Academic literature on the topic 'Shark fin'

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Journal articles on the topic "Shark fin"

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Van Houtan, Kyle S., Tyler O. Gagné, Gabriel Reygondeau, Kisei R. Tanaka, Stephen R. Palumbi, and Salvador J. Jorgensen. "Coastal sharks supply the global shark fin trade." Biology Letters 16, no. 10 (October 2020): 20200609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0609.

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Progress in global shark conservation has been limited by constraints to understanding the species composition and geographic origins of the shark fin trade. Previous assessments that relied on earlier genetic techniques and official trade records focused on abundant pelagic species traded between Europe and Asia. Here, we combine recent advances in DNA barcoding and species distribution modelling to identify the species and source the geographic origin of fins sold at market. Derived models of species environmental niches indicated that shark fishing effort is concentrated within Exclusive Economic Zones, mostly in coastal Australia, Indonesia, the United States, Brazil, Mexico and Japan. By coupling two distinct tools, barcoding and niche modelling, our results provide new insights for monitoring and enforcement. They suggest stronger local controls of coastal fishing may help regulate the unsustainable global trade in shark fins.
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Yusrina, Firda. "DAMPAK PENGOLAHAN DAN KONSUMSI SUP SIRIP IKAN HIU." Journal of Food Technology and Agroindustry 1, no. 2 (October 22, 2019): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24929/jfta.v1i2.748.

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Indonesia is an archipelagic country that consist of 2/3 ocean and 1/3 land. The extensive territorial ocean is certainly have a lot of diversity of marine existence. One of them is shark. There are 25 kinds of sharks in indonesian’s oncean. Lately sharks have become one of the topics discussed in fisheries institutions and fauna activists, due to the increasing activity of hunting shark. Shark finning is cutting off a shark’s fin and throwing the rest of the still-living body, often by dumping it back into the ocean.The body’s sharks without fins are often thrown back into the ocean alive, where they are die because unable to swim properly and bleeding profusely or die of blood loss. Shark fins are tempting targets for fishermen because they have high monetary and cultural value. Fins are used in a popular dish called shark fin soup, which is a symbol of status. This review will provide a description of definition of shark finning, shark fin soup, dengerous delicacy for humans and sharks alike and aim to protect Indonesia is an archipelagic country that consist of 2/3 ocean and 1/3 land. The extensive territorial ocean is certainly have a lot of diversity of marine existence. One of them is shark. There are 25 kinds of sharks in indonesian’s oncean. Lately sharks have become one of the topics discussed in fisheries institutions and fauna activists, due to the increasing activity of hunting shark. Shark finning is cutting off a shark’s fin and throwing the rest of the still-living body, often by dumping it back into the ocean.The body’s sharks without fins are often thrown back into the ocean alive, where they are die because unable to swim properly and bleeding profusely or die of blood loss. Shark fins are tempting targets for fishermen because they have high monetary and cultural value. Fins are used in a popular dish called shark fin soup, which is a symbol of status. This review will provide a description of definition of shark finning, shark fin soup, dengerous delicacy for humans and sharks alike and aim to protect shark population. Keyword : Indonesian’s ocean ; Save our shark ; Shark Finning ; Shark fin soup. shark population.
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Liu, John Chung-En, Brandon Gertz, and Naomi Newman. "Shark Fin Regulations in the United States: Animal Welfare, Cultural, and Policy Considerations." Case Studies in the Environment 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2018.001438.

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Sharks play critical roles in the marine ecosystem, and they face serious threats due to overfishing. Conservation efforts have focused on the consumption of shark fins, especially the “finning” practice that removes the fins of a shark and discards the carcass at sea. This article reviews the shark fin legislation in the United States, including the “finning ban” which outlaws finning practices and the “fin ban” that prohibits the use of shark fins entirely. Our case study specifically focuses on the animal welfare, cultural, and policy debates surrounding these bans. We discuss how and why shark finning is regarded as a cruel practice and whether shark fin bans discriminate against Chinese Americans. At the policy level, there is an ongoing policy debate whether a ban on shark fins in the United States would lead to increased protection of sharks or it would have little effect on the global trade. Due to the lack of detailed information on shark fisheries, the policy discussion is likely to persist. Although this case study focuses only on regulations on shark fins, we would like to emphasize that shark fin industry is not the only threat to sharks. Conservationists also need to consider other issues such as bycatch, habitat destruction, and a wider array of policy tools to protect sharks.
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Oktaviyani, Selvia, Wanwan Kurniawan, and Fahmi. "Fin Length and Total Length Relationships of Silky Shark Carcharhinus falciformis Landed at Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Port, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 147 (2020): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014702011.

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Shark fins are a very valuable product for international trade. This study aims to obtain the equations describing the relationship between fin length and the total length of silky shark. Using the total length at sexual maturity (Lm), the equation is then used to estimate the fin length associated with this Lm, which can then be included in the recommendation for international shark fin trades. Data collection was carried out from March 2018 to February 2019 at Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Port, West Nusa Tenggara. All data were collected from 2,837 individuals of silky sharks, consisting of 1,416 females and 1,421 males. The total length of silky shark ranges from 61 to 282 cm for females and 18-283 cm for males. The relationships of first dorsal fin length and total length is DFL=2.0151+0.1243 TL (both sexes). Furthermore, the relationships of pectoral fin length and total length were found to be PFL=-8.0098+0.2127 TL (both sexes). The first dorsal fin length and pectoral fin length at the time the silky shark sexually matures were 23 cm and 35 cm, respectively. This fin-total length relationship can be used by the fisheries authority to determine the allowed minimum size of silky shark fins for export.
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Stein, Alexander J. "Shark-fin landing policy aids control." Nature 533, no. 7604 (May 2016): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/533469e.

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Smith, Kirby R., Carol Scarpaci, Brett M. Louden, and Nicholas M. Otway. "Does the grey nurse shark (Carcharias taurus) exhibit agonistic pectoral fin depression? A stereo-video photogrammetric assessment off eastern Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 22, no. 1 (2016): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc15024.

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Underwater stereo-video photogrammetry was used to document the pectoral fin positions of various life-history stages of the critically endangered east Australian population of the grey nurse shark (Carcharias taurus) during normal swimming behaviour at multiple aggregation sites. A wide range in pectoral fin positions was recorded with dihedral pectoral fin angles ranging from –25 to 88°. Pectoral fin angles varied significantly among sites and this was attributed to the differing navigational and energetic requirements of the sharks. There was no significant relationship between pectoral fin angles and distances separating the shark and scuba diver. The wide range in pectoral fin angles, interactive use of the fins during swimming, low-energy behaviours of the sharks at aggregation sites and absence of ‘fight’ response agonistic behaviour indicated that the species does not exhibit agonistic pectoral fin depression. Reports of agonistic pectoral fin depression in the grey nurse shark obtained with visual estimates should be treated as preliminary observations requiring further testing using accurate sampling methods such as stereo photogrammetry. It is important that diver compliance with existing management guidelines that prohibit divers from chasing or harassing grey nurse sharks and blocking cave and gutter entrances is maintained.
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Ahnelt, Harald, Michael Sauberer, David Ramler, Laura Koch, and Claudia Pogoreutz. "Negative allometric growth during ontogeny in the large pelagic filter-feeding basking shark." Zoomorphology 139, no. 1 (October 5, 2019): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-019-00464-2.

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Abstract Many pelagic shark species change body and fin shape isometrically or by positive allometry during ontogeny. But some large apex predators such as the white shark Carcharodon carcharias or the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier show distinct negative allometry, especially in traits related to feeding (head) or propulsion (caudal fin). In particular, changes in propulsion are attributed to a shift in swimming mode. The more heterocercal caudal fin of younger individuals with its large caudal fin span seemingly aids in hunting small, agile prey. In contrast, the less heterocercal caudal fin with a larger fin area in larger individuals aids a long-distance slow swimming mode. We were interested if negative allometric effects can be observed in a planktivorous shark, the basking shark Cetorhinus maximus, a large species adapted to long-distance slow swimming. To address this question, we compared three size classes, specifically < 260 cm (juveniles), 299–490 cm (subadults), and from adults > 541 cm total length. Comparing literature data, we found negative allometric growth of the head and of the caudal fin, but a more rapid decrease of relative caudal fin size than of relative head length. Hereby, we provide the first evidence for early negative allometric growth of the caudal fin in a large pelagic filter-feeding shark. Our study further demonstrates that ecomorphological approaches may add valuable insight into the life history of animals that are challenging to study in their natural habitat, including large roving sharks such as the basking shark.
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Shiffman, D. S., and R. E. Hueter. "A United States shark fin ban would undermine sustainable shark fisheries." Marine Policy 85 (November 2017): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.08.026.

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Nalluri, Deepthi, Zofia Baumann, Debra L. Abercrombie, Demian D. Chapman, Chad R. Hammerschmidt, and Nicholas S. Fisher. "Methylmercury in dried shark fins and shark fin soup from American restaurants." Science of The Total Environment 496 (October 2014): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.107.

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Nijman, Vincent. "Targeted shark fisheries, DNA barcoding and regulating shark fin trade in Indonesia." Fisheries Research 168 (August 2015): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.03.016.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shark fin"

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Morris, Alexandra H. "Preying on the predator : the shark fin controversy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92635.

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Thesis: S.M. in Science Writing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Humanities, Graduate Program in Science Writing, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 23-25).
The consumption of shark fin soup dates back to the Ming Dynasty in China, when it was served to emperors. Today, the cultural delicacy represents wealth, status, and power. Over the past 30 years, with the rising middle class in China, the demand for shark fins has surged. To address the increasing demand, a group of fishermen came to realize there was little value in carting massive shark bodies to shore when all they needed were the highly valued fins. So they sliced off the fins, and threw the still living, rudderless sharks to die in the open ocean. So began the gruesome practice known as "shark finning." Shark populations have been unable to withstand the demand for their fins, and dozens of species are now threatened or endangered. From enhancing legislation to control the shark fin market to building sustainable fisheries to promoting synthetic shark fin soup - efforts to address the issue of shark depletion are seemingly endless. And yet despite these efforts, both the market for shark fins and global catch rates have continued unabated. If the demand for fins and the practice of shark finning continue at the current rate, human interference may forever change the nature of our oceans.
by Alexandra H. Morris.
S.M. in Science Writing
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Biery, Leah Elisabeth. "Using shark catch data to estimate the magnitude and global distribution of the shark fin trade." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43285.

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China’s economic growth in recent years has led to a rapid increase in shark fin soup consumption, fueling the demand for shark fins and encouraging fishers worldwide to engage in shark finning. Such practices have led to the overfishing and biomass decline of numerous shark species. Globally, shark catches are poorly reported both quantitatively and taxonomically, and legislation to protect sharks is insufficient. Additionally, data on the international trade of shark fins and other shark products are sparse and, when available, lack descriptive details, making effective shark fishery management challenging. In this thesis, shark-related legislation is reviewed on a global scale, and the legitimacy of the 5% wet fin to body weight ratio commonly specified in legislation is examined through an analysis of 50 species-specific wet fin to body weight ratios. Official FAO shark catch statistics were supplemented with outside information, and Best Catch Estimates (BCEs) of mean yearly shark catches were calculated for each EEZ between the years 2000 and 2009. Missing values for EEZs and the High Seas were estimated. Appropriate conversion factors were applied to BCEs to estimate the total weight of dry fins traded yearly. Results indicate that both legislation and official FAO shark catch statistics are inadequate and improved regulation, data collection, and monitoring of shark fisheries is necessary on a global scale.
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Huang, Katie. "Soup, Fins, and Exploitation: An Analysis of the Current State of Shark Finning." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/506.

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Despite being one of the most recognizable sea creatures in the world, sharks remain widely misunderstood by the public. Media coverage often sensationalizes them as dangerous creatures, when in reality, humans pose a much more significant threat to sharks than vice versa. Over the past few decades, overfishing has decimated populations worldwide as demand increases for byproducts such as meat, cartilage, and fins in particular, a crucial ingredient in the Chinese delicacy of shark fin soup. Finning, a particularly inefficient practice that promotes overfishing and waste, occurs when fishers cut off fins at sea and throw carcasses overboard. As sharks play an important role in marine ecosystems as apex predators and are slow to reproduce, increased attention to shark conservation is urgently needed. Although there have been attempts by international organizations such as the United Nations and by individual countries, current legislation has proven to be inadequate in combating shark exploitation. Though public awareness is on the rise thanks to increased media coverage and environmental advocacy, sharks still need greater protection in the face of overharvest and stock depletion. This thesis details the current state of shark exploitation, including shark biology, public perceptions of sharks, and current levels of shark finning, as well as the economics behind the trade. It also analyzes previous actions taken both at the international and national levels. Finally, it recommends further actions to be undertaken in order to preserve declining shark populations and keep them from extinction.
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Horn, Rebekah L. "Applying a Molecular Genetics Approach to Shark Conservation and Management: Assessment of DNA Barcoding in Hammerhead Sharks and Global Population Genetic Structuring in the Gray Reef Shark, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos." NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/218.

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Chapter 1 DNA barcoding based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence is emerging as a useful tool for identifying unknown, whole or partial organisms to species level. However, the application of only a single mitochondrial marker for robust species identification has also come under some criticism due to the possibility of erroneous identifications resulting from species hybridizations and/or the potential presence of nuclear-mitochondrial psuedogenes. The addition of a complementary nuclear DNA barcode has therefore been widely recommended to overcome these potential COI gene limitations, especially in wildlife law enforcement applications where greater confidence in the identifications is essential. In this study, we examined the comparative nucleotide sequence divergence and utility of the mitochondrial COI gene (N=182 animals) and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) locus (N=190 animals) in the 8 known and 1 proposed cryptic species of globally widespread, hammerhead sharks (family Sphyrnidae). Since hammerhead sharks are under intense fishing pressure for their valuable fins with some species potentially set to receive CITES listing, tools for monitoring their fishery landings and tracking trade in their body parts is necessary to achieve effective management and conservation outcomes. Our results demonstrate that both COI and ITS2 loci function robustly as stand-alone barcodes for hammerhead shark species identification. Phylogenetic analyses of both loci independently and together accurately place each hammerhead species together in reciprocally monophyletic groups with strong bootstrap support. The two barcodes differed notably in levels of intraspecific divergence, with average intraspecific K2P distance an order of magnitude lower in the ITS2 (0.297% for COI and 0.0967% for ITS2). The COI barcode also showed phylogeographic separation in Sphyrna zygaena, S. lewini and S. tiburo, potentially providing a useful option for assigning unknown specimens (e.g. market fins) to a broad geographic origin. We suggest that COI supplemented by ITS2 DNA barcoding can be used in an integrated and robust approach for species assignment of unknown hammerhead sharks and their body parts in fisheries and international trade. Chapter 2 The gray reef shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) is an Indo-Pacific, coral reef associated species that likely plays an important role as apex predator in maintaining the integrity of coral reef ecosystems. Populations of this shark have declined substantially in some parts of its range due to over-fishing, with recent estimates suggesting a 17% decline per year on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Currently, there is no information on the population structure or genetic status of gray reef sharks to aid in their management and conservation. We assessed the genetic population structure and genetic diversity of this species by using complete mitochondrial control region sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite markers. Gray reef shark samples (n=305) were obtained from 10 locations across the species’ known longitudinal Indo-Pacific range: western Indian Ocean (Madagascar), eastern Indian Ocean (Cocos [Keeling] Islands, Andaman Sea, Indonesia, and western Australia), central Pacific (Hawaii, Palmyra Atoll, and Fanning Atoll), and southwestern Pacific (eastern Australia – Great Barrier Reef). The mitochondrial and nuclear marker data were concordant in most cases with population-based analysis showing significant overall structure (FST = 0.27906 (pST = 0.071 ± 0.02), and significant pairwise genetic differentiation between nearly all of the putative populations sampled (i.e., 9 of the 10 for mitochondrial and 8 of the 10 for nuclear markers). Individual-based analysis of microsatellite genotypes identified at least 5 populations. The concordant mitochondrial and nuclear marker results are consistent with a scenario of very low to no appreciable connectivity (gene flow) among most of the sampled locations, suggesting that natural repopulation of overfished regions by sharks from distant reefs is unlikely. The results also indicate that conservation of genetic diversity in gray reef sharks will require management measures on relatively local scales. Our findings of extensive genetic structuring suggests that a high level of genetic isolation is also likely to be the case in unsampled populations of this species.
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Bruno, Carlos Eduardo Malavasi. "Análise morfológica da nadadeira do tubarão-azul, Prionace glauca, Linnaeus, 1758 (Carcharhiniformes: Elasmobranchii)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-11062013-094219/.

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Tubarões e Raias pertencem à classe dos Chondrichthyes, por serem animais que possuem esqueleto cartilaginoso. O Tubarão-azul (Prionace glauca), popularmente conhecido como \"cação-azul\" dentre todas as espécies de tubarão é a mais abundante no ambiente marinho, podendo ser encontrado em toda a parte do mundo. O estudo teve como objetivo estudar a morfologia das nadadeiras do tubarão-azul (Prionace glauca) e os efeitos sobre células tumorais \"in vitro . Os resultados foram obtidos através da microscopia de luz e Citometria de fluxo. Com os caracteres encontrados na analise macroscópica foi possível identificar as nadadeiras obtidas como sendo do Tubarão-azul (Prionace glauca). A histologia da cartilagem da nadadeira do Tubarãoazul, demonstrou que é formada de cartilagem hialina, apresentando três regiões distintas, sendo no seu interior formado por condrócitos, na periferia de cartilagem calcificada e nas bordas formada por pericôndrio com a presença de colágeno tipo I,II e III. Os resultados obtidos das amostras do Elemento Radial não evidenciam alterações funcionais, quanto ao armazenamento, transporte e obtenção do suprimento celular, estes são viáveis e satisfatórios. O composto da cartilagem de tubarão para o tratamento de tumor \"in vitro\" neste estudo sugeriu que o mesmo apresenta uma atividade anti-tumoral significativa. Mostrou efeito tóxico sobre os tumores de mama murina (TAE) e tumor de mama canino (TMC) em baixas concentrações, não apresentando efeito tóxico nas células de fibroblasto nas mesmas concentrações.
Sharks and rays belong to the Chondrichthyes Class, once they have cartilaginous skeleton. The blue shark (Prionaceglauca), popularly known as \"blue-cation\", among all shark species is the most abundant in the marine environment and can be found everywhere in the world. This study aimed to study the fin morphology in the blue shark (Prionaceglauca) and its effects on \"in vitro\" tumor cells. The results were obtained using light microscopy and flow cytometry. Using the gross morphology we confirm that the fins belonged to the blue shark (Prionaceglauca). The fin cartilage of the blue shark was formed of hyaline cartilage. It showed three distinct regions with chondrocytes inside, calcified cartilage in the periphery, and perichondrium with collagen type I, II and III in the margins. The results obtained from the Radial Element not showed functional changes as storage, transport and cellular supplies obtaining, they were feasible and satisfactory. The use of shark cartilage compound for the treatment of \"in vitro\" tumor cells suggested that it showed a significant anti-tumor activity. It showed a toxic effect on murine breast tumors (MBT) and canine breast tumor (CBT) at low concentrations, with no significant toxic effect on fibroblast cells using the same concentrations.
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De, la Puente Jeri Santiago. "Characterizing the knowledge and attitudes towards sharks and the domestic use of shark meat and fins in Peru." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63144.

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Shark populations show evidence of declines at a global scale. Knowledge of the socio-economic consequences of changes in their abundance is limited. Furthermore, research on the status of peoples’ knowledge and attitudes towards sharks and how these affect their values, behaviours and actions is lagging behind the pursuit of biological and ecological concerns. Framed within Peru’s National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks, Rays and Chimeras, the present study sought to: (1) characterize coastal Peruvian’s general knowledge and attitudes towards sharks and shark meat consumption; (2) describe the domestic market and trade flows of shark commodities; (3) estimate the apparent consumption of shark meat and fins in Peru; and (4) reconstruct the catches required to maintain the estimated local levels of shark consumption. Using data from over 2000 surveys provided by OCEANA Peru, I determined that a limited proportion of the Peruvian coastal population was aware of sharks’ presence in the country’s waters, and of these, only a minor subset was capable of naming shark species found locally. Furthermore, Peruvians have very negative attitudes towards sharks, driven by fear and prevalent misconceptions regarding their feeding habits and behaviour, which are reinforced by mass media. Using public data, provided by various organizations within the Peruvian government, I determined that shark meat consumption in Peru is high and growing, although its contribution to national food security remains low. Nonetheless, most shark meat consumers are not aware that they are eating sharks due to deceptive advertising. Improvements on seafood traceability have only been observed on exports, as data associated with landings, local markets and imports remains highly aggregated. Moreover, official statistics severely underestimate the catches required to maintain the Peruvian supply (by 39%) and demand (by 85%) of shark products. These findings can be used to inform the design of communications campaigns and government policies seeking to: (i) improve people’s knowledge and attitudes towards sharks in Peru, (ii) increase seafood traceability, (iii) protect seafood consumers, and (iv) advance towards the incorporation of these dimensions in the quantitative evaluation of policy outcomes for achieving sustainable shark fisheries.
Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Clarke, Shelley Catherine. "Quantification of the trade in shark fins." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408811.

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Gray, Teagen K. "Global Population Structure of the Dusky Shark and Geographic Sourcing of Shark Fins from Commercial Markets." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/53.

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The dusky shark, Carcharinus obscurus, is a globally distributed, coastal-pelagic species subject to an apparent high level of exploitation. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists this species as “Vulnerable” globally, and “Endangered” within western North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico waters due to an over 80% decline in this region, with no evidence of population recovery. The extensive exploitation of dusky sharks may partly be attributed to the high market value of its fins, but the contribution of individual dusky shark stocks to the fin markets is unknown. This knowledge would be helpful to detect if specific stocks are experiencing disproportionate levels of exploitation. Due to its susceptibility to overfishing, current dire conservation status and need for additional information on its population dynamics, we analyzed the genetic population structure and genetic diversity of the dusky shark (n = 415) across 8 globally distributed locations utilizing 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. The nuclear marker analyses support and extend previously published mitochondrial marker work, identifying a strong divergence among Atlantic and Indo-Pacific samples. Furthermore, nuclear marker results indicate the presence of six genetically discrete management units for dusky sharks, with significant genetic differentiation between the western North Atlantic, South African, and each of three Australian site collections (N, E and W coasts). Discovery of these nuclear microsatellite-defined, smaller geographic scale management units provides a basis for the assignment of market-derived fins to their population of origin with the use of genetic assignment techniques.
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Koide, S. "The effects of junction modifications on sharp-fin-induced glancing shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260476.

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Leung, Chak-cheong. "Trace metals in sharks' fins : potential health consequences for consumers /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39602230.

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Books on the topic "Shark fin"

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illustrator, Numberman Neil, ed. Flip & Fin: Super sharks to the rescue! New York, NY: Greenwillow Books, an imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers, 2016.

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illustrator, Swift Gary, ed. Finn flips. New York: Scholastic Inc., 2014.

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Ṭavānah, Dilshād. Fīrozuddīn Sharf: Ḥayātī, fikr te fan. Lāhaur: Pākistān Panjābī Adabī Borḍ, 2008.

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Sharks on my fin tips: A wild woman's adventures with nature. Asheville, N.C: Grateful Steps, 2008.

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The digital shoebox: How to organize, find, and share your photos. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 2010.

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Williams, Sarah Bay. The digital shoebox: How to organize, find, and share your photos. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 2010.

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Williams, Sarah Bay. The digital shoebox: How to organize, find, and share your photos. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 2010.

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Friendship bracelets 101: Fun to Make! Fun to Wear! Fun to Share! Dept. C-1, 2425 Cullen Street Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA: Design Originals - Can Do Crafts, 2001.

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Sharp, Dorothea. John Davies presents two fine examples of the work of Dorothea Sharp. Stow-on-the-Wold: John Davies Gallery, 1986.

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Riben gu fen zhi bian ge yan jiu: A study on shars-hoiding [sic] system reform in Japan. Shenyang Shi: Liaoning da xue chu ban she, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Shark fin"

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Jayasinghe, Chamila. "Shark Fin Cartilage: Uses, Extraction and Composition Analysis." In Marine Proteins and Peptides, 523–31. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118375082.ch27.

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Sano, Yoh. "Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Studies of Proteoglycan from Shark Fin Cartilage." In Food Hydrocolloids, 241–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2486-1_35.

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Sano, Y. "Structure and Surface Properties of Proteoglycan Complex From Shark Fin Cartilage by Neutron, X-ray and Laser Light Scattering Methods." In Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules, 453–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0371-8_208.

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Ingster, Yu I., and Irina A. Suslina. "Sharp Asymptotics. I." In Nonparametric Goodness-of-Fit Testing Under Gaussian Models, 136–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21580-8_4.

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Ingster, Yu I., and Irina A. Suslina. "Sharp Asymptotics. II." In Nonparametric Goodness-of-Fit Testing Under Gaussian Models, 185–230. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21580-8_5.

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Song, J. W., J. J. Yi, M. S. Yu, H. H. Cho, K. Y. Hwnag, and J. C. Bae. "Experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristic in supersonic flow field on a sharp fin shape." In Shock Waves, 1243–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85181-3_72.

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Galli, Luca, Renata Guarneri, and Jukka Huhtamaki. "VERTIGO: Find, Enjoy and Share Media Trails across Physical and Social Contexts." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 64–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11532-5_8.

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Hollander, Amanda. "Oscar Wilde, Evelyn Sharp, and the Politics of Dress and Decoration in the Fin-de-Siècle Fairy Tale." In Oscar Wilde and the Cultures of Childhood, 119–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60411-4_5.

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Knight, Doyle D. "Calculation of 3-D Shock Wave-Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions Generated by Sharp Fins." In Separated Flows and Jets, 263–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84447-8_37.

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Tartaglione, Enzo, Andrea Bragagnolo, and Marco Grangetto. "Pruning Artificial Neural Networks: A Way to Find Well-Generalizing, High-Entropy Sharp Minima." In Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2020, 67–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61616-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Shark fin"

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Noble, Husein, Shrey Kulkarni, Kartik Sunil, and Prasad Pokkunuri. "Laminar and Turbulent Boundary Layers on a Shark Fin." In The 5th World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer. Avestia Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/enfht20.201.

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Demien, C., and R. Sarkis. "Design of Shark Fin Integrated Antenna Systems for Automotive Applications." In 2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers-spring46901.2019.9017479.

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Chen, Chen, Hao Gan, Hong-Li Peng, Cheng Peng, Guang-Hui Xu, and Jun-Fa Mao. "High Performance V2X Antennas Designed in Integrated Shark-fin Environment." In 2020 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmmt49418.2020.9386534.

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Aghbali, Behnam, and Aghil Yousefi-Koma. "Design and Fuzzy Control of the Shark Robot-Fish Dorsal Fin Using SMA." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24209.

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This contribution presents the experimental investigations on design and fabrication of the dorsal fin of the shark robot-fish mechanism which is controlled using NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators by a Fuzzy controller. The dorsal fin helps the shark not only to turn around, but also it helps shark to roll. This fin contains two main parts, a rigid part; is connected to the shark’s body and another part is mounted on the latter one which can be rotated. The rotation angle of the second part is controlled by two parallel SMA wires. The subtlety of this installation is the tension of the right wire, when the left one is actuated. In addition, a fuzzy controller was determined by considering the characteristics of the SMA wires and designated mechanism which has hysteresis response characteristics against heating and cooling.
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Hughes, Benjamin, and Tilo Burghardt. "Affinity Matting for Pixel-accurate Fin Shape Recovery from Great White Shark Imagery." In Machine Vision of Animals and their Behaviour Workshop 2015. British Machine Vision Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5244/c.29.mvab.8.

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Liou, Chong-Yi, and Shau-Gang Mao. "Miniaturized shark-fin rooftop antenna with integrated DSRC communication module for connected vehicles." In 2017 XXXIInd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursigass.2017.8105291.

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Sarwar, Sabah Mahjabeen, Md Fahim F. Chowdhury, and Himadry Shekhar Das. "A Dual Band Shark Fin Integrated Vehicle Antenna For 5G and Wi-Max Applications." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictp48844.2019.9041812.

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Ghafari, Elias, Andreas Fuchs, Diana Eblenkamp, and Daniel N. Aloi. "A vehicular rooftop, shark-fin, multiband antenna for the GPS/LTE/cellular/DSRC systems." In 2014 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apwc.2014.6905546.

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Liu, Geng, and Haibo Dong. "Effects of Tail Geometries on the Performance and Wake Pattern in Flapping Propulsion." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7691.

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Swimming fishes exhibit remarkable diversities of the caudal fin geometries. In this work, a computational study is conducted to investigate the effects of the caudal fin shape on the hydrodynamic performance and wake patterns in flapping propulsion. We construct the propulsor models in different shapes by digitizing the real caudal fins of fish across a wide range of species spanning homocercal tails with low aspect ratio (square shape used by bluegill sunfish, rainbow trout, etc.) or high aspect ratio (lunate shape adopted by tuna, swordfish, etc.), and even heterocercal caudal fin adopted by sharks. Those fin models perform the same flapping motion in a uniform flow to mimic fish’s forward swimming. We then simulate the flow around the flapping fins by an in-house immersed-boundary-method based flow solver. According to the analysis of the hydrodynamic performance, we have found that the lunate shape model (high aspect-ratio) always generates a larger thrust compared to other models. The comparison of the propulsive efficiency shows that the large aspect ratio fins (tuna and shark) have a higher efficiency when the Strouhal number (St) is in the range of steady swimming (0.2<St<0.4), while the lower aspect ratio caudal fins (catfish, trout, etc.) are more efficient when St>0.4, in which the fish is accelerating or maneuvering. Finally, the 3D wake patterns of those propulsors are analyzed in detail.
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Aghdam, Sajjad Abazari, Mahdi Nouri, and Farbod Setoudeh. "Millimiterwave (5G) Broadband Compact Slot Antenna for the Automotive Shark-fin Mobile and 5G Mobile Communications." In 2018 18th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/antem.2018.8573000.

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Reports on the topic "Shark fin"

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Keinan, Ehud. The 18th Asian Chemical Congress and the 20th General Assembly of the FACS. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00015.

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Most global challenges, including global warming, food for everybody, the race for sustainable energy, water quality, dwindling raw materials, and health problems, are chemical problems by nature. Therefore, Humankind cannot meet these challenges without the chemical sciences and will not solve any of these problems without global cooperation. Chemists have always been doing much better than politicians in meeting these challenges, working together across borders through unique collaboration and friendship. Despite fundamentally different political systems and cultural diversity, chemists go beyond borders, find each other, share their findings, and solve problems together.
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Habyarimana, James, Ken Ochieng' Opalo, and Youdi Schipper. The Cyclical Electoral Impacts of Programmatic Policies: Evidence from Education Reforms in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/051.

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A large literature documents the electoral benefits of clientelistic and programmatic policies in low-income states. We extend this literature by showing the cyclical electoral responses to a large programmatic intervention to expand access to secondary education in Tanzania over multiple electoral periods. Using a difference-indifference approach, we find that the incumbent party's vote share increased by 2 percentage points in the election following the policy's announcement as a campaign promise (2005), but decreased by -1.4 percentage points in the election following implementation (2010). We find no discernible electoral impact of the policy in 2015, two electoral cycles later. We attribute the electoral penalty in 2010 to how the secondary school expansion policy was implemented. Our findings shed light on the temporally-contingent electoral impacts of programmatic policies, and highlight the need for more research on how policy implementation structures public opinion and vote choice in low-income states.
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Foltz, Stuart, and Daniel Hooks. Lock operation improvements. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40402.

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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) owns or operates 236 locks at 191 sites (HQUSACE 2016). Although the locks at these sites generally perform reliably, more than half of these structures have surpassed their 50-year economic design life and as such, there are increasing concerns about their continued safe, reliable operation. This work was undertaken to review lock operating equipment, maintenance practices, records pertaining to accidents and equipment failures, and lighting systems; to identify alternative improvements to equipment and equipment maintenance practices; and to analyze and compare those alternatives to determine and recommend optimal solutions. This report documents some lessons learned, primarily to share information that others might find useful. Note that the recommendations in this report should not be viewed as policy, although some might be considered by those creating policy.
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Perez-Vincent, Santiago M., Ernesto Schargrodsky, and Mauricio García Mejía. Crime under Lockdown: The Impact of COVID-19 on Citizen Security in the City of Buenos Aires. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003431.

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This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown on criminal activity in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We find a large, significant, robust, and immediate decline in crime following quarantine restrictions. We observe the effect on property crime reported to official agencies, police arrests, and crime reported in victimization surveys, but not in homicides. The decrease in criminal activity was greater in business and transportation areas, but still large in commercial and residential areas (including informal settlements). After the sharp and immediate fall, crime recovered but, as of November 2020, it did not reach its initial levels. The arrest data additionally allow us to measure the distance from the detainees address to the crime location. Crime became more local as mobility was restricted.
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Beverinotti, Javier, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, María Cecilia Deza, and Lyliana Gayoso de Ervin. The Effects of Management Practices on Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003505.

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This paper examines the effects of management practices on effective tax rates (ETR) in a sample of medium and large manufacturing firms in Ecuador. We use a novel data set on management practice scores matched with administrative tax data from the Superintendence of Companies and the Internal Revenue Services of Ecuador based on firms' tax filings. We find that better management practices are positively associated with effective tax rates, defined as the share of tax obligations to profits. This result is robust under various specifications controlling for different covariates, and to different measures of effective tax rates. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the use of fiscal incentives is positively associated with higher effective tax rates. However, firms that use fiscal incentives are able to fatten or reduce their effective tax rates as management practices improved. Overall, our findings suggest that government-sponsored policies that seek to promote better management practices may be self-sustained, if the additional tax revenue expected from better management practices through higher profits is able to cover the cost of the programs.
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Álvarez, Carola, Leonardo Corral, Ana Cuesta, José Martínez, César Montiel, and Consuelo Yépez. Project Completion Report Analysis: Factors Behind Project Success and Effectiveness. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003116.

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The goal of development assistance is to deliver measurable results. At the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Development Effectiveness Framework (DEF) was adopted to enhance the likelihood this goal is met. The key objective of this analysis is to enhance our understanding of the role the set of tools and processes adopted at the IDB, from project design to completion, play in the assessment of a projects success and effectiveness. Specifically, we are interested in teasing out the role different dimensions of project design, assessed through the Development Effectiveness Matrix (DEM), and execution performance indicators, as per the Project Monitoring Report (PMR), have on the delivery of effective and successful projects measured through the Project Completion Report (PCR) methodology implemented at the IDB. We also explore the validation process of PCRs and delve into the effectiveness analysis at the level of specific objectives and result indicators, identifying key pitfalls associated with objectives not being met. Overall, our findings provide strong validation for the DEF and its tools. We find robust evidence for the importance of the quality at entry assessment conducted through the DEM. In particular, the quality of the results matrix at approval is a strong determinant of project success and effectiveness at closure, and the quality of the Evaluation Plan is strongly associated with the effectiveness of a project. In terms of execution performance, our analysis finds that, on average, projects that execute a lower share of their approved loan amount, are put on Alert, or are classified as a Problem, in its first three years of execution; and projects that experience a higher share of their outputs discontinued, with respect to their first results matrix, are most likely to be ineffective in achieving their objectives and will likely be rated as unsuccessful.
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Lubkovych, Igor. METHODS OF JOURNALISTIC COMMUNICATION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11096.

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Journalistic communication is professional, its purpose is to obtain information and share it withthe audience. A journalist communicates when he intends to receive information directly from the interlocutor, from documents that the interlocutor has, or by observing the behavior of the interlocutor during the conversation. The most common method is communication in order to obtain verbal information. In the course of communication, a journalist succeeds when he adheres to politeness, clarity, brevity. It is important that the conditions of communication must be prepared or created: a place of communication, participants of communication, demonstration of listening skills, feedback. You should always try to get documentary evidence of what you have heard. An active reaction to what is heard by the journalist should be used to find out how much the interlocutor understands what is being said. At the beginning of the conversation, when the interlocutor expresses his attitude to the event or problem in question, it should not be interrupted. A journalist, like most people, often makes two mistakes when communicating: perceives as truth what is presented and attributes characteristics. Attribution of the characteristic as a psychological error is known since the beginning of the last century. And the perception of everything as the truth has long been inherent in our society.
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, and Lant Pritchett. Women’s Education May Be Even Better Than We Thought: Estimating the Gains from Education When Schooling Ain’t Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/049.

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Women’s schooling has long been regarded as one of the best investments in development. Using two different cross-nationally comparable data sets which both contain measures of schooling, assessments of literacy, and life outcomes for more than 50 countries, we show the association of women’s education (defined as schooling and the acquisition of literacy) with four life outcomes (fertility, child mortality, empowerment, and financial practices) is much larger than the standard estimates of the gains from schooling alone. First, estimates of the association of outcomes with schooling alone cannot distinguish between the association of outcomes with schooling that actually produces increased learning and schooling that does not. Second, typical estimates do not address attenuation bias from measurement error. Using the new data on literacy to partially address these deficiencies, we find that the associations of women’s basic education (completing primary schooling and attaining literacy) with child mortality, fertility, women’s empowerment and the associations of men’s and women’s basic education with positive financial practices are three to five times larger than standard estimates. For instance, our country aggregated OLS estimate of the association of women’s empowerment with primary schooling versus no schooling is 0.15 of a standard deviation of the index, but the estimated association for women with primary schooling and literacy, using IV to correct for attenuation bias, is 0.68, 4.6 times bigger. Our findings raise two conceptual points. First, if the causal pathway through which schooling affects life outcomes is, even partially, through learning then estimates of the impact of schooling will underestimate the impact of education. Second, decisions about how to invest to improve life outcomes necessarily depend on estimates of the relative impacts and relative costs of schooling (e.g., grade completion) versus learning (e.g., literacy) on life outcomes. Our results do share the limitation of all previous observational results that the associations cannot be given causal interpretation and much more work will be needed to be able to make reliable claims about causal pathways.
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KM Tools : Making Connections. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41924.

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Knowledge management is vital to successfully executing research and development programs within the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). Experimental knowledge management initiatives over the years led to discoveries about the best ways to store and access ERDC’s vast knowledge base. This document highlights several of the effective knowledge management tools that evolved from these discoveries, helping you to find and share knowledge!
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