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Journal articles on the topic 'Sharks – Hawaii'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Daly-Engel, Toby S., R. Dean Grubbs, Brian W. Bowen, and Robert J. Toonen. "Frequency of multiple paternity in an unexploited tropical population of sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-005.

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Elasmobranch mating systems have received growing attention in the past few years because of worldwide overexploitation of shark populations. Few studies to date have examined mating systems in sharks because of difficulty in sampling. The sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) is heavily harvested around the world and is the dominant species in the main commercial fishery for large coastal sharks in the United States. In contrast, Hawaii hosts one of the few unexploited populations of sandbar sharks and represents an opportunity to gather data on the reproductive biology of a vulnerable shark species without the confounding effects of fishing mortality. We examined the frequency of multiple paternity in Hawaiian sandbar sharks using 130 individuals (20 gravid females with three–eight pups each per litter) surveyed with six polymorphic microsatellite loci and determined that 8 of the 20 litters (40%) were multiple- sired. A Bayesian approach estimated the frequency of multiple mating in this population at 43.8%, with a 95% confidence interval of 23%–63%. We conclude that multiple paternity and genetic monogamy occur with roughly equal frequency in the Hawaiian sandbar shark population. This study may serve as groundwork for understanding the impact of commercial fishing pressure on elasmobranch mating systems.

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Weng, Kevin, and Randy Honebrink. "Occurrence of White Sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in Hawaiian Waters." Journal of Marine Biology 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/598745.

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White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) have been known in Hawaii (~158°W, 22°N) since the time of ancient Hawaiians. We compiled sightings and records from 1926 to the present (4 females, 2 males, and 8 unknown sex; 3.3–4.5 m total length) and compared them with satellite tracking records (7 females, 9 males, and 6 unknown; 3.7–5.3 m total length). White sharks have been sighted in Hawaii throughout the year, whereas satellite tracking studies show individuals near the North American coast during fall and offshore during spring for the eastern North Pacific population (northern fall/spring). The mismatch of these datasets could hypothetically be consistent with fall-sighted individuals being sourced from a different population or part of a resident population. However, recently documented multiyear movements of North American sharks revealed that the annual nearshore-offshore pattern does not hold for mature females, which ranged over larger areas and were offshore during the fall. We found that fall white shark sightings in Hawaii are predominantly of females, most likely visitors from the eastern North Pacific population. Misidentification of other species as white sharks frequently occurs by fishers and in the news media, and we suggest methods for discrimination of related species.

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3

Papastamatiou, Yannis P., David G. Itano, Jonathan J. Dale, Carl G. Meyer, and Kim N. Holland. "Site fidelity and movements of sharks associated with ocean-farming cages in Hawaii." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 12 (2010): 1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10056.

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Sharks are found in association with main Hawaiian Island ocean fish farms more frequently and at higher densities than is typical for coastal Hawaiian waters. Sharks attracted to fish farms could potentially threaten human water users, interact negatively with other fisheries, and seasonal migrations could be disrupted if individuals become entrained around farms throughout the year. We hypothesised that smaller coastal species would reside near farms, whereas more wide-ranging species would associate with farms only for short periods. We utilised passive acoustic telemetry to monitor the movements and behaviour of sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier) sharks adjacent to two open ocean fish farms in Hawaii. Approximately half the tagged sandbar sharks showed site fidelity to the farms, with some individuals being detected repeatedly for 2.5 years. Sandbar sharks moved seasonally to the west coast of Oahu, suggesting that fish farms are not disrupting natural seasonal cycles in this species. Tiger sharks tagged near the cages were more transient, and showed much shorter residence times although some individuals returned sporadically to the cages over the 3-year period. Ocean fish cages appear to aggregate sandbar sharks, but are only ‘visited’ by tiger sharks. Although threats to public safety are probably minimal, the ecological effects of aggregating top-predators are still unknown.

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4

Daly-Engel, Toby S., Amber Koch, James M. Anderson, Charles F. Cotton, and R. Dean Grubbs. "Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on the Squalus mitsukurii species complex in the West Pacific." ZooKeys 798 (November 21, 2018): 135–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28375.

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Dogfish sharks of the genusSqualusare small, deep-water sharks with a slow rate of molecular evolution that has led to their designation as a series of species complexes, with low between-species diversity relative to other taxa. The largest of these complexes is named for the Shortspine spurdog (SqualusmitsukuriiJordan & Snyder), a medium-sized dogfish shark common to warm upper slope and seamount habitats, with a putative circumglobal distribution that has come under investigation recently due to geographic variation in morphology and genetic diversity. The Hawaiian population ofSqualusmitsukuriiwas examined using both morphological and molecular analyses, putting this group in an evolutionary context with animals from the type population in Japan and closely-related congeners. External morphology differs significantly between the Hawaiian and JapaneseS.mitsukurii, especially in dorsal fin size and relative interdorsal length, and molecular analysis of 1,311 base pairs of the mitochondrial genes ND2 and COI show significant, species-level divergence on par with other taxonomic studies of this genus. The dogfish shark in Hawaii represents a new species in the genus, and the nameSqualushawaiiensis, the Hawaiian spurdog, is designated after the type location.

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5

MEYER, CARL G., JONATHAN J. DALE, YANNIS P. PAPASTAMATIOU, NICHOLAS M. WHITNEY, and KIM N. HOLLAND. "Seasonal cycles and long-term trends in abundance and species composition of sharks associated with cage diving ecotourism activities in Hawaii." Environmental Conservation 36, no. 2 (June 2009): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892909990038.

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SUMMARYShark cage diving is both popular and controversial, with proponents citing educational value and non-extractive use of natural resources and opponents raising concerns about public safety and ecological impacts. Logbook data collected 2004–2008 from two Oahu (Hawaii) shark cage diving operations were analysed to determine whether such voluntary records provide useful insights into shark ecology or ecotourism impacts. Operators correctly identified common shark species and documented gross seasonal cycles and long-term trends in abundance of Galapagos (Carcharhinus galapagensis), sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and tiger sharks (Galeorcerdo cuvier). Annual cycles in shark abundance may indicate seasonal migrations, whereas long-term trends suggest gradual exclusion of smaller sandbar sharks from cage diving sites. Numerically dominant (> 98%) Galapagos and sandbar sharks are rarely implicated in attacks on humans. Negligible impact on public safety is supported by other factors such as: (1) remoteness of the sites, (2) conditioning stimuli that are specific to the tour operations and different from inshore recreational stimuli and (3) no increase in shark attacks on the north coast of Oahu since cage diving started. Tracking studies are required to validate logbook data and to determine whether sharks associated with offshore cage diving travel into inshore areas used for in-water recreation.

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6

Juan, E. San. "Cultural Studies Amongst the Sharks: The Struggle Over Hawaii." Third Text 16, no. 1 (March 2002): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09528820110120731.

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7

Holmes, Bonnie J., Samuel M. Williams, Nicholas M. Otway, Einar E. Nielsen, Safia L. Maher, Mike B. Bennett, and Jennifer R. Ovenden. "Population structure and connectivity of tiger sharks ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) across the Indo-Pacific Ocean basin." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 7 (July 2017): 170309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170309.

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Population genetic structure using nine polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci was assessed for the tiger shark ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) at seven locations across the Indo-Pacific, and one location in the southern Atlantic. Genetic analyses revealed considerable genetic structuring ( F ST > 0.14, p < 0.001) between all Indo-Pacific locations and Brazil. By contrast, no significant genetic differences were observed between locations from within the Pacific or Indian Oceans, identifying an apparent large, single Indo-Pacific population. A lack of differentiation between tiger sharks sampled in Hawaii and other Indo-Pacific locations identified herein is in contrast to an earlier global tiger shark nDNA study. The results of our power analysis provide evidence to suggest that the larger sample sizes used here negated any weak population subdivision observed previously. These results further highlight the need for cross-jurisdictional efforts to manage the sustainable exploitation of large migratory sharks like G. cuvier .

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8

Meyer, CG, TB Clark, YP Papastamatiou, NM Whitney, and KN Holland. "Long-term movement patterns of tiger sharks Galeocerdo cuvier in Hawaii." Marine Ecology Progress Series 381 (April 17, 2009): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps07951.

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9

Meyer, Carl G., Joseph M. O'Malley, Yannis P. Papastamatiou, Jonathan J. Dale, Melanie R. Hutchinson, James M. Anderson, Mark A. Royer, and Kim N. Holland. "Growth and Maximum Size of Tiger Sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in Hawaii." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): e84799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084799.

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10

Ribéreau-Gayon, Agathe, David O. Carter, and Stephanie Regan. "New evidence of predation on humans by cookiecutter sharks in Kauai, Hawaii." International Journal of Legal Medicine 132, no. 5 (February 14, 2018): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-018-1786-8.

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11

Daly-Engel, Toby S., R. Dean Grubbs, Kim N. Holland, Robert J. Toonen, and Brian W. Bowen. "Assessment of multiple paternity in single litters from three species of carcharhinid sharks in Hawaii." Environmental Biology of Fishes 76, no. 2-4 (July 7, 2006): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9008-5.

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12

Brodziak, Jon, and William A. Walsh. "Model selection and multimodel inference for standardizing catch rates of bycatch species: a case study of oceanic whitetip shark in the Hawaii-based longline fishery." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, no. 12 (December 2013): 1723–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0111.

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One key issue for standardizing catch per unit effort (CPUE) of bycatch species is how to model observations of zero catch per fishing operation. Typically, the fraction of zero catches is high, and catch counts may be overdispersed. In this study, we develop a model selection and multimodel inference approach to standardize CPUE in a case study of oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) bycatch in the Hawaii-based pelagic longline fishery. Alternative hypotheses for shark catch per longline set were characterized by the variance to mean ratio of the count distribution. Zero-inflated and non-inflated Poisson, negative binomial, and delta-gamma models were fit to fishery observer data using stepwise variable selection. Alternative hypotheses were compared using multimodel inference. Results from the best-fitting zero-inflated negative binomial model showed that standardized CPUE of oceanic whitetip sharks decreased by about 90% during 1995–2010 because of increased zero catch sets and decreased CPUE on sets with positive catch. Our model selection approach provides an objective way to address the question of how to treat zero catches when analyzing bycatch CPUE.

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13

Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Brad M. Wetherbee, John O’Sullivan, Gwen D. Goodmanlowe, and Christopher G. Lowe. "Foraging ecology of Cookiecutter Sharks (Isistius brasiliensis) on pelagic fishes in Hawaii, inferred from prey bite wounds." Environmental Biology of Fishes 88, no. 4 (April 21, 2010): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9649-2.

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14

Crow, Gerald L., James A. Brock, and Steve Kaiser. "Fusarium solani Fungal Infection of the Lateral Line Canal System in Captive Scalloped Hammerhead Sharks (Sphyma lewini) in Hawaii." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 31, no. 4 (October 1995): 562–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.4.562.

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15

Timmers, Molly A., Kimberly R. Andrews, Chris E. Bird, Marta J. deMaintenton, Russell E. Brainard, and Robert J. Toonen. "Widespread Dispersal of the Crown-of-Thorns Sea Star,Acanthaster planci, across the Hawaiian Archipelago and Johnston Atoll." Journal of Marine Biology 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/934269.

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The population structure of marine species is variable along the Hawaiian Archipelago; thus, it is important to understand dispersal and recruitment patterns for economically and ecologically important taxa to inform Ecosystem-based Management. Connectivity of the coral-eating crown-of-thorns sea star,Acanthaster planci, was examined from Johnston Atoll and 12 locations across the Hawaiian Archipelago. Sequences of mitochondrial DNA from 383 individuals were analyzed to infer patterns of gene flow among the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHIs), the main Hawaiian Islands, and Johnston Atoll. Population samples were genetically similar across the Hawaiian Archipelago with the exception of the west side of the Big Island of Hawaii, which was significantly differentiated from the majority of Hawaiian samples (pairwise , ). Although differentiated, Hawai`i West shares haplotypes with every other site across the Hawaiian Archipelago. Johnston Atoll was genetically distinct from every location (pairwise , ) except French Frigate Shoals (, ), supporting connectivity between the central NWHIs and Johnston Atoll. Taken together with the lack of geographic population structure and haplotypes shared among all populations, these results indicate widespread larval dispersal with few restrictions to gene flow along the archipelago.

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16

Meyer, Carl G., Yannis P. Papastamatiou, and Kim N. Holland. "A multiple instrument approach to quantifying the movement patterns and habitat use of tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier) and Galapagos sharks (Carcharhinus galapagensis) at French Frigate Shoals, Hawaii." Marine Biology 157, no. 8 (May 5, 2010): 1857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-010-1457-x.

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17

Scala, Victoria A., Michael S. Hayashi, Jason Kaneshige, Elliott R. Haut, Karen Ng, and Sho Furuta. "Shark-related injuries in Hawai’i treated at a level 1 trauma center." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 5, no. 1 (October 2020): e000567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2020-000567.

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BackgroundAlthough rare, human–shark interactions can result in a wide spectrum of injuries. This is the first study to characterize shark-related injuries (SRIs) in Hawai’i.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of the State of Hawai’i Division of Aquatic Resources Shark Incidents List between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019. Trauma registry data and medical records of patients treated for SRIs at the only level 1 trauma center in Hawai’i were reviewed.ResultsSixty-one patients sustained SRIs in the Hawaiian Islands: 25 in Maui, 16 in O’ahu, 12 in Hawai’i, and 8 in Kaua’i. In cases where the shark species could be identified, tiger sharks were the most frequent (25, 41%). Four cases were fatal—all died on scene in Maui with the shark species unknown. Forty-five survivors (79%) received definitive care at regional facilities. Twelve (21%) were treated at the level 1 trauma center, of which two were transferred in for higher level of care. Of the 12 patients, 11 (92%) had extremity injuries, with 3 lower extremity amputations (25%), 2 with vascular injuries (17%), and 5 with nerve injuries (42%). One had an injury to the abdomen. All patients had local bleeding control in the prehospital setting, with 9 (75%) tourniquets and 3 (25%) hemostatic/pressure dressings applied for truncal or proximal extremity injuries. The mean time from injury to emergency department arrival was 63 minutes.DiscussionMost SRIs are managed at regional facilities, rather than at a level 1 trauma center. Prehospital hemorrhage control is an important survival skill as time to definitive care may be prolonged. For cases treated at the level 1 trauma center, nerve injuries were common and should be suspected even in the absence of major vascular injury. Correlating shark behavior with observed injury patterns may help improve public awareness and ocean safety.Level of evidenceLevel V, epidemiological.

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18

Techera, Erika J. "Fishing, Finning and Tourism: Trends in Pacific Shark Conservation and Management." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 27, no. 3 (2012): 597–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180812x645688.

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Abstract Sharks have a key position in the ocean food chain and their removal could have far-reaching implications beyond the species themselves. Yet since the 1980s the harvesting of sharks, primarily for their fins, and their extraction as bycatch have resulted in a rapid decline in numbers. It is against this backdrop that the Pacific is leading the way in legal developments for shark conservation: from the US shark conservation law, and finning bans in Hawai’i, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and Guam, to the declaration of Palau’s shark sanctuary. These national initiatives have been complemented by regional action, including the adoption of a Regional Plan of Action for sharks by the Pacific nations. This article examines the legal developments and the emerging leadership role the region is taking. The lessons that they offer are explored, as well as some of the remaining challenges.

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19

Lindsay, Christopher James, Rafael Silk Lee, Mark D. Lindsay, Margo H. Edwards, Mark R. Rognstad, and Holly Chung Lindsay. "Submersible Hawaiian Aquatic Research Camera System: STEM Initiatives Fostering the Study of Hawaii's Marine Biota Using Underwater Time-Lapse Photography." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 4 (July 1, 2015): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.4.5.

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AbstractIn contrast to the traditional mentor-apprentice relationship inherent in most high school science research projects, a team of high school students designed and executed their own research study that focused on engineering a low-cost (<$1,000) camera and light apparatus to perform underwater time-lapse photography. With the advice of mentors from the University of Hawaii, the STEM community, and 'Iolani School, the team used their apparatus to study biota living underwater in caves near Makai Research Pier offshore of East Oahu, Hawaii. The photographic system consisted of a Raspberry Pi microcomputer and camera board synchronized with a homemade LED lighting system housed in aluminum or PVC piping with acrylic windows. Several deployments in shallow water (<5 m) yielded images of Hawaiian Whitetip Reef shark (Triaenodon obesus), Hawaiian Green Sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), and other marine animals in their natural reef habitat. The project demonstrates that, in less than a year, high school students can overcome the challenges of building an inexpensive, underwater time-lapse camera system to study the behavior of marine biota. This article describes the team's engineering project, scientific research, lessons learned, and outreach efforts in the hope that other educational, scientific, and governmental institutions will be encouraged to offer similar, enriching opportunities to nurture high school students to conduct STEM studies that advance ongoing, related research.

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20

Liebherr, James K., and David R. Maddison. "Colonisation of the Pacific by Bembidion beetles (Coleoptera : Carabidae), with description of Bembidion tahitiense, sp. nov. from Tahiti, French Polynesia." Invertebrate Systematics 27, no. 4 (2013): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is13003.

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Bembidion (Sloanephila) tahitiense, sp. nov. is described from Mont Mauru, an isolated massif of Tahiti Nui volcano. Based on evidence from seven genes (four nuclear protein-coding, one mitochondrial protein-coding, two nuclear ribosomal), its sister group is the Australian B. jacksoniense Guérin-Méneville, with which it shares a synapomorphic spur on the ostium of the male genitalia. In contrast to B. jacksoniense, B. tahitiense is brachypterous, with rounded humeri, constricted posterior pronotal margins and convex body form. Examination of the seven genes in two species of the Hawaiian subgenus Nesocidium Sharp reveals that the sister group of Nesocidium is subgenus Zecillenus Lindroth from New Zealand. These two subgenera belong to the Ananotaphus complex, a clade inhabiting Australia, New Zealand and Hawaii. The relationships of the second Hawaiian subgenus, Gnatholymnaeum Sharp, are less clear, although Gnatholymnaeum belongs to the Bembidion series (along with Sloanephila and the Ananotaphus complex). Bembidion beetles colonised the Society and Hawaiian islands independently from source areas in the south-west Pacific. Based on parsimonious reconstructions of flight-wing configuration, the Tahitian and Hawaiian colonisations involved winged individuals. Colonisation of the Society and Hawaiian islands by carabid beetles of two other tribes – Platynini and Moriomorphini – follow the dispersal patterns hypothesised for Bembidion.

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21

Compagno, L. J. V., and Leighton Taylor. "Sharks of Hawai'i. Their Biology and Cultural Significance." Copeia 1996, no. 1 (February 2, 1996): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446969.

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22

Wyatt, Susan. "Shark Dialoguesand Hawaiian Dreams." Jung Journal 6, no. 4 (October 2012): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jung.2012.6.4.126.

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23

Whitney, Nicholas M., and Gerald L. Crow. "Reproductive biology of the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) in Hawaii." Marine Biology 151, no. 1 (September 26, 2006): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0476-0.

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24

Beasley, Kim, C. Curtis Martin, and Roger Laferriere. "MAXIMIZING DISPERSANT PREPAREDNESS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE 2007 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS FULL SCALE EXERCISE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 805–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-805.

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ABSTRACT Large scale dispersant exercises have been conducted nationally and internationally ever since their first large scale use during the Torrey Canyon Spill of 1967. Few of these exercises are conducted on the grandest scale intended to exercise all aspects of the operation; from command and control, pre-application testing, application, monitoring and data transmission. Clean Islands Council in cooperation with the State of Hawaii'S Department of Health and the U.S. Coast Guard conducted a two day exercise on February 21–22, 2007 to test the full range of the State'S Dispersant capability. It was the largest exercise ever conducted in Hawaii, and arguably the largest in United States history. The exercise was the culmination of 14 years of program development by the Clean Islands Council, the State of Hawaii and the United States Coast Guard. The exercise instilled a tremendous appreciation in all players involved of the complexity of dispersant operations, and the importance of ensuring efficient command and control processes, support and communications. All elements of Dispersant application were tested: decision making processes, laboratory pre-testing, on-scene test application, on-scene application, on-scene monitoring and real time data transmission to effect quick decision making from jurisdictional agencies. Additionally, the latest state of the art equipment was used during all phases. This paper discusses the results of the exercise and shares critical lessons learned that will greatly advance the preparedness knowledge of all dispersant users internationally. The authors of this paper have over 50 years of collective spill response experience and were personally involved in the exercise design and execution.

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25

Sutcliffe, Sarah R., and Michele L. Barnes. "The role of shark ecotourism in conservation behaviour: Evidence from Hawaii." Marine Policy 97 (November 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.022.

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26

Comfort, Christina M., and Kevin C. Weng. "Vertical habitat and behaviour of the bluntnose sixgill shark in Hawaii." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 115 (May 2015): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.005.

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27

Mahdizadeh, Valiollah, Naser Safaie, Ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh, Mohammad Reza Asef, and Philippe Callac. "Medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens from Iran shares genetic markers with specimens from China and Thailand." Botany 95, no. 6 (June 2017): 579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0198.

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Agaricus subrufescens Peck is a cosmopolitan species of nutritional and medicinal interest. Three types of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences were recently characterized for this species. Sequences of types A, B, or both types A and B are found in American and European specimens, while sequences of type C are found in Asian (China and Thailand) and Oceanian (Hawaii) specimens. We report on a collection of this species from Iran, for the first time. Both the morphological features and ITS sequence confirm its identification as A. subrufescens. Its ITS sequence was of type C and even identical to that of specimens previously reported from Hawaii, China, and Thailand. This sequence differed from those of Europe or the Americas, where most current cultivars originate. The discovery of a specimen likely native to Iran extends the known distribution range of the ITS sequence of type C from East Asia to Iran. More collections from West Asia (and elsewhere, for example Africa) would help to better know the distribution area of the different types of ITS sequences and to increase the available germplasm resources of A. subrufescens.

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Wetherbee, Bradley M., Gerald L. Crow, and Christopher G. Lowe. "Biology of the Galapagos shark,Carcharhinus galapagensis, in Hawai'i." Environmental Biology of Fishes 45, no. 3 (March 1996): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00003099.

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29

Hiruki, Lisa M., William G. Gilmartin, Brenda L. Becker, and Ian Stirling. "Wounding in Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-066.

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Injuries observed on endangered Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) at Laysan Island and French Frigate Shoals in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 1988 and 1989 were classified into six major types, based on the source of the wounds: mating attempts by adult male monk seals; nonmating aggressive interactions with other seals; attacks by large sharks; attacks by cookiecutter sharks (Isistius brasiliensis); contact with coral reef or debris; and entanglement in netting or marine debris. At both locations, injuries inflicted by adult male seals during mobbing incidents, in which many males attempt to mate with one seal, were seen more frequently than other types of injuries in 1988 and 1989. Injury data from 1982 – 1987 at Laysan Island and from 1985 – 1989 at French Frigate Shoals were used to compare the distribution of mating injuries inflicted by adult males and injuries inflicted by large sharks over size and sex classes of seals. Mating injuries caused by adult male seals were seen primarily on adult females but were also seen on seals in other size classes. Mating injuries inflicted by adult males occurred earlier in the year and with greater frequency at Laysan Island than at French Frigate Shoals. Injuries inflicted by large sharks were observed more often on adult male seals than on seals in other size classes at Laysan Island; however, no such difference was seen among size classes at French Frigate Shoals.

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30

Goldberg-Hiller, J., and N. K. Silva. "Sharks and Pigs: Animating Hawaiian Sovereignty against the Anthropological Machine." South Atlantic Quarterly 110, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 429–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1162525.

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31

Holland, K. N., B. M. Wetherbee, C. G. Lowe, and C. G. Meyer. "Movements of tiger sharks ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) in coastal Hawaiian waters." Marine Biology 134, no. 4 (September 7, 1999): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050582.

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32

Jones, David S. "Sharks upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health, and Culture in Hawai'i, 1778–1855." Journal of American History 106, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaz201.

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33

Widmer, Alexandra. "Sharks Upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health and Culture in Hawai‘i, 1778–1855." Journal of Pacific History 54, no. 2 (December 13, 2018): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2018.1552551.

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34

Cotton, Charles F., R. Dean Grubbs, Toby S. Daly-Engel, Patrick D. Lynch, and John A. Musick. "Age, growth and reproduction of a common deep-water shark, shortspine spurdog (Squalus cf. mitsukurii), from Hawaiian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 7 (2011): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10307.

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About half of the extant shark species occur only in deep waters (defined as >200 m depth), yet few published studies on sharks include these taxa. As fisheries worldwide enter deeper waters, the provision of biological data for these little-known taxa is critical to management and conservation. The shortspine spurdog, Squalus cf. mitsukurii, is an abundant shark on the insular slopes of the Hawaiian Islands. We assigned ages by counting growth bands on the enamel caps of both dorsal fin spines. Age estimates ranged from 3 to 26 years for females and from 6 to 23 years for males. Growth was modelled with multiple length-at-age models, fitted using maximum likelihood estimation and nonlinear least-squares methods. For female data, the logistic model yielded the most biologically cogent parameter estimates (L∞ = 126 cm (total length, TL) and k = 0.080 year–1). The two-parameter von Bertalanffy Growth Model yielded optimal model fit and realistic parameter estimates for males (L∞ = 72 cm (TL) and k = 0.080 year–1). Maturity ogives suggested that females and males mature at 64-cm TL (15 years) and 47-cm TL (8.5 years), respectively. Fecundity ranged from 3 to 10 embryos; mating appeared to be aseasonal. We reveal a conservative life history, common among deep-water elasmobranchs, and provide further evidence of geographic variation in reproductive and growth parameters in this nominal species.

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35

Wetherbee, BM, GL Crow, and CG Lowe. "Distribution, reproduction and diet of the gray reef shark Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos in Hawaii." Marine Ecology Progress Series 151 (1997): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps151181.

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36

Milius, Susan. "Life: Liver fuels white shark migration: Stored energy enables swim from California to Hawaii." Science News 184, no. 3 (July 30, 2013): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.5591840310.

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37

Lieffers, Caroline. "Sharks upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health, and Culture in Hawai’i, 1778–1855 Seth Archer." Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 37, no. 2 (September 2020): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.405-112019.

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38

Sánchez, George J. "Why Are Multiracial Communities So Dangerous?" Pacific Historical Review 86, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2017.86.1.153.

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This essay was the author’s presidential address at the annual meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association, in Waikoloa Beach, Hawai’i, on August 6, 2016. The address compares three multiracial communities—in Boyle Heights, California; Cape Town, South Africa; and various sites in Hawai’i—and asks why these areas often sparked controversy and were considered dangerous by the powers governing these societies. How these communities became multiracial through labor migration and urban land policies is explored, as well as the nature of interracial life that was created. Each of these communities shares a common history of interracial radicalism that threatened white supremacy, as well as confronting policies of forced removals that attempted to destroy their multiracial nature. Finally, the address, given in Hawai’i at the end of the Obama presidency, addresses the importance of keeping local histories alive through projects of historical memory and museums of conscience.

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Puniwai. "Pua ka Wiliwili, Nanahu ka Manō: Understanding Sharks in Hawaiian Culture." Human Biology 92, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.13110/humanbiology.92.1.03.

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40

Nebolon, Juliet. "Sharks upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health, and Culture in Hawai‘i, 1778–1855 by Seth Archer." Hawaiian Journal of History 53, no. 1 (2019): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hjh.2019.0014.

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41

Goldberg, Mark A. "Sharks upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health, and Culture in Hawai'i, 1778–1855 by Seth Archer." Journal of the Early Republic 40, no. 1 (2020): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2020.0006.

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Alcorn, Doris J., and Alan K. H. Kam. "FATAL SHARK ATTACK ON A HAWAIIAN MONK SEAL (MONACHUS SCHAUINSLANDI)." Marine Mammal Science 2, no. 4 (October 1986): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1986.tb00140.x.

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Bayman, James M. "A Shark Going Inland Is My Chief: The Island Civilization of Ancient Hawai‘i." Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 9, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2014.891541.

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Case, Emalani. "A Shark Going Inland Is My Chief: the island civilization of ancient Hawai‘i." Journal of Pacific History 48, no. 4 (December 2013): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2013.863703.

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Herman, R. D. K. "A Shark Going Inland is My Chief: The Island Civilization of Ancient Hawai'i." Journal of Historical Geography 45 (July 2014): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2014.05.020.

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McElroy, W. David, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Carolyn S. Mostello, Christopher G. Lowe, Gerald L. Crow, and Richard C. Wass. "Food habits and ontogenetic changes in the diet of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in Hawaii." Environmental Biology of Fishes 76, no. 1 (May 2006): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9010-y.

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Inglis, Kerri A. "Review: Sharks upon the Land: Colonialism, Indigenous Health, and Culture in Hawai‘i, 1778–1855 by Seth Archer." Pacific Historical Review 88, no. 3 (2019): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2019.88.3.489.

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Walsh, William A., Keith A. Bigelow, and Karen L. Sender. "Decreases in Shark Catches and Mortality in the Hawaii-Based Longline Fishery as Documented by Fishery Observers." Marine and Coastal Fisheries 1, no. 1 (January 2009): 270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/c09-003.1.

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Dale, Jonathan J., Austin M. Stankus, Michael S. Burns, and Carl G. Meyer. "The Shark Assemblage at French Frigate Shoals Atoll, Hawai‘i: Species Composition, Abundance and Habitat Use." PLoS ONE 6, no. 2 (February 10, 2011): e16962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016962.

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Gobush, Kathleen S., and Shawn C. Farry. "Non-lethal efforts to deter shark predation of Hawaiian monk seal pups." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 22, no. 6 (September 2012): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2272.

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