Journal articles: 'Shaped part'

1

Karpouzian, G., G. Spedding, and H. K. Cheng. "Lunate-tail swimming propulsion. Part 2. Performance analysis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 210 (January 1990): 329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112090001318.

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The theory of an oscillating, high-aspect-ratio, lifting surface with a curved centreline (Cheng & Murillo 1984) is applied to a performance analysis of lunate-tail swimming propulsion. Thrust, power and propulsive efficiency are calculated for model lunate tails with various combinations of mode shapes and morphological features to ascertain the viability of the proportional-feathering concept, and to determine the influence of sweep and centreline curvature. One of the principal conclusions concerns the interchangeability of the heaving amplitude of the peduncle (identified with the major pitching axis) with the centreline sweep, and its effect on the propulsive efficiency, while maintaining the same thrust. Hydrodynamic reasons are also offered for the apparent preference for the crescent-moon fin shape over the V-shape at moderate sweep angles, and for the large sweep angles often found in V-shaped fins.

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Kráľ, Ján, and Ján Kráľ. "Verification of a Three Axis Milling Machine Accuracy in the Process of Complex Shaped Part Production." Applied Mechanics and Materials 474 (January 2014): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.474.261.

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The article presents a design for production of shaped surfaces with the use of 3D milling machine and its control programs in various programming means in order to evaluate the accuracy of produced shaped surfaces as well as their relation to a particular program. The shaped surfaces are mathematically defined. Their advantage lies in possibility of being checked with the use of 3D metre and optimising their shapes with the available mathematical functions. Derivatives come as typical example enabling us to search e.g. function extremes. Programming of the 3D milling machine Emco-Mill control program is done with the use of CATIA V5 and EqCAM. The produced shapes accuracy is checked with the use of 3D Carl-Zeiss coordinate system and a particular software. The solution results in verification and execution of two control programs for 3D shaped surfaces and in evaluation of the mathematically defined shaped surfaces accuracy.

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Xi, Ming Zhe. "Simulation on the Transient Thermal Stress Field of the Wall-Shaped Part Deposited by Laser Direct Metal Powder Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 647 (January 2013): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.647.659.

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A thermo-kinetic model for the transient thermal stress field of the wall-shaped part produced using laser direct powder deposition process is developed. In case of numerical modeling, the capabilities of ANSYS parametric design language and the the ‘birth and death’ element technique were employed. The distribution of the thermal stress of the wall-shaped part at different time was calculated by the model. Results show that during process, the X-direction thermal stress within top layer of the wall-shape part and that within the interior deposited layers of the wall-shape part was tensile stress and compressive stress, respectively. The deformation of the wall-shaped part and base plate was also calculated.

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4

Formby, C. "Simple Triangular Approximations of Auditory Filter Shapes." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 33, no. 3 (September 1990): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3303.530.

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At present, the most popular auditory filter shape model is one with a rounded peak and exponentially decaying filter skirts (Patterson & Moore, 1986). Unfortunately, the complex nature of this “roex” filter model may, in some instances, have hindered the application of the auditory filter shape in clinical measurements of frequency selectivity. Moreover, some of the assumptions of the roex filter model may be violated at high sound-pressure levels (SPLs) and this limitation has also been a factor when considering the roex auditory filter shape in the clinic. Our purpose is to introduce a simplified method that is adequate for obtaining clinically useful estimates of triangular-shaped auditory filters. Although the triangular-shaped filter model faces the same problems as the roex model at high SPLs, the calculations and assumptions underlying the former are far less complicated. The triangular filter model also retains many of the qualitative properties and advantages afforded by roex-fitted auditory filter shapes. In this report, we review the basic concepts underlying auditory filter shape estimates and describe our methods for measuring and fitting the triangular-shaped filter model. We then present normative triangular filter shapes and compare these estimates with auditory filter shapes fitted by other means. Finally, we present selected examples of triangular filter shapes fitted to the masked thresholds of hearing-impaired patients. For the most part, the triangular-shaped filter model offers the clinician a satisfactory compromise for obtaining estimates of auditory filter shape and frequency selectivity at moderately intense and high SPLs.

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Avirovik, D., M. A. Karami, D. Inman, and S. Priya. "L-shaped piezoelectric motor-part II: Analytical modeling." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 59, no. 1 (January 2012): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2012.2161.

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6

Hyams, D. G., and J. H. Leylek. "A Detailed Analysis of Film Cooling Physics: Part III— Streamwise Injection With Shaped Holes." Journal of Turbomachinery 122, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.555435.

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The physics of the film cooling process for shaped, streamwise-injected, inclined jets is studied for blowing ratio (M=1.25,1.88), density ratio (DR=1.6), and length-to-diameter ratio (L/D=4) parameters typical of gas turbine operations. A previously documented computational methodology is applied for the study of five distinct film cooling configurations: (1) cylindrical film hole (reference case); (2) forward-diffused film hole; (3) laterally diffused film hole; (4) inlet shaped film hole, and (5) cusp-shaped film hole. The effect of various film hole geometries on both flow and thermal field characteristics is isolated, and the dominant mechanisms responsible for differences in these characteristics are documented. Special consideration is given to explaining crucial flow mechanisms from a vorticity point of view. It is found that vorticity analysis of the flow exiting the film hole can aid substantially in explaining the flow behavior downstream of the film hole. Results indicate that changes in the film hole shape can significantly alter the distribution of the exit-plane variables, therefore strongly affecting the downstream behavior of the film. Computational solutions of the steady, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations are obtained using an unstructured/adaptive, fully implicit, pressure-correction solver. Turbulence closure is obtained via the high-Reynolds-number k–ε model with generalized wall functions. Detailed field results as well as surface phenomena involving adiabatic film effectiveness (η) and heat transfer coefficient (h) are presented. When possible, computational results are validated against corresponding experimental cases from data found in the open literature. Detailed comparisons are made between surface and field results of the film hole shapes investigated in this work; design criteria for optimizing downstream heat transfer characteristics are then suggested. [S0889-504X(00)01401-X]

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Yamashita, Tamotsu, Hirofumi Matsuhata, Takashi Sekiguchi, Kenji Momose, Hiroshi Osawa, and Makoto Kitabatake. "Characterization of Comet-Shaped Defects on C-Face 4H-SiC Epitaxial Wafers." Materials Science Forum 821-823 (June 2015): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.173.

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The crystallographic structure of comet-shaped defects observed on C-face 4H-SiC epitaxial film was investigated. The comet-shaped defects consist of head and tail part. The tail part shows symmetrical shape with respect to the (1-100) plane in cross section and narrowing along the step-flow direction. The tail part consists of four 3C domains with characteristic twin boundaries of Σ3 and Σ27. The head part consists of 3C poly-crystalline grains formed during epitaxial film growth and its formation is triggered by 3C-SiC particle contamination.

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8

Kim, Il Jung. "Appearance and development of the brazier-shaped pottery (걚形土器) excavated from ancient tomb in the Jinhan and Byeonhan Region." Yeongnam Archaeological Society, no. 82 (September 30, 2018): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47417/yar.2018.82.5.

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The brazier-shaped pottery(盧形土器) was mainly excavated from the wooden chamber tomb as one of the major types of the latter soft grayish pottery(後期瓦質土器) in Jin Byeon Han(弁辰韓) area. According to the latter soft grayish pottery study, the shape of brazier-shaped pottery in the Byeon Jin Han area, had changed with time. But the‘ Byeon Jin Han’is a collective expression of a group of small units, the latter period of the Byeon Jin Han was during when the integration between the groups began to actively proceed. It is also meaningful to look at the aspects between unit sites rather than all Yeongnam province as an entire analysis unit. In this article, it’s focused on examining the differences in patterns of brazier-shaped pottery between unit sites. As a result of the analysis of the pottery, the common attributes shared across the Byeon Jin Han area and the characteristic properties of the unit sites were derived. The common attributes are the size and height of the top part, the maximum circumferential position(胴最大部) and shape, the percentage of foot in total size of the pottery etc.. The common attribute had changed in the forward direction, it’s interpreted it as shared the recognition of brazier-shaped pottery in all the Byeon Jin Han area. Meanwhile, the detailed type differences by units, is interpreted it as the result of selecting specific attributes in the region. Therefore it seems the shape of brazier-shaped pottery in the Byeon Jin Han area that common and optional attributes are combined. It’s examined the process of selective combination of attributes through comparison between regions. Considering the common attributes of the brazier-shaped pottery and the a temporal and spatial change of unit site’s property, there were various types of the pottery from the beginning, it develops in the direction of increasing the quantity with the formation according to the flow of time. As the shape difference between unit ruins decreases in the same time, it became flat in the Gyeongju region, the top part of pottery were developed in the upright direction in the Busan·Gimhae region. It’s changed to be hardened, transformed pottery stand(器臺) with the difference between Gyeongju and Busan·Gimhae region.

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9

Larson, Christine L., Joel Aronoff, Issidoros C. Sarinopoulos, and David C. Zhu. "Recognizing Threat: A Simple Geometric Shape Activates Neural Circuitry for Threat Detection." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 8 (August 2009): 1523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21111.

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The urgent need to recognize danger quickly has been shown to rely on preferential processing in dedicated neural circuitry. In previous behavioral studies examining the pattern of the face when displaying anger, we found evidence that simple noncontextual geometric shapes containing downward-pointing V-shaped angles activate the perception of threat. We here report that the neural circuitry known to be mobilized by many realistic, contextual threatening displays is also triggered by the simplest form of this V-shaped movement pattern, a downward-pointing triangle. Specifically, we show that simple geometric forms containing only downward-pointing V-shapes elicit greater activation of the amygdala, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus, as well as extrastriate visual regions, than do presentations of the identical V-shape pointing upward. Thus, this simple V-shape is capable of activating neural networks instantiating detection of threat and negative affect, suggesting that recognition of potential danger may be based, in part, on very simple, context-free visual cues.

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10

Shayapov, V. R., and B. M. Ayupov. "Optical study of wedge-shaped films Part I Modeling." Journal of Optical Technology 83, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jot.83.000441.

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11

Shayapov, V. R., and M. S. Lebedev. "Optical study of wedge-shaped films Part II Experiments." Journal of Optical Technology 83, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jot.83.000447.

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12

Igarashi, Tatsuki, Yukihiro Ito, Wataru Natsu, and Toshihiko Kuwabara. "Simulation of Ring Blank Drawing by Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.102.

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Ring-shaped oil seals used in automobiles are usually manufactured by the press drawing and the press blanking considering the shape and the use application. In this process of manufacturing, the material availability is quite low because the central region part is cut from the product and becomes the waste material. We propose the forming method by the press drawing using a ring-shaped blank for the metallic part of the oil seal in order to improve the material availability and reduce the number of processes. In this research, the forming accuracy using the ring-shaped blank was investigated by the forming simulation. As the result, when the knockout was fixed in order to generate the sufficient bottoming by the punch, it was found that the bottom part can be formed flatly and the angle part can be formed almost right. Furthermore, it was found that the inside diameter of the formed product is proportional to the inside diameter of the blank except the case when the bottom part of the formed product is small. Hence, the required inside diameter of the ring-shaped blank can be calculated with the proportional relationship.

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13

Peng, An Hua. "Methods of Improving Part Accuracy during Rapid Prototyping." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.760.

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Improving part quality during rapid prototyping is the important problem. The part errors during rapid prototyping is classified in dimension error, shaped error and roughness of surface. The shaped errors have many forms in fused deposition modeling (FDM), largely including warpage deformation, stair-stepping effect, and so on. There are several reasons for the errors, including principle, process and equipment. The reasons inducing these errors are analyzed, and the measures improving part accuracy are proposed

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14

Yu, Hongli, Wenliang Long, Jia Qing, and Yuangu Xiong. "Spatial Three-dimensional Technology of Special-shaped Pier Based on BIM." Smart Construction Research 1 (August 20, 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/scr.v1.306.

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The development of society pushes people to pay increasing attention to the appearance of bridges apart from their quality and safety. It turns to be an inevitable trend of the emergence of bridges with novel forms and unique shapes, which could not only meet traffic demand, but also effectively integrate with their surrounding environment to form a beautiful landscape. However, complicated structure and unique shape make it difficult of the bridge construction. As the basic part of construction, pier model affects the construction of pier formwork and pier reinforcement. Currently, BIM has been widely used in the construction industry in China. Nevertheless, there has not been any cases of the formwork design nor reinforcement processing of spatial three- dimensional special-shaped pier. And it is the first time for the construction of spatial three-dimensional special-shaped bridge. So it is of great significance of the analysis on spatial three-dimensional technology of special-shaped pier based on BIM to promote the development of construction industry.

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Yu, Hongli, Wenliang Long, Jia Qing, and Yuangu Xiong. "Spatial Three-dimensional Technology of Special-shaped Pier Based on BIM." Smart Construction Research 1, no. 1 (August 20, 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/scr.v1i1.306.

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The development of society pushes people to pay increasing attention to the appearance of bridges apart from their quality and safety. It turns to be an inevitable trend of the emergence of bridges with novel forms and unique shapes, which could not only meet traffic demand, but also effectively integrate with their surrounding environment to form a beautiful landscape. However, complicated structure and unique shape make it difficult of the bridge construction. As the basic part of construction, pier model affects the construction of pier formwork and pier reinforcement. Currently, BIM has been widely used in the construction industry in China. Nevertheless, there has not been any cases of the formwork design nor reinforcement processing of spatial three- dimensional special-shaped pier. And it is the first time for the construction of spatial three-dimensional special-shaped bridge. So it is of great significance of the analysis on spatial three-dimensional technology of special-shaped pier based on BIM to promote the development of construction industry.

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16

Jeng, M. C., G. R. Zhou, and A. Z. Szeri. "A Thermohydrodynamic Solution of Pivoted Thrust Pads: Part II—Static Loading." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261163.

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This is Part II, of a three-part sequence of papers on pivoted thrust pads. In this paper we apply the thermohydrodynamic theory of Part I to statically loaded, sector shaped pivoted thrust pads. The film shape is arbitrary and pad deformation can be specified once the geometry of the pad and the geometry of its support system are known. Presently we assume spherical crowning of the pad: crowning presents us with an opportunity to discuss film cavitation and its effects. Spherical-crowning is advantageous to employ, because it can be represented by a single parameter and because it yields the approximate shape of a loaded pivoted pad.

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17

Cui, Xiaohui, Ang Xiao, Zhihao Du, Ziqin Yan, and Hailiang Yu. "Springback Reduction of L-Shaped Part Using Magnetic Pulse Forming." Metals 10, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10030390.

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This study proposes an electromagnetic-assisted stamping (EMAS) method with magnetic-force loading at the sheet end in order to control the springback phenomenon. The new method does not change the structure of the mold and does not generate a magnetic force at the sheet corner compared to traditional EMAS. Thus, the new approach could greatly extend the mold lifespan and could be readily adopted in commercial production environments. The effects of technological parameters, such as the distance between the blank holder and die, discharge voltage, and sheet thickness on the springback phenomenon were analyzed. Our results suggest that tangential stress and elastic strain energy both decrease with the increase of discharge voltage. The simulation method accurately predicted the deformation of the sheet during the quasi-static stamping and dynamic magnetic forming processes. The simulation and experimental results both show that as the discharge voltage increases, the bent angle after springback decreases.

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18

Avirovik, D., and S. Priya. "L-shaped piezoelectric motor-Part I: Design and experimental analysis." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 59, no. 1 (January 2012): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2012.2160.

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19

Udhayakumar, S., P. V. Mohanram, P. Keerthi Anand, and R. Srinivasan. "Trap based part feeding system for stacking sector shaped parts." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 36, no. 2 (August 20, 2013): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-013-0086-y.

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NAKASUGA, Ryo, Kazuki OGAWA, Takayoshi NARITA, and Hideaki KATO. "Noncontact Guide Control in Loop-shaped Part of Magnetic Material." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2021.27 (2021): 11F02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2021.27.11f02.

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21

Liu, Jie. "SLC Technologies for Ferroalloy Part Surface Modification." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 2194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.2194.

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Experiments on selective laser sintering of iron based alloy and nano-Al2O3 ceramic bulk materials are carried out and effect of sintering parameters on the process is analyzed systematically. A reasonable selective laser sintering technique which can be used to fabricate parts with free shape is obtained and verified with a multilayer sintering experiment. The component and the microstructure of the sintering production is tested. The influences of parameters and the amount of nano-Al2O3 on microstructure and microhardness of the sintering parts are studied. Laser sintering iron-based alloy experiments show that: microhardness has been noticeably improved. It is indicated that with the selective laser sintering technique obtained above, nano-alumina can be processed to manufacture three-dimension parts with free shape. With the addition of Al2O3 and the increase of composite parts of the grain gradually thinning, microhardness gradually improved nanocomposite parts for the microstructure of the dendrite skeleton-shaped crystal and the plane together, the internal Al2O3 dispersion organizations to strengthen the implicit crystal martensite and ferrite mixed organizations.

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22

Ma, Wen Yu, Jian Wei Yang, Ye Yao, Yong Qiang Zhang, and Jun Zhang. "The Analysis on the Stamping Formability of High Strength Steel." Key Engineering Materials 885 (May 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.885.3.

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Recently the high strength steel has been applied in the automotive more and more widely. In this study, the effect of blank shape on the formability of an automotive part was analyzed. The three kinds of blank shapes were chosen, including a rectangular shaped blank, a blank with two corners cut straightly and a blank with two corners cut in curve. The effect of the variable blank holder force on the formability was studied. The four kinds of variable blank holder force were applied. The blank shape in this part is the blank with two corners cut curve. The results show that the blank with two corners curve is the most suitable. And the blank holder force from 1000 kN to 1500 kN is the most useful for the formability.

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23

Trabold, Thomas A., and Ranganathan Kumar. "High Pressure Annular Two-Phase Flow in a Narrow Duct: Part I—Local Measurements in the Droplet Field." Journal of Fluids Engineering 122, no. 2 (January 25, 2000): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483266.

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Detailed measurements have been made in a high pressure, adiabatic (boiled at the inlet) annular flow in a narrow, high aspect ratio duct using a gamma densitometer, hot-film anemometer and high-speed video photography. Measurements of void fraction, droplet frequency, velocity, drop size, and interfacial area concentration have been made to support the three-field computational capability. An important aspect of this testing is the use of a modeling fluid (R-134a) in a vertical duct which permits visual access in annular flow. This modeling fluid accurately simulates the low liquid-to-vapor density ratio of steam-water flows at high pressures. These measurements have been taken in a narrow duct of hydraulic diameter 4.85 mm, and a cross-section aspect ratio of 22.5. However, the flow displays profiles of various shapes not only in the narrow dimension, but also in the width dimension. In particular, the shape of the void profiles depends on the entrained droplet flux from the edges in the vapor core. The average diameter from these profiles compare well with the models developed in the literature. Interfacial area concentration for these low density ratio flows is higher than the highest concentration reported for air-water flows. Video records show that along with the bow-shaped waves, three-dimensional λ-shaped waves appear in annular flows for high flow rates. [S0098-2202(00)00902-0]

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Çiçek, K. Furkan, Merve Erdal, and Altan Kayran. "Experimental and numerical study of process-induced total spring-in of corner-shaped composite parts." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 16 (September 19, 2016): 2347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316669993.

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Process-induced total spring-in of corner-shaped composite parts manufactured via autoclave-forming technique using unidirectional prepreg is studied both numerically and experimentally. In the numerical study, a three-dimensional finite element model which takes into account the cure shrinkage of the resin, anisotropic material properties of the composite part and the tool-part interaction is developed. The outcome of the numerical model is verified experimentally. For this purpose, U-shaped composite parts are manufactured via autoclave-forming technique. Process-induced total spring-in, due to the combined effect of material anisotropy and tool-part interaction, at different sections of the U-shaped parts are measured with use of the combination of the three-dimensional optical scanning technique and the generative shape design. Total spring-in determined by the numerical model is found to be in good agreement with the average total spring-in measured experimentally. The effect of tool-part interaction mechanism on the total spring-in is studied separately to ascertain its effect on the total spring-in behavior clearly. It is shown that with the proper modeling of the tool-part interaction, numerically determined total spring-in approaches the experimentally determined total spring-in.

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Leicht, D. C., O. H. Yeoh, A. N. Gent, J. Padovan, and R. L. Mullen. "Adhesion Failure in Bonded Rubber Cylinders Part 1: Internal Penny-Shaped Cracks." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547731.

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Abstract Rubber disks bonded between flat parallel metal plates are often used as adhesion test specimens such as ASTMD 429 1999, Method A. However, the mechanics of adhesion failure (debonding) for this geometry have not been fully analyzed previously. Therefore, a study has been conducted of the strain energy release rate (tearing energy) for bonded rubber disks having cracks at the rubber-to-metal bond. In this paper, we consider internal penny-shaped cracks. A future paper will discuss external ring cracks. Finite element analysis was used to determine the tearing energy as a function of crack length for disks of various dimensions (shape factors). The crack configurations considered were an internal penny shaped crack located at the center of either one or both rubber-to-metal bonds. The rubber was assumed to be linearly elastic and nearly incompressible. For any bonded disk held in constant tension, the tearing energy was found to be a non-linear function of crack length. For small cracks, the tearing energy was linearly related to the crack length. As the crack grew, the tearing energy increased until it passed through a maximum value. The peak tearing energy was found to depend on the height of the disk. Finally, for large cracks, the tearing energy decreased as the crack grew. Analytical and empirical models were developed and shown to be in good agreement for both small and large cracks in disks of different dimensions.

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Rocha, L. A. O., G. C. Montanari, E. D. Dos Santos, and A. Da S. Rocha. "CONSTRUCTAL DESIGN APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF CAVITIES INTO A SOLID CONDUCTING WALL." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2007): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v6i1.61816.

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This paper relies on the Constructal Design to optimize the geometry of a cavity that penetrates into a solid conducting wall. The objective is to minimize the global thermal resistance between the solid and the cavity. There is uniform heat generation on the solid wall. We studied three shapes of the cavity: rectangular, triangular, and elliptical. The total volume and the cavity volume are fixed with variable aspect ratios. The cavity shape is optimal when it penetrates the conducting wall completely. The rectangular cavity performs better than the elliptical and triangular ones. On the other side, the elliptical cavity has better performance than the triangular one. We also optimized a first construct, i.e., a cavity shaped as T. The performance of the T-shaped cavity is superior to that of the rectangular cavity optimized in the first part of the paper.

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Blake, J. R., B. B. Taib, and G. Doherty. "Transient cavities near boundaries. Part 1. Rigid boundary." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 170 (September 1986): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112086000988.

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The growth and collapse of transient vapour cavities near a rigid boundary in the presence of buoyancy forces and an incident stagnation-point flow are modelled via a boundary-integral method. Bubble shapes, particle pathlines and pressure contours are used to illustrate the results of the numerical solutions. Migration of the collapsing bubble, and subsequent jet formation, may be directed either towards or away from the rigid boundary, depending on the relative magnitude of the physical parameters. For appropriate parameter ranges in stagnation-point flow, unusual ‘hour-glass’ shaped bubbles are formed towards the end of the collapse of the bubble. It is postulated that the final collapsed state of the bubble may be two toroidal bubbles/ring vortices of opposite circulation. For buoyant vapour cavities the Kelvin impulse is used to obtain criteria which determine the direction of migration and subsequent jet formation in the collapsing bubble.

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Udhayakumar, S., P. V. Mohanram, S. Yeshwanth, Manas Ranjan Biswal, and A. Sabareeswaran. "Development of an adaptive part feeder for handling sector-shaped parts." Assembly Automation 34, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-04-2013-043.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss a linear vibratory part feeder for handling brake liners, typical sector-shaped components. Part feeders have been used in the industries for a long time to present the parts in a desired orientation. Berretty et al. (1999) discussed a class of mechanical filters that are capable of removing polygonal sections from the track of the feeder which are referred to as traps. The traps eliminate or reorient the parts until they reach the final desired orientation. A part feeder was developed using traps, to reorient the sector-shaped part to desired orientation. The desired orientation was the most probable natural resting orientation. The trap was mounted on a linear vibratory feeder. The adaptive part feeder developed was capable of identifying the size of the incoming part and adjust the trap to accommodate that. This set-up eliminates the use of different traps for different-sized sector-shaped parts and wastage of productive time in changing the traps for different sizes. A regression model was developed to predict the conveying velocity of part on the feeder. Design/methodology/approach – A part feeder was developed using traps, to reorient the sector-shaped part to desired orientation. Acrylic material was found to be suitable for trap compared to aluminium. The adaptive part feeder developed was capable of identifying the size of the incoming part using proximity sensors. Depending on the size of the incoming part, the track width was adjusted dynamically with the help of a stepper motor, rack and pinion arrangement. A regression model was developed to predict the conveying velocity. Findings – Typical brake liners in the size range of 40-60 mm (radius) were considered for developing the adaptive part feeder. Based on performance studies, the acrylic trap was found better than aluminium traps. The appropriate frequency and amplitude of vibration for maximum conveying velocity of the adaptive part feeder were found experimentally. Regression equation was developed to determine the conveying velocity based on input frequency and amplitude. The regression results were found to be in close agreement with the experimental results. Research limitations/implications – The developed part feeder is suitable for handling sector-shaped parts only. Originality/value – This paper demonstrates an inexpensive adaptive part feeding device for handling sector-shaped parts which can be extended for handling other asymmetric parts also.

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Huang Yong, 黄. 勇., 孙文磊 Sun Wenlei, and 陈. 影. Chen Ying. "Trajectory planning of laser cladding remanufacturing for complex shaft shaped part." Infrared and Laser Engineering 46, no. 5 (2017): 506005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla201746.0506005.

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Chemezov, Denis Alexandrovich, Irina Mikhailovna Pavluhina, Oleg Viktorovich Gorbatenko, Ivan Mikhailovich Mochalov, Evgeniy Dmitrievich Pavlov, Oksana Alexandrovna Dubova, Elena Evgenyevna Kiseleva, and Elena Viktorovna Lezova. "MANUFACTURING OF A CASE-SHAPED PART IN CONDITIONS OF SHEET STAMPING." Theoretical & Applied Science 73, no. 05 (May 30, 2019): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2019.05.73.11.

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Brown, John, P. J. Edwards, and P. R. Lee. "Studies of shaped charges with built-in asymmetries. Part II: Modelling." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 21, no. 2 (April 1996): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19960210202.

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Lorenc, W., M. Kożuch, and S. Rowiński. "The behaviour of puzzle-shaped composite dowels — Part II: Theoretical investigations." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 101 (October 2014): 500–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.05.012.

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Lorenc, W., M. Kożuch, and S. Rowiński. "The behaviour of puzzle-shaped composite dowels — Part I: Experimental study." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 101 (October 2014): 482–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.05.013.

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Wyatt, George R., and Herbert E. Huppert. "Dense Suspension Flow in a Penny-Shaped Crack, Part I : Theory." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 152 (July 2021): 104417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2021.104417.

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Wang, Mi, Zhong Yi Cai, Zhou Sui, and Ming Zhe Li. "Numerical Investigation of Continuous Roll Forming for Three-Dimensional Surface Parts." Advanced Materials Research 849 (November 2013): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.849.287.

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Continuous roll forming is a new technology for manufacturing three-dimensional surface parts. Extensive numerical simulations of continuous roll forming process were carried out. The influence of the middle curve and the magnitude of the roll gap on the longitudinal curvature of formed parts is investigated. Wrinkling is one of the most important defects for the formed parts in continuous roll forming process. A simplified model was established for analyzing the wrinkling of saddle-shaped part and torus-shaped part. The simulated results show that the wrinkling of saddle-shaped part is located at the edges, and the wrinkling of torus-shaped part emerges in the vicinity of middle region.

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Welt, F., and V. J. Modi. "Vibration Damping Through Liquid Sloshing, Part 2: Experimental Results." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 114, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930227.

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Experiments designed to evaluate performance of partially filled torus shaped nutation dampers, undergoing steady-state forced excitation in translational motion, are described. The forces exerted by the fluid on the damper walls are measured over a range of system parameters. Results suggest that low liquid heights and large diameter ratios with the system operating at liquid sloching resonance lead to increased damping. On the other hand, low Reynolds numbers and presence of obstacles, such as baffles, tend to reduce the peak efficiency by restricting the action of the free surface. The theory, based on the potential flow approach and corrected for viscosity near the solid boundary, generally yields the right trends while underestimating the amount of dissipation within the torus. A flow visualization study qualitatively confirms the nature of the mode shapes predicted by the theory.

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Chai, Herzl. "Buckling and Post-buckling Behavior of Elliptical Plates: Part II—Results." Journal of Applied Mechanics 57, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897672.

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The large-deflection plate solution developed in Part I is used here to study the buckling and post-buckling deformation and stress characteristics of an elliptically-shaped surface layer that has been delaminated from a large material body. The economical, yet accurate nature of this solution, together with available graphic routines, has made it possible to present, figuratively, a comprehensive description of the plate behavior. The conditions for a layer-substrate overlap and the variations of membrane and bending stresses along the plate boundary are emphasized. Deformations were induced either by a normal pressure or a biaxial displacement field applied to the plate boundary. The problem variables are plate size and shape, details of load biaxiality, and load level.

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Dong, Hong Bo, and Gao Chao Wang. "Defect Analysis of Cup-Shaped Aluminum Alloy Forgings with Flange." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.349.

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Effect of the size and shape of cup shaped forgings with flange on forming capability of aluminum alloy was investigated. The numerical simulation was carried out on the extrusion forming process for each part using two-dimensional elastoplastic finite element method. The metal flow behavior was analyzed, and the forming defects were predicted. Meanwhile, the corresponding experimental researches were conducted. The results show that the forming defects like folding or crack appear in each aluminum alloy forging. The size and shape of cup shaped parts have a great influence on the type and size of forming defects. Good agreement is found between the numerical results and experimental work. The results present important references for technology analysis and mould design.

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Wang, Jing Ling, Zhong Yr Cai, Mine Zhe Li, and Hui Yang. "Influence of Element Number on Shape Accuracy in Multi-Point Stretch Forming of Air Craft." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2240.

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Multi-point stretch forming is a flexible manufacturing technique for three-dimensional shape forming of craft skin. Its die surface is constructed by many pairs of matrices of elements whose height is controlled by computer. It uses the curved surface of elements instead of the die surface. The element numberis an important parameter because it has great influence on the part quality. This paper simulates the forming process of paraboloid part and saddle-shaped part with different number of elements and studies the influence of element number on the shape accuracy of the part .That will provides guidance for the application of multi-point stretch forming.

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Radvilaitė, Urtė, Álvaro Ramírez-Gómez, Arūnas Jaras, Rimantas Kačianauskas, and Dainius Rusakevičius. "LOW-RESOLUTION SPHERICAL HARMONICS MODELS IN APPLICATION TO QUASI-QUADRIC PARTICLE SHAPES." Engineering Structures and Technologies 8, no. 4 (December 16, 2016): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2016.1268073.

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In this paper a numerical analysis was performed developing low-resolution spherical harmonics (LRSH) models in order to describe particle shapes. The potential of LRSH, limited by the expansion degree L ≤ 3, to describe quasi-regular particle shapes was explored. The term “quasi” is used hereafter to indicate the monomeric, almost regular shaped, particle described by a single continuous function. This approach reflects the shape of a major part of soil minerals. It was shown, that even the simplest case of the suggested low-resolution harmonics technique with L = 1 showed sufficient accuracy. The main drawback of the suggested approach was that the low-resolution harmonics yield particle shapes with nearly sharp angles, there-fore, enhanced analysis of local surface curvatures becomes necessary. An application using quasi-ellipsoidal particles is enclosed.

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Hagen, Sjang L. Ten. "How “Facts” Shaped Modern Disciplines." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 49, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 300–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2019.49.3.300.

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This history of the concept of fact reveals that the fact-oriented practices of German physicists and historians derived from common origins. The concept of fact became part of the German language remarkably late. It gained momentum only toward the end of the eighteenth century. I show that the concept of fact emerged as part of a historical knowledge tradition, which comprised both human and natural empirical study. Around 1800, parts of this tradition, including the concept of fact, were integrated into the epistemological basis of several emerging disciplines, including physics and historiography. During this process of discipline formation, the concept of fact remained fluid. I reveal this fluidity by unearthing different interpretations and roles of facts in different German contexts around 1800. I demonstrate how a fact-based epistemology emerged at the University of Göttingen in the late eighteenth century, by focusing on universal historian August Ludwig Schlözer and the experimentalist Georg Christoph Lichtenberg. In a time of scientific and political revolutions, they regarded facts as eternal knowledge, contrasting them with short-lived theories and speculations. Remarkably, Schlözer and Lichtenberg construed facts as the basis of Wissenschaft, but not as Wissenschaft itself. Only after 1800, empirically minded German physicists and historians granted facts self-contained value. As physics and historiography became institutionalized at German universities, the concept of fact acquired different interpretations in different disciplinary settings. These related to fact-oriented research practices, such as precision measurement in physics and source criticism in historiography.

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Harvestine, Jenna Nicole, Brandon Anthony Mikulski, Kirsten Mary Mahuta, James Zachary Crouse, Xiaoru Guo, Jung Chull Lee, Katarina Senn Midelfort, Junhong Chen, and Wujie Zhang. "Hydrogels: A Novel Red-Blood-Cell-Shaped Pectin-Oligochitosan Hydrogel System (Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 9/2014)." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 31, no. 9 (September 2014): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201470035.

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Sun, L. Y., Bang Yan Ye, Q. X. Xia, and Xiu Quan Cheng. "Analysis on Forming Characteristics of Cup-Shaped Thin-Walled Inner Gear Spinning." Key Engineering Materials 455 (December 2010): 544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.544.

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Spin-forming is a new near net-shape forming process for cup-shaped thin-walled inner gear (CTIG). The CTIG spinning was investigated by numerical simulation and processing experiments. The results show that the compressive deformation along tangential direction on the internal surface of part leads to a reduction in root circle of spun part; and the local loading and friction work result in the nonuniform radial deformation on the external surface of spun part. For spin-forming of CTIG with a small number of teeth, the diameter reduction is feasible for improving the forming quality of tooth groove, while the nonuniform radial deformation would cause concaves on external surface of part. For spin-forming of CTIG with a large number of teeth, the diameter reduction is not conducive to removing the part from the mandrel.

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NOROTTE, GILLES. "THE “PENDULUM LAW” - HOW TO EXPLAIN THE SPINAL SHAPE? PART I." Coluna/Columna 17, no. 1 (March 2018): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120181701172493.

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ABSTRACT The author uses the classical parameters that allow studying the sagittal form of the spine, following a vertebral semantics (lordosis, kyphosis, spinopelvic parameters, and sagittal balance). Then he proposes a very different perspective that analyzes the shape of the column, not in the sagittal-coronal plane but in the vertical plane, that is, integrating gravity as a three-dimensional construction axis. Beginning with an analysis of the global body scheme of which the column is part, the muscular synergies are introduced using reference points, defining tension lines, anatomical and functional arches, highlighting the importance of the respiratory function that stabilizes the shape of the thoracolumbar spine. This shows that, whatever the pelvic or frequent anomalies, the biomechanical scheme depends on a single unique law related to gravity: the “pendulum law”. This allows us to define an ideal shaped spine, in comparison to different models, evoking the semantic practical and therapeutic interest of such a perspective.

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Архипов, Дмитрий, Dmitriy Arkhipov, Сергей Евтушенко, Sergey Evtushenko, Геннадий Скибин, and Gennadiy Skibin. "Field research of a wedge-shaped core on the models of the strip foundations with variable geometric shape." Construction and Architecture 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3382.

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Many authors noted in the field research on the models of rigid foundations that a compacted wedge-shaped core of soil is formed with the destruction of the bases, which is a natural extension of the foundation. In the research of the strip foundation model with variable geometric shape of the foundation base, a compaction soil area of spherical shape with a diameter close to the width of the foundation model is found on a sand base. A wedge-shaped core, along the edges of which there has been a shift in mass of the base when achieving the ultimate loading, has been noted in a compaction soil area. The solid part of the foundation base is the compacted wedge-shaped core base, the height of the wedge-shaped core being commensurate with the length of the elements forming the foundation. Identified geometric parameters of compacted core under the foundation base of strip foundation with geometrically variable shape can be used in determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil of the base for such foundations.

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Achour, Bachir, and Mohammed Riabi. "Design of a Pressurized Trapezoidal Shaped Conduit Using the Rough Model Method (Part 1)." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.892.

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Through the Rough Model Method (RMM) an explicit calculation is proposed to solve the complex problem of the design of a pressurized trapezoidal shaped conduit characterized by three linear dimensions. Firstly, the method is applied to a rough model of the same shape in order to establish the equations governing its geometric and hydraulic characteristics. These equations are then secondly used to easily deduce the required linear dimensions of the current conduit by introducing a non-dimensional correction factor. The application of the obtained relationships requires only a strict minimum of data. All relationships provided in this article are applicable to the entire domain of the turbulent flow. Practical examples are taken to enable the hydraulic engineer to better understanding the advocated method and to observe the facility with which design of such a geometric profile can be performed.

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Achour, Bachir, and Ali Bedjaoui. "Design of a Pressurized Trapezoidal Shaped Conduit Using the Rough Model Method (Part 2)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1828–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1828.

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Through the Rough Model Method (RMM) an explicit calculation is proposed to solve the complex problem of the design of a pressurized trapezoidal shaped conduit characterized by three linear dimensions. Firstly, the method is applied to a rough model of the same shape in order to establish the equations governing its geometric and hydraulic characteristics. These equations are then secondly used to easily deduce the required linear dimensions of the current conduit by introducing a non-dimensional correction factor. The application of the obtained relationships requires only a strict minimum of data. All relationships provided in this article are applicable to the entire domain of the turbulent flow. Practical examples are taken to enable the hydraulic engineer to better understanding the advocated method and to observe the facility with which design of such a geometric profile can be performed.

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Hishida, M., and Y. Nagano. "Turbulence Measurements With Symmetrically Bent V-Shaped Hot-Wires. Part 2: Measuring Velocity Components and Turbulent Shear Stresses." Journal of Fluids Engineering 110, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3243544.

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An analysis of the response of a V-shaped hot-wire to velocity component fluctuations is presented. A V-shaped hot-wire works in the same manner as a conventional inclined straight wire. The great differences are: the V-shaped wire is less sensitive to the w component of velocity; the V-shaped wire can be supported just like a cantilever, and thus the wire may be brought closer to the wall until it touches the wall surface, whereas an inclined straight wire is kept away from the wall by the supports, and a probe body distorts the flow field.

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Fröhlich, Július. "Origin of the spade-shaped staters of the Púchov Culture and the first contemporary forgery of that type." Numismatické listy 72, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2017): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nl-2017-0001.

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Abstract The spade-shaped staters from the area characterized by the Púchov Culture in Slovakia differ from other Celtic coins by their special spade-shaped form and also by their material. The known types of the spade-shaped staters were made – with some exceptions – of alloy with different portions of gold and silver. The first stater here, because of its weight, characteristic shape and finding place (near Dubnica nad Váhom, Slovakia), could be classified under the type preceding all other types of the spade-shaped staters. The second piece – a part cut from a spade-shaped stater – represents a contemporary forgery of the same type as it is in the case of the previous coin. The core of the forged specimen is made of high-quality silver plated by a thick gold foil. This kind of forgeries is known mainly from the Hellenistic period, these pieces come from the Macedonian-Thracian region, and they appeared in the Celtic milieu starting with the 3rd century BC.

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Shi, Qi Qi, Jian Pin Lin, Mao Kang Lv, and Ke Chen. "Analysis of the Influence of Reinforcement Parameters on Springback of U-Shape Part." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1151.

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The sidewall curl caused by springback widely exists in the U-shape part especially to the advanced high-strength steel. Based on the mechanism of springback and the curl, this paper proposes that the reinforcement is useful to control the U-shaped part’s sidewall curl. The influence law of section parameters such as width, height etc on springback are analyzed. Then a sensitivity analysis was conducted and the prior order of sensitivity factors is given. The result indicates adding the geometric features of reinforcement to part is effective to control the springback and also provides the advice for the springback engineering control in the beginning of part design.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shaped part'

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