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Bethea, Dana M. "Foraging ecology of the early life stages of four shark species (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, Carcharhinus limbatus, Carcharhinus isodon, and Carcharhinus brevipinna) in Apalachicola Bay, Florida." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04252003-160742/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Hsu, Chia-Man Grace. "The impact of earnings performance on price sensitive disclosures under the Australian continuous disclosure regime /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18877.pdf.
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Anderson, Nancy Lottridge. "Three essays on the mutual fund marketplace the use of distribution channels and market segmentation /." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04012008-121348.
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Ford, Ryan Michael. "Diet and Reproductive Biology of the Blacknose Shark (Carcharhinus Acronotus) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/347.
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The blacknose shark (Carcharhinus acronotus) is a common small coastal shark species found in nearshore waters along the southeast coast of the United States, from North Carolina into the Gulf of Mexico and extending further south into the Bahamas. There has been some debate in recent years over the reproductive periodicity of C. acronotus in waters off the U.S. coast. Earlier studies have suggested that Gulf C. acronotus reproduce on an annual basis whereas the Atlantic populations of this species may reproduce biennially. Additionally, there have been no known studies on the diet of C. acronotus. The goal of the present study was to re-evaluate the reproductive biology of the Atlantic populations of C. acronotus with the intent on clarifying discrepancies in reproduction as well as provide information on dietary trends. This was accomplished by examining male and female reproductive tracts and gut contents in animals caught throughout the Atlantic range of C. acronotus. Based on these data, spermatogenesis occurs between late May to early July with peak sperm production occurring in June and July. In females, follicular development is complete by late June-early July with ovulation occurring shortly afterwards. Mating occurs between mid-June and early July based on the presence of fresh mating scars on females captured during this time. Current data suggests that gestation begins late July with parturition occurring late May to early June the following year. As observed in earlier studies, reproductive periodicity appears to be largely biennial. However, evidence for concurrent follicular development and pregnancy was observed in several females, suggesting that at least a portion of the Atlantic population may reproduce on an annual basis. Dietary data shows a dominance of teleost prey items in the diets of C. acronotus with scianids making up the majority of the identifiable teleosts.
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McCallister, Michael Philip. "Abundance, Distribution, and Habitat Use of Sharks in Two Northeast Florida Estuaries." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/352.
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Sharks are considered top predators in many marine ecosystems, and can play an important role in structuring those communities. As a result, it is necessary to understand the factors that influence their abundance and distribution. This is particularly important as fishery managers develop fishery management plans for sharks that identify areas that serve as essential fish habitat (EFH). This includes nursery habitat where sharks are born and juveniles spend the early part of their life. However, our understanding of shark habitat use in the northeast Florida waters is limited. The goal of this thesis was to characterize the abundance and distribution of sharks in northeast Florida estuaries, and to examine the effect of abiotic and biotic factors affecting shark habitat use. A bottom longline survey conducted from 2009 – 2011 indicated that 11 shark species use the estuarine waters of northeast Florida during summer months. Atlantic sharpnose (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae), blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus), bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo), and sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) were the most abundant species and made up 87.1% of the total catch. Month, bottom water temperature, and depth were the most important factors determining the presence and abundance of these species. This study also examined the role of prey abundance in determining the abundance of Atlantic sharpnose sharks. The probability of catching an Atlantic sharpnose shark, and the abundance of Atlantic sharpnose sharks, were most influenced by site. Neither potential prey abundance nor preferred prey abundance were not significant factors effecting Atlantic sharpnose abundance. This may be a result of prey sampling not providing an accurate measure of the true availability of prey resources. Other factors, such as predation risk, may better explain habitat use patterns of Atlantic sharpnose sharks. Continued sampling will give a better understanding of the factors influencing shark habitat use in this area.
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Porwal, Anmol. "Drivers of Australian merger waves industry shocks, mis-valuation, and capital liquidity : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business (MBus), 2008." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/648.
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The purpose of this thesis is to test the extended industry shock hypothesis, which accounts for a macro-economic capital liquidity element, in determining the drivers of merger waves. Various theories have been extended by the literature and these are broadly classified under the neo-classical theory of merger waves and the behavioural theory of merger waves. Behavioural theories have explained merger waves by taking into account the psychology of stock markets and the occurrence of merger waves during a stock market boom. The industry shock hypothesis (a neo-classical theory) however, argues that merger waves are due to the clustering of industry shocks that affect an industry’s operating environment. Along with this shock, the mis-valuation caused by a stock market boom increases asset values, thereby lowering transaction costs and hence increasing capital liquidity in the economy. This capital liquidity factor causes merger waves to cluster even if industry shocks do not. The findings in this study show that industry level merger waves exist in Australia and they occur when there is sufficient capital liquidity in the economy. The industry shock variables are found to be insignificant; however they do improve the explanatory power of the explanatory variables used in predicting the start of a merger wave. The mis-valuation variables used in this study: market-to-book ratio, 3-year return and standard deviation of the 3-year return, are insignificant and do not have any explanatory powers in predicting the start of a merger wave. Merger and acquisition announcements made to acquire Australian firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX), are collected and analysed for the period from 1996 to 2007. The methodology used in this study is adopted from Harford (2005), which uses legit models to predict the start of merger waves. The explanatory variables are also adopted from Harford’s (2005) study and include proxies for mis-valuation, industry shock and capital liquidity. Overall, the results obtained for the Australian merger and acquisition data are inconclusive as to whether industry shocks because industry merger waves as Harford (2005) documented for the US merger and acquisition data. However, industry level merger waves do exist, as there is clustering in time of firm-level mergers within industries. Moreover, sufficient capital liquidity must be present to accommodate the necessary transactions.
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Senthilnathan, Samithamby. "The role of the most recent prior period's price in value relevance studies : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Finance at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/930.
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Numerous value relevance investigations use the Ohlson (1995) model to empirically explore the value relevance of accounting variables such as earnings and goodwill amortisation by employing equity price as the dependent variable, but do not incorporate the most recent prior period’s equity price as an additional explanatory variable. The Ohlson (1995) model and the efficient market literature indicate that, since share prices represent the present value of future permanent earnings in an efficient market, the most recent prior period’s equity price should be a crucial variable for explaining the current price in value relevance models. This thesis therefore outlines how the Ohlson (1995) model incorporates the most recent prior period’s price as a potentially important value relevant explanatory variable, and reformulates the Ohlson (1995) model to demonstrate how the empirical specification of value relevance regression models can be greatly improved by including the most recent prior period’s price as an additional explanatory variable. We revisit the Jennings, LeClere, and Thompson (2001) empirical specification used to study whether goodwill amortisation is value relevant and potentially informative with respect to future earnings to illustrate the improvement to the Ohlson (1995) value relevance model empirical specification. When the model specification is improved by including the most recent prior period’s price as an additional explanatory variable, trailing earnings are shown, using time series, cross-sectional, and returns-based analysis, to be at best marginally value relevant when empirically explaining share prices in value relevance regression models. The thesis also indicates that goodwill amortisation should not be deducted from earnings in accounting statements because the presence of goodwill amortisation is significantly positively (not negatively) related to equity prices. This effect is eliminated when the most recent prior period’s price is included as an additional explanatory variable in the regression analysis, thus indicating that goodwill amortisation information as well as trailing earnings information have already been incorporated into the most recent prior period’s price. The thesis further indicates that value relevance studies that use the Ohlson (1995) model should use, for econometric reasons, change in price or else returns, not the price level, as the dependent variable. When returns are used to test the value relevance of goodwill amortisation, firms that report positive goodwill amortization actually have higher subsequent returns, a result that could possibly be due to the fact that growing firms tend to possess goodwill when they use acquisitions to expand. Results obtained when using returns to test whether goodwill amortisation is value relevant therefore extend the existing literature, since the prevailing expectation in the accounting literature is that goodwill amortization either represents a reduction in the value of goodwill over time or is not value relevant.
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Chatfield, David E. "The Impact of Performance-Based Funding Models among Ohio`s Universities." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492017255713609.
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Loyacano, Shelby N. "Her People and Her History: How Camille Lucie Nickerson Inspired the Preservation of Creole Folk Music and Culture, 1888-1982." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2624.
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Over the twentieth century, Camille Lucie Nickerson excelled in her multi-faceted career as an educator, musician, and interpreter for the advancement of musical education for generations of black students in New Orleans and at Howard University in Washington D.C. Nickerson devoted herself to furthering her musical education through private instruction with her father, Professor William J. Nickerson. She then graduated with a diploma from Southern University and with a B.A. and M.A. in music from Oberlin College. Nickerson’s leadership in musical associations on a local and national level enhanced her ability to reach audiences of all ages through her performances. She dedicated her life to musical education and the sharing Creole folk music, both personal attributes passed down from her father. While Nickerson was determined to preserve Creole folk music through her lecture-recitals, her wider purpose argued for a distinct recognition for Creole culture, thus, acknowledgment of her culture.
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Anderson, Brenda Carol. "Non-Lethal Methods for Assessing Reproductive Status in Bonnethead Sharks (Sphyrna tiburo)." UNF Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/605.
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Reproductive biology is a necessary element for the management of elasmobranch fisheries. Traditionally, characterization of elasmobranch reproduction has involved lethal sampling to examine gross reproductive structures and development of embryos. However, this method is counterproductive to the conservation of shark populations. One non-lethal alternative is the measurement of serum hormones, which often vary according to reproductive events. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been used to measure hormone concentrations in reproductive endocrinology, but can be problematic for researchers. Alternatively, chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA) are routinely used for measuring circulating hormone concentrations in low-volume, non-extracted human serum samples. However these assays have not been previously examined for use with elasmobranch blood. In the first component of this study, I examined whether CLIA was a suitable alternative for detecting seasonal profiles of these hormones in the bonnethead, Sphyrna tiburo. This was accomplished by collecting serum from sexually mature male (n = 35) and female (n = 32) bonnetheads , measuring reproductive organs for maturity and reproductive stage, and measuring concentrations of testosterone (T) in males, and 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in females using RIA and CLIA. CLIA was successfully validated for use with shark serum by assessing parallelism and spike recovery. CLIA-derived measurements were significantly correlated with those obtained with RIA (r = 0.809, 0.773, and 0.908 for T, E2, and P4, respectively; p
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Shields, Chelsea. "Reproductive Biology of the Tiger Shark in the Western Atlantic Ocean." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/818.
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Although tiger sharks are an important apex predator in many ecosystems, little is known about their reproduction. The goal of this study was to determine the size-at-maturity and the reproductive seasonality of tiger sharks in the western Atlantic Ocean. This was achieved using a combination of ultrasonography and measurements of plasma hormone concentrations; in particular, testosterone for males and estradiol and progesterone for females. Steroid hormone concentrations were measured using chemiluminescent assays (CLIA). Maturity was also examined through histology of reproductive organs in females and clasper calcification in males. Females were found to mature between 270 and 310 cm total length and males were found to mature between 260 and 300 cm total length. Mating was determined to occur in October/November, based on the presence of mating wounds on females and increased concentrations of testosterone in males. Some females were shown to exhibit increased plasma estradiol concentrations also during October/November; however, we do not believe that ovulation takes place until May or June based on ultrasonography data. This suggests a period of sperm storage although histological examination of the oviducal gland was not able to confirm this. Ultrasonography data, showing increasing embryo size over the course of a year, and data on minimum size of tiger sharks caught in longline surveys suggested that parturition occurs between June and September with pups being born as small as 56 cm fork length. The findings from this study show that some tiger sharks reach reproductive maturity at sizes smaller than what has been previously suggested. Additionally, the possibility of tiger sharks storing sperm suggests that their reproductive cycle is a minimum of two years long and could be up to three years in duration. This information is important for management of the species in the future. Additionally, this study adds to the limited knowledge about reproduction of elasmobranchs and how patterns of reproductive steroids can correlate with different reproductive events.
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Carpenter, Jeffrey Cohen. "Survey Gear Comparisons and Shark Nursery Habitat Use in Southeast Georgia Estuaries." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/731.
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Gill nets and longlines were compared as shark nursery sampling methodologies in inshore waters of Georgia to (1) assess differences in gear selectivity, bias, and stress of capture and (2) determine potential relationships between habitat features and shark distribution and abundance. Gear selectivity varied between gears as a function of both species and life stage resulting in significantly different estimates of species and life stage compositions. Juvenile bonnetheads (Sphyrna tiburo) and young of the year blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) experienced significantly higher stress from gill net capture than longline. Major sources of bias are thought to result from dietary preferences and individual size. Juvenile sandbar shark (C. plumbeus) distribution revealed a potential preference for creeks rather than sounds, between 0.32-0.8km wide and 4.02-8.05km from the ocean. Adult Atlantic sharpnose sharks (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae) appear to prefer larger, open sound waters closer to the ocean. A potential preference for locations in close proximity to jetties over those near oyster reefs was also observed for adult Atlantic sharpnose sharks, and while statistical significance was observed, a stronger pattern may exist, as sample sizes in this study were relatively small yet still able to detect a difference. Future investigations that quantify proportions of habitat availability and shark abundance in a given area may be more useful for identifying preferences for the structures observed in this study. This study also provides strong evidence of finetooth shark (C. isodon) primary and potentially secondary nursery habitat in areas that had not yet been documented. Findings from these investigations can be useful for managers seeking to maintain healthy coastal shark populations.
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Morgan, Clark R. "Distribution and community structure of First Coast shark assemblages and their relative trophic niche dynamics." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/838.
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Nearshore marine environments are known to be highly productive systems with relatively high faunal diversity and abundances, but these systems are particularly vulnerable to negative impacts from anthropogenic disturbances that can result in habitat degradation. Despite these challenges, many shark species of various life stages utilize coastal shelf habitats, inshore estuaries, and bays. The inshore habitats of Cumberland and Nassau Sounds in northeast Florida have been proposed as potential nursery grounds by earlier work, but this suggestion did not satisfy all of the standard criteria of shark nursery designation. It has recently been stated that the combination of surveys inside and outside suspected nursery habitats, especially those incorporating mark-recapture studies, would provide a very comprehensive test of the nursery criteria. A primary objective of the present study was to initially describe the composition and abundance of shark populations utilizing the nearshore habitats of northeast Florida, while also comparing them to inshore communities, with emphasis on spatial and temporal variations in assemblages. Fishery-independent longline sampling was conducted across the region and while considerable overlap of species were observed, significant differences in community structure between inshore and nearshore locations were detected. Specifically, the inshore waters of the First Coast support nursery habitat designation for Atlantic sharpnose, blacktip, and sandbar sharks after satisfying the accepted criteria. Given the high amounts of spatial and temporal overlap observed along the First Coast, relative trophic niche dynamics were also investigated via stable isotope analysis of two tissue types. These results revealed varying trophic niche sizes in the long term, but suggest some degree of shared resource use when animals are present on the First Coast. The identification of factors that influence coastal shark habitat utilization, such as competition and resource use, can contribute to understanding and predicting how they may respond to future environmental changes.
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Barakat, Abdullah. "Insurance companies and Sharia-compliance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:57572.
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This dissertation examines the operation of Islamic insurance (Takaful) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Its focus is on business and retail insurance. Health and life insurance which involve unique considerations are not considered. Islamic insurance had been debated since 1961 and was accepted only very recently by the International Islamic Fiqh Academy (IIFA) conference held in Saudi Arabia in 1985. The first Takaful insurance company was officially established in Sudan in 1979. Consequently, the principles and standards that govern Takaful are still being established in Islamic scholarship with no uniform or fixed Takaful standards accepted by all Islamic countries at this point in time. A key issue for the thesis is how Takaful can operate under the umbrella of a joint-stock company (required by legislation) whilst simultaneously maintaining Sharia compliance. Takaful principles, unlike conventional (commercial) insurance, do not involve risk transfer, and policyholders share risk under the mutuality principle. Takaful principles set strict rules relating to profit sharing, and give primacy to the interests of policyholders. The modern conventional stock company, in contrast, operates for profit and has a duty to act in the best interests of its shareholders. The main focus of this thesis is whether Takaful insurance as practiced in Saudi Arabia is Sharia-compliant. To answer this question, this thesis critically analyses Saudi insurance laws and regulations, Saudi insurance companies, and Takaful principles based on Sharia (Islamic law). A general finding of this thesis is that Saudi insurance laws and insurance companies do not appear to be in the line with Takaful principles and that the operation of Takaful under joint-stock companies (JSCs) is problematic to the point where it is probably impossible to achieve in practice. There is the added problem that Takaful principles are not enforced or implemented in practice. This poses particular difficulties for the Saudi insurance market, as Saudi insurance laws require insurance companies to operate though JSCs and to comply with Sharia.
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Naji, Jalal Naji Thib. "Lidská práva: Univerzalita vs. Regionalismus." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405892.
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Human Rights: Universality vs. Regionalism Jalal Naji Abstract The basic idea of the existence of certain rights that human beings are entitled to has been present, in some form or another, throughout the history of mankind long before their universal recognition and codification in 1948. The revolutionary work of the United Nations in adopting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948 was the coronation and completion of all the earlier attempts of mankind in identifying the safeguards of humanity. Of course, the current shape, structure and context of international modern-day human rights never existed on the international sphere before 1948 as all the earlier efforts to identify human rights can be characterized as sporadic, localized, flawed, incomprehensive and even discriminatory as they only recognised certain rights to particular categories of people, such as ascribing rights only for citizens, for believers of a religion, or only for freemen and aristocrats. Conversely, UDHR's human rights standards are ascribed to everyone without discrimination. The foundation of international human rights is premised on the universality concept which indicates that all human beings are equal and that human rights are universally enjoyed by all mankind without discrimination. However, this majestic...