.31 bit/ind. and 2.57 bit/mg; the values of Clarke’s W-statistics and Δ-Shannon were negative. The abundance of zooplankton increased more than nine times, but the average individual mass of an organism decreased from 0.0112 to 0.0016 mg over the past decade. Despite the relatively low content of nutrients, the structure of zooplankton demonstrated that the nutritional load on Lake Borovoe is currently close to critical. Statistical mapping of the data and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the primary source of lake pollution is the village of Borovoe and sanatoriums located on the southeast and northwest coasts.
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Agbelade, Aladesanmi D., Jonathan C. Onyekwelu, and Matthew B. Oyun. "Tree Species Richness, Diversity, and Vegetation Index for Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria." International Journal of Forestry Research 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4549756.

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This study was conducted to investigate the tree species richness and diversity of urban and periurban areas of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria, and produce Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the territory. Data were collected from urban (Abuja city) and periurban (Lugbe) areas of the FCT using both semistructured questionnaire and inventory of tree species within green areas. In the study location, all trees with diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥ 10 cm were identified; their dbh was measured and frequency was taken. The NDVI was calculated in ArcGIS 10.3 environment using standard formula. A cumulative total of twenty-nine (29) families were encountered within the FCT, with 27 occurring in Abuja city (urban centre) and 12 in Lugbe (periurban centre) of the FCT. The results of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)for the two centres are 3.56 and 2.24 while Shannon’s maximum diversity index(Hmax)is 6.54 (Abuja city) and 5.36 (Lugbe) for the urban (Abuja city) and periurban (Lugbe) areas of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The result of tree species evenness (Shannon’s equitability (EH) index) in urban and periurban centres was 0.54 and 0.42, respectively. The study provided baseline information on urban and periurban forests in the FCT of Nigeria, which can be used for the development of tree species database of the territory.
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Hunting, Robert P., Gary Davis, and Catherine A. Pearn. "Engaging Whole-Number Knowledge for Rational-Number Learning Using a Computer-Based Tool." Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 27, no. 3 (May 1996): 354–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.27.3.0354.

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We present data from a two-year teaching experiment involving 8- and 9-year-old children. The purpose of the teaching experiment was to investigate children's fraction learning and the role their whole-number knowledge might play in it. A major source for the children's experiences and experiments was an operator-like computer program called Copycat. In particular, we focus on the accomplishments of Elliot and Shannon as they solved fraction comparison problems. We identify and discuss three cognitive schemes that Elliot and Shannon used. These were an Equal Outputs scheme, limited in effectiveness to unit fraction comparisons; an Equal Inputs scheme that activated strategies for determining a common multiple; and a Scaling scheme in which fractions were scaled up or down using ratios. The major focus of the discussion is the role whole-number knowledge played in the application of these schemes. This study demonstrates an interdependence between development of rational-number knowledge and whole-number knowledge. Rational-number tasks in operator settings can help stimulate and extend children's whole-number knowledge. Facility with whole-number relationships enables students to solve fraction comparison problems.
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Busu, Cristian, and Mihail Busu. "Modeling the Circular Economy Processes at the EU Level Using an Evaluation Algorithm Based on Shannon Entropy." Processes 6, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6110225.

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In this paper we propose a methodology to study circular economy processes based on mathematical modelling. In open-ended systems, waste could be converted back to recycling, transforming the economy from linear to circular. The concept of entropy and the second law of thermodynamics give the argument for a scale reduction of material circulation. As humans extract more and more energy and matter for the economy, the degree of entropy is likely to increase. Based on the findings of economic studies on the implications of industrialization in the case of growing economies, this study aims at evaluating circular economy processes at the European Union (EU) level using a Shannon-Entropy-based algorithm. An entropy-based analysis was conducted for the 28 European Union countries during the time frame 2007–2016. The modelling process consists of constructing a composite indicator which is composed of a weighted sum of all indicators developed by an algorithm based on Shannon Entropy. The weights assigned to each indicator in our analysis measure the significance of each indicator involved in the development of the composite indicator. The results are similar to the international rakings, consolidating and confirming the accuracy and reliability of this approach.
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40

Boeno, D., R. F. Silva, H. S. Almeida, A. C. Rodrigues, M. Vanzan, and R. Andreazza. "Influence of eucalyptus development under soil fauna." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 2 (June 2020): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.206022.

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Abstract In the implantation of forests, soil tillage can affect the soil fauna, but over the years, it is possible that forest development can recompose the biological indicators of soil quality. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different periods of eucalyptus development on community of edaphic fauna. The experiment was carried out in forest areas in the municipality of Ametista do Sul, RS. The Experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments, once 4 of the treatments were with different ages of the Eucalyptus grandis (two, four, six and eight years after trasnplant – YAT); plus 2 control treatments: Native Forest and Soil Naked, with 7 collection points. To sample the edaphic fauna, it was used traps such as PROVID. Also, the edaphic fauna was sampled at the depth of 0-5 cm for the quantification of mites. It was carried out the counting of individuals at the level of order and family for the mites, the means of the groups were submitted to the Tukey test and comparisons by Orthogonal Contrasts and calculated indices of Biodiversity: Margalef Richness, Simpson dominance, Shannon diversity and Pielou uniformity. The results showed lower abundance of individuals in Naked soil, while the Native Forest presented the best Biodiversity indices. With eight years of implantation of eucalyptus there was recovered the biological quality of the soil expressed by the population of springtails. The population of oribatídeos mites increased expressively from the six years of implantation of eucalyptus.
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Chapungu, Lazarus, Luxon Nhamo, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, and Munyaradzi Chitakira. "Quantifying Changes in Plant Species Diversity in a Savanna Ecosystem Through Observed and Remotely Sensed Data." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 2345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062345.

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This study examined the impact of climate change on plant species diversity of a savanna ecosystem, through an assessment of climatic trends over a period of forty years (1974–2014) using Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe, as a case study. The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used as a proxy for plant species diversity to cover for the absence of long-term historical plant diversity data. Observed precipitation and temperature data collected over the review period were compared with the trends in NDVI to understand the impact of climate change on plant species diversity over time. The nonaligned block sampling design was used as the sampling framework, from which 198 sampling plots were identified. Data sources included satellite images, field measurements, and direct observations. Temperature and precipitation had significant (p < 0.05) trends over the period under study. However, the trend for seasonal total precipitation was not significant but declining. Significant correlations (p < 0.001) were identified between various climate variables and the Shannon index of diversity. NDVI was also significantly correlated to the Shannon index of diversity. The declining trend of plant species in savanna ecosystems is directly linked to the decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures.
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Pan, Jinwen, Qiqiang Guo, Huie Li, Siqiong Luo, Yaqin Zhang, Shan Yao, Xin Fan, Xueguang Sun, and Yujiao Qi. "Dynamics of Soil Nutrients, Microbial Community Structure, Enzymatic Activity, and Their Relationships along a Chronosequence of Pinus massoniana Plantations." Forests 12, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12030376.

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Pinus massoniana is the major afforestation and vegetation restoration tree in southern China, and it plays an important role in the sustainable development of plantations. However, long-term single planting of P. massoniana has resulted in the decline of soil quality and forest productivity, and a soil fertility assessment is urgently needed. We selected P. massoniana plantations of four age stages for plot investigation and sampling to determine the soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity and composition, and enzyme activities at different soil depths. The results showed that soil total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) decreased with the increase of age, especially low C/N ratio and high C/P and N/P ratio in the 30-year and 36-year stands, leading to P limitation. Meanwhile, the bacterial Shannon index also decreased with the increase of age and was positively correlated with AP, NO3−-N, and pH. However, the fungal Shannon index decreased first and then increased with the increase of age; soil acid phosphatase (S-ACP) and urease activities showed a similar trend. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the increase of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) promoted the increase of fungal Shannon index, which was beneficial to the secretion of more enzymes. We found that soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, and enzyme activity decreased simultaneously when soil depths increased. Moreover, Acidobacteria and Basidiomycota were the most abundant bacterial and fungal communities, respectively, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria for bacteria and Ascomycota for fungi, and these microbial taxa were significantly affected by soil water content (SWC), TOC, AP, and C/P. In conclusion, this work reveals the potential correlation among soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity and composition, and enzyme activities, and revealed potential correlations among them which will help to improve understanding of soil conditions and provide a reference for rational management of soil resources.
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Carnero, María Carmen. "Developing a Fuzzy TOPSIS Model Combining MACBETH and Fuzzy Shannon Entropy to Select a Gamification App." Mathematics 9, no. 9 (May 2, 2021): 1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9091034.

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Due to the important advantages it offers, gamification is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, and interest from the market and from users continues to grow. This has led to the development of more and more applications aimed at different fields, and in particular the education sector. Choosing the most suitable application is increasingly difficult, and so to solve this problem, our study designed a model which is an innovative combination of fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with the Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique (MACBETH) and Shannon entropy theory, to choose the most suitable gamification application for the Industrial Manufacturing and Organisation Systems course in the degree programmes for Electrical Engineering and Industrial and Automatic Electronics at the Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering of Ciudad Real, part of the University of Castilla-La Mancha. There is no precedent in the literature that combines MACBETH and fuzzy Shannon entropy to simultaneously consider the subjective and objective weights of criteria to achieve a more accurate model. The objective weights computed from fuzzy Shannon entropy were compared with those calculated from De Luca and Termini entropy and exponential entropy. The validity of the proposed method is tested through the Preference Ranking Organisation METHod for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) II, ELimination and Choice Expressing REality (ELECTRE) III, and fuzzy VIKOR method (VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje). The results show that Quizizz is the best option for this course, and it was used in two academic years. There are no precedents in the literature using fuzzy multicriteria decision analysis techniques to select the most suitable gamification application for a degree-level university course.
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44

Lee, J. H., J. E. Ryu, H. I. Chung, Y. Y. Choi, S. W. Jeon, and S. H. Kim. "DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL SCALING TECHNIQUE OF FOREST HEALTH SAMPLE POINT INFORMATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-751-2018.

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Forests provide many goods, Ecosystem services, and resources to humans such as recreation air purification and water protection functions. In rececnt years, there has been an increase in the factors that threaten the health of forests such as global warming due to climate change, environmental pollution, and the increase in interest in forests, and efforts are being made in various countries for forest management. Thus, existing forest ecosystem survey method is a monitoring method of sampling points, and it is difficult to utilize forests for forest management because Korea is surveying only a small part of the forest area occupying 63.7&amp;thinsp;% of the country (Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport Korea, 2016). Therefore, in order to manage large forests, a method of interpolating and spatializing data is needed. In this study, The 1st Korea Forest Health Management biodiversity Shannon;s index data (National Institute of Forests Science, 2015) were used for spatial interpolation. Two widely used methods of interpolation, Kriging method and IDW(Inverse Distance Weighted) method were used to interpolate the biodiversity index. Vegetation indices SAVI, NDVI, LAI and SR were used. As a result, Kriging method was the most accurate method.
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45

Hamm, Trinity P., Marcin Nowicki, Sarah L. Boggess, William E. Klingeman, Denita Hadziabdic, Matthew L. Huff, Margaret E. Staton, and Robert N. Trigiano. "Development and Characterization of 15 Novel Genomic SSRs for Viburnum farreri." Plants 10, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030487.

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The Viburnum genus is of particular interest to horticulturalists, phylogeneticists, and biogeographers. Despite its popularity, there are few existing molecular markers to investigate genetic diversity in this large genus, which includes over 160 species. There are also few polymorphic molecular tools that can delineate closely related species within the genus. Viburnum farreri, a member of the Solenotinus subclade and one of the centers of diversity for Viburnum, was selected for DNA sequencing and development of genomic simple sequence repeats (gSSRs). In this study, 15 polymorphic gSSRs were developed and characterized for a collection of 19 V. farreri samples. Number of alleles per locus ranged from two- to- eight and nine loci had four or more alleles. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.84 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.10 to 0.80 for the 15 loci. Shannon diversity index values across these loci ranged from 0.21 to 1.62. The markers developed in this study add to the existing molecular toolkit for the genus and will be used in future studies investigating cross-transferability, genetic variation, and species and cultivar delimitation in the Viburnum genus and closely allied genera in the Adoxaceae and Caprifoliaceae.
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46

Shipp, J. L., and W. S. Procunier. "Seasonal occurrence of, development of, and the influences of selected environmental factors on the larvae of Prosimulium and Simulium species of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) found in the rivers of southwestern Alberta." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 1491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-223.

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Larval development of Simulium arcticum Malloch (IIL-3), S. defoliarti Stone and Peterson (IIS-14.15), and S. tuberosum Lundström (FG) was documented for four rivers in southwestern Alberta from 1982 to 1984. Simulium arcticum (IIL-3) and S. tuberosum (FG) had seven instars; these two species were multivoltine with two or three generations per year, while S. defoliarti (IIS-14.15) was univoltine. Water temperature, river discharge, and turbidity were the only environmental factors of five parameters measured that were significantly correlated with the seasonal development of larvae of S. arcticum (IIL-3), S. defoliarti (IIS-14.15), S. vittatum Zetterstedt complex, S. tuberosum (FG), and Prosimulium onychodactylum Dyar and Shannon complex. Also, we speculate on the effect that food quality and quantity have on larval growth and development of blackfly species that breed in mountain rivers.
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47

Klein, J. C., and M. Verlaque. "Experimental removal of the invasive Caulerpa racemosa triggers partial assemblage recovery." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91, no. 1 (July 5, 2010): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410000792.

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The invasive species Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea represents a serious threat to the diversity of benthic assemblages in the Mediterranean Sea. In the present study, a removal experiment was carried out to test whether, after 18 months of C. racemosa var. cylindracea exclusion, the macrophyte assemblage resembled a non-invaded assemblage. The results show that in the assemblage invaded by C. racemosa var. cylindracea the number of species, macrophyte cover, Shannon diversity and Pielou's evenness were lower than in the non-invaded assemblage. Erect perennial species were particularly affected and other introduced species were significantly reduced or completely excluded. After 18 months of removal/exclusion of C. racemosa var. cylindracea, only partial recovery of the macrophyte assemblage could be observed. Species numbers, total cover and erect perennial species cover were still significantly lower than in the non-invaded plots. However Shannon diversity and Pielou's evenness had reached comparable levels. In contrast to native macrophytes, the total cover of other introduced species reached a level comparable to the non-invaded plots. In summary, the present study revealed that after 18 months of C. racemosa var. cylindracea exclusion: (i) only partial recovery of the macrophyte assemblage occurred; and (ii) the development of other invasive species was favoured by the absence of C. racemosa var. cylindracea (Sisyphus effect).
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48

Pulido, Manuel, and Osvaldo A. Rosso. "Model Selection: Using Information Measures from Ordinal Symbolic Analysis to Select Model Subgrid-Scale Parameterizations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 10 (September 20, 2017): 3253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0340.1.

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Abstract The use of information measures for model selection in geophysical models with subgrid parameterizations is examined. Although the resolved dynamical equations of atmospheric or oceanic global numerical models are well established, the development and evaluation of parameterizations that represent subgrid-scale effects pose a big challenge. For climate studies, the parameters or parameterizations are usually selected according to a root-mean-square error criterion that measures the differences between the model-state evolution and observations along the trajectory. However, inaccurate initial conditions and systematic model errors contaminate root-mean-square error measures. In this work, information theory quantifiers, in particular Shannon entropy, statistical complexity, and Jensen–Shannon divergence, are evaluated as measures of the model dynamics. An ordinal analysis is conducted using the Bandt–Pompe symbolic data reduction in the signals. The proposed ordinal information measures are examined in the two-scale Lorenz-96 system. By comparing the two-scale Lorenz-96 system signals with a one-scale Lorenz-96 system with deterministic and stochastic parameterizations, the study shows that information measures are able to select the correct model and to distinguish the parameterizations, including the degree of stochasticity that results in the closest model dynamics to the two-scale Lorenz-96 system.
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FELIX, FRANCIVAL CARDOSO, KYVIA PONTES TEIXEIRA DAS CHAGAS, CIBELE DOS SANTOS FERRARI, FÁBIO DE ALMEIDA VIEIRA, and MAURO VASCONCELOS PACHECO. "APPLICATIONS OF ISSR MARKERS IN STUDIES OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Pityrocarpa moniliformis." Revista Caatinga 33, no. 4 (October 2020): 1017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n417rc.

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ABSTRACT Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R. W. Jobson (Fabaceae) is a native brazilian species with high potential for economic development programs in semiarid regions, mainly related to the production of honey, animal food and firewood. Thus, the objective of this work was to select Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers for genetic diversity studies, as well as to test the efficiency of this approach in quantifying the genetic diversity of a natural P. moniliformis population. For this, 28 ISSR molecular markers were tested, evaluating the total number of loci, polymorphism rate and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) for the selected primers, the “Marker Index”, and the “Resolving Power”. Genetic diversity parameters (Nei genetic distance and Shannon index) were evaluated for 30 individuals located in Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Seven primers were selected, which provided 74 loci, with 82% being polymorphic, while the PIC value was 0.344. The Nei genetic distance was 0.244, and the Shannon index was 0.374. Therefore, ISSR molecular markers (UBC 827, 840, 844, 857, 859, 860 and 873) are considered efficient in studying the genetic diversity of populations for the selection of matrices and germplasm banks, and may contribute to the conservation and genetic improvement of P. moniliformis populations.
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Csikós, Nándor, and Péter Szilassi. "Impact of Energy Landscapes on the Abundance of Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis), an Example from North Germany." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 16, 2020): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020664.

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The increasing use of biomass for energy production is reshaping landscapes into energy landscapes. Our study aims to analyze the impact of the biogas energy landscape on the abundance of Eurasian skylark. The biogas power plants have a high impact on the landscape, because of the energy crops like silage maize and rape. We analyze land-use and land-cover heterogeneity in connection with this bird species in the Federal State of Schleswig-Holstein. Three databases are used: abundance data of a typical farmland bird (Eurasian skylark), Corine land cover, and statistical land-use data from the German Agricultural Structure Survey. Several spatial analyses and statistical analyses were conducted. Generalized linear models are used with model averaging and predicted marginal effects were calculated. We estimate the changes in individuals per km2 by considering six crop types and the Shannon Diversity Index (SDI). The Eurasian skylark abundance has a significant negative correlation with the area of the inland wetlands, the Shannon Diversity Index (SDI), permanent crops, silage maize, and rape. We found significant positive correlation with the pasture, potato, and wheat. The replacement of pastures, Eurasian skylarks’ preferred habitat, with energy crops, mostly silage maize, and the ongoing homogenization of the landscape, negatively affected this species’ distribution in the study area.
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