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1

Botting, David Charles. "Making monstrous : Frankenstein, criticism, theory." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238150.

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2

Van, Wyk Wihan. "Shelleyan monsters: the figure of Percy Shelley in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Peter Ackroyd’s The Casebook of Victor Frankenstein." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4860.

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Magister Artium - MA
This thesis will examine the representation of the figure of Percy Shelley in the text of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1818). My hypothesis is that Percy Shelley represents to Mary Shelley a figure who embodies the contrasting and more startling aspects of both the Romantic Movement and the Enlightenment era. This I will demonstrate through a close examination of the text of Frankenstein and through an exploration of the figure of Percy Shelley as he is represented in the novel. The representation of Shelley is most marked in the figures of Victor and the Creature, but is not exclusively confined to them. The thesis will attempt to show that Victor and the Creature can be read as figures for the Enlightenment and the Romantic movements respectively. As several critics have noted, these fictional protagonists also represent the divergent elements of Percy Shelley’s own divided personality, as he was both a dedicated man of science and a radical Romantic poet. He is a figure who exemplifies the contrasting notions of the archetypal Enlightenment man, while simultaneously embodying the Romantic resistance to some aspects of that zeitgeist. Lately, there has been a resurgence of interest in the novel by contemporary authors, biographers and playwrights, who have responded to it in a range of literary forms. I will pay particular attention to Peter Ackroyd’s, The Casebook of Victor Frankenstein (2011), which shows that the questions Frankenstein poses to the reader are still with us today. I suggest that this is one of the main impulses behind this recent resurgence of interest in Mary Shelley’s novel. In particular, my thesis will explore the idea that the question of knowledge itself, and the scientific and moral limits which may apply to it, has a renewed urgency in early 21st century literature. In Frankenstein this is a central theme and is related to the figure of the “modern Prometheus”, which was the subtitle of Frankenstein, and which points to the ambitious figure who wishes to advance his own knowledge at all costs. I will consider this point by exploring the ways in which the tensions embodied by Percy Shelley and raised by the original novel are addressed in these contemporary texts. The renewed interest in these questions suggests that they remain pressing in our time, and continue to haunt us in our current society, not unlike the Creature in the novel.
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3

Kolker, Danielle. "Mary Shelley, Victor Frankenstein, and the Powers of Creation." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1411135456.

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4

Hillerström, Mikael. "A feminist reading of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74494.

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This essay is a feminist analysis of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818) that shows how Shelley criticizes society through presenting feminist viewpoints. I argue that Shelley critiques traditional gender roles by punishing characters subscribing to them. Most of the characters conform to traditional gender stereotypes. The male characters are ambitious and self-centered while the female characters are self-sacrificing and docile. The main protagonist Victor Frankenstein represents patriarchal belief and is incapable of any feminine attributes which leads to the demise of everyone he cares for, and himself. The male-only narration emphasizes how insignificant the male characters deem women to be, as they are rarely heard of and most of the time ignored. In the novel, nature is represented as active and feminine, and it punishes or rewards characters in accordance with their actions.
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5

Haapala, Linda. "Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Dangers of Medical Science." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-67377.

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Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein has frequently been interpreted as a cautionary tale of the dangers of medical science and its ambitions. However, by comparing the different narratives in the novel the essay will show that the intention of the novel is quite different. The essay will show that while Frankenstein himself comes to believe that science is the culprit, the narratives by Walton and the creature qualify that view, showing rather that the problem is not science as such but Frankenstein’s abandonment of his creation. The essay begins with a brief introduction to the historical background of the novel, followed by an analysis of the three distinct narratives given by Walton, Frankenstein and the creature, and conclude with a discussion of the findings when comparing their narratives.
Mary Shelleys Frankenstein har ofta tolkats som en varnande berättelse om farorna av medicinsk vetenskap och dess ambitioner. Men genom att jämföra de olika berättelserna i boken så kommer uppsatsen att visa att syftet med boken är ganska annorlunda. Uppsatsen kommer att visa att medan Frankenstein själv tror att vetenskapen är den skyldige, Waltons och varelsens berättelser berättigar denna uppfattning, så är problemet inte vetenskap som sådan utan det faktum att Frankenstein övergav sin skapelse. Uppsatsen börjar med en kort introduktion till den historiska bakgrunden av boken, följt av en analys av de tre distinkta berättelserna från Walton, Frankenstein och varelsen och uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion av resultaten när man jämför deras berättelser.
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6

Åsman, Sofia. "Människan och Naturen i Mary Shelleys Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-16426.

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Denna uppsats ämnar med hjälp av av teorier från ekokritik och posthumanism besvara frågorna hur Mary Shelley i sin roman skildrar relationen mellan natur och människa, samt hur man med utgångspunkt i Frankensteins monster (i uppsatsen refererad till som Skapelsen) kan diskutera begreppet människa. Med ekokritik menas här att studera det mänskliga jämfört med det ickemänskliga samt att också diskutera detta mänskliga, vilket är en av huvudpoängerna inom posthumanism. Den vetenskapssyn och natursyn som var gällande på Mary Shelleys tid var antropocentrisk, en världsåskådning som alltid utgår ifrån människan, och som oftast ger människan högre status än allt annat. I romanen skildras detta genom Kapten Waltons syn på sitt upptäcktsresande, och Victor Frankensteins önskan att besegra döden, eller naturen, genom att skapa en ny varelse, för vilket han får plikta med sitt liv, då han inte klarar det hårda klimatet vid Nordpolen. Det blir alltså naturen som dödar honom. I detta kan ses Mary Shelleys kritik mot ett oansvarigt utforskande av naturen och dess processer. Vid försök att diskutera konceptet människa kan upptäckas att en definition lätt motarbetas genom att inte alla människor passar in på denna definition, och att det också kan finnas andra varelser som helt eller delvis gör det. Saken kompliceras dessutom av att en maskin, en robot, eller en artificiell intelligens, numera kan fungera mycket likt en hjärna, och att den mänskliga hjärnan beskrivs som en serie elektrokemiska impulser. Vi leds att acceptera Derridas tanke att människa inte är något som går att definiera. Även denna diskussion kan ses som antropocentrisk, vilket är en av svårigheterna; att bortse från sin egen kulturs världsåskådning.
The main focus of this essay is to attempt to answer the questions of how Mary Shelley, in her novel Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus, portrays the relationship between man and nature, and how Frankensteins creature can serve as a starting point in a discussion of the term human. The theories of ecocriticism - here described as the study of the relationship between human and nonhuman - and poshumanism, which contains the premisses for discussing this human, reveal many interesting things about the novel. The scientific approach to the world, and by extension, nature, can in Shelleys novel be considered anthropocentric, which is portrayed as a damaging world-view. Attempts to discuss the concept of human reveals that any definition can be met with resistence and objections. Not all humans meet the criteria of a certain definition, and there may be other creatures that do. The conclusion here may be that the human simply cannot be defined properly.
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7

Mattos, Marília. "Humanoides pós-naturais: atualizações de Frankenstein na cultura ocidental." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/8495.

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A tese investiga a relação do mito Frankenstein com configurações identitárias, ditas "pós-humanas", da cultura ocidental. O capítulo inicial focaliza as principais características do mito frankensteiniano, tais como a questão do duplo, a noção de monstro e a de herói trágico, assim como o conflito entre o Romantismo e o Iluminismo. Em "Monstros e máquinas" são abordados androides ficcionais da literatura e do cinema, relacionando-os a correntes epistemológicas da Inteligência Artificial e a Frankenstein. Também é enfocado o subgênero literário "Ficção Científica", buscando-se compreender sua especificidade. O último capítulo concentra-se no pop star Michael Jackson, que é lido como uma versão pós-moderna de Frankenstein, pois se recria incessantemente através da ciência. Jackson é analisado a partir de videoclipes e de dados biográficos e considerado uma atualização contemporânea do herói trágico dionisíaco apontado por Nietzsche
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Letras. Salvador-Ba, 2010.
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8

Nidesjö, Liselott. "Who is the Monster in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein? : A Psychoanalytic Reading of the Double Nature of Victor Frankenstein." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för humaniora (HUM), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-18981.

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This essay challanges one of the worlds most famous horror story, Mary Shelley'sFrankenstein.Who is the monster in this novel? People know the story but they often tend to blend the two head characters, Victor Frankenstein and his creature. Based on the psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, this essay argues that Victor Frankenstein is not the nice guy he seems to be. Appearances are not always what they seem and Victor Frankenstein turns into a "monster of the soul" due to suppressed feelings. His creature never stands a chance without any guidence and love. The creature is instead turned into a "monster of the body" since it is constantly badly treated from the start
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9

Donada, Jaqueline Bohn. ""Spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" : romantic imagery in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/7109.

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A literatura romântica inglesa se constituiu basicamente de poesia, pois foi produzida em uma época em que ficção em prosa era vista como mero entretenimento. Alguns romancistas, excepcionalmente, são rotulados como “românticos”, mas Mary Shelley não aparece entre eles. Durante mais de um século, sua obra permaneceu restrita às sessões dos livros que tratam da exótica literatura gótica. A presente dissertação argumenta que a crítica literária não tem reconhecido a óbvia relação de Frankenstein com o romantismo inglês. Para evidenciar tal envolvimento, será apresentada uma análise do conjunto de imagens do romance que busque revelar os elementos românticos ali contidos. A análise se baseia, principalmente, nas idéias de Northrop Frye a respeito da natureza e função de imagens na literatura. O conceito de intertextualidade também será utilizado como ferramenta para a análise da inserção de imagens no romance e da inserção do romance no contexto do romantismo inglês. O trabalho é dividido em três partes. A primeira explora as relações de Frankenstein com a vida de Mary Shelley e com o romantismo inglês. A segunda expõe a base teórica em que esta dissertação se apóia. A última apresenta a minha leitura da teia de imagens do romance. Ao final, espero poder validar a tese proposta: que Frankenstein incorpora os valores estéticos e filosóficos do romantismo e merece, portanto, ser situado no seu devido lugar no cânone literário inglês como o representante legítimo do romantismo em prosa.
Romantic English literature – written at a time when prose fiction was predominantly a medium for sheer entertainment – is rooted in poetry. One or two novelists may exceptionally be granted the adjective “Romantic”, but Mary Shelley is not ranked among them. For centuries, her work has been restricted to that section in handbooks reserved for exotic Gothic literature. This thesis argues that literary criticism has failed to recognize Frankenstein’s obvious relation with the movement. The argument will be fostered by a brief look at such handbooks, and developed through the analysis of the imagery of the novel, so as to trace the Romantic elements there contained. The analysis relies mainly on the frame developed by Northrop Frye concerning the nature and function of imagery in literature. The concept of intertextuality will also be useful as a tool to account for the insertion of images in the novel, and for the novel’s insertion within the Romantic context. The work is divided into three parts. The first contextualizes the main issues set forth by Frankenstein, establishing connections with the life of the author and with the Romantic movement. The second exposes the theoretical basis on which the thesis is grounded. The last presents my reading of the novel’s web of images. In the end, I hope to validate the thesis proposed, that Frankenstein embodies the aesthetic and philosophical assessments of the English Romantic agenda, and therefore deserves to be situated in its due place in the English Literary canon as the legitimate representative of Romanticism in prose form.
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10

Chow, Wing-kai Ernest. "Transgression and identity in Frankenstein, Lord Jim, and the Satanic Verses." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18735563.

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11

Lamphear, Christopher. "INVOKING THE INCUBUS: MARY SHELLEY’s USE OF THE DEMON-LOVER TRADITION IN FRANKENSTEIN." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1366752348.

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12

Stafford, Richard Todd. "A Genealogy of Frankenstein's Creation: Appropriation, Hypermediacy, and Distributed Cognition in Shelley Jackson's Patchwork Girl, Victor Erice's Spirit of the Beehive, and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76983.

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Studies of Frankenstein-related cultural, literary, and filmic productions tend to either focus atomistically on a particular cultural artifact or construct rather strict chains of filiation between multiple artifacts. Media scholars have developed rich conceptual resources for describing cross-media appropriations in the realm of fandom (including fan fiction and slash fiction); however, many scholars of digital literary culture tend to describe the relationships between new media artifacts and their print counterparts in terms that promote what is "new" about these media forms without attending to how older media forms anticipate and enter into conversation with electronic multimedia formats. This paper suggests an alternative to this model that emphasizes the extent to which media forms remix, appropriate, and speak through other media and cultural artifacts. Studying Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, James Whale's classic Frankenstein and Bride of Frankenstein films, Victor Erice's Spirit of the Beehive, Bill Condon's Gods and Monsters, Shelley Jackson's Patchwork Girl, and some of the scholarly literature around the Frankenstein narrative, the construction of gender, and the discourse of post- humanity, this paper explores the mechanisms through which these artifacts draw attention to their participation in a greater "body" of Frankenstein culture. Additionally, this paper explores how these artifacts use what Bolter and Grusin have described as the logic of hypermediacy to emphasize the specificity of their deployment through a particular medium into a specific historical situation.
Master of Arts
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13

Bell, Vivienne Ann. "William Godwin and Frankenstein : the secularization of Calvinism in Godwin's philosophy and the sub-Godwinian Gothic novel ; with some remarks on the relationship of the Gothic to Romanticism /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armb435.pdf.

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14

Ring, Isa. "Frankenstein; or, the trials of a posthuman subject : An investigation of the Monster in Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and his attempt at acquiring human subjectivity in a posthuman state." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Engelska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34419.

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Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley and the characters within, tell a prominent story of the posthuman condition in a society where humanist thought is the only conception of subjectivity. The use of not only posthuman studies, but more specifically studies including subjectivity was needed, in order to analyse the relationship between the humanist and the posthuman subjects. Theories of posthuman subjectivity and subjectivity by Rosi Braidotti and Michel Foucault were used in order to examine the posthuman condition of “Frankenstein’s monster” and the role of humanist vs. posthuman subjectivity between Victor Frankenstein and the monster. The tension between Victor and the monster was analysed in order to investigate the monster’s struggle at acquiring subjectivity in a posthuman state, which revealed why it is impossible for the humanist and posthuman subject to peacefully coexist.
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Davies, Vanessa. "Constituents of Fatherhood that Represent a Threat to Family and Society in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187112.

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Feminist literary critics have long focused on the female gender role in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. This essay turns instead to the role of fatherhood in Frankenstein. This has been achieved by applying Judith Butler’s feminist theory, the Theory of Performativity, and by examining the different examples of fatherhood in the novel, performing a comparative study whilst applying a historical context. The main point of focus has been to compare the effects, of the existing types of fatherhood in the novel, on family and society, using the Theory of Performativity. This has resulted in the understanding that Frankenstein gives much consideration to the constituents of fatherhood which may represent the most immediate threat to the family as a building block, to the happiness of children, and the improvement of society.
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Bradling, Björn. "Diskurs och dissonans : "den Samme" och "den Andre" i Mary Shelleys Frankenstein ; or, the Modern Prometheus." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35154.

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This essay – Discourse and Dissonance – deals with Mary Shelley’s gothic novel Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus (1818). The focal point is the construction of “Them and Us”, as defined by scholars such as Stuart Hall, viewed in terms of the following categories: race, gender and family, class, and sexuality. Rather than applying an outside perspective, e.g. a feminist or Marxist one, to the text, I use Cultural Criticism as described by Arthur Asa Berger in order to deconstruct and reconstruct the discourse, as explained by Michel Foucault, within Shelley’s work. In doing so, I view the hermeneutics of suspicion as the starting point due to its recognition of every text’s hidden truth. Stephen Greenblatt’s term dissonance is useful for the study’s aim of finding the differences and similarities in the voices of the novel’s characters. Intersectionality functions as the tool with which I intertwine the above categories in my analysis.     In conclusion Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus does not convey a message of conformity. Its class-, race- and gender-bound discourse is reproduced in the text, but simultaneously challenged. The dissonant voices of the novel show the discourse from different perspectives and make it obvious that there are cracks on the surface of the discourse, which Shelley deepens by putting it into writing – whether she was aware of it or not.
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Albornoz, Ábrigo Pamela. "Madness as the necessary element for the process of creation in Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein: a romantic perspective." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137792.

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Alegrette, Alessandro Yuri [UNESP]. "Frankenstein: uma releitura do mito de criação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91524.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A dissertação de mestrado, “Frankenstein: uma releitura do mito de criação”, tem como principal objetivo demonstrar como a escritora inglesa Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, por meio de seu romance Frankenstein, ou o moderno Prometeu (1818), conseguiu criar um novo mito, isto é, o mito de Frankenstein, contribuiu para a renovação do romance gótico e para a criação de uma nova modalidade literária - a ficção científica. No primeiro capítulo foi realizado um estudo sobre as origens, características e principais obras do romance gótico. No segundo capítulo é abordada a relação entre mito e literatura e são analisados quais mitos aparecem no enredo do romance de Mary Shelley, enfatizando-se a importância do relato mítico de Prometeu. No terceiro capítulo é estudada a construção do discurso narrativo mítico de Frankenstein e é demonstrada a intertextualidade dessa obra com outros textos, tais como poemas, romances e estudos filosóficos e científicos. No quarto e último capítulo é demonstrado a releitura do mito de criação feita por Mary Shelley, a conseqüente criação do mito de Frankenstein, e as diversas interpretações e releituras que o romance recebeu, terminando com Blade Runner (O caçador de andróides, 1982), filme do cineasta inglês Ridley Scott que, ao promover a atualização do mito de Frankenstein, deu uma contribuição significativa para sua permanência em nossa cultura
The main aim of this Master’s Thesis, “Frankenstein: a rewriting of the myth of creation, is demonstrate how the English writer Mary Shelley in her novel Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus (1818), created a new kind of myth, renewed the gothic novel and gave origin to a new literary genre - science fiction. The first chapter discusses – the origins, characteristics and main works of the Gothic literature. The second chapter explores the relationships between myth and literature, and analyses which myths are present in the plot of Mary Shelley’s novel, stressing the importance of the Promethean’s story. The third chapter is concerned with the construction of mythic narrative discourse and with the novel’s intertextuality with different kind texts, such as poems, another novels and philosophical and scientific studies. The fourth and last chapter concentrates on Mary Shelley’s rewriting of the myth of creation, on the different ways her novel was interpreted and read, and it finishes with study of the film by the English director Ridley Scott, Blade Runner (1982), that offered a major contribution to update and foster the permanence of the Frankenstein’s myth in our culture
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Marken, Moa. ""Of unhallowed arts" : Ett undersökande av de själsliga konsekvenserna av sanningssökande och skapande i Mary Shelleys Frankenstein." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353603.

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Andrade, Arancibia Génesis. "Gazing at the creature, gazing at the monster: an insight into monstrosity in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, the modern prometheus." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137755.

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Kong, Ching-man Paula. "Powerful obsession : variations on a theme in four fictions : Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Joseph Conrad's Heart of darkness, William Golding's Lord of the flies and the spire /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1868550X.

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Pereira, Ismael Bernardo. "Connections between the gothic and science fiction in Frankenstein, Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and the island of Dr. Moreau." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179441.

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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo estabelecer um diálogo entre três obras da literatura britânica do século XIX: o romance Frankenstein (1818), da autora Mary W. Shelley; a novela O Médico e o Monstro (1886), de autoria de Robert Louis Stevenson; e o romance A Ilha do Dr. Moreau (1896), de H. G. Wells. Tal comparação será feita com base nas convenções advindas dos gêneros Gótico e Ficção científica, presentes nas obras. Como principal alicerce teórico para a definição de gêneros entendem-se as considerações de Tzvetan Todorov, que defende que os gêneros são inevitáveis como horizonte de interpretação, além de serem entidades em constante mudança numa cadeia de influências através da qual novos gêneros são criados a partir de outros pré-existentes. O presente trabalho parte desse pressuposto para determinar de que maneira os gêneros Gótico e Ficção científica estão presentes nas obras, observando como os traços do Gótico, ao se adaptarem através do tempo, deram lugar a convenções ainda semelhantes, mas que já apontavam para o que posteriormente seria considerado um novo gênero literário. Primeiramente, são feitas considerações sobre conceitos de gênero textual/literário através do tempo, as quais mostram o quanto seu estudo permaneceu constante. A seguir são definidas certas convenções dos dois gêneros, assim como o modo como dialogam entre si. A segunda parte do trabalho analisa as duas primeiras obras em ordem cronológica, Frankenstein e O Médico e o Monstro, de maneira a perceber a predominância de convenções do Gótico – especialmente relacionadas ao conflito interior dos personagens, como o "duplo" – ao mesmo tempo que a emergência de temas da ciência, como os de criador/criatura e ambição científica. O último capítulo verifica como a primeira fase da Ficção científica de H. G. Wells em geral e A Ilha do Dr. Moreau em particular resgatam convenções dos dois gêneros supracitados, ao mesmo tempo servindo como consolidador das convenções do último. Conclui-se, portanto, que houve uma evolução que possibilitou a emergência de um novo gênero ligado ao contexto histórico das obras, o que legitima a consideração dos gêneros como entidades mais livres e não restritivas, que podem estar presentes em diversas obras ao mesmo tempo e ampliar seu horizonte de interpretação.
This thesis establishes a dialogue among three books from 19th century British literature: the novel Frankenstein (1818), by M. W. Shelley; the novella Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), by Robert Louis Stevenson; and the novel The Island of Dr. Moreau (1896), by H. G. Wells. This comparison is made based on the specific Gothic and Science fiction conventions present in the books. The main theoretical support for the definition of genres employed here comes from Tzvetan Todorov. The author argues that genres are inevitable as horizons of interpretation, entities in constant change which tend to create new genres from pre-existent ones, in a chain of influences. This thesis considers this supposition to determine how Gothic and Science fiction make themselves present in the works analyzed, in a way that Gothic traits, being adapted through time, give way to similar but yet innovative conventions, which subsequently would be considered a new literary genre. Primarily, considerations concerning the concept of genres through history are made, all of which show how this study was kept constant. Hereafter, certain conventions regarding both genres are defined, as well as the manner they dialogue amongst themselves. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the analysis of Frankenstein and Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and establishes the predominance of Gothic conventions – especially the ones related to the inner conflict of the characters, such as the "double" –, while considering the emergence of scientific themes, such as the creator/creature relationship and scientific ambition. The last section verifies how the first cycle of H. G. Wells' Science fiction in a broad sense, and The Island of Dr. Moreau in a strict sense, reemploy conventions of both genres, serving to consolidate the latter. Therefore, it is concluded that there was an evolution which enabled the emergence of a new genre, considering the historical contexts and the books analyzed. This consideration justifies genres as wide-ranging, non-restrictive entities, which may be present in various works simultaneously and broaden their horizon of interpretation.
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Hanes, Stacie L. "The Sense and Sensibility of The 19th-Century Fantastic." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1382975086.

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Preuss, K. "An interdisciplinary inquiry into the question of madness in Mary Shelley and E.T.A. Hoffmann, with particular reference to 'Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus' and 'Der Sandmann'." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638570.

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Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus was first published in 1818. A year before, Hoffmann's novella 'Der Sandmann' was published in the first of the two volumes of his Nachtstücke. The fact that both texts represent certain features shared by the Romantic movements in Germany and England, such as an ironic stance towards Romanticism itself - its Prometheanism, its indulgence in the occult - whilst at the same time offering a critique, rather than a celebration, of the Enlightenment project, already justify a comparative study. The first two chapters stress the contrastive approaches of Hoffmann and Mary Shelley in their explorations of madness. Whereas Hoffmann uses his contacts to Bamberg's renowned medical circle for his literary experiments with madness, Mary Shelley displays elements of philosophy and metaphysics in her method to determine the links between melancholy and madness. The debate over whether or not to regard insanity as an illness and whether it is related to the body or the mind is a major theme in both texts and a chief concern of their contemporaries. The rest of this thesis emphasises the similarities of mythological, cultural and linguistic contexts within which Mary Shelley and Hoffmann settle their preoccupation with madness. In the figures of Victor and Nathanael both works explore the question of perversity and aberrance by measuring human protagonists against the two figures who are in varying senses other than human (the monster and the automaton Olimpia). In such ways, both authors problematise the very concept of human nature itself. By posing this most unsettling of questions, Frankenstein and 'Der Sandmann' are able to explore the fragility and impotence of human reason which they reveal by staging its confrontation with (construction of) its own other, that is, 'the dark side of nature.'
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Angel-Cann, Lauryn. "Stretched Out On Her Grave: The Evolution of a Perversion." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2586/.

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The word "necrophilia" brings a particular definition readily to mind – that of an act of sexual intercourse with a corpse, probably a female corpse at that. But the definition of the word did not always have this connotation; quite literally the word means "love of the dead," or "a morbid attraction to death." An examination of nineteenth-century literature reveals a gradual change in relationships between the living and the dead, culminating in the sexualized representation of corpses at the close of the century. The works examined for necrophilic content are: Mary Wollstonecraft’s Mary, A Fiction, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights, and Bram Stoker’s Dracula and The Jewel of Seven Stars.
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Johansson, Daniel. "Från Shelley till Asimov : Medvetandets filosofis utveckling i science fiction." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384365.

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Uppsatsen beskriver utveckling av medvetandets filosofi i science fiction mellan 1800-talet och mitten av 1900-talet. För analysen används Mary Shelleys Frankenstein och Isaac Asimovs the Bicentennial Man. Utvecklingen i science fiction går parallellt med utveckling inom filosofin. Utvecklingen går mot en fysikalisk lösning på kropp och medvetande problemet med argument från behaviorismen, identitetsteorin, samt funktionalismen.
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Heidenescher, Joseph D. ""Listen to my tale": Shelley's Literate Monster." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1450430867.

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Söderström, Jonatan. "Den Skrämmande Övertygelsen : Hybris och övermod som teman och motiv i tre skräckberättelser." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55238.

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Den här uppsatsen analyserar användandet av hybris som tema och motiv i tre olika skräckberättelser, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein (1818) och H.P. Lovecrafts två noveller ”The Other Gods” (1933) respektive ”From Beyond” (1934). De tre berättelserna använder alla hybris som tema och berättartekniskt verktyg för att på liknande vis gestalta karaktärer och skräck på ett sätt som blir mer specifikt för skräck som genre. Sett utifrån en klassisk syn på begreppet man kan finna i bland annat myten om Ikaros och Noël Carrolls mer moderna begrepp under namnet ”overreacher plot” som här kan länkas till hybris-begreppet, tillsammans med andra källor, lyfter uppsatsen exempel på hur hybris är en återkommande och viktig faktor för skräcken i berättelserna. Detta trots att ett sekel skiljer Shelleys och Lovecrafts verk åt.
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Previde, Mauri Cruz. "À sua imagem e semelhança : um estudo de criadores e criaturas em A Eva futura de Villiers de l'Isle Adam e em Frankenstein de Mary Shelley no contexto do romance europeu do século XIX /." Araraquara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154657.

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Orientador: Sidney Barbosa
Banca: Adalberto Luis Vicente
Banca: Norma Domingos
Banca: Marcio Roberto do Prado
Banca: Ricardo Araújo
Resumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo o estudo de duas obras literárias que têm como personagens cientistas criadores e suas criaturas artificiais. Trata-se das obras de Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (1838-1889) e de Mary Shelley (1797-1851), representadas pelos romances L'Ève future e Frankenstein, respectivamente. Para tanto, e em primeiro lugar, traçamos um histórico do desejo humano de criar uma criatura artificial perfeita desde a Antiguidade até os dias atuais. Em seguida, passamos à análise das referidas obras, caracterizando e comparando os criadores e suas respectivas criaturas, concluindo, ao final, o que ambas representam em termos metafóricos
Abstract: This dissertation aims to study two literary works whose characters are creators scientists and their artificial creatures. The following novels are studied: L'Ève future by Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (1838-1889) and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley (1797-1851). Firstly, it was made a survey of the human desire to create a perfect artificial creature from Antiquity to nowadays. Secondly, we started to analyze such literary works, characterizing and comparing the creators and their creatures, and finally, getting the conclusion what both represent metaphorically
Doutor
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Previde, Mauri Cruz [UNESP]. "À sua imagem e semelhança: um estudo de criadores e criaturas em A Eva futura de Villiers de l'Isle Adam e em Frankenstein de Mary Shelley no contexto do romance europeu do século XIX." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154657.

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Esta tese tem por objetivo o estudo de duas obras literárias que têm como personagens cientistas criadores e suas criaturas artificiais. Trata-se das obras de Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (1838-1889) e de Mary Shelley (1797-1851), representadas pelos romances L'Ève future e Frankenstein, respectivamente. Para tanto, e em primeiro lugar, traçamos um histórico do desejo humano de criar uma criatura artificial perfeita desde a Antiguidade até os dias atuais. Em seguida, passamos à análise das referidas obras, caracterizando e comparando os criadores e suas respectivas criaturas, concluindo, ao final, o que ambas representam em termos metafóricos
This dissertation aims to study two literary works whose characters are creators scientists and their artificial creatures. The following novels are studied: L'Ève future by Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (1838-1889) and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley (1797-1851). Firstly, it was made a survey of the human desire to create a perfect artificial creature from Antiquity to nowadays. Secondly, we started to analyze such literary works, characterizing and comparing the creators and their creatures, and finally, getting the conclusion what both represent metaphorically
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Romero, Holly-Mary. "The doppelganger in select nineteenth-century British fiction : Frankenstein, Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and Dracula." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29381/29381.pdf.

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Ce mémoire étudie les épitomés de la figure doppelganger en trois romans britanniques gothiques du XIXe siècle: Frankenstein de Mary Shelley, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde de Robert Louis Stevenson et Dracula de Bram Stoker. En utilisation avec les sources secondaires dont The Origin of Species et The Descent of Man de Charles Darwin, et The Uncanny de Sigmund Freud, je soutiens que le doppelganger symbolise les conventions sociales et les angoisses des hommes britanniques dans les années 1800. Grâce à un examen des représentations physiques et métaphoriques de la dualité et de la figure doppelganger dans la littérature primaire, je démontre que la duplicité était courante au XIXe siècle à Londres. En conclusion, les doppelgangers sont des manifestations physiques gothiques de terreur qui influencent les luttes avec bien séance, des répressions des désirs et des craintes de l'atavisme, de la descente et de l'inconnu dans le XIXe siècle.
This thesis investigates the representations of the doppelganger figure in three nineteenth-century British Gothic novels: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Robert Louis Stevenson’s Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Bram Stoker’s Dracula. Using Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species and The Descent of Man, and Sigmund Freud’s The Uncanny, I argue that the doppelganger symbolizes social conventions and anxieties of British men in the 1800s. By examining the physical and metaphorical representations of duality and the doppelganger figure in literature, I demonstrate that duplicity was commonplace in nineteenth-century London. I conclude that the doppelgangers are physical Gothic manifestations of terror that epitomize nineteenth-century struggles with propriety, repression of desires, and fears of atavism, descent, and the unknown.
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Kerren, Ulla. "Victor’s Body : Male Hysteria and Homoeroticism in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Kenneth Branagh’s Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-32306.

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This thesis investigates the male body in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, first published in 1818, and Kenneth Branagh’s film Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, released in 1994. So doing, the thesis focuses on the analysis of hysteria and homoeroticism in three male-male relationships: Victor and the monster, Victor and Walton, and Victor and Clerval. The main argument claims that, in the novel, Victor Frankenstein displays symptoms of male hysteria, which result from his repressing homoerotic desire and give evidence of male embodiment. It is not possible for Victor to repress bodily needs in the long run, and he experiences and reacts to the world with his body and mind. In the film, on the other hand, Victor’s heterosexuality is emphasised and he is depicted as a strong, powerful man rather than a nervous member of the upper class. The divergences between the representations of the male body in the primary texts, the thesis argues, reflect different ideas about the male body in the 1810s and 1990s. Although the image of the muscular and masculine, heterosexual man that was prevalent in the 1990s was already in the making in the 1810s, it was not as consolidated. The discussion of masculinity from a historical perspective makes use of Michel Foucault’s outline of the history of sexuality, Mark S. Micale’s account of hysteria and George L. Mosse’s ideas about masculinity. For a differentiated analysis of male-male relationships, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s continuum of male homosocial desire is drawn on.
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Conrad, Courtney A. "Tracing the Origins of the Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Rake Character to Depictions of the Modern Monster." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1560014785115022.

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Frampton, Sara. "“I Bid My Hideous Progeny Go Forth and Prosper”: Frankenstein’s Homosocial Doubles and Twentieth Century American Literature." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24370.

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This dissertation explores the reoccurrence of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein within twentieth-century American novels. While the inaccurate 1931 film version by James Whale remains the best known adaptation of Frankenstein, I argue that Willa Cather, Ralph Ellison, Toni Morrison, and Chuck Palahniuk return to Shelley’s 1818 novel to critique racist and misogynistic responses to anxieties about gender and racial power in the age of industrial consumer culture. In doing so, I extend existing scholarship on the American Gothic to demonstrate that The Professor’s House, Invisible Man, Beloved, and Fight Club represent a specifically Shelleyan Gothic tradition in twentieth-century American literature. My project draws upon influential feminist and postcolonial readings of Frankenstein and on the theoretical work of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and later critics who have developed her theory to show how the twentieth-century novels echo themes and motifs from Shelley’s novel to critique the destructive effects of male homosociality. Each novel contains a protagonist that resembles Victor Frankenstein and responds to historically specific anxieties about gender, race, and industrial technoscience by creating a doppelgänger who enables participation in a homosocial bond that is initially empowering but proves destructive to women, racial minorities, and eventually the creature and creator figures themselves. My reading reveals unexpected similarities between Cather’s The Professor’s House and Palahniuk’s Fight Club. Cather’s novel appears to glorify Tom Outland as the ideal masculine hero but ultimately reveals him to be a monstrous doppelgänger who acts out the Professor’s oppressive impulses; similarly, Fight Club seems to romanticize the male violence instigated by the doppelgänger figure Tyler Durden but actually echoes Shelley’s critique of male homosociality as monstrous. My reading also reveals previously overlooked similarities between Invisible Man and Beloved, both of which feature a black protagonist who surprisingly resembles Victor Frankenstein by creating a doppelgänger to challenge his or her disempowerment by the structures of white male homosociality but end up emulating the destructive homosocial structures they critique. My dissertation shows how all of these writers share Shelley’s critique yet move beyond it by offering alternatives to the destructive cycle of violence, embodied in each case by a female figure who resists or reclaims the position of the abject other in the homosocial triangle.
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Phillips, Nathan C. "Beyond Fidelity: Teaching Film Adaptations in Secondary Schools." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1910.pdf.

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Ounoughi, Samia. "Le lecteur dans l'oeuvre : enjeux linguistiques et discursifs de la refondation du sujet dans quelques oeuvres de la littérature britannique du dix-neuvième siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10109.

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Cette étude concerne trois oeuvres britanniques du dix-neuvième siècle : Frankestein or the Modern Prometheus (M. Shelley : 1831), The Strange case of Dr. Jekill and Mr. Hyde (R. L. Stevenson : 1886) et The Picture of Dorian Gray (O. Wilde : 1891). Dans ces textes, le personnage éponyme se trouve très tôt ou déjà confronté à une projection de lui-même, une créature fantastique qu'il a appelée de ses voeux. Le lecteur est alors invité à suivre ce face-à-face à travers le regard d'un récepteur intradiégétique. Il s'agira de mettre en lumière le rôle-clé de ce personage (principal ou secondaire). Cheminant sur les traces de ce guide, nous analyserons la refondation du personnage éponyme comme phénomène et comme expérience pour montrer que le système de refondation du sujet prend racine dans la construction du discours narratif. A cette fin, les outils de la linguistique énonciative, de la narratologie et de la lexicologie seront employés. Par ailleurs, la réception et la refondation comme expériences seront mises en parallèle avec l'acte de lecture du public réel, d'une part, et avec l'autoréflexivité de la littérature, d'autre part
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Knight, Amber Lienesch Michael. "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein re-conceptualizing the politics of recognition /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2623.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 5, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science." Discipline: Political Science; Department/School: Political Science.
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Möllerström, Helena. "”Den moderne Prometeus” : En analys av ondska i Mary Shelleys Frankenstein." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tros- och livsåskådningsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412571.

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The aim with this paper is to study the different portrayals of evil as seen in Mary Shelley ́s Frankenstein. The analysis of the material is supported by two theories of evil, to further establish an objective aspect to the main subjective interpretation of the content. The analysis is conducted with the support of Claudia Card ́s theory of evil from the book The Atrocity Paradigm, as well as Arne Johan Vetlesen ́s theory of evil from the book Studies of evil. Card ́s theory of evil takes the rains in determining whether or not a deed should be deemed as evil or just unethical. Meanwhile, Vetlesen ́s theory focuses more on determining the causes of evil and what motivates evildoers to commit acts of violence towards other people. These two theories work well together to better understand the abstract and concrete shapes of evil in the novel. The conclusion drawn in the paper is that both Frankenstein and his creature are capable of evil deeds. The creature does do more evil deeds than Frankenstein, but nevertheless, they both commit acts of evil according to Card ́s criterium for atrocities. Furthermore, while the creature seems to lack Vetlesen ́s articulated cultural symbols, Frankenstein seems to lack in a sense of responsibility and growth. Since neither Card nor Vetlesen claim to be able to determine whether or not a person is predominantly evil or good, this paper will not try to answer that question, but rather discuss the characters as a whole based on the results from the analysis.
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Linter, Simon. "Mary Shelley’s Unrealised Vision : The Cinematic Evolution of Frankenstein’s Monster." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104476.

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Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein has been the direct source for many adaptations on stage, television and film, and an indirect source for innumerable hybrid versions. One of the central premises of Julie Sanders’s Adaptation and Appropriation (2006) is that adaptations go through a movement of proximation that brings them closer to the audience’s cultural and social spheres. This essay looks at how this movement of proximation has impacted the monster’s form and behaviour and concludes that this is the main reason Shelley’s vision of her monster has rarely been accurately reproduced on screen. It is clearly impossible for an essay of this length to adequately cover the vast number of adaptations spawned by Frankenstein. It is clear that James Whale’s Frankenstein (1931), where the monster has a bolt through its neck and a stitched forehead, created the stereotype that has been the source for many other Frankenstein film adaptations. However, contemporary film adaptations cater to target audiences and specific genres, while also reflecting the current political climate and technological innovations. The conclusion reached here is that while the form and behaviour of Frankenstein’s monster in film has inevitably been revised over the years, precisely as a result of social and cultural factors, it is the stereotype created by Whale that has prevailed over the figure produced by Shelley. This, in turn, supports and confirms Sanders’s theory of movement of proximation.
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Esther, Ana. "The uniqueness of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein in the gothic literary tradition." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1993. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/157797.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Comunicação e Expressão
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A literatura gótica inglesa, cujo florescer abrangeu as últimas décadas do Século XVIII até a primeira metade do Século XIX, é geralmente alvo de um evidente menosprezo embora a grande aceitação por parte do público leitor da época. Provavelmente, algumas das razões para tal preconceito estejam relacionadas com as características um tanto quanto formulísticas do gênero bem como com os exageros ali contidos. Estes fatores, entre outros, talvez tenham ocasionado o descaso do público moderno para com a maioria das traduções góticas. Porém, o romance Frankenstein: ou o Moderno Prometeu (1818) da escritora inglesa Mary Shelley parece ter desafiado todo e qualquer preconceito quanto ao seu gênero literário e não apenas sobrevive ainda mas é, inclusive, considerado por muitos atualmente como um mito moderno. A longevidade desta obra sui generis poderia ter sido investigada sob vários ângulos diferentes e decidiu-se examiná-la sob a perspectiva do fato de Frankenstein pertencer ao gênero gótico. Para tanto fez-se imperativa a leitura de outras obras representantes do goticismo como forma de possibilitar uma análise contrastiva que pudesse apresentar as razões para a singularidade de Frankenstein dentro da literatura gótica. Em seguida realiza-se uma análise contrastiva entre Frankenstein e esses romances.
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Visilitskij, Egor. "Människan, naturen, monstret och vetenskapsmannen : En ekokritisk analys av Mary Shelleys Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818) och filmatiseringen Frankenstein (1994)." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42547.

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The main focus of this essay is to attempt to answer the question of how Mary Shelley in her novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818), and Kenneth Branagh in his film Frankenstein (1994) portray nature, the environment and the characters with the help of an ecocritical perspective, and how Frankenstein could be used by high school teachers to teach students about the ecocritical perspective, but also the global sustainability goals. The questions that I have tried to answer in this analysis are: How is nature used in the two versions to reflect the main characters? How can the main characters in the two versions be interpreted from an ecocritical perspective? And how can these two versions of Frankenstein be used to inform students about the environment and sustainable development? The analysis has been conducted with the help of two ecocritical concepts, anthropomorphism and anthropocentrism, and with the help of these two concepts I have been able to draw the conclusion that the author and filmmaker present differences in nature and the environment depending on the situation, and I have also been able to present how a high school teacher could use Frankenstein to inform students about the ecocritical perspective and the global sustainability goals.

Godkänt datum 2021-06-01

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Hendry, Marie. "Boundary and longing : narrative modes in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and The last man." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002413.

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Nyfors, M. (Mervi). "Sielun synkät tunnepyörteet:ahdistuneisuuden psykoanalyyttisia ja eksistentiaalisia ulottuvuuksia Mary Shelleyn teoksessa Frankenstein, or, the modern Prometheus." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201805241922.

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Tarkastelen pro gradu -tutkielmassani ahdistuneisuuden ulottuvuuksia Mary Shelleyn teoksessa Frankenstein, or, the modern Prometheus (1818). Pääsääntöisesti keskityn teoksen kahden henkilöhahmon, Victor Frankensteinin ja hänen luomansa hirviön kokemaan ahdistukseen ja sen syihin. Tutkimuksessani kuvaan sitä, millaisena ahdistuneisuus teoksessa näyttäytyy ja mitkä sisäiset ja ulkoiset ilmiöt sitä synnyttävät tarkastelemissani henkilöhahmoissa. Karkeasti luokitellen teoksessa esiintyy omaan minuuteen ja sisäisiin ristiriitoihin nivoutuvaa psykologista ahdistusta sekä olemassaoloon liittyvää eksistentiaalista ahdistusta. Keskeisenä psykoanalyyttisena menetelmänä tutkielmassani käytän Sigmund Freudin teorioita ihmisen persoonallisuuden jäsentymisestä, piilotajunnasta, torjunnasta, ahdistuksesta, surusta ja melankoliasta. Teoksen sisältämän eksistentiaalisen ahdistuksen tarkastelussa sovellan Martin Heideggerin olemisen tapoja käsittelevää ajattelua sekä hänen teoretisointiaan olemassaolon mielettömyydestä ja ”maailmaan heitetystä” ihmisestä, ihmisen keskeneräisyydestä, saatavasta ja kuolemasta. Ahdistuneisuus näyttää Victor Frankensteinin tapauksessa nivoutuvan torjuttuihin ja tiedostamattomiin mielensisältöihin sekä niistä aiheutuviin sisäisin ristiriitoihin ja mielen sairastumiseen. Tarkastelen ahdistusta Victor Frankensteinin osalta janana, jonka lievin muoto on eräänlaista elämän perusahdistusta, joka voidaan nähdä myös freudilaisena elämänviettinä tai heideggeriläisenä huolena. Ahdistuneisuuden voimistuminen päähenkilössä johtaa pakkomielteiseen työhön uppoutumiseen, alkaa sen myötä kuormittaa psyykeä liiallisesti ja muuttuu lopulta maniaksi, jota seuraa loppuun palaminen ja depressio, johon taas liittyvät erilaiset pelkotilat, syyllisyydentunteet ja traumaattiset muistot. Frankensteinin hirviön ahdistuneisuus liittyy sen olemassaolon alussa niin ikään elämän perusahdistukseen, joka tässä tapauksessa merkitsee ravinnon, lämmön ja suojan etsimistä, toisin sanoen elossa pysyttelemistä. Kun olento tulee tietoiseksi itsestään ja olemassaolostaan maailmassa, sen ahdistus suuntautuu heideggeriläisittäin heitteisyyteen ja kodittomuuteen: siihen ettei se löydä olemassaololleen syytä tai tarkoitusta eikä paikkaansa maailmassa. Olento ponnistelee rakentaessaan omaa identiteettiään ja merkityksiään, mutta sen omakuva on ristiriidassa sen kanssa, mitä muut siitä ajattelevat ja sen on lopulta omaksuttava muiden näkemys itsestään. Hirviön ajatus elämän merkityksellisyydestä näyttäytyy ystävyyden, rakkauden ja myötätunnon ominaisuuksissa, mutta se epäonnistuu toistuvasti niitä tavoitellessaan, jolloin siinä heräävät kateuden, katkeruuden, vihan ja kostonhalun tunteet. Hirviön halu ja tahto eivät toteudu niissä asioissa, joita se eniten toivoo ja ahdistus syntyykin tässä tapauksessa minän ja maailman välisestä ristiriidasta.
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44

Hosokawa, Minae. "Wandering and Belonging in Mary Shelley’s Writings : Frankenstein and Maurice, or The Fisher’s Cot." Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6258.

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45

Kindström, Niklas. "Monster och människor : Identitetsbyggande och vetenskap i Mary Shelleys Frankenstein; or the Modern Prometheus ur ett didaktiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24664.

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46

Hendry, Marie. "Boundary and Longing: Narrative Modes in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and The Last Man." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/289.

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Boundary and desire surround the relationships in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and The Last Man. The narrative modes of Captain Robert Walton relate his separation to the rest of the world and his need for companionship. Yet, not any companionship will satisfy his longing for connection with a human being; his search revolves around the need of common understanding. This further separates the character of Lionel in The Last Man from humanity in that he is unable to find anyone left on earth after a series of plague, war, and atmospheric anomalies apparently wipe out the human race. His survival hinges on the desire to find someone, anyone, in which to share any mode of common experience. His struggles with loneliness finally culminate in his autobiography. Both Frankenstein and The Last Man deal with the issue of narrative and the bounds of human necessity for acceptance and companionship. Though both tales are from a male perspective, the gendered aspects of the stories further separate the characters in each novel. How each character is estranged by forces outside their control, and how they express this relationship between their internal selves and their outer selves, are at the core of each text. Through these ideas of boundary and belonging, this thesis will explore the relationships in Frankenstein and The Last Man.
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47

Jarrett, Marcus. "Matricide and the natural man : a study of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Ken Kesey's One flew over the Cuckoo's nest /." Title page and introduction only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arj37.pdf.

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48

Kong, Ching-man Paula, and 江靜雯. "Powerful obsession: variations on a theme in four fictions : Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Joseph Conrad's Heart ofdarkness, William Golding's Lord of the flies and The spire." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951351.

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49

Shen, Wen, and 沈文. "Mary Shelley and Her Progeny: Retrieving the Literary Status of Frankenstein." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32897746715995310578.

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碩士
國立中央大學
英美語文學研究所
98
This thesis aims to reinvigorate Mary Shelley’s position as a writer in the literary arena. At eighteen Mary Shelley produced her masterpiece Frankenstein. Accomplishing such a feat at so early an age she should be recognized as a distinguished writer; however, because of her sex and age she was relentlessly attacked by critics. Instead of seeing the merits of her adapting the works of fellow writers into her work, critics criticized Frankenstein as merely a creative rewrite of others’ works. To rebuke these criticisms, this thesis closely examines the influence of William Godwin and Jean-Jacques Rousseau over Frankenstein and then compares the differences between their works and Frankenstein as a means to demonstrate Mary Shelley’s prowess as a writer. The second chapter of the thesis investigates the connection between William Godwin and Mary Shelley. By comparing the narrative techniques, themes and reliability of the narrators in Frankenstein and Caleb Williams, the chapter demonstrates how Mary Shelley has surpassed her parental heritage by skillfully implementing her ideas on top of her father’s influence. Then the third chapter inspects Mary Shelley’s adaptation of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s notion of the natural man and natural education in Frankenstein. By tracing the differences between the two authors’ conception of natural education, the chapter reveals how Mary Shelley manages to reconstruct her version of the natural man in her novel and at the same time to criticize Rousseau both personally and philosophically. The final chapter reiterates the accomplishments of Mary Shelley by referring to T. S. Eliot’s idea of the interrelatedness of all texts as expressed in his “Tradition and the Individual Talent.” According to Eliot’s theory, Mary Shelley’s literary talent lies in her capability to relate her work to earlier works in the tradition while at the same time opening up new possibilities for future literary creation and criticism.
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TRUHELKOVÁ, Jitka. "Caleb Williams Williama Godwina a Frankenstein Mary Shelleyové." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-50141.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is the comparison of the interpretations of the two novels of English Romanticism: William Godwin?s Caleb Williams (1794) and Mary Shelley?s Frankenstein (1818). It will concentrate on the influence of the tradition of Gothic novels, especially on the motifs of secret, pursuit, crime and self-devision. It will also concentrate on the atmosphere of fear and suspense.
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