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Journal articles on the topic 'Shape'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Franceschi, Eleonora, Astrid Moser-Reischl, Mohammad A. Rahman, Stephan Pauleit, Hans Pretzsch, and Thomas Rötzer. "Crown Shapes of Urban Trees-Their Dependences on Tree Species, Tree Age and Local Environment, and Effects on Ecosystem Services." Forests 13, no. 5 (2022): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050748.

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Crown shapes of common European urban tree species differ from tree species to tree species and are modified by the age of a tree and its local environment. A tree’s crown shape has a great influence on the crown volume and thus on the ecosystem service provision of a tree such as the shade area or the shade density. We used the data of 3852 tree individuals from eight German cities and the crown shape data of 528 trees for the species Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Aesculus hippocastanum, Fraxinus excelsior, Platanus × acerifolia, Robinia pseudoacacia and Tilia cordata to analyze tree

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Than, Thida, Labang Hkawn, Anjuna Radhakrishnan, Yupa Min, Hlaing Thaw Dar, and Nurul Hazliana Harun. "Variation in the shape of the knee meniscus and incidence of the discoid shape in Myanmar's adult population: A cross-sectional study." Journal of Biomedical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2023): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbs.v10i2.61357.

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Background: A meniscal injury is one of the most common sports-related problems and the most frequent injury to the knee joint. The method for determining meniscus shape is used in designing therapies for treating various joint diseases. Material and methods: Anatomy dissection was performed, and the shapes of knee menisci were studied in 160 menisci from 40 autopsy bodies (20 males and 20 females) from Medical Universities in Myanmar. The bodies were embalmed with 4% formaldehyde and then preserved in a weak formalin solution. Results: The number of crescentic-shaped medial menisc

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Phuong, Lam-Huy, Cao-Minh Dai, Quach-Ngo Diem-Phuong та Tran-Quoc Tan. "Comparing of antioxidant ability, α-glucosidase inhibition and cytotoxicity of three fruiting body shapes of Ganoderma lingzhi". Research Journal of Biotechnology 18, № 8 (2023): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1808rjbt1190127.

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In the process of artificial culture, Ganoderma mushrooms will appear with several different shapes of fruiting bodies, even though they share the same species. The differences in shape can influence and create differences in bioactivity and active ingredients. This study looked at the biological activities of ethanol crude extracts from three shape kinds of fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lingzhi mushroom and herb tablets made from kidney-shaped fruiting body including antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition and cytotoxic activity in some cell lines. Besides, the content of ganoderic acid A was al

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4

Rosen, Jeffrey J. "Shapes That Shape the Shape of Brain and Society." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 35, no. 2 (1990): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/028258.

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5

Wiegers, Tjamme, Lau Langeveld, and Joris Vergeest. "Shape language: How people describe shapes and shape operations." Design Studies 32, no. 4 (2011): 333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.03.002.

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Shi, Ding, Feng Ji, Yin-su Bao, and Yong-pan Liu. "A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Tailored Partially Covered Stents (Placed Fluoroscopically) versus Standard Uncovered Stents (Placed Endoscopically)." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/309797.

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The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy and safety of “outlet-shape” tailored stents with standard stents for the management of distal gastric cancer causing gastric outlet obstructions (GOOs) with varying gastric cavity shapes and sizes. To determine the shape and size of the GOOs, stomach opacifications were performed using contrast media before stenting. Two basic shapes of the residual cavity of the proximal GOO were observed: cup shaped or approximately cup shaped and funnel shaped or approximately funnel shaped. Other shapes were not found. In the GOO tailored group, the size and

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Mahbub-Ud-Jaman, Md., Md. Hasanur Rahman, and Md. Ashraful Haque. "Design and Performance Comparison of Graphene Based Different Shaped Microstrip Patch Antennas ." DIU Journal of Science & Technology 14, no. 1 (2024): 18–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13770927.

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Graphene based different types of slotted antennas have been designed and compared with respect to slot position, return Loss, voltage standing wave ratio, bandwidth and radiation pattern. Different patch materials, patch shapes, position and inclination of slots in these antennas can alter their performance. This paper comprises with the performance comparison of different shaped microstrip patch antennas i.e. H shape, E shape, Z shape, L shape, T shape and P shape using CST Microwave Studio Suite to operate in the frequency limit of 2.6 GHz to 4 GHz. Among these antennas P-shaped antenna has

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8

CHEN, CHAO, and HO-LUN CHENG. "SUPERIMPOSING VORONOI COMPLEXES FOR SHAPE DEFORMATION." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 16, no. 02n03 (2006): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195906001987.

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Edelsbrunner et al. defined a framework of shape deformations with shapes bounded by skin manifold. We prove that the infinitely many synthesized shapes in the deformation sequence share finitely many common Voronoi complexes. Therefore, we propose a new algorithm to compute the common Voronoi complexes efficiently for the deformations, and use these common complexes to compute the synthesized shapes in real time. This makes generating, visualizing, and customizing shape deformations feasible.

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9

Formby, C. "Simple Triangular Approximations of Auditory Filter Shapes." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 33, no. 3 (1990): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3303.530.

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At present, the most popular auditory filter shape model is one with a rounded peak and exponentially decaying filter skirts (Patterson & Moore, 1986). Unfortunately, the complex nature of this “roex” filter model may, in some instances, have hindered the application of the auditory filter shape in clinical measurements of frequency selectivity. Moreover, some of the assumptions of the roex filter model may be violated at high sound-pressure levels (SPLs) and this limitation has also been a factor when considering the roex auditory filter shape in the clinic. Our purpose is to introduce a

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Tanveer, Muhammad, and Kwang-Yong Kim. "Effects of Bridge-Shaped Microchannel Geometry on the Performance of a Micro Laminar Flow Fuel Cell." Micromachines 10, no. 12 (2019): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10120822.

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A laminar flow micro fuel cell comprising of bridge-shaped microchannel is investigated to find out the effects of the cross-section shape of the microchannel on the performance. A parametric study is performed by varying the heights and widths of the channel and bridge shape. Nine different microchannel cross-section shapes are evaluated to find effective microchannel cross-sections by combining three bridge shapes with three channel shapes. A three-dimensional fully coupled numerical model is used to calculate the fuel cell’s performance. Navier-Stokes, convection and diffusion, and Butler-V

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Kumar B., Varun, G. Manikandan, P. Kanna, et al. "A Performance Evaluation of a Solar Air Heater Using Different Shaped Ribs Mounted on the Absorber Plate—A Review." Energies 11, no. 11 (2018): 3104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113104.

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In this paper, the effect of various shapes of ribs used in Solar Air Heaters (SAHs) was discussed. The review is concentrated on the geometry of the rib and its location on the SAH panel. Both numerical and experimental works were considered for discussion with dry air and Nano fluids as a working fluid. The influence of various shapes, such as an L shape, W shape, V shape, Multiple V shape, V shape with a gap, detachable & attachable ribs etc., was analyzed. The common fact observed from this analysis is that the implementation of artificial roughness in the absorber plate results in a c

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Ismail, Ikram K., and Abdennour Seibi. "Shape Factors for Irregular Glass Reinforced Plastic Pipes – An Analytical and Numerical Approach." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.279.

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This paper presents the development of a mathematical model based on curved beam theory of composite pipes with irregular shapes under diametral loading. The analytical solution was validated through finite element models of the same pipe shapes under similar loading conditions. Four shapes (circular, elliptical, rectangular, and egg shaped pipes) were considered in this study. The analytical and finite element results were used to estimate the shape factor defined by the ratio of the maximum tangential stress of an irregular shape over the maximum tangential stress for a circular pipe. Compar

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13

Berends, Manetta, and Femke Snelting. "Tools shape practice shapes tools..." Teknokultura. Revista de Cultura Digital y Movimientos Sociales Avance en línea (November 14, 2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/tekn.95105.

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This article narrates a partial history of two decades of doing graphic design with free, libre and open-source tools. We follow the development of tools and practices that allowed graphic design practice to shift, such as layouts being generated by scripts, books being rendered out of webpages and editorial workflows being transformed into collaborative environments. It threads through a body of shared knowledge and modes of designing with software, focusing on sites that are key in these design practices: layout tools, open fonts and publishing platforms. As practitioners and active particip

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14

McCane, Brendan. "Shape Variation in Outline Shapes." Systematic Biology 62, no. 1 (2012): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys080.

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15

Shim, H., and K. Son. "Optimal blank shape design by the iterative sensitivity method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 216, no. 6 (2002): 867–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440502320192996.

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In order to realize net shape manufacturing of drawn parts, determination of the optimal blank shape plays a key role in the process development stage. The sensitivity method has many successful applications of the optimal blank design. In the method, the undeformed blank shape is modified iteratively by moving boundary nodes in the initial moving direction until the deformed shape satisfies a target shape. To determine the magnitude of the movement of the nodes, both the shape error measured at the deformed shape and the shape sensitivity defined by the effect of initial shape change on the f

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Vijay, Shekhar Kumar, Laxmi Vineeta, and Kumar Bhavesh. "Prospective, Randomized Morphological Assessment of Variations in Shape of Coronoid Process of Adult Human Mandible." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 1 (2022): 432–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13864798.

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<strong>Aim:</strong> Morphological study of variations in shape of coronoid process of adult human mandible. <strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized, study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Bettiah (W.Champaran), Bihar,India Shape of the coronoid processes of 50(100 sides) dry adult human mandibles were studied out of which 30 (60 sides) were of males and 20(40 sides) were of females. Male and Female bones were differentiated by noting standard morphological features. Different shapes of coronoid process observ

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17

Xie, An-Xin, Nicole Rendine, and Hai-Feng Ji. "Anisotropic and Isotropic Shrinking of Candle Droplets in Cold Water and Warm Water." Micro 2, no. 3 (2022): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/micro2030032.

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The effects of temperature and surfactant on the shape of candle droplets that solidify at air-water interfaces were investigated. In pure water, triangular or quadrangular shaped candle droplets were formed when the temperature was ≤6 °C and round shape droplets were observed when the temperature was ≥10 °C. In SDS/water solutions ≥ 0.5 mM, oval or concave bowl-shaped candle droplets were formed when the temperature was ≤6 °C and round shape droplets were observed when the temperature was ≥10 °C. The formation mechanisms of the different shapes were explored and discussed.

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18

Sakya, Pranay Ratna, Rinky Nyachhyon, Amita Pradhan, Ratina Tamrakar, and Sudeep Acharya. "MORPHOLOGY OF CONDYLE- A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 12, no. 1 (2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.636.

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Background: Mandibular condyle has a variety of morphology. The changes in their shape and size has been attributed to ageing process, developmental abnormalities, distinct diseases, trauma, endocrine shock, radio therapy etc. Panoramic radiographs remain the easiest, safest and most cost-effective screening modality for temporomandibular joint abnormalities. The study aimed to assess the different shapes of condyles using orthopantomograms from the archives of the hospital data. The variations among the sexes and between the right and left sides of an individual were also determined. Methods:

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19

Arief, Dodi Sofyan, Galuh Leonardo Sihombing, Amir Hamzah, and Andri Andri. "Design Shape and Dimension of Threshing Station Model Palm Oil Mill in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V - PKS Sei Galuh Using Autodesk AutoCAD 2014 Software." Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse) 39, no. 1 (2017): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v39i1.390.

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Palm oil mills in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V PKS - Sei Galuh is a producer of crude palm oil CPO (Crude Palm Oil), which consists of several stations the processing of palm oil, one of which is the threshing station. Threshing station is the station there is a separation palm kernel process with the cluster in a way slammed into a rotating drum. The purpose of this research is to design the shape and dimension of the station threshing model palm oil mill in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V - PKS Sei Galuh with scale of 1: 8 using Autodesk Autocad 2014 Software. Design of shapes and dimension threshi

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20

Tobushi, Hisaaki, Syunichi Hayashi, Kazumasa Hoshio, and Yoshihiro Ejiri. "OS16-1-2 Shape Recovery and Secondary-Shape Forming of Polyurethane-Shape Memory Polymer." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2007.6 (2007): _OS16–1–2——_OS16–1–2—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2007.6._os16-1-2-.

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21

Maimun, Adi, Mehdi Nakisa, Ahmad Tarmizi, Yasser M. Ahmed, and Fatemeh Behrouzi. "Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Resistance of New Hull Design for Multipurpose Amphibious Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 522–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.522.

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MultipurposeAmphibiousVehicles(MAV)and other blunt-shaped floating vehicles encounter the problem of a large bow wave forming at high speeds. This wave formation is accompanied by higher resistance and at a critical speed results in bow submergence or swamping. Three new shapes of hull bow design for the multipurpose amphibious vehicle were conducted at several speeds to investigate the hydrodynamic phenomena using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD, RANS code) which is applied by Ansys-CFX14.0 and Maxsurf. The vehicle’s hydrodynamic bow shapes were able to break up induced waves and avoid swam

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22

Drushel, R. F., D. M. Neustadter, L. L. Shallenberger, P. E. Crago, and H. J. Chiel. "The kinematics of swallowing in the buccal mass of Aplysia californica." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 4 (1997): 735–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.4.735.

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Changes in the positions, shapes and movements of the feeding apparatus (buccal mass) of the marine mollusc Aplysia californica were studied in intact, transilluminated juveniles. The buccal mass assumes characteristic shapes as its internal structure, the radula/odontophore, moves anteriorly (protracts) or posteriorly (retracts). These shapes are especially distinctive when the radula/odontophore has protracted forwards fully, is close to its resting or neutral position, or has retracted backwards fully. We refer to the shapes that occur at full protraction, transition and full retraction as

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Lee, Sang-ik, Jin-Yong Choi, and Won Choi. "Effect of Groove Shape on Head Loss and Filtration Performance of Disc Filters." Water 13, no. 12 (2021): 1683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13121683.

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To analyze the effect of a groove cross-sectional shape on disc filters, a head loss analysis and filtration performance test were conducted using disc filters with different groove shapes (semi-elliptical- and trapezoidal-shaped grooves). Furthermore, the groove shapes were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy and the relationship between flow rate and head loss was derived from the head loss test. Even if the filters were designed with the same mesh standard, the sectional areas of the grooves were different depending on the shape. Therefore, the head loss was compared

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Bender-Heine, Adam, Michelle Russell, Allen Rickards, et al. "Optimal Costal Cartilage Graft Selection According to Cartilage Shape: Anatomical Considerations for Rhinoplasty." Facial Plastic Surgery 33, no. 06 (2017): 670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607972.

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AbstractCostal cartilage grafting is a commonly used reconstruction procedure, particularly in rhinoplasty. Although costal cartilage is broadly used in reconstructive surgery, there are differing opinions regarding which costal cartilage levels provide the most ideal grafts. Grafts are typically designed to match the shape of the recipient site. The shapes of costal cartilage grafts have been described as “boat-shaped,” “C-shaped,” “canoe-shaped,” “U-shaped,” “crescent-shaped,” “L-shaped,” “semilunar,” “straight,” and “Y-shaped.” The shapes of costal cartilages are thought to lend themselves

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25

Yu, Siyu, Lindred L. Greer, Nir Halevy, and Lisanne van Bunderen. "On Ladders and Pyramids: Hierarchy’s Shape Determines Relationships and Performance in Groups." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45, no. 12 (2019): 1717–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167219842867.

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Hierarchies take different forms, which individuals mentally represent using different geometric shapes. We propose and empirically demonstrate that individuals’ mental representations of the shape hierarchy takes affect its consequences. Five studies compared two common mental representations of hierarchy shapes—ladders and pyramids—to explore whether, why, and how individuals’ perceptions of hierarchy’s shape undermine constructive relationships within groups and group performance. Study 1 demonstrated that individuals commonly mentally represent hierarchies as ladders and pyramids. In Studi

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Thi Yen, Hoang, Phan Nguyen Uyen Nguyen, and Hien Thi Nguyen. "Analysis and modeling of adult male body shape aged 25–45 by CLO3D software." BOHR International Journal of Computer Science 3, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.54646/bijcs.2024.19.

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This study conducted body shape research on 175 males aged 35–45 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The aim was to develop accurate and intuitive analytical models to classify different body types. The research team utilized various statistical tools, such as descriptive analysis, principal component analysis, k-means clustering, and discriminant analysis—all supported by SPSS software—to identify the most reasonable body shape classifications. The study results identified the 5 most common body shapes: U-shaped, Y-shaped, V-shaped, O-shaped, and D-shaped. To enhance the visualization of these body

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Kumar, Raj. "Variations in the shape of foramen magnum at the base of human skulls among Indians in Rajasthan." Bioinformation 18, no. 5 (2022): 488–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630018488.

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Variations in the shape of foramen magnum can affect the normal anatomy of vital structures passing through it. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the various shapes of foramen magnum by using CT scans performed in patients of Indian population to establish clinical correlation. A total of 314 CT images of human skull base obtained from the Department of Radio-diagnosis, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan were used in the present study. All the patients’ CT scans were observed to determine the shape of foramen magnum. They were classified into one of the followin

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Covantev, Serghei, Rasul Uzdenov, Daria Turovets, and Olga Belic. "Spleen: an organ of multiple shapes." Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine 3, no. 4 (2021): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53986/ibjm.2021.0052.

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Introduction: The spleen is located in the upper part of the abdominal cavity. As an organ, the spleen can have various shapes and size. Material and methods: The human spleen was studied in 273 cadavers (154 men and 119 women) who did not have diseases of the spleen. The shape of the spleen was analyzed based on splenic index, Michels classification. Results: The most common shape of the spleen in men is the elongated one. It was encountered in 79 (51.3%) cases out of 154. In women, the most common shape was the intermediate. It was encountered in 51 (42.9%) of the 119 cases. Based on Michels

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Najmin M. "Morphometric Study of Shape of Glenoid cavity of Scapulae." Journal of Sylhet Women’s Medical College 15, Number 1 (2025): 22–25. https://doi.org/10.47648/jswmc2025v15-01-114.

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Background: The glenoid cavity of the scapula is crucial for shoulder joint stability, forming the articulation with the humeral head. Variations in its shape and size can influence joint mechanics, affecting shoulder stability and the risk of injuries like dislocations. Understanding these variations is important for orthopedic procedures, such as shoulder arthroplasty, and in diagnosing shoulder pathologies. The cavity typically appears in shapes like oval, pear-shaped, or inverted comma, with variations across different populations. Objective: To evaluate the morphometric characteristics of

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Koconis, David B., Låszló P. Kollår, and George S. Springer. "Shape Control of Composite Plates and Shells with Embedded Actuators. II. Desired Shape Specified." Journal of Composite Materials 28, no. 5 (1994): 459–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839402800504.

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The changes in shapes of fiber-reinforced composite beams, plates and shells affected by embedded piezoelectric actuators were investigated. An analytical method was developed to determine the voltages needed to achieve a specified desired shape. The method is formulated on the basis of mathematical models using two-dimensional, linear, shallow shell theory including transverse shear effects which are important in the case of sandwich construction. The solution technique is a minimization of an error function which is a measure of the difference between the deformed shape caused by the applica

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Azis, Andy, Alchalil Alchalil, Adi Setiawan, and Nurul Islami. "STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL WIND TUNNEL TIPE SUBSONIC RANGKAIAN TERBUKA DENGAN VARIASI BENTUK HONYECOMB." Malikussaleh Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/mjmst.v7i2.13491.

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Honeycomb is applied to the Open Series Subsonic Wind Tunnel which aims to obtain a unidirectional fluid flow shape with uniform (laminar) and stable fluid flow velocities. Honeycomb testing was carried out experimentally at a flow velocity of 3 m / s without honeycomb using a variety of shapes: hexagonal, square, and circular. Each honeycomb shaped to 8mm diameter. The results of the analysis on honeycomb testing with variations in shape obtained the value of turbulence intensity that occurs in the test section, namely for hexagonal shape variations the flow that occurs is better than circula

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Keith, Blake, Ferah Munshi, Alyson M. Brooks, et al. "A MARVEL-ous Study of How Well Galaxy Shapes Reflect Dark Matter Halo Shapes in Cold Dark Matter Simulations." Astrophysical Journal 986, no. 2 (2025): 138. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add40d.

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Abstract We present a 3D shape analysis of both dark matter (DM) and stellar matter (SM) in simulated dwarf galaxies to determine whether stellar shape traces DM shape. Using 80 central and satellite dwarf galaxies from three simulation suites (“Marvelous Massive Dwarfs,” “Marvelous Dwarfs,” and the “DC Justice League”) spanning stellar masses of 106–1010 M ⊙, we measure 3D shapes through the moment of inertia tensor at twice the effective radius to derive axis ratios (C/A and B/A) and triaxiality. We find that stellar shape does follow DM halo shape for our dwarf galaxies. However, the presen

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Kang, Sung Koo, Inhee Choi, Jeongjin Lee, Younghun Kim, and Jongheop Yi. "Observation on Growth Process of Gold Y- and -shaped Nanoparticles in Solutions." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (2007): 3823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.039.

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The morphological evolution of gold (Au) nanoparticles is demonstrated via TEM and UV-vis spectroscopy in a real-time basis. Y-shaped and -shaped Au nanoparticles were prepared by a seed mediated method at 0 °C. The evolution of shape ranging from spheres to Y- and -shapes was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy. For the spherical particles, the corresponding transverse plasmon absorption (540 nm) was observed at the initial growth stage. As further growth proceeded, new peaks appeared at ca. 620 nm and ca. 700–1000 nm, which was to the characteristic peak of Y-shaped and -shaped nanoparti

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Milenkovic, Jovana, Milica Vasiljevic, Nemanja Jovicic, Dragan Milovanovic, Dragica Selakovic, and Gvozden Rosic. "Criteria for the Classification of the Interradicular Septum Shape in Maxillary Molars with Clinical Importance for Prosthetic-Driven Immediate Implant Placement." Diagnostics 12, no. 6 (2022): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12061432.

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The aim of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the morphometric properties of the interradicular septum (IRS) in the maxillary molar region that may be indicative for prosthetic-driven implant placement. Following the repetitive algorithm based on the visual identification of IRS shapes, we described the following IRS shapes: arrow, boat, drop, and palatal and buccal convergence. The incidence of IRS shapes showed significant differences for the first and second maxillary molars (the highest frequency for the arrow shape, and the lowest for the drop shape) wi

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LES, ZBIGNIEW. "SHAPE UNDERSTANDING: POSSIBLE CLASSES OF SHAPES." International Journal of Shape Modeling 07, no. 01 (2001): 75–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218654301000060.

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Yifeng Jiang, Jun Xie, and Hung-Tat Tsui. "Shape Registration by Optimally Coding Shapes." IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine 12, no. 5 (2008): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/titb.2008.920798.

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Horst, Kenneth E. "The shape of lamp shade shadows." Physics Teacher 39, no. 3 (2001): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1364055.

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Jowers, Iestyn, Chris Earl, and George Stiny. "Shapes, structures and shape grammar implementation." Computer-Aided Design 111 (June 2019): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2019.02.001.

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MUHAMAD, ZULKIFLI, CHIK AIMAN, ZAHID BILAL, and YAHYA MOHAMAD. "Effects of impactors’ shape on three-dimensional woven fabric composites at low-velocity impacts." Industria Textila 73, no. 06 (2022): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.073.06.202193.

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This study investigated the fabric resistance of three-dimensional (3D) woven fibreglass composites generated by impactors of three shapes, i.e., hemispherical, conical, and ogival, on four types of composite structures. Composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique. Crimp and mechanical impact resistance tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM D2444 standards and ASTM D3883-04, respectively. The four-floating interlocked (4FLL) yielded the strongest fabric damage tolerance for all the three types of impactors’ shapes with 6.3 kN for the hemispherical shape, 4 kN for the co

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Rusconi, Brigida, Julia Lienard, Sébastien Aeby, Antony Croxatto, Claire Bertelli, and Gilbert Greub. "Crescent and star shapes of members of the Chlamydiales order: impact of fixative methods." Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 104, no. 4 (2013): 521–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-013-9999-9.

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Members of the Chlamydiales order all share a biphasic lifecycle alternating between small infectious particles, the elementary bodies (EBs) and larger intracellular forms able to replicate, the reticulate bodies. Whereas the classical Chlamydia usually harbours round-shaped EBs, some members of the Chlamydia-related families display crescent and star-shaped morphologies by electron microscopy. To determine the impact of fixative methods on the shape of the bacterial cells, different buffer and fixative combinations were tested on purified EBs of Criblamydia sequanensis, Estrella lausannensis,

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Velasco, Carlos, Andy T. Woods, Lawrence E. Marks, Adrian David Cheok, and Charles Spence. "The semantic basis of taste-shape associations." PeerJ 4 (February 4, 2016): e1644. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1644.

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Previous research shows that people systematically match tastes with shapes. Here, we assess the extent to which matched taste and shape stimuli share a common semantic space and whether semantically congruent versus incongruent taste/shape associations can influence the speed with which people respond to both shapes and taste words. In Experiment 1, semantic differentiation was used to assess the semantic space of both taste words and shapes. The results suggest a common semantic space containing two principal components (seemingly, intensity and hedonics) and two principal clusters, one incl

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Q.Q., Alijanov. "TECHNOLOGY OF PROCESSING SHAPED SURFACES." Results of National Scientific Research 1, no. 6 (2022): 609–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7187383.

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Su, Yuchen, Zhineng Chen, Zhiwen Shao, et al. "LRANet: Towards Accurate and Efficient Scene Text Detection with Low-Rank Approximation Network." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 5 (2024): 4979–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i5.28302.

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Recently, regression-based methods, which predict parameterized text shapes for text localization, have gained popularity in scene text detection. However, the existing parameterized text shape methods still have limitations in modeling arbitrary-shaped texts due to ignoring the utilization of text-specific shape information. Moreover, the time consumption of the entire pipeline has been largely overlooked, leading to a suboptimal overall inference speed. To address these issues, we first propose a novel parameterized text shape method based on low-rank approximation. Unlike other shape repres

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Zou, Xinyan, Min Yang, Siyu Li, and Hai Hu. "Classifying the Shapes of Buildings by Combining Distance Field Enhancement and a Convolution Neural Network." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 13, no. 11 (2024): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110411.

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The shape classification of building objects is crucial in fields such as map generalization and spatial queries. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been used to capture high-level features and classify building shape patterns based on raster representations. However, this raster-based deep learning method binarizes the areas into building and non-building zones and does not account for the distance information between these areas, potentially leading to the loss of shape feature information. To address this limitation, this study introduces a building shape classification met

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Ho, Ching Yen, and Yu Hsiang Tsai. "Shape of Fusion Zone for the Welding Keyhole Induced by an Electron Beam." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.812.

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In this paper analytical predictions of the fusion zone shapes around the welding cavity produced by a moving electron beam are provided. A three-dimensional analytical model in the molten and heat-affected regions surrounding a paraboloid of revolution-shaped cavity is used to predict the shapes of the fusion zones. This work avoids the defect of the infinite temperature at the cavity base for the line-source model. Introducing a new image method, a new analytical solution is provided by satisfying exactly the adiabatic condition at the top surface. The shape of a fusion zone is governed by d

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Attard, Marie R. G., Emma Sherratt, Paul McDonald, Iain Young, Marta Vidal-García, and Stephen Wroe. "A new, three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach to assess egg shape." PeerJ 6 (June 27, 2018): e5052. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5052.

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This paper proposes a new methodology to quantify patterns of egg shape variation using geometric morphometrics of three-dimensional landmarks captured on digitally reconstructed eggshells and demonstrates its performance in capturing shape variation at multiple biological levels. This methodology offers unique benefits to complement established linear measurement or two-dimensional (2D) contour profiling techniques by (i) providing a more precise representation of eggshell curvature by accounting for variation across the entire surface of the egg; (ii) avoids the occurrence of correlations fr

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Anilkumar, P. M., A. Haldar, S. Scheffler, B. N. Rao, and R. Rolfes. "Numerical Studies on the Design of Self-Resetting Active Bistable Cross-Shaped Structure for Morphing Applications." Proceedings 64, no. 1 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecat2020-08482.

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Multistable structures that possess more than one elastically stable equilibrium state are highly attractive for advanced shape-changing (morphing) applications due to the nominal control effort required to maintain the structure in any of its specific stable shapes. The aim of the paper is to develop a bistable cross-shaped structure consisting of symmetric and unsymmetric laminate actuated using Macro Fibre Composite (MFC) actuators. The critical snap-through voltages required to change the shapes are investigated in a commercially available finite element package. The use of MFC actuators t

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Shim, H. B., and K. C. Son. "Optimal Blank Design for the Drawings of Arbitrary Shapes by the Sensitivity Method." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 123, no. 4 (2000): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1398082.

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The sensitivity method is employed in this work in order to find initial blank shapes which result in desired shapes after deformation. By assuming the final deformation shape be the drawn cup with uniform trimming allowance at the flange, the corresponding initial blank which gives the desired final shape after deformation has been found. With the aid of a well-known dynamic explicit analysis code PAM-STAMP, shape sensitivity has been obtained. To get the shape sensitivity numerically, a couple of deformation processes have been analyzed. Drawings of trapezoidal cup, oil pan, and Audi front d

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Wach, Johannes, Johannes Naegeli, Martin Vychopen, et al. "Impact of Shape Irregularity in Medial Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas on Postoperative Cranial Nerve Functioning, Proliferation, and Progression-Free Survival." Cancers 15, no. 12 (2023): 3096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15123096.

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Medial sphenoid wing meningiomas (MSWM) are surgically challenging skull base tumors. Irregular tumor shapes are thought to be linked to histopathology. The present study aims to investigate the impact of tumor shape on postoperative functioning, progression-free survival, and neuropathology. This monocentric study included 74 patients who underwent surgery for primary sporadic MSWM (WHO grades 1 and 2) between 2010 and 2021. Furthermore, a systematic review of the literature regarding meningioma shape and the MIB-1 index was performed. Irregular MSWM shapes were identified in 31 patients (41.

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Kumar, Pramod, Santanu Dwari, Shailendra Singh, Ashok Kumar, N. K. Agrawal, and Utkarsh Kumar. "Analysis and Optimization of Conformal Patch Excited Wideband DRA of Several Shapes." Frequenz 72, no. 5-6 (2018): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2017-0039.

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AbstractIn this paper various shapes of DR antennas excited by common feed have been proposed and successfully implemented for wideband applications. Proposed structures are Hemispherical, Arrow-shaped and Triangular DRA, while common excited feed is inverted trapezoidal conformal patch. These shapes of DR offer significant optimization in several parameters such as impedance bandwidth, peak gain and bandwidth per unit volume of the antenna. By using inverted trapezoidal patch feed mechanism an impedance bandwidth (VSWR<2) of about 63 % for hemispherical shape, 66 % for arrow shape, and 72

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