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Journal articles on the topic 'Sheep Lambs'
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1
Alexander, G., D. Stevens, and LR Bradley. "Fostering in sheep: an exploratory comparison of several approaches." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 4 (1989): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890509.
Full textAbstract:
Six potential methods for fostering lambs were investigated. Three involved transferring soft paraffin, dilute detergent solution or a hessian coat from a ewe's own lamb to a potential foster lamb. The effectiveness of placing own lamb's wool in a mask worn by the foster ewe was also tested, together with washing lambs in detergent solution. In the sixth procedure, untreated foster lambs were merely confined with the foster ewe. The first 3 methods, which attempted to transfer odour between lambs were 80-93% successful, and transfer of soft paraffin and coats resulted in earlier acceptance of alien lambs than complete washing or confinement alone. The effectiveness of a ewe mask containing own lamb's wool was intermediate. The initial application of soft paraffin, prior to transfer, also appeared to increase the attractiveness of alien lambs to ewes. Some flock differences in ease of fostering were encountered.
2
Petrovic, Milan, Violeta Caro-Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Vukasin Stefanovic, Bogdan Cekic, and Ivan Cosic. "Quantitative genetic analysis of variability and relationship of lambs body weight traits in population of indigenous Pirot sheep." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 36, no. 3 (2020): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah2003271p.
Full textAbstract:
Quantitative genetic analysis of variability and relationship of lambs body weight traits in indigenous pirot sheep population are done. The examined lambs had high variability which very suitable for selection on a larger weight. There is a high and very significant correlation between the body weight of lambs with 30 and 60 days (.969 **) and the weight with 30 and 90 days (.914 **). There is also a highly significant correlation between the weights of lambs with 60 and 90 days of age (.904 **). From our research, we can see that the first month of the lamb's life is very important for the further development of the body. There is different level of correlation between weight of lambs. This gives us an idea to say that many paragenetic factors are crucial for the growth of lambs from birth to weaning. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) is 0.845 which means that 8.45% of the lamb's body weight variance at 90 days is determined by the variance of the set of predictor variables (PI-60, 30, 1). Each increase in lamb body weight during the observed periods of age is associated with an increase in the score of depending variable PI90. In particular, any increase in lamb body weight at birth by 1 kg is associated with an increase in lamb body weight from 90 days by 0.238 kg.
3
Jaborek, Jerad R., Henry N. Zerby, Macdonald P. Wick, Francis L. Fluharty, and Steven J. Moeller. "Effect of energy source and level, animal age, and sex on the flavor profile of sheep meat12." Translational Animal Science 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 1140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa081.
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Abstract The effects of dietary energy source, energy level, sheep age, and sheep sex on flavor and off-flavor intensity were evaluated. Consumer panelists, with previous lamb-eating experience, assessed lamb flavor and off-flavor intensity on a 100-point, end-anchored scale (0 = very mild to 100 = very intense), with off-flavor being defined as anything different than lamb flavor. Lamb longissimus thoracis (LT) and whole, boneless ground shoulder (GS) formed into patties were evaluated. Trial 1 was a randomized complete block design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sheep age (ewe lambs, yearling ewes, and mature ewes; n = 16/age) and ad libitum access to diets [alfalfa pellets (AP) or whole-shelled corn (WSC100)] were treatments. The LT from mature ewes had a greater (P ≤ 0.02) off-flavor intensity when compared with yearling ewes and ewe lambs. Ground shoulder from sheep raised on AP had a greater lamb flavor (P ≤ 0.04) and off-flavor (P ≤ 0.04) intensity than GS from sheep consuming WSC100. Trial 2 was a randomized complete block design with a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Three dietary treatments [AP, WSC100, and restricted intake of whole-shelled corn to 85% of ad libitum (WSC85)], lamb sex (ewes and wethers; n = 48/sex), and lamb age [short fed, 177 ± 16.6 d of age and 93 ± 20.5 d on feed (DOF); long fed, 294 ± 7.0 d of age and 219 ± 3.8 DOF]. Flavor intensity of the LT was greater (P ≤ 0.05) from lambs offered AP when compared with lambs offered WSC85, whereas lamb flavor of the LT from lambs fed WSC100 was intermediate and not different from the lamb flavor of the LT of lambs fed AP or WSC85. The LT of long-fed lambs had a greater (P ≤ 0.01) lamb flavor and off-flavor intensity when compared with short-fed lambs. Lambs offered AP resulted in a GS with greater lamb flavor intensity (P ≤ 0.01) when compared with lambs offered WSC85 and WSC100, with no diet influence on GS off-flavor intensity. Long-fed lambs produced GS with a greater lamb flavor (P ≤ 0.01) and off-flavor (P ≤ 0.01) intensity when compared with GS from short-fed lambs. Results from the two trials indicate lamb flavor and off-flavor intensity were greater from sheep offered a high-forage (AP) diet when compared with a high-concentrate (WSC) diet. Lamb flavor intensity increased as age of the sheep at harvest increased, suggesting dietary management and associated age-related effects at harvest will influence consumer perception of lamb flavor.
4
Ptáček, Martin, Jaromír Ducháček, Luděk Stádník, and Milena Fantová. "Analysis of Genotype, Dam’s Litter Size and Their Interaction on Selected Productive Traits of Origin Wallachian and Sumava Sheep in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 2 (2017): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765020473.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study was to evaluate interaction effect of genotype and dam’s litter size on selected productive traits of origin Czech sheep breeds. The data was provided by the Union of Sheep and Goat Breeders in the Czech Republic and contained the whole active purebred population of Wallachian and Sumava sheep in the Czech Republic in 2015. Selected productive traits with affiliation to ewes ‘reproductive and lambs’ growth performance were analyzed. Statistical evaluation of was conducted using SAS 9.3. (SAS/STAT® 9.3., 2011), GLM procedure. No significant differences were detected among Wallachian sheep regardless theirs litter size. Significantly lower total number of lambs born (−0.26 to −0.30 lamb) or reared at 14 days (−0.15 to −0.21 lamb) and 100 days (−0.24 to −0.27 lamb) of age per ewe per lambing were observed in groups of Sumava sheep born as singles and twins in comparison to triplets and quadruplets group. Similarly, Sumava sheep of single and twins reached significantly lower total number of lambs born (−0.23 to −0.34 lamb) or reared at 14 days (−0.22 to −0.33 lamb) and 100 days (−0.28 to −0.41 lamb) of age per ewe per lambing to Wallachian sheep regardless their dam’s litter size. No significant decrease of group of Sumava sheep born as triplets and quadruplets was detected in comparison to Wallachian sheep. Moreover, higher (+2.6 kg, P < 0.05) total live weight of lambs at 100 days of age from total number of lambs reared at 100 days of age per ewe was detected in group of Sumava born as triplets and quadruplets in comparison to group of Wallachian sheep born as twins. Both sheep breeds are useable in the crossing with other sheep breeds in specified conditions. Results of presented study suggested also potential aim breeding process in Sumava sheep.
5
Horrell, Ian. "Suckling in Intensive Hill Sheep and in Sheep Housed Intensively Indoors." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017451.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, an increasingly high proportion of the country's ewes have been housed indoors for lambing, penned at high population densities. When observing suckling, for other purposes (Horrell et al. , 1987), we noticed that there seemed to be frequent disturbances of the normal suckling routine. The general pattern of suckling in extensive conditions has been described (Ewbank 1967). It involves suckling at fairly regularly intervals, with uninterrupted sucking for a period of 1-5 mins (in the first week) declining to 10-25 seconds in older lambs, until either the ewe moves away or the lamb ceases spontaneously; lambs rarely attempt to suck at unrelated ewes and twins tend to suck together. In contrast, we saw many attempts by lambs in indoor pens to suck at unrelated ewes, and ongoing suckling often seemed to be disturbed early on by alien lambs intruding, aggression on lambs by the ewe, lambs knocked off by other ewes, and other external events. If these differences are considerable, Intensive lambing conditions may have important implications for the efficiency of milk interchange. This project was designed to compare systematically the pattern of suckling in extensive and intensive conditions and to quantify the Incidence of various disturbances of suckling.
6
Dwyer, C. M., and A. B. Lawrence. "EFFECTS OF MATERNAL GENOTYPE AND BEHAVIOUR ON THE BEHAVIOURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR OFFSPRING IN SHEEP." Behaviour 137, no. 12 (2000): 1629–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853900502754.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSignificant breed differences in grazing, activity, social and other affiliative behaviours are known to exist in sheep. The roles of maternal and offspring genotype in determining the development of breed-specific behavioural differences in lambs were investigated using embryo-transfer. Two breeds of sheep (Suffolk and Scottish Blackface) were chosen as they differ markedly in social and affiliative behaviours. Sixty ewe-lamb pairs (15 each of the four combinations of ewe and lamb) were observed over the first 3 days after lambing, then when the lambs were aged between 2-5 months old and during the first 6 weeks after weaning. Lamb breed was the main factor affecting lamb activity at birth and play behaviour over the first postnatal days, with Blackface lambs being significantly more active than Suffolk lambs. Lamb sucking behaviour during this period, however, was significantly affected by ewe breed with a higher frequency of sucking interactions observed with Suffolk ewes. When out at grass the two breeds of ewe differed in their use of the field, with Blackface ewes using upland areas whilst Suffolk ewes were found almost exclusively in the lowland parts. Ewes also differed in their spatial relationship to their lamb, with Blackface ewes maintaining a closer relationship to their lamb than Suffolk ewes, regardless of lamb breed. Blackface ewes were also more active than Suffolk ewes and were more frequently observed grazing. The breed of their mother significantly influenced the behaviour of the lambs, and their spatial relationships to other sheep, both before and after weaning. Lambs with Blackface mothers were more active than lambs with Suffolk mothers and this difference persisted after weaning. Blackface-reared lambs also had a shorter nearest neighbour distance after weaning, aggregated into smaller subgroups and were significantly more likely to be in upland areas of the field, regardless of lamb breed, than lambs reared by Suffolk ewes. Maternal influence, therefore, plays an important role in shaping the behaviour of their offspring in sheep, although neonatal lamb activity is not affected by maternal behaviour.
7
Alexander, G., D. Stevens, and LR Bradley. "Fostering in sheep: experiences with the use of neatsfoot oil." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 6 (1987): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870771.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports the results of 3 studies on variables associated with the use of neatsfoot oil for substitutive or additive fostering of lambs. In the first study, neatsfoot oil was applied at the rate of 60 mL/kg of liveweight to 3-day-old lambs from Merino and Border Leicester x Merino ewes, and the lambs were exchanged between pairs of ewes of the same breed 3.5, 7 or 24 h later. The proportion of ewes accepting the alien lamb from the other ewe of the pair within 17 h generally increased with the period from application to exchange. Crossbred ewes accepted the foster lambs more readily than did the Merinos. Acceptance rates with batches of neatsfoot oil produced by different methods were similar. We found no advantage in smearing the ewe's nose with neatsfoot oil at the time the oil was applied to the lamb. Additive fostering in 20 ewes that accepted the alien lambs and were left with their own lambs was 95% successful and appeared permanent. In the second study using similar methods, with lambs of 28 crossbred ewes anointed 24 h prior to exchange, no advantage was found in presenting the foster lamb to the ewe at night over presentation during the day. Most foster lambs were accepted within 12 h, and all ewes reaccepted their own lambs after a 13 h absence. The acceptance rate of foster lambs by the crossbred ewes ranged from 70 to 83%. In the third study, 27 Merino ewes whose lambs were anointed with neatsfoot oil 7-40 h after birth, were presented with freshly anointed foster lambs 24 h later. The rate of acceptance of the foster lambs within the next 24 h was 74%,but many ewes required prolonged restraint before reaccepting their own lambs after 5-26 h separation. The results show that most ewes can be induced to accept foster lambs 1-2 days post partum, if their offspring have been liberally coated with neatsfoot oil for 24 h, and then substituted with neatsfoot-treated foster lambs. For additive fostering, the ewes' offspring should be returned within a few hours.
8
Brash, LD, NM Fogarty, and AR Gilmour. "Reproductive performance and genetic parameters for Australian Dorset Sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 2 (1994): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940427.
Full textAbstract:
Reproductive performance of ewes in a large Dorset stud flock is reported. The data included 2488 ewes with 10016 joining records over 25 years. Average performance for reproductive traits were: fertility 92%, litter size 1.31, neonatal lamb survival 91%, lamb survival to weaning 85%, with overall lambs born 1.20 and lambs weaned 1.02 per ewe joined. Differences between breeds (Poll Dorset and Dorset Horn), season of birth (spring and autumn) and season of joining (spring and autumn) were significant for most reproduction traits. Linear and quadratic regressions for age of ewe at joining were highly significant for all traits (P < 0.001) with maximum performance between three and six years of age. Estimates of heritability for ewe reproductive traits were: 0.062 � 0-02 for number of lambs born and 0.04 � 0.01 for number of lambs weaned per ewe joined, and component traits, 0.02 �0 -01 for fertility, 0 08 � 0 -02 for litter size and 0.00 � 0.01 for lamb survival. Estimates of repeatability were less than 0.14 for all the reproduction traits, which resulted in substantially higher predicted heritabilities when repeated records were used. Heritability estimates for average ewe lifetime performance, with approximately four records, were 0.08 � 0 06 for lambs born, 0.12 � 0.05 for lambs weaned, 0.08 � 0.04 for fertility, 0.l9 � 0 -04 for litter size and zero for lamb survival. The genetic correlations between litter size and lambs born and weaned were close to unity, whereas those for fertility were lower and declined from lambs born (0.6l � 0.22) to lambs weaned (0-45 � 0.30). The estimated heritability for ewe longevity, defined as the number of years the ewe remained in the breeding flock, was 0.00 � 0.03. The potential for genetic improvement in reproductive rate is discussed in relation to other reports in the literature and in the context of the roles of the Dorset breed in the Australian lamb industry. Increased reproductive rate in Dorset flocks impacts on stud profitability and the rate of genetic improvement from selection for other traits such as liveweight. The parameter estimates derived will be used in compiling breed-specific parameter sets for genetic evaluation in LAMBPLAN.
9
Nenadovic, Katarina, Nikola Cobanovic, Marijana Vucinic, Dejan Bugarski, Tomislav Mikus, Eva Voslarova, Manja Zupan-Semrov, Miroslav Kjosevski, and Nedjeljko Karabasil. "Welfare and meat quality of lambs." Veterinarski glasnik, no. 00 (2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl210126006n.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, in many parts of the world, greater importance has been given to lamb meat as well as to the intensive production of lamb and sheep, due to demand for this type of meat at affordable prices. In Serbia, similar to most European countries, the structure of total sheep meat production comprises about 70% lamb meat and 30% sheep meat. This study assessed resource-based measures on 11 dairy sheep farms and investigated, in a total of 30 lambs, the effects of sex, the presence of bruises and pneumonia in carcasses, and carcass and meat quality. Carcass (carcass length, thigh length, croup width, subcutaneous fat thickness, presence of bruises) and meat quality (pH, temperature, drip, thawing and cooking losses, color, and meat quality classes) traits were measured post mortem. The most common deficiencies on farms were high stocking density, poor hygienic conditions, dirty drinkers, and lack of outdoor access. Regarding sex differences, higher prevalences of carcass bruises and severe pneumonia were recorded in male lambs. Meat pH (pH45min), sensory color score, and prevalence of dark, firm and dry (DFD) meat were higher in lambs with carcass bruises. The occurrence of quality defects (DFD meat) was higher in lambs with severe pneumonia. It can be concluded that it is necessary to improve the welfare conditions on the lamb farms and pre-slaughter conditions in order to achieve better lamb meat quality.
10
Geenty, K. G., F. D. Brien, G. N. Hinch, R. C. Dobos, G. Refshauge, M. McCaskill, A. J. Ball, et al. "Reproductive performance in the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus using artificial insemination across different sheep-production environments in southern Australia." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11323.
Full textAbstract:
The present paper covers reproductive performance in an artificial-insemination (AI) program of the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus with 24 699 lambs born at eight locations in southern Australia across five lambings between 2007 and 2011. Results from AI with frozen semen compared well with industry standards for natural mating. Conception rates averaged 72%, and 1.45 lambs were born per ewe pregnant for Merino ewes and 1.67 for crossbreds. Lamb deaths averaged 21% for Merino ewes and 15% for crossbreds and 19%, 22% and 20% for lambs from ewes that were mated to terminal, Merino and maternal sire types, respectively. Net reproductive rates were 82% for Merino ewes and 102% for crossbreds. From 3198 necropsies across 4 years, dystocia and starvation-mismothering accounted for 72% of lamb deaths within 5 days of lambing. Major risk factors for lamb mortality were birth type (single, twin or higher order), birthweight and dam breed. Losses were higher for twin and triplet lambs than for singles and there was greater mortality at relatively lighter and heavier birthweights. We conclude that reproductive rate in this AI program compared favourably with natural mating. Lamb birthweight for optimum survival was in the 4–8-kg range. Crossbred ewes had greater reproductive efficiency than did Merinos.
11
Caro-Petrovic, Violeta, Milan Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Irina Sycheva, Bogdan Cekic, and Ivan Cosic. "Interrelation between body weights of sire, dam and their lambs at early stage of growth." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 36, no. 2 (2020): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah2002205c.
Full textAbstract:
Records of female lambs and their parents of the Mis sheep breed have used. All animals are approximately have weaned at 90 days of age. Descriptive statistics, paired sample test, paired differences, measures of association, correlations and regression of body weights between female lambs and their parents have done. A complementary least body weights at 30 days and weaning between dams and lambs but utmost weight at 30 days, the lambs were higher while at weaning, the dams had higher weight. It can observe that the averages on body weights the rams were the highest, followed by lambs and the lowest the dams? body weights. The coefficient of determination of R2 varies from low to high, indicating that the lamb's body weight has more influenced by other factors that we have not considered. There were significant correlations between lamb body weight at birth and sire/dam body weight at birth. The results showed highly significant correlations of lamb's body weight at 30 days with dams but with sires, positive and very low. There had positive but no significant correlation between lamb body weight at weaning and sire body weight at weaning. Lamb body weight at weaning and dam body weight at weaning are highly correlated.
12
Santos, Rogério Pereira dos, Gilberto De Lima Macedo Junior, Simone Pedro da Silva, Luciano Fernandes de Sousa, and Marina Elizabeth Barbosa Andrade. "Inclusion of propylene glycol in the diet of sheep and its effect on their lambs’ protein and mineral metabolites." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 39, no. 3 (July 14, 2017): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.35101.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of propylene glycol (PG) added to the water sheep drank during lactation on protein and mineral metabolites of their suckling lambs. We assessed 24 lambs born to sheep fed levels of propylene glycol in the water (0; 1.5; 3.0 and 4.5%). The sheep were subdivided according to a completely randomized design, in a split-plot scheme. There was no interaction effect between lamb age and amount of PG provided to the sheep on the concentration of protein and mineral metabolites of the lambs. The concentration of total protein, globulin, and albumin: globulin ratio, uric acid and creatinine in the lambs was not affected by the inclusion of PG (p > 0.05). The concentration of urea and magnesium in the lambs presented a quadratic response as a function of the addition of PG; there was linear response for albumin concentration. The addition of PG to the sheep’s diet and the lambs’ age affect the concentration of protein and mineral metabolites in the lambs. However, using PG to feed lactating sheep does not have negative effects on the lambs’ blood parameters, as evidenced by the absence of nutritional deficiency (protein and minerals) in the suckling lambs.
13
Alexander, G., D. Stevens, and LR Bradley. "Fostering in sheep: fostering lambs onto ewes whose lambs have died soon after birth." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 6 (1987): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870765.
Full textAbstract:
Fostering, in which the odour of the foster lamb was made similar to that of the ewe's own lamb, was attempted with Merino and crossbred (Border Leicester x Merino) ewes whose lambs had been killed 30 min post partum to simulate natural early post partum death. Hessian coats were fitted at the time of death to the lambs of 11 ewes, and 2-1 8 h later the coats were transferred to foster lambs which were then presented to the respective ewes. The dead lambs of another 11 ewes were smeared with neatsfoot oil at the time of death and were left with their mothers for 2-18 h at which time they were substituted by foster lambs freshly smeared with neatsfoot oil. In another group of 11 ewes the skin of the dead lamb was draped about a foster lamb that was given to the ewe 2-18 h post partum. Foster ewes accepted 73 and 91% respectively of lambs treated with hessian coats or neatsfoot oil, compared with 36% in control ewes with untreated lambs, while fostering by the traditional shepherd's method of draping the skin of the dead lamb over the foster lamb was 100% successful. However, the success rates in the 3 treatments were not significantly different. Some success was also achieved in a supplementary group of 8 ewes when application of neatsfoot oil to the dead lamb was delayed until about 2 h prior to fostering. There was no indication that success rates were influenced by the genotype of the ewe or by restraining ewes overnight with the lamb having access to the udder. The traditional method of skinning the dead lamb appears to be the method of choice, because the dead lamb does not have to be found and treated prior to fostering.
14
Wilmshurst, J. F., R. Greer, and J. D. Henry. "Correlated cycles of snowshoe hares and Dall’s sheep lambs." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 5 (May 2006): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-051.
Full textAbstract:
We tested the hypothesis that the number of surviving lambs counted in mid-summer from a Dall’s sheep ( Ovis dalli Nelson, 1884) population on Sheep Mountain, Yukon, Canada, is correlated to the density of snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) in the surrounding boreal forest. We examined correlations between the number of lambs and the number of snowshoe hares at different phases in the 10-year snowshoe hare cycle. There were significant cross-correlations between the ratio of lambs to nursery sheep and hare densities with 1- and 2-year time lags. Lamb numbers also showed clockwise rotation with respect to hare densities when points were joined chronologically. Simple population models suggest several relationships: when hare densities are high, lamb population growth rates are inversely related to hare densities; during the low phase of the hare population cycle, lamb population growth rates show density-independent fluctuations. In the absence of compelling evidence for direct interactions between Dall’s sheep and hares, we hypothesize that the inverse relationship between lamb population growth and hare density is mediated indirectly by shared predators.
15
Viviers, Marlize Z., Jan P. I. Bekker, Barend V. Burger, Niel J. le Roux, John Morris, and Maritha le Roux. "Characterization of amniotic fluid of Dohne Merino ewes (Ovis aries) and its possible role in neonatal recognition." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 70, no. 5-6 (May 1, 2015): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2014-4120.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Amniotic fluid (AF) was investigated as a possible source of the neonatal recognition cue that plays a crucial role in ewe–lamb bonding in sheep. A total of 70 of the 133 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), previously identified in the cranial wool of neonatal Dohne Merino lambs, was also identified in AF collected individually from neonatal twins. As in the case of the wool of neonatal lambs, the VOC profiles (GC-MS) of the AF of twins were remarkably similar. However, the VOC profiles of the AF differed from that of the wool VOCs of the same lambs. The VOCs that best represent the total variance in the AF and wool of neonatal lambs were not identified as ligands of the AF proteins. These observations suggest that it is unlikely that the neonatal recognition cue of sheep could be a maternal label derived from the AF in which a lamb is born, and that the neonatal recognition cue is probably produced by the lamb. Taking cognizance of the temporal changes that take place in the quantitative composition of the cranial wool VOCs, we hypothesize that components of the neonatal recognition cue are already produced by the lamb well before its birth and that the quantitative composition in which these volatiles are released into the AF does not correspond to the composition of the recognition cue of the lamb at its birth. When grooming the newborn lamb, its mother removes AF containing incorrect chemical information from her lamb’s body and this affords her enough time to learn its personal recognition cue.
16
Bjelanovic, M., V. Grabez, G. Vucic, A. Martinovic, L. R. Lima, B. Markovic, and B. Egelandsdal. "Effects of different production systems on carcass and meat quality of sheep and lamb from Western Balkan and Norway." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 31, no. 2 (2015): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1502203b.
Full textAbstract:
The identification of meat quality characteristics from selected breeds grazing in specific regions is particularly relevant to achieve a marketing advantage. Longisimus thoracis at lumborum (LTL) from the indigenous Western Balkan (WB) sheep - VlasickaPramenka (VP) sheep and lambs, and Pivska Pramenka (PP) sheep grazing in Bosnia & Herzegovina (B&H) and Montenegro (MN), respectively, was compared regarding carcass and meat qualities to the crossbred Norwegian white sheep (NWS) - sheep and lambs, grazing in wide Hardangervidda and Jotunheimen regions where the lamb meat is marketed as gourmet meat. The WB sheep had lower average carcass weights and antioxidant capacity, higher ultimate pH, intramuscular fat and n-6/n-3 ratio, but better tenderness and color stability compared to NWS. The WB lambs were lighter, had higher n-6/n-3 ratio, lower antioxidant capacity and became more easily rancid despite a higher fat ?-tocopherol content. The marketing advantage of WB meat is its tenderness properties while NO's NWS lambs displayed a better nutritional profile.
17
Dikmen, S., I. I. Turkmen, H. Ustuner, F. Alpay, F. Balci, M. Petek, and M. Ogan. "Effect of weaning system on lamb growth and commercial milk production of Awassi dairy sheep." Czech Journal of Animal Science 52, No. 3 (January 7, 2008): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2357-cjas.
Full textAbstract:
To determine the effect of weaning system on Awassi sheep milk production and lamb growth, 68 Awassi ewes and their lambs (<i>n</i> = 104) were assigned to one of the following treatment groups a) after 3 days from birth (MIX), ewes were separated from their lambs during the evening for 15 h and milked once daily in the morning, and their lambs were allowed to suckle for 9 h during the day or b) ewes were not milked and suckled by their lambs (DY60) during the first 60 days of lactation. Ewes and their lambs were assigned to the groups according to ewe’s age, parturition date, sex of the lamb and birth type. All lambs were weaned at 60 days of age and the ewes were milked twice daily. Milk yield was recorded fortnightly and milk fat composition was recorded monthly. The birth weight of lambs was recorded in the first 2 hours and they were weighed fortnightly until 240 days of age. Average lactation lengths (including suckling and milking) in MIX and DY60 group were similar (171.21 ± 5.40 and 168.36 ± 4.87 days, respectively). Differences between MIX and DY60 group in commercial milk yield (103.25 ± 7.93 and 63.59 ± 5.41 kg, respectively) and milk fat yield (5.88 ± 0.64 and 3.62 ± 0.31 kg, respectively) were highly significant (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Growth performance of lambs was similar in both groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05), however, male lambs were heavier and grew faster than female lambs until weaning (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and 90 days of age (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The effect of birth type at 210 days of age for the female lambs in MIX group was found to be statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and the mean weight of single born female lambs was 40.39 ± 1.27 kg, and 41.09 ± 1.22 kg for twin born female lambs. The effects of ewe&rsquos age for female lambs in MIX and DY60 group and birth type for the lambs in DY60 group were insignificant (<i>P</i> > 0.05). These results show that Awassi lambs can be successfully reared in MIX suckling system and ewes produce more commercial milk than in the traditional rearing system (DY60), which offers a potential increase in economic return for Awassi sheep producers.
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Monori, István, Alajos Fehér, and Róbert Czimbalmos. "Feeding questions of organic lamb fattening." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 33 (June 5, 2009): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/33/2864.
Full textAbstract:
Organic farming has done in line with conventional farming in the Karcag Research Institute of DU CASE since 2001. Our organic farming activities were enhanced with sheep farming andgrassland management in 2005. We started our study of technology development of organic lamb fattening and the treatment of its economic effect this year. Our goal was to developthe elements of the technology to reach a more efficient organic lamb fattening. We also studied what economic advantages the organic sheep farming could realize in the present economic environment. Our studies were carried out between 2005 and 2007. We established that the excellent ewe feeding (good quality of fodder and silage) can decrease the lamb feeding cost between the 2nd and 8th weeks of the lambs’ life. We established that theyield of convention lambs are significantly higher than the yield of organic lambs. The cost of organic lamb fodder is significantly lower than the cost a convention lamb fodder, but the profit was higher in the case of convention lamb fattening. The organic lamb fattening technology (without extra price) is not competitive to the conventional lamb fattening technology. We think that the profitability of organic lamb fattening is significantly less than of the convention one. The organic lamb price should be 20-30% higher than the other price to be competitive. Unfortunatly there is only a little demand for organic lamb and there is no difference between the prices of organic and convention lambs, so organic sheep farmers have worse economic circumstances than conventional sheep farmers.
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Wiese, S. C., D. W. Pethick, J. T. B. Milton, R. H. Davidson, B. L. McIntyre, and D. N. D'Souza. "Effect of teeth eruption on growth performance and meat quality of sheep." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03258.
Full textAbstract:
Two hundred and forty sheep of about 15 months of age were used in this experiment to investigate the impact of dentition category on objective and sensory meat quality. The lambs were categorised into 3 dentition classes (category 1, milk teeth; category 2, partial eruption of permanent teeth; and category 3, both permanent teeth fully erupted to the height of the central lateral milk teeth). The study was conducted on 3 farms with flocks representing the 3 genotypes that contribute to the prime lamb industry in Australia: Farm A (Merino × Merino), Farm B (first cross, Border Leicester sire × Merino ewe), and Farm C (second cross, Poll Dorset sire × Border Leicester–Merino ewe). Of the 19 meat quality attributes assessed in sheep from the 3 farms, only 1 attribute in sheep from 1 farm showed a significant deterioration in meat quality as a result of lambs progressing from dentition category 1 to 2. This was an increase in myoglobin content in lambs from Farm B (P<0.05). Many of the attributes assessed showed changes that could be considered as positive for meat quality as the lambs progressed from milk teeth to partially erupted and even to fully erupted teeth. Lambs from dentition category 3 had heavier carcass weights and higher dressing percentages compared with lambs from dentition categories 1 and 2 (P<0.05). The M. longissimus dorsi et lumborum (LD) of lambs from dentition category 3 had a lower surface lightness (L*) value, a higher myoglobin content and a lower cooking loss compared with lambs from dentition categories 1 and 2 (P<0.05). Consumer sensory assessment found the LD from lambs in dentition category 1 to have a lower acceptability score for tenderness compared with the LD from lambs in dentition category 3 (P<0.05) and a lower acceptability score for juiciness, a lower consumer rating and a lower sheep eating quality score compared with the LD from lambs in dentition categories 2 and 3 (P<0.05). The results indicate that for the range of sheep studied, meat from young sheep with partially erupted teeth is unlikely to be inferior in eating quality than the meat currently classified as lamb.
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Caro-Petrovic, Violeta, Milan Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Nikola Delic, Bogdan Cekic, and Zorica Bjelic. "The effect of service ram on reproductive performances and birth weight of lambs." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 34, no. 3 (2018): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1803303c.
Full textAbstract:
The investigation was conducted in population of Mis breed of sheep, divided into three groups. For reproduction had use rams of Ile de France breed. Induction and synchronization of oestrus was done off-season in October. The percentage of lambing sheep, sheep fertility, and number of lambs acquired per father, sex and birth type of lambs were observed. Ram 1 had a highest number of ewes lambed with an excellent percentage of mating success and highest fertility rate of ewes with differences on fertility rate of 17% (between group of ewes in ram 1 and ram 2), 36% (group of ewes in ram 1 and ram 3) and 19% (group of ewes in ram 2 and ram 3).The highest birth weight were on lambs born single from ram 3, born twins from ram1, triplets of ram 3. For the lambs born quadruplets (unfortunately only in rams 1 and 2 with one lamb of each was alive) the lamb of ram 2 was higher in birth weight. The male and female lambs of ram 3 got the highest birth weight while the female lambs of ram 1 acquired the lowest birth weight. The highest average birth weight of lambs was born single, male; born triplets? male from lambs of ram 3 having an average birth weight of 6.36kg and 4.0 kg but got the lowest for lambs born twins on female lambs 3.66 kg. The male lambs of ram 1 got the highest average birth weight on lambs born twins with an average birth weight of 4.38 kg but the lowest on triplets born 3.3kg. Unfortunately only one each of the two ram with lambs born quadruplets alive both male and the higher was that lamb of ram 2 with a birth weight of 3.3 kg. Result showed the influence of ram on number of lambs born and lambs? birth weight. Between subject effects Father* birth type showed a significant effect on birth weight of lambs.
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Dwyer, C. M., A. B. Lawrence, and S. C. Bishop. "The effects of selection for lean tissue content on maternal and neonatal lamb behaviours in Scottish Blackface sheep." Animal Science 72, no. 3 (June 2001): 555–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052097.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBritish hill sheep are required to give birth to and rear their lambs under harsh extensive conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic selection for increased (LEAN) or decreased (FAT) carcass lean content in the Scottish Blackface breed over 7 years had affected the ability of ewes to rear lambs by altering the expression of maternal and neonatal lamb behaviours. The behaviour of 61 ewes (32 LEAN and 29 FAT) and their 119 lambs were recorded at parturition and over the first 8 weeks of life. Overall there were very few effects of selection on the behaviour of the ewes. LEAN ewes were significantly faster than FAT ewes to start grooming their lambs after birth and FAT ewes tended to withdraw more frequently from their lambs than LEAN ewes. There was, however, a highly significant effect of selection line on lamb behaviour. LEAN lambs were significantly quicker than FAT lambs to perform all righting movements (median latency to stand (mins): LEAN = 11·7, FAT = 23·4, P < 0·01), were more likely both to suck (percentage that sucked: LEAN = 81·0%, FAT = 57·1%, P < 0·05), and to play within the first 2 h of birth. The higher rate of sucking in LEAN lambs persisted over the first 3 days after birth (percent observations where lambs were sucking: LEAN = 7·8 (s.e. 0·8), FAT = 5·1 (s.e. 0·6), P < 0·05), when LEAN lambs were also significantly closer to their mothers than FAT lambs. Thereafter, there were no significant effects of ewe or lamb line on behaviours recorded up to 8 weeks after birth. Overall lamb mortality to 8 weeks was 19·3% and was not significantly affected by lamb line. However, lambs that were slow to perform early behaviours had a reduced survival to 8 weeks of age. These data suggest that, although ewe maternal behaviour has not been significantly affected by selection for lean growth, the activity of the neonatal lamb has been affected. Lamb activity was related to lamb survival, even in our indoor lambing conditions. It is likely that the speed with which newborn lambs stand and suck will be even more important for survival under extensive conditions.
22
Fahmy, M. H., and S. Robert. "Ewe and lamb behaviour at parturition in prolific and non-prolific sheep." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 77, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a96-014.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to investigate ewe and lamb behaviour at parturition in prolific and non-prolific sheep. Observations were taken on 16 Romanov (R), 16 Finnsheep (F) and 13 Suffolk (S) ewes at their first and second parturitions. Time intervals between displaying first signs of uneasiness and first contraction, rupture of foetal membranes bag and first contraction, sighting the first lamb and expulsion of the last lamb, and contact time between ewes and their litters were assessed and correlated with litter size, and litter weight at birth and at weaning. Romanov ewes had the largest litters (3.02), took longer to deliver (120.7 min), and interacted more with their lambs (30.9 min) after lambing. F and S ewes were similar in many behavioural traits despite significant differences in number and weight of lambs delivered. Prolific R and F ewes lambing single and twin lambs delivered them faster than S ewes with similar litter sizes. Duration of lambing was significantly correlated with ewe–lamb contact but only for the two prolific breeds (r = 0.51 and 0.76 for R and F, respectively). Ewe-lamb contact was also correlated with litter size (r = 0.83), litter weight at birth (r = 0.72) and at weaning (r = 0.47) but only in F ewes. For R, F, and S ewes lambing litters of one and two lambs, the average intervals between first sight of a lamb and its expulsion were 9.2, 20.8, and 25.8 min, the intervals between expulsion and standing were 37.0, 18.6, and 19.6 min, and between standing and suckling, 24.2,20.4, and 27.2 min per lamb, respectively. The average contact time between a ewe and each of her lambs was 13.1, 8.8, and 11.0 min, respectively. The corresponding intervals for R and F ewes lambing up to four lambs were 10.3 and 11.1, 43.3 and 21.4, 35.7 and 25.6, and 8.8 and 7.8 min (P > 0.05) per lamb, respectively. The data showed several differences between prolific and non-prolific sheep in behavioural traits at birth. Key words: Maternal behaviour: Lamb behaviour, Romanov, Finnsheep, Prolific sheep
23
Shrestha, J. N. B., W. J. Boylan, and W. E. Rempel. "Evaluation of sheep genetic resources in North America: Lamb productivity of purebred, crossbred and synthetic populations." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 88, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas07049.
Full textAbstract:
Lamb weights and daily gains from divergent genetic types of established purebreds, e.g., Dorset (D), Lincoln (L), Rambouillet (Ra), Suffolk (Su) and Targhee (T), and fecund-type breeds, e.g., Finnsheep (F) and Romanov (Ro), their reciprocal crosses and Suffolk sired specific cross Su(F × Ro) were evaluated. Also evaluated were lambs of the Outaouais (O) and Rideau (R) Arcott breeds and their reciprocal crosses, in addition to Synthetic I (½ F, ½ L), Synthetic II (½ D, ½ Ra) and Synthetic III (¼ F, ¼ L, ¼ D, ¼ Ra) populations. The established purebreds produced heavier lambs at birth and weaning, Arcott breed crosses gained weight more rapidly resulting in heavier lambs at 140 d, and fecund-type breeds produced lighter lambs (P < 0.05). In general, daily gains and lamb weights of all genetic types were similar, except that fecund-type breeds produced significantly lighter lambs. Lamb weights of T were most at birth, and Su at weaning and 140 d, while F lambs weighed the least (P < 0.05). Within established purebreds, Su weighed the most and D weighed the least, while L, Ra and T lambs were intermediate. Daily gains including weaning and 140-d weights of F and R cross lambs benefited from 7–9% heterosis, while the Arcott breed cross lambs not only benefited from 5–8% heterosis, but were comparable with Su lambs. At the same time, lamb performance of Su(F × Ro) was similar to the average of their parental breeds. Lambs of synthetic populations relative to the average of their respective parental breeds weighed 8–24% more at 140 d, suggesting heterosis retention. Key words: Growth, North American breeds, Finnsheep, Romanov, Arcotts, synthetic populations
24
Pesántez-Pacheco, Jose, Ana Heras-Molina, Laura Torres-Rovira, María Sanz-Fernández, Consolación García-Contreras, Marta Vázquez-Gómez, Pablo Feyjoo, et al. "Influence of Maternal Factors (Weight, Body Condition, Parity, and Pregnancy Rank) on Plasma Metabolites of Dairy Ewes and Their Lambs." Animals 9, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9040122.
Full textAbstract:
Pregnancy and lactation are challenging states that affect maternal and lamb health. In Lacaune dairy sheep, we evaluated the impact of parity, pregnancy rank, and body condition on body weight and the condition of ewes and lambs in mid-pregnancy (75 ± 5 d), in late pregnancy (142 ± 4d), and postpartum (52 ± 5d pp). Maternal age was associated with initial decreases, followed by increases, in body weight and condition. After lambing, both mature and maiden ewes lost weight and body condition. Maternal indices of glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism were within physiological values during pregnancy, but postpartum values depended on maternal parity and pregnancy rank, with multiple-pregnant ewes showing a postpartum increase in glucose and maiden sheep a postpartum increase in plasma cholesterol concentration. Male lambs were heavier than female lambs at birth, and lambs born to mothers with higher body condition scores were heavier. Lambs born as singletons were heavier than those born in litters. Maternal age and pregnancy rank did not influence lamb metabolic indicators. Sex affected plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Maternal metabolic indicators showed minimal effects on lamb phenotype. These results suggest that, when appropriately fed, dairy sheep can cover the metabolic demands of pregnancy and milk production, regardless of age and pregnancy rank.
25
Pinheiro, Jardeson de Souza, Paloma Eleutério, Samuel Pinho Silva, Caio Júlio Lima Herbster, Judite Antunes Cipriano, Vitória Vasconcelos de Oliveira, Saulo Carneiro Cardoso, et al. "Reproductive and productive characteristics of hair sheep raised in the tropical region grassland of Brazil." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): e331997287. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7287.
Full textAbstract:
We aimed to characterize the energetic profile of hair sheep (Ovis aries) raised on pasture in a tropical climate country and verify it is influence on productive and reproductive parameters. A total of 68 non-pregnant adult ewes were randomly distributed into four genetic groups (GGs) according to coat color (Red-coated Santa Inês GG – 17, Black-coated Santa Inês GG – 13, White-coated Morada Nova GG – 28 and Red-coated Morada Nova GG – 10). We collected blood samples at the beginning and at the end of the breeding season. The reproductive efficiency of the ewes was evaluated by fertility, prolificacy, lamb survival rate, and lamb body weight at birth and weaning. We performed statistical analyses using the package PROC GLM and the chi-square (χ2) test from SAS software. The genetic group influenced serum glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, prolificacy, and lamb body weight. Male lambs were heavier than female lambs at birth and weaning. Twin lambs were lighter at birth and at weaning than were single lambs. The genetic group, lamb birth rank, and sex influenced the lamb body weight at birth and weaning. This study presents important information on the reproductive efficiency of these hair sheep that are relevant to tropical climate countries. The blood parameters found in this research show that there are important metabolic differences between hair sheep in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. Morada Nova sheep with independent white coat color, higher reproductive performance in tropical conditions.
26
Slade, C. F. R. "The Practical Implications of Altering the Sheep Breeding Season." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600016834.
Full textAbstract:
The supply of lamb meat to the market varies more than other red meats. This is hardly surprising given the seasonal breeding characteristic of the great majority of sheep in this country. The Variable Premium system that currently operates in this country is designed to try and even-out the supply of ‘finished’ lamb. There is a natural spread of lambing and a wide variety of techniques used to ‘finish’ store lambs. In spite of all these factors there is still a marked shortage of lambs available particularly in the months of April and May.
27
Robertson, Susan M., and Michael A. Friend. "Performance of sheep systems grazing perennial pastures. 2. Wool quality and lamb growth." Animal Production Science 60, no. 3 (2020): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18556.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluated wool quality and lamb production from four management systems with Merino ewes grazing a perennial pasture between 2006 and 2010, using different combinations of lambing time, ram breed and percentage of summer-active pasture species. All systems were stocked at a similar midwinter rate (dry-sheep equivalents per hectare of 8, 10.2, 13, 11.2 and 11.2 in the successive seasons 2006–2010). Liveweight, condition score, C fat and eye muscle depth at weaning of both Merino and crossbred lambs were always higher (P < 0.05) for lambs born in July than those born in September. Similarly, the sale weight of lambs born in July was always higher (P < 0.05) than of lambs born in September, partly because these lambs were usually retained for longer before sale. When lambs were born in September, sheep systems that carried higher numbers of ewes per hectare at the same midwinter stocking rate produced sale weights of lambs similar to those with fewer ewes, except where systems with fewer lambs per hectare enabled lambs to be retained for longer in favourable seasons. A higher percentage of lucerne (Medicago sativa, 40% cf. 20%) increased lamb sale weights only in favourable seasons. Clean fleece weights per ewe and staple strength were similar among systems in most years (2008–2010), although mean fibre diameter was lower (P < 0.05) in both late lambing systems (with 40% and 20% lucerne). The results indicate that choice of lambing time, ram breed and the flexibility to alter lamb sale date with seasonal conditions will have a larger impact on the performance of individuals than number of ewes per hectare where systems are grazed at the same midwinter stocking rate.
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Hecker, Yanina P., Fernando Mogaburu Masson, Joaquín I. Armendano, Juan Cora, Carlos Flores Olivares, Ignacio Gual, Lais Pardini, Dadín P. Moore, Gastón Moré, and Germán J. Cantón. "Evaluation of frequency of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii,Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis spp. and transmission routes in sheep from Humid Pampa, Argentina." Acta Parasitologica 63, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0048.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the frequency of ovine specific antibodies toToxoplasma gondii,Neospora caninumandSarcocystisspp. and to estimate different transmission routes of these infections. One hundred and thirty Texel sheep and their 117 Texel lambs were included in the study. Serum samples were tested for antibodies toT.gondii,N.caninumandSarcocystisspp. using IFAT.Toxoplasma gondiiseroprevalence was 10.00% in sheep (IC95%: 4.80–15.20%), being higher in adult sheep (≥12 year) than in younger sheep (OR 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.50).N.caninumandSarcocystisspp. seroprevalences were 1.54% (IC95%: 0.00–5.70) and 72.09% (IC95%: 67.70–82.70), respectively, with no association between age and seropositivity in sheep (P>0.05).T.gondiiseroprevalence in lambs was 4.27% (IC95%: 0.61–7.94). No association betweenT.gondiiserological status in sheep and their lambs was detected (P= 0.07). TwoT.gondiiandSarcocystisspp. seropositive lambs were euthanized andT.gondiiandSarcocystisspp. DNA was detected by PCR in their tissues. In conclusion, the increase ofT.gondiiseropositivity in relationship with sheep age and the lack of association between sheep-lamb serological status, suggest that horizontal infection is the main transmission route in this flock as reported before. Due to the low number ofN.caninum-seropositive ewes no assumptions can be done about the impact of this parasite in this flock. According with previous reports, the main transmission route forSarcocystisspp. in this species in the present study was horizontal.
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Al-Nakib, F. M. S., and G. Simm. "A selection Index for hill sheep." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1989 (March 1989): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600010199.
Full textAbstract:
Apart from the MLC indices for hill sheep (MLC, 1986) and Atkins’ (1984) study for Scottish Blackface sheep, little attention has been directed towards the general implementation of selection indices in hill sheep production, despite the fact that hill sheep constitute the backbone of the British sheep industry (eg. the genetic contribution of hill sheep to lamb carcass meat was estimated at 33 per cent, to total lambs slaughtered 36 per cent, and to dams of the lambs slaughtered 56 per cent - see MLC, 1988)The purpose of this paper is to try to define appropriate breeding objectives for hill sheep that could be incorporated in a selection index, in order to improve output and efficiency of sheep production in such a limiting environment.
30
Rosa-Velazquez, Milca, Juan M. Pinos-Rodriguez, and Alejandro E. Relling. "31 Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid and methionine supplementation during late gestation on offspring growth, glucose tolerance test, and carcass characteristic in sheep." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.190.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), methionine (M) or both to ewes during late gestation on offspring growth, dry matter intake (DMI), carcass composition, and glucose and insulin metabolism (by conducting a glucose tolerance test (GTT)). Seventy-two post-weaned lambs (6 pens/treatment, 3 lambs/pen) born from ewes supplemented from gestation day 100 until lambing were used. Dam supplementation was: 1) no PUFA nor M supplementation (NFA-NM); 2) supplementation with PUFA (PUFA-NM, 1 % StrataG113); 3) supplementation with M (NFA-MET, 0.1 % rumen protected methionine, Smartamine); and 4) supplementation with PUFA and M (PUFA-MET). At weaning (60 days of age) lambs were fed a common finishing diet for 54 days, and DMI was measured daily. Lambs were weighed on weaning day (d0), d28, and d54. Twenty-four lambs (one per pen) were used for a GTT on d55. On d56, other 24 lambs were harvested for carcass characteristics measurements. Offspring data was analyzed as a 2x2x2 factorial (FA, M, and sex). Ewe supplementation affected (P < 0.1) lamb DMI. On d54 lambs born from No FA and methionine showed a greater DMI. There was a tendency for plasma glucose concentration for PUFA*MET*Time (P = 0.07) in the GGT. Lambs born from ewes supplemented with methionine had greater glucose concentration than NFA-NM born lambs, and lambs born from PUFA*MET had greater glucose concentration than the other lambs at 2m of the GGT. Dam MET supplementation decreased lamb’s insulin response (P = 0.06). Hot carcass weight (HCW) (P = 0.08) and Ribeye area (REA) (P = 0.02) were affected by treatment and sex. A tendency and a triple interaction FA*MET*Sex were observed; NFA-MET methionine had a greater HCW and a larger REA. In conclusion, lamb’s insulin response and carcass characteristics are affected by dam’s supplementation.
31
Aktaş, A. H., Ş. Dursun, Ş. Doğan, Z. Kiyma, U. Demirci, and İ. Halıcı. "Effects of ewe live weight and age on reproductive performance, lamb growth, and survival in Central Anatolian Merino sheep." Archives Animal Breeding 58, no. 2 (December 10, 2015): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-451-2015.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of premating ewe weight and age on ewe reproductive performance, lamb growth and survival in Central Anatolian Merino (CAM) sheep. <br><br> The trial included 4935 ewes and 5548 lambs from 23 breeder flocks in Eskişehir Province. The live weights (LWs) and ages of the ewes were recorded 1 week before the mating season. The number of lambs born, fertility rate, multiple birth rate (MBR), and lamb survival rate (SR) at days 75 and 120 were determined. The effects of the LW and age of the ewe were found to be important for the reproductive performance of ewes and for the lamb's growth rate (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001). Ewe MBRs and the birth weight (BW) and LW of the lambs at days 75 and 120 increased proportionally with the increase in LW in ewes prior to mating. The fertility rate and MBR were lower (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001) in 1.5-year-old ewes than in older ewes. However, lambs' SR at days 75 and 120 were not affected by the premating LW and age of the ewe. In summary, a better reproductive performance and lamb growth rate in CAM flocks may be achieved by the selection of breeding ewes from ewes weighing more than 60 kg.</p>
32
Dwyer, C. M., A. B. Lawrence, H. E. Brown, and G. Simm. "Effects of maternal uterine environment and genotype on gestation length, lambing ease and growth characteristics of lambs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600030415.
Full textAbstract:
Perinatal lamb mortality remains a major welfare and economic concern for the sheep farming industry. The vitality and teat-seeking abilities of the newborn lamb are fundamental to its survival and are likely to be greatly influenced by its physical characteristics and ease of birth. The following experiment used embryo-transfer techniques to distinguish between maternal and foetal genotype and environmental factors affecting gestation length, lambing ease and postnatal growth in two breeds of sheep with differing ewe and lamb liveweights.Thirty-eight Scottish Blackface (BF; mean liveweight (±s.e.m.) at lambing=54.25 kg ±1.03) and 41 Suffolk ewes (S; 80.33 kg ± 1.52) were given single purebred embryos obtained from 17 donor ewes and 10 sires. Embryos were transferred between ewes in a balanced design such that the following combinations were obtained: 18 BF ewes with BF lambs; 20 BF ewes with S lambs; 20 S ewes with BF lambs; 21 S ewes with S lambs.
33
Hopkins, D. L., P. J. Walker, J. M. Thompson, and D. W. Pethick. "Effect of sheep type on meat and eating quality of sheep meat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03176.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of type of lambs and hoggets on eating quality was evaluated using the M. longissimus lumborum (LL) and the M. biceps femoris (BF) from 210 animals. The animals comprised 7 types as follows: Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × (Border Leicester × Merino) (second cross unweaned lambs, mixed sex, 3–5 months of age); Poll Dorset × (Border Leicester × Merino) (second cross weaned lambs, mixed sex, 9–12 months of age); Border Leicester × Merino (BLM; first cross weaned lambs, mixed sex, 9 months of age); Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × Merino (PDM; first cross weaned lambs, wethers, 12 months of age); Merino × Merino (weaned wether lambs, 9–12 months of age); Border Leicester × Merino (BLM; first cross hoggets, mixed sex, 20 months of age); and Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × Merino (PDM; first cross hoggets, wethers, 16 months of age). The animals were sourced from a number of different properties in New South Wales (NSW) (n = 120) and Victoria (n = 90). Each carcass was subjected to high voltage stimulation (700 V) within 1 h of slaughter. All meat was aged for 5 days before freezing and was subsequently tested by consumers on a 0–100 scale for a number of attributes after cooking using a grilling procedure. The LL from sucker lambs had the lightest colour (highest L* values) with the hoggets having the darkest colour in the NSW group with differences less apparent in the Victorian group. Muscle from first cross and Merino weaned lambs had consistently higher pH levels across the 3 muscles tested (LL; M. semimembranosus; M. semitendinosus) for the NSW group with no differences detected in the Victorian group. LL meat from second cross sucker and first cross (BLM and PDM) weaned lambs had the highest overall liking score, with that from second cross weaned lambs, BLM hoggets and Merino lambs scored as intermediate, while meat from the PDM hogget group had the lowest overall liking score. A similar outcome was found for the other sensory attributes with differences between types being lower for juiciness compared with overall liking scores but they were of a similar ranking. For the BF there was some re-ranking of the overall liking scores compared with the LL, with meat from suckers and first cross PDM lambs and hoggets being intermediate in score while second cross weaned lambs and first cross BLM lambs had the highest scores. The BF from hoggets (BLM) and Merino lambs were given the lowest scores. The lower juiciness score for sucker BF contributed to this change in ranking compared with the LL.
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Claffey, Noel A., Alan G. Fahey, Vasiliki Gkarane, Aidan P. Moloney, Frank J. Monahan, and Michael G. Diskin. "Effect of breed and castration on production and carcass traits of male lambs following an intensive finishing period." Translational Animal Science 2, no. 4 (June 15, 2018): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy070.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The practice of crossbreeding using a terminal sire and the use of intact rather than castrated animals has the potential to increase the productivity of lambs produced from the hill sheep sector. The objective of this study was to compare the production and carcass characteristics of purebred Scottish Blackface (SB) and Texel cross Scottish Blackface (TXSB) ram and wether lambs fed on a concentrate diet and slaughtered at different ages. Two hundred spring born male lambs (average birth age ± SD 9.53 d) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two breeds SB (n = 100) and TXSB (n = 100) and two sexes (wether: n = 100 and ram: n = 100). Lambs were harvested following a 36 d ad libitum concentrate indoor finishing period. The study was carried out over five harvest batches between October and April. The mean ages of the lambs at harvest (n = 40; 20 TXSB and 20 SB lambs) in October, November, January, March, and April were 196, 242, 293, 344, and 385 days, respectively The TXSB lambs were heavier at slaughter than SB lambs (P < 0.001), and ram lambs were heavier at slaughter than wether lambs (P < 0.01). Improved ADG (P < 0.001), lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (which was calculated by dividing total feed intake by total weight gain; P < 0.001), and higher feed intake (P < 0.05) were recorded in TXSB lambs with consistency across the five harvest time points. Rams had greater ADG (P < 0.001) and FCR (P < 0.05) compared with wether lambs, and no differences were observed between sexes for feed intake. The TXSB (P < 0.001) lambs had higher (P < 0.001) dressing percentages compared with SB, while wether lambs had greater dressing percentages compared with rams. The TXSB lambs had heavier carcass weights (P < 0.001) with higher conformation grades (P < 0.001) and less fat cover (P < 0.001) than SB lambs, while ram lambs had heavier (P < 0.001) carcasses than wether lambs. There was greater fat cover on the loin muscles of SB (P < 0.001) and wether (P < 0.001) lambs compared with TXSB and ram lambs, respectively. The results from this study suggest that TXSB lamb’s offer hill sheep farmers a potential strategy for improved lamb production efficiency, while ram lambs offer lamb finishers increased growth rates, higher FCR, and produce a more desirable carcass than do wether lambs.
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O'Connor, C. E., and A. B. Lawrence. "Relationships between lamb vigour and maternal behaviour on sucking success at parturition." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (March 1990): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600018183.
Full textAbstract:
High perinatal mortality in sheep flocks worldwide remains a major economic and welfare issue. Maternal behaviour and lamb vigour are both considered major variables affecting lamb survival, but there is little data to describe their relative importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between lamb vigour and maternal behaviour at parturition. With the increase in hill ewes being crossed to longwool breeds there is an interest in the relative survivability of these lambs. This study compared the behaviour of Mule [Bluefaced Leicester x Blackface] lambs with purebred Scottish Blackface lambs.Data on 32 third parity single and twin-bearing Blackface ewes lambing indoors were collected by focal animal observations on the ewe's grooming behaviour. These observations included details of the time spent grooming specific areas of the lamb's body and also general activity and udder-seeking behaviour of the lambs. Observations lasted 10 minutes and were made at parturition and then at 30 and 90 minute intervals. The data was transformed by arcsin. for proportions, or log, for frequencies, and analysed by Analysis of Variance,
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GOUGOULIS (Δ.Α. ΓΚΟΥΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ), D. A., Ι. KYRIAZAKIS (Η. ΚΥΡΙΑΖΑΚΗΣ), and G. C. FTHENAKIS (Γ. Χ. ΦΘΕΝΑΚΗΣ). "Patterns of maternal behaviour of ewes and sucking behaviour of lambs." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 58, no. 1 (November 24, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14974.
Full textAbstract:
In the present article the literature of maternal and sucking behaviour of sheep is reviewed. The article is divided into five sections: (i) Preparation of the ewe - lambing, (ii) Initiation of maternal behaviour - recognition of newborn lambs, (iii) Recognition between ewe and newborn lambs (auditory stimuli and ewe-lamb recognition, visual ewe-lamb recognition, olfactory cues for maternal behaviour, haptic cues in teat seeking by newborn lambs), (iv) Other patterns of ewe - lamb behaviour (other behavioural patterns immediately post-partum, behavioural patterns during lactation) and (v) Neuro-hormonal control of maternal behaviour. In general, studies of maternal and neonatal behavior of sheep contribute to development of management practices, resulting to decreased neonatal mortality, increase of meat production and improvement of animal health and welfare. They also confirm the importance of animal ethology as a veterinary speciality.
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Conington, J., S. C. Bishop, A. Waterhouse, and G. Simm. "A genetic analysis of early growth and ultrasonic measurements in hill sheep." Animal Science 61, no. 1 (August 1995): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013552.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGenetic parameters were estimated for early lamb growth and ultrasonic measurements taken on Scottish Blackface lambs reared under extensive conditions on two Scottish hill farms. Measurements were taken on approximately 2000 lambs born to unselected ewes, and sired by 32 rams previously selected for divergent predicted carcass lean content. Heritabilities for birth weight, marking iveight (at approx. 6 weeks of age) and weaning weight (at 17 weeks) were 0·07 (s.e. 0·04), 0·02 (s.e. 0·03), and 0·14 (s.e. 0·05), respectively. Heritabilities for ultrasonic muscle and fat depths at weaning were 0·27 (s.e. 0·09) and 0·16 (s.e. 0·06), respectively. There was a strong maternal effect on weight which declined from birth with lamb age and was relatively unimportant for the ultrasonic measurements. The rearing environment of the lambs (hill pasturev.‘improved’ (or ‘inbye’) pasture) was an important environmental effect on the heritability estimate for backfat thickness, with that for lambs reared on improved pasture being twice that of hill-reared lambs. The implications of the results from this work on genetic improvement of sheep in liill environments are discussed.
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Owen, J. B., Sarah R. E. Crees, Janet C. Williams, and D. A. R. Davies. "Prolificacy and 50-day lamb weight of ewes in the Cambridge sheep breed." Animal Science 42, no. 3 (June 1986): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100018134.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe paper describes the results of the analysis of over 3000 records of Cambridge sheep kept on 11 farms over a 12-year period. The heritability of the number of lambs born per ewe increased from a low value for the 1-year-old ewes to a high value for the 3-year-old ewes; the multiple age value for 2-, 3- and 4-year-old ewes was 0·33 (s.e. 0-121). Heritability estimates for number of lambs surviving were lower, but showed the same trend of increasing values with increasing ewe age. This trend in heritability was also evident for the mean 50-day lamb weight, as a trait of the ewe, which had a multiple age value of 0·20 (s.e. 0·151). The estimates of heritability of various measures of early lamb mortality were relatively low. Date of first oestrus showed a variable heritability although the multiple age value was 0·42 (s.e. 0·149).Prolificacy was strongly correlated with various measures of early lamb mortality although the correlation with the final number of lambs weaned was positive. Prolificacy was positively correlated with the ewe's mature weight and the ewe's date of first oestrus and the genetic correlation with mean 50-day lamb weight was slightly positive.The effect of increases in prolificacy on numbers of lambs weaned was markedly curvilinear with maximum numbers of lambs weaned at an intermediate level of prolificacy.
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Wildeus, Stephan, Dahlia O’Brien, Gabriel J. Pent, and Kathryn M. Payne. "Growth Performance of Short Scrotum and Castrated Hair Sheep Lambs on Pasture During Different Seasons." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.073.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Castrated lambs tend to grow slower compared to intact males. Rendering lambs short scrotum offers an opportunity to achieve comparable growth to an intact lamb while allowing them to be co-grazed with ewe lambs. Here we evaluated lamb growth in a mixed flock of castrated (CA), short-scrotum (SS) and female (FE) Barbados Blackbelly and St. Croix hair sheep lambs. Lambs were born in December (n = 30) and April (n = 45) from the same ewe flock mated to different sires each season. Ram lambs were either rendered short scrotum or completely castrated using elastrator bands at weaning, and all lambs transitioned in dry lot for 2 mo before return to pasture. Lambs co-grazed in a rotational pasture system and were moved based on visual assessment of forage availability and were provided bermudagrass hay when forage availability was limited. Lambs were supplemented with soy hull at 3% BW to ensure diet continuity between forage environments. Ewe lambs were grown to target weights of 35 kg and males to 40 kg. Data were analyzed for sex class, breed, and season as main effects. Pasture ADG was higher (P < 0.001) in SS (132 g/d) than in CA (102 g/d) and FE (96 g/d) lambs. Age at target weight tended to be earlier (P < 0.1) in SS (261 d) than CA (291 d). December-born lambs had higher pen ADG (236 vs. 135 g/d; P< 0.001) than April-born lambs, but had similar pasture ADG (102 vs. 108 g/d). In contrast, St. Croix lambs had similar pre-pasture growth to Blackbelly lambs, but higher pasture ADG (118 vs. 94 g/d; P < 0.001) and reached target weight 40 d earlier (P < 0.001). Data indicate that the forage environment allowed differences in growth potential derived from sex type and breed to be expressed, but that soy hull supplementation likely masked seasonal differences associated with forage quality.
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Knight, Daniel R., and Thomas V. Riley. "Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Clostridium difficile Carriage in Australian Sheep and Lambs." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 18 (July 12, 2013): 5689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01888-13.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTRecently,Clostridium difficilehas been isolated from a wide variety of animals, particularly production animals, mainly cattle and pigs. Concurrently, the incidence ofC. difficileinfection (CDI) in humans has increased in the community, with some suggestions that food-borne transmission ofC. difficileis occurring. Interestingly, sheep and lambs appear not to have been investigated for carriage/colonization withC. difficile. The aim of this project was to determine the prevalence of carriage ofC. difficilein sheep and lambs in Australia by culturing fecal samples. A total of 371 sheep and lamb fecal samples were received in seven batches from three different geographic areas in eastern Australia and two in Western Australia. The overall rate of detection in sheep and lambs was low (4.0%); however, carriage/colonization in lambs (6.5%) was statistically significantly higher than that in sheep (0.6%) (P= 0.005). Seven distinct PCR ribotype patterns were observed, three of which were known international ribotypes (UK 056 [n= 1], UK 101 [n= 6], and UK 137 [n= 2]), while the remainder were unable to be matched with our available reference library. This low rate of carriage/colonization in Australian ovines suggests they are unlikely to be a major source/reservoir of human infections.
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Zeljic, Krstina, Dragan Stanojevic, Vladan Bogdanovic, Cvijan Mekic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, and Nenad Stojiljkovic. "Estimation of growth traits heritability coefficients in sheep." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 35, no. 4 (2019): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1904347z.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this research paper was to estimate heritability coefficients (heritability) of growth traits in the lambs of indigenous Sjenicka Pramenka breed. The research was conducted on a sample which included 421 lambs the descendants of 15 sires and 187 sheep-dams, raised on 3 private farms in Kolubarski district, Serbia. The effect of fixed factors was studied while the values of heritability coefficients were estimated within the frame of SAS software package. A statistically highly significant (**=P<0.01) effect on studied traits had following parameters: sex, year of lambing, type of lambing, farm and method of applied reproductive technology. By means of REML method and using the sire model the values of heritability coefficients were determined for the following traits: average lamb birth weight (BW0), average lamb body weight at 30 days (BW30) and average lamb body weight at 90 days (BW90) being: 0.0355; 0.4642 and 0.3018, respectively.
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Farrell, Lydia J., Paul R. Kenyon, Stephen T. Morris, and Peter R. Tozer. "The Impact of Hogget and Mature Flock Reproductive Success on Sheep Farm Productivity." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (November 21, 2020): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110566.
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Breeding hoggets (ewe lambs aged four to 16 months) at 8 to 9 months of age has a number of potential benefits, including increased lamb production and profitability. However, the majority of hoggets in New Zealand are not bred due to producer concerns regarding their variable reproductive success and increased feed demand. Simulation modelling was used to quantify effects of hogget breeding on sheep numbers, lamb production, sheep feed demand, and sheep enterprise cash operating surplus (COS) compared with a flock not breeding hoggets. Hogget weaning rate (HWR) was modelled at 0%, 60%, 80%, and 100% and combined with mature ewe flock weaning rates (FWR) of 132% and 150%, while maintaining total annual sheep feed demand. For each FWR, increased HWR reduced total sheep numbers, increased the proportion of sheep feed demand for lamb production, increased total numbers of lambs weaned, and increased COS. Therefore, achieving even a relatively low HWR of 60% can improve sheep enterprise profitability for a given FWR. However, COS was lower with FWR = 132% and HWR = 100% than with FWR = 150% and HWR = 0%. The results indicate farmers who do not currently breed their hoggets may wish to improve their FWR before considering HWRs.
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Fiss, C. F., P. G. Sullivan, and R. A. Kemp. "Factors affecting productivity of sheep flocks in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 71, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas91-002.
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Ontario Sheep Flock Improvement Program records from 1985 to 1989 on 216 670 lambs in 4894 flocks were used for this study. Flocks were required to have progeny from at least five ewes and the lams were grouped by breed type, ram breed, ewe size and birth year, all within producer. Death loss, percent of lambs fostered and effects associated with ewe age and size accounted for a significant portion of the variation in flock productivity. The ranking of breeding system and ram breed effects varied among mating programs. Flock productivity increased with increasing number of lambs born per ewe and ewe size. Flocks with ewes that averaged 59 mo of age had the highest productivity. Flock productivity increased 60 kg flock−1 (2.6 kg ewe−1) from 1985 to 1989. Key words: Sheep, flock productivity
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Butswat, I. S., O. A. Osinowo, T. A. Adegbola, and S. T. Mbap. "INFLUENCE OF BIRTH WEIGHT, YEAR AND PARITY ON PREWEANING MORTALITY IN YANKASA SHEEP." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 22, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v22i2.2419.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of lamb birth weights, year of
birth, and parity on pre-weaning death were observed in Yankasa sheep over a period of 4 years (1989-1992) in Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Of the 150 lambs observed, birth weight fell into 4 categories; upto 1.5; 1.6-2.0; 2.1-23 and 2.6 -3.0 Kg, with percentage deaths in each being 33, 34,16 and 0, respectively. The overall mean birth weight was 23±0.03, and overall percentage mortality was 18%. Significant correlation (p < 0.05, r = 0.49) was observed between birth weights and deaths incidence. Significant year and parity differences existed in lamb birth weights (P.< 0.05). 90% of the ewes lambing were in their 1st parity, while 6% and 4% respectively were in the 2nd and 3rd parities. Mean birth weights were heaviest for lambs with ewes in their 2nd parity 2.6 (0.46), followed by those in their 1st parity 23 (0.27) and those in their 3rd parity 2.2(0.27). Percentage mortality increased with parity, being 14,27 and 50 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd parities respectively. Chi-square analysis showed no significant differences between the ratio of ram to ewe lambs, though ram lambs were significantly heavier than ewe lambs. Low lamb birth weight was found to be a major cause of pre-weaning mortality in Yankasa sheep in Misau, Nigeria.
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Johns, C., J. Johns, and D. R. Stevens. "Increasing lamb survival and lamb weaning weight through feeding high fecundity crossbred sheep." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 16 (January 1, 2016): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.16.2016.3244.
Full textAbstract:
The monitoring of a high fecundity ewe flock in the Te Anau basin demonstrates the process of improved feeding to improve lamb survival and growth to weaning. Feed budgeting was changed from traditional to tailored feed requirements based on measured ewe liveweight with wastage of 15% factored in. Feed allocation was changed from monthly to weekly increases during late pregnancy, and set stocking was delayed until the planned start of lambing. This increased late pregnancy feed allocation from 99 kg DM/ewe to 128 and 144 kg DM/ewe for twin and triplet bearing ewes, respectively. Ewe body condition score was maintained at between 3 and 3.5, with condition score loss between scanning and lambing being reduced to zero. Lamb survival and lamb liveweight gain to weaning increased in both twin and triplet bearing ewes. Pregnancy scanning increased from 200 to 222 lambs per 100 ewes, between 2007 and 2012, while lambing percentage (lambs weaned/ ewe mated) rose from 132% to 165%, with more ewes rearing lambs and rearing multiples. Lamb wastage declined from 37% in 2007 and 2008, to 25% in 2011 and 2012, though scanning percentage rose by 20%. Lamb weights increased from 27.5 to 36 kg/lamb at 100 days of age. The increase in the liveweight of lambs and ewes at weaning reduced the calculated feed requirements over summer and autumn, potentially releasing 70 to 110 kg DM/ewe to provide feed to meet the extra winter feed requirements. Keywords: ewe body condition score, feed allocation, lamb survival, lamb weaning weight
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Palacios, C., I. Revilla, M. A. Lurueña-Martínez, S. Álvarez, and J. A. Abecia. "Technical-economical aspects of the Alcarreña sheep farms in Spain and characterization of their meat products." Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales 58 (May 31, 2016): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2078633616000011.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryAlcarreña is an endangered Spanish sheep breed (8 009 breeding animals) characterized by its adaptation to a particularly harsh environment and by having a sustainable pasture-based, small-scale, production model. The first objective of this study was to identify the technical-economic aspects of the Alcarreña farms, based on information obtained from surveys. The second objective was to quantify the influence of slaughter weight (12, 19 and 23 kg) on the sensory characteristics of the lamb meat. The mean age of the Alcarreña sheep farmers was lower than the average age of Spanish sheep farmers; however, generational renewal is not assured because most of the farmers’ children were still in school. Mean flock size was higher than the average Spanish sheep flock. Alcarreña sheep were reared under an extensive management system, grazed year-round and had a reproductive schedule of three lambings within 2 years. The carcass and meat qualities of the 12 and 19 kg lambs did not differ significantly, although the lightest lambs had the softest meat and the clearest subcutaneous fat. The most important differences between the lighter lambs and the 23-kg lambs were in meat and fat colour and lipid composition. Among the sensorial characteristics, the 19-kg lambs had the lowest meat fibrosity, and meat colour and slaughter weight were negatively correlated.
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Wildeus, Stephan, Dahlia O’Brien, Gabriel J. Pent, and Kathryn Payne. "91 Growth performance of landrace hair sheep lambs under different forage environments." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz397.170.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Lambs for the project were produced under semi-continuous lambing using accelerated mating in a dual flock system of landrace hair sheep (Barbados Blackbelly and St. Croix). Lamb cohorts were born every 4 mo. At 4 mo of age, lambs were rotationally stocked on pastures consisting of either tall fescue, summer and winter annual forage mixtures, or were provided bermudagrass hay in sacrifice pastures. Lambs were rotated based on forage availability, and forage was sampled for nutrient analysis at each rotation. Soyhull pellets were provided at 1–3% BW. Lambs were removed as they reached 36 kg. Weights were recorded (n = 1945) from 7 cohorts between December 2017 and September 2019 as lambs moved between forage environments (6 to 40 d). The grazing lamb flock was made up of two cohorts (initial size: 25–53 lambs) at any given time. The effect of breed, sex, cohort class (4–7 mo, and 8–11 mo), and forage environment (classified as cool and warm season annual, perennial pasture, and hay) on ADG was determined. Mean ADG was higher in St. Croix than Barbados Blackbelly (105 vs. 93 g/d; P< 0.05), and ram than ewe lambs (115 vs. 84 g/d; P < 0.001). Older cohorts in each grazing period had higher ADG than younger cohorts (105 vs. 94 g/d; P < 0.05). There was a wide range in ADG for individual weigh periods (16 to 310 g/d), but warm and cool season annuals and hay feeding forage environments produced similar ADG (110–117 g/d); while summer perennial forage grazing was lower (56 g/d; P < 0.001). Supplementing forage with soyhull may have masked differences in lamb growth between forage environments despite higher crude protein and TDN in the annual forages (11 to 20%; and 55 to 85%) than in hay and perennial summer grazing (8 to 10%; and 50 to 55%).
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Dwyer, C. M., and A. B. Lawrence. "Interactions between ewe and lamb genotype and sucking success in neonatal lambs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600033183.
Full textAbstract:
Perinatal lamb mortality remains a major economic and welfare concern in sheep farming with 80-90% of pre-weaning lamb losses occur in the immediate postnatal period (Haughey, 1993). One of the predominant factors in the death of neonatal lambs is failure of ewe-lamb bonding leading to delay or lack of sucking. Successful sucking requires the co-ordinated expression of appropriate behaviour from both the ewe and lamb. Previously we have demonstrated an interaction between ewe and lamb breed in the rate of successful sucking (Dwyer et al., 1996) with Blackface lambs having a higher rate than Suffolk lambs but also a higher rate with Suffolk ewes than with Blackface ewes. In the present study we investigated the role of ewe responses to lamb sucking attempts in determining the sucking success of neonatal lambs.
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Lutfi, Nourhan. "Pharmacological studies on Ceftiofur in sheep." Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal 20, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35943/mvmj.2019.01.1011.
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This work was done on twenty young male and female lambs (15-60 days old) in a special sheep grazing herds in Dakahlia governorate. Lambs were divided into two groups; each one has ten animals .The first group non-vaccinated, kept as a control group without any interference by any medication. The second group lamb was injected with ceftiofur (2mg/kg B.W) s/c at posterior aspect in the middle third of ear as single dose. Results revealed a significant decrease in total erythrocytic count, hemoglobin content, total leukocytic count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, eosinophil count, globulin, ALT, total protein, Albumin ;creatinine and urea level. On other hand, results recorded a significant increase in PCV, MCH, MCHC, AST, neutrophil count and platelets count in ceftiofur treated group compared to control one.
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Jacob, R. H., P. J. Walker, J. W. Skerritt, R. H. Davidson, D. L. Hopkins, J. M. Thompson, and D. W. Pethick. "The effect of lairage time on consumer sensory scores of the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum from lambs and lactating ewes." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03215.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to determine whether lairage time influenced consumer sensory scores of the eating quality of lamb and mutton. Commercial consignments of lambs and ewes were subjected to 3 different lairage periods (slaughter on arrival, slaughter after 1 day or slaughter after 2 days in lairage) at one site in Victoria (experiment 1) and another site in Western Australia (experiment 2). In experiment 1, 3 sucker and 3 carry-over lamb consignments, each consisting of 36 lambs, were sourced from a public saleyard. In experiment 2, 3 ewe and 3 lamb consignments, each consisting of 150 animals were sourced directly from the farm of origin. There was no primary effect of lairage time on consumer sensory scores of the M. longissimus et lumborum from either lambs or ewes at the 2 locations. Sucker lambs were tenderer than carry-over lambs in experiment 1. There was an interaction between age class and lairage time for tenderness in experiment 2, such that lamb meat was tenderer than ewe meat when slaughtered after 1 day in lairage. Ewes produced loins with shorter (0.6 µm, P<0.05) sarcomere length, higher (4.9%, P<0.05) intramuscular fat percentage and darker (P<0.05) meat colour compared with those from sucker lambs. Hue angle was higher (2°, P<0.01) for meat from sheep killed after 1 day in lairage compared with meat from sheep killed on arrival or after 2 days in lairage in both experiments.