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Crosnoe, Robert, and Jenny Trinitapoli. "Shared Family Activities and the Transition From Childhood Into Adolescence." Journal of Research on Adolescence 18, no. 1 (March 2008): 23–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2008.00549.x.
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Berc, Gordana, Slavica Blažeka Kokorić, and Anita Dučkić Sertić. "Strengthening family cohesion through shared participation of family members in religious activities in Croatia." Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought 36, no. 3 (May 25, 2017): 326–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2017.1322931.
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Sobkin, Vladimir S., and Ksenia N. Skobeltsina. "Shared activities of parents with their preschool children during family pastime." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 8, no. 2 (2015): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2015.0205.
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McAuley, Colette, Caroline McKeown, and Brian Merriman. "Spending Time with Family and Friends: Children’s Views on Relationships and Shared Activities." Child Indicators Research 5, no. 3 (September 2012): 449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12187-012-9158-2.
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Lehto, Xinran Y., Xiaoxiao Fu, Hanliang Li, and Lingqiang Zhou. "Vacation Benefits and Activities." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 41, no. 3 (July 27, 2016): 301–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348013515921.
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Family as a travel unit is an emerging phenomenon in China. This market segment, however, has not received as much scholarly attention as it deserves. This study investigated the vacation benefits that Chinese families pursue and their destination activity participation. Factor analysis revealed four dimensions of vacation benefits sought, namely, Communication and Togetherness, Shared Exploration, Escape and Relaxation, and Experiential Learning for Children. Taking pictures and videos was noted to be the most prevalent activity that Chinese family travelers were engaged in. This study further explored the interrelationships between the benefit-sought domains and destination activities. The results identified significant linkages between the two. The uncovered associations suggested that vacation activities served as a functional means to an end for Chinese families. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings were discussed, followed by recommendations for future research.
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Valdemoros San Emeterio, María Ángeles, Ana Ponce de León Elizondo, Rosa Ana Alonso Ruiz, Magdalena Sáenz de Jubera Ocón, and Eva Sanz Arazuri. "Grandparents’ and Grandchildren’s Shared Festive Leisure." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 8850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168850.
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Festive leisure provides experiences that can generate intergenerational well-being. The study aimed to examine the festive leisure activities shared by grandparents and grandchildren, and the link with times, spaces, motives, and well-being that these activities bring to both generations. A cross-sectional telematic survey was carried out with 357 grandparents living in the northern part of Spain, who had grandchildren aged between 6 and 12 years. Both a descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. A high proportion of grandparents and grandchildren share festive activities, which occur on weekends and holiday periods. Private spaces, such as bars, cafeterias, and restaurants are the ones chosen for going out to eat or drink, and open public spaces like parks, squares, and streets are dedicated to traditional festivals, and are excellent scenarios for coexistence and intergenerational social interaction. The reasons that drive this practice are associated with the strengthening of emotional ties and family intimacy. Grandparents consider the practice of shared festive leisure to be beneficial for their personal development because they perceive that, thanks to this leisure, they improve their creativity, physical condition, their happiness and fun, the relationship with their grandchildren, and develop new manual and technical skills.
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Ekker, S. C., L. L. McGrew, C. J. Lai, J. J. Lee, D. P. von Kessler, R. T. Moon, and P. A. Beachy. "Distinct expression and shared activities of members of the hedgehog gene family of Xenopus laevis." Development 121, no. 8 (August 1, 1995): 2337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.8.2337.
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The hedgehog family of signaling proteins is associated with a variety of spatial patterning activities in insects and vertebrates. Here we show that new members of this family isolated from Xenopus laevis are expressed embryonically in patterns suggestive of roles in patterning in the ectoderm, nervous system and somites. Banded hedgehog is expressed throughout the neural plate and subsequently in both the nervous system and in the dermatome of somites. Cephalic hedgehog is expressed in anterior ectoderm and endodermal structures, and sonic hedgehog is expressed in patterns which parallel those in other species. Injection of RNAs encoding Xenopus hedgehogs induces ectopic cement gland formation in embryos. Similar to reported activities of noggin and follistatin, Xenopus hedgehogs share a common ability to induce cement glands in animal cap explants. However, hedgehog activities in naive ectoderm appear capable of acting independently of noggin and follistatin since, although all three are induced by activin in animal cap explants, X-hh expression does not induce noggin or follistatin.
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Pazil, Nur Hafeeza Ahmad. "Familiarity as a Family." Journal of International Students 9, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 896–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v9i3.732.
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The purpose of this study is to explore close friendships and intimacy practices of Malaysian students in the context of living abroad. Some of the new close friends, specifically co-national friends in the UK, are perceived as “family” although some of them have not yet acquired family-like qualities in their relationships. Due to the situation of living abroad, the students acquired the “familiarity as a family” relationship—a new concept introduced in this study to explain this complicated relationship, with co-national friends in the Malaysian community in the UK. A sense of belonging and homophily, and shared physical space and activities are two key factors that influenced these practices of intimacy, which will foreground the discussion in this paper.
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Omotayo, Funmilola Olubunmi. "Information activities of commercial taxi drivers in Saki, Nigeria." Information Development 34, no. 5 (August 2, 2017): 504–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666917722584.
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Information behaviour of people differs according to the nature of their tasks and other activities they engage in. Therefore, the study of information behaviour is essential for different classes of individuals in the society. This study investigated the information behaviour of commercial taxi drivers in Saki, Nigeria. Survey design was adopted. Thirty-five taxi drivers were interviewed. The drivers had a variety of information needs, ranging from general information to specific information about their jobs. Interpersonal sources of information, which include discussion with friends, colleagues, and family members, were the preferred sources of information. They listened to radio and watched television, but at a very minimal level. The low educational status of the drivers was identified as a major cause of their reliance on interpersonal sources of information. The taxi drivers shared information among themselves during meetings, relaxation periods, and casual discussions. The use of the Internet to seek and share information was rare among the drivers.
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Holladay, Sherry, Rita Lackovich, Margaret Lee, Mindy Coleman, David Harding, and Desiree' Denton. "(Re)Constructing Relationships with Grandparents: A Turning Point Analysis of Granddaughters' Relational Development with Maternal Grandmothers." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 46, no. 4 (January 1, 1998): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/00gv-5pwf-udnh-ehdv.
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This study explores how granddaughters account for the development of their relationships with their maternal grandmothers. The retrospective interviewing technique was used to elicit turning points in their relational histories. Analysis of the turning point content revealed several different types of turning points that reflected both normative and idiosyncratic events. Increases in relational closeness resulted from decreases in geographic separation, engaging in shared activities, deaths or serious illnesses in the family, and family disruptions. Decreases in closeness were associated with negative experiences with the grandmother, increases in geographic separation, and the transition to college. Granddaughters reported that turning points related to death or serious illness and participation in shared activities were the most significant ones in their relationships with maternal grandmothers.
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Penrose, Heidi, Mark Ainsworth-Smith, Carmel Wills, and Samantha Scallan. "Is it safe to leave my patient at home? Interprofessional community-based learning." British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X703433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703433.
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BackgroundJoint training of clinicians working in overlapping care areas can be a powerful way to help develop cross-professional insights and knowledge, and stimulate shared reflection and development. This poster describes a novel educational evening, which saw GP trainees and South Central Ambulance Service (SCAS) staff coming together to learn and reflect through case-based discussion.AimThe aim of the educational evening was to enable participants to engage in shared learning activities using facilitated case scenarios based on common cases. Evaluation of the session highlighted in particular different approaches to risk management and uncertainty.MethodForty-seven (25 SCAS staff/22 GPs) participants attended the evening and worked in mixed SCAS/GP groups, which were facilitated by educators drawn from general practice and paramedic education. All participants completed pre-session information sheets and post-session evaluations.ResultsParticipants valued the evening and reported broadened knowledge and insight about the clinical work of the other group, including the nature of work and differences in care management practice. Participants reported that the case-based scenarios were relevant.ConclusionThe event helped participants to better understand each other’s roles gain and to learn together. The educational evening demonstrated that shared leaning can be powerful and generate insights for trainees and SCAS clinicians. Participants also made suggestions as to how the event might be developed for the future.
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Marello, Madeline, and Julie Patrick. "Role Centrality and Shared Activities With Grandchildren: Effects on Grandparent Depression." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1121.
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Abstract Research shows that physical and mental health are closely linked (Ohrnberger, Fichera, & Sutton, 2017). Further, social role theory states that holding and enacting valued roles, such as grandparenting, can buffer the negative effects of health on depression (Reitzes & Mutran, 2004). Using data from 247 grandparents (Mean age = 66.5; range 42 to 90 years; 46.2% grandfathers), we examined the differences between 164 custodial and 83 traditional grandparents on whether grandparent role centrality and engagement with grandchildren altered the effects of physical health on depression. The multigroup moderated moderation model was significant (X2(DF=30, N = 247) = 1610.78, p < .001; R2 = .797). We examined whether the paths were moderated by custodial status. Among custodial grandparents, role centrality (β = -.482**) and shared activities (β = -.493***) were significant predictors of depressive symptomatology. Moreover, the interaction between physical health and activities (β = .488***) and between physical health and role centrality (β = .522**) also accounted for significant variance among custodial grandparents. Custodial grandparents in poorer health who valued the grandparent role and those in poorer health who engaged with their grandchildren experienced fewer depressive symptoms. No such patterns were observed for traditional grandparents. Although we had anticipated that the interaction between role centrality and engagement with grandchildren would predict depressive symptoms, the interaction did not reach significance. Results are discussed in terms of the need to examine the differences of family/social contexts in grandparent populations.
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Wu, Yuechen, Rebecca W. Hamilton, Nicole You Jeung Kim, and Rebecca K. Ratner. "Navigating Shared Consumption Experiences: Clarity About a Partner’s Interests Increases Enjoyment." Journal of Marketing Research 58, no. 3 (April 12, 2021): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00222437211002818.
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Consumers frequently engage in activities with others, such as visiting an art gallery with a friend or going to a sports match with a family member, and they tend to assume that sharing experiences with another person will make these activities more enjoyable. However, navigating a shared experience—making decisions about pacing, sequencing, and interacting with another person as the experience unfolds—can take consumers’ attention away from the activity, potentially reducing their enjoyment. In a series of studies in which consumers engage in real consumption experiences, the authors show that lack of clarity about a partner’s interests can distract consumers, making it difficult for them to focus on the shared activity and reducing their enjoyment of shared experiences relative to solo experiences. Notably, simple interventions can increase clarity of a partner’s interests and consumers’ enjoyment of shared activities, providing tools for service providers who want to retain customers and benefit from positive word of mouth.
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Taylor, Ronald L. "Functional Uses of Reading and Shared Literacy Activities in Icelandic Homes: A Monograph in Family Literacy." Reading Research Quarterly 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/748032.
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Reinhard, Susan. "HOME ALONE REVISITED: FAMILY CAREGIVERS PROVIDING COMPLEX CARE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S747—S748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2740.
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Abstract In 2012, the Home Alone report brought to light the 46 percent of family caregivers that perform complex medical/nursing tasks. This presentation highlights new research conducted as part of a second Home Alone study to look closer at the family caregivers who perform these complex tasks with a specific focus on key medical/nursing tasks, including incontinence care, special diets, as well as certain sub-populations (e.g., multicultural communities, men, Millennials). An analysis of the increasing complexity of the challenges facing family caregivers who perform medical/nursing tasks in addition to assisting with instrumental activities of daily living and activities of daily living, will be shared. Presenters will also discuss its findings and the implications for individuals, their family caregivers and the healthcare providers who work with them.
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Osai, Keith V., and Shawn D. Whiteman. "Family Relationships and Youth Sport: Influence of Siblings and Parents on Youth's Participation, Interests, and Skills." Journal of Amateur Sport 3, no. 3 (November 28, 2017): 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v3i3.6518.
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Taking a family systems perspective, the present study investigated how older siblings’ and parents’ (mothers’ and fathers’) interests, skills, and participation in sports predicted younger siblings’ attitudes and behaviors in those same domains. Testing social learning principles, we further examined whether family members’ influence was stronger when they shared warmer relationships and siblings shared the same gender. Participants included mothers, fathers, and adolescent-aged first and second-born siblings from 197 maritally intact families. Families participated in home interviews as well as a series of 7 nightly phone calls during which participants reported on their daily activities. Across dependent variables, results revealed that parents’ and (with one exception) older siblings’ qualities were predictive of younger siblings’ interests, skills, and participation in sports. Inconsistent with hypotheses, however, family members’ influence was not moderated by relational warmth. Discussion highlights the need to examine the socialization processes by which siblings shape each other’s sport-related attitudes and activities.
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Viguer, Paz, Juan Carlos Meléndez, Sandra Valencia, Mª José Cantero, and Esperanza Navarro. "Grandparent-Grandchild Relationships from the Children's Perspective: Shared Activities and Socialization Styles." Spanish journal of psychology 13, no. 2 (November 2010): 708–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600002377.
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The objective of this study is to describe the relationships between grandchildren and their favourite grandparents, by studying the socialization styles used by latter and the shared activities undertaken. The participants were 360 children between 10 and 12 years old, who completed the grandparent-grandchild relationship questionnaire of Rico, Serra and Viguer (2001) and the socialization questionnaire of Rey and Ruiz (1990). The results demonstrate the importance of gender and family line in the selection of the favourite grandparent, differences being shown in the types of shared activities and in socialization styles. It is concluded that in the majority of cases the profile of the favourite grandparent is the maternal grandmother, retired or a house wife, aged between 60-70, who lives in the same city as his/her grandchild, and who has contact with them several times a week. Furthermore, favourite grandparents get more involved with granddaughters than with grandsons, both in support and care activities and in cultural-recreational activities, and they primarily employ a democratic style. However, there are differences depending on the gender of the grandchild, with democratic principles being used more with girls and authoritarian ones with boys.
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Romero, Alexandre, Paulo Guerra, Evelyn Costa, Taynã Santos, Douglas Andrade, and Alex Florindo. "Interventions by Physical Education professionals in Nuclei of Support to Family Health in São Paulo." Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.v.21n1p55-66.
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The aim of this study was to describe interventions developed by Physical Education professionals (PEP) inserted in the Nuclei of Support to Family Health (NASF) in the state of São Paulo. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 91PEP working in NASF of São Paulo, who answered by telephone. Data was analyzed descriptively (frequencies). Most participants were men with an average of 44 years of age. A greater part (96.7%) reported group sessions and shared sessions, independently of users health conditions. Gymnastics (76%) and walking (67%) were the most frequent activities. Most professionals did not intervene in school environments and did not participate in educational groups. The PEP mentioned the need for more spaces for the practice of physical activity, higher investment in interventions developed by the PEP prioritize the organization of physical activity groups in a shared environment, but are still missing the interventions in schools and broader educational activities.
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Wang, Yang, Yihan Wang, Florian Kohlbacher, and Ernest Gonzales. "PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND LONELINESS AMONG JAPANESE MIDLIFE AND OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3049.
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Abstract Background: Loneliness among older population is a public health concern shared worldwide. Using the motivational theory for life-span development, this study examined the associations between loneliness (social and emotional) and productive activities among midlife and older adults in Japan. Methods: The Japanese National Data on Lifestyle and Mental Health, a nationally representative sample of midlife and older adults (2011, N=1,575), were used to examine how employment, volunteering, helping family and friends, and informal caregiving was associated with social and emotional loneliness, controlling for multiple risk and protective factors. Results: Family caregiving was related to more social loneliness. Working, helping family, and volunteering were related to less emotional loneliness, while family caregiving was related to more emotional loneliness. Japanese male caregivers reported more social isolation compared to female caregivers. Face-to-face interactions reduced emotional loneliness among caregivers. Discussion: Findings underscored the nuanced difference of social loneliness and emotional loneliness. Social policies that advance productive aging should recognize “unintended consequences” and aim to protect older adults from social and emotional loneliness. Counselling services and social support programs specifically for Japanese male caregivers are warranted.
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Ritika, C., K. Suresh, and P. Anil Kumar. "Caenispirillum salinarum sp. nov., a member of the family Rhodospirillaceae isolated from a solar saltern." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_7 (July 1, 2012): 1698–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.035287-0.
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A novel Gram-negative, vibrio-shaped, motile bacterium, designated strain AK4T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from a solar saltern at Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India. Strain AK4T was positive for oxidase, urease and DNase activities but negative for gelatinase, catalase, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, nitrate reduction, aesculin, indole and lipase activities. The fatty acids were dominated by unsaturated components, with a high abundance of summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C17 : 1ω6c. Strain AK4T contained Q-10 as the major respiratory quinone and phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine as major polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain AK4T was 71.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain AK4T was most closely related to the type strain of Caenispirillum bisanense of the family Rhodospirillaceae (phylum ‘ Proteobacteria ’) (96.6 % sequence similarity). It shared <93.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with other members of the family. Based on phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain AK4T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Caenispirillum , for which the name Caenispirillum salinarum sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is AK4T ( = MTCC 10963T = JCM 17360T).
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Sharifian, Neika, A. Zarina Kraal, Afsara B. Zaheed, Ketlyne Sol, and Laura B. Zahodne. "Longitudinal Associations Between Contact Frequency with Friends and with Family, Activity Engagement, and Cognitive Functioning." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 26, no. 8 (March 23, 2020): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617720000259.
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AbstractObjectives:Social engagement may be an important protective resource for cognitive aging. Some evidence suggests that time spent with friends may be more beneficial for cognition than time spent with family. Because maintaining friendships has been demonstrated to require more active maintenance and engagement in shared activities, activity engagement may be one underlying pathway that explains the distinct associations between contact frequency with friends versus family and cognition.Methods:Using two waves of data from the national survey of Midlife in the United States (n = 3707, Mage = 55.80, 51% female at baseline), we examined longitudinal associations between contact frequency with friends and family, activity engagement (cognitive and physical activities), and cognition (episodic memory and executive functioning) to determine whether activity engagement mediates the relationship between contact frequency and cognition.Results:The longitudinal mediation model revealed that more frequent contact with friends, but not family, was associated with greater concurrent engagement in physical and cognitive activities, which were both associated with better episodic memory and executive functioning.Conclusion:These findings suggest that time spent with friends may promote both cognitively and physically stimulating activities that could help to preserve not only these social relationships but also cognitive functioning.
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Kolland, Franz. "Contrasting Cultural Profiles between Generations: Interests and Common Activities in Three Intrafamilial Generations." Ageing and Society 14, no. 3 (September 1994): 319–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00001616.
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ABSTRACTThis paper is concerned with intercultural relationships within the trigenerational family. As part of our study of sociostructural changes affecting the family, we have looked at these relationships from a basis of the concepts: generation gap and seriality between generations. The information reported in this paper was obtained from twenty inter-generational triads (ten female, six male, four mixed) who were given a series of highly structured and open ended questions by trained interviewers. The results showed significant differences in the definitions of culture given by the three generations. The most important result in analysing ‘taste cultures’ and cultural activities within trigenerational families is that within the trigenerational family there are varying relationship structures and that these are perceived differently by the different generations. This is attributed to an overall process of individualisation in society. The findings indicate that similar taste cultures and shared activities in grandparent-grandchild generations are not common and that consecutive generations resemble each other more in tastes and activities. In general, the position of the old in relation to the youngest generation can be described as remote. Grandparents are not important in the cultural life of young adult grandchildren and vice versa. On the basis of our findings, it would appear that the family is declining as a factor in the sociocultural integration of the elderly.
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Brauer, Paula, Theresa Schneider, Christine Preece, Deborah Northmore, Eva West, Linda Dietrich, and Bridget Davidson. "Promoting Healthy Lifestyles In Ontario Family Health Networks." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 67, S1 (September 2006): S39—S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/67.0.2006.s39.
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Purpose: Primary health care reform presents new opportunities for registered dietitians (RDs) to contribute to health promotion and disease prevention in family practices. Since this is an emerging area of RD practice, a health promotion specialist was contracted to conduct a needs assessment and develop a plan for implementing nutrition-focused healthy lifestyle activities. Methods: The needs assessment was conducted as part of an Ontario-based demonstration project in three Family Health Networks (FHNs). Results: The needs assessment revealed a lack of agreement about what types of activities should be undertaken, a lack of information on the population's needs, a lack of coordination with other agencies in the community, and barriers of time and resources. The health promotion specialist recommended that health care team members in each FHN develop a shared understanding of their goals, and undertake the entire planning and evaluation cycle. Specific strategies were suggested to increase awareness, to provide health education, and to improve environmental support. Conclusions: A significant need exists for conceptual development, planning, testing, and evaluation of disease prevention and health promotion in family physician-based primary health care organizations. The findings may be useful to others interested in increasing the focus on health promotion and disease prevention in such practices.
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Adefulu, Adesoga, and Van Scheers Louise. "Role of university entrepreneurship centre in developing small and family business." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 4 (2015): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i4c5p2.
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The paper examines University Entrepreneurship Centre’s role in developing small and family business. Global economic recession effect led majorly to unemployment and poverty.To revamp the economy, recovery programs were embarked upon to empower the citizenry.University Entrepreneurship Centre collaborated to empower “aspirants,” “established” and “stucked” entrepreneurs gain skill and best business practice strategy revealing university entrepreneurship Centre’s role.The methodology is qualitative and exploratory, textual in design and divided into sections.The paper identified university entrepreneurship Centre’s roles as advisory, innovation, training and synergizing campus entrepreneurship activities and concluded that the economy will geometrically grow when knowledge trapped in the university are shared with business entrepreneurs By implication,university would have effectively carried out community engagements as core mandate to mankind’s benefits.
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Jacobs, Christine, Jay A. Brieler, Joanne Salas, Renée M. Betancourt, and Peter F. Cronholm. "Integrated Behavioral Health Care in Family Medicine Residencies." Family Medicine 50, no. 5 (May 2, 2018): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2018.639260.
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Background and Objectives: Behavioral health integration (BHI) in primary care settings is critical to mental health care in the United States. Family medicine resident experience in BHI in family medicine residency (FMR) continuity clinics is essential preparation for practice. We surveyed FMR program directors to characterize the status of BHI in FMR training. Methods: Using the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) 2017 survey, FMR program directors (n=478, 261 respondents, 54.6% response rate) were queried regarding the stage of BHI within the residency family medicine center (FMC), integration activities at the FMC, and the professions of the BH faculty. BHI was characterized by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Agency (SAMHSA) designations within FMRs, and chi-square or ANOVA with Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) post hoc testing was used to assess differences in reported BHI attributes. Results: Program directors reported a high level of BHI in their FMCs (44.1% full integration, 33.7% colocated). Higher levels of BHI were associated with increased use of warm handoffs, same day consultation, shared health records, and the use of behavioral health (BH) professionals for both mental health and medical issues. Family physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists were most likely to be training residents in BHI. Conclusions: Almost half of FMR programs have colocated BH care or fully integrated BH as defined by SAMHSA. Highly integrated FMRs use a diversity of behavioral professionals and activities. Residencies currently at the collaboration stage could increase BH provider types and BHI practices to better prepare residents for practice. Residencies with full BHI may consider focusing on supporting BHI-trained residents transitioning into practice, or disseminating the model in the general primary care community.
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Sifneos, Evrydiki. "Greek Family Firms in the Azov Sea Region, 1850–1917." Business History Review 87, no. 2 (2013): 279–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680513000433.
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Greek family firms developed sustainable businesses in the Azov Sea area during the nineteenth century. Despite the discouraging conditions for entrepreneurship and the geographical constraints, they succeeded in constructing trading and shipping networks based on kinship, common historical experience, and close links with their place of origin. Medium-size firms represent the main bulk of Greek family enterprises that were located in the Azov port cities, and through their activities these contributed to the integration of the area's economy in the world market. Geographical mobility and diversification in transport services were their main responses to situations of high risk and controversy. The key to understanding their resilience and flexibility in adapting to environmental changes resided in their family culture, shared values, and social-network support that added value to their international performance.
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Mills, Whitney L., Nathan Kerr, and Kelsey Simons. "THE IMPORTANCE OF CREATING SHARED EXPECTATIONS FOLLOWING NURSING HOME DISCHARGE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2575.
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Abstract Nursing home stays often represent a time of change for residents and their social networks (e.g., family, friends, and other social supports). Nursing home residents may be experiencing exacerbations of medical conditions, changes in physical functioning, and/or cognitive impairment. These changes often preclude the resident from returning to their pre-admission level of functioning, resulting in the need for adjustments for both residents and their social network. However, nursing home staff and residents/caregivers frequently have different expectations for post-discharge functioning. This may be the result of inadequate or unclear communication on the part of nursing home staff and/or residents and caregivers being unable or unwilling to internalize the information. The lack of shared expectations can leave residents and caregivers unprepared, creating unanticipated caregiving burdens for the social network and unwanted outcomes for the resident. We conducted interviews with 14 resident/caregiver dyads who experienced care transitions from VA nursing homes to examine expected and actual functioning and activities post-discharge. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, we identified several themes including marital strain related to mismatched expectations, impact of physical changes on Veterans’ social functioning, and differences between planned and actual post-discharge activities. We will discuss the importance of clear communication about expectations throughout the nursing home stay. We will also provide suggestions for improving discharge care planning to ensure creation of shared expectations and timely communication to allow residents and their social networks to adequately prepare for nursing home discharge.
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Turner, Michelle, and Anthony Mariani. "Managing the work-family interface: experience of construction project managers." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 9, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-07-2015-0057.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the work-family experience of projects managers working in the construction industry, and identify how they manage their work-family interface. Design/methodology/approach – Structured interviews were conducted with nine construction project managers working in the commercial sector, and data were subject to thematic analysis. Findings – Role conditions were found to impact on participants’ work-family interface, identified as working hours, accountability, and the stress arising from accountability. Participants identified four key strategies used to manage their work-family interface: managing work-based stress, having a supportive partner, prioritising non-work time for family, and trading off activities. Despite having to limit time with family and trade off social and leisure activities, participants did not report negative work-to-family spillover. All participants shared a passion for their work. Findings can be explained using the heavy worker investment model, which proposes that job devotion is linked to psychological well-being, decreases in work-family conflict (WFC), and work satisfaction. Originality/value – Contrary to previous research, findings suggest that construction project managers did not experience inter-role conflict between their work and family domains. It is recommended that further research explore these findings using the heavy work investment (HWI) framework which considers how internal and external predictors shape workers’ behaviour, and whether HWI typologies moderate the experience of WFC.
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Karima, Raisa, and Farida Kurniawati. "Kegiatan Literasi Awal Orang Tua pada Anak Usia Dini." AL-ATHFAL : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ANAK 6, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/al-athfal.2020.61-06.
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This research was conducted to determine the initial literacy activities carried out by parents, family members, and caregivers at home. The research method used for this study is a systematic review that is implemented by capturing articles concerned in the research topic published between 2009–2019 through two electronic search engines, Science Direct and Sage Journals. Furthermore, article extractions were carried out to filter out articles that were relevant to the research question (n = 9) with five articles with mother-child participants, 1 article with caregiver-child participants, and three articles with mother or father-child participants. Data analysis in this study is done by narrative synthesis analysis. The results of this study show several activities, i.e., shared reading or book reading, grocery games, writing letters, spelling, drawing pictures, and writing spontaneously. The most popular activity is the shared reading or reading book, which has more impact on the type of book and parent involvement. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed in this paper.
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Gross, Judith M. S., Jeong Hoon Choi, and Grace L. Francis. "Perceptions of Family Engagement and Support in SWIFT Schools." Inclusion 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-6.1.60.
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Abstract Recent research and federal legislation highlight the importance of family engagement and support. However, meaningful and effective family engagement does not always come to fruition in public schools. Developing and maintaining relationships with families can be especially challenging in an inclusive school setting, given the difficulty of blending general and special education requirements, policies, and practices. The purpose of this research was to investigate (a) the relationship between families' perceived support in 32 schools implementing the Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation (SWIFT) framework, a product of a federally funded technical assistance center; and (b) the degree to which the SWIFT framework was implemented with fidelity in these schools. Results of multilevel modeling indicated that, with the exception of the Inclusive Policy Structure and Practice domain, SWIFT implementation significantly and positively predicted families' perceptions of parent support. This finding suggests that effective implementation of the SWIFT framework can predict parents' participation in and shared information about child progress or school activities.
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Barbour, Kim, and Lydia Heise. "Sharing #home on Instagram." Media International Australia 172, no. 1 (June 11, 2019): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x19853305.
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The term ‘home’ can mean many things. Indeed, the contested nature of the term has caused some scholars simply to dismiss it as useless. However, homes have an undeniable importance to our sense of self. They link us to current or past geographic locations that indicate national or cultural identities, allow us to display our taste and interests through consumer activity, and are places where we engage in leisure activities. Increasingly, we share the images we take in and of our homes widely with others, transcending the boundaries of the family photograph album. Through this study of images shared publicly on Instagram, we investigate the ways that people ‘visibilise’ their sense of home in order to share it with others. We can see through this data the interplays between public and private, domestic and commercial, that digital photography and applications like Instagram have brought to light.
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Festl, Ruth, and Gabriela Gniewosz. "Role of mothers’ and fathers’ Internet parenting for family climate." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 6 (May 8, 2018): 1764–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407518771753.
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Within today’s families, there is a growing relevance of children’s Internet use as an important and conflictual educational issue, especially during early and middle adolescence. The family climate can be seen as a sensor on how well families handle such Internet-related conflicts. We extended prior research by investigating the role Internet parenting plays for the perceived family climate of 952 nuclear families using a multiactor design. Moreover, we examined whether families’ educational background moderates the expected association between Internet parenting and family climate. The results confirmed that mothers and fathers with higher parenting confidence more often co-used the Internet with their child, which was found to positively influence the family climate. With regard to the education background, we found that the parental co-use of the Internet was a significant mediator, especially for middle- and lower educated fathers. Overall, the findings underline the relevance of parent–child shared Internet activities as a positive resource of family life.
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Bradley, Catherine A. "Re-workings and Chronological Dynamics in a Thirteenth-Century Latin Motet Family." Journal of Musicology 32, no. 2 (2015): 153–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2015.32.2.153.
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This article examines a family of thirteenth-century discant and motets on the tenor LATUS, tracing complex relationships between the various incarnations of its shared musical material: passages of melismatic discant in two- and three-voices, a three-voice Latin conductus motet, a two-voice Latin and French motet, and a three-voice Latin double motet. I query conventional fundamentally linear models of discant-motet interaction, emphasizing the possibility of simultaneously filial and collateral interrelationships between versions: different motet texts can influence each other, while retaining independent connections with an earlier melismatic discant model. This leads to a reevaluation of traditional evolutionary and stylistic perceptions of sub-genres defined within the category of motet. The article addresses questions of compositional process, reflecting on the types of creative and scribal activities involved in the formulation of motets.
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Song, Jaeho, Ahyoung Choi, Mihye Im, Yochan Joung, Susumu Yoshizawa, Jang-Cheon Cho, and Kazuhiro Kogure. "Aurantivirga profunda gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from deep-seawater, a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_12 (December 1, 2015): 4850–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000662.
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A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, proteorhodopsin-containing, orange, rod-shaped bacterium, designated SAORIC-234T, was isolated from deep seawater in the Pacific Ocean. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain could be affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and shared less than 94.6 % similarity with other species of the family with validly published names. The phenotypic characteristics of this novel isolate, such as growth properties and enzyme activities, could be differentiated from those of other species. The strain was non-motile, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 34.8 mol% and menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was the predominant isoprenoid quinone. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, three unknown aminolipids and three unknown lipids. On the basis of the taxonomic data collected in this study, it was concluded that strain SAORIC-234T represents a novel genus and species in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Aurantivirga profunda gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species, Aurantivirga profunda sp. nov., is SAORIC-234T ( = NBRC 110606T = KACC 18400T).
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Sugawara, Ikuko, Midori Takayama, and Yoshiko Ishioka. "Companionship With Family, Friends, and Neighbors in Later Life." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1306.
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Abstract Companionship with close others are known to have a significant positive effect on our well-being in later years of life. At the same time, it is known that the frequency of meeting and chatting with others, an indicator of companionship, declines as we age. In this study we explore the situation of companionship among older-old and oldest-old people. The focus of this study on understanding how the aging process affects the experience of companionship and how people adapt to the loss of companionship. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 43 people aged 75 and older living in urban communities in Kawasaki, Japan. Participants were asked about everyday interactions with close others and feelings they experienced at the time. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively. Chatting, going out for lunch or dinner, and going shopping were examples of activities older Japanese enjoyed with close others. Almost all respondents mentioned the loss of their old friends and siblings. They also mentioned that the decline in their physical and cognitive health, as well as that of their companions hindered shared activities they used to enjoy. They cherished positive interactions with others, although the frequency declined. Some respondents intentionally made new companions in the physical proximity, but it was hard to compensate for the loss of old companions with new one. These findings suggest that the value of companionship remains or even increase as we age. It would be important to identify environmental or social factors that may prevent the loss of companionship among older adults.
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Oliveira, Bruna Santana de, and Simone Lucena. "Youtubers mirins on the networks: children claiming their place in digital cultures." JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE SPREADING 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): e12483. http://dx.doi.org/10.20952/jrks2112483.
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The contemporary scenario gradually points out how children are occupying the virtual space. Among the busy environments, there is YouTube, where the little ones claim to listen your voices through the experiences shared on the platform, whether about games, toys, school activities, games and indication of films. Therefore, in this article, we seek to understand how children's video productions on YouTube contribute to childhood learning and protagonism. Therefore, we interviewed a young youtuber and her father/responsible Family member, in order to approach them that could assist in a deep understanding about listening to the child's perception /interlocutor in audiovisual production and access to digital technologies. Hence, the results show that the video platform has become a space for children to teach, create and learn in order to share with their peers the playful experiences of their dynamics that permeate digital.
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Rahmawati, Funi, and Satih Saidiyah. "Makna Sukses di Masa Lanjut." Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 3, no. 1 (December 27, 2016): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/psy.v3i1.783.
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Being a successful elderly is the purpose of the development stage of late elderly. The aim of study was to determine the meaning of success reflected by the elderly couple. This study used a phenomenology approach through data collection methods were interview and observation. The results showed that the meaning of success was when they have the benefit of the previous enterprises and it shared with children and grandchildren. On the other hand, success also means the happiness of the family when the family is harmonious. As a couple, they capable in maintain mutually support each other and solving problem together. The factors have affecting in elderly success namely physical healthy, activities, psychological factors, social factors, and religiosity.
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Castañeda-García, Pedro Javier, Vanesa Cruz-Santana, Fayna Hernández-Garrido, Paula Díaz-Rodríguez, and Sara Romero-González. "Which activities do great-grandparents and great-grandchildren share in family contexts? An analysis of a new intergenerational relationship." Anales de Psicología 37, no. 2 (April 25, 2021): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.355631.
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El objetivo general de este trabajo es conocer mejor el rol de bisabuelidad. Se entrevistó a un grupo de voluntarios con bisnietos (n=78) mediante un cuestionario, cuyo contenido fue pilotado previamente, con preguntas sobre sus características sociodemográficas, las actividades que solían compartir con sus bisnietos y su opinión del rol de bisabuelidad, con la satisfacción asociada. Los datos fueron registrados y analizados tanto con tablas de frecuencia y estadísticos descriptivos, como con la prueba no-paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron numerosas relaciones significativas entre las actividades compartidas y aspectos socio-demográficos de los bisabuelos como la edad (p≤ .05), el nivel educativo (p≤ .01), la salud (p≤ .05), la distancia a la que viven de sus bisnietos (p≤ .05). Además, de mostrar que perciben su rol de bisabuelidad en general como una continuidad del rol anterior de abuelidad, aunque desde una tipología intergeneracional formal, distinta a la tipología informal y, sobre todo, opuesta a la del rol sustituto/subrogado. La mayor satisfacción percibida estaba asociada a esa interacción típica del rol formal (p ≤ .01). Los bisabuelos podrían estar cumpliendo ya alguna función destacable en las familias actuales de cuatro generaciones. The main aim of this study was to find out more about the role of great-grandparenthood. A group of participants with great-grandchildren (n=78) was interviewed using a questionnaire containing questions that had been put through a previous pilot study, covering participants’ sociodemographics, the activities that participants shared with their great-grandchildren, and their view of the role of great-grandparent and their related degree of satisfaction. The data were recorded and analyzed both with frequency tables and descriptive statistics and with the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. The results showed several significant relationships between the shared activities and the sociodemographic variables, such as great-grandparents’ age (p ≤ .05), education (p ≤ .01), health status (p ≤ .05), the distance at which they live from their great-grandchildren (p ≤ .05). Also, it was found that participants generally consider the role of great-grandparent to be a continuation of their prior role as grandparent, albeit from the perspective of a formal intergenerational typology, distinct from the informal typology and, above all, opposed to the role of substitute/surrogate. Greater perceived satisfaction was associated with this typical interaction of the formal role (p ≤ .01). Great-grandparents may already be fulfilling a notable function in today’s four-generation families.
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Zarnowski, Robert, and Jon P. Woods. "Glutathione-dependent extracellular ferric reductase activities in dimorphic zoopathogenic fungi." Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27918-0.
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In this study, extracellular glutathione-dependent ferric reductase (GSH-FeR) activities in different dimorphic zoopathogenic fungal species were characterized. Supernatants from Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Sporothrix schenckii strains grown in their yeast form were able to reduce iron enzymically with glutathione as a cofactor. Some variations in the level of reduction were noted amongst the strains. This activity was stable in acidic, neutral and slightly alkaline environments and was inhibited when trivalent aluminium and gallium ions were present. Using zymography, single bands of GSH-FeRs with apparent molecular masses varying from 430 to 460 kDa were identified in all strains. The same molecular mass range was determined by size exclusion chromatography. These data demonstrate that dimorphic zoopathogenic fungi produce and secrete a family of similar GSH-FeRs that may be involved in the acquisition and utilization of iron. Siderophore production by these and other fungi has sometimes been considered to provide a full explanation of iron acquisition in these organisms. Our work reveals an additional common mechanism that may be biologically and pathogenically important. Furthermore, while some characteristics of these enzymes such as extracellular location, cofactor utilization and large size are not individually unique, when considered together and shared across a range of fungi, they represent an important novel physiological feature.
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Rogoff, Barbara, Ruth Paradise, Rebeca Mejía Arauz, Maricela Correa-Chávez, and Cathy Angelillo. "Firsthand learning through intent participation." Análise Psicológica 22, no. 1 (November 30, 2012): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.126.
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This article examines how people learn by actively observing and “listening-in” on ongoing activities as they participate in shared endeavors. Keen observationand listening-in are especially valued and used in some cultural communities in which children are part of mature community activities. This intent participation also occurs in some settings (such as early language learning in the family) in communities that routinely segregate children from the full range of adult activities. However, in the past century some industrial societies have relied on a specialized form of instruction that seems to accompany segregation of children from adult settings, in which adults “transmit” information to children. We contrast these two traditions of organizing learning in terms of their participation structure, the roles of more-and less-experienced people, distinctions in motivation and purpose, sources of learning (observation in ongoing activity versus lessons), forms of communication, and the role of assessment.
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BRÖER, Angelika, Bernd HAMPRECHT, and Stefan BRÖER. "Discrimination of two amino acid transport activities in 4F2 heavy chain- expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes." Biochemical Journal 333, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3330549.
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Expression of the type II membrane proteins of the rbAT/4F2hc family in Xenopus laevisoocytes results in the induction of amino acid transport activity. To elucidate the mechanism of action, amino acid transport was investigated in oocytes expressing the surface antigen 4F2hc. Leucine transport was mediated by a Na+-independent and a Na+-dependent transport mechanism. Both systems could be further discriminated by their stereochemical constraints. Isoleucine, with a branch at the β-position, shared only the Na+-independent transport system with leucine. Both transport systems were sensitive to inhibition by arginine, but only the Na+-independent system was sensitive to inhibition by 2-aminobicyclo[2,2,1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid. When compared with known transport systems the two transport activities could be described as similar to, but not identical with, mammalian systems b0,+ and y+L. The Na+-independent b0,+-like transport system was found both in rbAT and 4F2hc expressing oocytes, indicating that both proteins act in a similar way.
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Haberstick, Brett C., Joanna S. Zeiger, and Robin P. Corley. "Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Allocation of Adolescent Leisure Time Activities." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/805476.
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There is a growing recognition of the importance of the out-of-school activities in which adolescents choose to participate. Youth activities vary widely in terms of specific activities and in time devoted to them but can generally be grouped by the type and total duration spent per type. We collected leisure time information using a 17-item leisure time questionnaire in a large sample of same- and opposite-sex adolescent twin pairs(N=2847). Using both univariate and multivariate genetic models, we sought to determine the type and magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on the allocation of time toward different leisure times. Results indicated that both genetic and shared and nonshared environmental influences were important contributors to individual differences in physical, social, intellectual, family, and passive activities such as watching television. The magnitude of these influences differed between males and females. Environmental influences were the primary factors contributing to the covariation of different leisure time activities. Our results suggest the importance of heritable influences on the allocation of leisure time activity by adolescents and highlight the importance of environmental experiences in these choices.
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Elder, Glen H., Valarie King, and Rand D. Conger. "Intergenerational Continuity and Change in Rural Lives: Historical and Developmental Insights." International Journal of Behavioral Development 19, no. 2 (June 1996): 433–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549601900212.
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Sudden forms of drastic social change have attracted the attention of developmentalists in recent years through their compelling human consequences. Examples include economic depressions, wars, and political transformations. This study focuses on a less visible but no less profound social change and its developmental implications for children, the declining rural population. Using a sample of Iowa fathers (USA) who grew up on farms, we compared the family experience and children of men who followed either the path of farming or of nonfarm employment. Farm children experience greater social inter-dependency with other family members, and this reinforces their feeling of social significance-they mattered for others and also shared responsibility for others. As might be expected, farm youth acquired stronger attachments to their local community and family which were expressed in subsequent agricultural activities and goals. The antecedents and correlates of rural preferences begin to tell the story of rural farm continuity and change in the next generation.
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Tanaka, Minoru, Takahiko Hara, Neal G. Copeland, Debra J. Gilbert, Nancy A. Jenkins, and Atsushi Miyajima. "Reconstitution of the Functional Mouse Oncostatin M (OSM) Receptor: Molecular Cloning of the Mouse OSM Receptor β Subunit." Blood 93, no. 3 (February 1, 1999): 804–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.3.804.
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Abstract Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines that share the gp130 receptor subunit. Of these family members, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is most closely related to OSM, and various overlapping biologic activities have been described between human LIF and OSM (hLIF and hOSM). Two types of functional hOSM receptors are known: the type I OSM receptor is identical to the LIF receptor that consists of gp130 and the LIF receptor β subunit (LIFRβ), and the type II OSM receptor consists of gp130 and the OSM receptor β subunit (OSMRβ). It is thus conceivable that common biologic activities between hLIF and hOSM are mediated by the shared type I receptor and OSM-specific activities are mediated by the type II receptor. However, in contrast to the human receptors, recent studies have demonstrated that mouse OSM (mOSM) does not activate the type I receptor and exhibits unique biologic activity. To elucidate the molecular structure of the functional mOSM receptor, we cloned a cDNA encoding mOSMRβ, which is 55.5% identical to the hOSMRβ at the amino acid level. mOSM-responsive cell lines express high-affinity mOSM receptors, as well as mOSMRβ, whereas embryonic stem cells, which are responsive to LIF but not to mOSM, do not express mOSMRβ. mOSMRβ alone binds mOSM with low affinity (kd = 13.0 nmol/L) and forms a high-affinity receptor (kd = 606 pmol/L) with gp130. Ba/F3 transfectants expressing both mOSMRβ and gp130 proliferated in response to mOSM, but failed to respond to LIF and human OSM. Thus, the cloned mOSMRβ constitutes an essential and species-specific receptor component of the functional mOSM receptor. Reminiscent of the colocalization of the mOSM and mLIF genes, the mOSMRβ gene was found to be located in the vicinity of the LIFRβ locus in the proximal end of chromosome 15.
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Tanaka, Minoru, Takahiko Hara, Neal G. Copeland, Debra J. Gilbert, Nancy A. Jenkins, and Atsushi Miyajima. "Reconstitution of the Functional Mouse Oncostatin M (OSM) Receptor: Molecular Cloning of the Mouse OSM Receptor β Subunit." Blood 93, no. 3 (February 1, 1999): 804–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.3.804.403a16_804_815.
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Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines that share the gp130 receptor subunit. Of these family members, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is most closely related to OSM, and various overlapping biologic activities have been described between human LIF and OSM (hLIF and hOSM). Two types of functional hOSM receptors are known: the type I OSM receptor is identical to the LIF receptor that consists of gp130 and the LIF receptor β subunit (LIFRβ), and the type II OSM receptor consists of gp130 and the OSM receptor β subunit (OSMRβ). It is thus conceivable that common biologic activities between hLIF and hOSM are mediated by the shared type I receptor and OSM-specific activities are mediated by the type II receptor. However, in contrast to the human receptors, recent studies have demonstrated that mouse OSM (mOSM) does not activate the type I receptor and exhibits unique biologic activity. To elucidate the molecular structure of the functional mOSM receptor, we cloned a cDNA encoding mOSMRβ, which is 55.5% identical to the hOSMRβ at the amino acid level. mOSM-responsive cell lines express high-affinity mOSM receptors, as well as mOSMRβ, whereas embryonic stem cells, which are responsive to LIF but not to mOSM, do not express mOSMRβ. mOSMRβ alone binds mOSM with low affinity (kd = 13.0 nmol/L) and forms a high-affinity receptor (kd = 606 pmol/L) with gp130. Ba/F3 transfectants expressing both mOSMRβ and gp130 proliferated in response to mOSM, but failed to respond to LIF and human OSM. Thus, the cloned mOSMRβ constitutes an essential and species-specific receptor component of the functional mOSM receptor. Reminiscent of the colocalization of the mOSM and mLIF genes, the mOSMRβ gene was found to be located in the vicinity of the LIFRβ locus in the proximal end of chromosome 15.
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Ho, Wei-Min, Yah-Yuan Wu, and Yi-Chun Chen. "Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia." Genes 11, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121514.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia are the leading causes of disability and mortality. Genetic connections between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia have not been elucidated. We conducted a scoping review and pathway analysis to reveal the genetic associations underlying both CVDs and dementia. In the PubMed database, literature was searched using keywords associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and covert infarctions. Gene lists were extracted from these publications to identify shared genes and pathways for each group. This included high penetrance genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified through genome wide association studies. Most risk SNPs to both diabetes and dementia participate in the phospholipase C enzyme system and the downstream nositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol activities. Interestingly, AP-2 (TFAP2) transcription factor family and metabolism of vitamins and cofactors were associated with genetic variants that were shared by white matter hyperintensities and dementia, and by microbleeds and dementia. Variants shared by covert infarctions and dementia were related to VEGF ligand–receptor interactions and anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways. Our review sheds light on future investigations into the causative relationships behind CVDs and dementia, and can be a paradigm of the identification of dementia treatments.
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Chung, Hye-Jung, Juhong Liu, Miroslav Dundr, Zuqin Nie, Suzanne Sanford, and David Levens. "FBPs Are Calibrated Molecular Tools To Adjust Gene Expression." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 17 (September 1, 2006): 6584–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00754-06.
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ABSTRACT The three far-upstream element (FUSE) binding protein (FBP) family members have been ascribed different functions in gene regulation. They were therefore examined with various biochemical, molecular biological, and cell biological tests to evaluate whether their sequence differences reflect functional customization or neutral changes at unselected residues. Each FBP displayed a characteristic profile of intrinsic transcription activation and repression, binding with protein partners, and subcellular trafficking. Although some differences, such as weakened FBP3 nuclear localization, were predictable from primary sequence differences, the unexpected failure of FBP3 to bind the FBP-interacting repressor (FIR) was traced to seemingly conservative substitutions within a small patch of an N-terminal α-helix. The transactivation strength and the FIR-binding strength of the FBPs were in the opposite order. Despite their distinguishing features and differential activities, the FBPs traffic to shared subnuclear sites and regulate many common target genes, including c-myc. Though a variety of functions have been attributed to the FBPs, based upon their panel of shared and unique features, we propose that they constitute a molecular regulatory kit that tunes the expression of shared targets through a common mechanism.
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Binkley, Jessica, and Shahana Koslofsky. "Una Familia Unida." Clinical Case Studies 16, no. 1 (September 19, 2016): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534650116668268.
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This article describes the brief treatment of a Mexican American teenager who presented for family therapy to address major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbid binge-purge behaviors. Treatment was brief and integrated components of family-based therapy (LeGrange, 2010) and narrative therapy with an overarching multicultural lens. Progress was measured through self-report (Children’s Depression Inventory), parent-report, and concrete behavioral markers (e.g., reduced number of purging events). By the end of treatment, there was a reduction of depressive symptoms (e.g., elimination of suicidal ideation and cutting behaviors, reduction of fatigue, anhedonia, and low mood) as well as disrupted eating behaviors. By supporting the teenager and family to identify and leverage their individual and family strengths, treatment also strengthened family communication, increased shared positive family experiences (e.g., family meals), and supported the teenager in engaging in community activities consistent with the family’s values. This case adds to the existing literature by reviewing ways in which treatment was modified across multiple domains to provide culturally sensitive care, as well as by identifying weaknesses in the approach, which may serve to illuminate gaps in the existing literature and highlight areas where clinicians may want to adapt their treatment so as to strengthen client outcomes.
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Schneider, Benjamin, Frances E. Biagioli, Ryan Palmer, Peggy O'Neill, Sean C. Robinson, and Rebecca E. Cantone. "Design and Implementation of a Competency-Based Family Medicine Clerkship Curriculum." Family Medicine 51, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.539833.
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Background and Objectives: Competency-based medical education (CBME) has been incorporated into graduate medical education accreditation and is being introduced in undergraduate medical education. Family medicine (FM) faculty at one institution developed a CBME FM clerkship to intentionally maintain the integrity of FM specialty-specific teaching during their institutional CBME curricular revision. Methods: From the five FM domains (Access to Care, Continuity of Care, Comprehensive Care, Coordination of Care, and Contextual Care), 10 competencies and 23 FM educational activities (EAs) were defined. The set of EAs encompasses the wide scope of care available to FM clerkship students. Students complete four required EAs (preventive care, care transitions, chronic disease management, and acute care) and select four additional EAs matching their interests. EA selection frequency and course evaluations were assessed for the first cohort of learners (N=156; February 2016-July 2017). Results: The most frequently selected EAs were: information coordination, procedures, and care of the family. The least selected were: patient e-communication, end-of-life care, and shared medical decision making. Student perceptions of the experience were strong prior to and after implementation. Conclusions: Having both required and selective EAs ensures a robust FM experience tailored to students’ interests. The FM CBME curriculum allowed comparable clinical experiences despite variations in clinical sites and preceptor scope. Because of its breadth, FM is uniquely suited to address multiple competencies; this demonstrates the educational value of required FM clerkships to institutional leaders interested in implementing CBME curriculum. The CBME framework can provide a structure for more intentional student-clinic assignments based on EAs available at specific sites.
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Santini, Sara, Valentina Tombolesi, Barbara Baschiera, and Giovanni Lamura. "Intergenerational Programs Involving Adolescents, Institutionalized Elderly, and Older Volunteers: Results from a Pilot Research-Action in Italy." BioMed Research International 2018 (December 5, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4360305.
Full textAbstract:
Changes in traditional family structures, public policy arrangements, and new family care patterns are reducing opportunities for interaction between younger and older people in Europe and in Italy, especially when the latter live in residential care facilities. This may bolster age-related stereotypes in both generations and end up with affecting older people’s self-confidence, devaluing their emotional and relational capabilities. “Let’s Re-Generate” is a pilot research-action project—based on an intergenerational program carried out in a nursing home in Central Italy—which aimed at prompting institutionalized older people and adolescents in the community to enhance intergenerational ties through various shared activities. Results from focus groups with 25 teenagers and in-depth interviews with 16 older residents and 16 older volunteers provide an in-depth insight on the positive impact of intergenerational programs, which foster the interaction between different ages, help overcome age-related stereotypes, and improve older people’s mental well-being and older volunteers’ generativity. The main recommendation emerging from this study is that intergenerational activities should be integrated in the daily routine of nursing homes, acting as useful tools for fostering older residents’ capability of reacting to dependency and social isolation.