Journal articles: 'Shear span-to-depth ratio'

1

Fan, Guoxi, Jing Yang, Ye Wang, Qiyi Zhang, Jing Jia, and Wanpeng Cheng. "Dynamic Behavior of a Precast and Partial Steel Joint under Various Shear Span-to-Depth Ratios." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092162.

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The dynamic behavior of a PPSRC beam–column joint is related to constraint effect, strength deterioration and strain rate effect. Then, it can be assessed by bearing capacity, stiffness degradation, displacement ductility and energy consumption. The results show that the increased strain rate causes growth in ring stiffness, bearing capacity and energy consumption of PPSRC beam–column joints. However, the influence of shear span-to-depth ratio on dynamic mechanical properties of PPSRC beam–column joints is more obvious than that of strain rate. Regardless of strain rate, the bearing capacity, initial stiffness, ring stiffness and energy consumption of PPSRC beam–column joints decrease as the shear span-to-depth ratio increases. Moreover, the ring stiffness under reverse direction is smaller than that the under forward direction at each displacement level. However, the stiffness degradation under a lower shear span-to-depth ratio is more obvious than that under a higher shear span-to-depth ratio. Moreover, the displacement ductility with a higher shear span-to-depth ratio is better than that with a lower shear span-to-depth ratio. Finally, the mechanical properties of PPSRC beam–column joints are affected by the extension length of partial steel plate, and the reasonable extension length of the partial steel plate in the column is affected by the shear span-to-depth ratio.

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Derkowski, Wit, and Rafał Walczak. "Effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on posttensioned concrete crane beams shear capacity." MATEC Web of Conferences 323 (2020): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032301019.

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The shear span-to-depth ratio has the most significant influence on the shear capacity of beams and determines their failure mode. The subject of the current project is the shear capacity of precast posttensioned concrete crane beams disassembled after more than fifty years of being used in an industrial plant. The paper gives the theoretical basis for the shear capacity of such elements as well as standard design models. The conducted tests showed that despite the low shear reinforcement ratio, the elements do not fail in a brittle mode but show a clear indication of prospective destruction. It was also confirmed that in the case of poorly shear-reinforced PC elements, a clear arch action can be distinguished with a low shear span-to-depth ratio, whereas in the case of a higher ratio there is a classical beam action.

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Hu, Biao, and Yu-Fei Wu. "Effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on shear strength components of RC beams." Engineering Structures 168 (August 2018): 770–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.05.017.

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Mhalhal, Jasim Mahmood. "Prestressed Precast Hollow-Core Slabs with Different Shear Span to Effective Depth Ratio." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 5, no. 2 (October 11, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol5.iss2.53.

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Four full scale precast prestressed hollow-core slabs were tested under the influence of four lines loading with various values of shear span to effective depth ratio (a/d) (1.5, 2, 3.5 and 5). The dimensions of the hollow-core slab were 2000 mm, 1200 mm and 150 mm (length, width and thickness, respectively). All slabs were cast with a high compressive strength concrete of approximately 79.5 MPa. Experimental test results showed four patterns of failure mode depending on the ratio of (a/d). They were flexural failure, flexure-shear failure and shear compression failure. In addition to combination failure between tension shear and anchorage failure, accompanied by sliding strand in concrete. The failure loads decreased about 19.6% as (a/d) increased by 233.3%. Finally, the highest first crack load, 110kN, was recorded for sample, HCS 1.5, having the lowest (a/d) ratio.

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Lee, Jung-Yoon, Wook-Yeon Kim, Sang-Woo Kim, and Bum-Sik Lee. "Effects of Shear Span-to-depth Ratio and Tensile Longitudinal Reinforcement Ratio on Minimum Shear Reinforcement Ratio of RC Beams." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2004.16.6.795.

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Lee, Hyun-Ho. "Capacity Evaluation of High Strength SFRC Beams according to Shear Span to Depth Ratio." Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection 18, no. 3 (May 30, 2014): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2014.18.3.076.

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Alhamad, Siyam, Yasser Al Banna, Ahmad Al Osman, Jihad Mouthassseeb, Suliman Abdalla, and Farid Abed. "Effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the shear behavior of BFRP-RC deep beams." MATEC Web of Conferences 120 (2017): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201712001012.

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Zhang, Jun-Hong, Shu-Shan Li, Wei Xie, and Yang-Dong Guo. "Experimental Study on Shear Capacity of High Strength Reinforcement Concrete Deep Beams with Small Shear Span–Depth Ratio." Materials 13, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051218.

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This study aimed to investigate the shear capacity performance for eight deep beams with HTRB600 reinforced high strength concrete under concentrated load to enable a better understanding of the effects of shear span–depth ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, vertical stirrup ratio and in order to improve design procedures. The dimension of eight test specimens is 1600 mm × 200 mm × 600 mm. The effective span to height ratio l0/h is 2.0, the shear span–depth ratio λ is 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9, respectively. In addition, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio ρs is set to 0.67%, 1.05%, 1.27%, and the vertical stirrup ratio is taken to be 0%, 0.25%, 0.33%, 0.5%. Through measuring the strain of steel bar, the strain of concrete and the deflection of mid-span, the characteristics of the full process of shear capacity, the failure mode and the load deflection deformation curve were examined. The test results showed that the failure mode of deep beams with small shear span–depth ratio is diagonal compression failure, which is influenced by the layout and quantity of web reinforcement. The diagonal compression failure could be classified into two forms: crushing-strut and diagonal splitting. With decreasing of shear span–depth ratio and increasing longitudinal reinforcement ratio, the shear capacity of deep beams increases obviously, while the influence of vertical web reinforcement ratio on shear capacity is negligible. Finally, the shear capacity of eight deep beams based on GB 50010-2010 is calculated and compared with the calculation results of ACI 318-14, EN 1992-1-1:2004 and CSA A23.3-04, which are based on strut-and-tie model. The obtained results in this paper show a very good agreement with GB50010-2010 and ACI 318-14, while the results of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and CSA A23.3-04 are approved to be conservative.

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Mansour, Walid, and Bassam A. Tayeh. "Shear Behaviour of RC Beams Strengthened by Various Ultrahigh Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Systems." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (July 16, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2139054.

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This study presents a numerical investigation on the shear behaviour of shear-strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams by using various ultrahigh performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) systems. The proposed 3D finite element model (FEM) was verified by comparing its results with those of experimental studies in the literature. The validated numerical model is used to analyse the crucial parameters, which are mainly related to the design of RC beams and shear-strengthened UHPFRC layers, such as the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the shear behaviour of the strengthened or nonstrengthened RC beams and the effect of geometry and length of UHPFRC layers. Moreover, the effect of the UHPFRC layers’ reinforcement ratio and strengthening of one longitudinal vertical face on the mechanical performance of RC beams strengthened in shear with UHPFRC layers is investigated. Results of the analysed beams show that the shear span-to-depth ratio significantly affects the shear behaviour of not only the normal-strength RC beams but also the RC beams strengthened with UHPFRC layers. However, the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio has not been considered in existing design code equations. Consequently, this study suggests two formulas to estimate the shear strength of normal-strength RC beams and UHPFRC-strengthened RC beams considering the effect of the shear span-to-depth ratio.

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Fukuda, Takashi, Shotaro Sanuki, Masaki Miyakawa, and Kazunori Fujikake. "Influence of Loading Rate on Shear Failure Resistance of RC Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.229.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic shear failure behavior of RC beams under rapid loading through an experimental study. Thus, rapid loading test for 48 RC beams was performed, in which shear span-to-depth ratio, shear reinforcement ratio and loading rate were variable. The RC beams exhibited diagonal tension failure, shear compression failure and flexural failure depending mainly on the shear span-to-depth ratio and the shear reinforcement ratio. The influence of loading rate on the maximum resistance is more significant for the RC beams failed in shear than for those failed in flexure.

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Lee, Young Hak, Hee Cheul Kim, Ha Eun Park, Nam Shik Ahn, and Min Sook Kim. "Experimental Evaluation of Shear Behaviors of Concrete Deep Beams with GFRP Shear Reinforcement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 1080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.1080.

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This paper deals with the application of Glass Fiber Reinforce Polymer (GFRP) to shear reinforcement for deep beam. Instead of steel stirrup, GFRP shear reinforcement was fabricated in the form of plate with openings and embedded in concrete. An experimental study was performed to evaluate the shear behavior of eight shear reinforced concrete deep beam. Shear test was conducted in which the shear span-to-depth ratio were 1.1, 1.3 and 1.6. Also, shear reinforcement area, and effective depth were considered as variables. Crack patterns, failure modes, and load-displacement were compared in order to evaluate shear strength of the specimens. The effects of these variables on the shear strength of the deep beam were examined. The test results in terms of the shear span-to-depth ratio showed that shear strength increased when the ratio decreased. Also, it showed that shear strength increased as the reinforcement area and the effective depth increased.

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Liu, Jiepeng, Xiang Li, Xingzhen Zang, Xuanding Wang, and Y. Frank Chen. "Seismic behavior of shear-critical circular TSRC columns with a shear span-to-depth ratio of 1.3." Thin-Walled Structures 134 (January 2019): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.10.023.

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Campione, Giuseppe, and Giovanni Minafò. "Behaviour of concrete deep beams with openings and low shear span-to-depth ratio." Engineering Structures 41 (August 2012): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.055.

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Wakjira, Tadesse G., and Usama Ebead. "Shear span-to-depth ratio effect on steel reinforced grout strengthened reinforced concrete beams." Engineering Structures 216 (August 2020): 110737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110737.

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Słowik, Marta. "Analysis of fracture processes in reinforced concrete beams without stirrups." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 15, no. 57 (June 22, 2021): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.57.23.

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The analysis of fracture processes which led to shear failure in reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement was performed on the basis of test results from the author’s own experimental investigation and numerical simulations. The variable parameters during the experiment were a beam’s length and a shear span. It was observed that the character of failure in the beams depended on the beam’s length and the span-to-depth ratio. In slender beams characterized by the shear span-to-depth ratio 3.4 and 4.1, the formation of the critical diagonal crack caused a brittle, sudden failure and the shear capacity was low. In short beams, when the shear span-to-depth ratio was 1.8 and 2.3, the failure process had a more stable character with a slow developing of inclined cracks and the significantly higher load capacity was reached. The activation of various shear transfer mechanisms was examined with regard to the slenderness of the member and the transition between a beam action which took place in slender beams to an arch action which predominated in short beams was described.

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EL-SAYED, Ahmed K., Raja R. HUSSAIN, and Ahmed B. SHURAIM. "EFFECT OF STIRRUP CORROSION ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHORT BEAMS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 4 (August 25, 2015): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.897990.

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The effect of stirrups damage due to corrosion on the shear strength and behaviour of reinforced concrete beams was experimentally investigated. A total of fourteen full-scale reinforced concrete beams were constructed and tested under four-point bending up to failure. The test beams were 200 mm wide, 350 mm deep, and 2800 mm long. The reinforcing stirrups of nine of the beams were subjected to accelerated corrosion prior to structural testing. The test variables were the corrosion damage level, spacing of stirrups, and shear span to depth ratio. The beams were tested under shear span to depth ratio of 2 or 1 representing short or deep members. The test results indicated that the corroded beams exhibited degradation in stiffness and shear strength in comparison to the uncorroded control specimens. This degradation appeared to increase as the corrosion level increases and as stirrup spacing as well as shear span to depth ratio decreases.

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Hassan, Hassan, Mu’taz Medhlom, and Mohammed Hatem. "Behavior of self-compact reinforced concrete deep beams with small shear span to depth ratio." MATEC Web of Conferences 162 (2018): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816204013.

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This research is devoted to investigate the experimental and theoretical behavior of deep beams under monotonic two points loading. An experimental program examining six RC deep beams is carried out. The investigated parameters include shear span to depth ratio varying from 1.0 to 0.276. A comparative study is conducted in this paper by using finite element software ANSYS. The experimental and numerical results show that concrete strength and shear span to depth ratio are the two most important parameters in controlling the behavior of RC deep beams. Comparison of experimental results was made with corresponding predicted values using the Strut and Tie procedure presented ACI 318M-11Code and with other procedures mentioned in the literature. It was found that the Strut and Tie procedure presented in ACI 318M-11Code give conservative results as compared with the experimental tested results. The results showed reliability of analysis in predicting deep beams behavior in terms of failure load, failure mode as well as crack propagation.

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Hamoodi, Ahid Zuhair, Aqeel Hatem Chkheiwer, and Jaffar Ahmed Kadim. "Shear Strength of Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete Corbels." Journal of Engineering 2021 (August 11, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6652647.

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This paper is related to a laboratory program for the shear strength of reinforced concrete corbels (RCC) cast with or without recycled aggregate (RA) by investigating the main parameters affecting the corbels behavior including the replacement aggregate recycling ratio, fcu, and shear span to effective depth ratio a/d. Eight specimens were cast and tested. The obtained results were compared with ACI and EC2 codes. It is found that the ACI code and E2 code give sensibly conservative results when compared with the findings of the present work for all tested specimens regarding RA, concrete strength, and a/d. Also, the experimental results show that the presence of recycled aggregate decreases slightly both cracking and failure loads. Furthermore, the failure load development due to the effect of compressive strength is more effective with the presence of recycled aggregate, and the 50% ratio of RA was the suitable ratio in elaborate crack and failure loads. Finally, the reduction of the span-depth ratio (from 0.50 to 0.35) increases the crack and failure load by 8.1% and 20.2%, respectively, leading to confirm that the corbel strength is much sensitive to decreasing span-depth ratio compared to the associated deflections.

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Yu, Chunyi, Hua Ma, Yongping Xie, Zhenbao Li, and Zhenyun Tang. "Size Effect on the Seismic Performance of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns with Different Shear Span-to-Depth Ratios." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (December 19, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2723198.

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The size effect on the seismic performance of conventional reinforced concrete columns has been observed in terms of flexural failure and shear failure. Under earthquake loading, slender columns experience flexural failure, and short columns experience flexure-shear failure and shear failure. However, the effect of section size on the seismic performance of high-strength reinforced concrete columns under the conditions of different shear span-to-depth ratios requires further confirmation. For this purpose, six high-strength reinforced concrete columns with shear span-to-depth ratios of 2 and 4 were subjected to cyclic loading in this study. The experimental results indicated that relative nominal flexural strength, energy dissipation coefficient, factor of safety, and local factor of safety all exhibited a strong size effect by decreasing with increasing column size. Furthermore, the size effect became stronger as the shear span-to-depth ratio was increased, except for average energy dissipation coefficient. The observed changes in the factor of safety were in good agreement with the Type 2 size effect model proposed by Bažant. Thus, based on the local factor of safety and Bažant’s Type 2 model, the code equation for moment capacity of different shear span-to-depth ratios was modified to provide a consistent factor of safety regardless of column size.

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Ji, Chunyang, Weiwen Li, Chengyue Hu, and Feng Xing. "Data analysis on fiber-reinforced polymer shear contribution of reinforced concrete beam shear strengthened with U-jacketing fiber-reinforced polymer composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 36, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 98–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684416671423.

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Lots of studies have investigated the shear contribution of the fiber-reinforced polymer of reinforced concrete beams with externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP). In this paper, based on more than 200 collected experimental results of reinforced concrete beams shear strengthened with U-jacketing fiber-reinforced polymer composites, four existing design guidelines on the fiber-reinforced polymer shear contribution of strengthened reinforced concrete beams are compared in terms of the effect of the shear span-to-effective depth ratio, beam size, and stirrup ratio. These three influence factors are found to play significant roles in the prediction accuracy of different design guidelines. This paper, therefore, proposes an advanced shear strength model, which considers the effect of shear span-to-effective depth ratio, beam size, and stirrup ratio. The proposed model can provide better predictions of fiber-reinforced polymer shear contribution.

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NAKATA, Yuki, Ken WATANABE, Tadatomo WATANABE, and Yukihiro TANIMURA. "CALCULATION METHOD OF THE DESIGN SHEAR CAPACITY FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS ENSURED CONTINUITY TO SHEAR-SPAN TO EFFECTIVE DEPTH RATIO." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. E2 (Materials and Concrete Structures) 69, no. 4 (2013): 462–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejmcs.69.462.

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Tasenhod, Piyoros, and Jaruek Teerawong. "Shear Strength Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Using Strut-and-Tie Model." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.468.

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Shear strength prediction of simple deep reinforced concrete beams by method of strut-and-tie model is presented in this paper. The tested specimens were designed according to Appendix A of ACI 318-11 code with variations of shear span-to-effective depth ratios and ratios of horizontal and vertical crack-controlling reinforcement. Test results revealed that at the same shear span-to-effective depth ratio, the various crack-controlling reinforcements significantly influenced on strength reduction coefficients of strut and failure modes. When the shear span-to-effective depth ratios were increased, failure modes changed from splitting diagonal strut to flexural-shear failure. Based on the test results, the proposed model was compared with Appendix A of ACI 318-11code.

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Park, Jong Wook, Sang A. Cha, Ji Eun Kang, Mohamad Mansour, and Jung Yoon Lee. "Axial Strain of Reinforced Concrete Columns." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1858.

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The reinforced concrete members are designed to fail in flexural member to behave ductilely. Also the failure doesn’t impose on columns but beams. But according to the plastic collapse mechanism, the plastic hinge potentially developed at the bottom of the RC column near the base of the structure after flexural yielding. These columns are generally dominated by shear which led to sudden failure in post yielding region because of its relatively short span-to-depth ratio, so special care is needed. The deformability of column with short span-to-depth ratio is small compared with larger span-to-depth ratio column under reversed cyclic loading. Therefore the design of these kinds of RC columns necessitates the prediction of both the shear strength after flexural yielding and corresponding ductility of such members. Ten RC columns with varying axial force ratio and shear reinforcement ratio were tested under monotonic and reversed cyclic loading. The most affectable factor to column behavior was the axial force. The result indicates that concrete contribution to shear resistance in the plastic hinge region and axial strain were decreased as axial force.

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Li, Zhen Bao, De Jing Zhang, Hua Ma, Shu Chao Lin, and Wen Jing Wang. "The Shear Capacity of RC Coupling Beams with Small Span-to-Depth Ratio and Arranged High-Strength Steels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.258.

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The Shear capacities of fourteen coupling beams are analyzed in this research by the finite element numerical simulation method. The coupling beams are designed with small span-to-depth ratios and arranged high strength steel. The results show that the shear capacities of coupling beams accord with the compression strut model. The shear capacities improve obviously through enhancing the diagonal steel bars, but they do not show significant influence through changing the strength of transverse and longitudinal bars. Comparing the results calculated by the formulas shown in the Code for Design of Concrete Structures (GB50010-2010), the results calculated by the finite element method show the gap, and it will be the key issue for further study.

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Megahid, Abd El Rahman, Mohamed M. Rashwan, Mohamed Mahmoud, and Amr Abd El Aal. "EFFECT OF SHEAR SPAN TO DEPTH RATIO ON THE STATICAL BEHAVIOR OF HSCB SUBJECTED TO TRANSVERSE LOADING." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2016.110663.

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Vegera, Pavlo, Rostyslav Vashkevych, Roman Khmil, and Zinoviy Blikharskyy. "The improved design method of shear strength of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2017-0017.

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Abstract In this article, results of experimental testing of reinforced concrete beams without transverse shear reinforcement are given. Three prototypes for improved testing methods were tested. The testing variable parameter was the shear span to the effective depth ratio. In the result of the tests we noticed that bearing capacity of RC beams is increased with the decreasing shear span to the effective depth ratio. The design method according to current codes was applied to test samples and it showed a significant discrepancy results. Than we proposed the improved design method using the adjusted value of shear strength of concrete CRd,c. The results obtained by the improved design method showed satisfactory reproducibility.

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Jeong, Chan-Yu, Hyeong-Gook Kim, Sang-Woo Kim, Kang-Seok Lee, and Kil-Hee Kim. "Size effect on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams with tension reinforcement ratio." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 4 (July 3, 2016): 582–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216658486.

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It is well known that shear stress at peak of reinforced concrete beams decreases with increasing effective depth. Thus, several existing design codes and models have included various forms of formulas considering the size effect on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams; however, past experimental researches show that tension reinforcement ratio is also associated with the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams. To examine the effect of tension reinforcement ratio and effective depth on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams, this study has conducted experiments in which the effective depth (150, 300, 500, and 780 mm) and tension reinforcement ratio (1%, 2%, and 3%) are employed as variables. Besides, a formula for the shear strength considering both variables is proposed based on data samples collected from the present experiment and previous research. The proposed formula gives predictions comparable to the results of existing shear tests. Furthermore, rational predictions are made for effective depth of beams, compressive strength of concrete, shear span-to-depth ratio, and even tension reinforcement ratio exceeding 3%.

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Wang, Zuohu, Yuan Yao, Du Liu, Yuqiang Cui, and Weizhang Liao. "Shear behavior of concrete beams pre-stressed with carbon fiber reinforced polymer tendons." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 2019): 168781401881687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018816879.

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This article presents experimental and numerical studies on the shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams pre-stressed with carbon fiber reinforced polymer tendons. A total of 23 beams were tested to analyze the failure mode and shear performance of pre-stressed concrete beams. Experimental results revealed that there were two typical shear failure modes, that is, shear compression failure and inclined compression failure. Next, the experimental and numerical results were used to explore factors influencing the failure mode and the shear behavior of the concrete beams, including the type of pre-stressing tendons, stirrup ratio, shear span–depth ratio, number of pre-stressing tendons, and their initial pretension levels. It is demonstrated that shear span–depth ratio and stirrup ratio are the two main determinants of the failure mode and shear capacity of the concrete beams pre-stressed with carbon fiber reinforced polymer tendons. However, the bonding conditions of the pre-stressing carbon fiber reinforced polymer tendons have no significant effect on the shear capacity of the pre-stressed concrete beam.

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Sahoo, Dipti Ranjan, Saurav Bhagat, and T. Chanakya Vishwanath Reddy. "Experimental study on shear-span to effective-depth ratio of steel fiber reinforced concrete T-beams." Materials and Structures 49, no. 9 (November 27, 2015): 3815–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0756-6.

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Xu, Feng, Bo Shao, Wen Qian Yin, and Shao Fei Jiang. "Analysis on Factors Affecting the Local Stability of Web of Castellated Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1002–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1002.

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Through the finite element simulation to study the local stability of the circle-castellated beams, reasonable finite element model was established using finite element software and in-depth analysis of the local stability of the circle-castellated beams on the basis of the castellated beams shear performance test. The same span of the circle-castellated beams, deformation stability performance under two point loads simulation, got deformation form of castellated beams under different pitch of holes, opening ratio, stiffener thickness, depth-thickness ratio. The local stability properties of the same span of the circle-castellated beams are directly related to opening ratio and web depth-thickness ratio changes, which has little effect with the change of hole spacing, stiffener thickness. Using the appropriate opening ratio, web depth-thickness ratio plays an important role on improving the local stability of web under the shear force and the bending moment.

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Liang, Xing Wen, Jia Ling Che, and Ming Ke Deng. "Seismic Behavior and Bearing Capacity Calculation of the Three-Layer-Closed-Restraining Stirrups Coupling Beam with Small Span-to-Depth." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 3755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.3755.

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Seismic behaviors of the nine coupling beam specimens that three-layer-closed-restraining stirrups arranged in the coupling beam section depth direction were investigated experimentally. Effects of span-to-depth, amount of stirrups and longitudinal bars of coupling beam on its failure mode are studied, as well as the hysteretic behavior, stiffness degradation, and deformation capacity. Coupling beams with span-to-depth ratio of 0.75－1.5 were observed to suffer shear failure or flexural-shear failure, no matter whether longitudinal reinforcements yield or not. The existing of three-layer-closed-restraining stirrups along the section depth of coupling beam effectively improved its deformation and energy dissipation capacity. According to the experimental results, the formulae for estimating shear strength of the coupling beams were suggested considering the effect of longitudinal reinforcements. Estimated shear strength of coupling beams agreed well with the experimental data.

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Gao, Danying, and Changhui Zhang. "Shear Strength Prediction Model of FRP Bar-Reinforced Concrete Beams without Stirrups." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 9, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7516502.

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The shear strength prediction model for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bar-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups in ACI440.1R-2015 does not consider the “size effect” and the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio and predicts the zero-shear strength for concrete members without longitudinal reinforcement. A modified shear strength prediction model for FRP bar-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups was presented in this paper. The proposed model takes into account the effect of concrete strength, size of the beam, shear span-to-depth ratio, reinforcement ratio, and modulus of elasticity of the longitudinal reinforcement and the “size effect.” The superiority of the proposed model has been evaluated by comparing the calculated shear strength of FRP bar-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups by the proposed model with the experimental results and calculated values by the models in design codes, respectively. It confirmed that the shear strength of FRP bar-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups by the proposed model was in better agreement with the experimental results.

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Li, Weiwen, Zeqi Huang, Zefeng Huang, Xu Yang, Tiansheng Shi, and Feng Xing. "Shear Behavior of RC Beams with Corroded Stirrups Strengthened Using FRP Laminates: Effect of the Shear Span-to-Depth Ratio." Journal of Composites for Construction 24, no. 4 (August 2020): 04020033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0001042.

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Chiu, Chien-Kuo, Takao Ueda, Kai-Ning Chi, and Shao-Qian Chen. "Shear Crack Control for High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Considering the Effect of Shear-Span to Depth Ratio of Member." International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials 10, no. 4 (August 23, 2016): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0161-8.

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Li, Ying Tao, Shi Yong Jiang, Bing Hong Li, Qian Hua Shi, and Xian Qi Hu. "Parametric Analysis of Shear Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Continuous FRP Rectangular Spirals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2435.

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An experimental program was carried out by the author to investigate the shear behavior of concrete beams reinforced with continuous FRP rectangular spirals, the main variables considered in the test were the shear reinforcement ratio and the shear span to depth ratio and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio. However, the experimental program is inadequate to gain insight into the shear behavior of the members. First, the quantities of test specimens were too small, only six beams were made and tested, the experimental database was so limited that the resultant analytical results and conclusions may not be sound enough. Second, not all the main factors that have influences on the shear behavior of the members have been treated as variables in the experimental program, such as the effective transverse compression stress and the concrete compression strength, the influences of these two factor on the shear behavior of the members were not clear yet through the experimental study. Considering the insufficient information provided by the experimental investigation, the parametric analysis of the shear behavior of the members was carried out, and a revised rotating-angle softened truss model for the shear analysis of the members was proposed as the analytical tool. Based on the proposed model, the influences of various factors on the shear capacity and shear failure modes of the members were discussed, related nonlinear analysis was carried out using the arithmetic of iteration and step approximation, and several FORTRAN codes were written accordingly. Through the experimental study and the parametric analysis, it is indicated that the shear capacity and the shear failure modes of the members are greatly influenced by three major factors, including the shear reinforcement ratio and the shear span to depth ratio and the effective transverse compression stress. The influences of the concrete compression strength and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio on the shear capacity are not noticeable comparatively. The shear capacity is little affected by the shear span to depth ratio in the case of the shear-tension failure, there is no noticeable correlation between longitudinal reinforcement ratio and the shear failure modes.

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Gopi, Vaka, Kagita Kumara Swamy, Arepalli Peda Gopi, and Vejendla Lakshman Narayana. "Experimental Study on Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Sandwich Deep Beam." Annales de Chimie - Science des Matériaux 44, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/acsm.440501.

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In present making of construction industry at a high pace. The tendency of world influenced the high raised buildings. In modern days one of the most common element is deep beam, constructed a small span to depth ratio. The transfer girders most of used in deep beams. In an experimental program consists of 12 deep beam specimens are carried out for shear strength behavior investigation of Reinforced Concrete sandwich deep beam concealed with insulation pad in various depths 200mm and 300mm and 400mm. in the experimental program effective length, depth, the width of the specimens, width of bearing plates, longitudinal reinforcement as 1% to maintain constantly and horizontal reinforcement as varies as 0.15% and 0.25% and 0.35%. We are considered shear span to depth ratio of deep beam is 0.95. The main aim of the experimental study the influence of longitudinal shear reinforcement along with vertical and horizontal shear reinforcement on the shear strength, shear ductility of RC sandwich deep beams of insulation pads placed at different depths.

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Suffern, Christopher, Ahmed El-Sayed, and Khaled Soudki. "Shear strength of disturbed regions with corroded stirrups in reinforced concrete beams." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 8 (August 2010): 1045–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-031.

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This paper reports experimental data on the structural performance of disturbed regions in reinforced concrete beams with corrosion damage to the embedded steel stirrups. A total of 15 reinforced concrete beams were constructed and tested. The test beams were 350 mm deep, 125 mm wide, and 1850 mm long. The beams were tested in three-point bending under a simply supported span of 1500 mm. Nine beams had the embedded stirrups subjected to accelerated corrosion. The test variables were the corrosion damage level and the shear span-to-depth ratio. The test results indicated that the corroded beams exhibited reduced shear strength in comparison to the uncorroded control specimens. The shear strength reduction was up to 53%. Furthermore, the reduction in shear strength due to the corrosion was found to be greater at smaller shear span-to-depth ratios.

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Elmenshawi, Abdelsamie, Tom Brown, and Nigel Shrive. "A fuzzy logic approach to predict seismic ductility and shear strength of reinforced concrete elements." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 9 (September 2010): 1232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-052.

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Structures require ductility to withstand severe earthquake-induced loads and remain standing. A new method for modelling seismic displacement ductility is proposed here, in which a fuzzy inference system is utilized to include the uncertainty in the parameters that influence this behaviour. The proposed model is also used to determine the lateral shear strength, a vital parameter in seismic design. Experimental data are presented for beams subjected to cyclic loading. Numerous input design parameters were considered including the beam width/depth ratio, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, the bottom/top reinforcement ratio, the concrete compressive strength, the transverse reinforcement strength, and the shear span-to-depth ratio. Output parameters included the displacement ductility and lateral shear strength. The proposed model can predict the outputs successfully with an error of ±20%, but is more effective in predicting shear strength than displacement ductility.

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Chen, Buqing, Jun Wu, Changjun Liu, Yanhua Liu, Wenmei Zhou, and Yunfeng Xiao. "Analysis for Shear Behavior of SRC Deep Beams Based on Tests, Digital Image Correlation Technique, and Finite Elemental Simulation." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 10, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5964480.

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Seven steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) deep beams were tested to investigate the shear performance, including peak loads, failure modes, mid-span deflections, and cracking patterns. The parameters include the shear span-to-depth ratio and the dimensions of the steel skeleton. The digital image correlation (DIC) technique was utilized for real-time recording of the in-plane strain and deformation. The experiment results show that the failure modes of specimens could be concluded as two forms: diagonal compression failure and shear failure. The DIC technique was proved to be efficient for tracking the development of crack patterns and recording the failure modes. The corresponding numerical analyses based on experiments were carried out and demonstrated to be a reliable method to simulate the shear response. Furthermore, the most significant parameters and their interactions were identified by finite element models parameter analysis. The steel skeleton height and shear span-to-depth ratio were the main parameters affecting shear capacity. A design formula based on the strength superposition method was presented. The calculated results were basically in agreement with the test results, where the mean and coefficient of variation were 1.04 and 0.09, respectively.

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Vainiūnas, Povilas, Vladimiras Popovas, and Andrei Jarmolajev. "PUNCHING SHEAR BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS OF RC FLAT FLOOR SLAB-TO-COLUMN CONNECTION." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2002): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2002.10531255.

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The paper presents information about theoretical investigations and based on computer modelling and analysis research methods of flat floor slab-to-column joint behaviour for punching” obtained by authors. Main principles of calculation and design methods of flat slab-to-column support under punching according to variety of international design coded are observed and compared. The design problems of beamless floor systems for shear with bending are discussed. The set of variables, such as lateral flexural reinforcement, bending moment to shear force ratio, span-to-slab depth ratio and slab thickness to column depth ratio, which may have an influence on flat two-ways floor slab punching shear strength is established and computer modelling analysis methods are applied to investigate the problem.

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Tetta, Zoi C., Lampros N. Koutas, and Dionysios A. Bournas. "Shear strengthening of concrete members with TRM jackets: Effect of shear span-to-depth ratio, material and amount of external reinforcement." Composites Part B: Engineering 137 (March 2018): 184–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.10.041.

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Li, Changyong, Minglei Zhao, Haibin Geng, Hao Fu, Xiaoyan Zhang, and Xiaoke Li. "Shear testing of steel fiber reinforced expanded-shale lightweight concrete beams with varying of shear-span to depth ratio and stirrups." Case Studies in Construction Materials 14 (June 2021): e00550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00550.

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Wang, Guo Lin, and Wen Sheng Ding. "Experimental Study on Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1045–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1045.

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Two simply supported beams with a shear span to depth ratio of 2.2 were tested, one with straight prestresssing tendons and the other without for reference. The shear behavior and the prestressing effect are focused on. The test results showed that the prestressed concrete (PC) beam has a significant arch effect, and the prestressing could greatly increase both the cracking load and the shear strength. Besides, the Modified Strut-and-Tie Model (MSTM) and the sectional design method from China Code (GB10) and ACI318-08 have also been adopted for predictions. The comparisons indicates that the MSTM can not only well predict the shear strengths of PC beams with a small shear span to depth ratio, but also well account for the prestressing effect, while the sectional design method seems so conservative due to its not properly considering the shear mechanism of such beams. It can be concluded that the MSTM is capable of predicting the shear strength of PC beams with significant arch effect and thus can be employed in practical designs.

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Liu, Zhenzhen, Yiyan Lu, Shan Li, and Jiancong Liao. "Shear response of steel fiber reinforced recycled concrete-filled steel tube columns." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 12 (April 22, 2021): 2684–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211009322.

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A comprehensive study of the shear characteristics of steel fiber reinforced recycled concrete-filled steel tube (SRCFST) columns is conducted. 50 CFST stub columns are tested with the variables of steel tube diameter-thickness ratio ( D/t), shear span-to-depth ratio (λ), axial compression ratio ( n), and concrete mix. Two types of cements, three recycled aggregate percentages, three water-cement ratios, and three steel fiber contents are considered in design of concrete mixes. The experimental results show that SRCFST columns present the coincident shear behavior of the ordinary CFST columns. As λ is increased, shear resistance shows a downtrend, while the flexural strength presents an increasing trend. Imposing axial compression or thickening steel tube contributes to an adequate safety margin in plastic period. Based on the contributions superposition method, a predicted model of the shear capacity of SRCFST columns is proposed in consideration of shear-span ratio, axial compression, and self-stress.

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Liu, Sheng Bing, and Li Hua Xu. "Finite Element Analysis of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced HPC Deep Beams under Shear Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 889–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.889.

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18 different groups of hybrid fiber (steel fiber and polypropylene fiber) reinforced HPC deep beams and 2 groups of HPC deep beams without fiber were made. The shear tests under the static load and the numerical simulation by ABAQUS were conducted. Good agreement are found between test results and simulation results.The results of finite element analysis indicate that with the increment of reinforcement ratio, the shear capacity of hybrid fiber reinforced HPC deep beams increases, but quite limited. The variation of shear capacity of hybrid fiber reinforced HPC deep beams is not obvious as the shear-span ratio changes (when ) . The increment of span-depth ratio can improve the shear capacity of hybrid fiber reinforced HPC deep beams, but only with small amplitude. All these regularities are similar to those of ordinary reinforced concrete deep beams.

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Fischer, S., M. Rosensaft, and G. Marom. "Dependence of the interlaminar shear strength on the loading span-to-depth ratio in Aramid Fibre-reinforced beams." Composites Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (January 1986): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(86)90021-7.

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Park, Cheol Woo, and Jong Sung Sim. "Shear Failure Analysis of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Newly Developed GFRP Stirrups." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.995.

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Even though the application of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) as a concrete reinforcement becomes more common with various advantages, one of the inherent shortcomings may include its brittleness and on-site fabrication and handling. Therefore, the shape of FRP products has been limited only to a straight bar or sheet type. This study suggests a new technique to use glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars for the shear reinforcement in concrete beams, and investigates its applicability. The developed GFRP stirrup was used in the concrete instead of ordinary steel stirrups. The experimental program herein evaluates the effectiveness of the GFRP stirrups with respect to different shear reinforcing ratios under three different shear span-to-depth testing schemes. At the same shear reinforcing ratio, the ultimate loads of the beams were similar regardless the shear reinforcing materials. Once a major crack occurs in concrete, however, the failure modes seemed to be relatively brittle with GFRP stirrups. From the measured strains on the surface of concrete, the shear stresses sustained by the stirrups were calculated and the efficiency of the GFRP stirrups was shown to be 91% to 106% depending on the shear span-to-depth ratio.

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Al-Bayati, Nabeel A., Bassman R. Muhammed, and Muroj F. Oda. "Effect of Shear Span to Effective Depth Ratio on the Behavior of Self-Compacting Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Containing Openings Strengthened with CFRP." Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 26, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.1.001.

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Results of test on seven simply supported self-compacting reinforced concrete deep beams, including six of these beams containing circular openings in center of load path are reported in this paper. The objective of the tests was determined the influence of, changing shear span to effective depth ratio a/d, the existence of circular openings in shear span and using inclined strips of carbon fiber polymer (CFRP) on behavior of deep beams. The general trend in crack pattern, the load-deflection response, and the mode of failure of reinforced SCC deep beams were also investigated. All specimens had the same geometry, details of the flexure and shear reinforcement in both vertical and horizontal directions and they were tested under symmetrical two-point loads up to failure. The experimental results revealed that the web openings within shear spans caused an important reduction in the deep beam capacity by 50% when compared with the corresponding solid beam. The increase a/d ratio from 0.8 to 1.2 decreases the ultimate load by 21.7% and 22.5 % for the reference unstrengthened beam and strengthened beam, respectively, also it was found that the externally inclined CFRP strips in deep beams increased the ultimate strength up to 39.5%, and enhanced the stiffness of deep beams with openings.

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Xiang, Kai, Guo Hui Wang, and Bi Zhao. "Finite Element Analysis of Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams after Fire." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.474.

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Shear strength and stiffness of fire-damaged reinforced concrete (RC) beams were researched. The nonlinear finite element method (FEM) was developed to simulate shear strength of fire-damaged RC beams. Considering mechanical properties deterioration of concrete and steel reinforcing bar, the parameters of fire-damaged RC beams, including fire exposure time, shear span to depth ratios, concrete strength, diameters of stirrups and spacing of stirrups, were analyzed. Based on numerical analysis, the change of shear strength and stiffness of fire-damaged RC beams were identified. The results showed that shear strength and stiffness of fire-damaged RC beams changed under different parameters. With increase of fire exposure time or increase of shear span to depth ratio or decrease of concrete strength, shear strength and stiffness of fire-damaged RC beams descended obviously. With decrease of diameters of stirrups or increase of spacing of stirrups, shear strength of fire-damaged RC beams descended gradually, but stiffness of fire-damaged RC beams had little change.

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Vegera, Pavlo, Rostyslav Vashkevych, and Zinoviy Blikharskyy. "Fracture toughness of RC beams with different shear span." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817402021.

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This article presents the results of experimental investigation of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement on the shear. In researching, the variable parameter was relative span to effective depth ratio, which acquired the values a/d=2, 1.5, 1. The testing program involves testing of each beams samples twice. Beams were tested by the static loading of applied force at two points. Experimental results have shown the difference between the experiments of twin beams above 5 - 9%. The obtained results indicate an increase of the bearing capacity with a decrease of relative span to the effective depth ratio. The first inclined crack disclosed in mid-height cross section, at the load 50 kN at an angle equal to 45°. With increasing loading, the width of crack increased and the crack propagation occurred to the top surface of the testing sample. On occurrence of limit width of crack wmax=0.4 mm, another crack was opened in the direction from the loading point to the edge of beam support. The limit values of the crack opening width are fixed at 71 - 84% of the load carrying capacity of the samples. The effect of increasing the shear strength, according to the serviceability, is similar to the increasing of the bearing capacity and close by the value.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shear span-to-depth ratio'

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