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Wattanakul, Thanet, Sakkarin Nonthapot, and Tanawat Watchalaanun. "Factors Influencing the Processed Pineapple Export Competitiveness of Thailand." Australasian Business, Accounting and Finance Journal 15, no. 3 (2021): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v15i3.7.
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This study aims to explore the factors influence the competitiveness of Thailand’s processed pineapple exports as well as the impact size of these factors by focusing on canned pineapple (HS 200820) and pineapple juice (HS 200949). This study also determine the competitiveness and market share effects for both products in each market in each Thailand major partner countries. The average price of processed pineapple, GDP per capita and exchange rate were the explanatory variables. The panel data from 2013 to 2017 of 10 partners were used in a panel regression model with pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect models. The empirical results show that the fixed effect model is the most suitable and that price significantly negatively affected the market share of both products. Moreover, there is a positive effect from GDP per capita on market share for pineapple and the exchange rate positively affected market share for canned pineapple. In addition, Thailand’s pineapple juice market share is less price sensitive than the canned pineapple market. The stable and competitive price are necessary conditions to enhance sustainable export competitiveness under current intense competition. The implementation of effective exchange rate management to prevent massive fluctuation is a crucial supporting mechanism to achieve this target. Moreover, the appropriate devaluation is other essential policy to enhance sustainable price competition under the tension competitive environment leads to accelerate the continue market shares in important markets.
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Cuyvers, Ludo, Ermie Steenkamp, Wilma Viviers, Riaan Rossouw, and Martin Cameron. "Identifying Thailand’s high-potential export opportunities in ASEAN+3 countries." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 16, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 2–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-09-2016-0019.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify Thailand’s realistic export opportunities (REOs) in the ASEAN+3 countries (i.e. ASEAN, Greater China, Japan and South Korea), which together constitute an economically dynamic region and a strategic export destination for Thailand. Furthermore, the paper seeks to determine the extent to which Thailand already has a share in ASEAN+3 countries and where new opportunities lie. This allows the formulation of appropriate export promotion strategies for Thailand. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is a decision support model (DSM) which uses an extensive data-filtering system to systematically screen and eliminate less-promising product–country combinations to ultimately reveal high-potential REOs. Product–country combinations are screened on the basis of country risk; macro-economic country performance; market potential in terms of import growth and import market size; and market access conditions, including market concentration and the existence of trade barriers. The thus narrowed-down REOs are categorised according to Thailand’s relative market share in, and the characteristics of, the identified import markets. Findings The study reveals that the ASEAN+3 countries account for about 40 per cent of the total potential export value of Thailand’s REOs in the world, with China leading the way (12.45 per cent), followed by Japan (8.56 per cent) and South Korea (6.23 per cent). However, Thailand has a relatively small or intermediately small market share in the majority of these REOs, pointing to the need for more offensive and exploratory export promotion strategies. Research limitations/implications The ASEAN+3 countries – given that they are an abundant source of REOs for Thailand and are in Thailand’s “backyard” – should receive more focused attention and resources in government export promotion efforts. The recent launch of the ASEAN Economic Community and the proposed establishment of an East Asia Free Trade Area lend weight to the idea of Thailand adopting a strong regional focus in its export activities. Practical implications The insights derived from the study are valuable for export promotion officials, industry representatives and practising exporters alike, as they constitute an easy-to-digest snapshot of high-potential REOs for Thailand in the ASEAN+3 region. This makes for more efficient planning and prioritising of export development activities, and a more streamlined approach to resource allocation. Originality/value Export promotion shows diminishing returns and requires sustainable strategies and interventions. The value in this paper lies in its description of an innovative market selection tool, the DSM, which is able to process and filter high volumes of information and arrive at a shortlist of high-potential REOs for Thailand in the ASEAN+3 countries. The paper represents a concise case study of the DSM in practice, which should be of particular interest to export promotion agencies, industry associations and both new and more established exporting countries.
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M’ng, Jacinta Chan Phooi, Mahfuzur Rahman, and Goh Kok Kit. "Announcements effect of corporate bond issuance on share price returns." International Journal of Emerging Markets 15, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 534–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-11-2018-0601.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of bond issuance announcements on share price returns in three emerging markets and examine the characteristics of bond issues that affect the abnormal share price returns of the company. Design/methodology/approach This study employs event study, correlation and multiple regression techniques to attain the research objectives. The authors test hypotheses on 105 public listed companies from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, during the period of 2008–2014. Findings The findings show positive cumulative average abnormal returns resulting from the announcement of corporate bond issuance for Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. The results reveal that there is a significant effect of bond issuance announcements on share price returns. The results also disclose that the market is not efficient at its semi-strong form as proposed by the market efficiency hypothesis. Originality/value The results provide better references for fund managers and investors in capital markets to take advantage of the abnormal returns resulting from bond issuance announcements.
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Oktaviana, Nadia, Masyhuri Masyhuri, and Slamet Hartono. "Competitiveness of Tea Exports in Asean: A Constant Market Share Analysis." Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) 1, no. 2 (August 17, 2017): 088. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ipas.10662.
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This study was aimed to find out the competitiveness of tea exports in ASEAN during 2011-2014. Competitiveness indicates a country ability to compete with other countries in international trade activities. Constant Market Share (CMS) employed to understand the weaknesses and strengths of a country viewed from the effect of exports growth. CMS results showed that the major weakness of tea exports in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam is the effect of market distribution. Market distribution effect indicated that their exports to countries with a high demand for tea in the world. On the other hand, the strengths of tea exports in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam are the effect of world exports growth, commodity composition effect, and the competitiveness effect. Conversely, the major weakness of tea exports in Indonesia is competitiveness effect, while the strengths are the effect of world exports growth and the effect of market distribution.
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Ichikawa, Takanori, and Chaweewan Denpaiboon. "Analyzing the Floating Market System in Thailand for Sustainability." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 14, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v14i2.116263.
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Humans and water share a close relationship in Thailand. Before modernization, Thailand had many canals, a developed water traffic system, and many floating markets. These markets functioned as community spaces for the inhabitants. Moreover, environmental sustainability had been reached and the system seemed important to the culture. In this work, the remaining floating markets in and around Bangkok are surveyed and then compared. The results are as follows. Bangkok has 28 floating markets, as of 2016. These markets can be divided into three types based on their “target customers.” Some markets used a temple site because temples function as community spaces for the local inhabitants; others are only meant for sightseeing and do not function as community spaces. Based on their contribution to the “local economy,” these markets can be divided into three types. The type of market differed according to location. The markets where anything is sold, however, are not useful to the local economy. The floating markets can be divided into four types based on their “space composition.” These markets are cool spaces, a characteristic of water spaces. Based on their “waterway network,” these markets can be divided into three types. Markets at closed sites are not connected to other places because they are only meant for tourists. Consequently, “target customers,” “local economy,” “space composition,” and “waterway network” are determined as necessary factors in considering a sustainable floating market system in the present and future. This study contributes to adopting a sustainable development concept of a floating market in attracting policymakers and local people to draw tourist appeal.
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Zainuddin, Zainuddin. "HIILIRISASI DAYA SAING DAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PASAR PRODUK KARET INDONESIA DI NEGARA ASEAN5." Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) 5, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/mea.v5i2.81.
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The increase in exports of Indonesian rubber products is the key to the success of the rubber product downstream policy to gain added value and foreign exchange. The export market for rubber products in ASEAN5 is competing with similar products from East Asia. As an exporter, Indonesia must focus on strengthening competitiveness and exploiting the potential market in ASEAN5.The purpose of this article is to describe the competitiveness and development potential of the Indonesian rubber product market in ASEAN5 countries (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines). The analysis that describes the competitiveness of Indonesian rubber products uses the RCA method and market share. Analysis of the position and potential for market development of Indonesian rubber products using the Export Product Dynamic method. The competitiveness of Indonesian rubber products in ASEAN5 markets is quite varied. Indonesian rubber products have a relatively strong competitiveness value in the Singapore market, but weak in other ASEAN5 markets such as Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam. Indonesian rubber products compete fiercely with similar industries in importing countries and major competitors from East Asia (China, Japan, South Korea). The clusterization shows that Indonesian rubber products have a potential market in Thailand, although their competitiveness is relatively weak but in a rising star market position. The market potential in Singapore and the Philippines is less potential, but has relatively strong competitiveness in Singapore and a falling star market position in the Philippines. Indonesian rubber products have no potential in Malaysia and Vietnam.
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Zainuddin, Zainuddin. "Kekuatan Pasar (Market Power) dan Pangsa Ekspor Produk Ban (HS4011) Indonesia dan Negara Pesaing di Malaysia dan Filipina." Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business 4, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v4i2.148.
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The exporters of Indonesian and Thailand tire products have the same capability in price mark-ups in the Malaysian market. The price mark-up capability of tire exporters from Indonesia, Thailand and China is greater than the domestic tire industry in the Philippines. However, China has a greater share of tire exports in the Malaysian and Philippine markets and is likely related to China's ability to be able to increase the export composition of various types of tires. Indonesia needs to encourage the domestic tire industry to increase the production capacity of various types of tires through investment and relocation of the tire industry to Indonesia amid the downward trend in China's manufacturing industry. Need to develop tire products for the types of trucks, buses, tractors and heavy equipment that are often used in the construction, agriculture, mining and cargo transportation ports to enlarge market share in Malaysia and the Philippines because Indonesia has competitiveness from the aspect of raw materials. The potential export of various types of tires in the two export destination countries is a challenge to increase the number of exports of Indonesian tire products.
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Prasetyo, Agung, Sri Marwanti, and NFN Darsono. "Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kinerja Ekspor Minyak Sawit Mentah Indonesia di Pasar Internasional." Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 35, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jae.v35n2.2017.89-103.
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<strong>English</strong><br />The average growth rate of Indonesia’s CPO exports was 11.94% per year, far below those of Thailand, Malaysia, and Colombia with growth rates of 59.55%, 25.19%, and 20.35% per year respectively in the 2001–2015 period. That condition was worsened by higher tax enforcement on Indonesian CPO in EU countries in 2012 causing Indonesia shifted its exports to India, China, and Pakistan. This study aims to analyze comparative advantage of Indonesian CPO compared to Malaysia, Thailand, and Colombia using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis. The study also analyzes Indonesia’s CPO export performance in the world markets, especially in India, China, Pakistan, and Netherlands compared to other CPO producers using the Constant Market Share (CMS) approach. RCA analysis showed that Indonesia, Malaysia, Colombia, and Thailand had comparative advantage on CPO. Thailand had the highest RCA index followed by Malaysia, Colombia, and Indonesia. CMS analysis indicated that Indonesia’s CPO export performance was poorer than Malaysia in terms of growth rate, market distribution, and competitiveness, but was better in product composition. Increasing comparative advantage requires synergic policies which include establishing preferential trade agreement, constructing CPO stocking terminals in major importing countries, improving distribution and increasing market penetration.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Rata-rata laju pertumbuhan ekspor minyak sawit mentah (Crude Palm Oil/CPO) Indonesia tahun 2001–2015 adalah 11,94% per tahun, jauh di bawah Thailand, Malaysia, dan Kolombia yang tumbuh masing-masing sebesar 59,55%, 25,19%, dan 20,35% per tahun. Kondisi ini diperburuk dengan pemberlakuan pajak tinggi atas CPO Indonesia di Uni Eropa pada tahun 2012 sehingga mendorong Indonesia mengalihkan fokus ekspor CPO ke India, China, dan Pakistan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan komparatif CPO Indonesia dibandingkan dengan Malaysia, Thailand, dan Kolombia dengan menggunakan analisis Revealed Comparatif Advantage (RCA) dan mengetahui kinerja ekspor CPO Indonesia di pasar dunia terutama di India, China, Pakistan, dan Belanda dibandingkan produsen CPO lainnya dengan menggunakan pendekatan Constant Market Share (CMS). Analisis RCA menunjukan bahwa Indonesia, Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Thailand sama-sama memiliki keunggulan komparatif pada CPO. Thailand memiliki nilai indeks RCA tertinggi diikuti oleh Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis CMS, kinerja ekspor CPO Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan Malaysia dalam aspek pertumbuhan, distribusi pasar, dan daya saing; tetapi lebih baik dalam aspek komposisi produk. Peningkatkan keunggulan komparatif CPO memerlukan kebijakan ekspor sinergis antara lain dengan mengadakan kesepakatan perdagangan preferensial, membangun fasilitas penampungan CPO di negara-negara importir utama, memperbaiki distribusi, dan meningkatkan penetrasi pasar.
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Ardanari, Shinta Dwi, and Rynalto Mukiwihando. "DAYA SAING EKSPOR KARET ALAM TIGA NEGARA ITRC (INDONESIA, THAILAND, MALAYSIA) DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL PERIODE 1994-2018." JURNAL MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN PUBLIK 4, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/jmkp.v4i1.806.
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ABSTRACTShare of Indonesia's export value of natural rubber in the international market is almost always below Thailand, which is one of the competiting countries. The others countries began to become a threat to Indonesia because their exports share of natural rubber showed an increasing. This indicates that there is intense competition in the international market. As a country with the largest plantation area in the world, Indonesia should be superior. But this can be an opportunity to be able to compete in the world market so it is important to be managed more deeply so that it can create competitive advantages that can increase competitiveness. This study aims to determine the position of the competitiveness of natural rubber exports for the three countries of ITRC in the international market. The analytical method used is dynamic RCA. The results showed that all products of natural rubber coded HS 400110, 400121, 400122, 400129 and 400130 were experiencing a decline in growth in the export share of the three countries of ITRC : Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia, but the market demand conditions for these products were declining in that time period.
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Racela, Olimpia C., and Amonrat Thoumrungroje. "International market expansion of “Jintan Nude” in Thailand." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 2, no. 4 (October 19, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621211256265.
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Subject area International marketing, new product development, international business expansion, small business management. Study level/applicability This case is intended for senior undergraduate or graduate MBA students taking a course in international business, international marketing, or small business management. Case overview Thai Jintan Company Limited (Thai Jintan) is a medium-sized importer, distributor, and marketer of premium confectionery and health care products in Thailand with the exclusive distribution arrangements of Morishita Jintan Company Limited (Morishita), one of Japan's oldest companies and a leader in the Japanese probiotic and confectionery industry. The case takes place in August 2009, approximately 18 months after Thai Jintan implemented its market launch of Morishita's technologically advanced breath and belly mint under the brand name of Jintan Nude. With a limited promotional budget of 8 million baht (€161,128) coupled with Thailand's regulatory environment for the marketing of food and drugs, Thai Jintan, a newcomer to the breath mint market, was faced with having to devise a resourceful marketing and promotional campaign. Thai Jintan management was confronted with assessing its past marketing plan and deciding on what to do to achieve its ambitious goal of capturing a 20 percent market share of the growing mint/menthol candy confectionery segment in Thailand. Expected learning outcomes After reading and discussing the case, students should have a better understanding of the following: the challenges faced by small businesses and new entrants; learning to apply different frameworks such as PEST or PESTEL, SWOT, and/or Five Forces to scan and assess a competitive environment; familiarizing themselves with different channels members’ roles in a distribution system; learning to evaluate a company's current marketing strategies and to recommend strategies to improve its segmentation, targeting, and positioning strategies and to design a new marketing mix for a new product launch in an overseas market; and learning how to effectively allocate a marketing budget. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available.
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Koojaroenpaisan, Rawiporn, and Paul Patterson. "GAZI and the Shock Absorber Market in Thailand." Asian Case Research Journal 17, no. 02 (December 2013): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927513500119.
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Siam Suspension Innovation Co. Ltd. (SSI) in 2004 manufactured the first local brand of shock absorber for motor cycles (GAZI brand) in Thailand. This case documents how several entrepreneurs with a passion for motorcycles grasped an opportunity to invent, manufacture and successfully brand a decorative shock absorber for the ubiquitous motorcycle riders of Thailand. Prior to the development of the GAZI brand, shock absorbers were simply just another OEM (original equipment manufacturer) component on a motor bike that was typically only replaced when it was worn out. Shock absorbers were differentiated on their performance characteristics of smoothness of ride. Siam Suspension Company (SSI) changed all that with their decorative GAZI brand that had a mass appeal to consumers under 25 years who possessed a 125–150cc motorcycle (by far the largest segment) who simply wanted their motorcycles to look attractive. Rather than compete in the high volume, low margin standard shock absorber segment, SSI positioned GAZI as a decorative shock absorber. However, because GAZI used a new innovative gas filled technology (all other brands used oil filled cylinders) it also gave a much smoother ride on the rough roads of Thailand. GAZI's management initially created a “first-mover” advantage by targeting Gen Y consumers and convincing them to use shock absorbers to decorate their motorcycles. Hence a replacement market was born for decorative shock absorbers, with many riders replacing the OEM shocks as soon as they purchased a new motorcycle. Sales grew at a rapid pace until other manufacturers of standard shocks saw the success of GAZI. At this time the barriers to entry were quite low. As a SME (small to medium size enterprise) with limited capital, the challenge for SSI in 2012 is how to regroup and stay one step ahead of the competition and protect its market share from further erosion.
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Akbar, Mohammad, and Zareen F. Naqvi. "External Market Conditions, Competitiveness, Diversification, and Pakistan’s Export Performance." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 4II (December 1, 2001): 871–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i4iipp.871-884.
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Pakistan’s exports evolve broadly in line with total world imports. Accordingly, Pakistan’s share in world imports was remarkably stable during the last 20 years, ranging between a minimum of 0.12 percent in 1980 and a maximum of 0.18 percent in 1992. In 1999-2000, the share was 0.15 percent. This would suggest that Pakistan’s export performance was not worse than that of the world on average. Compared to regional competitors, however, the performance was unimpressive, especially when compared to China and Thailand throughout the 1980s and 1990s or compared to Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka during the 1990s. All these countries succeeded in achieving sustainable market share increases in total world imports (Figure 1). In light of the growing awareness about the importance of exports in the overall economy of Pakistan and in view of the unimpressive export performance of Pakistan vis-à-vis other countries in the region it would be interesting to study the export performance of Pakistan and analyse the possible reasons for this poor performance and see whether it is due to demand deficiency or is it something to do with the supply side of the issue.
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Revan Wahyu Dimantara and Septina Elida. "ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR UDANG BEKU INDONESIA DI PASAR AMERIKA SERIKAT." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 36, no. 1 (July 29, 2020): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2020.vol36(1).5373.
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ABSTRACT
The United States is the main market for Indonesia's frozen shrimp exports, after Japan and the European Union. This study aims to analyze: (1) the export performance; (2) the export competitiveness; and (3) the factors affecting export of Indonesian frozen shrimp in the US market. This study uses library research methods, data analysis used in this study are: growth rate, concentration ratio (CR4) & Herfindahl Index (HI); Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) & Constant Market Share Analysis (CMSA); and linear regression with OLS estimation method. The results of the analysis show: (1) The growth of the export value of Indonesian frozen shrimp is 15.54%, while the value of CR4 & HI is 63,69% & 1.471, which are indicate that concentration and competition of the market is at moderate level, where Indonesia's market share is 15,21% (third highest after India and Thailand), (2) Indonesia's average RCA index is 20,11, the CMSA analysis show that the change in actual market share (0,77 x 10-4) is largely influenced by the competitiveness effect (98,74%), and the rest is influenced by the commodity composition effect (2,56%) and market distribution effect (-1,30%), (3) Factors that affect the export of Indonesian frozen shrimp in the US market significantly are domestic production, frozen shrimp export prices, processed shrimp export prices, and real exchange rates.
Keyword: Competitiveness, Export, Frozen Shrimp, United States, HI, CR4, RCA, CMSA
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Leung, Wing-Fai, and Alberto Cossu. "Digital entrepreneurship in Taiwan and Thailand: Embracing precarity as a personal response to political and economic change." International Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 2 (February 6, 2019): 264–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877918821234.
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This article examines the significance of digital entrepreneurship in East Asia as informal work, based on empirical research in Taiwan and Thailand. Digital entrepreneurs in East Asia can be thought of as a new class of ‘creative workers’ who aspire to the neoliberal ideals of the West that advocate free markets and individualism. While digital entrepreneurship offers low-cost opportunities, it also represents highly precarious careers. The transition to the digital economy also means the expansion of the informal economy, which has existed in both Taiwan and Thailand. The encouragement of start-up ecosystems by respective political and economic elites serves to sweet-talk the creative class into participating in precarious work, or it may be an open bid to gain market share by incorporating informal businesses. In response to the theme of the special issue, this article discusses two contrasting cases and considers the significance of digital entrepreneurship as informalisation of work.
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Fuady, Ahmad Helmy. "THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIA'S EXPORT TO UNITED STATES, 1986-2003: A SHIFT-SHARE ANALYSIS." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v8i1.3936.
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The objective of this paper is to examine the competitiveness of Indonesia's exports to the United States (US) market, compared to other Asian economies, namely Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Republic of Korea and India, over the period of 1986-2003. A shift-share method is applied to single digit SITC US imports data from those countries. It found that the competitiveness of Indonesia's exports changes over time. The Indonesia's exports reached its best performance in the period 1992-1997. However, after the 1997 economic crisis, Indonesia faces a serious problem, since none of its export has competitiveness in the US market, compared to the reference economy. The analysis also shows that China has consistently posed a serious pressure not only for Indonesia, but also for the other Asian economies.
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Lestari, Nindya. "PERFORMA EKSPOR SEKTOR PERIKANAN ASEAN-5." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v15i1.24504.
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This study aims to identify the export performance of the fisheries sector in ASEAN-5 countries with China's export destination. Export performance is seen based on four effects based on the Constant Market Share (CMS) analysis method by Richardson (1971), namely the growth effect, commodity effect, market effect, and competitiveness effect. The data used is the third revised SITC data from UN COMTRADE for commodity codes SITC-034, SITC-035, SITC-036, and SITC-037. Based on the calculation results, it is known that ASEAN-5 has a good growth effect. In commodity securities, Indonesia needs to diversify its products. On the market effect, ASEAN-5 is in a relatively fast-growing market, and on the competitiveness effect, only Indonesia and Thailand have strong competitiveness.
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Budiawan Tjandrasa, Benny, Hotlan Siagian, and Ferry Jie. "The macroeconomic factors affecting government bond yield in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 3 (September 8, 2020): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(3).2020.09.
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The government bond (GB) has become the most attractive investment portfolio option, even though many macroeconomic factors affect the bond yield. This paper aims to investigate the determining factor of local currency government bond yield by considering the inflation rate, credit default swap, stock market index, exchange rate, and volatility index. This study used 240 data panel from the Bloomberg stock market in the form of data panel covering Southeast developing countries, namely Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines, for five years or sixty months from January 2015 to December 2019. Data analysis used recursive models and multivariate regression techniques using EViews software. The random effect model results revealed that change in the foreign exchange rate and volatility indexes affected, partially and simultaneously, the changes in the stock market index. The result also showed that changes in the stock market index, inflation rate, and credit default swap affected, partially and simultaneously, government bond yield changes. These results suggest that the government bond yield could be managed by controlling volatility index, foreign exchange rate, stock market index, inflation rates, and credit default swaps. This finding could provide an insight into the policymaker and fiscal authority on managing the risk of government bonds under control during high volatility or even making it reasonably lower. This result could contribute to the current research in the field of financial management. Acknowledgment It is the author’s pleasure to thank Muhammad Aulia SE MSc CSA® from the Ministry of Finance of Republic Indonesia, for his invaluable contribution to encourage this study and also to share the data required for this paper. He also delivers essential insights into improving the quality of this work. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Sultana, Muneer, and Khairul Amilin Ibrahim. "MARKET SHARE IN PRODUCTION AND SALES OF PASSENGER VEHICLES IN ASEAN." Australian Journal of Business and Management Research 03, no. 12 (December 9, 2013): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20130312a03.
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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a geo-political and financial association of ten nations situated in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Since then, association has protracted to comprise Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Its goals comprise hastening economic growth, social progress, and cultural progress among its members, safeguard of provincial harmony and constancy, and prospects for member countries to deliberate variances tranquilly. ASEAN has expected a better role as a universal provider of automotive, and is anticipated to nurture in prominence owing to a modest manufacture base with sturdy competencies in certain product ranges. This will increase considerably not only in terms of financial progress, but also service and technological development. ASEAN members are located in terrestrial proximity; there are economic, social and cultural gaps among the members. Therefore, the state of automotive industry differs from country to country in terms of demand, customer fondness and supply which are strong-minded by production and sales capacity of vehicles. In this context the study has been conducted to know the market share in production and sales of passenger vehicles of ASEAN countries. The study is equipped grounded on primary and secondary informations. The primary data has collected through oral interview from stalwarts of automotive industry. The secondary informations is composed from the reports of international conference of automotive industry and all existing literature has collected also from internet automotive websites, auto business magazines, e-auto journals etc. Finally suggestions have been framed and conclusions have been drawn for the study.
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Nugroho, Vina, Roy Sembel, Edison Hulu, and Gracia Ugut. "Interest rate spread determinant based on the interdependency relationship between a bank’s loan rate and time deposit rate." Banks and Bank Systems 17, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(2).2022.06.
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This study analyzes the factors responsible for the lower net interest rate at commercial banks located in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Data were collected from 35, 10 and 13 commercial banks in Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, respectively, from 2012 to 2020 using the Fixed effect model. The Simultaneous Equation Model was used to analyze the macroeconomic factors and banks’ specific characteristics towards Loan and Time Deposit rates. The result showed that macroeconomic factors, such as the inflation rate, significantly affect loan and time deposit rates in these countries. In Indonesia, bank competition should be reduced and banks’ stability should be higher to minimize Net Interest Margin Spread (difference between Loan Rate and Deposit Rate). In the Philippines, banks should increase their capital and liquidity. So, they will be more confident and prudent in lowering their NIM. Thailand’s banking industry has unique characteristics with high monopoly power. The bigger and greater the market share, the larger the interest rate spread on customers. Therefore, regulators in each country need to consider these important variables when making decisions on lowering the net interest rates by banks to enhance social welfare.
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Subhanij, Tientip, and Chitchanok Annonjarn. "Horizontal, Vertical And Conglomerate OFDI: Evidence From Thailand." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 32, no. 3 (May 2, 2016): 747–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i3.9654.
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Thailand is a late comer in international expansion but the pace of overseas investment has accelerated in recent years. This paper is the first attempt in exploring the distribution of Thai outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by types of their investment strategy. Using a unique firm-level FX transaction data, we find that the majority of Thai OFDI is horizontal in nature with vertical and conglomerate investment sharing less than half of the overall total. Horizontal investment is driven mainly by the desire to gain market share and vertical investment by relative factor endowments. Although largely ignored by previous empirical studies, a considerable proportion of Thai OFDI involves conglomerate investment strategy which is driven mainly by financial motives. We also find that Thai companies have simultaneously entered into developed and developing countries, with all types of investment going mostly to developed countries.
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Smits, Mattijs. "The New (Fragmented) Geography of Carbon Market Mechanisms: Governance Challenges from Thailand and Vietnam." Global Environmental Politics 17, no. 3 (August 2017): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00416.
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Countries in the Global South—which are contributing an increasing share of global greenhouse gas emissions—are actively developing carbon market mechanisms, including emissions trading systems and (voluntary) offset mechanisms. This article analyzes past and emerging experiments with carbon market mechanisms in Thailand and Vietnam, in the context of their domestic political economies and the shifting dynamics of the global climate governance regime. Drawing from thirty-three in-depth interviews and document analysis, I show the changing roles of government, the private sector, civil society, and donor and multilateral actors in these countries. Moreover, the article identifies key factors that may play roles in the further—and more synergistic—development of carbon market mechanisms: the generation of domestic demand for carbon credits; building and keeping human capacity and adequate data; creating space for civil society; ensuring coordination within the government and between sectors, notably the energy sector; and establishing further linkages with regional (Asian) and global carbon market mechanisms, such as those in China, Japan, and South Korea. These findings suggest that market-based mechanisms with high social and environmental integrity are one of the options that countries in the Global South have to achieve low-carbon development in the post-Paris climate change regime.
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Chonsalasin, Dissakoon, Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, and Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha. "Key Determinants of Airline Loyalty Modeling in Thailand." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 4165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104165.
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The airline industry in Thailand has grown enormously over the past decade. Competition among airline companies to reach market share and profit has been intense, requiring strong strategic abilities. To increase the service quality of such companies, identifying factors related to the context of airlines is important for policymakers. Thus, this study aims to present empirical data on structural factors related to the loyalty of domestic airline passengers. Structural equation modeling was used to confirm the proposed model. The questionnaire was used to survey and collect data from 1600 airline passengers. The results indicate that satisfaction, trust, perceived quality, relationship, and image of airlines positively influenced loyalty with a statistical significance of α = 0.05. Moreover, the study found that expectation and perceived quality indirectly influenced loyalty. The findings provide a reference for airline operators to clearly understand the factors that motivate passenger loyalty, which can be used to develop the sustainability of marketing strategies and support competitiveness.
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Abdullah, Saeed Md, and Simon Zaby. "Seasoned Equity Offerings and Differences in Share-Price Impact by Firm Categories." International Journal of Financial Studies 9, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs9030036.
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The seasoned equity offering (SEO) market plays a significant role in the economic development of a country by providing liquidity for ongoing commercialization and innovation. This study is a comprehensive analysis of 149 SEOs and their effect on share prices in Thailand between 2009 and 2019. SEOs are categorized based on their time categories (early, mid, and grown) and volume categories (small, medium, big, and super). Using the event study methodology (multi-factor model), we find that most SEOs under both categories have a negative cumulative abnormal return (CAR) in the window period. Ranking the types of SEOs reveals that grown SEOs have the highest proportion of negative CAR under the time categories. Under the volume categories, medium SEOs show the largest share. The results were validated by regression assumption tests provided by Gnu Regression, Econometrics and Time-series Library, and correspond to established theories. The paper also contains an extensive literature review of studies examining the link between SEOs and share-price development. Our findings have important implications for corporations, investors, and regulatory bodies and can thus help in increasing market confidence for sustainable corporate funding.
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Jitkuekul, Premruedee, and Sirinna Khamtanet. "A Conjoint Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Chilli Products in Thailand: A Case Study on Chilli Sauce." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(17).
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Chili is a spice typically grown globally, including in Thailand, for either domestic consumption or commercial purposes. If considered in terms of economic perspectives, growing chili can help farmers earn some income as well as becoming a prosperous business for retailers. Moreover, chili is a major ingredient for the processed food and medicine industries, with profits gained by exporting it overseas. Thailand has a 5.44 per cent market share of chili worldwide with its chili products exported overseas, namely, green and red chili, dried chili and ground chili, as well as chili dips for chicken, chili paste and curry paste. These exports are expected to keep increasing to those who favor Thai food in foreign countries (Senadee, Pomrit, & Chaiyaporn, 2018). In Thailand, growing and cultivating chili ranks fifth in the world, as the plant is grown in a total land area of 575,787.5 Rai (FAO, 2016), which yields 332,888 tons of fresh chili. Northeastern Thailand is an area where most chili is grown, accounting for about 37 per cent. There, a total land area of 128,932 Rai yields 117,150 tons of fresh chili (DOAE, 2019) . Keywords: Chilli sauce, Conjoint analysis, Consumer preferences, Customer satisfaction, New product development
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Sumaryadi, Nurcahyaningtyas S. "PENGARUH LIBERALISASI TERHADAP PERDAGANGAN BILATERAL JEPANG DENGAN CINA DAN ASEAN-5." KINERJA 7, no. 2 (November 8, 2016): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/kinerja.v7i2.790.
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This study provides the possible effects of trade liberalization commitments (WTO and APEC) on the bilateral trade between Japan and the ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Thailand, Phillipines, Malaysia and Singapore) and China. The degree of the export rivalry or competition between these countries in the Japanese market is examined in two stages. First, using the GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project Model) to simulate the liberalization impact on the export of these countries in the Japanese market, as well as the Japanese export to these countries. Second, by using the conventional shift-share methodology in order to sense the degree of competition. Findings from this empirical work show that in general China will benefit more than ASEAN-5 countries from the WTO and APEC trade liberalization, especially in its export of textile and resource based manufactures to the Japanese market. Contrarily, ASEAN-5 countries will somewhat suffer some disadvantage on its export to Japan. However, Indonesia and the Phillipines can still rely on its export of resource based manufactures, while Malaysia would still maintain its advantage on its high technology and capital intensive products, Singapore on its service sector, and Thailand on is agricultural manufactures. Japan would benefit most on its bilateral trade with China. Simulations show that there will be an increase of intra-trading, especially in the textile market with China, and agricultural manufactures market with Thailand.Keywords : Trade liberalization, export competitiveness, GTAP, specialization
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ELANGO, DINESH, and KRITCHANUT PRAYOONPONG. "Customers’ behavior intension regarding online shopping of general product and insecticide in Thailand." Integrated Journal of Business and Economics 4, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v4i2.288.
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The global market of insecticide products is expected to garner around 16.7 Billion US by 2020, registering a CAGR of 5.0% during the forecast period 2014 to 2020. Companies are operating in this market focus on product launches as part of their growth strategy. As the retail sales of global e-commerce have continuously grown, e-commerce has gained the large share from physical retail over the last decade derived from the impact of greater internet access and technology development that make online shopping easier and more convenience. The research analyzes data of customer behavior intention by parallel compare impact of the data from general product and insecticide product. In analyzing data, single Linear Regression and multiple linear regression were employed to investigate the impact and difference between dependent and independent variable. The 400 respondents who are using online application and have online shopping experience were implied to investigate the factors that have intention to decision on purchase product via online channel in this research. The results have been interpreted that people have more concern on purchase of insecticide online in product attitude, customer service, purchase and delivery, and promotion of insecticide. This study concept and valid the customer behavior toward insecticide product for set strategy of the insecticide in online market.
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Kim, Bong-Tae. "Pricing Behavior for Sustainably Farmed Fish in International Trade: The Case of Norwegian Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2018): 4814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124814.
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The purpose of this study is to examine how the competitive advantage on international markets based on sustainable production is reflected in the pricing behavior of farmed fish, using Norwegian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as an example. The salmon is widely consumed and highly traded due to the rapid development of aquaculture. Norway, which has been successful in regulating and innovating for sustainable aquaculture, accounts for more than half of world production. A model dealing with pass-through of exchange rates and tariff rates based on the exporter’s profit maximization was applied to 28 major countries importing from Norway, using yearly panel data for 2000–2016. Significant evidence of price discrimination was observed in Asian countries where Norway has a high market share, such as China, South Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam. This implies that the market structure of imperfect competition played a major role, suggesting the need to diversify imports to transform the market structure in favor of consumers in Asian countries. Research on the pricing behavior of fisheries products, including cultured fish, is limited in international trade. This paper addresses the gap by applying the pass-through model with changes in tariff rate as well as exchange rate.
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Muslika, Ria, and Novi Diana Badrut Tamami. "DAYA SAING KOMODITAS EKSPOR (KARET) INDONESIA KE CHINA." Agriekonomika 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v8i2.5426.
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China merupakan negara tujuan ekspor Karet Indonesia. Produsen Karet ke China selain Indonesia adalah Thailand dan Malaysia. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis daya saing dan pangsa pasar ekspor karet Indonesia ke China. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Market Share untuk menganalisis daya saing dan pangsa pasar Karet Indonesia ke China. Hasil dari analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa Karet Indonesia di China memiliki daya saing dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0,528 (nilai RCA1) dan pangsa pasar ekspor Karet Indonesia di China rata-rata sebesar 0,491% selama tahun 2003-2017.
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Phoochinda, Wisakha, and Saraporn Kriyapak. "Electronic Waste Recycling Business: Solution, Choice, Survival." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 4 (August 26, 2021): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160409.
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This study aimed to investigate factors impacting the electronic waste management in Thailand and recommend guidelines to drive the electronic waste recycling business in the country. The study used the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a conceptual framework. The in-depth interview was carried out using the semi-structured interview with the target agencies including government agencies, local administrative organizations, establishments related to electronic waste management (Factories in categories 105 and 106) as well as community junk shops in Chatuchak District, Bangkok. The study findings revealed that in considering the volume of electronic waste generated in Thailand and the share of important basic metals and plastics as components in electrical and electronic equipment to be used as secondary raw materials, the potential value from electronic waste recycling (household electrical appliances) could reach over 9,000,000,000 baht (9,165,701,106 baht) with the increasing trend following the increased volume of electronic waste. The market of the electronic waste recycling business in Thailand had the potential to grow. Upgrading of the electronic waste management system in Thailand was required for more efficiency, in particular, the process of collection, buy-back of product waste, reuse, and increased technological potential. Advanced technology needed to be developed to extract metals from electronic waste in order to obtain more varied metals.
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Nurjati, Eka. "Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Jahe Indonesia di Pasar Utama Internasional Periode Tahun 2008-2018." Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 276–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2022.006.01.27.
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Jahe merupakan komoditas andalan ekspor Indonesia. Namun, nilai ekspor jahe pada Tahun 2008-2018 menurun yang disebabkan penurunan produksi dan hambatan ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing ekspor jahe Indonesia dibandingkan dengan negara eksportir jahe lainnya di negara tujuan ekspor. Negara eksportir yang dibandingkan tingkat daya saingnya dengan Indonesia yaitu Thailand dan India. Negara tujuan ekspor dalam penelitian ini adalah Amerika Serikat, Jepang, dan Malaysia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Constant Market Share (CMS) sebagai alat ukur daya saing. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat daya saing ekspor jahe Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan Thailand dan India baik menggunakan metode RCA maupun CMS. Strategi kunci peningkatan daya saing ekspor jahe Indonesia terletak pada ketersediaan produksi dan jaminan kualitas. Pengembangan dan diseminasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, kualitas, pola kemitraan dan perluasan pangsa pasar merupakan strategi pendukung terwujudnya ekspor jahe Indonesia yang berdaya saing.
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Phusavat, Kongkiti, Bordin Vongvitayapirom, Pekka Kess, and Binshan Lin. "Safety management system in automotive and energy industries." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 4 (April 3, 2017): 569–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-08-2012-0116.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the key results and lessons of a study in Thailand. Occupational safety and health is the foundation of ISO 26000, which emphasizes on corporate social responsibility. This study underlines the needs on gradually preparing the industries for market integration. Design/methodology/approach Two leading companies in automotive and energy industries are selected. The automotive industry is one of Thailand’s largest clusters in terms of investment, employment, and sale turnovers. On the other hand, the energy industry is critical as Thailand seeks to import energies from neighboring and other countries. The in-depth analysis aims to identify excellent practices, elements, and success factors commonly shared by the two selected companies. The interviews with the companies’ executives follow this identification for the findings’ confirmation and possible extension. Findings The findings provide a description of the process of how an integrated safety management system is implemented and reports results such as the following. The two leading companies apparently share many common practices, elements, and success factors. They include safety culture (empowerment, behavior, communication, etc.), system and structure (processes, instruction, documentations, records, etc.), and use of external influences (e.g. safety audits by international partners and customers) to sustain the safety management system. Originality/value This study should inform executives and managers who are concerned with how to prepare an organization when attempting to adapt to Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems 18000 and subsequently to ISO 26000. Building a strong safety culture should be considered as the foundation, while relying on regulatory compliance and enforcement alone is not adequate.
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De Koninck, Rodolphe, and Claude Comtois. "L’accélération de l’intégration du commerce extérieur des pays de l’ASEAN au marché mondial." Études internationales 11, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701017ar.
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For the period 1965-1977, for each of the five ASEAN member countries (Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore) as well as for the whole of the region, were examinee the evolution of the volume and of the components of the import and export trade, as well as that of the proportional share of the various trading partners. The following tendencies are apparent. 1) The region's national economies are increasingly « world trade oriented ». 2) Since the founding of ASEAN in 1967, the proportional share of intraregional trade has been declining. 3) The composition of this trade is increasingly determined by the needs of industrial countries. 4) The proportional share of the trading carried out with industrial countries, and particularly with Japan, is also increasing. 5) Singapore seems to play a key role in this articulation of the integration of the region to the world market, an integration detrimental to regional internal integration, an official goal of the ASEAN.
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Ingot, Steven Raja, and Ridho Meyrandoyo Hastjarjo. "ANALISIS DAMPAK LIBERALISASI PERDAGANGAN BARANG PADA PERUNDINGAN INDONESIA–EU CEPA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA." Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v11i2.223.
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Uni Eropa (EU) merupakan salah satu negara tujuan utama ekspor Indonesia, namun pangsa pasar Indonesia di Uni Eropa masih di bawah beberapa negara ASEAN lainnya. Pada tahun 2015, pangsa pasar Indonesia di Uni Eropa baru mencapai 0,37% masih berada di bawah pangsa pasar Thailand (0,48%), Malaysia (0,49%), dan Vietnam (0,74%) (Trademap 2017). Indonesia membutuhkan akses pasar untuk dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar di Uni Eropa dan salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan liberalisasi perdagangan barang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak liberalisasi perdagangan barang terhadap perekonomian Indonesia dengan dua opsi, yaitu Simulasi 1 (SIM1) yaitu penghapusan tarif 100% untuk 4.945 pos tarif HS 6 digit. Simulasi 2 (SIM2) yaitu penghapusan tarif 100% kecuali untuk Uni Eropa sebanyak 260 pos tarif dan Indonesia sebanyak 235 pos tarif. Simulasi 2 digunakan untuk mempertimbangkan modalitas yang mirip dengan modalitas Vietnam-EU Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (Vietnam-EU PCA). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) yang terdapat pada Global Trade Analytical Project (GTAP). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa simulasi 1 memberikan dampak yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan simulasi 2, karena tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan Indonesia pada simulasi 1 lebih besar daripada simulasi 2. Namun demikian, Indonesia tetap dapat menggunakan modalitas sebagaimana dilakukan oleh kerjasama Vietnam-EU PCA sebagai dasar perundingan Indonesia – European Union Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (I-EU CEPA) karena selisihnya dikategorikan tidak terlalu besar. European Union (EU) is one of the main destinations of Indonesian export; however, the Indonesia’s market share has been left behind compared to some other ASEAN countries. In 2015, Indonesia's market share in the EU has reached only 0.37%, which was still left behind from the market share of Thailand (0.48%), Malaysia (0.49%) and Vietnam (0.74%) (Trademap, 2017). Indonesia requires a market access to increase market share in the EU, for instance by liberalizing trade in goods. This study aims to analyze the impact of liberalization of trade in goods on the Indonesian economy with two options: Simulation 1(SIM 1) by reducing tariff 100% for 4,945 tariff lines based on HS 6 digits, and Simulation 2 (SIM 2) by reducing 100% tariffs except 260 tariffs lines of EU and 235 tariff lines of Indonesia. Simulation 2 was conducted to consider the similiar modalities undertaken by Vietnam-EU Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (Vietnam-EU PCA). The analytical methods used Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model in the Global Trade Analytical Project (GTAP). The result shows that simulation 1 gives a better impact compared to simulation 2, as the level of economic growth and the welfare of Indonesia. Simulation 1 is larger than Simulation 2. However, Indonesia can use the modalities similar with Vietnam-EU PCA modalities as the basis of the Indonesia-EU Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (I-EU CEPA) negotiations because the difference is not significant.
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Ngaochay, Thanee. "Paths to Success for 7-Eleven in Thailand." Information Management and Business Review 3, no. 1 (July 15, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v3i1.910.
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This paper reports on an empirical study aimed at elucidating reasons for success in the implementation of strategic decisions by 7–Eleven in Thailand. The 7–Eleven convenience store is a business format franchising operation, which includes the product or service, the brand name or trademark, and the operating system developed by the franchisor and it has experienced significant growth. The Charoen Pokphand (CP) All Public Company Limited (PCL) is the operator of the 7-Eleven convenience stores in Thailand and it has been involved, therefore, with creating opportunities in the franchise system for that market. Potential franchisors have staff trained and support provided for all aspects of their businesses. To have better chances for success, 7-Eleven needs to evaluate itself in order to improve its systems. People are one key success factor in the franchise business, particularly in terms of the representative of the franchisor, who as an agent of the company reflects the company’s image. For the company to achieve sustainable growth, emphasis should be placed on organizational and human resource development. Both parties in the business must provide high levels of cooperation to each other. The franchise business is a special relationship in which the parties can mutually share the benefits.
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Supsomboon, Srisawat. "Simulation for Jewelry Production Process Improvement Using Line Balancing: A Case Study." Management Systems in Production Engineering 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2019-0021.
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AbstractThai jewelry is the world’s leading jewelry which has gained high reputation and recognition from customers worldwide. In the past decade, jewelry have become one of the top ten export product of Thailand with the current export value of around 58,000 million baht per year which is 3.4 percent of all Thailand export products. Due to the high competition in the world market, however, Thai jewelry manufacturers needs to continue to improve their product quality as well as process efficiency in order to gain more market share. Currently, computer-aided tools have become more powerful tool in jewelry production management. They have been used to design production process, plant and workstation layout, production planning, worker’s scheduling, and other decisive decision making in both high management and shop floor levels. This research demonstrates a case study of plant simulation application for jewelry production process improvement. The objective is to reduce bottlenecks and increase productivity in wax pattern and casting processes using line balancing. Various scenarios have been proposed in order to support different level of desired output rate due to the increase of demand. The results of line balancing and simulation models reduce bottlenecks. Hence, productivity is increased. The desired throughput rates are achieved with the minimum number of workers and machine in the system.
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Kim, Byung-Kook, and Hyug-Baeg Im. "‘Crony Capitalism’ in South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan: Myth and Reality." Journal of East Asian Studies 1, no. 1 (February 2001): 5–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800000230.
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A new myth is in the making. Once held as a model of development by practitioners and theorists alike, East Asia's Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs) are now identified as an epitome of ‘crony capitalism,’ a perversely deformed system of political and economic exchange driven by rent seekers. The privileged few have allegedly captured the state to pillage banks and sabotage market forces in pursuit of rents. But imbued with Confucian norms, which Francis Fukuyama (1995) once characterized as limiting the ‘radius’ of trust to familial ties, society cannot weed out rent seekers. The emphasis on personal loyalty is held as breeding clientelistic networks, which easily degenerate into a collusion for monopoly profits. Hiding behind a profoundly opaque corporate governance structure and protected by dense political patronage networks, business firms engage in shady deals to share rents with party politicians and state bureaucrats. From this perspective, the 1997 financial crisis was a logical outcome of East Asia's exclusionary cultural proclivities, opaque institutional arrangements, and shady business practices.
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Shuquan, He. "Competition among China and ASEAN-5 in the US Market: A New Extension to Shift-Share Analysis." SocioEconomic Challenges 3, no. 4 (2019): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.3(4).129-137.2019.
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The United States has a robust trade and investment relationship with China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). ASEAN is collectively the fourth-largest trading partner, and China is one of the largest trade partners of the United States, the largest export destination for China. Thus, China and ASEAN countries are competing in the US market intensively. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the net gains or losses for the ASEAN-5 Members and China during 1993 and 2007 in the US market. There are two main contributions of this paper: one is to dynamically estimate the net shifts of the economies as compared to the traditional comparative static approach; the other is to extend the shift‐share analysis to attribute the net gains or losses to competing exporters. This study adopts the widely used shift-share analysis technique to exam the net gains or losses for the ASEAN-5 and China during 1993-2007 in the Unites Sates market. The paper provides a new extension to the shift‐share analysis to attribute the net shift to competing economies with a dynamic approach. The paper applies the methodology to the competition among China and ASEAN-5 in the US import market with the data drawn from World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS), a data consultation and extraction software developed by the World Bank. The discussion focuses on three periods: 1993-1997, 1998-2002 and 2003-2007. In general, China performs the best among the competing economies. Among the ASEAN-5 Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand perform better than the other two members. During the first period, all economies have positive export growth as the actual export growth shows. However, in terms of net shift, only China and the Philippines are the winners with positive value of net shifts. During the second period, China stands out while the ASEAN economies show negative net shifts values. Similar is the case for the third period. In terms of the industries, China focuses on different industries during the thee periods, and the ASEAN economies depend heavily on a few industries. China’s gains in these industries are much bigger than the ASEAN economies’ gains in value. The ASEAN economies gain in small numbers of industries with small values. When attributed the gains or losses to competing economies, China only loses to the Philippines during 1993-1997, and gains from all competing economies during all periods. Though net losers, the ASEAN-5 also gain from other competing economies. For example, Indonesia gains from Singapore and Thailand during 1993-1997, from the Philippines and Singapore during 1998-2002, from Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore during 2003-2007. The trade war between the United States and China provides opportunity for the ASEAN countries in the Unites Sates market, however, there are negative impacts on the ASEAN countries as well. The ASEAN countries are more vulnerable. Keywords: shift-share analysis, export competitiveness, Asia, ASEAN, China.
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Ngoc Bui, Toan, and Thu-Trang Thi Doan. "The impact of stock market development on economic growth: A GMM approach." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 18, no. 3 (August 6, 2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(3).2021.07.
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This study investigated the impact of stock market development (SMD) on economic growth (EG) among emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) in Asia. The data sample includes eight Asian EMDEs (China, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam) from 2008 to 2019. These countries share several similarities, so this ensures reliability of the results. Regarding the analysis, the generalized method of moments (GMM) is used for the estimation. The results show that SMD exerts a positive impact on EG. This finding confirms the importance of SMD in improving efficient capital accumulation and allocation, and also allows investors to reduce risks and increase liquidity, which will boost EG. Further, the significant influence of domestic credit (DC), control of corruption (CC), and inflation (INF) on EG is also highlighted. These findings are valuable empirical evidence that greatly contributes to reinforcing the suitability of classical economic growth theories, especially the theory of endogenous growth. They are also essential to EMDEs in Asia. Accordingly, the EMDEs should develop effective policies to improve the stock market’s scale, which contributes substantially to the development of EG. Moreover, these economies need to pursue many appropriate policies in sync, such as stimulating SMD, improving governance effectiveness and implementing effective macroeconomic policies. Acknowledgment This study was funded by the Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH), Vietnam (grant number: 21/1TCNH01).
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Depeige, Audrey Catherine, and Stavros Sindakis. "Enhancing competitiveness through MNC-local firms co-opetitive relationships." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 4, no. 8 (November 26, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2014-0054.
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Subject area The case study reflects issues and challenges in the fields of strategy, management, competitive intelligence and new organizational designs. Study level/applicability The case study is recommended for MBA and postgraduate courses in strategy, management, competitive intelligence and new organizational designs. The case can also be used in executive development programs focusing on business strategy and innovation. Case overview It is 2009. LK Company has newly been established as lighting products manufacturer. Based in Thailand, the firm commences its business operations with an aggressive pricing strategy (low-cost products). At the time of the establishment and launch of operation activities, the market leader [an international multinational company (MNC)] has above 35 per cent market share, leaving LK with an initial 2 per cent market share. While the share of LK grew from 2 to 10 per cent in the past five years, competition in the industry nevertheless remains harsh. Companies are confronted with pressures to invest in the development of new energy-saving lamps, and in this context, LK's company executive board needs to make a strategic decision on which way to follow to sustain the business: shall this be with or without foreign MNCs. Expected learning outcomes Students will be able to better understand; analyze and assess the importance of resource management in highly competitive environments, as well as the importance of designing alternative growth strategies by identifying and assessing changes in the market/environment. They are introduced to characteristics of co-opetition strategies, advantages and disadvantages of co-opetitive business structures and impact of the choice of business partners over time. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Bin Mohamad, Mohamad Hanapi. "FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT LAW IN ASEAN COUNTRIES: PROSPECT FOR ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY." Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 8, no. 1 (April 27, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v0ixx.21918.
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<p>The development of ASEAN towards the establishment of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015 has brought into sharp focus on the issue of economic and financial integration in the region. The ASEAN region has been the largest recipient of FDI, relative to GDP in Asia Pacific. Between 1952 and 2012, Singapore accounts for more than half of total FDI to the whole region. Thailand ranks the second with a 13 percent share, followed by Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and the Philippines which account between 13 to 8 percent. Foreign direct investment into ASEAN recovered from the world economic crisis and regained its 2007 level of USD 76 thousand million in 2010. ASEAN Dialogue Partners comprising EU, USA and Japan accounted USD 64 thousand million, while the share of Intra-ASEAN in this total was 16% which indicates the progress of ASEAN integration. Theories of economic integration and market liberalization have been used to explain the role of foreign direct investment in developing countries. This paper aims to examine ASEAN’s financial integration prospects. ASEAN integration could accelerate in the years ahead with enhancing financial infrastructure and reliable flexible policy frameworks. On the long term closer engagement among member countries could potentially increase real incomes and accelerate real convergence.</p>
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Natakun, Boonanan, and Khemmiga Teerapong. "Social Design Enterprises in Thailand: Potentials and Challenges." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 11, no. 1 (October 30, 2014): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v11i1.23883.
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Design professions have generally connected to the commercial world rather than being a socially conscious practice. This paper aims to explore ideas and operations of social design practices that combine the value of social responsibility with designers’ day-to-day practices. This study examines social design enterprises in the field of advertising and architectural design in Thailand: Choojai Creative for Good(s) and Openspace. Although potential clients, products, and production time required by these two design businesses are relatively different in nature, they share similar design philosophy and process which is participatory applied at the beginning of the project until the production process. Thus, these professional social design groups are able to embed social responsibility values into their design projects which are illustrative of a social model of design enterprise that serves specific groups of people and Thai society more broadly. In-depth interviews with co-founders, designers and partners/ clients of the selected social design firms were employed to explore ideas, aspirations and needs. Moreover, to examine values embedded in their social design, discourse analysis of media release and reviews of their successful design projects were also undertaken. Findings have shown that social design firms have emerged and become part of Thai design industry when designers and architects can balance between idealism with pragmatic management of limited resources. The discussion has illustrated potential and challenges of social design firms as a business model by concluding that designers’ past reputations, social networks and broader community engagement through media releases are essential for social design firms to succeed their social design projects and to survive as business firms in the real market.
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Koojaroenprasit, Sauwaluck. "THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 AND THE BEHAVIOR OF CONSUMER USING FOOD DELIVERY SERVICE VIA GRAB FOOD APPLICATION IN BANGKOK, THAILAND." ASIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 3, no. 2 (2022): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/ajeb.2022.v03i02.06.
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Due to Covid-19 pandemic, Thailand has been shut down to prevent the spread of the virus. The delivery food application has received more interest from the consumers. Grabfood delivery food application played the major role in the food delivery market with the market share 76 percent in 2019. The aim of this research was to study consumers’ behaviors in the Bangkok area ordering delivery food via GrabFood application during the pandemic of COVID-19. Sample size was 385 collected via online questionnaires. The result showed that most of the observations were female, aged 20 to 30 years old, and most of them were single. Their education level were bachelor’s degree which mostly were private employees with monthly income 15,001- 25,000 Baht. For the customers’ behavior toward using GrabFood delivery application, the average spending was 151-300 Baht each time. The popular type of food and period ordered was Fast Food at 6:01 - 9:00 p.m. on Saturday. Most of the respondents knowed GrabFood from online advertisement.
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Decha, Oraphan. "IMPACT OF SERVICE QUALITY, SATISFACTION AND PASSENGERS BEHAVIOUR OF FULL-SERVICE AIRLINES OPERATING IN THAILAND." EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics, no. 5(18) (October 1, 2019): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.5(18).2019.65-78.
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Airline companies today are faced with various challenges such as cutting price, managing fluctuating demand, and meeting quality requirements. In addition to these issues, intense competition in the global airline industry has intensified the importance of customer perception of service quality. Numerous studies demonstrate the dependence of airline’s market share, revenues, positive word of mouth, and customer retention on consumer perception of service quality, and in turn, on customer satisfaction and loyalty. This paper explains the relationship between service quality, satisfaction and passenger behavior for full-services airlines operating in Thailand. The survey questionnaire was designed and administered to 110 respondents who all were passengers of these airlines. Our four hypotheses concerned such variables as service quality and passenger satisfaction, satisfaction and word of mouth, satisfaction and repurchase intention, and satisfaction and feedback. SERVPERF was used as the key instrument in our analysis. Top managers of full-service airlines often tend to disregard high priority of quality components. Thus, they should be more aware of the importance of service quality and passenger’s satisfaction in determining the behavioral intentions of passengers.
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Suvittawat, Adisak. "Logistics service innovation for business growth: A case study of Thai logistics entrepreneurs." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(7).
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With the advent of e-commerce the logistics industry experienced a new never before seen high. Logistics is a great opportunity for service innovations and business growth in this time and age. This research study compared Thai and Indonesian logistics entrepreneurs in various dimensions including: customer satisfaction, service guarantee, service blueprint, pay by installment, product testing trial and the offering of additional services. Logistics has become a service industry with a service mind that follows a service blueprint. Those who do not adjust to the demands of the market and focus on customer satisfaction are left behind and miss out on the business growth opportunity. Indonesian logistics services are still reaching back to their colonial heritage and have to regroup and refocus while Thailand appears to be ahead of the game; even so Indonesia may have a greater transport volume in terms of export and ocean cargo. Thailand embraces the demand for new domestic logistic services like Grab and companies like Kerry carry more than their fare share focusing on warranties and guaranties something new in an industry and country who usually passes on the blame whenever they can. But in this case with logistics the innovative companies take responsibility. Keywords: business growth; entrepreneurs; logistics; service innovation
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Liu, Yunhua, and Hang Luo. "Impact of Globalization on International Trade between ASEAN-5 and China: Opportunities and Challenges." Global Economy Journal 4, no. 1 (October 13, 2004): 1850015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1005.
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This paper evaluates the impact of China's WTO entry and the establishment of a free-trade agreement between China and ASEAN on the ASEAN-5 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand). We examine the trade competition between the two regions using a market-share model and assess the impact of China's WTO entry on the ASEAN-5 with an exchange rate-tariff model, based on two-digit SITC data. It is found that for the period 1987 to 2000 the competition in trade only occurred between China and Singapore in manufacturing goods, while the competition between China and other four nations was in primary goods. The trade-widening opportunity between the two regions appears much larger than the competitive challenges for ASEAN-5 after the WTO entry of China and the establishment of FTA between ASEAN and China, impacts on different industries are evaluated.
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Tety, E., D. Kurnia, and Y. Andriani. "Competitiveness analysis of Indonesian processes and non-processed agricultural commodities in the ASEAN Region." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 978, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/978/1/012033.
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Abstract The commitment of the ASEAN Economic Community opens opportunities up for member countries including Indonesia to improve the trade balance, especially in processed and non-processed agricultural products. These opportunities should be followed by increasing the competitiveness of each country. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of exports of processed and non-processed Indonesian agricultural products in the ASEAN region and the competitiveness of exports of agricultural products in ASEAN countries to the main destination countries. TSI analysis was used to determine the development of exports, while the Constant Market Share (CMS) and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) approaches are used to analyze the competitiveness and competitive advantages of each ASEAN member country. The results showed that Indonesia was in the top position for the export of agricultural processed products in 2009 with a TSI reaching 0.87. Whereas non-processed agricultural products led by Thailand with TSI reached 0.89. Increased competitiveness of processed and non-processed products is more influenced by increased demand in export destination countries. The RCA index of non - processed agricultural products in Thailand reached a peak in 2014 at a 3.2 position, while Indonesia had the highest RCA index in agricultural processed products which reached 8.80. This shows that Indonesia has comparative advantages in agricultural processed products compared to other countries in ASEAN.
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Jantachalobon, Nattapong, Pongtana Vanichkobchinda, and Nanthi Suthikarnnarunai. "Airline Network Analysis of ASEAN International Airport Region." Open Transportation Journal 8, no. 1 (July 11, 2014): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801408010019.
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This research is a methodology to measure the position of hub airports in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this research was to measure the number of indirect connecting flights in ASEAN. The documents used for this research were the statistics of annual reports between 2003 and 2012 of ten airports. Four methods of analysis were used: Netscan model, Concentration ratio, Herfindahl-Hirschman index, and Comprehensive concentration index. Market share in ASEAN airports is dominated by five big companies: Suvarnabhumi International Airport (BKK) in Thailand, Changi International Airport (SIN) in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KUL) in Malaysia, Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL) in the Philippines and Sugarno Hatta International Airport (CGK) in Indonesia. The first three are of these airports are major hubs for the ASEAN region. The analysis presented in this research may be helpful for airports or airlines in identifying their network performance and position in relation to their competition.
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Zainal, Sylvi Meidika, Suardi Tarumun, and Ermi Tety. "Analysis of Competitiveness and Factors that Affect Indonesian Pineapple Exports." Journal of Agribusiness and Community Empowerment (JACE) 4, no. 2 (September 26, 2021): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32530/jace.v4i2.289.
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Pineapple is one of the leading commodities of the Indonesian horticultural sub-sector which has been known around the world and has the potential to be used as a mainstay export commodity in international trade. This research aims to analyze the competitiveness and factors that affect Indonesian pineapple exports in the international market. The analytical methods used are quantitative methods, namely estimation of competitiveness and factors that affect Indonesia's pineapple exports in several destination countries using Export Product Dynamic (EPD), multiple linear regression analysis, and classic assumption deviation tests. Indonesia's pineapple export destinations are Bahrain, Japan, Kuwait, Qatar, Singapore, and United Arab Emirates. Based on the estimated export product dynamic index (EPD) shows that the Indonesian pineapple export destination market position has strong competitiveness and occupies a "Rising Star" position so that it can continue to maintain its marketing, then occupy the position of "Retreat" then not potentially export due to the decrease in export share and declining export demand compared to competitive countries, namely Thailand and the Philippines. Then, based on the estimated multiple linear regression it is shown that Indonesian pineapple price to US$ has a significant effect on Indonesian pineapple export volume, while Indonesian pineapple productivity and Indonesian pineapple export value have no significant effect on Indonesian pineapple export volume.
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Garabedian, Laura Faden, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Sauwakon Ratanawijitrasin, Peter Stephens, and Anita Katharina Wagner. "Impact of universal health insurance coverage in Thailand on sales and market share of medicines for non-communicable diseases: an interrupted time series study." BMJ Open 2, no. 6 (2012): e001686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001686.
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Rettinger, Renata, and Piotr Staszak. "Europejskie połączenia lotnicze głównych regionów turystycznych Azji Południowo-Wschodniej." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 6 (January 1, 2010): 462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.6.35.
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Transport plays a key role in satisfying the needs associated with tourist activity, both in regard to actually reaching one’s destination as well as in regard to local transport in the area visited. East Asia and the Pacific is the most dynamically developing market of inbound tourism in the world. Between 2000–2008, international tourist arrivals increased by 67.2% (74 mln). The subregion of Southeast Asia was visited by 70.9% (36.1 mln) more tourists than 8 years before. Malaysia is the most frequently visited country in the region, with 22.1 mln international arrivals in 2008, compared to 14.6 mln in Thailand and 7.8 mln in Singapore. Thailand has the largest influx of tourists followed by Malaysia. It is predicted that the importance of tourism in the region will continue to grow in the future. The percentage of international tourist arrivals to East Asia and the Pacific will have increased to 25% by 2020. The key factor in the region is its accessibility as regards transport links, a factor which explains the rapid development of its airports, including the largest ones of Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. The present flight schedule (winter season 2009) has 338 connections between those cities and Europe, mostly from Bangkok (177). Singapore has 113 connections weekly with Europe while Kuala Lumpur only 48. None of these airports has regular connections with Polish airports except charter flights operated by Air Italy from Warsaw to Bangkok and connections under code share agreements.