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1
Gwali, Sam. Cost-benefit analysis for shea butter use options in the districts of Abim, Agago, Kitgum and Otuke: Final report. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), 2016.
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2
1932-, Hall J. B., and University of Wales, Bangor. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences., eds. Vitellaria paradoxa: A monograph. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, 1996.
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3
Consultative Regional Workshop on Shea Product Quality and Production Certification System Design (2004 Bamako, Mali). Proceedings: Consultative Regional Workshop on Shea Product Quality and Production Certification System Design. FAO, 2006.
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4
Séminaire international sur le séchage et sur la valorisation du karité et de l'aiélé (1999 Ngaoundéré, Cameroon). Séminaire international sur le séchage et sur la valorisation du karité et de l'aiélé: Ngaoundéré, Cameroun, 1-3 décembre 1999. Presses universitaires de Yaoundé, 2000.
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5
Nerd, Avinoʻam. Inṭroduḳtsyah shel ʻatse peri ḥadashim: Duaḥ mesakem, 1985-1991. ha-Mekhonim le-meḥḳar shimushi, Universiṭat Ben-Guryon ba-Negev, 1991.
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editor, Bernstein Ilana, ред. ha-Himnon shel ha-ʻets ha-meguban: The anthem of the hunchback tree. Shulḥan ketivah, 2019.
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7
Alon, Azaria. ʻEts ṿa-śiaḥ: ʻetsim, śiḥim u-meṭapsim shel Erets-Yiśraʼel. ha-Ḥevrah la-haganat ha-ṭevaʻ, 1991.
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8
1943-, Westenholz Joan Goodnick, та Muzeʼon artsot ha-Miḳra (Jerusalem), ред. Birkat ha-arets ha-ṭovah: Shivʻat ha-minim shel Erets-Yiśraʼel. Muzeʼon artsot ha-Miḳra, 1998.
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9
Pollak, Amir. Sipurah he-ʻatsuv shel Yah-Yah: Parpar ṭaṿai ha-meshi : YaYa's sad story : Silkworm of the mulberry tree. Marom Tarbut Yiśreʼelit, 2016.
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10
Farhand, Moses. Sefer Birkat ha-Shem: Leket dine isur ḳetsitsat ilane maʼakhal ... Mosheh Yitsḥaḳ Farhand, 2001.
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Siman Ṭov ben Daṿid Daṿid. Sefer ʻAl pakim ḳeṭanim: Hilkhot bal tashḥit : ṿe-hu osef ṭahor mi-divre ha-posḳim, rishonim ṿe-aḥaronim, ʻim tsiyunim u-meḳorot u-maśa u-matan be-divre ha-posḳim ʻal ha-halakhot sheba-sefer uve-tosefet divre ḥokhmah u-musar. Siman Ṭov ben Daṿid Daṿid, 2000.
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13
ill, Innocenti Roberto, ed. Xiao qi cai shen. Ge lin wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 1997.
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14
Badayov, Ben Tsiyon. Sefer Shaʻare-Tsiyon: ʻal Birkat-ha-ilanot : kolel pisḳe dinim u-verure shiṭot ... uve-rosho seder ha-berakhah lefi nusaḥ ha-Sefaradim u-vene ʻadot ha-Mizraḥ : u-ferush ha-Rashba ʻal Hagadah shel Pesaḥ. B. Ts. Badayov, 1994.
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15
Wang, Mansheng. Shen shan xun gu mu: Lü Mei yi shu jia Wang Mansheng zuo pin ji = Deep in the mountains, searching for ancient trees : works of art by Wang Mansheng. Shanxi ren min chu ban she, 2014.
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16
Rogers, Hiromi T. Anjin - The Life and Times of Samurai William Adams, 1564-1620. Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9781898823858.
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The year is 1600. It is April and Japan’s iconic cherry trees are in full flower. A battered ship drifts on the tide into Usuki Bay in southern Japan. On board, barely able to stand, are twenty-three Dutchmen and one Englishman, the remnants of a fleet of five ships and 500 men that had set out from Rotterdam in 1598. The Englishman was William Adams, later to be known as Anjin Miura by the Japanese, whose subsequent transformation from wretched prisoner to one of the Shogun’s closest advisers is the centrepiece of this book. As a native of Japan, and a scholar of seventeenth-century Japanese history, the author delves deep into the cultural context facing Adams in what is one of the great examples of assimilation into the highest reaches of a foreign culture. Her access to Japanese sources, including contemporary accounts – some not previously seen by Western scholars researching the subject – offers us a fuller understanding of the life lived by William Adams as a high-ranking samurai and his grandstand view of the collision of cultures that led to Japan’s self-imposed isolation, lasting over two centuries. This is a highly readable account of Adams’ voyage to and twenty years in Japan and that is supported by detailed observations of Japanese culture and society at this time. New light is shed on Adams’ relations with the Dutch and his countrymen, including the disastrous relationship with Captain John Saris, the key role likely to have been played by the munitions, including cannon, removed from Adams’ ship De Liefde in the great battle of Sekigahara (September 1600), the shipbuilding skills that enabled Japan to advance its international maritime ambitions, as well as the scientific and technical support Adams was able to provide in the refining process of Japan’s gold and silver.
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giving, tree. Tree Giving Cover : Note Book: Art Cover of Shel Silverstein Book. Independently Published, 2021.
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23
Powers, Janet M. Kites over the Mango Tree. Praeger, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400675904.
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Hindu nationalists in the west Indian state of Gujarat repudiate the pluralist vision of Gandhi and Nehru and foment state-sponsored violence and ethnic cleansing against Muslims and Christians. In 2002, the burning to death of 59 rightwing Hindu militants in a train in Gujarat set off waves of state-condoned communal riots in which as many as 2,000 predominantly Muslim Gujaratis were murdered and 200,000 made homeless. In the wake of these atrocities, secular peace-building organizations have redoubled their efforts to heal the rift between Hindus and Muslims in Gujarat. A certified mediator, Janet Powers bases her book on interviews with workers in twenty of these peace-building NGOs and grassroots peace organizations, which are locked in struggle with politicized Hindu religious organizations largely funded by money raised in the United States. This is the first book to examine Hindu-Muslim relations in Gujarat in the frame of ongoing peace and conflict resolution efforts. Gujarat is the state of origin of most of the entrepreneurial Indians who own motels, convenience stores, and gas stations in the United States and United Kingdom. Much of the funding for the rightwing Hindu parties that foment extremist violence, ethnic cleansing, and re-conversion campaigns against the Muslim and Christian minorities in Gujarat comes from Gujarati expatriates in the U.S. and UK. Gujarat is the home of Mahatma Gandhi, who was assassinated in 1948 by an agent of the RSS, a violently anti-Muslim Hindu nationalist organization that flourishes today in Gujarat in virulent association with the ruling BJP and VHP parties. Equally dangerous to the peace of Gujarat are violent Wahhabist organizations based in Pakistan but operating in India. Powers assesses the prospects for long-term healing in Gujarat based on historical precedents, and she applies the lessons of Gujarati grassroots peace-building organizations in Gujarat to zones of state-sponsored religious conflict in other parts of the world.
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Zydroń, Tymoteusz. Wpływ systemów korzeniowych wybranych gatunków drzew na przyrost wytrzymałości gruntu na ścinanie. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-46-5.
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The aim of the paper was to determine the influence of root systems of chosen tree species found in the Polish Flysch Carpathians on the increase of soil shear strength (root cohesion) in terms of slope stability. The paper's goal was achieved through comprehensive tests on root systems of eight relatively common in the Polish Flysch Carpathians tree species. The tests that were carried out included field work, laboratory work and analytical calculations. As part of the field work, the root area ratio (A IA) of the roots was determined using the method of profiling the walls of the trench at a distance of about 1.0 m from the tree trunk. The width of the. trenches was about 1.0 m, and their depth depended on the ground conditions and ranged from 0.6 to 1.0 m below the ground level. After preparing the walls of the trench, the profile was divided into vertical layers with a height of 0.1 m, within which root diameters were measured. Roots with diameters from 1 to 10 mm were taken into consideration in root area ratio calculations in accordance with the generally accepted methodology for this type of tests. These measurements were made in Biegnik (silver fir), Ropica Polska (silver birch, black locust) and Szymbark (silver birch, European beech, European hornbeam, silver fir, sycamore maple, Scots pine, European spruce) located near Gorlice (The Low Beskids) in areas with unplanned forest management. In case of each tested tree species the samples of roots were taken, transported to the laboratory and then saturated with water for at least one day. Before testing the samples were obtained from the water and stretched in a. tensile testing machine in order to determine their tensile strength and flexibility. In general, over 2200 root samples were tested. The results of tests on root area ratio of root systems and their tensile strength were used to determine the value of increase in shear strength of the soils, called root cohesion. To this purpose a classic Wu-Waldron calculation model was used as well as two types of bundle models, the so called static model (Fiber Bundle Model — FIRM, FBM2, FBM3) and the deformation model (Root Bundle Model— RBM1, RBM2, mRBM1) that differ in terms of the assumptions concerning the way the tensile force is distributed to the roots as well as the range of parameters taken into account during calculations. The stability analysis of 8 landslides in forest areas of Cicikowicleie and Wignickie Foothills was a form of verification of relevance of the obtained calculation results. The results of tests on root area ratio in the profile showed that, as expected, the number of roots in the soil profile and their ApIA values are very variable. It was shown that the values of the root area ratio of the tested tree species with a diameter 1-10 ram are a maximum of 0.8% close to the surface of the ground and they decrease along with the depth reaching the values at least one order of magnitude lower than close to the surface at the depth 0.5-1.0 m below the ground level. Average values of the root area ratio within the soil profile were from 0.05 to 0.13% adequately for Scots pine and European beech. The measured values of the root area ratio are relatively low in relation to the values of this parameter given in literature, which is probably connected with great cohesiveness of the soils and the fact that there were a lot of rock fragments in the soil, where the tests were carried out. Calculation results of the Gale-Grigal function indicate that a distribution of roots in the soil profile is similar for the tested species, apart from the silver fir from Bie§nik and European hornbeam. Considering the number of roots, their distribution in the soil profile and the root area ratio it appears that — considering slope stability — the root systems of European beech and black locust are the most optimal, which coincides with tests results given in literature. The results of tensile strength tests showed that the roots of the tested tree species have different tensile strength. The roots of European beech and European hornbeam had high tensile strength, whereas the roots of conifers and silver birch in deciduous trees — low. The analysis of test results also showed that the roots of the studied tree species are characterized by high variability of mechanical properties. The values Of shear strength increase are mainly related to the number and size (diameter) of the roots in the soil profile as well as their tensile strength and pullout resistance, although they can also result from the used calculation method (calculation model). The tests showed that the distribution of roots in the soil and their tensile strength are characterized by large variability, which allows the conclusion that using typical geotechnical calculations, which take into consideration the role of root systems is exposed to a high risk of overestimating their influence on the soil reinforcement. hence, while determining or assuming the increase in shear strength of soil reinforced with roots (root cohesion) for design calculations, a conservative (careful) approach that includes the most unfavourable values of this parameter should be used. Tests showed that the values of shear strength increase of the soil reinforced with roots calculated using Wu-Waldron model in extreme cases are three times higher than the values calculated using bundle models. In general, the most conservative calculation results of the shear strength increase were obtained using deformation bundle models: RBM2 (RBMw) or mRBM1. RBM2 model considers the variability of strength characteristics of soils described by Weibull survival function and in most cases gives the lowest values of the shear strength increase, which usually constitute 50% of the values of shear strength increase determined using classic Wu-Waldron model. Whereas the second model (mRBM1.) considers averaged values of roots strength parameters as well as the possibility that two main mechanism of destruction of a root bundle - rupture and pulling out - can occur at the same. time. The values of shear strength increase calculated using this model were the lowest in case of beech and hornbeam roots, which had high tensile strength. It indicates that in the surface part of the profile (down to 0.2 m below the ground level), primarily in case of deciduous trees, the main mechanism of failure of the root bundle will be pulling out. However, this model requires the knowledge of a much greater number of geometrical parameters of roots and geotechnical parameters of soil, and additionally it is very sensitive to input data. Therefore, it seems practical to use the RBM2 model to assess the influence of roots on the soil shear strength increase, and in order to obtain safe results of calculations in the surface part of the profile, the Weibull shape coefficient equal to 1.0 can be assumed. On the other hand, the Wu-Waldron model can be used for the initial assessment of the shear strength increase of soil reinforced with roots in the situation, where the deformation properties of the root system and its interaction with the soil are not considered, although the values of the shear strength increase calculated using this model should be corrected and reduced by half. Test results indicate that in terms of slope stability the root systems of beech and hornbeam have the most favourable properties - their maximum effect of soil reinforcement in the profile to the depth of 0.5 m does not usually exceed 30 kPa, and to the depth of 1 m - 20 kPa. The root systems of conifers have the least impact on the slope reinforcement, usually increasing the soil shear strength by less than 5 kPa. These values coincide to a large extent with the range of shear strength increase obtained from the direct shear test as well as results of stability analysis given in literature and carried out as part of this work. The analysis of the literature indicates that the methods of measuring tree's root systems as well as their interpretation are very different, which often limits the possibilities of comparing test results. This indicates the need to systematize this type of tests and for this purpose a root distribution model (RDM) can be used, which can be integrated with any deformation bundle model (RBM). A combination of these two calculation models allows the range of soil reinforcement around trees to be determined and this information might be used in practice, while planning bioengineering procedures in areas exposed to surface mass movements. The functionality of this solution can be increased by considering the dynamics of plant develop¬ment in the calculations. This, however, requires conducting this type of research in order to obtain more data.
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Lane, Belden C. The Great Conversation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842673.001.0001.
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Thomas Berry lamented that humans have dropped out of the Great Conversation with the rest of the natural world. We’ve objectified a world of things—imagining they exist solely for human use. If nature speaks, we are no longer listening. Yet the saints of the great spiritual traditions have long perceived trees, islands, rivers, and canyons as teachers, mirroring the inner world of the soul. Hildegard of Bingen attended to the greening power of trees. Ignatius Loyola was shaped by a cave experience. The Baal Shem Tov spoke the languages of birds, plants, and clouds. Focusing on a cottonwood tree as his own principal tutor, Belden Lane asks how the masters incorporated these earthy mentors into their spiritual lives. He backpacks into wild terrain to experience the power these nature archetypes had for them. Hiking through a recently burned Wyoming forest, for example, he understands Catherine of Siena’s fascination with fire as an image of the Divine. The book asks how spiritual guides in nature can serve us at various stages of our lives: As the child longs to fly like a bird; the adolescent seeks to flame out like a star; the adult needs the river’s flow; the elder ascends the mountain. All of these demand intensive soul work. Reconnecting with nature is the great ecological and spiritual necessity of our times. The earth and our souls depend upon it. As Stephen Jay Gould affirms, “We won’t fight to save what we haven’t learned to love.”
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Hardy, Thomas, and Penny Boumelha. Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Edited by Simon Gatrell and Juliet Grindle. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199537051.001.0001.
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‘She looked absolutely pure. Nature, in her fantastic trickery, had set such a seal of maidenhood upon Tess s countenance that he gazed at her with a stupefied air: “Tess– say it is not true! No, it is not true!”’ Young Tess Durbeyfield attempts to restore her family's fortunes by claiming their connection with the aristocratic d'Urbervilles. But Alec d'Urberville is a rich wastrel who seduces her and makes her life miserable. When Tess meets Angel Clare, she is offered true love and happiness, but her past catches up with her and she faces an agonizing moral choice. Hardy's indictment of society's double standards, and his depiction of Tess as ‘a pure woman’, caused controversy in his day and has held the imagination of readers ever since. Hardy thought it his finest novel, and Tess the most deeply felt character he ever created. This unique critical text is taken from the authoritative Clarendon edition, which is based on the manuscript collated with all Hardy's subsequent revisions.
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Hiltebeitel, Alf. Two-Times-Three Dead Mother Texts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190878337.003.0003.
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Against the backdrop of three of Freud’s rare texts that address the topic of dead mothers, chapter 3 treats in counterpoint three dead mother texts from the Mahābhārata. All three feature Kuntī, but she is the only one alive among a line of really dead or divine past mothers in the Pāṇḍava lineage. It introduces other women, including the fish-born Satyavatī and the goddess Gaṅgā. The most important dead mother text is the third, in an episode during the Pāṇḍavas’ year in concealment. Arjuna directs Nakula to hide their weapons in a śamī tree, then they spread the rumor of having put the stinky corpse of their 180-year-old mother in the tree to hide the weapons and repel others. The chapter considers which mother is meant by this and discusses it as an example of Vedic ritual humor, as well as what Freud describes as “uncanny.”
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Schnider, Armin. The reality of Mrs B. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789680.003.0001.
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The case of a 63-year-old woman with severe confabulation and reality confusion after rupture of an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery is described. It shows how pervasive and disruptive the disorder can be. The patient falsely reported recent activities and fiercely enacted obligations she had actually held 20 years previously. Imagined activities were reported as true experiences. In contrast, she did not confabulate in response to questions of general knowledge or about her remote past—a first indication of there being different forms of confabulation. She returned to reality after 17 months, although she remained severely amnesic.
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Mordden, Ethan. The Second Movie. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190651794.003.0007.
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This chapter discusses the history of the second Chicago movie, Roxie Hart (1942). This film is a notable deviation from how the various Chicagos look at Roxie’s character, because here, for the first and only time, she is not a sociopath. True, she is still brusque and insolent, and especially contemptuous of Amos. But she is not a walking con job. Previously, Roxies wanted to get off even though they were guilty. This Roxie wants to get off because she is innocent; she has agreed to let the press and the law paint her as a murderess only to become notorious and thus break into show business. And there lies Roxie Hart’s most significant deviation, the first linking of crime and show biz that will prove so potent in the musical Chicago.
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Bateman, Benjamin. The Invitation’s Success. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676537.003.0005.
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This chapter argues that E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India conceives survival not as an individual and competitive struggle but as a careful succession of creaturely life. As Mrs. Moore cultivates intimate contact with wasps, trees, and bacteria in India, she comes to see her life as both fundamentally intertwined with the lives of other creatures and constituted by organisms that preceded her in time. Thinking survival in collective terms, she breaks with the rigid racial hierarchies of the British Empire and splinters into a multitude of rallying cries for, and echoes of, Indian independence.
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Mordden, Ethan. The Play. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190651794.003.0004.
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This chapter discusses the life and career of Chicago’s playwright, Maurine Watkins. Against the backdrop of the era at the time of Chicago’s writing, her profile suggests a breakaway personality. She left her home and family to try for a writing career, competing with men as a reporter on a fast-and-furious big-city newspaper and generally going after what she wanted with a resolve unusual in those steeped in small-scale township values and a religious upbringing. Yet Watkins was not a flapper. In fact, her life completely upends the twenties stereotype of the insurgent maiden slicing away at received notions of womanhood. Watkins’ hair was bobbed and she had her own way of doing things, no matter what men told her. But she compacted with no new gods and made no rumpus in the temples. Here was a true individual: even her nonconformism was nonconformist.
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Altman, Meryl. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036347.003.0026.
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I started [writing] a vast novel; the heroine was to live through all my own experiences; she was to be awakened to the meaning of “the true life,” enter into conflict with her environment, then be disillusioned by everything: action, love, knowledge. I never knew what the ending was because I ran out of time and gave up halfway through....
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Franzen, Trisha. Apprenticeship in the National American Woman Suffrage Association (1890–1903). University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038150.003.0005.
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This chapter describes events in the life of Anna Howard Shaw from 1890 to 1903. In 1890, Shaw joined Susan B. Anthony and other suffrage workers in South Dakota for her first state suffrage campaign. Though the rigors of this campaign tested even Shaw's adaptability, at forty-three, Shaw was at her peak in terms of health and vigor. She embraced her new calling, her new pulpit, and her new form of ministry. She was quickly becoming the movement's new voice, a leader whose nonelite origins gave her a remarkable ability to translate women's demands into appeals understandable to a diversity of Americans. Her strengths as a speaker and the depth of her commitments to women's causes were put to the test here, but she toughed it out as a true daughter of the frontier.
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Celentano, Jillian Rae. Transitioning Later in Life. Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781805016113.
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“This is my personal guide to help face who you are, accept who you are and love who you are, so you can watch your dreams and accomplishments flourish... If I can do it, you can do it too.” Jillian Celentano lived most of her life not accepting who she was. Since beginning her transition at the age of 55, she has been able to live authentically as her true self. In this helpful and practical guide, she offers advice to other people who are transitioning later in life. Drawing on her personal experiences, she explores topics such as coming out to children, spouses and family, coming out at work, finding your authentic voice, experimenting with style and clothing, and stepping out in public for the first time. She explains how to deal with clocking and discrimination, body dysphoria and the importance of maintaining your physical and mental health. With candour and warmth throughout, this book will support readers on their path to self-love, happiness and acceptance.
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Estelle Frankel, Valerie, ed. Jews in Popular Science Fiction. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666997460.
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This book analyzes Jewish tropes in popular science fiction ranging from Star Trek and Marvel to other prominent franchises. Sometimes the representation is subtle and thought-provoking; other times, it is limited to cliché and oversimplification of characters. The chapters in this collection examine the representation of Jewish characters in films and franchises including Superman, Lord of the Rings, The Mandalorian, The Twilight Zone, and more to shed light on the broad range of representations of the Jewish experience in popular science fiction and fantasy.
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Seliktar, Ofira. Doomed to Failure? ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400642227.
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This ground-breaking book examines how and why the much-vaunted Oslo Peace Accords between the Israelis and Palestinians collapsed. The author analyzes the players on both sides of the accords, pointing out the attitudes and actions that serve to undermine peace and promote conflict. On the one hand, she criticizes the Islamist organizations Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad for not tolerating the idea of any true long-term peace with Israel. On the other hand, she scrutinizes the factions for and against Oslo that developed within Israeli government circles, and she calls into question the ability of Israeli intelligence to correctly assess the Palestinian negotiators. By means of such examination, this book poses a fundamental question: Can Islamic fundamentalism ever accept the existence of Israel or will it short-circuit any prospect of peace between majority-Muslim states and their non-Muslim counterparts?
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Friedlander, Jennifer. An Uncertain Indeterminacy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190676124.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on the controversy surrounding Yale University senior Aliza Shvartz, who made international headlines when reports circulated that her senior-year art project documented a year in which she frequently tried to impregnate herself while taking herbs to induce a miscarriage. At the heart of the uproar lies a fundamental uncertainty as to the reality of the documented event. In particular, claims that the piece was a “hoax” imply that she performed a mere dissimulation rather than, as Shvartz herself suggests, a true simulation. This case also serves as an opportunity to assess the political implications of artistic forms in which tensions between claims of realism and deception emerge, and it helps us to attend to difficulties encountered in the deployment of both dissimulation and simulation as strategies for upsetting the social order.
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Fontana, Biancamaria. A Passion for Politics. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691169040.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter provides an account of Germaine de Staël's approach to politics that brings out the independence and originality of her contribution. Its main focus is the evolution of her views in the years 1789 to 1800, when she had the opportunity to take part (albeit intermittently) in French political life, and to set forth projects and strategies connected with it. The chapter touches only on Staël's best-known—and more widely studied—fictional and literary works, though naturally these do also have some political relevance. It has been suggested that the protracted exile into which she was forced during the empire was at the origin of Staël's major literary achievements, as it provided her with both the opportunity and the incentive to develop her true potential as a writer.
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Sepielli, Andrew. How Moral Uncertaintism Can Be Both True and Interesting. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808930.003.0006.
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Several philosophers have tried to develop a framework for decision-making in the face of fundamental moral uncertainty. Critics argue that the project is misguided, as it assumes that there’s a kind of “subjective” rightness that depends on which moral views might be true (rather than which ones are true). This chapter replies to some such criticisms presented by Elizabeth Harman. Harman argues that “moral uncertaintists” seem committed to counterintuitive views about what’s right and what we’re culpable for, and that the only way of modifying the uncertaintist position to escape these commitments renders it uninteresting. However, uncertaintism can avoid these counterintuitive implications by focusing on epistemic probabilities of moral claims rather than subjective ones, and by positing different “orders” of subjective rightness. Further, the version of uncertaintism Harman calls “uninteresting” is not; it specifies what would count as one’s best try at doing what she has objective reason to do.
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Waters, Kristin. Maria W. Stewart and the Roots of Black Political Thought. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496836748.001.0001.
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In 1833 Maria W. Stewart told a gathering at the African Masonic Hall on Boston’s Beacon Hill, “African rights and liberty is a subject that ought to fire the breast of every free man of color in these United States.” She held that the founding principles of the United States must extend to all people, otherwise they are merely the hypocritical expression of an ungodly white power. This first-ever biography of a profoundly significant writer explores her early life as an indentured servant in Hartford, Connecticut. Later, she defied adversity, journeying to Boston where she met and married a wealthy commercial agent and former seaman and became a powerful force within the lively black community on Beacon Hill’s North Slope. Between 1831-1833 Stewart’s “intellectual productions” ranged across topics including true emancipation for African Americans, abolition, the hypocrisy of white Christianity, black liberation theology, and gender inequity. Along with David Walker’s Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, (1829), her body of work constitutes a significant foundation for black radical politics.
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Haddad, Youssef A. Subject-Oriented Attitude Datives in Social Context. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474434072.003.0005.
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The focus of this chapter is on Levantine Arabic attitude datives that take the subject of the construction in which they occur as a referent. The chapter analyzes specific instances of subject-oriented attitude datives as used in different types of social acts. It shows that when a speaker uses these datives in representatives (i.e., statements that may be assessed as true or false), she expresses an evaluative attitude toward an event as either unimportant/trivial or unexpected/surprising, based on her familiarity with the subject of that event and her expectations of that subject. When a speaker uses the same datives in directives (e.g., requests), she evaluates the potential cost of the action required by her utterance as minimal compared to any potential gain. All social functions are contingent on contextual factors, including the sociocultural, situational, and co-textual context.
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Driver, Julia. The “Consequentialism” in “Epistemic Consequentialism”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779681.003.0006.
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Driver compares ethical and epistemic consequentialism in order to get clearer on the latter’s view on the relationship between the epistemic right and the epistemic good. She notes that the process reliabilist is a kind of epistemic consequentialist that is able to avoid a number of objections to consequentialism adapted from the ethical literature. It does this by evaluating beliefs indirectly with reference to processes, and then processes directly with reference to the beliefs they tend to produce. But she worries that such a picture may be unmotivated: why think that beliefs are to be evaluated in one way, while processes are to be evaluated in another? One answer lies in a sophisticated form of consequentialism on which the good of true belief is taken to be a regulative aim, and where that notion of goodness is separate from issues concerning epistemic blame.
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Wagner-Martin, Linda. Barbara Kingsolver’s World. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798765113844.
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A revised edition of Linda Wagner-Martin’s comprehensive study of the novels, stories, essays and poetry of American author Barbara Kingsolver. Now updated so that coverage runs from Kingsolver’s first novel, The Bean Trees, through to her most recent, Demon Copperhead. Author of the only biography of Barbara Kingsolver and of a reader’s guide to The Poisonwood Bible, Wagner-Martin has become the leading authority on this Pulitzer-prize-wining author. Here she covers every work in Kingsolver’s oeuvre, emphasizing the writer’s blend of the scientific method in which she was formally trained with her convincing understanding of the human characters that fill her books. What Kingsolver achieves throughout all her writing is a seamless blending of the various parts of human existence. She melds important themes through parts and pieces of the natural world—the African snakes, the Monarch butterflies, the coyotes in Deanna Wolfe’s existence. Repeatedly Kingsolver writes to create both characters and the characters’ worlds, bringing all these pieces into masterful, and whole, realities. This edition includes two new chapters - one on her 2018 novel, Unsheltered, and the second on her 2022 novel, Demon Copperhead - and is the first study of Kingsolver to publish since she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2023.
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Saadawi, Nawal El. Woman at Point Zero. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755651511.
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Firdaus is on death row. Her crime, the murder of a man. Born to poverty in a rural Egyptian village, her childhood dreams and ambitions had been met with neglect and abuse by the world and the men who rule it. Driven to sex work to support herself, she is faced with the moral outrage of society and the bitter knowledge that for a woman, true freedom comes only when all hope is abandoned. In Nawal El Saadawi’s landmark novel, Woman at Point Zero, published here with a new foreword, Firdaus tells her unforgettable story.
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Sainsbury, Mark. Attitudes on Display. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198732570.003.0010.
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Intentional states are representational states, involving the exercise of conceptual structures, which are vehicles of representation. Structures evaluable as true or false are called “thoughts”. We can describe two categories of intentional states: those involving thoughts, call them “propositional attitudes”, and those not involving thoughts, call them “objectual attitudes”. We can distinguish among attributions of attitudes between those that involve full sentential complements, like “She believes that it will rain today” (call these “sentential attributions”), and those like “She wants rain” which do not (call these “non-sentential attributions”). Are the kinds of attribution fundamentally different? The main claim of the chapter is that they are not. In both kinds of attribution a conceptual structure is put on display, and the attribution is correct just if the displayed structure is suitably related to the structure in the intentional state of the subject of the attribution.
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Fleming, Ruven, Kars de Graaf, Edwin Woerdman, and Leigh Hancher, eds. A Force of Energy. University of Groningen Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/61eff4099c992.
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This book is a Liber Amicorum for Martha Roggenkamp, Professor of Energy Law at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. The chapters in this book celebrate her unique contribution to energy law. Martha Roggenkamp is a true force of energy, both personally and professionally. Her chair in energy law at the University of Groningen was the first in the Netherlands. She co-established the Dutch Energy Law Association and co-founded the Groningen Centre of Energy Law and Sustainability. With a formidable range of seminal publications, building on a large number of externally funded research projects, and of course her hearty laugh, she is one of the leading women in energy law in the Netherlands, in Europe and beyond. The chapters in this book showcase the diversity of the subject matter, the high academic standards as well as the connections that Martha Roggenkamp has nurtured across decades and continents.
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Hanna, Jason. Insult and Equality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190877132.003.0003.
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This chapter critically assesses three related objections to paternalism: that paternalism is prompted by insulting motives (the motive-based objection), that paternalism expresses an insulting message (the expressive objection), and that paternalism denies the moral equality of those subject to it (the status-based objection). Such objections have been pressed most prominently by Seana Shiffrin and Jonathan Quong. This chapter argues that none of these insult-based objections shows that there is anything even presumptively wrong about successful paternalistic intervention. Three of its central arguments are that the paternalist agent’s motives are probably irrelevant to the permissibility of her behavior, that any message expressed by effective paternalistic intervention is likely to be true and thus unobjectionable, and that treating someone as though she is unlikely to make a good choice does not involve denying that she possesses capacities that are important to her status as an equal.
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Collins, Wilkie. No Name. Edited by Virginia Blain. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199536733.001.0001.
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Magdalen Vanstone and her sister Norah learn the true meaning of social stigma in Victorian England only after the traumatic discovery that their dearly loved parents, whose sudden deaths have left them orphans, were not married at the time of their birth. Disinherited by law and brutally ousted from Combe-Raven, the idyllic country estate which has been their peaceful home since childhood, the two young women are left to fend for themselves. While the submissive Norah follows a path of duty and hardship as a governess, her high-spirited and rebellious younger sister has made other decisions. Determined to regain her rightful inheritance at any cost, Magdalen uses her unconventional beauty and dramatic talent in recklessly pursuing her revenge. Aided by the audacious swindler Captain Wragge, she braves a series of trials leading up to the climactic test: can she trade herself in marriage to the man she loathes? Written in the early 1860s, between The Woman in White and The Moonstone, No Name was rejected as immoral by critics of its time, but is today regarded as a novel of outstanding social insight, showing Collins at the height of his powers.
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Braddon, Mary Elizabeth. Lady Audley’s Secret. Edited by Lyn Pykett. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199577033.001.0001.
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It only rests with yourself to become Lady Audley, and the mistress of Audley Court.’ When beautiful young Lucy Graham accepts the hand of Sir Michael Audley, her fortune and her future look secure. But Lady Audley’s past is shrouded in mystery, and to Sir Michael’s nephew Robert, she is not all that she seems. When his good friend George Talboys suddenly disappears, Robert is determined to find him, and to unearth the truth. His quest reveals a tangled story of lies and deception, crime and intrigue, whose sensational twists turn the conventional picture of Victorian womanhood on its head. Can Robert’s darkest suspicions really be true? Lady Audley’s Secret was an immediate bestseller, and readers have enjoyed its thrilling plot ever since its first publication in 1862. This new edition explores Braddon’s portrait of her scheming heroine in the context of the nineteenth-century sensation novel and the lively, often hostile debates it provoked.