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Journal articles on the topic 'Shear modulu'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yoshihara, Hiroshi, Momoka Wakahara, Masahiro Yoshinobu, and Makoto Maruta. "Torsional Vibration Tests of Extruded Polystyrene with Improved Accuracy in Determining the Shear Modulus." Polymers 14, no. 6 (2022): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061148.

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Recently, extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam has been used as a component of construction materials; therefore, it is important to characterize its mechanical properties, including shear modulus. Despite the importance, it is often difficult to determine the shear modulus accurately by using many of the conventional methods; therefore, it is desirable to establish another method to measure the shear modulus with a high accuracy. Among various methods, torsional vibration test is advantageous because it can be performed easily under the pure shear stress condition in the test sample and both the i

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2

Omovie, Sheyore John, and John P. Castagna. "Relationships between Dynamic Elastic Moduli in Shale Reservoirs." Energies 13, no. 22 (2020): 6001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226001.

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Sonic log compressional and shear-wave velocities combined with logged bulk density can be used to calculate dynamic elastic moduli in organic shale reservoirs. We use linear multivariate regression to investigate modulus prediction when shear-wave velocities are not available in seven unconventional shale reservoirs. Using only P-wave modulus derived from logged compressional-wave velocity and density as a predictor of dynamic shear modulus in a single bivariate regression equation for all seven shale reservoirs results in prediction standard error of less than 1 GPa. By incorporating composi

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3

Berryman, James G. "Fluid effects on shear waves in finely layered porous media." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 2 (2005): N1—N15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1897034.

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Although there are five effective shear moduli for any layered transversely isotropic with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) medium, one and only one effective shear modulus of the layered system (namely, the uniaxial shear) contains all the dependence of pore fluids on the elastic or poroelastic constants that can be observed in vertically polarized shear waves. Pore fluids can increase the magnitude of shear energy stored in this modulus by an amount that ranges from the smallest to the largest effective shear moduli of the VTI system. But since there are five shear moduli in play, the overall

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4

Sinha, Bikash K., Badarinadh Vissapragada, Lasse Renlie, and Sveinung Tysse. "Radial profiling of the three formation shear moduli and its application to well completions." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (2006): E65—E77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2335879.

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Near-wellbore alteration in shear stiffnesses in the three orthogonal planes can be described in terms of radial variations of the three shear moduli or slownesses. The three shear moduli are different in formations exhibiting orthorhombic or lower degree of symmetry, as is the case in deviated wellbores in triaxially stressed formations. These shear moduli are affected by factors such as overbalanced drilling, borehole stress concentrations, shale swelling, near-wellbore mechanical damage, and supercharging of permeable formations. The two vertical shear moduli [Formula: see text] and [Formul

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5

Lai-Fook, Stephen J., and Robert E. Hyatt. "Effects of age on elastic moduli of human lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 89, no. 1 (2000): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.163.

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The model of the lung as an elastic continuum undergoing small distortions from a uniformly inflated state has been used to describe many lung deformation problems. Lung stress-strain material properties needed for this model are described by two elastic moduli: the bulk modulus, which describes a uniform inflation, and the shear modulus, which describes an isovolume deformation. In this study we measured the bulk modulus and shear modulus of human lungs obtained at autopsy at several fixed transpulmonary pressures (Ptp). The bulk modulus was obtained from small pressure-volume perturbations o

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6

Stamenovic, D., and J. C. Smith. "Surface forces in lungs. III. Alveolar surface tension and elastic properties of lung parenchyma." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 4 (1986): 1358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.4.1358.

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The bulk modulus and the shear modulus describe the capacity of material to resist a change in volume and a change of shape, respectively. The values of these elastic coefficients for air-filled lung parenchyma suggest that there is a qualitative difference between the mechanisms by which the parenchyma resists expansion and shear deformation; the bulk modulus changes roughly exponentially with the transpulmonary pressure, whereas the shear modulus is nearly a constant fraction of the transpulmonary pressure for a wide range of volumes. The bulk modulus is approximately 6.5 times as large as t

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7

Arzola-Villegas, Xavier, Nayomi Z. Plaza, Nathan J. Bechle, et al. "Moisture-Dependent Transverse Isotropic Elastic Constants of Wood S2 Secondary Cell Wall Layers Determined Using Nanoindentation." Forests 16, no. 5 (2025): 712. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16050712.

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Moisture- and orientation-dependent mechanical properties of the S2 secondary cell wall layer are needed to better understand wood mechanical properties and advance wood utilization. In this work, nanoindentation was used to assess the orientation-dependent elastic moduli and Meyer hardness of the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) S2 layer under environmental conditions ranging from 0% to 94% relative humidity (RH). The elastic moduli were fit to a theoretical transverse isotropic elasticity model to calculate the longitudinal elastic modulus, transverse elastic modulus, axial shear modulus, and tra

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8

Kennedy, J. G., D. R. Carter, and W. E. Caler. "Long Bone Torsion: II. A Combined Experimental and Computational Method for Determining an Effective Shear Modulus." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 107, no. 2 (1985): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3138540.

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A technique is established which allows an effective torsional shear modulus to be determined for long bones, while remaining nondestructive to whole bone specimens. Strain gages are bonded to the diaphysis of the bone. Strains are then recorded under pure torsional loads. Theoretical stress predictions are combined with experimental strain recordings to arrive at a modulus value. Shear modulus calculations for four canine radii are reported using theoretical stress predictions from circular, elliptical and finite element models of the transverse bone geometry. The effective shear modulus, obt

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9

Matseevich, T. A., A. A. Askadskii, M. D. Petunova, O. V. Kovriga, and M. N. Popova. "A Calculation Scheme for Assessing Storage Moduli and Losses as a Function of Polymer Chemical Structure and Blend Composition." International Polymer Science and Technology 45, no. 2 (2018): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1804500205.

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A calculation scheme is proposed for assessing and predicting storage and loss moduli. The examination is based on atomic constants, which take into account the contribution of each atom and polar group and the van der Waals volume and shear modulus at high frequencies. The obtained relationship makes it possible to calculate the shear modulus and storage and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, and molecular weight distribution.

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10

Murphy, William, Andrew Reischer, and Kai Hsu. "Modulus decomposition of compressional and shear velocities in sand bodies." GEOPHYSICS 58, no. 2 (1993): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443408.

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The advent of borehole shear slowness measurements in sonically slow formations has lead to breakthroughs in the subsurface profiling of geological bodies. In sand bodies, compressional and shear velocities depend predictably on porosity, mineralogy, grain contacts, and fluid saturation. An interpretation is best performed by decomposing the velocities into moduli that are intrinsic measures of the rock frame and pore fluid compressibilities. Careful experiments on pure materials (i.e., pure quartz sandstones) demonstrate two simplifying constitutive relationships. First, the bulk and shear fr

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11

Sadik, Tarik, Caroline Pillon, Christian Carrot, José A. Reglero Ruiz, Michel Vincent, and Noëlle Billon. "Polypropylene structural foams: Measurements of the core, skin, and overall mechanical properties with evaluation of predictive models." Journal of Cellular Plastics 53, no. 1 (2016): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x16633643.

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Relationships for the prediction of various linear mechanical properties of polymeric sandwich foams obtained in injection processes were studied in comparison with shear, tensile, and flexural tests. The samples were obtained by a core-back foam injection molding process that enables one to obtain sandwich materials with dense skins and a foamed core as revealed by the morphological analysis. Tensile, shear, and flexural moduli were investigated for the skin, the core, and the overall foamed structure. In addition, the Poisson’s ratio of the skin was also determined. The core properties were

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12

Lee, Byung Jae, Seong-Hoon Kee, Taekeun Oh, and Yun-Yong Kim. "Evaluating the Dynamic Elastic Modulus of Concrete Using Shear-Wave Velocity Measurements." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1651753.

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The objectives of this study are to investigate the relationship between static and dynamic elastic moduli determined using shear-wave velocity measurements and to demonstrate the practical potential of the shear-wave velocity method for in situ dynamic modulus evaluation. Three hundred 150 by 300 mm concrete cylinders were prepared from three different mixtures with target compressive strengths of 30, 35, and 40 MPa. Static and dynamic tests were performed at 4, 7, 14, and 28 days to evaluate the compressive strength and the static and dynamic moduli of the cylinders. The results obtained fro

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13

Wu, Guofang, Yong Zhong, and Haiqing Ren. "Effects of Grain Pattern on the Rolling Shear Properties of Wood in Cross-Laminated Timber." Forests 12, no. 6 (2021): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060668.

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Rolling shear modulus and strength are the key factors affecting the mechanical performance of some wood products such as cross-laminated timber (CLT). As reported, rolling shear property strongly depends on the sawing pattern such as the aspect ratio and grain direction (grain mode). However, the mechanism behind this phenomenon has not yet been clarified. In this work, the rolling shear modulus and strength of spruce-pine-fir (SPF) with different grain modes and aspect ratios were experimentally investigated. In addition, a theoretical investigation was carried out to reveal the mechanism be

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14

Sawangsuriya, Auckpath, Tuncer B. Edil, and Peter J. Bosscher. "Relationship Between Soil Stiffness Gauge Modulus and Other Test Moduli for Granular Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1849, no. 1 (2003): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1849-01.

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Recently, there has been a concerted effort to develop methods for direct measurement of soil stiffness, modulus, or both. A new field test device called the soil stiffness gauge (SSG), which is currently marketed as GeoGauge, shows potential to assess near-surface stiffness. A comparison is presented of moduli obtained from the SSG with moduli obtained from other tests on granular soils. The maximum singleamplitude dynamic force produced during the SSG measurement is determined to be 17.3 N. On this basis, an estimate of the shear strain amplitude produced from the SSG is made by finite eleme

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15

Morozov, Igor B., and Wubing Deng. "Elastic potential and pressure dependence of elastic moduli in fluid-saturated rock with double porosity." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 4 (2018): MR231—MR244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0646.1.

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Models of seismic velocity dispersion and attenuation in porous rock are often based on quantitative relations between empirical moduli by Gassmann, Mavko-Jizba, Sayers-Kachanov, and others. All of these relations have a common origin in the concept of elastic potential; nevertheless, this concept itself has been insufficiently used in the context of multiple porosities and squirt flows. Regardless of the microstructure of a rock, knowledge of its macroscopic elastic potential reveals the complete set of parameters that are necessary and sufficient for characterizing its elasticity and obtaini

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16

Xu, Qiyun, Xinyuan Lan, Muhammad Ali, Yewei Ding, and Zheng Wang. "Dynamic test study of twelve elastic constants of larch timber." BioResources 18, no. 4 (2023): 7805–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.7805-7817.

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The elastic modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of timber are the elastic constants characterizing its material properties. In this paper, the transient excitation method was used to dynamically measure the 10 elastic constants of the falling larch wood under the condition of the free board and cantilever board, that is, 3 elastic moduli E, 3 shear moduli G, and 4 Poisson’s ratios μ. The other two Poisson’s ratios μ were derived using the principle of orthogonality. At the same time, the elastic modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio under static conditions were tested and verifie

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17

KORNEEV, A. A., O. V. TAPINSKAYA, and V. N. TRONIN. "CONTINUOUS MODEL OF CRYSTAL MELTING AND DESTRUCTION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 05, no. 12 (1991): 2073–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979291000808.

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In this paper we show that the existence of microscopic defects (both point and linear) in the crystal lattice changes the elastic moduli of the solid. Owing to the change of the shear modulus induced by equilibrium defects, the relative shear modulus becomes temperature dependent and this dependence is close to the empirical value. For a wide class of metals, the values of the melting temperature obtained from the requirement that the shear modulus turn to zero are in good agreement with experiment.

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18

Kim, Noh Yu, Hee Joon Kim, Se Woong Oh, N. Hozumi, Cheol Kyou Lee, and Min Sung Hong. "Ultrasonic Measurement of Elastic Properties of Nanostructured Alumina." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1711.

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In this paper, elastic moduli of nanostructured alumina are evaluated by simultaneous measurement of longitudinal and shear wave velocities using mode-converted ultrasound in scanning acoustic microscope (SAM). Mode-converted longitudinal and shear waves inside alumina sample are captured to calculate acoustic wave velocities and determine elastic constants such as Young’s modulus and Bulk modulus. Al2O3 nanostructured alumina samples are formed by compacting micro-sized Al2O3 powder with nano-sized Al2O3 powder from 10wt% to 50wt%, and tested by SAM to investigate elastic moduli. A correlatio

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19

Bazˇant, Z. P. "Shear Buckling of Sandwich, Fiber Composite and Lattice Columns, Bearings, and Helical Springs: Paradox Resolved." Journal of Applied Mechanics 70, no. 1 (2003): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1509486.

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As shown three decades ago, in situations where the initial stresses before buckling are not negligible compared to the elastic moduli, the geometrical dependence of the tangential moduli on the initial stresses must be taken into account in stability analysis, and the stability or bifurcation criteria have different forms for tangential moduli associated with different choices of the finite strain measure. So it has appeared paradoxical that, for sandwich columns, different but equally plausible assumptions yield different formulas, Engesser’s and Haringx’ formulas, even though the axial stre

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20

Djayaprabha, Herry Suryadi, Ta-Peng Chang, and Jeng-Ywan Shih. "Comparison Study of Dynamic Elastic Moduli of Cement Mortar and No-cement Slag Based Cementitious Mortar Activated with Calcined Dolomite with Impulse Excitation Technique." MATEC Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818602004.

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This paper presents the comparison of an experimental investigation on compressive strength and dynamic elastic moduli of mortars made of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) incorporating with calcined dolomite. Dolomite powder calcined at temperature 900°C emerged as a GGBFS activator for producing cementitious mortar binder. In this study, no-cement mortar is made by activating GGBFS with calcined dolomite by a fixed amount of 20 wt%. The compressive strengths and dynamic elastic moduli were measured at 7 and 28 days. Comparing with cement mortar,

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21

Rossato, Gianni, and Paolo Simonini. "Stress–strain behaviour of sands in triaxial and direct simple shear tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 2 (1991): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-033.

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The behaviour of a natural sand in triaxial compression and direct simple shear tests was compared by means of dimensionless analysis of parameters controlling the evolution of stresses and strains. The secant triaxial compression and direct simple shear moduli were interpreted in a dimensionless form. A criterion based on the equivalence between major principal strain in the two tests was considered to compare the results. Key words: sand, stress–strain behaviour, triaxial test, direct simple shear test, shear modulus, triaxial compression modulus.

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22

Lefebvre, Guy, Denis Leboeuf, Muhsin E. Rahhal, Alain Lacroix, Joseph Warde, and Kenneth H. Stokoe II. "Laboratory and field determinations of small-strain shear modulus for a structured Champlain clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 1 (1994): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-007.

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Values of small-strain shear modulus Gmax, for a Champlain Sea clay deposit were obtained both under an embankment built 18 years ago, and outside of the area influenced by this embankment. The small-strain shear moduli Gmax were measured in the laboratory by using resonant column tests and in the field by spectral analysis of surface waves. In addition to verifying the two methods, comparison of the in situ and laboratory values allowed evaluation of the influence of the sampling and the need to correct the laboratory values to account for the age of the deposit. The test program also made it

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23

Yasuda, Nario, and Norihisa Matsumoto. "Comparisons of deformation characteristics of rockfill materials using monotonic and cyclic loading laboratory tests and in situ tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 2 (1994): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-022.

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The deformation characteristics of rockfill materials at very small strains were investigated by comparing the results of monotonic and cyclic loading laboratory tests with geophysical P- and S-wave logging data from the field. Using a precision linear variable differential transformer for displacement, the elastic moduli of rockfill materials at very small strains were measured in monotonic and cyclic loading triaxial tests. The laboratory test results agreed well with the field results. The shear moduli of rockfill materials from both a monotonic loading torsional simple shear test and a cyc

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24

Tang, Xing Ling, Abdelkhalak El Hami, and Khalil El-Hami. "Mechanical Properties Investigation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Using Finite Element Method." Key Engineering Materials 550 (April 2013): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.550.179.

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This paper presents a three dimensional finite element model for armchair, zigzag and chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The influences of diameter, chirality and length on the elastic moduli (Young’s modulus and shear modulus) of SWCNTs are investigated. The formulation presented is based on the assumption of viewing the construction of SWCNTs as a geometric frame-like structure. The interatomic interactions of bond length, bond angle, bond torsion and non-bonded interactions are equivalent to corresponding structure features straightforwardly. The models of SWCNTs are developed

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25

Ng, Robert M. C., and K. Y. Lo. "The measurements of soil parameters relevant to tunnelling in clays." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 22, no. 3 (1985): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t85-049.

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A comprehensive laboratory program was carried out on specimens trimmed from 152 mm diameter piston samples of a soft silty clay and a varved clay at a tunnel site in Thunder Bay. Results of conventional triaxial tests as well as special tests for the determination of anisotropic elastic parameters, simple shear tests, and stress path tests are presented.Results indicate that the unloading moduli are about twice the loading moduli, the Poisson's ratios in unloading are about three times those in loading, but the independent shear modulus is relatively unaffected. While the modulus is sensitive

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26

Singh, D., G. Dombe, C. Bhongale, P. P. Singh, Mehilal Maurya, and B. Bhattacharya. "Shear Thickening Behaviour of Composite Propellant Suspension under Oscillatory Shear." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 3 (2016): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.8849.

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Composite propellant suspensions consist of highly filled polymeric system wherein solid particles of different sizes and shapes are dispersed in a polymeric matrix. The rheological behaviour of a propellant suspension is characterised by viscoplasticity and shear rate and time dependant viscosity. The behaviour of composite propellant suspension has been studied under amplitude sweep test where tests were performed by continuously varying strain amplitude (strain in %, γ) by keeping the frequency and temperature constant and results are plotted in terms of log γ (strain amplitude) vs logGʹ an

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27

Hu, Jin-Lian, and Yi-Tong Zhang. "The KES Shear Test for Fabrics." Textile Research Journal 67, no. 9 (1997): 654–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759706700904.

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Many fabric mechanics researchers have reported that specimens being tested on the KES shear tester are not subjected to pure shear deformation; therefore, test results cannot lead directly to a determination of the fabric shear modulus and stress/strain relationship, particularly in the nonlinear range of stress-strain. Combined with finite element analysis, this paper presents an analytical solution for the distribution of shear stresses and strains in fabric specimens tested on the kes tester. A fabric is treated as an orthotropic sheet during the analysis, which leads to a closed-form solu

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28

Qin, Hongbo, Tianfeng Kuang, Xinghe Luan, et al. "Influence of Pressure on the Mechanical and Electronic Properties of Wurtzite and Zinc-Blende GaN Crystals." Crystals 8, no. 11 (2018): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8110428.

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The mechanical and electronic properties of two GaN crystals, wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN, under various hydrostatic pressures were investigated using first principles calculations. The results show that the lattice constants of the two GaN crystals calculated in this study are close to previous experimental results, and the two GaN crystals are stable under hydrostatic pressures up to 40 GPa. The pressure presents extremely similar trend effect on the volumes of unit cells and average Ga-N bond lengths of the two GaN crystals. The bulk modulus increases while the shear modulus decreases with

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29

Zhigun, Valery, Egils Plume, and Solvita Kristone. "A Simple and Effective Method for Determining the Shear Moduli of Structural Materials." Solid State Phenomena 372 (July 2, 2025): 41–49. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-stbef4.

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Determining interlayer shear modulus of composite materials by the method of three-point transverse bending is considered, and Timoshenko approaches to estimating the shear strains in this type of loading are assessed. It is shown that these approaches make it possible to determine the shear component of beam deflection with an accuracy acceptable for practice in testing them in three-point transverse bending, but only for isotropic materials. For anisotropic materials, they are unacceptable. These approaches are also unacceptable for determining the shear modulus of isotropic and anisotropic

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30

Fukunaga, Hisao, and Hideki Sekine. "A Laminate Design for Elastic Properties of Symmetric Laminates with Extension-Shear or Bending-Twisting Coupling." Journal of Composite Materials 28, no. 8 (1994): 708–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839402800802.

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A laminate design method for elastic properties of symmetric laminates with extension-shear or bending-twisting coupling is presented using lamination parameters which give a complete expression of laminate configurations. The elastic properties of Young's moduli, Poisson's ratios and shear modulus are represented on the lamination parameter plane. A general method is also developed for determining laminate configurations corresponding to lamination parameters. The graphical representation clarifies the relation between laminate configurations and elastic properties. Effects of extension-shear

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31

Yu, Jing, Yongmei Zhang, Yuhong Zhao, and Yue Ma. "Anisotropies in Elasticity, Sound Velocity, and Minimum Thermal Conductivity of Low Borides VxBy Compounds." Metals 11, no. 4 (2021): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040577.

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Anisotropies in the elasticity, sound velocity, and minimum thermal conductivity of low borides VB, V5B6, V3B4, and V2B3 are discussed using the first-principles calculations. The various elastic anisotropic indexes (AU, Acomp, and Ashear), three-dimensional (3D) surface contours, and their planar projections among different crystallographic planes of bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young’s modulus are used to characterize elastic anisotropy. The bulk, shear, and Young’s moduli all show relatively strong degrees of anisotropy. With increased B content, the degree of anisotropy of the bulk mod

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32

Khazanehdari, Jalal, and Jeremy Sothcott. "Variation in dynamic elastic shear modulus of sandstone upon fluid saturation and substitution." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 2 (2003): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1567213.

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Experimental acoustic measurements on sandstone rocks at both sonic and ultrasonic frequencies show that fluid saturation can cause a noticeable change in both the dynamic bulk and shear elastic moduli of sandstones. We observed that the change in dynamic shear modulus upon fluid saturation is highly dependent on the type of saturant, its viscosity, rock microstructure, and applied pressures. Frequency dispersion has some influence on dynamic elastic moduli too, but its effect is limited to the ultrasonic frequency ranges and above. We propose that viscous coupling, reduction in free surface e

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33

Ledbetter, H. M., and S. A. Kim. "Molybdenum effect on Fe–Cr–Ni-alloy elastic constants." Journal of Materials Research 3, no. 1 (1988): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1988.0040.

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This study involved the ultrasonic measurement of the polycrystalline elastic constants of six face-centered-cubic Fe–Cr–Ni alloys, nominally Fe–19Cr–12Ni (at. %). In these alloys, Mo content ranged up to 2.4 at. %. Molybdenum lowers the Young and shear moduli, and it raises the Poisson ratio. Against expectation (because it increases volume), Mo raises the bulk modulus. Qualitatively, the results show that Ni raises the bulk modulus and Poisson ratio; but Ni lowers the Young and shear moduli. (Nickel decreases the alloy's atomic volume.) The discussion includes existing models based on 3d-ele

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34

Cherepetskaya, Elena B., Alexander A. Karabutov, Vladimir A. Makarov, et al. "Internal Structure Research of Shungite by Broadband Ultrasonic Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 755 (September 2017): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.755.242.

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The internal structure of plane-parallel plates of shungite is studied. The broadband ultrasonic pulses are used to measure the velocities of longitudinal and shear elastic ultrasonic waves. The accuracy of measurements is 0.3% in the case of longitudinal wave velocity and 0.5% in the case of shear wave velocity (scanning pitch over the surface of specimens was 0.5 mm). Local elastic moduli of shungite (Young modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio) are uniquely determined from the velocities of elastic waves.

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35

Ball, Vincent. "Crosslinking of Bovine Gelatin Gels by Genipin Revisited Using Ferrule-Top Micro-Indentation." Gels 9, no. 2 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9020149.

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(1) Background: Gelatin is widely used in food science, bioengineering, and as a sealant. However, for most of those applications, the mechanical properties of gelatin gels need to be improved by means of physical or chemical crosslinking. Among the used chemical agents, genipin allows low cytotoxicity in addition to improved Young’s modulus. However, the mechanical properties of gelatin–genipin gels have only been investigated at the macroscale, and there is no knowledge of the influence of the genipin concentration on the surface homogeneity of Young’s modulus. (2) Methods: To this aim, the

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36

Tan, Xin, Zhen Yang Xin, Xue Jie Liu, and Qing Ge Mu. "First-Principles Study on Elastic Properties of AlN." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.841.

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Structural and elastic properties of AlN are investigated by using First-principles. Both of wurtzite and zinc-blende structures are investigated, respectively. The bulk moduli of the wurtzite structure and zinc blende AlN are 194.2GPa and 187GPa, which obtained by the elastic stiffness constants respectively. Shear moduli are 136GPa and 124GPa. Young's moduli are 331GPa and 305GPa. Poisson's ratio and Pugh criterion suggests that both of them are brittle material. The brittleness of wurtzite AlN is higher than that of zinc-blende AlN. The elastic anisotropy of the bulk moduli and shear moduli

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Gordaninejad, Faramarz, Xiaojie Wang, and Praveen Mysore. "Behavior of thick magnetorheological elastomers." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 23, no. 9 (2012): 1033–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12448286.

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In this study, the behavior of thick magnetorheological elastomers is experimentally investigated. Two types of magnetorheological elastomer specimens of varying concentrations, with circular and rectangular shapes having thicknesses from 6.35 mm to a maximum of 25.4 mm, are prepared. The magnetorheological elastomer samples are studied under quasi-static compression and double lap-shear tests. The shear and the Young’s moduli of the magnetorheological elastomers are obtained under different applied magnetic fields. It is observed that the field-induced change in the modulus is independent of

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Jin, Felix Q., Ned C. Rouze, Kathryn R. Nightingale, and Mark L. Palmeri. "Parameterization of the stress–strain relation for modeling wave propagation in nearly incompressible transversely isotropic materials." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 6 (2024): 3821–37. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0034557.

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The stress–strain relation in a transversely isotropic (TI) material is described by five independent parameters. In the incompressible limit, only three parameters are required to describe shear wave propagation. Existing material parameterization models are not ideal for the analysis of wave propagation in the nearly incompressible TI (NITI) regime due to difficult-to-interpret parameters, complicated forms of the stiffness matrix elements, or the lack of five independent parameters. This study describes a new parameterization model for a general, TI material that uses the bulk modulus K, sh

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Zhang, Zhiying, Veerle Keppens, Peter K. Liaw, Yoshihiko Yokoyama, and Akihisa Inoue. "Elastic properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses studied by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 2 (2007): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0040.

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We report measurements of the elastic properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses, Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5, Zr50Cu30Ni10Al10, and Zr50Cu40Al10 between 5 K and 300 K. Both the shear and longitudinal modulus have been measured as a function of temperature, allowing accurate determination of the Poisson’s ratio and the related ratio of bulk modulus to shear modulus, K/G. These data make it possible to assess the influence of the alloy’s composition on the mechanical properties and enable an evaluation of the correlation between the elastic moduli and the ductility of the alloys.

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Toyota, Hirofumi, and Susumu Takada. "Effects of gravel content on liquefaction resistance and its assessment considering deformation characteristics in gravel – mixed sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 56, no. 12 (2019): 1743–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0575.

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Many reports describe overestimation of liquefaction resistance based on sounding data related to ground materials containing coarse particles such as gravel and cobbles. Better methods of liquefaction potential estimation must be developed using investigation data other than those from sounding. Gathering perfect and undisturbed samples is difficult, but using seismic methods such as PS logging might be effective for assessing liquefaction potential. For this study, bender element (BE) tests and local small strain (LSS) tests were conducted, respectively, to measure the dynamic and static she

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Wang, Jian, Hongbo Qin, Junfu Chen, Daoguo Yang, and Guoqi Zhang. "First-Principles Study on the Elastic Mechanical Properties and Anisotropies of Gold–Copper Intermetallic Compounds." Metals 12, no. 6 (2022): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12060959.

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In this study, first-principles calculations were utilized to investigate the lattice constants, elastic constants, and mechanical properties of gold–copper (Au–Cu) intermetallic compounds (IMCs), including AuCu3, AuCu, and Au3Cu. We also verified the direction dependence of the Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of the compounds. The calculated lattice parameters agreed with the experimental data, and the single-crystal elastic constants, elastic modulus E, shear modulus G, bulk modulus B, and Poisson’s ratio ν were calculated. For the Young’s and shear moduli, AuCu3 showed t

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Sharma, Sumit, Pramod Kumar, and Rakesh Chandra. "Carbon nanotube reinforced titanium composites: An experimental and molecular dynamics study." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 29 (2018): 4117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318774931.

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In this study, the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced titanium (CNT–Ti) composites have been predicted using molecular dynamics approach. An experimental study was also conducted in which spark plasma sintering was used for preparing the composites. The effect of variation in carbon nanotube volume fraction ( V f), temperature, and strain on the elastic moduli ( E11, E22, and E33) and the shear modulus ( G Reuss) of CNT–Ti composites was studied. The elastic and shear moduli were all found to increase significantly because of the increasing carbon nanotube V f. Even at tempera

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Silva, Miguel R., João A. Dias-de-Oliveira, António M. Pereira, Nuno M. Alves, Álvaro M. Sampaio, and António J. Pontes. "Design of Kinematic Connectors for Microstructured Materials Produced by Additive Manufacturing." Polymers 13, no. 9 (2021): 1500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091500.

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The main characteristic of materials with a functional gradient is the progressive composition or the structure variation across its geometry. This results in the properties variation in one or more specific directions, according to the functional application requirements. Cellular structure flexibility in tailoring properties is employed frequently to design functionally-graded materials. Topology optimisation methods are powerful tools to functionally graded materials design with cellular structure geometry, although continuity between adjacent unit-cells in gradient directions remains a res

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Miyamoto, Naokazu, and Kosuke Hirata. "Moderate Associations of Muscle Elasticity of the Hamstring with Hip Joint Flexibility." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 11 (2019): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0981-7282.

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AbstractThe main purpose of the present study was to identify whether and to what extent the individual differences in range of motion and stiffness of the hip joint can account for that in muscle elasticity of the hamstring. Hip extension torque and shear moduli (a measure of elasticity) of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus were assessed in 21 young males during unilateral passive hip flexion in the knee-extended position from the anatomical position to the individual’s maximal hip flexion angle. Muscle shear modulus was quantified by using ultrasound shear wave elastogr

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Han, R., M. S. Ingber, and S. C. Hsiao. "Limitations on the Use of Effective Properties for Multicomponent Materials." Journal of Mechanics 24, no. 1 (2008): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100001593.

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ABSTRACTMulticomponent composite materials comprised of a dispersed phase suspended in a matrix material are important in a wide variety of scientific and engineering applications including electronic encapsulation, functionally graded materials, and fiber-reinforced structural components among others. Modelling of this class of composites is typically performed using an effective property approach. This approach presumes that the characteristic dimension of the dispersed phase elements is small in comparison to the characteristic length scale of the physical problem under consideration. Howev

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Amin Matori, Khamirul, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid, Hock Jin Quah, Sidek Hj Abdul Aziz, Zaidan Abdul Wahab, and Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali. "Studying the Effect of ZnO on Physical and Elastic Properties of (ZnO)x(P2O5)1−xGlasses Using Nondestructive Ultrasonic Method." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/596361.

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Binary zinc phosphate glass system with composition of (ZnO)x(P2O5)1−x, (x= 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 mol%) was successfully prepared using a conventional melt-quenching method. Composition dependence of physical properties and elastic properties in the (ZnO)x(P2O5)1−xwere discussed in association with the effects of adding zinc oxide (ZnO) as a modifier. The addition of ZnO modifier was expected to produce substantial changes on physical properties of the phosphate glasses. An increase in density values of the phosphate glasses was observed. Elastic moduli were studied by measuring ultr

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McAleavey, Stephen, Manoj Menon, and Etana Elegbe. "Shear Modulus Imaging with Spatially-Modulated Ultrasound Radiation Force." Ultrasonic Imaging 31, no. 4 (2009): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460903100401.

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The application of Spatially-Modulated Ultrasound Radiation Force (SMURF) to shear modulus imaging is demonstrated in tissue-mimicking phantoms and porcine liver. Scanning and data acquisition was performed with a Siemens Antares ultrasound scanner and VF7-3 linear array operating at 4.21 MHz. Modulus estimates in uniform phantoms of Zerdine with shear moduli of 5.1 and 12.4 kPa exhibited standard deviations within 6% of the mean value. Zerdine spheres 1 cm in diameter (nominally 2.7, 4.7 and 15 kPa) in a 8 kPa (nominal) background are clearly resolved. Cross sectional images of a soft conical

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Zhu, Xuefeng, Longkun Xu, Xiaochen Liu, Jinting Xu, Ping Hu, and Zheng-Dong Ma. "Theoretical prediction of mechanical properties of 3D printed Kagome honeycombs and its experimental evaluation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 18 (2019): 6559–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219860538.

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Kagome honeycomb structure is proved to incorporate excellent mechanical and actuation performances due to its special configuration. However, until now, the mechanical properties of 3D printed Kagome honeycomb have not been investigated. Hence, the objective of this work is to explore some mechanical properties of 3D-printed Kagome honeycomb structures such as elastic properties, buckling, and so on. In this paper, the analytical formulas of some mechanical properties of Kagome honeycombs made of 3D-printed materials are given. Effective elastic moduli such as Young's modulus, shear modulus,

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Kubojima, Yoshitaka, and Mario Tonosaki. "Young’s and shear moduli of glued laminated timber composed of different species obtained by a flexural vibration test." Holzforschung 66, no. 7 (2012): 871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2011-0209.

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Abstract The applicability of the flexural vibration test to determine the elastic constants of glued laminated timber (GLT) composed of five wood species (ash, Fraxinus spaethiana Lingelsh.; balsa, Ochroma pyramidale Urban.; Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don; Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.; Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis Carr.) has been investigated. GLT models were prepared from four laminae with dimensions of 30 (R)×5 (T)×300 (L) mm3. The suitability of Japanese cedar for inner layers in GLTs was tested by flexural vibration test to determine the elastic consta

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Niederwestberg, Jan, Jianhui Zhou, and Ying-Hei Chui. "Comparison of Theoretical and Laboratory Out-of-Plane Shear Stiffness Values of Cross Laminated Timber Panels." Buildings 8, no. 10 (2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8100146.

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The lay-up of cross laminated timber (CLT) leads to significant differences in properties over its cross-section. Particularly the out-of-plane shear behavior of CLT is affected by the changes in shear moduli over the cross-section. Results from laboratory shear tests are used to evaluate the shear stiffness of 3- and 5-layer CLT panels in their major and minor strength direction. The results are compared to calculated shear stiffness values on evaluated single-layer properties as well as commonly used property ratios using the Timoshenko beam theory and the shear analogy method. Differences b

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