Journal articles: 'Shear lag effect'

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Szumigała, M., and K. Ciesielczyk. "Shear Lag Effect In The Numerical Experiment." Archives of Civil Engineering 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0023.

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AbstractThe standard PN-EN 1993-1-5: 2008 (Eurocode 3) compared with the standard (PN-B-03200: 1990) used previously in Poland, introduces extended rules referring to the computations of the bearing capacity of the plated structural elements including the shear lag effect. The stress distribution in the width flanges is variable. Therefore in the case of the beam with the shear lag effect cannot be calculated by the classic beam theory.In this article a comparison of the results of the calculations of forces distribution, stresses and displacement according to the rule presented in PN-EN 1993 and results of the numerical computations for 3D model (using finite element method) is presented. The elastic shear lag effects, the elastic shear lag effects including effects of the plate buckling and the elastic-plastic shear lag effects including the local instabilities were analysed. The calculations were performed for beams with a small and a large span and an influence of stiffeners was analysed.

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Qiao, Peng. "Influence of Shear Lag and Shear Deformation Effects on Deflection of Composite Box Girder with Corrugated Steel Webs." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.985.

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The shear lag and shear deformation effects on deflection of composite girder with corrugated steel webs (CGCSW) was studied. The influence of shear lag and shear deformation effect was expressed by deflection coefficient δ1 and δ2. Parametric analysis within a scope of dimensions of built-in girders was performed, including girder span, width, height, thickness of concrete flange and thickness of steel web. The results show that the deflection coefficient of shear lag effect is approximately directly proportional to square of width-span ratio, while the deflection coefficient of shear deformation effect is related to all parameters. It’s suggested that shear lag effect on CGCSW’s deflection be neglected when width-span ratio is smaller than 1/9, and shear deformation effect should always be considered.

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Zhang, Yun Guo, and Ying Nan Li. "Analysis on Shear Lag Effect of Box Girder Subject to Dynamic Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.811.

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Shear lag effect of box girders under static, transient dynamic load and harmonic dynamic load has been studied, respectively, through finite element method. Shear lag effects under different load conditions were compared and dynamic loading influence on shear lag was analyzed. The results show that the dynamic load has great influence on shear lag of thin box girder that can not be neglected. During the research, the eyesight was transfer from the conventional static load to the dynamic load to study the shear lag problem of box girder. The research conclusions will be useful for the design and construction of bridges and will enrich the design theory of box girder.

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Lu, Hailin, Heng Cai, Zheng Tang, and Zijun Nan. "Experimental study and finite element analysis on shear lag effect of thin-walled curved box beam under vehicle loads." MATEC Web of Conferences 169 (2018): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816901040.

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Shear lag effects of curved box beam under vehicle loads are investigated by using three-dimensional finite element method, where 4 parameters of vehicle loads, load size, vehicle speed, vehicle load position, load types, are considered. The change rules of stress distribution and shear lag coefficients of upper flange at mid-span are obtained when the loads move to the mid-span. The results indicate that under vehicle loads, the peak shear lag coefficients is at the junction between the flange and web, shear lag effect is prominent, shear lag effect is greatly influenced by vehicle speed and vehicle load position, while load size and load types almost don’t affect shear lag coefficients but do affect the stress. The model experiment of a cantilever curved box beam is carried out to compare with finite element analysis, and the error between them is small, which testify the validity and reliability of finite element model.

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Lin, Li Xia, Yuan Hai Zhang, Ya Ping Wu, and Nan Hong Ding. "Approximate Deflection Calculation of Variable Box Section Girder Considering the Effect of Shear Lag and Shear Deformation." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 967–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.967.

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Based on the equivalent stiffness and equivalent stiffness ratio method, an approximate method suitable for hand calculation is proposed to calculate the deflection of variable box section girder bearing load, in which, the double effects of shear lag and shear deformation can be taken into account. It shows that the deflection calculated by elementary beam theory without considering shear lag effect and the shear deformation is smaller, comparing to results calculated by the approximate method proposed in the paper. For such variable box sections girder, transverse shear deformation effect is greater than the shear lag effect when calculating the deflection. The approximate method offers a simple and effective calculating method for the design of box girder with variable cross section, in which, analysis formula can be applied in engineering practice through simple revision.

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Chen, Mu, Jiang Hong Xue, and Neng Gan. "Entity Analysis of Shear Lag about Grooved Beam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.533.

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We establish the entity model of groove beams in Midas FEA. Then we compare and analysis the shear lag effect of prestressed reinforcement caused in different locations. It can provide some suggestions for prestressed rib of groove beams. The result shows that when the prestressed steel beam is located in the middle of small beam, the effect of shear lag is maximum and the shear lag effects of prestressed in two ends are similar, Prestressed reinforcement can be arrangement refer to the results.

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Zhou, Shi-Jun. "Effect of Construction Method on Shear Lag in Prestressed Concrete Box Girders." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/273295.

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Most of the previous researches conducted on shear lag of box girders were only concerned about simple types of structures, such as simply supported and cantilever beams. The structural systems concerned in these previous researches were considered as determined and unchangeable. In this paper, a finite element method considering shear lag and creep of concrete was presented to analyze the effect of dynamic construction process on shear lag in different types of concrete box-girder bridges. The shear lag effect of the three types of a two-span continuous concrete beam classified by construction methods was analyzed in detail according to construction process. Also, a three-span prestressed concrete box-girder bridge was analyzed according to the actual construction process. The shear lag coefficients and stresses on cross sections along the beam including shear lag were obtained. The different construction methods, the changes of structural system with the construction process, the changes of loading and boundary conditions with the construction process and time, the prestressing, and creep were all imitated in the calculations. From comparisons between the results for beams using different construction methods, useful conclusions were made.

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Zhang, Yu Hong, Zi Jiang Yang, and Shi Zhong Liu. "Stress Concentration and Deflection of Box Girder under Shear Lag Effect." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2761.

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The shear lag effect on box girders has been studied by quite a few researchers for many years. However, most of studies are related to shear lag formulas and analytical methods and very few have investigated the effect of stress concentration and deflection. The present study investigates the stress concentration and deflection under shear lag effect in a continuous box girder and a simply supported beam by using the three-dimensional finite element method. The whole girder is modeled by shell elements, and an extensive parametric study with respect to the geometry of a box girder is carried out. The influence of finite element mesh on the shear lag is carefully treated by the multi-mesh extrapolation method.

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Dezi, Luigino, Fabrizio Gara, and Graziano Leoni. "Shear-lag effect in twin-girder composite decks." Steel and Composite Structures 3, no. 2 (April 25, 2003): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2003.3.2.111.

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Wu, You Ming, Yong Jun Lu, and Han Shi. "Shear Lag Effect of Continuous Curved Box Girder with Initial Curvature." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1701.

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The homogeneous solutions of the governing differential equations for shear lag are used as the displacement patterns of the finite segment are presented. A finite segment model with consideration of initial curvature, bending, torsion and shear lag is established. In addition, the tests of the two-span continuous curved box girder and numerical calculations of the model tests by finite segment method and finite element method are made. The results of the model tests and numerical calculation are consistent with each other. An actual example was given to investigate the shear lag effect of a continuous curved box girder under load. The research results show that the initial curvature has an obvious influence on the shear lag effect of a continuous curved box girder.

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Zhou, Wang Bao, Li Zhong Jiang, and Zhi Huang. "Study of Free Vibration Characteristic of Continuous Box-Girder Based on Hamilton Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.476.

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Based on Hamilton principle, the differential equation of free vibration and the corresponding boundary conditions of continuous box girder with consideration for the shear lag effect meeting self-equilibrated stress, shear deformation as well as rotational inertia were induced. The ANSYS finite element solutions were compared with the analytical solutions by calculation examples and the validity of the proposed approach was verified. The obtained formulas developed the shear lag theory. Some meaningful conclusions for engineering design were obtained. The contribution of the shear lag effect decreases each order natural frequency of the continuous box-girder, at the same time the higher the order natural frequency is, the greater the influence of shear lag effect on natural frequency of continuous box-girder is. The shear-lag effect of continuous box girder increases when frequency order rises, and increases while span-width ratio decreases.

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Zhang, Yu Ping, and Chuan Xi Li. "Influence of Main Structural Dimension on the Shear Lag Effect of Box Girder Used in Cable-Stayed Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1483.

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Through simulating box girder with shell element, the influence of the top flangebottom flange and web thickness on the shear lag effect of box girder used in cable-stayed bridge was discussed on the background of Jianning bridge in Zhuzhou. Parameter analysis of the thickness change of the top flange, bottom flange and web on shear lag effect of box girder was based on analyzing and comparing the calculated results. The results show that the thickness change of the top flange, bottom flange and web have more influence on the shear lag effect of top flange than that of bottom flange; thickness increase of bottom flange and web can make the shear lag effect intensified obviously; and thickness change of web has the most significant influence on the shear lag effect among them for box girder with single box and three rooms used in cable-stayed bridges.

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Li, Yi Sheng, Jun Ping Wang, Wei Liu, and Jian Ming Shen. "The Finite Element Analysis on Shear-Lag Effect of the Steel Box-Girder." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 815–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.815.

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The shear-lag effect of steel box-girder is qualitatively analyzed by using the finite element software ANSYS. Various methods to reduce the shear-lag effect are studied, and the most effective method is changing the web layout and increasing the number of box-room among them. The suggested value of effective width to thickness ratio b1/t1 of the flange without considering the shear-lag effect are obtained in this paper.

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Su, Qiang, and Ya Ping Wu. "Influence of Compression-Flexure to Shear Lag Effect of Box Beam." Advanced Materials Research 181-182 (January 2011): 857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.181-182.857.

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In this paper, the differential equations of box beams are established based on the principle of minimum potential energy and the variational method. The elastic stiffness matrix and geometric stiffness matrix considering shear lag and compression-flexure effects are induced in this paper. And a finite element program is developed. Then the influence of compression-flexure effects to shear lag effect of box beam is analyzed.

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Zhang, Yu Hong, Zi Jiang Yang, and Shi Zhong Liu. "Shear Lag in Thin-Walled Box Girder with Variable Section." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1165.

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In this paper, a equivalent-section method of analyzing shear lag effects in box girders is presented. The effect of two major parameters on shear lag is investigated for cantilever and continuous box girders with variable section under two kinds of loads. It is shown that the span-width ratio, in addition to the flange stiffness to total stiffness ratio, has a significant influence on the shear lag. Finally, conclusions are drawn with regard to further study and research.

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Wu, Ya Ping, Zhi Xiang Zha, Li Xia Wang, and Yin Hui Wang. "Experimental Investigations of Shear Lag Effect in a Simply Supported [0^o ∕±45^o₂ ∕ 0^o]T Laminated Box Beam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.858.

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With the features of high efficiency, low consumption and good mechanical characteristic, thin-walled composite box beams have been broadly adopted in structural engineering, and its mechanical behavior has became an active research area. As shear lag effect can bring an uneven normal stress distribution on the flanges, it would remarkably affect the strength design of thin-walled beams. This paper focuses on the experimental investigations of shear lag effects in [0o∕±45o2∕ 0o]T laminated box beam under concentrated loads, and test results indicates that the shear lag effect in this composite box beam can be simulated by the two parabola.

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Sun, Lei, Xian Wu Hao, and Kang Lei. "Analysis on Shear Lag Effect of Single Box and Double Cell Box Girders for Wei River Grand Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3145.

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In order to study the influence of shear lag effect of single box and double cell box girder on structure，to make the rigid frame continuous bridge of Wei River grand bridge as the research object, through the establishment of finite element model, the normal stress and shear lag coefficient of the control sections in various working conditions is calculated, and the distribution of the box girder normal stress under shear lag effect is obtained.

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Niu, Yan Wei. "Effect of Shear Lag on the Long-Term Performance of Long-Span PC Box Girder Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1290.

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The analysis and mechanism of excessive long-term deflection of long-span prestressed concrete (PC) box girder bridges is concentrated recently. However, because of the lack of computing method, three dimensional (3D) analysis of PC continuous bridge especially including long-term shear lag effect is hard to analyze. According to this, a 3D creep analysis method for long-span PC bridges is illustrated in this paper first. The shear lag analysis of loads, prestress and their combination effect is carried out respectively. Based on this, the effect of shear lag to the long-term deflection of mid-span and whole-shape of the bridge is demonstrated. At the end, the different of computing between analysis with or without considering shear lag is discussed and some suggestion is proposed.

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Chang, Shih Toh, Qiwei Zhang, and Shiduo Zhang. "Shear Lag Effect in Single Plane Cable-Stayed Bridge." Advances in Structural Engineering 1, no. 4 (October 1998): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136943329800100406.

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The shear lag effect in thin-walled trapezoidal box sections with inclined stiffeners within the cell is analyzed using the principle of minimum potential energy. Due to the combined action of axial force and moment in a cable-stayed bridge, the normal stress in the pylon is given by [Formula: see text]. The coefficient of shear lag can be written as [Formula: see text], where σ is the actual stress taking shear deformation of slabs into account and [Formula: see text] is the stress evaluated by elementary beam theory. In this paper, the longitudinal displacement under axial force is assumed to vary parabolically transversely across the section. Due to moment, a quartic variation is adopted. Two sets of differential equations with boundary conditions are theoretically derived. An example is illustrated by theoretical analysis and test results.

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Chang, Shih Toh, and Ding Yun. "Shear Lag Effect in Box Girder with Varying Depth." Journal of Structural Engineering 114, no. 10 (October 1988): 2280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1988)114:10(2280).

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Luo, Q. Z., J. Tang, and Q. S. Li. "Negative Shear Lag Effect in Box Girderswith Varying Depth." Journal of Structural Engineering 127, no. 10 (October 2001): 1236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2001)127:10(1236).

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Nouchi, E., M. Kurata, Buntara S. Gan, and K. Sugiyama. "A consistent beam element formulation considering shear lag effect." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 10 (June 1, 2010): 012211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/10/1/012211.

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Dhanuskar, Jagdish R., and Laxmikant M. Gupta. "Shear Lag Effect in Welded Single Angle Tension Member." International Journal of Steel Structures 21, no. 3 (April 15, 2021): 935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-021-00482-1.

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Yu, J., S. W. Hu, Y. C. Xu, and B. Fan. "Coupled Mechanism on Interfacial Slip and Shear Lag for Twin-Cell Composite Box Beam Under Even Load." Journal of Mechanics 34, no. 5 (September 14, 2017): 601–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2017.77.

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AbstractA model of Twin-cell Composite Box Beam (TCCBB), which is composed of concrete plate and thin-walled steel box beam with twin-cell, is proposed in this paper. Combined with structural features, longitudinal interfacial slip mode (LISM) and related shear hysteresis functions (SHFS) of this TCCBB model are defined respectively; analytical formulation describing combination effect between interfacial slip and shear lag is launched for this TCCBB model under even load. Based on established governing differential equations and its relative boundary conditions (calculated with compatible mechanism of interfacial slip and shear lag effect), closed form solutions of normal stress and shear stress are derived for this TCCBB model, as well as effective shear-lag coefficient and effective coupled behavior coefficient. To obtain more accurate computational results of specific coupled mechanism of this TCCBB model, numerical example is carried out to analyze and predict coupled mechanism of interfacial slip and shear lag effect for this type of composite structures.

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Ma, Shu Fen, and Xie Dong Zhang. "Parametric Analysis on Shear Lag Effects of Box-Girder Beam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.152.

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In order to study the influencing parameters of the shear lag effects on the box-girder beam, the effective width was analyzed by the ways of looking up the present code and formula. Taking the simply supported and cantilever girder as the example, the parameter sensitivity was studied, such as width/span, cantilever length and span. The results showed that the shear lag effect of mid-span beam is small but the support beam is outstanding; the fixed amount relationship of the parameters and the shear lag effects was put forward. The conclusions will be useful for the design and construction of the box girder bridge.

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Qiao, Jin Li, Yong Jin, Wen Ling Tian, Xiang Shang Chen, Chuang Du, and Shu Ling Gao. "The Shear-Lag Effect on Curved Box Girder Bridge Considering Prestress and Initial Curvature." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2100–2104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2100.

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According to the principle of minimum potential energy and energy differential methods and assuming the shear lag warp displacement function with consideration of prestressed steel, a set of differential equations are deduced with different boundary conditions in considering moment, torsion, shear lag coupling. And the numerical solution of the differential equations is gained by Galerlein method. In addition, explores the influence on shear lag with prestressed force or not, dead loading, live loading and prestressed forces of the prestessed steels the areas of them basing on the model experiment and finite element model. Comparisons of results for typical numerical examples are given to verify the accuracy and applicability of the present method.

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Li, Chang Feng, and Wen Xue Du. "Effect of Curvature Radius and Transverse Distribution of Load on Shear Lag for Curved Box Girders." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1555.

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Based on fundamental theory and variational principle of thin-walled curved beam and taking into account of coupling effect of bend and shear lag, the paper mainly discusses the variation of curvature radius and the transverse distribution of load in order to analyze effect of shear lag in curved box girder. By means of variational method, the paper derivates the elastic differential equation and boundary conditions and gives numerical results of equations finally, results are obtained by the Galerkin method. It shows that the curvature radius and the transverse distribution of load in the shear lag of curved box girder is very important by comparing the calculating results.

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Miao, Lin, and De Wei Chen. "The Effect of Shear Lag on Long-Term Behavior of Steel/Concrete Composite Beams." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1070.

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It is well known that shear lag effect exists in wide flange concrete slabs. Traditionally, the effective flange width method is employed for considering the shear lag effect in a steel/concrete composite beam. The limitation of this method is that the load types and constraint conditions are generally ignored. In this paper, an analytical method using full flange width has been proposed by introducing shear warping shape function and intensity function of the shear warping displacement. By mean of two unknown functions: the vertical displacement of the whole cross section and the intensity of the warping, a variational balance condition which involves equilibrium equations with relevant boundary condition is imposed by the virtual work theorem. As a result, the shear-lag effect is considered by additional virtual external load, expressed as “additional bending moment”. The performance of this method dealing with elastic problem has been verified by finite element method using solid elements. Finally, the method is applied to investigate the long-term behavior of a beam fixed at two ends. It has been found that the results yielded from the code based on the effective flange width method are intervenient between those obtained from the current model with elastic and viscoelastic problem; the result errors of beam finite element model considering shear-lag effect can be modified by the method proposed in this paper.

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Li, Yan-feng, Xing-long Sun, and Long-sheng Bao. "PC Cable-Stayed Bridge Main Girder Shear Lag Effects: Assessment of Single Cable Plane in Construction Stage." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (March 31, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2646513.

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A model test and finite element analysis were conducted in this study to determine the distribution law of shear lag effect in the main beam section, a box girder, during the cable-stayed bridge construction process. The experimental and theoretical results were compared in an example of loading the control section. The stress value of the cable tension area of the main beam upper edge was found to markedly change when tensiling the cable force and was accompanied by prominent shear lag effect. After a hanging basket load was applied, the main beam of certain sections showed alternating positive and negative shear lag characteristics. The shear lag distribution law in the box girder of the single-cable-plane prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge along the longitudinal direction was determined in order to observe the stress distribution of the girder. The results show that finite element analysis of the plane bar system should be conducted at different positions in the bridge under construction; the calculated shear lag coefficient of the cable force acting at the cable end of the cantilever reflects the actual force. In the beam segments between the cable forces, the shear lag coefficient determined by the ratio of the bending moment to the axial force reflects the actual stress at the cable force action point. In the midspan beam section between the action points of cable forces, the shear lag coefficient of the bending moment reflects the actual stress. The section shear lag coefficient can be obtained by linear interpolation of the beam section between the cable action point and the middle of the span.

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Jiang, Rui Juan, Qi Ming Wu, Yu Feng Xiao, Xiao Wei Yi, and Wei Ming Gai. "Study on Shear Lag Effect of a PC Box Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs under Self Weight." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 1092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.1092.

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In the present paper, based on the three-dimensional finite element analysis for a three-span continuous PC box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs and the corresponding conventional box girder bridge with concrete webs, a comparative study on the shear lag effect under self-weight is carryied out together with the analyslis on the coefficient of the effective flange width. The results show that At the sections in the negative bending moment near the intermediate piers, the shear lag effect in the bridge with corrugated steel webs is more obvious than that in the bridge with concrete webs by 8%; and the corresponding effective flange width coefficient in the bridge with corrugated steel webs is even smaller than 0.9, so the shear lag effect at these sections should be considered in the design of this type of bridges. At the mid-span section of the middle span of a three-span continuous bridge either with corrugated steel webs or concrete webs, the shear lag effect can be omitted since the corresponding effective flange width coefficient there is close to 1.0.

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Jiang, Rui Juan, Yu Feng Xiao, Xiao Wei Yi, Qi Ming Wu, and Wei Ming Gai. "Study on the Shear Lag Effect of the PC Box Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs under Concentrated Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5054–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5054.

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There are few studies about the shear lag effect and the effective flange width of the PC (Prestressed Concrete) box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs throughout the world in current time. In the present paper, based on the three-dimensional finite element analysis for a long-span continuous PC box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs and the corresponding conventional box girder bridge with concrete webs, a comparative study on the shear lag effect under vertical loads are carryied out together with the analyslis on the coefficient of the effective flange width. The results show that in the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs, the transverse distributions of longitudinal normal stress on the section of the slabs are obviousely non-uniform and they are different with those in the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs. And moreover, the shear lag effects in top slab of the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs are almost less obvious than those of the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs. However, the shear lag effects in bottom slab of the PC box girder with corrugated steel webs are almost similar to those of the conventional PC box girder with concrete webs, no matter what kind of vertical bending moment the cross section is subjected to

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Luo, Qi Zhi, and Yu Ji Chen. "Geometric Nonlinear Analysis of Curved Box Continuous Girders Considering Shear Lag Effect." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1811.

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The analytical theory and computational method for thin-walled curved box girders in terms of the shear lag effect and geometric nonlinearity are presented. Based on the potential variational principle and the theory of thin-walled box girders, the geometry nonlinear governing differential equations of thin-walled curved box girder considering the influence of the shear lag effect of flange’s stress and the large deflection is established. The equation is solved by means of Newton-Raphon iteration method. The results from the present method are in good agreement with those of the test and the segment method. The numerical examples are conducted to verify the accuracy and reliability of the present theories. It is shown that the proposed formulae and method could be referenced to the design for the thin-walled curved box girders considering shear lag effect.

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Moga, Cătălin, Delia Drăgan, and Raluca Nerișanu. "Effects of Shear Lag in Steel Box Girders of a Crane Runway." Ovidius University Annals of Constanta - Series Civil Engineering 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ouacsce-2020-0003.

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Abstract The term of shear lag is related to the discrepancies between the approximate theory of the bending of beams and their real behaviour. It refers to the increases of the bending stresses near the flange-to-web junctions and the corresponding decreases in the flange stresses away from these junctions. In the case of wide flanges of plated structures, shear lag caused by shear strains, which are neglected in the conventional theory, may be taken into account by a reduced flange width concentrated along the webs of the steel girders. In EN 1993-1-5, the concept of taking shear lag into account is based on effective width of the flange which is defined in order to have the same total normal force in the gross flange subjected to the real transverse stress distribution as the effective flange subjected to a uniform stress equal to the maximum stress of the real transverse distribution. Some aspects concerning the shear lag phenomenon and a working example for a box girder of a heavy crane runway to illustrate the determination of the shear lag effect are also presented.

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Křístek, Vladimír, and Zdeněk P. Bažant. "Shear Lag Effect and Uncertainty in Concrete Box Girder Creep." Journal of Structural Engineering 113, no. 3 (March 1987): 557–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1987)113:3(557).

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35

Luo, Min, Peng-zhen Lin, and Li-xiang Sun. "Analysis of Shear Lag Effect in Twin-cell Box Girders." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 563 (August 9, 2019): 032043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/563/3/032043.

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36

Dezi, Luigino, Fabrizio Gara, Graziano Leoni, and Angelo Marcello Tarantino. "Time-Dependent Analysis of Shear-Lag Effect in Composite Beams." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 127, no. 1 (January 2001): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2001)127:1(71).

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Chang, Shih Toh. "Shear Lag Effect in Simply Supported Prestressed Concrete Box Girder." Journal of Bridge Engineering 9, no. 2 (March 2004): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2004)9:2(178).

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38

Zhou, Shi-Jun. "Finite Beam Element Considering Shear-Lag Effect in Box Girder." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 136, no. 9 (September 2010): 1115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000156.

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39

Moghadasi, Mostafa, Soheil Taeepoor, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor, and Michal Petrů. "The Effect of Lateral Load Type on Shear Lag of Concrete Tubular Structures with Different Plan Geometries." Crystals 10, no. 10 (October 3, 2020): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10100897.

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Tubular structures are extensively recognized as a high efficiency and economically reasonable structural system for the design and construction of skyscrapers. The periphery of the building plan in a tubular system consists of closely spaced columns connected by circumferential deep spandrels. When a cantilever tube is subjected to a lateral load, it is expected that the axial stress in each column located in the flange frame of the tube is the same, but because of the flexibility of peripheral beams, the axial stress in the corner columns and middle columns is distributed unequally. This anomaly is called “shear lag”, and it is a leading cause of the reduction in efficiency of the structure. In this paper, the possible relation between shear lag and the type of lateral load subjected to these systems is investigated. The above relation is not yet considered in previous literatures. Three various plan shapes including rectangular, triangular and hexagon were modeled, analyzed, designed and subjected to the earthquake and wind load, separately. Further work is carried out to compare the shear lag factor of these structures with distinct plan shapes against different types of lateral load. It is observed that all types of structures with various plan geometry subjected to the wind load had a greater amount of shear lag factor in comparison with structures subjected to the static and dynamic earthquake loads. In addition, shear lag in structures with the hexagon shaped plan was at the minimum.

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Lu, Hai Lin, Li Peng Chen, Song Bo Zhu, Chong Yong Wan, and Jia Qi Qian. "Analysis of Effect Factors about Shear Lag in Curved Box Girder under Seismic Loads." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.505.

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The shear lag effect will cause damage to the curved box girders. And it will adversely affect the bridge’s seismic performance. In order to analyze the effect under seismic loads, finite element models were created in this paper. By changing the parameters, such as curvature radius, width and height, their influence on the shear lag were studied. Results show that the effect was more obvious in wide and flat box girders under seismic load.

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Hu, S. W., J. Yu, Y. Q. Huang, and S. Y. Xiao. "Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Shear Lag Effect of Double-Box Composite Beam with Wide Flange under Symmetrical Loading." Journal of Mechanics 31, no. 6 (July 15, 2015): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2015.31.

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ABSTRACTA new type of steel-concrete composite beam with double-box cross-section is proposed in this paper. In order to investigate stress behaviors and deflection characteristics of such composite beam with wide flange considering the shear lag effect, theoretical analysis and experimental study are launched simultaneously. Based on the minimum potential energy principle, governing differential equations in view of the shear lag effect are deduced by energy variational method, and analytical solutions of it's stress and deflection under the effect of symmetrical loading are calculated. The preceding analyses show that relative error is less than 14.71%, with a good agreement, and farther show that this method of theoretical derivation, which is used for analyzing shear lag effect of composite beam with wide flange, has certain reference and guidance.

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Zang, Xiaomeng, Genhui Wang, Jianchang Li, Rongcheng Hou, Yanan Gan, Junjie Wang, and Wei Zhang. "A Mathematical Model to Simulate Static Characteristics of T-Beam Bridge with Wide Flange." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (January 29, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6623819.

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This study considers various factors, such as shear lag effect and shear deformation, and introduces the self-stress equilibrium for shear lag warping stress conditions to analyze the static characteristics of T-beam bridges accurately. In the mechanical analysis, three generalized displacement functions are applied, and the governing differential equations and natural boundary conditions of the static characteristics of T-beams are established on the basis of the energy variational principle. In the example, the influences of the shear lag effect, different load forms, and span ratio on the mechanical properties of T-beam bridges are analyzed. Therefore, the method of this study enriches and develops the theoretical analysis of T-beams, and it plays a certain guiding role in designing such a structure.

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Shu, Xiao Juan, Xin Gu Zhong, Zhen Xing Li, Ming Yan Shen, and Hong Bing Chen. "Experimental Study on Shear Lag of Box Girder with Variable Depth under Varying Lateral Position Concentric Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.993.

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This paper introduces the test and analysis of shear lag effect of a vast scale model of a continuous box girder with variable depth under symmetric lateral varying concentric loads. The strain distribution of the top plates and bottom ones of three cross-sections is tested, while the concentric loads respectively forced on the middle section and the quartile ones. Those sections are: the root-section of the cantilever, mid-section and one quartile section. Test shear lag coefficients of feature points were got through dividing the test strains to those calculated by elementary beam theory. They are compared with those soluted by method of energy variational calculus. The comparing result shows that the shear lag coefficients of the top plate shift from positive to negative accompanying with the load position from ribs to mid point of top plate. At the same time, the overall shear lag coefficient level increases. Meanwhile that of the corresponding bottom plate distribution character finely changes, but its overall shear lag coefficient declines that means that the contribution to bending resisting of bottom weakens. Lateral position of concentric loads has fine influence on shear lag of those sections relatively far from the loads.

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Bhalla, Suresh, and Sumedha Moharana. "A refined shear lag model for adhesively bonded piezo-impedance transducers." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 24, no. 1 (September 5, 2012): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12457837.

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The performance (sensing/actuating) of a piezotransducer highly depends upon the ability of the bond layer to transfer the stress and strain (through shear lag mechanism) between the transducer and the structure. Therefore, the coupled electromechanical response of the piezotransducer should consider the effect of dynamic behaviour, geometry and composition of the adhesive layer used to bond the transducer patch on the structure. This article presents a new refined analytical model for inclusion of the shear lag effect in modelling of adhesively bonded piezoelectric ceramic (lead zirconate titanate) patches for consideration in the electromechanical impedance technique. The previous models neglected the inertial term in shear lag formulations for simplicity. The present refined model, on the other hand, considers the inertial and the shear lag effects simultaneously, and is therefore more rigorous and complete. In this article, the formulations are first derived for one-dimensional case, and then extended to two-dimensional lead zirconate titanate–structure interaction. The overall results are found to be in better proximity to experimental observations. The refined formulations are employed for a detailed stress analysis of the bond layer. The article concludes with a parametric study on the influence of various sensor parameters on the electromechanical impedance signatures.

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Dat, Bui Thanh, Alexander Traykov, and Marina Traykova. "Shear-lag effect and its effect on the design of high-rise buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183302001.

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For super high-rise buildings, the analysis and selection of suitable structural solutions are very important. The structure has not only to carry the gravity loads (self-weight, live load, etc.), but also to resist lateral loads (wind and earthquake loads). As the buildings become taller, the demand on different structural systems dramatically increases. The article considers the division of the structural systems of tall buildings into two main categories - interior structures for which the major part of the lateral load resisting system is located within the interior of the building, and exterior structures for which the major part of the lateral load resisting system is located at the building perimeter. The basic types of each of the main structural categories are described. In particular, the framed tube structures, which belong to the second main category of exterior structures, seem to be very efficient. That type of structure system allows tall buildings resist the lateral loads. However, those tube systems are affected by shear lag effect - a nonlinear distribution of stresses across the sides of the section, which is commonly found in box girders under lateral loads. Based on a numerical example, some general conclusions for the influence of the shear-lag effect on frequencies, periods, distribution and variation of the magnitude of the internal forces in the structure are presented.

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Wu, Ya Ping, Yin Hui Wang, Li Xia Wang, and Zu Guang Bian. "Experimental Investigations of Shear Lag Effect in Orthotropic Composite Box Beam." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1750–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1750.

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The influence of curing time on the mechanical property of the phosphoaluminate cement (PAC) was investigated, and the mechanism was discussed as well. The phase composition and morphology of hydration products, electrical properties, porosity and pore size distribution of PAC cured different age were analyzed with XRD, EIS and MIP. The results showed PAC has the property of early-high strength, and the compressive strength of PAC cured for 1 day was about 70% of 28 days’. The main hydration products of PAC are micro-crystal phase and gel of phosphate and phosphoaluminate which formed compacter microstructure. In addition, there are no calcium hydroxide (CH) and ettringite (AFt) produced during the process of hydration. The compressive strength of PAC increased with age, which was due to more products continuously produced. The ac resistance analysis manifested as the change of the nyquist pattern and resistance value.

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47

Song, Qi‐gen, and Alexander C. Scordelis. "Formulas for Shear‐Lag Effect of T‐, I‐ and Box Beams." Journal of Structural Engineering 116, no. 5 (May 1990): 1306–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1990)116:5(1306).

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48

Chang, Shih Toh. "Prestress Influence on Shear‐Lag Effect in Continuous Box‐Girder Bridge." Journal of Structural Engineering 118, no. 11 (November 1992): 3113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1992)118:11(3113).

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49

Abd. Samat, Roslida, Fong Teng Chua, Nur Akmal Hayati Mohd Mustakim, Sariffuddin Saad, and Suhaimi Abu Bakar. "Lateral Displacement and Shear Lag Effect of Combination of Diagrid-Frame." E3S Web of Conferences 34 (2018): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183401009.

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Diagrid system, which is the portmanteau of diagonal grid member, is an exterior lateral load resisting system for tall building that has gained a wide acceptance in the design of tall buildings. There is abundance of researches that studied the efficiency of diagrid systems, which are constructed from the ground level to the top of the buildings in resisting the lateral load. Nevertheless, no study had been performed on the effectiveness of the diagrid that is constructed above other tall building systems despite the existence of a few buildings in the world that employ such system. The objective of this research is to understand the behavior of the lateral displacement and shear lag effect due to wind load when the diagrid structure is constructed above a frame. Models of 60-story buildings with a footprint of 36m x 36m were analyzed by using Staad.Pro software. The level where the diagrid members started was altered. The lateral displacement was reduced to 60.6 percent and 41 percent of the lateral displacement of a building with full frame system when the combination of frame-diagrid that had the diagrid started at Level 1 and Level 45, respectively were employed. Furthermore, the shear lag ratio was reduced from 1.7 to 1.3 when the level where the diagrid started was increased from Level 1 to Level 45.

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Wei, Xiaoding, Tobin Filleter, and Horacio D. Espinosa. "Statistical shear lag model – Unraveling the size effect in hierarchical composites." Acta Biomaterialia 18 (May 2015): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.040.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shear lag effect'

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