Relevant bibliographies by topics / Shell Powder

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Shell Powder'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Shell Powder"

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Srichanachaichok, Wiranchana, and Dakrong Pissuwan. "Micro/Nano Structural Investigation and Characterization of Mussel Shell Waste in Thailand as a Feasible Bioresource of CaO." Materials 16, no. 2 (2023): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020805.

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Mussel shell waste, which is regularly disposed by households, restaurants, markets, or farms, causes environmental problems worldwide, including in Thailand, because of its long decomposing time. Owing to a large amount of calcium (Ca) content from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in mussel shell waste, many Thai local businesses grind the shell waste into powder and sell it as a source of Ca. Generally, these powdered waste shells are a mixture of various types of mussel shell waste. In this study, we investigated and characterized powdered mixed waste shells sold in a local Thai market (called mixed shell powder) and ground shells from waste green mussel shells (called green mussel shells) prepared in the laboratory after calcination at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C). Mixed shell powder containing five different types of mussel shells and green mussel shells were calcined for 2 h and 3 h, respectively. The time used for calcination of mixed shell powder and green mussel shells was different due to the different particle sizes of both shell wastes. We found that an optimal temperature of 1000 °C completely converted CaCO3 to CaO in both samples. The nanoscale size of CaO was detected at the surface of calcined shells. These shell wastes can be used as a bioresource of CaO.
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Stel’makh, Sergey A., Evgenii M. Shcherban’, Alexey N. Beskopylny, et al. "Nanomodified Concrete with Enhanced Characteristics Based on River Snail Shell Powder." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (2022): 7839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157839.

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The utilization of aquaculture waste, such as snail shells, is a severe issue. These shells are common in water-sources and are a by-product of sifting sand for masonry and concrete work. Calcium-rich river shells are of great interest for cement building materials. In this regard, the purpose of this article was to develop a nanomodified concrete with improved characteristics based on the powder of snail shells. Experimental studies have confirmed the effectiveness of the use of river shells in concrete without a decrease in strength characteristics and deterioration of other properties. It has been found that the optimal replacement by the snail shell powder that replaced cement is in the amount of 6%. By the nanomodification of concrete with the powdered shells of river snails, it was possible to achieve an increase in compressive strength up to 12%, axial compressive strength—up to 8%, tensile strength in bending—up to 9%, axial tensile strength—up to 11%, elastic modulus—up to 8%. Concrete nanomodification with snail shell powder in the amount of 6% contributed to a reduction of deformations of up to 7%. The study of the microstructure of concrete samples nanomodified with snail shell powder confirmed the obtained dependences of the cement’s properties on the nanomodifier dosage, as well as the most effective dosage of snail shell powder.
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Mangubat, Florieza, Cerela Looc, and Fretzel Mad. "Combined effects of powdered oyster shell (Ostreidae) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as a feed additive for growth development of quail (Coturnix coturnixjaponica)." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65, no. 3 (2023): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjste.65(3).59-65.

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Calcium, obtained from various sources, is essential to fulfil the dietary requirements of birds. Oyster shells are excellent sources of calcium and are widely used in bird diets. Calcium is a critical factor in eggshell deterioration, affecting its absorption. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the combined effects of powdered oyster shell and lemongrass on the growth, development, and egg quality of birds, specifically using 5, 10, and 15 grams of oyster shell powder as a calcium source. A completely randomised design was used to assess the efficacy of varying amounts of powdered oyster shell. Results revealed that there was no significant change in growth development at different inclusion levels of oyster shell powder and lemongrass solution. However, egg quality exhibited a significant variance at different inclusion levels of oyster shell powder. Similarly, lemongrass solution as a supplement for laying quails demonstrated a significant difference. Therefore, supplementing the calcium source with a blend of 15 g of oyster shell powder and 300 ml lemongrass solution enhanced egg performance and eggshell quality of laying quail by 5%.
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Cha, Inyeong, Jinwoong Kim, and Heeyoung Lee. "Enhancing Compressive Strength in Cementitious Composites through Effective Use of Wasted Oyster Shells and Admixtures." Buildings 13, no. 11 (2023): 2787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112787.

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Wasted oyster shells generate environmental pollution and odor, thereby causing inconvenience to people. In addition, low-quality aggregates are generated owing to the lack of sand. To address these problems, cementitious composites that replaced sand with oyster shell powder were fabricated in this study, and a total 120 specimens were fabricated (specimen size: 50×50×50 mm3). The oyster shell substitution rate for sand, admixture type, and presence or absence of admixture were set as the experimental parameters. Herein, 0, 30, 70, and 100% of sand was replaced with oyster shell powder to examine the compressive strength of the cementitious composites according to the oyster shell powder content. The experiment results confirmed the decrease in the compressive strength of the cementitious composite with an increase in the oyster shell powder content. In the case of the cementitious composites mixed with oyster shell powder, silica fume, blast furnace slag, and an air-entraining water-reducing agent, the compressive strength increased by up to 30% with an increase in the oyster shell powder content. The results of cementitious composites containing oyster shell powder and admixture fabricated in this study indicate the potential of oyster shells as a new construction material that can replace sand.
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Khan, M., and AKMA Nowsad. "Development of protein enriched shrimp crackers from shrimp shell wastes." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 10, no. 2 (2013): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14930.

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A recipe of shrimp cracker (a type of crispy biscuit) enriched with shrimp shell protein was developed from underutilized shrimp shell wastes and the effects of different amount of shrimp shell powders on the quality and shelf life of the products were studied. Shrimp industry wastes (head, appendages, carapaces, and shell) were thoroughly washed, dried in hot air oven at 60°C for 24 h and ground by a blender. Fine shrimp shell powder thus obtained was used for making shrimp crackers. Hydrolyzed vegetable oil, was beaten by hand and other ingredients such as powder milk, sugar, oil, baking powder, flour and vanilla essence were mixed to make a dough. Various levels of shrimp shell powder (5%, 10%, and 20%) were mixed to the dough to enrich with shrimp protein. The dough was kept flatted in a tray, cut into pieces of different shape by dies and put into the oven at 100°C for 8 minutes. Increasing the quantity of shrimp shell powder in shrimp crackers increased the protein content but the quality in terms of taste, color and flavor was slightly decreased. Using of 10% shrimp shell powder obtained the best quality shrimp crackers, in terms of both protein enrichment and sensory quality. Quality of shrimp crackers was tested by both subjective and objective methods. Products made with 10% shrimp shell powder had an acceptable bacterial load in refrigeration up to 45 days but in room temperature up to 30 days. Low storage quality in room temperature might be due to inadequate packaging in the laboratory condition. This research revealed that high quality protein fortified shrimp crackers could be manufactured from unutilized shrimp shell wastes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14930 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 367-374, 2012
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Singaravelu, D. Lenin, Rahul Ragh M., Vijay R., S. Manoharan, and Mohamed Kchaou. "Development and Performance Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Crab Shell Powder Based Brake Pads for Automotive Applications." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 2 (2019): 6502–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.16.2.2019.4.0491.

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The present study deals with the effective usage of crab shell, which is a solid waste in the seafood industry. The crab shell was powdered and treated with chemicals to obtain the chemically treated crab shell powder. The crab shell was powdered and heated to the desired conditions to obtain thermally processed crab shell powder. These two powders so obtained were used with other ingredients in the development of brake pads. For comparison crab shell powder free brake pads were also developed. The developed brake pads were tested for various characteristics as per the industrial standards. Thermal stability was found using Thermogravimetric analysis. The fade and recovery behaviours were estimated for the developed brake pads using Chase test following IS2742 Part-4. The test results indicate that the thermally processed crab shell powder based brake pads showed better thermal stability with a char residue of 37%, while the chemically treated crab shell powder based brake pads had better fade and recovery characteristics with a fade rate of 1.71 % and recovery rate of 99.86 % due to its better heat dissipation and coarse structure. Scanning electron microscopy paved the way to study the worn characteristics of the Chase tested samples. An extensive evaluation method was used to rank the developed brake pads based on the Chase test performance; it also ranked chemically treated crab shell powder-based brake pads as the best performer.
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Yusof, Mahsuri, Nur Tahirah Razali, Nicholas H. T. Kuan, and Dexter Sigan John. "Characterisation of Polymesoda bengalensis Shell Powder." Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering 7, no. 1 (2020): 500–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jaspe.2229.2020.

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The objectives of this research are to determine the element and polymorph of Polymesoda bengalensis shell and to compare its result with other bivalve shells. The polymorph of the powder was identified by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and its morphology was observed through scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD study revealed that the shell powder consisted entirely of aragonite. The analysis from SEM also revealed that the aragonite was in the form of rod-like crystal. The morphology of sectional, inner and outer surfaces of the shell was scanned using SEM. It was found that the aragonite was arranged in the form of a cross-lamellar structure of various sizes. The elemental content of the shell was examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The result showed that CaCO3 in this shell contained large amounts of calcium and carbon.
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Chen, Chun, Yongchao Liu, Qiang Tang, Peigen Zhang, Yamei Zhang, and Zhengming Sun. "Preparation and Properties of Wall Coatings with Calcined Shell Powder as Fillers." Materials 12, no. 14 (2019): 2213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12142213.

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Using as thermal reflection coating fillers is a significant recycle method for the largely available by-product of shell powders in aquaculture. However, the organics in the shell powder harm its reflection ability. To enhance the thermal reflection performance of the shell powder filled coatings, in this work, the calcined shell powders were used to fill coatings, and the performance of the coatings filled by the calcined shell powders under different temperatures was comparably investigated. Experimental results indicate that after calcination at 400 °C, the organics in the shell powders are removed, whereas the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate is maintained and its particles are refined, leading to an increase in its reflectance. Calcination at temperatures higher than 400 °C deteriorates the properties of the shell powder, due to the sintering of the calcium carbonate particles. The coatings filled by shell powder calcinated at 400 °C deliver the best cooling effect and comparable scouring resistance.
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Miao, Guanxiong, Mohammadamin Moghadasi, Ming Li, Zhijian Pei, and Chao Ma. "Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: Powder Packing in Shell Printing." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 7, no. 1 (2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7010004.

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Shell printing is an advantageous binder jetting technique that prints only a thin shell of the intended object to enclose the loose powder in the core. In this study, powder packing in the shell and core was investigated for the first time. By examining the density and microstructure of the printed samples, powder packing was found to be different between the shell and core. In addition, the powder particle size and layer thickness were found to affect the powder packing in the shell and core differently. At a 200 µm layer thickness, for the 10 µm and 20 µm powders, the core was less dense than the shell and had a layered microstructure. At a 200 µm layer thickness, for the 70 µm powder, the core was denser and had a homogeneous microstructure. For the 20 µm powder, by reducing the layer thickness from 200 µm to 70 µm, the core became denser than the shell, and the microstructure of the core became homogeneous. The different results could be attributed to the different scenarios of particle rearrangement between the shell and core for powders of different particle sizes and at different layer thicknesses. Considering that the core was denser and more homogeneous than the shell when the proper layer thickness and powder particle size were selected, shell printing could be a promising method to tailor density and reduce anisotropy.
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Koumassa, O. A. Bassitou, Mathias Hounsou, Romaric Ouétchéhou, E. S. Mélissa Akpovi, A. A. Lilans Zannou, and D. Sylvain Dabadé. "Effects of Oyster Shell Powder on the Microbial and Physicochemical Quality of Afitin, a Traditional Fermented Condiment." Asian Food Science Journal 22, no. 12 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2023/v22i12686.

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Aims: Afitin is a perishable condiment due to its high water content. Various preservatives are used to extend its shelf life, and among them, salt (NaCl) has generated controversy due to potential health risks associated to exposure to elevated concentrations of salt. The present study aims at assessing the effect of oyster shell powder on the quality changes of Afitin during storage at 30°C.
 Methodology: Oyster shell powder was added to the condiment just before the natural fermentation at concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2%. At the end of the 24 h natural fermentation, the product was stored at 30°C. Afitin samples which did not receive the oyster shell powder served as controls. Samples were taken for microbiological, pH, water activity, and sensory analyses just before the fermentation, at the end of the fermentation, and at days 2 and 4 during storage.
 Results: Oyster shell powder had a significant effect on the growth of microorganisms, on pH and water activity during the storage of Afitin. The average Total Viable Count (TVC) in the control samples was 8.9 Log CFU/g, whereas in the Afitin with 2% oyster shell powder, this load was 6.9 Log CFU/g after 2 days of storage. At the same time, the enterobacteria load in the control Afitin was 7.7 Log CFU/g, whereas in the Afitin with 2% oyster shell powder, it was below the detection limit. There was also a significant difference between the samples inoculated with 1% oyster shell powder and the control. From the sensory analysis, the control Afitin was rejected by the panellists after 48 h of storage, whereas the Afitin with 1% or 2% oyster shell powder was not rejected until the end of storage (4th day), indicating a notable prolongation of the product's shelf life by at least 100%.
 Conclusion: The results show that oyster shell powder can potentially be used to improve the preservation of Afitin.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shell Powder"

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Gohil, Usha Chandrakant. "Investigations into the filling properties of powder mixtures into hard shell capsules." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399326.

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Lima, Ari Clecius Alves de. "AdsorÃÃo de Ãnions Presente em Efluente Usando PÃ da Casca de Coco Verde Modificado." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3832.

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à bem sabido que o aumento da produÃÃo de resÃduos particularmente os agroindustriais torna o destino final um problema ambiental Recentemente estudos com o uso de resÃduos agroindustriais na remoÃÃo de poluentes inorgÃnicos presentes em efluente tÃm-se tornado atraentes por serem baratos simples e eficientes Neste trabalho onde utiliza o pà da casca de coco verde modificado quimicamente na remoÃÃo de Ãnions de efluente em processo batelada AtravÃs de experimento fatorial o material foi modificado quimicamente com sal quaternÃrio de amÃnio (cloreto de 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamÃnio) O material modificado obtido foi caracterizado (quÃmica e fÃsica) para comprovar o aumento da eficiÃncia pela modificaÃÃo quÃmica realizada. Os parÃmetros pH, concentraÃÃo inicial dosagem de adsorbente cinÃtica e isoterma de adsorÃÃo com Ãnions nitrato sulfato e fosfato foram investigados neste estudo no material modificado Os resultados com planejamento fatorial mostraram que a temperatura e pressÃo sÃo parÃmetros que mais influenciaram no processo de modificaÃÃo quÃmica do material adsorbente A cinÃtica de adsorÃÃo foi examinada em termos de modelos de pseudo-primeira ordem pseudo-segunda ordem e difusÃo intraparticular O modelo de Pseudo-segunda ordem mostrou as maiores concordÃncias com os dados experimentais Dados de equilÃbrio analisados pelos modelos nÃo linear e linear de Langmuir Freundlich SIPS Redlich-Peterson Toth e Tempkin indicaram que os dados experimentais sÃo melhor descritos pelas equaÃÃes de Freundilich e Langmuir A caracterizaÃÃo do bagaÃo de coco modificado foi realizada pelas tÃcnicas FTIR MEV, analise elementar BET e DifraÃÃo de RaiosâX A anÃlise de FTIR indicou que o grupo NH2 do sal de amina interage com grupos quÃmicos do bagaÃo de coco e os resultados indicaram que o bagaÃo de coco modificado exibiu potencial para a sua aplicaÃÃo na remoÃÃo de nitrato, sulfato e fosfato de soluÃÃo aquosa<br>Its very known that the increase from residues production particularly the agricultural waste becomes an environmental problem of final destiny of this material In recent years the use of agricultural by-products for the removal of inorganic polutant from wastewater has attracted so many researchers because they are cheap simple and of low cost as sorbents natural for wastewater treatment In this work the powder of the peel of green coconut was modified chemically for the removal anions from aqueous effluent by batch process The preparation of the material modified with quaternary salt of ammonium (2-hidroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) it was accomplished through factorial experiment The chemical and physical characterization of the raw material and modified was carried out to prove the accomplished chemical modification The parameters such as pH initial anion concentration adsorbent dosage adsorption kinetic and isotherm adsorption with modified material were investigated in this study Adsorption kinetic was also examined in terms of three kinetic models ie pseudo-first-order pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion model Pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a good agreement with the experimental data. Equilibrium data were evaluated by using nonlinear and linear models of Langmuir Freundlich SIPS Redlich-Peterson Toth e Tempkin equations It was obtained that experimental data conforms to the Langmuir and Freundlich equations In order to characterize synthesized material were measurement performed of FTIR elemental analysis SEM and X-ray From FTIR analysis observed that coconut shells species may interact with NH2 groups coconut shells and the results indicated that coconut shells exhibited potential for application in removal of nitrate sulfate and phosphate from aqueous solutions
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Raulino, Giselle Santiago Cabral. "Sistema Piloto de AdsorÃÃo de Ãons de Metais em Coluna (Leito Fixo) Utilizando como Adsorvente o PÃ da Casca de Coco Verde." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5486.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior<br>Os resÃduos agroindustriais tÃm sido testados em pesquisas como adsorventes de metais tÃxicos, em efluentes aquosos, devido ao seu baixo custo, alta disponibilidade e eficiÃncia para essa finalidade. Nesse trabalho, utilizou-se o resÃduo da indÃstria do coco, o pà da casca de coco verde, proveniente da EMBRAPA, como material adsorvedor dos Ãons metÃlicos cobre, nÃquel e zinco de soluÃÃes aquosas, em escala piloto. Primeiramente, foi feita a determinaÃÃo granulomÃtrica do material, sendo que cerca de 85% se encontrou na faixa de 10 a 60 mesh. Em seguida, foi verificada a influÃncia do tratamento fÃsico-quÃmico na adsorÃÃo dos metais. Os dois tratamentos escolhidos foram com Ãgua e NaOH 0,1 mol.L-1, devido a alta capacidade de adsorÃÃo dos metais em estudo. Prosseguiu-se para os testes de coluna. Na otimizaÃÃo dos parÃmetros operacionais, a vazÃo de 200 mL.min-1 e altura de leito 100 cm, foram escolhidas devido a praticidade, menor tempo de execuÃÃo e facilidade de operaÃÃo, alÃm das elevadas capacidades de adsorÃÃo. O tempo de detenÃÃo hidrÃulica (TDH) resultante desses parÃmetros foi de 15min. ApÃs as otimizaÃÃes dos parÃmetros operacionais, foi investigada a influÃncia do tratamento fora da coluna e na prÃpria coluna. Foi observado que, de modo geral, a capacidade de adsorÃÃo do pà da casca de coco verde aumenta quando o material à submetido ao tratamento com NaOH 0,1 mol.L-1 na prÃpria coluna em relaÃÃo aos tratamentos com Ãgua fora e na coluna, e com NaOH fora da coluna. As capacidades de adsorÃÃo do sistema multielementar para o tratamento com NaOH na coluna foram de: 32,2 mg.g-1 para o cobre, 10,8 mg.g-1 para o nÃquel e 7,9 mg.g-1 para o zinco. Foi notado tambÃm que a soluÃÃo resultante desse tratamento necessita de correÃÃo de pH e tratamento da DQO para descarte. A capacidade de adsorÃÃo aumentou quando se passou de um sistema multielementar para um sistema monoelementar, resultando em: 39,3 mg.g-1 para o cobre, 21,9 mg.g-1 para o nÃquel e 20,6 mg.g-1 para o zinco. A dessorÃÃo utilizando como eluente HNO3 0,5 mol.L-1 necessitou de aproximadamente 20 L para remover os metais adsorvidos no pà da casca de coco verde tratado.<br>The agro-industrial residues have been used in research as adsorbents of toxic metals from aqueous effluents due to its low cost, high availability and efficiency for this purpose. In this study, residues from coconut shell industry was used, the coconut husk, from EMBRAPA, as adsorbent material of copper, nickel and zinc from aqueous solutions on a pilot scale. First, was made the determination of particle size material, showing that about 85% was found in the range of 10 to 60mesh. Then, the effects of physical and chemical treatment on the metals adsorption. The two treatments selected was NaOH 0.1 mol.L-1 and water, because there was an increase in the adsorption capacity. Then, was proceeded the column tests. In the optimization of operating parameters, the flow of 200mL.min-1 and bed height 100 cm, were chosen because of convenience, shorter execution time and ease of operation, and high adsorption capacities. The resulting TDH of parameters was 15min. After the optimization of operating parameters, we investigated the influence of treatment outside and inside the column. It was observed that, in general, the adsorption capacity increased when the material is subjected to treatment with 0.1 M NaOH inside the column in relation to water treatments in and ouside the column and NaOH outside the column. The adsorption capacity of multielement system for the treatment with NaOH in the column were: 32.2 mg.g-1 for copper, 10.86 mg.g-1 for nickel and 7.97 mg.g-1 for zinc. It was also seen that the solution resulting from this treatment requires correction of pH and COD treatment for disposal. The adsorption capacity increased for monoelementar system in comparison with a multielement system, resulting in: 39.37 mg.g-1 for copper, 21.9 mg.g-1 for nickel and 20.6 mg. g-1 for zinc. The desorption using HNO3 0.5 mol.L-1- as eluent needed about 20 L to remove the metals adsorbed on the shell powder coconut treated.
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Solný, Tomáš. "Příprava a aplikace fotokatalyticky aktivního oxidu titaničitého." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-256553.

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V práci je zkoumán vliv podmínek na průběh hydrolýzy alkoxidů titanu a vlastností připravovaných nanočástic oxidu titaničitého s důrazem na teplotu a množství vody přítomné v systému. Připravované hydrolyzáty alkoxidů titanu a nanočástice oxidu titaničitého připravené z hydrolyzátů jsou studovány metodami XRD, DTA – TGA, SEM – EDS, BET a PCCS. Nanočástice magnetitu byly syntetizovány pomocí precipitační reakce z roztoku Mohrovy soli a jejich krystalová struktura, velikost a povrchové vlastnosti byly sledovány s vyhodnocením vlivu teploty a při modifikaci povrchu polykarboxyletherovým superplastifikátorem. Pro upevnění TiO2 na povrch magnetitu byla použita kombinovaná metoda aplikace vybraných nanočástic TiO2 s hydrolýzou TiO2 pomocí alkoxidů titanu za účelem přípravy fotokatalyticky aktivního core-shell práškového katalyzátoru s vylepšenými vlastnostmi adsorpce na povrchu. Studovány byly možnosti aplikace TiO2 na povrch Mn-Zn feritu, kdy byl studován vliv depozice tenkých vrstev C a Au na morfologii povrchu. Fotokatalytická aktivita vybraných připravených materiálů byla studována pomocí dekompozice methylenové modři v roztoku a par isopropanolu a ethanolu rozkládaných pomocí Mn-Zn feritu v experimentálním chemickém reaktoru s magnetickým polem stabilizovaným ložem nosiče katalyzátoru.
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Sousa, Francisco Wagner de. "AdsorÃÃo de metais tÃxicos de efluente aquoso usando pà da casca de coco verde tratado." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=647.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico<br>Os resÃduos sÃlidos agroindustriais sÃo bastante estudados devido a sua abundÃncia e baixo custo para a recuperaÃÃo de efluentes industriais utilizando processos de adsorÃÃo. Neste trabalho utilizou-se o pà da casca de coco verde como adsorvente para remoÃÃo de metais pesados de efluentes aquosos produzidos por indÃstrias de eletrodeposiÃÃo localizadas em Juazeiro do Norte (CearÃ-Brasil). Sistemas de adsorÃÃo em batelada e coluna foram estudados. Na primeira etapa deste trabalho foram investigados o tratamento quÃmico, o efeito da granulometria, o efeito da concentraÃÃo do adsorvente e o efeito do pH. Os resultados mostraram que o tratamento aplicado no pà da casca de coco verde com NaOH 0,1mol.L-/3h foi mais eficiente. Este material foi usado para o estudo de adsorÃÃo dos metais com as seguintes caracterÃsticas: faixa de granulometria de 60-99 mesh, concentraÃÃo de 40g/L e pH 5,0. O estudo de cinÃtica indicou que o equilÃbrio de adsorÃÃo multielementar foi atingido em 5 minutos (pH 5,0) e segue cinÃtica de pseudo-segunda ordem. As capacidades mÃximas de adsorÃÃo observadas nos estudos de equilÃbrio para um sistema multielementar foram: 7,89; 1,72; 3,24; 13,26 e 5,09 mg/g para Pb+2; Ni+2; Cd+2; Zn+2 e Cu+2, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa foram realizados experimentos para otimizaÃÃo das condiÃÃes operacionais da coluna. Os resultados mostraram que uma velocidade de fluxo de 2mL/min e uma altura de 10cm do leito aumentaram o percentual de remoÃÃo para todos os metais tÃxicos estudados. As curvas de ruptura investigadas para um sistema multielementar indicaram que a ordem das capacidades de adsorÃÃo foi a seguinte: Cu+2 > Pb+2 > Cd+2 > Zn+2 > Ni+2. A aplicabilidade dos estudos de coluna numa amostra real oriunda de empresas de galvanoplastia contendo: Ni+2, Zn+2 e Cu+2 mostraram que a remoÃÃo dos Ãons tÃxicos aumenta quando o pH da soluÃÃo à 5,0. A dessorÃÃo dos Ãons metÃlicos, retidos na coluna, foi eficiente usando HNO3 1,0mol.L- como eluente. Os ensaios de reciclagem da coluna mostraram que o adsorvente pode ser utilizado apenas num ciclo.<br>The solid agroindustry residues are most studied, due its abundance and low cost for recovery of wastewater industry using process of adsorption. In this work was used the green coconut shell powder as adsorbent for the heavy metals removal from wastewater aqueous produced for electroplating industries localized in Juazeiro do Norte (Ceara-Brazil). Adsorption systems in batch and column were studied. In the first step of this work was investigated the chemical treatment, the particle size effect, adsorbent concentration and pH effect. The results showed that the treatment employed in the green coconut shell powder with NaOH 0.1mol.L-/3h was the most efficient. This material was used for the metals adsorption study with the following characteristic: particle size ranged 60-99 mesh, adsorbent concentration (40g/L) and pH 5.0. The kinetic study indicated that the adsorption equilibrium multielementary were achieved in 5 minutes (pH 5.0) and followed a pseudo-second order model. The maximum capacities of adsorption observed for the multielementary system were: 7.89; 1.72; 3.24; 13.26 and 5.09mg/g to Pb+2; Ni+2; Cd+2; Zn+2 and Cu+2, respectively. In the second step of the work were carried out experiments to otimization of the operational parameters of the column. The results showed that for a flow rate of 2mL/min and height bed of 10cm there is an increased on the metals removal. The breakthrough curves investigated to a system multi indicated that the order for column capacity was the follow: Cu+2 > Pb+2 >Cd+2 > Zn+2 > Ni+2. The parameters optimization of the column obtained with the synthetic effluents were applied in a real sample contained (Ni+2, Zn+2 and Cu+2) which showed that the toxic ions removal increased at pH 5.0. The desorption of the metals ions retained on the column was efficient using the HNO3 1,0mol.L- as eluent. The tests of recycling of the column showed that the adsorbent can be used only a cycle.
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Rose, Garrett. "Electrical subsystem for Shell eco-marathon urban concept battery powered vehicle." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2814.

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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.<br>The purpose of this paper was to design and develop an electrical power train for an Urban Concept electric vehicle geared to complete the Shell Eco-Marathon Africa in 2019. Various technologies which make up the electrical drive train of an electrical vehicle were also reviewed which include the battery pack, the battery management system, the motors, the motor management system and the human interface. Upon completion of this, the various topologies best suited for this project were selected, designed, constructed and developed. Two motors were re-designed and constructed for this vehicle and the motor drive was also constructed to control these motors. A Lithium-Ion battery pack was constructed and developed to drive the motors and an off-the-shelf battery management system was purchased and developed to suit the requirements for the Shell Eco- Marathon competition rules. A human interface was also developed in order for the driver to see various parameters of the electric vehicle defined by the Shell Eco-Marathon competition rules. After each component of the drive train was constructed, they underwent various testing procedures to determine the efficiency of each individual component and the overall efficiency for the complete drive train of this electric vehicle was ascertained. The Product Lifecycle Management Competency Centre group developed the chassis for this vehicle. For this reason, only the electric subsystems were evaluated and a simulation was completed of the complete drive train. After the complete drive train was constructed and all the individual subsystems evaluated and simulated, a vehicle with an overall efficiency of about sixty percent was expected and the completed drive train should be adequate enough to complete the entire Shell Eco-Marathon Africa circuit.
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Chandupatla, Udaya B. "Evaluation of power deposited in a homogenous head model for clam-shell type cellular phones." FIU Digital Commons, 2006. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2106.

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The fundamental dosimetric quantity used to measure the level of exposure due to cellular phones is the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). The compliance of a device to the exposure limit is determined by following the guidelines described in IEEE measurement standards. The compliance assessment process can be quite complicated and time consuming, due to the many different test conditions that have to be considered and the slow speed of the measurement equipment. Depending on the frequency, use configuration of the device and form factor the SAR values can vary significantly from test case to test case even for the same device. This work shows that for a particular form factor, indicated as clam shell, where the phone is made of two halves that rotating around a hinge, one of the required test condition, described as tilt position, always provides lower SAR values than touch position, the other test condition. Different frequencies, antenna locations and antenna types have been considered. The results obtained with the well-known Finite Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method have been validated with measurements. A robotic assessment tool (DASY4) is used for measurement purpose.
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Nilsson, Carl-Magnus. "Waveguide Finite Elements Applied on a Car Tyre." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3812.

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<p>Structures acting as waveguides are quite common withexamples being, construction beams, fluid filled pipes, railsand extruded aluminium profiles. Curved structures like cartyres and pipe-bends may also be considered as waveguides. Wavesolutions in such structures may be found by a method calledthe Waveguide Finite Element Method or WFEM. This method uses afinite element approach on the cross-section of a waveguide tomodel the vibro-acoustic response as a set of linear, coupled,one dimensional, wave-equations.</p><p>In this thesis six novel waveguide finite elements arederived and validated. These elements are, straight and curvedpre-stressed, orthotropic or anisotropic shell elements,straight and curved fluid elements, and straight and curvedfluid-shell coupling elements.</p><p>Forced response and input power calculations for infiniteand periodic waveguides are presented. The assembled waveguidemodels can also serve as input for the Super Spectral FiniteElement Method, which enables forced response calculations formore complex boundaries. Furthermore, several properties ofdamped and undamped wave solutions are investigated.</p><p>Finally, a car tyre model, encompassing for the highlyanisotropic material and the air cavity inside the tyre is setforth. A number of forced response calculations for this modelare presented and compared with measurements with goodagreement.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>wave equation, wave solution, waveguide,finite element, spectral finite element, tyre noise, tyrevibration, input power, shells, pre-stress, fluid-shellcoupling axi-symmetric, two-and-half-dimensional</p>
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Kirchoff, Ingrid Synnøve. "Everything is NOT awesome : A study on the campaign that ended LEGO’s partnership with Shell." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-38231.

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There is an on-going discussion in public relation scholarship surrounding the implication of critical theory on the study of activists’ utilization of public relations tools. One side believes that the mainstream theoretical models are sufficient for explaining the situation in which conflicts and negotiations between activists and corporations are happening, the other believes that critical theory needs to be applied. The purpose of this thesis is to provide an example that sheds light on this type of situation. It will study the 2014 conflict between Greenpeace and LEGO to see if orthodox theories are applicable, or if not, how and why critical theory should get more attention from public relations scholars.   The aim of the thesis is to solve the conflict through studying a case. To solve the dispute two research questions are aiming to scrutinize the negotiation situation between LEGO and Greenpeace. The questions are asking what images of the Greenpeace campaign was most frequently used by the media, and how these frame LEGO. A method triangulation was applied to answer these questions. First, a quantitative study identified what images that were most frequently used by the media to cover the story. Later a qualitative text analysis in the form of semiotics was used to analyse how these images framed LEGO. The result shows that almost 90% of the images used by mass media was directly illustrating Greenpeace’s campaign. The messages in these images framed LEGO on one hand, as a passive player that would stand by and watch as their business partner polluted both the earth and kids’ imaginations.  On the other hand the company was portrayed as an almighty institution that would not take stakeholders wishes and opinions into consideration.   The study serves as an example on the negotiation situation between activists and corporations. The conclusion relates the thesis back to the problem definition. The public relation communication utilized by Greenpeace, and studied in this thesis, is evidence that the scholarship needs broaden the intellectual domain by incorporating activism and critical theory into the academic field.
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Matakane, Gcina M. "The people shall govern: Constituent power and the South African Constitution." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5625.

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Magister Philosophiae - MPhil<br>The South African negotiations process, in the true spirit of classical liberalism, emphasised juridical continuity, legality, and gradual political change. But in spite of this and the fact that South Africa’s constitution-making process is acclaimed as the most successful negotiated revolution, it is generally recognised that there is incongruity between the promise and hope brought about by South Africa’s constitution-making process and the political and social crises that ensued after the advent of constitutional democracy in the country. I argue in this analysis that the South African constitutional discourse must undergo a fundamental shift by abandoning the normative regulation of the constituent power of the people in order to allow for the people to truly govern. The acknowledgement of the possibility of the unregulated exercise of constituent power through people-driven initiatives can mitigate the current malaise facing South Africa’s constitutional democracy.
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Books on the topic "Shell Powder"

1

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Naval Affairs, ed. Reserve Powder and Shell and Reserve Ammunition. Department Letter. U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Naval Affairs, ed. Reserve Powder and Shell and Reserve Ammunition. Department Letter. U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Mudhoo, Ackmez. Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos Nucifera L. Shell Powder. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1986-6.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos Nucifera L. Shell Powder: Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 by Cocos Nucifera L. The Author(s), 2011.

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Unna, Issachar. ha-Fiziḳah shel ha-energiyah. Misrad ha-biṭaḥon, 2002.

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Eshel, Tsadoḳ. Naharayim: Sipurah shel taḥanat-ha-koaḥ. Ḥevrat ha-ḥashmal le-Yiśraʼel, Miśrad ha-dover, 1990.

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Cohn, Margit. Samkhuyot kelaliyot shel ha-rashut ha-mevatsaʻat. ha-Mahon le-meḥḳere ḥaḳiḳah ule-mishpaṭ hashṿaʼati ʻal shem Hari u-Mikhaʼel Saḳer, ha-Faḳulṭah le-mishpaṭim, ha-Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim, 2002.

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Maniv, Asher. Ḥulshato shel ha-koaḥ. Yad Ṭabenḳin, 1986.

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Magid, Peter G. OS/2 Warp Uncensored: The Power of the Workplace Shell. IDG Books Worldwide, 1995.

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Fesṭinger, Yirʼon. Shel mi ha-bayit ha-zeh? ḥ. mo. l., 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Shell Powder"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Ostrea Shell Powder." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_7288.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Carya Illinoensis Shell Powder." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1701.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Cocos Nucifera Shell Powder." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2286.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Juglans Mandshurica Shell Powder." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_5497.

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Luu, Hong Thi, Mai Thanh Pham, Cham Thi Trinh, Hiep Quang Nguyen, and Khoa Hong Pham. "Effects of Clam Shell Powder on Some Properties of Paint." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-2810-0_23.

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Ikumapayi, Omolayo M., and Esther T. Akinlabi. "Image Segmentation and Grain Size Measurements of Palm Kernel Shell Powder." In Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_29.

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Yadav, Pratik Ranjan, and Mahesh Patel. "Potential of Coconut Shell Powder on Geotechnical Characteristics of Stabilized Soil." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4739-1_54.

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Gonçalves, Victor Paes Dias, David Coverdale Rangel Velasco, Henry A. Colorado, Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira, and Felipe Lopes Perisse. "3D Printing in Additive Manufacturing in Stereolithography: Coconut Shell Powder Additive." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81190-6_9.

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Vasudevan, Gunalaan, and Navisha Marimuthu. "Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Eggshell Powder and Palm Kernel Shell Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement." In Advances in Civil Engineering Materials. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6560-5_3.

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Olubajo, Olumide Olu, and Osha Ade Odey. "Effect of Glass Powder and Egg Shell Powder on the Consistency and Setting Time of Cement Blends." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0742-4_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Shell Powder"

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Dutilleul, Thomas, Robert Widdison, James Connell, John Crossley, Mark Albert, and David Gandy. "Complex Linear Welding Development for Thick Section Electron Beam Welding for Pressure Vessel Applications." In AM-EPRI 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2024p0183.

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Abstract As part of a Department of Energy (DOE) funded program assessing advanced manufacturing techniques for Small Modular Reactor (SMR) applications, the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) have been developing Electron Beam Welding (EBW) parameters and procedures based upon SA508 Grade 3 Class 1 base material. The transition shell, a complex component connecting the lower assembly to the upper assembly is a shell that flares up with varying thicknesses across its section. The component due to its geometry could be built by near net shape powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing instead of conventional forging techniques. The demonstrator transition shell here is built from several sub-forging as a training exercise. The complex geometry and joint configuration were selected to assess the EBW as a suitable technique. This paper presents results from the steady state welding in the 60-110 mm material thickness range, showing that weld properties meet specification requirements. Weld quality was assured by Time-of-Flight Diffraction (ToFD). The transition shell was completed by welding a flange to the assembly. The presented transition shell assembly represents 6 welded sections all fabricated in below 100 min total welding time.
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Agbeboh, Newton I., Abon Adus, Adeolu A. Adediran, Isiaka O. Oladele, and Oluwasogo L. Ogundipe. "Investigation of the Effects of Oyster Shell Powder Bio-Fillers on the Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Epoxy Composites." In 2024 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Driving Sustainable Development Goals (SEB4SDG). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seb4sdg60871.2024.10629920.

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Al-Sulaiman, Saleh, Abdul Razzaq Al-Shamari, Sundip Kuthe, Yousef Khuraibut, and Sharad Londhe. "Study on Repetitive Failure of Gas/Gas Heat Exchanger." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11320.

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Abstract A Gas/Gas shell and tube heat exchanger in gas dehydration unit in gathering center of Oil &amp; Gas production company had failed repeatedly over the years. To investigate the cause of this repetitive failure, detailed visual inspection &amp; Non-Destructive testing (NDT) of a piece of shell plate and pieces of tube from an old scrapped gas/gas heat exchanger was carried out. Additionally X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and chemical analyses of deposits from tube and shell side were performed. The investigation showed that corrosion products, consisting of particles of several forms of iron oxides-hydroxides, sulfides and carbonates that form the basis for the black powder phenomenon, along with sulfur deposits had resulted in the blockage of the Gas/Gas shell &amp; tube heat exchanger, as well as under deposit corrosion. The incidence of pitting / under deposit corrosion of the tubes resulted in perforations in the tubes and leakages. The online corrosion (coupon) monitoring data also showed severe corrosion and pitting in the downstream of Gas/Gas exchanger. Several recommendations have been made to prevent deposit accumulation and failures in the Gas/Gas heat exchanger.
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Katre, Sakhi, Prashant Baredar, Gaurav Dwivedi, and Raj Suman. "Comparative Analysis of Various Properties of Sawdust, Bamboo, and Coconut Shell Pellets using Char Powder and Burn Oil as Binding Materials." In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/iatmsi64286.2025.10985090.

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Pramono, Catur, Nani Mulyaningsih, Sri Hastuti, and Yuni Nur Diana. "Mechanical properties of composite with reinforced epoxy matrix coconut shell powder, Cassava peel powder, aluminum powder." In ORCA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF MECHANICAL, MATERIALS AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2022. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0222417.

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Zhang, Xiaomeng, Wanjun Zhang, Junwen Ma, and Yubo Cui. "Feasibility Study of Shell Powder as Biological Aerated Filter." In The International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0011175700003443.

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Zavodova, Tatiana, Evgeny Khmelnikov, Konstantin Smagin, and Sofia Dubinina. "Modeling the filling of the shell with granulated powder elements." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING AND METALLURGY (ICIMM 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0074607.

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Yikarebogha, Y., K. C. Igwilo, N. Uwaezuoke, and J. U. Obibuike. "Improving Cement Sheet Contraction and Strength Retrogression for High Temperature Well Cementing Using Local Material." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217091-ms.

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Abstract Cement sheet contraction and strength retrogression associated with high temperature well cementing has been prevented in the industry over the years with the use of silica flour. Due to the difficulty in sourcing the silica flour, Tympanotonus fuscatus commonly known as "Periwinkle shell" was investigated as an alternative. Elemental and Oxides characterization were carried out and periwinkle shell powder contains CaO – 69.54%, SiO2 – 16.96%, Al2O3 – 12.06%. API standard procedures were employed throughout the laboratory measurements to determine compressive strength using periwinkle shells powder at 35% and 40% (BWOC), compressive strength values at 24hrs/30days gave 4350/4365psi and 4485/4498psi at 200°F. But at 35% and 40% (BWOC), compressive strength values at 24hrs/30days gave 4811/4895psi and 4904/4927psi at 250°F. Using Silica flour as a control additive in the cement slurry formulations at 35% and 40% (BWOC) gave compressive strength values at 24hrs/30days of 3629/3652psi and 3699/3716psi at 200°F, at 35% and 40% (BWOC) gave compressive strength of 3720/3729psi and 3728/3753psi at 250°F. This showed that at equal concentrations and conditions, periwinkle shell powder gave the better result than the conventional silica flour. Also, the waste periwinkle shell possesses no commercial value and being locally available, it's usage in cement slurry for cement sheet contraction and strength retrogression reduces cost of HPHT cement operations.
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Bassini, Emilio, Pietro A. Martelli, Serena Lerda, et al. "Rapid L-PBF Printing Of IN718 Coupled With HIP-Quench: A Faster Approach To Combine Manufacturing And Heat Treatment In A Nickel-Based Alloy." In Euro Powder Metallurgy 2023 Congress & Exhibition. EPMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59499/ep235763076.

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Applying Hot Isostatic Pressing to additively manufactured samples is a key factor in drastically reducing the printing time. In this work, L-PBF IN718 was printed with two different strategies aiming to reduce the leading time drastically. The first consisted of printing a 1 mm dense shell of material, leaving the powders inside completely loosened. The second used two different printing speeds, a slower one for the external shell and a faster one for the core. The two strategies allowed a time saving of 60 and 45 %, respectively. A further time optimization consisted in performing the following HIP process at the same temperature as the annealing treatment to get full densification and the correct microstructure at the same time thanks to a final fast gas quench. The obtained microstructures were assessed morphologically using traditional electronic microscopy and EBSD. Furthermore, the shell-core interface was assessed via micro-indentations.
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Becker, Louis, Felix Radtke, Jonathan Lentz, Simone Herzog, Christoph Broeckmann, and Sebastian Weber. "An Innovative Approach To The Additive Manufacturing Of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel." In Euro Powder Metallurgy 2024 Congress & Exhibition. EPMA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59499/ep246252913.

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Laser Powder Bed Fusion/Metal (PBF-LB/M) shows great promise for industrial applications, but its extended production time remains a challenge. To address this, innovative methods such as the shell-core approach have been developed. In this procedure, a component is created with a dense outer shell surrounding a core of either unexposed or minimally exposed powder, drastically reducing processing time. Full densification and specific property adjustment are achieved by subsequent hot isostatic pressing (HIP). This study demonstrates the use of shell-core specimens made from a powder blend of austenitic stainless steel and Si3N4 to produce high-nitrogen steel components that are otherwise difficult to produce due to limited nitrogen solubility in the steel melt. During HIP, Si3N4 dissolves into the austenitic matrix, enriching it with nitrogen and circumventing solubility issues. This results in a material with increased strength and potentially improved corrosion resistance due to the beneficial impact of nitrogen on steel properties.
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Reports on the topic "Shell Powder"

1

Swartz, Scott. Tailored Core Shell Cathode Powders for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1174280.

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Sanford, T. W. L., R. B. Spielman, and G. A. Chandler. Wire number doubling in plasma-shell regime increases Z-accelerator X-ray power. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/554833.

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Sanford, T. W. L., R. B. Spielman, and G. A. Chandler. Wire number doubling in plasma-shell regime increases z-accelerator x-ray power. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/562481.

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Xu, Wencan, Z. A. Conway, E. Daly, et al. HIGH POWER TEST RESULTS FOR A CYLINDRICAL-SHELL SIC Higher-Order-Mode DAMPER. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2315627.

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Bergles, A. E., M. K. Jensen, E. F. Somerscales, L. A. Jr Curcio, and R. R. Trewin. Enhanced shell-and-tube heat eschangers for the power and process industries. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10176556.

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CRASS, D. W. An Evaluation of Power Fluidics Mixing & Pumping for Application in the Single Shell Tank (SST) Retrieval Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807274.

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Boulware and Porter. L52329 Improve Weld Quality by use of Commercially Available Real-Time Welding Monitors. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010003.

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There are a number of COTS RTQM systems available today both stand-alone and integrated into welding power supplies, each with its specific advantages and disadvantages. For proper selection, the end user needs to identify and prioritize their needs. To assist in the selection process a guide was generated outlining each systems features and functionality, including important features relative to pipeline applications (e.g. battery operated, field operable, etc.) This guide can be used in conjunction with the users priorities as a starting point for system selection. The objective of this project was to create a concise listing of commercial off the shelf (COTS), real-time quality monitoring (RTQM) systems and their pros and cons with respect to pipeline welding. A limited trade study was conducted to identify the available COTS RTQMs manufactured in the United States and Europe.
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8

Russo, Johnny, Marc S. Litz, and Dimos Katsis. Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Indirect Energy Conversion Isotope (IDEC) Design Structure and Power Management. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612635.

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9

Kargher, R. S., S. J. Ryder, D. D. Wray, R. D. Woolrich, and W. G. Horn. Feasibility of Using Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Ruggedized Laptop Computers and Independent Power Sources in a Disabled Submarine. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399363.

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Salcedo, Felipe, Jose Bejarano, Juan Diaz, Yina Ortega, and Ariel Vaca. Production of a starch-based polymeric coating with incorporation of bioactive principles from chemical synthesis to extend the shelf life of cavendish banana. Universidad de los Andes, 2024. https://doi.org/10.51573/andes.pps39.ss.bbb.4.

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Crown rot is a severe postharvest disease affecting tropical and subtropical fruits like mango, avocado, papaya, and banana. It is caused by fungal pathogens that penetrate the fruit, reducing its pulp and leading to premature ripening. Systemic fungicides have been used to control these fungi, typically applied to seeds, leaves, or fruits to prevent disease spread. However, traditional fungicides can pose toxicity risks to the environment and human health. Essential oils are chemical substances that can be found in plants and have antifungal capacity. Essential oils are being investigated as an alternative to traditional fungicides since they are less toxic to the environment and human health; however, they are more expensive and less efficient than traditional fungicides. Accordingly, chemically synthesizing the chemical compounds that are the active antifungal agent inside essential oils can be an ecological and effective approach to produce a new generation of antifungals. In this study, modified starch was investigated as a carrier for thymol (active antifungal agent in thyme oil) incorporation using four distinct methods. Emulsions of starch and thymol were prepared and spray dried to obtain a soluble powder that was used to produce coatings. The most effective method for thymol incorporation yields a retention of approximately 40% according to gas chromatography analysis. In-vitro results indicated that thymol incorporated into the matrix exhibited antifungal effects against key fungi responsible for crown rot disease in Cavendish bananas at concentrations greater than 6% w/w relative to the coating matrix.
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