Journal articles: 'Sharp instruments'

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Kendler, Adele. "Maintaining sharp periodontal instruments." Dental Nursing 3, no. 1 (2007): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2007.3.1.29663.

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Tybjerg, Karin. "Sharp and telling." Journal of the History of Collections 31, no. 3 (2018): 547–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhy036.

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Abstract Surgical instrument collections have been used in a multitude of ways – as tools, taxonomies, teaching aids, representation, historical highlights and public displays – and they provide a key to understanding the shifting relations between surgery, medical museums and medical history. Tracing the uses of the surgical instrument collections from the Royal Danish Academy of Surgery and the Medical Historical Museum at the University of Copenhagen reveals a network of disciplinary and institutional changes from the late nineteenth to early twenty-first century. The history of the collections maps relations between scientific and cultural historical collections and between medicine and history. In the same way as surgical instruments have connected the surgeon’s hand to the patients’ body, the surgical instrument collections connect together the public, medical practice and history.

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Jagger, Janine, RichardD Pearson, and JessicaJ Brand. "AVOIDING THE HAZARDS OF SHARP INSTRUMENTS." Lancet 327, no. 8492 (1986): 1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91412-1.

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Blair, Benjamin F. "Sharp regulatory performance with blunt instruments." Economics Letters 48, no. 2 (1995): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(94)00598-v.

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Nowak, Nicolle Luise, Gilberto Alves Campos, Érica de Oliveira Borba, Leandra Ulbricht, and Eduardo Borba Neves. "Fatores de risco para acidentes com material perfurocortantes." O Mundo da Saúde 37, no. 4 (2013): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.2013374419426.

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Seguin-Givelet, Agathe, Akram Traibi, Madalina Grigoroiu, Emmanuel Brian, and Dominique Gossot. "Dedicated thoracoscopic instruments allow performing a sharp dissection." ASVIDE 4 (July 2017): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2017.274.

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Moriani, Stefano, Rossana Cecchi, and Luigi Cipolloni. "Suicide by sharp instruments: A case of harakiri." International Journal of Legal Medicine 108, no. 4 (1996): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01369796.

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Mena, Ricardo. "Instruments, Artifacts and Context." Análisis Filosófico 38, no. 1 (2019): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.36446/af.2018.286.

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It is notoriously difficult to model the range of application of vague predicates relative to a suitable sorites series. In this paper I offer some critical remarks against an interesting view that has received little attention in the literature. According to it, the sharp cut-offs we find in our semantic models are just artifacts of the theory, and, as such, they are harmless. At the end I discuss a contextualist view that, at a cost, may be able to get around the problems related to sharp cut-offs incurred in by other theories of vagueness.

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Yarbrough, Cornelia, Brant Karrick, and Steven J. Morrison. "Effect of Knowledge of Directional Mistunings on the Tuning Accuracy of Beginning and Intermediate Wind Players." Journal of Research in Music Education 43, no. 3 (1995): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3345638.

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The purpose of this research was to study the effect of knowledge of directional mis-tunings on the tuning accuracy of beginning and intermediate wind players. Subjects (N = 197) were instrumental wind players who tuned to either an For a B-flat with both their own instrument—a performance task—and the tuning knob of a variable-pitch keyboard—a perception task. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: Group 1 knew that their instruments and the tuning knob were mis-tuned in the sharp direction; Group 2 knew that their instruments and the tuning knob were mistuned in the flat direction; and Group 3 had no information regarding direction of mistunings. Data demonstrated that only years of instruction significantly affected subjects' tuning accuracy. There were no significant differences due to treatment, instrument type, or tuning pitch. There were only 6 in-tune performance responses and 12 in-tune perception responses. Approaching the target pitch from above resulted in more sharp responses; approaching it from below resulted in more flat responses; and having no knowledge of direction of mistuning resulted in an equal number of sharp and flat responses. There were a greater number of flat responses in the first year of instruction and a greater number of sharp responses in the fourth year. Finally, there was consistent improvement from the first to the fourth year in both perception and performance tuning tasks.

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Cavalcanti, AlessandroLeite, LiegeHelena Freitas Fernandes, WanúbiaBarbosa Nunes, LarissaCosta Silva, RayssaLucena Wanderley, and CriseudaMaria Benício Barros. "Needlestick and sharp instruments injuries among Brazilian dentistry students." Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 8, no. 1 (2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_1173_16.

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Adib-Hajbaghery, Mohsen, and Mohammad Sajjad Lotfi. "Behavior of Healthcare Workers After Injuries From Sharp Instruments." Trauma Monthly 18, no. 2 (2013): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/traumamon.12779.

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Kennedy, Edward H., Sivaraman Balakrishnan, and Max G’Sell. "Sharp instruments for classifying compliers and generalizing causal effects." Annals of Statistics 48, no. 4 (2020): 2008–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/19-aos1874.

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Bebbington, Anthony. "Sharp Knives and Blunt Instruments: Social Capital in Development Studies." Antipode 34, no. 4 (2002): 800–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8330.00272.

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Hutley, Dan. "Look sharp! Managing the risk of injuries from medical instruments." Nursing and Residential Care 16, no. 1 (2014): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2014.16.1.36.

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Lewis, Frank R., Louise J. Short, Richard J. Howard, Allan J. Jacobs, and Natalie E. Roche. "Epidemiology of Injuries by Needles and Other Sharp Instruments: Minimizing Sharp Injuries in Gynecologic and Obstetric Operations." Surgical Clinics of North America 75, no. 6 (1995): 1105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(16)46784-8.

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White, R. R., and E. J. Ridgway. "Managing injuries from sharp instruments in health care workers in Mersey." BMJ 309, no. 6960 (1994): 989–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6960.989.

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Nederveen, Cornelis J. "Influences of sharp toroidal bends on the tuning of wind instruments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, no. 4 (1996): 2456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.415476.

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Raahave, Dennis. "Operative Precautions in HIV and Other Bloodborne Virus Diseases." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 17, no. 8 (1996): 529–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700004744.

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AbstractMathematical means have suggested that the surgical team is at particular risk of acquiring HIV (or other bloodborne viruses) from a source patient. To reduce this risk, it is mandatory to avoid accidental injuries during operative procedures. The surgeon must handle tissues with instruments and must minimize finger use. Sharp instruments should be passed through a neutral zone to ensure that the surgeon and nurse do not touch the same instrument at the same time. Instruments should not be handled blindly, but instead should be accompanied by eye and verbal contact. We find these changes in surgical technique are necessary for present and future generations of surgeons.

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Ginzburg, M. "1. A new uterine flushing curette 2. New aluminium uterine probe 3. Improved Syringe for Transfusion of Saline fluid into the Cellular Tissue." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 11, no. 6 (2020): 719–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd116719-720.

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In theory, none of these instruments is anything new or original: the Donalde instrument, manufactured by Arnold and Son in Manchester, resembles the Fritsch-Bosemann catheter, whose beak is elongated in the form of a sharp spoon; its diameter is equal to No. 14 of Duncan's expander (approximately No. 8-9 Hegar).

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Hussain, Juveria Syed Ali, Jyotsna Galinde, and Ranganatha Rao K. Jingade. "Occupational Exposure to Sharp Instrument Injuries among Dental, Medical and Nursing Students in Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Campus, Navi Mumbai, India." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 2, no. 2 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1001.

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ABSTRACT Background Sharp instrument injuries among health care students significantly increase the risk of transmission of different blood-borne pathogens which can lead to serious consequences including death. Objectives The study was carried out to determine the prevalence and factors associated with sharp instrument injuries among the health care students in the Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Campus, Navi Mumbai and to make recommendations to the institutional authorities about measures to be undertaken to prevent such injuries among the students. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 700 health care students which included dental, medical and nursing students during their clinical training at Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Campus, Navi Mumbai from May 2012 to July 2012. It was a self-administered questionnaire with a 1-year recall period for sharp instrument injury. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results The questionnaire was completed by 627 students of which 76.4% of nursing, 75.4% of dental and 48.7% of the medical students had experienced sharp instrument injuries in the past 1 year with hollow-bore needle being the most common instrument causing such injuries. Overall, 77.4% of the students had not reported the incident of the injury and only 34.4% of the students had taken postexposure prophylaxis. Conclusion Educational interventions with effective training on proper handling and disposal of sharp instruments and postexposure prophylaxis along with the formation of a reporting center are some of the recommendations which can reduce the occupational exposure to sharp instrument injuries among the health care students. How to cite this article Hussain JSA, Ram SM, Galinde J, Jingade RRK. Occupational Exposure to Sharp Instrument Injuries among Dental, Medical and Nursing Students in Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Campus, Navi Mumbai, India. J Contemp Dent 2012;2(2):1-10.

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O'Neale, Mary. "Electrosurgical unit smoke evacuation; glutaraldehyde exposure; double gloving; handling reusable sharp instruments." AORN Journal 57, no. 5 (1993): 1159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)67321-9.

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Tomkins, D. P., and J. H. Van Der Walt. "Needleless and Sharp-Free Anaesthesia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 24, no. 2 (1996): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9602400205.

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Accidental occupational infection of anaesthetists from patient body fluids is a very real and potentially fatal risk that will be significantly reduced with the routine use of universal precautions and the adoption of specific safe work practices. Employers are required by law to provide a safe working environment and safe systems for work which anaesthetists should implement according to recommendations in this paper. A protocol should be available to be acted upon in the event of occupational parenteral, mucous membrane and non-intact skin exposure to infected patient body fluids. Recommendations are made in six major areas of clinical practice which anaesthetists should adopt to minimize risks to themselves and other healthcare workers: loading syringes, cannulating blood vessels, administering intramuscular (IM) or local anaesthetic injections, administering intravenous (IV) drugs, use of sutures and surgical instruments by anaesthetists and the safe disposal of needles, glass ampoules and other sharp materials. Despite the known risks and the development of these safe practices there is poor compliance by anaesthetists with measures to safeguard themselves and others.

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Sun, Jian, Wen Qin, Lei Jia, et al. "Investigation and Analysis of Sharp Injuries among Health Care Workers from 36 Hospitals in Shandong Province, China." BioMed Research International 2021 (June 11, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5698483.

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Background. This study investigated and analyzed the current situation of sharp injuries among health care workers (HCWs) in China’s Shandong Province. Methods. By means of questionnaire survey, the incidence of sharp injuries among HCWs from 36 hospitals in China’s Shandong Province in October 2019 was investigated, and the results of this survey were compared with those of October 2012. Results. A total of 48165 HCWs were investigated. 549 cases of sharp injuries occurred. The incidence of sharp injuries was 1.14%, which was significantly lower than that in October 2012 (9.71%). In the occupational distribution of sharp injuries among HCWs, the proportion of nurses was 58.65%, doctors 23.32%, and interns 12.02%. Among the distribution of sharp injury departments, general wards, operating rooms, intensive care units, disinfection supply centers, and outpatient clinics were the high-incidence sites of occupational exposure among HCWs. The main instruments causing sharp injuries in HCWs were syringes, scalp steel needles, surgical suture needles, vacuum blood collection needles, and glass slides. Drug administration, double-handed loop needle cap, blood extraction, surgical suture needle, and arteriovenous needle extraction were high-risk operations causing sharp instrument injuries in HCWs. Conclusion. The incidence of sharp injuries among HCWs from 36 hospitals in Shandong Province in October 2019 was significantly lower than that in October 2012. Sharp injuries were a common type of occupational exposure for HCWs. The occurrence of sharp injuries should be effectively reduced by changing wrong habitual behavior and implementing standard protective measures.

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Park, Jisun, and Hyeonseo Son. "Weapon Use in Korean Homicide: Differences Between Homicides Involving Sharp and Blunt Instruments." Journal of Forensic Sciences 63, no. 4 (2017): 1134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13673.

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Gould, Dinah, Jenifer Wilson-Barnett, and Emma Ream. "Nurses' infection-control practice: hand decontamination, the use of gloves and sharp instruments." International Journal of Nursing Studies 33, no. 2 (1996): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7489(95)00048-8.

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Ladanyi, Branko, and Hugo Longtin. "Short- and long-term sharp cone tests in clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 1 (2005): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-092.

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A recently developed in situ testing method, called the sharp cone test, which is in fact a continuous and automated version of the pressuremeter test, consists of pushing a low-angle truncated cone into a smaller diameter prebored or self-bored pilot hole. As the cone descends, it causes a continuous enlargement of the pilot hole, which, with proper instrumentation, can be translated into a relationship between radial pressure and radial (or shear) strain, similar to the expansion curve of a pressuremeter test. The present paper describes the use in the field of two new versions of this instrument: the first one with 2° taper, having on its lateral surface four total pressure transducers and a pore pressure transducer; and the second one with two successive taper angles of 1° and 2°, having five total pressure transducers installed at various distances from the tip. The latter probe was found to be capable of continuously furnishing five points on a pressure-expansion curve, which can be translated into a stressstrain relationship by using conventional pressuremeter data-processing procedures. The first probe, in turn, was used for simultaneously observing the decrease with time of both total lateral pressure and pore pressure during strain-holding periods of the test. In 2002, the two newly designed instruments were tested in a thick layer of saturated clay at a site near Montréal. A comparison of the results with those obtained at the same site by some other types of tests is very encouraging.Key words: field tests, clay, sharp cone, pressuremeter, short term, long term.

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Musekene, Emma, Perpetua Modjadji, and Sphiwe Madiba. "The Occurrence and Contributing Factors of Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries Among Dental Students in a South African University." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (2020): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010126.

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Background: Needle stick and sharp injuries are a global public health issue, mainly due to exposure to infectious diseases. Dental students, in particular, are at a high risk of needle stick and sharp injuries attributed to the restricted working space of the oral cavity and the routine use of sharp instruments, among other risks. Despite this growing body of knowledge on needle stick and sharp injuries in the dental setting, data is limited among dental students in South Africa. Objective: The study aimed to determine the occurrence and contributing factors of needle stick and sharp injuries among dental undergraduate students in a university in South Africa. Methods: A university based cross-sectional study was conducted among 248 dental students in the School of Oral Health Sciences using a census sampling. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on prevalence, procedures, instruments, reporting, contributing factors, training, protective strategies, and hepatitis B immunization. Data was analysed using STATA 14. Results: The response rate was 99% and the mean age of students was 24 years (SD=±4). Male students were 43% (107), while females constituted 57% (141) of the sample. One-hundred and one (41%) students reported being exposed to needle stick and sharps injuries. Most injuries (45%) occurred among students studying Bachelor of Dental and Surgery and among students in the 4th year (57%). The people at the departments of periodontology (39%), and maxillofacial and oral Surgery (25%) experienced most injuries. The main tools causing injuries were the syringe needle (52%) and the scaler (31%) while injecting a patient (34%), and scaling and polishing (26%) were common procedures. Eight (8%) students did not report their injury, even though the use of prophylaxis exposure was minimal (8%). Very few students (5%) were tested for a blood-borne virus after injury, while 23% did nothing with their injury and 43% opted to wash the injury under tap water. Lack of concentration (36%) and anxiety (19%) were reported as major contributing factors to injuries. Two hundred and forty six (99%) students were fully vaccinated against hepatitis B. Two hundred and nineteen (86%) students were aware of full details on the use of universal precautions. One hundred and eighty six (75%) students practiced needle recapping. Being in the 3rd year (AOR = 3.0, 95%CI: 1.4 - 6.3), 4th year (AOR = 5.0, 95%CI: 1.9 – 11) and 5th year (AOR=4.6, 95%CI: 2 -12.5) was significantly associated to injuries compared to students in the 2nd year of the study. Conclusion: The needle stick and sharp injuries were prevalent in this study, and factors implicated were lack of concentration and anxiety, as well as, age, academic year of study and training on handling of instruments. The burden of needle stick and sharps injuries among the dental professionals can be reduced by adhering to the current and universally accepted standard precautionary measures against needle stick and sharp injuries.

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AlGhamdi, Khalid M., and Rayan A. AlKhodair. "Practical Techniques to Enhance the Safety of Health Care Workers in Office-Based Surgery." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 15, no. 1 (2011): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2010.09084.

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Background: Office-based surgery is commonly practiced in different specialties for a variety of procedures. During these procedures, the health care worker (HCW) is exposed to a large number of pathogens that can be bloodborne, including the hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These pathogens can be transmitted through needlesticks or sharp injuries to intact skin or by backsplash of contaminated body fluids onto mucous membranes or injured skin. Objectives and Conclusions: This article reviews the published techniques designed to protect the HCW from such hazards. These techniques are classified into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. Preoperative measures include general protective measures, organization of the surgical field, and consideration of alternative treatments in high-risk patients. Intraoperative techniques deal with safe handling and transferring of sharp instruments, working without using sharps, and protection from backspray injuries. Postoperative measures address proper disposal of used sharps.

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Moss, S. T., R. F. Clark, D. A. Guss, and P. Rosen. "A prospective observational study on the handling of sharp instruments in the emergency department." Annals of Emergency Medicine 23, no. 3 (1994): 614–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(94)80319-6.

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Miller, Ben. "06.213: Attacks with Knives and Sharp Instruments: Quantitative Coding and the Witness to Atrocity." Leonardo 45, no. 1 (2012): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00345.

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Text corpora of testimony to survival and other traumatic events have expanded because of more efficacious and available data collection tools. New methods mobilizing controlled vocabularies, relational data schema, and natural language processing both enable these fragmentary collections of witnessing and offer ways to make them readable. “06.213” describes the background for these methods as relates to testimonial corpora and the framework of a new text analytics project focused on organizing the unstructured fragments of a collection around reader-specified conceptual foci.

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Febrina Art, Ramzi Amin, and AK Ansyori. "Retinometry : a Literature Review." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 1, no. 1 (2018): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v1i1.31.

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Sharp vision is a major concern in cataract cases. Sharp improvement in vision is the expected outcome of the management of cataract cases, namely by operative measures. Before surgery, there are several ophthalmological examinations that must be performed. Quantitative instruments have been developed to determine the visual potential of eyes that experience turbidity of refractive media. One examination that can be done is a retinometry examination that is the examination of the sharp potential of vision with a retinometer. Retinometry is a process of measuring sharp eyes using a retinometer to determine the potential for sharp eyesight. Retinometer is one tool that uses the principle of interference fringes to assess the patient's sharp vision through a cloudy lens. On a retinometer, a light source is split into two rays which then enter the least turbid lens area so that interference grating is formed on the retina. The lattice can have a vertical, horizontal or oblique meridian orientation

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PINELLI, Camila, and Luis Felipe Garcia Leal MOUTA. "Occupational exposure to contaminated biological material: perceptions and feelings experienced among dental students." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 43, no. 4 (2014): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/rou.2014.043.

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INTRODUCTION: Dental students may be a particularly vulnerable group exposed to the risk of acquiring infections through occupational injuries.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the perceptions with regard to their occupational exposure to potentially infectious biologic materials.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Interviews were conducted by means of a script with open questions. The speeches were recorded, transcribed and qualitative analysis was performed with the aid of QUALIQUANTISOFT® software. The Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) was obtained.RESULT: The feeling most frequently experienced was related to the fear of contagion. Most accidents occurred during the handling of sharp dental instruments. Respondents attributed the occurrence of accidents especially the lack of attention, carelessness while handling sharp instruments, and lack of use of Personal Protective Equipment. As regards the measures taken right after the exposure, they "washed the local area". Other respondents reported they "continued the dental treatment". They complained mostly about the fear of having been infected, and because they had to leave the faculty to take blood exams for HIV screening. As part of the learning experience the injured reported they paid more attention when handling sharp instruments. The students informed that any type of injury due to contact with contaminated material must be notified. However, they were neglectful about reporting their own injury.CONCLUSION: Education strategies for preventive measures related to occupational exposure must be restructured, because the knowledge and the fear of contagion among dental students were not always sufficient for a complete adherence to treatment protocols and notification.

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Fewster, Christopher J., and Rainer Verch. "Quantum Fields and Local Measurements." Communications in Mathematical Physics 378, no. 2 (2020): 851–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00220-020-03800-6.

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Abstract The process of quantum measurement is considered in the algebraic framework of quantum field theory on curved spacetimes. Measurements are carried out on one quantum field theory, the “system”, using another, the “probe”. The measurement process involves a dynamical coupling of “system” and “probe” within a bounded spacetime region. The resulting “coupled theory” determines a scattering map on the uncoupled combination of the “system” and “probe” by reference to natural “in” and “out” spacetime regions. No specific interaction is assumed and all constructions are local and covariant. Given any initial state of the probe in the “in” region, the scattering map determines a completely positive map from “probe” observables in the “out” region to “induced system observables”, thus providing a measurement scheme for the latter. It is shown that the induced system observables may be localized in the causal hull of the interaction coupling region and are typically less sharp than the probe observable, but more sharp than the actual measurement on the coupled theory. Post-selected states conditioned on measurement outcomes are obtained using Davies–Lewis instruments that depend on the initial probe state. Composite measurements involving causally ordered coupling regions are also considered. Provided that the scattering map obeys a causal factorization property, the causally ordered composition of the individual instruments coincides with the composite instrument; in particular, the instruments may be combined in either order if the coupling regions are causally disjoint. This is the central consistency property of the proposed framework. The general concepts and results are illustrated by an example in which both “system” and “probe” are quantized linear scalar fields, coupled by a quadratic interaction term with compact spacetime support. System observables induced by simple probe observables are calculated exactly, for sufficiently weak coupling, and compared with first order perturbation theory.

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Alam, IP, Z. Pervin, and MA Haque. "Intestinal Perforation as a Complication of Induced Abortion - a Case Report and Literature Review." Faridpur Medical College Journal 7, no. 1 (2012): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i1.10299.

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Intestinal perforation is a rare complication of induced abortion but it is not rare in our country. It is most commonly seen in countries in which abortions are performed by people without proper training and with sharp pointed instruments without knowledge of anatomy. Bowel perforation occurs when the posterior vaginal wall or uterus is violated, allowing the instrument to pierce underlying structures. The ileum and sigmoid colon are the most commonly injured portions of bowel due to their anatomic location. Here we discussed a woman who sustained a perforation at anterior rectal wall from abortion and was managed successfully.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i1.10299Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(1): 46-49

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Rennie, Adrian R., Maja S. Hellsing, Kathleen Wood, et al. "Learning about SANS instruments and data reduction from round robin measurements on samples of polystyrene latex." Journal of Applied Crystallography 46, no. 5 (2013): 1289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889813019468.

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Measurements of a well-characterized `standard' sample can verify the performance of an instrument. Typically, small-angle neutron scattering instruments are used to investigate a wide range of samples and may often be used in a number of configurations. Appropriate `standard' samples are useful to test different aspects of the performance of hardware as well as that of the data reduction and analysis software. Measurements on a number of instruments with different intrinsic characteristics and designs in a round robin can not only better characterize the performance for a wider range of conditions but also, perhaps more importantly, reveal the limits of the current state of the art of small-angle scattering. The exercise, followed by detailed analysis, tests the limits of current understanding as well as uncovering often forgotten assumptions, simplifications and approximations that underpin the current practice of the technique. This paper describes measurements of polystyrene latex, radius 720 Å, with a number of instruments. Scattering from monodisperse, uniform spherical particles is simple to calculate and displays sharp minima. Such data test the calibrations of intensity, wavelength and resolution as well as the detector response. Smoothing due to resolution, multiple scattering and polydispersity has been determined. Sources of uncertainty are often related to systematic deviations and calibrations rather than random counting errors. The study has prompted development of software to treat modest multiple scattering and to better model the instrument resolution. These measurements also allow checks of data reduction algorithms and have identified how they can be improved. The reproducibility and the reliability of instruments and the accuracy of parameters derived from the data are described.

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Kolaitis, A., P. Papadimiriou, I. Kassaras, and K. Makropoulos. "Seismic observations with broadband instruments at Santorini volcano." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 3 (2018): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16844.

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Two arrays equipped with broadband sensors were installed for a period of 10 months, in order to study the seismic activity in the area of Santorini (Thira) volcano. During these periods, about 330 earthquakes were recorded and located within a radius of 50 km from the center of the caldera. An iterative damped traveltime inversion procedure yielded a local 1-D Ρ-wave velocity model and improved locations with an accuracy better than 5 Km in both horizontal and vertical components for 135 earthquakes. Those are mainly distributed within a depth range 5-18 Km, in the vicinity of the submarine Kolumbo Reef (NE of Santorini Island). Signal analysis of the recorded volcanic earthquakes including typical Fourier transformations and several operations in the time-frequency domain, allowed their dominant frequency determination and their classification into three groups based on waveform appearance and frequency content: (1) highfrequency events; (2) low-frequency events; and (3) volcanic tremor. Frequencytime analysis of tremor, detected at three stations, revealed two kinds of harmonic tremor with one sharp peak, at 3-5 Hz and 8.5-10 Hz.

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Kim, Dongwoo. "Partial identification in nonseparable count data instrumental variable models." Econometrics Journal 23, no. 2 (2019): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ectj/utz025.

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Summary This paper investigates undesirable limitations of widely used count data instrumental variable models. To overcome the limitations, I propose a partially identifying single-equation model that requires neither strong separability of unobserved heterogeneity nor a triangular system. Sharp bounds (identified sets) of structural features are characterised by conditional moment inequalities. Numerical examples show that the size of an identified set can be very small when the support of an outcome is rich or instruments are strong. An algorithm for estimation and inference is presented. I illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model in an empirical application to effects of supplemental insurance on healthcare utilisation.

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Giles, Kagmeni, Christelle Domngang, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Ebana Mvogo Come, and Peter Wiedemann. "Modified Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Intraocular Lens Implantation in HIV Patients." Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases 7 (January 2015): OED.S31013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/oed.s31013.

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Aim To describe a surgical technique suitable for cataract surgery in regions with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 20 consecutive AIDS patients with cataract who underwent modified small-incision cataract surgery (mSICS) with posterior chamber lens implantation. Classic extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) was compared to mSICS. The number of potentially risky steps for contamination during surgery and duration of surgery were analyzed. A risky step was defined as any time when the surgeon had to use a sharp instrument. Student's paired t-test was carried out to compare continuous variables, and P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Twenty patients were included in the study, 13 males (65%) and seven females (35%). The mean age was 46.3 ± 13.6 years (range 22–70 years). The number of potentially risky steps for contamination was significantly higher in the classical ECCE than in mSICS ( P < 0.001). The mean duration of cataract surgery with mSICS was significantly shorter as well ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Conversion to mSICS is essential in order to reduce accidental injuries during cataract surgery in sub-Saharan countries. Sharp instruments should be passed through a neutral zone to ensure that the surgeon and nurse do not touch the same instrument at the same time.

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Bannikova, V. A., and A. A. Pestova. "The effects of monetary shocks on inflation: High-frequency approach." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 47–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-6-47-76.

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Commonly used in monetary VARs identification schemes yield to a highfrequency approach as they tend to raise different empirical puzzles reported in the literature. However, financial markets in some open economies are not sufficiently liquid to provide minute bars data on interest rate financial instruments. This paper fills this gap employing a new series of high-frequency monetary policy surprises with USD/RUB currency futures and spot instruments. We find that a monetary tightening is contractionary without price puzzle and other paradoxes about financial variables. This result is robust for the period 2010—2019 apart from the crisis of 2014—2015 when the free floated ruble was devalued due to the sharp decline in oil prices. We also decompose surprises on monetary policy shocks — changes in the expected interest rate, and an information component — the information simultaneously conveyed by the central bank like an assessment of the economic outlook. We find that the former one significantly affects monetary policy surprises that does not confirm a hypothesis about substantial impact of non-monetary news on the external instrument.

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Yang, Ying-Chin. "Laparoscopic liver resection without advanced energy instruments: sharp dissection and clamp-crush method for the poor people." HPB 21 (2019): S389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.2057.

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Gishoma, Crispin, Abnezel Murengezi, Arsene Hobabagabo, et al. "Home Disposal of Used Insulin Syringes and Needles by the Patients With Diabetic in Rwanda." Journal of Management and Strategy 10, no. 2 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v10n2p10.

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For many people living with diabetes, using needles to inject insulin and test blood glucose levels is a part of their everyday lives. Improper disposal of these highly contaminating sharp materials can cause injuries to people as well as pollute water sources and agricultural land.Approximately 3.4% of the population in Rwanda lives with diabetes. There is no law specifying how these individuals should dispose of home-used syringes and lancets, and prior to this study, home disposal practices for sharp instruments including needles and lancets used for diabetes self-management were unknown.A cross-sectional study design was used to identify the common methods used by people living with diabetes to dispose of sharps after home use. A total of 201 people living with diabetes participated in the study. Only 107 (53.3%) of them could identify the proper methods of sharp disposal and only 69 (34.3%) reported using these proper disposal methods. The top three challenges to the use of proper disposal practices reported by participants included not being informed of such practices (76, 37.8%), not having appropriate containers (66, 32.8%) and having to travel a long distance to return safety boxes containing sharp materials (47, 23.4%).Future studies should be conducted to understand the financial feasibility of health facility provision of safe disposal boxes for patients. Education focusing on training people living with diabetes to use hard plastic bottles as an acceptable alternative to boxes is also needed. Convenient and effective mechanisms for obtaining and returning used safety boxes should be established. Larger scale studies including more patients could generate more representative data.

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Nisa, Khairun, Nurhasanah Nurhasanah, Anindita Suliya Hangesti Mandra Kusuma, Deni Sutisna Deni Sutisna, and Mega Puspita Sari. "Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Karakter Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD)." Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v6i1.158.

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The issue of the character of the nation is still in the sharp spotlight by the community. The characters which at the same time include national culture cover various aspects of life. Even though it has long been echoed in every educational unit, character development seems to be the only writing that is always at the beginning of the lesson plan without any measurement tools.This research aims to explain the form of character assessment instruments developed for elementary school (SD) students. This type of research is development. The product produced from this development research is a character assessment instrument. The development design that will be used is the ADDIE instructional design. The results of internal validation of the instrument show that the questionnaire developed is very valid and can be used without improvement. External validation of the character assessment instrument for low classes, it is known that all statement items in the instrument are valid. The reliability of the low-class character assessment instrument was 0.986 in the first test and 0.984 in the second test. External validation of the character assessment instrument for high class, it is known that all statement items are valid. The reliability of the high-class character assessment instrument on the first test was 0.980 (very high) and on the second test was 0.979 (very high). Recommendations for development results are character assessment instruments that need to be tested in research on normal (offline) learning and still need to be evaluated (after being implemented) based on the input obtained from the response questionnaire or field notes on the observation sheet.

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Santos, Luzia Michelle, Italo M. Bernardino, Alysson Vinicius Ferreira Porto, Kevan Guilherme Nórbrega Barbosa, Lorena Marques da Nóbrega, and Sérgio d’Avila. "Aggression Using a Knife or Other Sharp Instruments and Oral-Maxillofacial Trauma: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Epidemiologic Trends." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 76, no. 9 (2018): 1953.e1–1953.e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2018.01.007.

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Sheikhbardsiri, Hojjat, Arezoo Sarani, ZahraEsamaeili Abdar, Fatemeh Hasani, and Behzad Razavi. "Frequency and damage caused by sharp instruments and needle sticks among staff in a university hospital, Kerman, Iran." Journal of Acute Disease 8, no. 5 (2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2221-6189.268409.

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Sledge, J., W. Andrew Graham, S. Westmoreland, et al. "Spinal cord injury models in non human primates: Are lesions created by sharp instruments relevant to human injuries?" Medical Hypotheses 81, no. 4 (2013): 747–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.040.

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Maddi Neshat, M., and F. Pashayee. "Experience of health care workers after contact with sharp instruments contaminated with patients ‘blood: A phenomenological -qualitative study." Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2011): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jnkums.3.3.83.

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Bouré, L. "The Used Electrocautery Loop in the Equine Proximal Phalanx." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 12, no. 04 (1999): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632491.

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SummaryAn 18-month-old 420 kg Standardbred colt was admitted for removal of three type I proximal plantar osteochondral fragments of the proximal phalanx. An electrocautery loop probe was used for the arthroscopic removal of the osteochondral fragments. Distension of the metatarsophalangeal joints was achieved using a 1.5% glycine solution. Under arthroscopic guidance, the soft tissue attachments of the osteochondral fragments were transected with the electrocautery loop probe. Once freed of all soft tissue attachments, the fragments were removed with a Ferris-Smith intervertebral disc rongeur. The electrocautery loop probe permitted an easy, precise and smooth dissection of intra-articular soft-tissue structures. Six weeks after the operation, the colt had returned to training. After eight months, the colt remained sound and was racing. The loop electrocautery probe was used as an alternative to manual sharp instruments in the arthroscopic treatment of Type I proximal plantar osteochondral fragments of the proximal phalanx.An electrocautery loop probe was used in the arthroscopic treatment of type I proximal plantar osteochondral fragments of the proximal hind phalanx in a Standardbred horse. The loop electrocautery probe was used as an alternative to manual sharp instruments.

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Geringer, John M., Rebecca B. MacLeod, and Justine K. Sasanfar. "In Tune or Out of Tune." Journal of Research in Music Education 63, no. 1 (2015): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429415572025.

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We studied music majors’ perception of intonation in accompanied solo performances of trumpet, violin, and voice. We were interested in whether listeners would judge pitch deviations of equal magnitude in the three solo performances as equivalent in intonation. Participants were 150 graduate and undergraduate music majors drawn from two large music schools and included 50 students representing each of the following areas of applied music study: voice, wind instruments, and string instruments. Listeners heard solo trumpet, violin, and soprano performances of Ave Maria (Bach/Gounod) accompanied by piano. Pitch performances of the soloists were altered in four sections of the excerpt and deviated in either the sharp or flat direction within a section by 0, 10, 20, and 30 cents relative to the accompaniment. Listeners judged pitch deviations in the flat direction as more out of tune for the trumpet than equivalent alterations of violin and voice, especially for magnitudes of 20 and 30 cents. In sharp direction changes, violin and trumpet were heard similarly and as more out of tune than the vocal soloist. Additionally, differences in pitch judgments were found between listener groups representing different areas of applied study.

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Shiffman, Melvin A. "Superficial Liposculpture: Can it Be Dangerous?" American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 14, no. 4 (1997): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880689701400416.

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The paper presents a refresher on the Ten Commandments of Liposuction, and safe techniques for superficial liposculpture are also presented. Recent litigation and unsafe practices are discussed. Goode v. Goodstein illustrates that superficial liposculpture using undermining and sharp instruments should be avoided because it can cause permanent vascular damage, nerve damage, and scarring. Superficial liposculpture using tunnels and thin cannulas can be safely performed.

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Jiang, Wei, Jingyu Liu, Xiaoyi Zhang, Shuang Wang, and Yujian Jiang. "Analysis and Modeling of Timbre Perception Features in Musical Sounds." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (2020): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030789.

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A novel technique is proposed for the analysis and modeling of timbre perception features, including a new terminology system for evaluating timbre in musical instruments. This database consists of 16 expert and novice evaluation terms, including five pairs with opposite polarity. In addition, a material library containing 72 samples (including 37 Chinese orchestral instruments, 11 Chinese minority instruments, and 24 Western orchestral instruments) and a 54-sample objective acoustic parameter set were developed as part of the study. The method of successive categories was applied to each term for subjective assessment. A mathematical model of timbre perception features (i.e., bright or dark, raspy or mellow, sharp or vigorous, coarse or pure, and hoarse or consonant) was then developed for the first time using linear regression, support vector regression, a neural network, and random forest algorithms. Experimental results showed the proposed model accurately predicted these attributes. Finally, an improved technique for 3D timbre space construction is proposed. Auditory perception attributes for this 3D timbre space were determined by analyzing the correlation between each spatial dimension and the 16 timbre evaluation terms.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sharp instruments'

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