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Journal articles on the topic 'Sheep – Reproduction – Endocrine aspects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Klowden, Marc J. "Endocrine aspects of mosquito reproduction." Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 35, no. 4 (1997): 491–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6327(1997)35:4<491::aid-arch10>3.0.co;2-5.

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2

Notter, DR. "Genetic Aspects of Reproduction in Sheep." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 43 (July 2008): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01151.x.

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3

Tomatis, Veronica, Christian Battipaglia, and Alessandro D. Genazzani. "Thyroid, Adrenal, PRL Impairments and Ovarian Function." Endocrines 2, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2030021.

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Endocrine axes (prolactin, thyroid and adrenal axes) directly and indirectly modulate and drive human female central functions, mainly behavior and reproduction. Though having distinct abilities, they greatly act both at peripheral as well as at neuroendocrine levels, so as to participate in the control of reproduction. Any event that changes these balanced activities produces specific peripheral signals that induce abnormal functions centrally, thus triggering menstrual disorders such as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. It is clear that the knowledge of the relationships that exist between the d

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4

Wang, Wei, Xiaoyun He, Ran Di, Xiangyu Wang, and Mingxing Chu. "Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Long Non-Coding RNAs Associated with mRNAs in Sheep Thyroid Gland under Different Photoperiods." Genes 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2022): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13040606.

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The thyroid gland is a vital endocrine organ involved in the reproduction of animals via the regulation of hormone synthesis and secretion. LncRNAs have been proven to play important roles in reproductive regulation; however, the associated mechanism in the thyroid gland has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated to identify photoperiod-induced lncRNAs and mRNAs in the thyroid gland in Sunite ewes by comparing the expression profiles of short photoperiod (SP) and long photoperiods (LP). A total of 41,088 lncRNAs were identified in the thyroid gland through RNA-Seq. Functional analy

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Vissio, Paula G., María P. Di Yorio, Daniela I. Pérez-Sirkin, Gustavo M. Somoza, Kazuyoshi Tsutsui, and Julieta E. Sallemi. "Developmental aspects of the hypothalamic-pituitary network related to reproduction in teleost fish." Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 63 (October 2021): 100948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100948.

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6

Oddy, VH. "Regulation of muscle protein metabolism in sheep and lambs: nutritional, endocrine and genetic aspects." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 5 (1993): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930901.

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Muscle protein accretion, as with the body in general, increases with feed intake. Protein balance across hind limb muscles occurs at energy intakes less than energy balance in the animal as a whole. There is considerable between-sheep variation in muscle protein accretion, and in the relative rates of protein synthesis and degradation, which are in part due to inherent differences in growth potential. Lambs selected for high weight at weaning deposit proportionately more nitrogen in the body than those selected for low weight at weaning. Inherently faster growing lambs have lower rates of pro

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7

He, Xiaoyun, Lin Tao, Yingjie Zhong, Ran Di, Qing Xia, Xiangyu Wang, Xiaofei Guo, et al. "Photoperiod induced the pituitary differential regulation of lncRNAs and mRNAs related to reproduction in sheep." PeerJ 9 (April 21, 2021): e10953. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10953.

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The pituitary is a vital endocrine organ that regulates animal seasonal reproduction by controlling the synthesis and secretion of the hormone. The change of photoperiod is the key factor affecting the function of the pituitary in animals, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we studied the transcriptomic variation in pars distalis (PD) of the pituitary between short photoperiod (SP) and long photoperiod (LP) using RNA sequencing based on the OVX+E2 sheep. 346 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 186 DE-mRNA were found in the PD. Moreover, function annotation analysis indicated that the re

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8

De Rensis, Fabio, Giorgio Morini, Irina Garcia-Ispierto, and Fernando López-Gatius. "To What Extent Does Photoperiod Affect Cattle Reproduction? Clinical Perspectives of Melatonin Administration – A Review." Annals of Animal Science 20, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 797–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2020-0012.

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AbstractThe seasonality of reproduction in most mammals is dictated by photoperiod, temperature and nutrition. Melatonin, mainly synthesized in the pineal gland, is generally accepted as the active mediator of photoperiod responses including reproduction. While non-pregnant heifers and cows show continuous sexual activity and are therefore not seasonal breeders, it has been suggested that photo-periodicity may influence the appearance of puberty in heifers and the onset of parturition. Further, the light/dark ratio may influence endocrine patterns of gestation and a shorter light period correl

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9

Wishy, A. B. "Some aspects of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep in Subtropics IV. Puberty and sexual maturity." Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie 91, no. 1-4 (April 26, 2010): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1974.tb01157.x.

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10

Blache, Dominique, Song Zhang, and Graeme B. Martin. "Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by metabolic status in male sheep." Reproduction Nutrition Development 46, no. 4 (July 2006): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2006019.

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11

Brancia, Carla, Paola Nicolussi, Pietro Cappai, Giorgio La Corte, Roberta Possenti, and Gian-Luca Ferri. "Differential expression and seasonal modulation of VGF peptides in sheep pituitary." Journal of Endocrinology 186, no. 1 (July 2005): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.05992.

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The inducible gene vgf and its peptide products are relevant to the neuroendocrine regulation of homeostasis and reproduction in rodents. We show here that in the anterior pituitary of female sheep the somatotrope, gonadotrope, and lactotrope/thyrotrope cell populations each expressed vgf mRNA, but displayed a distinct profile of VGF immunoreactive peptides. ProVGF C-terminus and VGF443–588 immunoreactivities were found in lactotropes and thyrotropes, often in a subcellular location restricted to the Golgi area and suggestive of rapid peptide (or proVGF) release upon biosynthesis, while high m

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12

Chetrite, Gérard S., and Bruno Fève. "Preface to special issue on Peripheral and Central Control of Human Reproduction: Endocrine Aspects – Part 1." Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2015-0059.

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Chetrite, Gérard S., and Bruno Fève. "Preface to special issue on Peripheral and Central Control of Human Reproduction: Endocrine Aspects – Part 2." Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2016-0011.

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14

Pascal, Constantin, Traian Stefan Atanasiu, Ionica Nechifor, and Costica Cristian. "Precocious Utilisation at Reproduction of Female Youth Sheep From Ţigaie Breed." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 73, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12255.

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Ovine rearing represents a domain being in a full development process in Romania. At the base of this tendency are the solicitation of local and external markets for basic production, respectively meat and milk. To record favourable economical results farmers wants to apply the most optimal technologies so, economical efficiency to reach a maximum level for each female which is part of the livestock (Pascal, 2015, Daraban 2006 ). One of those technologies refers also at precocious utilisation at reproduction of a female youth. So, the aim of effectuated research was represented by studying of

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15

Holmberg, BJ, CD Morrison, and DH Keisler. "Endocrine responses of ovariectomized ewes to i.c.v. infusion of urocortin." Journal of Endocrinology 171, no. 3 (December 1, 2001): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1710517.

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Urocortin is a novel corticotropin-releasing factor-like peptide, first isolated from the rat midbrain, which has anorexigenic properties, possibly associated with its involvement in the stress axis. Urocortin has been implicated in blood pressure regulation, ACTH release and feed intake, but its role as an integral component of the reproduction-nutrition axis has not been examined. The present experiment was designed to determine the effects of i.c.v. infusion of urocortin on feed intake and endocrine profiles of LH, GH, IGF-I, cortisol and leptin in ovariectomized ewes. Ewes were fitted with

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16

Ferasyi, Teuku R., P. Hugh R. Barrett, Dominique Blache, and Graeme B. Martin. "Modeling the Male Reproductive Endocrine Axis: Potential Role for a Delay Mechanism in the Inhibitory Action of Gonadal Steroids on GnRH Pulse Frequency." Endocrinology 157, no. 5 (February 24, 2016): 2080–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1913.

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Abstract We developed a compartmental model so we could test mechanistic concepts in the control of the male reproductive endocrine axis. Using SAAM II computer software and a bank of experimental data from male sheep, we began by modeling GnRH-LH feed-forward and LH-T feedback. A key assumption was that the primary control signal comes from a hypothetical neural network (the PULSAR) that emits a digital (pulsatile) signal of variable frequency that drives GnRH secretion in square wave-like pulses. This model produced endocrine profiles that matched experimental observations for the testis-int

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17

Ralph, C. R., M. N. Lehman, R. L. Goodman, and A. J. Tilbrook. "Impact of psychosocial stress on gonadotrophins and sexual behaviour in females: role for cortisol?" Reproduction 152, no. 1 (July 2016): R1—R14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-15-0604.

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This review focuses on the importance of cortisol in mediating the inhibitory effects of psychosocial stress on reproduction in females. In particular, we have summarized our research in sheep where we have systematically established whether cortisol is both sufficient and necessary to suppress reproductive hormone secretion and inhibit sexual behaviour. Our findings are put into context with previous work and are used to develop important concepts as well as to identify productive further lines of investigation. It is clear that cortisol is necessary to inhibit some, but not all, aspects of r

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18

Santos, Jadson Pinheiro, Simone de Jesus Melo Almeida, Claryce Cunha Costa, Erick Cristofore Guimarães, Erivânia Gomes Teixeira, and Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho-Neta. "Reproductive aspects of freshwater fishes exposed to pesticide-contamined environments: A systematic review." Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade 8, no. 19 (2021): 1155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21438/rbgas(2021)081935.

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Fish are the predominant group of vertebrates in aquatic environments, and they are directly affected by the presence of contaminants in water bodies, which undergo changes in the structure and function of communities and dynamics of the populations. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that analyze the reproductive aspects of freshwater teleosts in environments contaminated by pesticides. A systematic search for scientific articles was carried out from 2000 to 2019 using the "Web of Science" database, using the descriptors "fish reproduction", "contaminat

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19

Leyria, Jimena, Samiha Benrabaa, Marcela Nouzova, Fernando G. Noriega, Lilian Valadares Tose, Francisco Fernandez-Lima, Ian Orchard, and Angela B. Lange. "Crosstalk between Nutrition, Insulin, Juvenile Hormone, and Ecdysteroid Signaling in the Classical Insect Model, Rhodnius prolixus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010007.

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The rigorous balance of endocrine signals that control insect reproductive physiology is crucial for the success of egg production. Rhodnius prolixus, a blood-feeding insect and main vector of Chagas disease, has been used over the last century as a model to unravel aspects of insect metabolism and physiology. Our recent work has shown that nutrition, insulin signaling, and two main types of insect lipophilic hormones, juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysteroids, are essential for successful reproduction in R. prolixus; however, the interplay behind these endocrine signals has not been established.

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20

Adams, N. R., and S. M. Liu. "Principles of nutrient partitioning for wool, growth and reproduction: implications for nematode parasitism." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 12 (2003): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03007.

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The capacity of sheep to withstand and repel intestinal parasites is a neglected component of effective parasite control. The immune response is strongly influenced by the nutritional status of the sheep. However, we are unable take advantage of this to develop effective control programs because we have neither an adequate understanding nor appropriate quantitative data on the impacts of protein and energy on sheep nutrition. This paper reviews some aspects of current knowledge about the impact on immune responsiveness of nutrient flows within the animal as well as hormonal partitioning mechan

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21

Sharma, T. P., D. Blache, C. E. Roselli, and G. B. Martin. "Distribution of aromatase activity in brain and peripheral tissues of male sheep: effect of nutrition." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 7 (2004): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd04018.

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Conversion of testosterone to oestradiol plays a major role in the feedback inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion in male sheep but little is known of the distribution or control of aromatase activity among central and peripheral tissues. Changes in activity at those sites may mediate alterations in the effectiveness of negative feedback following, for example, a change in nutrition. Using a tritiated-water assay, we quantified aromatase in several tissues in mature male sheep, assessed their contribution to oestradiol production, and tested whether activity at each site was affected by a nutr

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22

Chalfun Guimaraes Okamoto, Priscylla Tatiana, Ana Luísa Holanda de Albuquerque, Silvano Salgueiro Geraldes, André Nanny Vieira Le Sueur, Alessandra Melchert, Maria Lúcia Gomes Lourenço, Carmel Rezende Dadalto, et al. "INTERMITTENT HEMODIALYSIS, AN ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT FOR OVINE WITH ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE." Veterinária e Zootecnia 27 (December 11, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2020.v27.445.

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a syndrome composed of numerous comorbidities such as the failure of excretion of toxins and nitrogenous compounds from metabolism, as well as the failure to maintain endocrine, water, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis in all mammals. As it is a non-regenerative and progressive disease, any endogenous or exogenous insults in the organ in question will lead to the intensification of all these mentioned disorders associated with decreased urinary output. Several studies in humans and animals recommend the use of renal replacement therapy, especially in those w

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23

Whitlock, BK, JA Daniel, RR Wilborn, TH Elsasser, JA Carroll, and JL Sartin. "Comparative Aspects of the Endotoxin- and Cytokine-Induced Endocrine Cascade Influencing Neuroendocrine Control of Growth and Reproduction in Farm Animals." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 43 (July 2008): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01180.x.

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24

Masters, David G. "Practical implications of mineral and vitamin imbalance in grazing sheep." Animal Production Science 58, no. 8 (2018): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17761.

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Rapid progress in research on mineral functions in biological systems over the past 20 years has provided new and unexplored implications for health and production in grazing livestock. The strong interaction among calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and vitamin D influences the absorption, utilisation and status of these nutrients, particularly Ca and Mg. An imbalanced intake of Ca, Mg, P, Na, K and vitamin D is common in ruminants grazing pastures and vegetative crops. The interaction may modify susceptibility to clinical hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia an

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25

Robertson, John A. "Oocyte Cytoplasm Transfers and the Ethics of Germ-Line Intervention." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 26, no. 3 (1998): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1998.tb01422.x.

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The February 1997 announcement of the birth of Dolly, the sheep cloned from a mammary cell of an adult ewe, has drawn attention to the growing ability to select, alter, or otherwise manipulate the genome of offspring. Prior to Dolly, ethical discussion of genes in reproduction had focused on negative selection: carrier screening, prenatal diagnosis, and abortion or embryo discard. After Dolly, ethical debate will have to consider the direct or positive use of genetic selection or alteration technology.The principal use of genetic selection techniques in human reproduction (reprogenetics) likel

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Silva, Severiano R., Laura Sacarrão-Birrento, Mariana Almeida, David M. Ribeiro, Cristina Guedes, José Ramiro González Montaña, Alfredo F. Pereira, et al. "Extensive Sheep and Goat Production: The Role of Novel Technologies towards Sustainability and Animal Welfare." Animals 12, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12070885.

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Sheep and goat extensive production systems are very important in the context of global food security and the use of rangelands that have no alternative agricultural use. In such systems, there are enormous challenges to address. These include, for instance, classical production issues, such as nutrition or reproduction, as well as carbon-efficient systems within the climate-change context. An adequate response to these issues is determinant to economic and environmental sustainability. The answers to such problems need to combine efficiently not only the classical production aspects, but also

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Rojas, Joselyn, Mervin Chávez-Castillo, Luis Carlos Olivar, María Calvo, José Mejías, Milagros Rojas, Jessenia Morillo, and Valmore Bermúdez. "Physiologic Course of Female Reproductive Function: A Molecular Look into the Prologue of Life." Journal of Pregnancy 2015 (2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/715735.

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The genetic, endocrine, and metabolic mechanisms underlying female reproduction are numerous and sophisticated, displaying complex functional evolution throughout a woman’s lifetime. This vital course may be systematized in three subsequent stages: prenatal development of ovaries and germ cells up untilin uteroarrest of follicular growth and the ensuing interim suspension of gonadal function; onset of reproductive maturity through puberty, with reinitiation of both gonadal and adrenal activity; and adult functionality of the ovarian cycle which permits ovulation, a key event in female fertilit

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Wiener, G., Carol Woolliams, and J. Slee. "A comparison of inbred and outbred sheep on two planes of nutrition. 3. A note on the effects on semen characteristics before and after exposures to acute cold and heat." Animal Science 46, no. 2 (April 1988): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100042409.

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Traits associated with fitness such as aspects of reproduction (for a review see Lamberson and Thomas, 1984) and lamb survival (Wiener, Woolliams and Macleod, 1983) are seriously affected by inbreeding. Homeostatic control is an important component of fitness in animals. In an experiment reported by Wiener, Woolliams and Slee (1988) and Slee, Wiener and Woolliams (1988), inbred (I) rams were far less able to resist acute cold than outbred (O) rams. The opportunity was taken in this same experiment to examine the effects of inbreeding, plane of nutrition (high (H) or low (L)) and exposures to a

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29

Wójcik-Gładysz, Anna, Marta Wańkowska, Alina Gajewska, Tomasz Misztal, Marlena Zielińska-Górska, Michał Szlis, and Jolanta Polkowska. "Effects of intracerebroventricular infusions of ghrelin on secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone in peripubertal female sheep." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 12 (2016): 2065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd16028.

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Reproduction depends on mechanisms responsible for the regulation of energy homeostasis and puberty is a developmental period when reproductive and somatic maturity are achieved. Ghrelin affects the activity of the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis under conditions of energy insufficiency. An in vivo model based on intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions was used to determine whether centrally administered acyl ghrelin affects transcriptional and translational activity of FSH in peripubertal lambs and whether ghrelin administration mimics the effects of short-term fasting. Standard-fed lam

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30

Comninos, Alexander N., and Waljit S. Dhillo. "Emerging Roles of Kisspeptin in Sexual and Emotional Brain Processing." Neuroendocrinology 106, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481137.

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The emergence of kisspeptin as a crucial regulator of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis over the last 14 years has answered many questions as to the control of reproductive hormone secretion from the hypothalamus. More recently, the role of kisspeptin outside the HPG axis has received increasing attention in the hope of delineating the pathways linking various sensory and social behaviours to reproduction. These studies, in a range of species from zebrafish to humans, have identified a role for kisspeptin in behavioural networks related to reproduction including olfaction, audition,

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31

Meier, Ursula, and Axel M. Gressner. "Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin." Clinical Chemistry 50, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.032482.

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Abstract Background: Recent studies point to the adipose tissue as a highly active endocrine organ secreting a range of hormones. Leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin are considered to take part in the regulation of energy metabolism. Approach: This review summarizes recent knowledge on leptin and its receptor and on ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin, and emphasizes their roles in pathobiochemistry and clinical chemistry. Content: Leptin, adiponectin, and resistin are produced by the adipose tissue. The protein leptin, a satiety hormone, regulates appetite and energy balance of the body

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32

Zoltán, Kun Imre, Kun Ildikó, and Kolcsár Melinda. "Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications." Bulletin of Medical Sciences 91, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2018-0011.

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Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disease among women with childbearing potential, the best-known cause of hirsutism, with a hypothesized prevalence of 8-22%. The first part of the paper discusses the conceptional evolution of the syndrome, from its description in 1935 by Stein and Leventhal till today. It describes the changes in the criteria systems, emphasizing that the Rotterdam criteria, proposed in 2003 by the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine, are still valid today. This system basical

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Sharan, M., and K. Grymak. "Curent state and futyre of using the biotechnological methods of reproduction in sheeps breeding." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 19, no. 74 (March 3, 2017): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7415.

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The analysis of publication related to the usage of embryo transplantation method in breeding sheep had been conducted. It is proved that the theoretical basis of the method of embryo transplantation is the large number of germ cells in the ovaries of females, most of which during the usual method of reproduction does not participate in these processes, and the high probability of inheriting genetic characteristics of embryos after transplantation by recipient. On this basis, from females throughout her life we can get a few dozen of descendants. The main aspects of embryos transplantation tec

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Fernandez-Novo, Aitor, Sonia S. Pérez-Garnelo, Arantxa Villagrá, Natividad Pérez-Villalobos, and Susana Astiz. "The Effect of Stress on Reproduction and Reproductive Technologies in Beef Cattle—A Review." Animals 10, no. 11 (November 11, 2020): 2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10112096.

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Researchers have contributed by increasing our understanding of the factors affecting reproduction in beef, mainly physical health and nutrition aspects, which have been main concerns during decades. Animal welfare is of outmost relevance in all animal production systems and it is strongly associated to stress. Stress responses involve endocrine, paracrine and neural systems and the consequences of this stress on the reproductive efficiency of specifically, beef cattle and bulls, need to be highlighted. We, therefore, describe the fundamentals of stress and its quantification, focusing in beef

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35

Khan, Usman Mir, Ali Murad Khan, Umar Murad Khan, and Zeliha Selamoğlu. "Effects of Seasonal Factors in The Goats’ Reproductive Efficiency." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 11 (November 23, 2019): 1937. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i11.1937-1940.2899.

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Interest in goat farming is at its peak since the last decade of 20th century because the role of goat is well established in animal protein as well as in economic uplift of poor masses in the tropics and subtropics, but also constitutes an important component of traditional farming systems. Goat is a better option as farm animal in the tropics and subtropics as it can withstand dehydration and has better browsing habit which enables it to survive where cattle and sheep farming is difficult. Reproductive performance of does is of immense importance as contributing factor towards increased meat

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Córdova Izquierdo, Alejandro, Adrian E. Iglesias Reyes, Gustavo Ruiz Lang, Jorge Saltijeral Oaxaca, Juan Eulogio Guerra Liera, Edmundo Abel Villa Mancera, Ma de Lourdes Juárez Mosqueda, et al. "Nutrition and Food in the Reproduction of Cattle." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 3 (May 7, 2021): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.3.184.

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At the beginning of the 1980s, a series of very profound changes were initiated in the milk cow nutrition approaches, as a consequence of the highest levels of production per cow that were reached by the productive systems of the northern hemisphere. Nutrition is defined as the series of processes through which an organism acquires and assimilates food to promote its growth and replace worn or damaged tissues. The nutrients are fundamental for the animals to carry out their different productive functions. When we consider the aspects that touch the field of nutrition of ruminants, we understan

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Handgraaf, Sandra, and Jacques Philippe. "The Role of Sexual Hormones on the Enteroinsular Axis." Endocrine Reviews 40, no. 4 (May 10, 2019): 1152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2019-00004.

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AbstractSex steroid estrogens, androgens, and progesterone, produced by the gonads, which have long been considered as endocrine glands, are implicated in sexual differentiation, puberty, and reproduction. However, the impact of sex hormones goes beyond these effects through their role on energy metabolism. Indeed, sex hormones are important physiological regulators of glucose homeostasis and, in particular, of the enteroinsular axis. In this review, we describe the roles of estrogens, androgens, and progesterone on glucose homeostasis through their effects on pancreatic α- and β-cells, as wel

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van der Veen, Daan R., Sjaak J. Riede, Paul D. Heideman, Michaela Hau, Vincent van der Vinne, and Roelof A. Hut. "Flexible clock systems: adjusting the temporal programme." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, no. 1734 (October 9, 2017): 20160254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0254.

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Under natural conditions, many aspects of the abiotic and biotic environment vary with time of day, season or even era, while these conditions are typically kept constant in laboratory settings. The timing information contained within the environment serves as critical timing cues for the internal biological timing system, but how this system drives daily rhythms in behaviour and physiology may also depend on the internal state of the animal. The disparity between timing of these cues in natural and laboratory conditions can result in substantial differences in the scheduling of behaviour and

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Giommi, Christian, Hamid R. Habibi, Michela Candelma, Oliana Carnevali, and Francesca Maradonna. "Probiotic Administration Mitigates Bisphenol A Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 9314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179314.

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Although the use of bisphenol A (BPA) has been banned in a number of countries, its presence in the environment still creates health issues both for humans and wildlife. So far, BPA toxicity has been largely investigated on different biological processes, from reproduction to development, immune system, and metabolism. In zebrafish, Danio rerio, previous studies revealed the ability of environmentally relevant concentrations of this contaminant to significantly impair fertility via epigenetic modification. In addition, several studies demonstrated the ability of different probiotic strains to

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CARVER, F. J., and H. HURD. "The effect of metacestodes of Hymenolepis diminuta on the bean-shaped accessory glands in male Tenebrio molitor." Parasitology 116, no. 2 (February 1998): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097002126.

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Metacestodes of Hymenolepis diminuta affect several aspects of female reproductive physiology in Tenebrio molitor and such effects are mediated via the endocrine system. The effects on male reproduction are less well known and were studied with respect to the Bean-Shaped Accessory Glands (BAGs). The size and wet and dry weight of BAGs from infected and uninfected beetles were compared and rose to a plateau from 0–6 days post-emergence in uninfected beetles but in infected individuals continued to increase in both size and weight. These effects were density independent. Glands from both infecte

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Matthews, S. G., M. Fraser, and J. R. G. Challis. "Dopaminergic regulation of pituitary function in the late-gestation fetal sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 150, no. 2 (August 1996): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1500187.

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Abstract Development of the fetal ovine pituitary is essential for normal maturation and initiation of the parturition process, as well as for orchestrating endocrine responses to stress in utero. Increases in the biosynthesis of ACTH and prolactin (PRL) occur in the late-gestation fetal sheep pituitary. In the anterior lobe (AL) of the pituitary, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) biosynthesis and processing are primarily regulated by corticotrophin-releasing hormone and vasopressin. However, POMC in the intermediate lobe (IL) and PRL in the AL are known to be primarily regulated by dopamine, via th

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Bell, Alan W., and Paul L. Greenwood. "Prenatal origins of postnatal variation in growth, development and productivity of ruminants." Animal Production Science 56, no. 8 (2016): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15408.

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This review provides an update on recent research into the effects of maternal nutrition on fetal biology and the growth, development and productivity of progeny in postnatal life of ruminant livestock. Evidence is summarised for effects on postnatal growth and body composition, feed intake and efficiency, carcass characteristics and meat quality, wool production, reproduction and lactation performance. In general, these demonstrated effects are not large in relation to the effects of postnatal nutrition and other environmental influences. The mechanisms underpinning the above production outco

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Gandolfi, Fulvio, and Tiziana A. L. Brevini. "RFD Award Lecture 2009.In vitro maturation of farm animal oocytes: a useful tool for investigating the mechanisms leading to full-term development." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 3 (2010): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09151.

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Due to logistical and economic reasons, assisted reproduction of domestic animals has been based mostly on the use of oocytes isolated from ovaries collected at the slaughterhouse. In order to propagate valuable or rare genetic material, perform somatic cell nuclear transfer or generate genetically modified animals, it is essential to obtain fully competent oocytes that will allow full-term development of the in vitro-produced embryos. Such a need makes clear the crucial role played by oocyte quality. In fact, it is easy to compromise the oocyte’s developmental potential but it is impossible t

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Mills, Edouard G. A., Kevin T. O'Byrne, and Alexander N. Comninos. "Kisspeptin as a Behavioral Hormone." Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 37, no. 02 (March 2019): 056–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400239.

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AbstractSuccessful reproduction is dependent not only on hormonal endocrine responses but also on suitable partner selection, copulatory acts, as well as associated emotional, behavioral, and cognitive processes many of which are supported by the limbic system. The reproductive hormone kisspeptin (encoded by the KISS1/kiss1 gene) is now recognized as the key orchestrator of the reproductive axis. In addition to the hypothalamus, prominent kisspeptin neuronal populations have been identified throughout limbic and paralimbic brain regions across an assortment of species. In this review, we detai

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Gandolfi, F., and T. Brevini. "020. IN VITRO MATURATION OF FARM ANIMALS OOCYTES: A USEFUL TOOL FOR INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISMS LEADING TO FULL TERM DEVELOPMENT." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 9 (2009): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb09abs020.

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Due to logistical and economical reasons assisted reproduction of domestic animals has been based mostly on the use of oocytes isolated from ovaries collected at the slaughterhouse. In order to propagate valuable or rare genetic material, perform somatic cell nuclear transfer, generate genetically modified animals it was essential to obtain fully competent oocytes that would allow full term development of the in vitro produced embryos. Such demanding need has soon made clearly evident the crucial role played by oocyte quality, how easy it is to compromise its developmental potential and the fa

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Symonds, Michael E., Sylvain P. Sebert, and Helen Budge. "The impact of diet during early life and its contribution to later disease: critical checkpoints in development and their long-term consequences for metabolic health." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 68, no. 4 (September 1, 2009): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665109990152.

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Changes in maternal diet at different stages of reproduction can have pronounced influences on the health and well-being of the resulting offspring, especially following exposure to an obesogenic environment. The mechanisms mediating adaptations in development of the embryo, placenta, fetus and newborn include changes in the maternal metabolic environment. These changes include reductions in a range of maternal counter-regulatory hormones such as cortisol, leptin and insulin. In the sheep, for example, targeted maternal nutrient restriction coincident with the period of maximal placental growt

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Senthilkumaran, Balasubramanian, and Sonika Kar. "Advances in Reproductive Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Research Using Catfish Models." Cells 10, no. 11 (October 20, 2021): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10112807.

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Catfishes, belonging to the order siluriformes, represent one of the largest groups of freshwater fishes with more than 4000 species and almost 12% of teleostean population. Due to their worldwide distribution and diversity, catfishes are interesting models for ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Incidentally, catfish emerged as an excellent animal model for aquaculture research because of economic importance, availability, disease resistance, adaptability to artificial spawning, handling, culture, high fecundity, hatchability, hypoxia tolerance and their ability to acclimate to laboratory

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Hasiec, Malgorzata, and Tomasz Misztal. "Adaptive Modifications of Maternal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity during Lactation and Salsolinol as a New Player in this Phenomenon." International Journal of Endocrinology 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3786038.

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Both basal and stress-induced secretory activities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are distinctly modified in lactating females. On the one hand, it aims to meet the physiological demands of the mother, and on the other hand, the appropriate and stable plasma cortisol level is one of the essential factors for the proper offspring development. Specific adaptations of HPA axis activity to lactation have been extensively studied in several animal species and humans, providing interesting data on the HPA axis plasticity mechanism. However, most of the data related to this phenomen

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Gillette, Ross, Michelle Dias, Michael P. Reilly, Lindsay M. Thompson, Norma J. Castillo, Erin L. Vasquez, David Crews, and Andrea C. Gore. "Two Hits of EDCs Three Generations Apart: Effects on Social Behaviors in Rats, and Analysis by Machine Learning." Toxics 10, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10010030.

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All individuals are directly exposed to extant environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and indirectly exposed through transgenerational inheritance from our ancestors. Although direct and ancestral exposures can each lead to deficits in behaviors, their interactions are not known. Here we focused on social behaviors based on evidence of their vulnerability to direct or ancestral exposures, together with their importance in reproduction and survival of a species. Using a novel “two hits, three generations apart” experimental rat model, we investigated interactions of two classes of

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Seshagiri, Polani B., and Venkatappa Vani. "Research on early mammalian development in India." International Journal of Developmental Biology 64, no. 1-2-3 (2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.190189ps.

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Historically, research in India on early mammalian development had only begun, rather modestly, in the last century, unlike the USA and UK. In India, initial studies were on gonadal and reproductive tissue development and function and they were limited to anatomical and histological characterization. This was followed by research on fertility regulation and contraception. Since the 1960s, a major initiative took place regarding endocrine biochemistry and the use of antifertility agents in inhibiting gonadal function and early development. Post-independence, the Indian government´s funding supp

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