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Journal articles on the topic 'Shelling time'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

M., U. Abba, and A. Atiku A. "EFFECT OF MOISTURE CONTENT ON MAIZE SHELLING SPEED USING A MANUALLY OPERATED HAND SHELLER IN MUBI, ADAMAWA STATE." Continental J. Engineering Sciences 5, no. 1 (2017): 14–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833733.

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The study examined the effect of moisture content on maize shelling speed using a manually operated hand Sheller (cone type). Twenty (20) unthreshed maize cob samples (A-J) were used for the study. The samples were analysed in the laboratory for parameters such as weight of samples before and after drying, moisture content and shelling speed. The result indicated that sample J, after sixty nine hours (69<sup>th</sup>) oven drying recorded the lowest moisture content(15.10% wb ) and the fastest shelling speed (0.75 rev. per. Sec) compared to sample A (24 h drying time) which had the highest moi

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2

Ibiyeye, Dare, Olaoye Kayode, Oluwatoyin Olunloyo, Adedipe Jide, and Adesida Oluwatosin. "Effect of corn Zea mays L. cob moisture content on the performance of a corn-cob sheller machine." Technology audit and production reserves 6, no. 3(74) (2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.293521.

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The object of the research is machine shelling efficiency. This study focused on the assessment of a fabricated corn Sheller machine and resolution of optimal moisture content percentage dry basis (% MCdb) for shelling corn-cobs. Corn-cobs samples at 8, 13 and 18 % MCdb were sorted into 3.15, 2.15 and 1.15 kg feed-masses, respectively. Samples were selected in triplicates for shelling operations time 5, 6 and 7 seconds. Standard method was used to determine the effect of shelling operation on corn-cobs’ quality variables. Response Surface Method was employed to optimize data with machine feed-

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3

Maksymchuk, Mariia, and Iryna Gamalii. "WAYS OF COPING WITH STRESS AMONG UKRAINIANS DEPENDING ON THE INTENSITY OF THE SHELLING." Kyiv journal of modern psychology and psychotherapy 7 (March 31, 2024): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48020/mppj.2024.01.03.

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The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical research on the impact of the shelling intensivity on the choice of coping strategy and on the level of stress resistance of civilians. Based on the empirical research, it was proven that Ukrainians who are exposed to the shelling have a higher level of stress resistance than those living without shelling. It was stated that in a war situation, Ukrainians have a task-focused coping strategy. There is avoidance-focused coping on the second place, and on the third place there is emotion-focused coping. However, these strategies are mo

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4

SELVAN, M. MUTHAMIL, and INDRA MANI. "Development of power-operated continuous-feed green-pea sheller." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 2 (2020): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99030.

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Shelling of green-peas from pods is still a manual operation among vegetable vendors in India making shelling operation a crucial and time consuming task. There was a need for a machine that would accept a variety of green-pea pods as input and produce green-peas as output, with a little to no work required by the operator. Therefore, a machine was specially designed, fabricated, and tested to master shelling management in 2018 in New Delhi. It was a vertical free-standing unit and consisted of electric motor, feeding tray, two shelling rollers, and outlet-tank. The capacity of the machine was

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5

Bhandari, Prabhat Kiran, Nishan Adhikari, and Rajesh Bhattarai. "Design and Fabrication of a Spiked-Shaft Maize Seed Separato." Technical Journal 3, no. 1 (2023): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tj.v3i1.61965.

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Maize shelling in developing and underdeveloped nations has been and remains a severe problem to its processing as it is tedious and requires more labour hours. This study aims to design and fabricate a motor-powered spike-shaft type Maize Seed Separator (MSS) machine. The design and selection of components like the motor, belt, frame, bearing, and shaft were made based on general design considerations. After the complete fabrication of the MSS machine, it was tested to find its shelling capacity and efficiency. The shelling capacity was found to be 220 kg/hr, which is 80 times faster than man

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6

N. R. Gatkal, S. M. Nalawade, and P. P. Pawase. "Design of a Motorised Maize Sheller and Optimisation of its Operating Parameters." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 60, no. 3 (2023): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2023603.1810.

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Maize shelling is an important post-harvest operation to separate the grains from its cob. Traditional methods involve rubbing maize cobs against each other, rubbing on stones, or hand method. These methods are labour-intensive, time-consuming, and drudgery-prone. Migration from rural population to cities for better livelihoods has creates labour shortage in rural areas during the peak period of maize shelling. A study was undertaken to design, develop, and evaluate the performance of an electric motor powered maize sheller. It consisted of a frame, feeding chute, cylinder, outer cover, rotor

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7

Andriyono, . "Design of a Corn Shelling Machine with an Elastic Collision System Using Iron Chains." Engineering and Technology Journal 9, no. 04 (2024): 3722–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10935440.

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Corn is an agricultural product that is in great demand among farmers, because the process and care methods are not too difficult and the lifespan of corn from planting to post-harvest is 2 months. In the general production process, during shelling, many farmers still use the method of shelling using their hands or simple tools, so it requires quite a long production time. The reason people still shell them using their hands or tools is because the price of the machines is too expensive and they don't even know about corn shelling machines. The machine designed to develop a simple corn sheller

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8

Lewi, Lewi, Abdul Kadir Muhammad, Lifia Nur Ismayani, and Akmal Setiawan. "RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PEMIPIL JAGUNG PADA SEPEDA MOTOR LISTRIK RODA TIGA." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Sinergi 19, no. 2 (2021): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v19i2.3390.

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Shelling is one of the post harvest handling for corn farmers where quality and time are important. Shelling that is done traditionally can cause fatigue and take a long time. The corn sheller machine on tricycle electric motorcycles can be used to save time during the shelling process. This research was conducted to design and make a corn sheller machine on a three-wheeled electric motorcycle that can be used to streamline time during the shelling process. In addition, the purpose of this research is to design and manufacture a corn sheller system on a three-wheeled electric motorcycle with a

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9

KARANSINH, R.CHITODA. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAL OPERATED MAIZE DESHELLER- A REVIEW." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology 4, no. 2 (2017): 78–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462277.

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<strong><strong> </strong>Lack of Corn processing machines,especially Maize Sheller,is a major problem of Corn production,especially in our country India. In this paper basic review of research - work for design,fabricate,and performance evaluation of a Corn Sheller consisting of feed hopper,shelling unit,separating unit and power system is carried out .The performance of the machine was studied in terms of throughput capacity,shelling efficiency,material efficiency and mechanical damage. Regression models that could be used to express the relationship existing between the Sheller perform

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10

Hoque, MA, MZ Hossain, and MA Hossain. "Design and development of a power groundnut sheller." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 4 (2018): 631–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v43i4.39162.

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In Bangladesh groundnut shelling is done manually which is laborious, time consuming and costly. Shelling of groundnut pod with the help of mechanical power can be a probable solution of this problem. A power groundnut sheller was designed and fabricated in Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during 2011-13. The sheller was made of Mild Steel (MS) angle bar, MS flat bar, MS rod, MS sheet, MS sieve, rubber pad etc. The shelling capacities of power groundnut sheller were 110 and 115 kg/h for Dhaka-1 and BA

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11

Iyanda, Muritala O., Elijah A. Alhassan, Christian O. Osueke, and Clinton Okonkwo. "Development of a Moringa Oleifera Seed Shelling Machine." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 46 (January 2020): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.46.53.

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The rising awareness of the importance of moringa seeds has geared interest in its mass production. A major step in making the seed available for it vast usage is shelling. Most rural farmers of moringa seed use the traditional methods of shelling. These methods are tedious, time consuming with attendance low outputs that produce unhygienic products. The need to develop appropriate machines and equipment for processing of moringa seeds become necessary. This work developed a moringa seed shelling machine using available local materials. The development of the shelling machine was based on engi

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12

Sagar, K. G. "Design and Fabrication of Groundnut Shelling and Separation Machine." Research and Development in Machine Design 6, no. 3 (2023): 32–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10212710.

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<i>The majority of land in India is used for agriculture, which generates commodities or semi-finished products. Additionally, peanuts are an agricultural semi-finished product. The process of groundnut shelling is characterised by its labour-intensive nature and the considerable amount of time it requires, frequently necessitating human intervention. This phenomenon has the potential to result in decreased productivity and provide a risk of harm to employees. Groundnut is grown on small-scale farmers in developing countries, such as India. The average kernel price is approximately twice the p

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13

Bunganaen, Wenseslaus, Yopi Toai, and Daud P. Mangesa. "Rancang Bangun Mesin Pemipil Jagung Dengan Metode VDI 2222." LONTAR Jurnal Teknik Mesin Undana 9, no. 02 (2022): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/ljtmu.v9i02.9322.

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Corn farmers in general still use the traditional method of using their hands to separate the corn from the cobs, this requires more energy and time to separate the corn from the cobs. A shelling machine is needed as a means to assist farmers' needs in shelling corn to facilitate the existing shelling and save labor. The purpose of designing this corn sheller machine is to produce a design and produce a corn sheller machine for the needs of farmers in East Nusa Tenggara. The method of data collection and processing is carried out by applying the VDI (Verein Deutsche Inggenieur) 2222 method thr

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14

Volpato, Neri, and Thomas H. C. Childs. "Shelling strategies to save time in a rapid tooling process." Rapid Prototyping Journal 9, no. 2 (2003): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552540310467086.

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15

Haikal, Haikal, Bambang Margono, Moch Chamim, et al. "Dissemination of corn sheller machines to increase productivity and efficiency for corn farmer associations in Wonogiri Regency." Community Empowerment 6, no. 11 (2021): 1997–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ce.5394.

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Corn is a superior agricultural product for the Giri Harjo I farmer group, Girikikis Village, Giriwoyo District, Wonogiri. However, farmers process and peel corn manually, so it takes a more time and inefficient. In order to overcome this problem, this community service designed and made a corn sheller machine that was used to simplify and increase the productivity in the corn harvesting process. This service activity begins with the delivery of the corn sheller machine to the farmer group, then exposure and training on the use of the machine. Corn shelling is accomplished by inserting the cor

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16

Wang, Jiannan, Qishuo Ding, Zhichao Hu, et al. "Mediation of Peanut Moisture Content and System Optimization for Improved Shelling Performance of Small Peanut Sheller." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 2 (2022): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14742.

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HighlightsA whole-process experiment was done to incorporate both machine and peanut properties.Wetting and drying control for unbalanced moisture contents improved shelling performance.A Box-Behnken design and response surface method were used for system optimization on the small sheller.Unbalanced moisture contents resolved the controversial response between MDR and SE.System optimization quantified the optimum combination of moisture, drying time, and speed.Abstract. Improvement of peanut shelling performance for smallholders is challenging due to the numerous influential factors involved w

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17

AKSHAY, MADNAIK, AKSHAY.M.MADNAIK, CHOUGULE ROHIT, BHABUJE CHETAN, and DULANGE SATISH. "DESIGN & MANUFACTURING OF CASHEW NUT SHELLING MACHINE PAPER." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal NITET2017 (March 16, 2017): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1461377.

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This paper deals with the mechanical characteristics of cashew nut and cutting the shell in a mechanized way to reduce the time. Presently shearing of shell of cashew nut is done manually, which is labour intensive and hazardous. During shearing of cashew nut shell a liquid is coming out which is corrosive which is hazardous and in turn consumes the lot of time because of its oily property. This automatic power operated cashew nut Sheller may be operated by unskilled worker. The release of kernel from the shell with no damage and breakage is possible with this. An automatic power operated cash

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18

Patil, Sumit V. "Enhancement of Orientation of Corn Shelling Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (2021): 4782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35776.

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Shelling is one of the most responsible and post-harvest operations of the plant. Production of various types of grain, peeled from the bark and traditionally. It is a traditional show of corn and the most time-consuming activities included hard work, grain loss and felling, chipping through a bite, using sticks, and using animals to step on multiple locations. Modern corn huskers tend to be large and heavy, high energy, which require high scaling capabilities. Additional expenses, the purchase of huskers, this is a high level of agriculture, small farmers-owners. Therefore, the aim of this st

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19

Desmae, Haile, Dramane Sako, and Djeneba Konate. "Impact of earthing up on groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) pod yield and its components." AIMS Agriculture and Food 7, no. 3 (2022): 614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2022038.

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<abstract> <p>Groundnut is an important crop grown by smallholder farmers in West Africa for both domestic and market consumption. In groundnut cultivation, earthing up, or covering the plant's base and lower nodes with soil, is a common practice. However, there is no consistent evidence about its economic benefit. From 2016 to 2018, a three-year experiment was conducted to assess the benefits of earthing up and establish the best time to do so to increase groundnut yield, thus filling a knowledge gap in the region. The experiment was set up in a split-plot design, with the plantin

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20

Zerusha, S. Swetha Lilly, and Dr B. Druga Prasad. "Fabrication of a Portable Groundnut Decorticating Machine for Domestic Purpose." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 14, no. 1 (2024): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a4535.14011024.

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Groundnut is one of the important oil seed crops cultivated in India. India ranks first in groundnut area under cultivation and is the second largest producer in the world with 101 lakh tones with productivity of 1863 kg per hectare in 2021-22. Groundnut cultivation in India is done by small-scale farmersand is the predominant dryland crop. In the beginning, thepeanuts were separated from their shells by the workers and theoutput from this method was much less and could not satisfy themarket demand as it was a very time-consuming process. It is atime-consuming and tedious operation. Hence, a p

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21

Renaldy, Agil, Edy Prabowo, Indra Kusuma, and Winarto Winarto. "Rancang Bangun Mesin Pemipil dan Penghancur Tongkol Jagung." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Pertanian - TekTan 12, no. 3 (2021): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/tektan.v12i3.1936.

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Corn is one of the important plants for human life, especially in Indonesia. This is because corn is the second food crop commodity after rice. In Indonesia, there are still many post-harvest maize product processing using the traditional method by peeling corn by hand, so that the yield of corn production is not comparable with the labor for processing the corn harvest. Agricultural statistics show that maize production in Indonesia has always increased from year to year. In order to better support the conversion process of corn cobs waste into animal feed, a chopper is needed. The machine fu

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S.Swetha, Lilly Zerusha. "Fabrication of a Portable Groundnut Decorticating Machine for Domestic Purpose." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 14, no. 1 (2024): 10–16. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.A4535.14011024.

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Abstract: Groundnut is one of the important oil seed crops cultivated in India. India ranks first in groundnut area under cultivation and is the second largest producer in the world with 101 lakh tones with productivity of 1863 kg per hectare in 2021-22. Groundnut cultivation in India is done by small-scale farmersand is the predominant dryland crop. In the beginning, thepeanuts were separated from their shells by the workers and theoutput from this method was much less and could not satisfy themarket demand as it was a very time-consuming process. It is atime-consuming and tedious operation.

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23

Sevimli-Gur, Canan, Yuksel Gezgin, Ahmet Oz, Shaymaa Al Sharqi, Zinar Pinar Gumus, and Nurhan Turgut Dunford. "Biological Activity of the Extracts from Pecan Shelling Industry Byproducts." Transactions of the ASABE 64, no. 3 (2021): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.14439.

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HighlightsThe first study on characterization of the extracts obtained from industrial pecan nut processing byproducts.Chemical composition and biological activity of the extracts varied with type of byproduct and the pecan cultivars used in the process.Pecan shell extracts exhibited anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity.Abstract. Industrial processing of pecan nuts produces large amounts of shells, which have economic significance for pecan growers and processors. Hence, it is imperative that valorization of pecan processing byproducts is explored. In this study, byproducts from

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24

Tan, Wenyue, Yunfang He, Ziyan Wang, et al. "Effect of Moisture Content of Fresh Pecans on Mechanical Shelling Efficiency, Nutritional Features, and Packaging Method." Foods 14, no. 5 (2025): 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14050757.

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Fresh pecans are increasingly popular for their sweet taste and high nutritional value. To facilitate their commercialization, it is crucial to screen the proper moisture content for efficient mechanical shelling while retaining nutritional quality and finding a reasonable packaging method for storage. This study compared the mechanical shelling efficiencies of fresh pecans with different moisture contents via a standardized evaluation system used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for over 70 years. The results indicated that pecans dried for 24 h (17.51% moisture, wet basis) achieved the

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Kinge, A. R., T. B. Bastewad, S. C. Bhangare, et al. "Design and Development of Mini-Maize Cob Threshing Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 1 (2025): 1578–92. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.64639.

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Abstract: Maize is one of the most important cereal crops in the world agricultural economy due to its significance in human and animal diets. The area under maize cultivation and production continuously increases. Traditionally, maize was dehuskedshelled manually, which is very tedious, drudgery, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. The machines available in the market for maize threshing are generally larger (in size) and more costly. But in India, over 75% of farmers belong to the small and marginal category. We developed this compact, economical ‘Mini-Maize cob Threshing Machine’ for small

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26

L.M, YADAV, SHARMA P.P, and MAURYA K.R. "EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOME VARIETIES OF PEA." Madras Agricultural Journal 83, March (1996): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00988.

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The varieties tested were significantly different among themselves for all growth and yield characters. Nitrogen levels influenced the time for first flowering, the time marketable maturity, pod lengths, pod yield per plot, 100- seed weight and shelling percentage significantly but phosphorus levels had significant influence on pod yield per plot only. The interactions (V x Nx P) were found to be significant for most of characters.

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27

Metelkov, Alexander N. "Understanding the legality of nuclear facility shelling in contemporary legal scholarship." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, no. 1 (2023): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-1-171-180.

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The potential for shelling and attacking nuclear power plants for the first time became an extremely dangerous reality in 2022. What is the purpose of this article, is legal-theoretical analysis of nuclear power plants shelling that would be state-sanctioned and unequivocally threaten world peace and global security, as well as the state and society; it is an analysis based on an interpretation of the sources of positive law. The threats of nuclear catastrophe, which may result from warfare and terrorist acts, loom over the state, society and the planet's radiation balance, creating the potent

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28

Sharma, Manoj, Subrat Kar, and Sumantra Dutta Roy. "Measurement of Shake in the Camera in a Shelling Zone." Defence Science Journal 75, no. 3 (2025): 379–85. https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.20789.

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The stability of the camera in an imaging system stationed for the measurement of coordinates of moving objects is of paramount importance, failing which system can generate erroneous results leading to loss of higher order1. Losses can be as high as human lives in a battlefield scenario where tracking the moving object and measuring its coordinates in real-time is crucial for countermeasures against such moving objects/ threats. This paper presents a technique that uses the basic properties of an imaging system and existing corner detection techniques to measure the movement caused in the cam

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29

Butts, Christopher L., and John S. Smith. "Shrinkage of Farmers Stock Peanuts During Storage1." Peanut Science 22, no. 1 (1995): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.22.1.0008.

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Abstract A3-yr study was conducted during crop years 1989–91 to determine the value loss (shrinkage) experienced during long-term storage of farmers stock peanuts. Typical warehouses used to store each of the three major peanut market types were selected in each of the peanut production regions of the United States. Peanuts were purchased and stored according to conventional operating procedures for at least 60 d, unloaded, and hauled to the shelling plant (regrade). The loan value of the peanuts was determined using the 1990 Peanut Loan Schedule based on official grades and weights at load-in

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Zhou, Jian Hua, Yu Ji, An Chao Ren, and You Deng Zhang. "Analysis of the Generation Cause of Scale Shelling Defects on Running Surface of 60kg/m U71Mn Rail." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1062.

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There were different degree scale shelling defects on running surface of 60kg/m U71Mn rail after used on the curve for a period of time, the characteristics and the generating reasons of the defects were analyzed, and the improvement measures were presented. There test results indicated that the scale shelling defects found on rail running surface were a sort of typical rolling contact fatigue damage, which caused mainly by the excessive contact stress, as a result of the wheel long-term contact with rail on the gauge corner of the rail on curve. It is effective to prevent and reduce rolling c

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Parwada, Cosmas, Sandra Zhuwao, Ronald Mandumbu, Handsen Tibugari, and Savemore Ngirazi. "Performance of New and Old Short-Seasoned Arachis Hypogea (Groundnut) Varieties Under Same Agronomic Practices." Journal of Agronomy Research 2, no. 4 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-20-3177.

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Performance of three newly released short-seasoned (Nsinjiro, Chitala and JL11) were evaluated against old (Nyanda, Illanda and Tern) groundnuts varieties under same agronomic practices. A field experiment laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was done. Varieties were evaluated for days to 50% emergence, 50% flowering, days to physiological maturity, pod and seed yield, and shelling percentage. There were no significant difference in the days to 50% emergence among all varieties but significant difference (p ˂ 0.05) were observed on days to 50% flowering. JL11

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Bimbraw, Avtar Singh. "Response of Fodder Maize to Different Levels of Nitrogen Under Various Establishment Methods." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (2023): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1212.006.

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The experiment was conducted to find out the planting method and nitrogen level for enhancing the seed yield of fodder maize (Zea mays L.). The treatment comprised of three planting methods as zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and bed planting (BP) and four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 125 and 150 kg N/ha. The results revealed that plant height, shelling percentage, seed and stover yield were not varied significantly with the various methods of establishment. It shows the fodder maize can be sown with ZT and BD rather sowing with conventional tillage. Successive increase of 25% N/ ha ha

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Tjiptady, Bella Cornelia, Rifki Zainur Rahman, Agus Dwi Putra, Luchyto Chandra Permadi, and Ratna Fajarwati Meditama. "Design of a Peanut Skin Peeling Machine Design Based on Professional Autodesk Inventor Software." G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan 8, no. 2 (2024): 1184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33379/gtech.v8i2.4134.

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In the nut processing industry, such as peanuts, the skin peeling process is an important stage to obtain a quality final product. Manual peeling can be a tiring and time-consuming job, so automating the peeling process using a machine is an efficient solution. The aim of designing a peanut shelling machine is to make it easier for peanut farmers to make the production process more efficient. The design stage of the peanut skin peeling machine design includes analysis of data requirements and obtaining a design that suits the farmer's capacity, design design using Autodesk Inventor Professiona

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34

Syahruddin, K., and Suwardi. "Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation of hybrids maize agronomy characters adaptive to dry land, medium plains." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1230, no. 1 (2023): 012121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012121.

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Abstract The selection of hybrid maize plants that adapt to dry land in the medium plains is very important considering the very widely available such land in Indonesia, so the existence of adaptive varieties is needed. Information on agronomic characters of adaptive hybrid maize is the basic information for character selection to make the breeding program more effective. The study aims to determine the genetic variability, heritability, and correlation of hybrid maize agronomic characters tested in dry land of medium plains. The genetic material used 22 maize hybrids, arranged in randomized b

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Thompson, T. E., and L. J. Grauke. "Pecan Nut and Kernel Traits Are Related to Shelling Efficiency." HortScience 38, no. 4 (2003): 586–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.4.586.

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The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service conducts the largest and oldest pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] breeding program in the world. This program evaluates thousands of nut and kernel samples each year using a standard nut and kernel evaluation system developed and refined for more than 70 years. This report relates the effectiveness of these evaluations to commercial shelling efficiency by direct comparison of these data to commercially shelled samples from the same clone performance test. Visual ratings of shelled kernel samples (1-5, with 1 = best) were

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Liu, Shu Xing, Wei Na Jiao та Shuang Zhang. "The Enrichment Condition of γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Shelled Buckwheat by Soaking". Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (липень 2012): 1293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1293.

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The effects of temperature, time, pH, calcium concentration and the ratio of shelling buckwheat and sodium glutamate were studied while using dipping treatment to accumulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in north-shaanxi shelled buckwheat. The results were as follows: Glutamate decarboxylase activity is 3.694u/g. The yield of GABA achieves in the largest respectively under the following conditions: Soaking temperature at 40°C, time of 10h, pH6.0, calcium concentration at 0.3mmol/L, the ratio of shelled buckwheat and sodium glutamate at 1800g/mol.

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Shinde, Gopal U., S. K. Biradar, Geeta Yadav, and Pradeep Sethi. "Design Optimization of Mini Multi-Nut Post Harvesting Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.522.

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The traditional method and mechanisms used for dehulling, cracking, shelling, squeezing or pressing of nuts in the post harvesting operation, is constrained to single platform with multi-operational facilities due to the oil splash ,wound making, poisonous material causing a health hazards hence the vertical cut plane with easy exchange facility by chuck mechanism for cutting tool as well as fixture for material for minimum throughput time and human comfort has been considered in the new design called Multi-Nut dehulling machine. The average product material efficiency was 85.29%, mechanical d

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Layuk, Payung, Meivie Lintang, and Yusuf. "Post Harvest Corn Handling for Improving Quality and Competitiveness." E3S Web of Conferences 232 (2021): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123203018.

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The awareness and knowledge of postharvest losses at the farm level is still very low, so it is necessary to conduct research to determine the application of postharvest technology at the farm level. The research was conducted from January to December 2017 in Minahasa, North Minahasa and South Minahasa districts. The results of the study showed that each stage of postharvest treatment varied from 5% of conventional and 1.92% of introduced technology. The use of postharvest BB shelling tools with an operating time of 9 minutes/100 kg with an operational cost of 187,800 IDR/ha, results in a loss

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A.V. RAMANJANEYULU, T.L. NEELIMA, M. VENKATA RAMANA, et al. "Selective mechanization improves productivity, energy indices and profitability of rainfed castor (Ricinus communis) in India." Indian Journal of Agronomy 66, no. 2 (2001): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v66i2.2843.

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A 4-year field study (201314 to 201617) was conducted at Palem, Telangana, to understand the impact of selective mechanization practices (SMPs), viz. motorized power spray, mechanical interculture, harvesting using secateurs and mechanical castor shelling, and conventional practices (CPs) like knapsack sprayer, bullock-drawn blade, manual harvesting and manual shelling with wooden sticks on the productivity and profitability of castor (Ricinus communis L.) cultivation on rainfed Alfisols. Results showed a 13.2% increment in seed and oil yield, a saving of 23-man days and 54 hours time/ha coupl

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Rantung, Ruland, Dedie Tooy, Putri Amelia, and Lucia Cecilia Mandey. "Design and Technical Evaluation of the PTR-TETA20 Macadamia Nut (macadamia integrifolia) Sheller." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 11, no. 6 (2025): 478–85. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i6.10969.

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Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) is a high-value crop not widely known in Indonesia and still processed using conventional shelling methods that are time-consuming and inefficient. This study aimed to design and evaluate the PTR-TETA20 macadamia nut sheller to improve post-harvest efficiency. The research was conducted from May to July 2024 at the Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University. The methodology involved the design, construction, and performance testing of the machine using experimental methods and descriptive data analysis. The PTR-TETA20, measuring 30 × 23 × 113 cm and pow

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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz, and Johannes Van Leeuwen. "Development of a shelling method to recover whole kernels of the Cutia nut (Couepia edulis)." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 28, no. 2 (2006): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452006000200018.

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The kernel of the cutia nut (castanha-de-cutia, Couepia edulis (Prance) Prance) of the western Amazon, which is consumed by the local population, has traditionally been extracted from the nut with a machete, a dangerous procedure that only produces kernels cut in half. A shelling off machine prototype, which produces whole kernels without serious risks to its operator, is described and tested. The machine makes a circular cut in the central part of the fruit shell, perpendicular to its main axis. Three ways of conditioning the fruits before cutting were compared: (1) control; (2) oven drying i

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Wasiu Oyeleke, Oyediran. "Effectiveness of Melon Shelling Technology and Preference by Rural Women in Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, no. 68 (August 31, 2020): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jac.68.119.125.

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Few years ago National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM) launched melon sheller to reduce burden of obtaining melon oil and cake, and to enhance rural women’s productivity. This study looked at the productivity of promoted melon shelling technology and preference by rural women in Nigeria. Data were gathered from the NCAM workshop and survey of melon processors in Niger State. In the workshop, it was found that time allowed for soaking melon and covering with piece of clothes contributed to the productivity of the sheller. Results from survey revealed that 95.1% of the respondents’

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I., T. Adejugbe, A. Oyegunwa O., D. Iliya D., O. Aigbogun J., T. Oyelami A., and O. O. Olusunle S. "Design and Development of an Improved Palm Kernel Shelling Machine and Separator." Physical Science International Journal 14, no. 3 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/PSIJ/2017/26627.

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A palm kernel processing (Cracking and Separating) unit was developed to crack effectively various sizes/diameters of palm kernel as well as to separate the palm kernel from the shell with the aim of reducing the challenges encountered during the production of palm kernel Oil. This machine was fabricated and designed with locally available materials for the ease of maintenance and it was designed the the aims of easing the pain, stress involved, intensive labour, time consuming, unduly cost and cumbersome operation encountered in the traditional/existing process of manually cracking and separa

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Xu, Li, Hui Li Wang, Chun Yan Wu, Ming Hua Zhou, and Ya Yun Wang. "Study on Optimization of Extraction Technology for Bitter Melon Seed Oil by Supercritical CO₂." Applied Mechanics and Materials 618 (August 2014): 354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.618.354.

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Bitter melon seed oil (BMSO) extracted by supercritical CO2was determined in the present study. At first, a single factor and orthogonal experiment were performed to explore the parameters of extraction pressure, temperature and time on the yield of oil. Then the constituents of extracted fatty acid were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that under the best conditions of extraction pressure (25MPa), extraction temperature (50°C) and extraction time (100 minutes), the yield of oil from shelling bitter melon seed was 36.1% with the CO2flow rate kept at 10kf/h. Moreover, BMSO was rich in lino

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Rofii, Muhammad Navis, Satomi Yumigeta, Shigehiko Suzuki, and Tibertius Agus Prayitno. "Effects of Shelling Ratio and Particle Characteristic on Physical Properties of Three-Layered Particleboard Made from Different Wood Species." Wood Research Journal 4, no. 1 (2017): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2013.4.1.25-30.

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Wood waste materials such as flakes, particles, sawdust, planer shaving, which are residues from furniture industry can be utilized to manufacture many composites such as particleboard. The most commonly used particleboard has three layers: two face layers and one core layer. The face layers consist of fine particles and the core layer is made of coarse particles.This study aimed to show the effect of shelling ratio and particle characteristic on physical properties of three-layer particleboard with high density core and different particles on surface layers. The materials used in this study w

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K, SACHIDANADHAN, and MUTHUSAMY M. "INFLUENCE OF TIME OF SOWINGS AND WEATHER FACTORS ON THE INCIDENCE OF LATE LEAF SPOT OF GROUNDNUT." Madras Agricultural Journal 79, July (1992): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01771.

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Late leaf spot of grondnut caused by Cercosporidium personatum is one of the serious diseases in groundnut. Time of sowing trails were conducted for both irrigated and rainfed conditions. The incidence of late leaf spot was high in the sowing taken up on 16-9-85 (rainfed) while minimum incidence was in the sowing on 1-7-85. In the irrigated season, maximum incidence was in the sowing taken up on 16-2-85 while minimum ws in 17-4-86 sowing. In bot seasons, early sowings recorded higher yield of groundut pods. There was negative association with disease intensity and yield parameters like shellin

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Wu, Zhaoyun, Yehao Zhang, Zhongwei Zhang, et al. "An Improved YOLOv8n-Based Method for Detecting Rice Shelling Rate and Brown Rice Breakage Rate." Agriculture 15, no. 15 (2025): 1595. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15151595.

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Accurate and real-time detection of rice shelling rate (SR) and brown rice breakage rate (BR) is crucial for intelligent hulling sorting but remains challenging because of small grain size, dense adhesion, and uneven illumination causing missed detections and blurred boundaries in traditional YOLOv8n. This paper proposes a high-precision, lightweight solution based on an enhanced YOLOv8n with improvements in network architecture, feature fusion, and attention mechanism. The backbone’s C2f module is replaced with C2f-Faster-CGLU, integrating partial convolution (PConv) local convolution and con

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DEVILLERS, OLIVIER. "ON DELETION IN DELAUNAY TRIANGULATIONS." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 12, no. 03 (2002): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195902000815.

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This paper presents how the space of spheres and shelling may be used to delete a point from a d-dimensional triangulation efficiently. In dimension two, if k is the degree of the deleted vertex, the complexity is O(k log k), but we notice that this number only applies to low cost operations, while time consuming computations are only done a linear number of times. This algorithm may be viewed as a variation of Heller's algorithm,1,2 which is popular in the geographic information system community. Unfortunately, Heller algorithm is false, as explained in this paper.

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Asafa, M.O., B.S. Ogunsina, and O.A. Omotosho. "Prospects of Decortication Efficiency Improvement through Environmental Control in Selected Indigenous Varieties of Melon Seeds." Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 6, no. 1 (2021): 152–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5047844.

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<em>This study determined some properties of three indigenous melon seed varieties (Citrullus vulgaris, Citrullus lanatus and Lagenaria siceraria) as well as the best combination of treatment parameters that ensured optimal yield in relation to decortication. These were with a view to increasing the shelling efficiency of the melon seeds.  The physical properties were determined using standard procedures after subjecting them to a combination of treatments involving seven levels of soaking time (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 60 minutes) and four levels of freezing duration (30, 45, 60, and 75

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BEUCHAT, LARRY R., DAVID A. MANN, and WALID Q. ALALI. "Efficacy of Sanitizers in Reducing Salmonella on Pecan Nutmeats during Cracking and Shelling." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 5 (2013): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-541.

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Studies were done to evaluate the efficacy of chlorine (200 to 1,000 μg/ml), lactic acid (0.5 to 2%), levulinic acid (0.5 to 2%), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 0.05%), lactic acid plus SDS, levulinic acid plus SDS, and a mixed peroxyacid sanitizer (Tsunami 200, 40 and 80 μg/ml) in killing Salmonella on or in immersion- and on surface-inoculated pecan nutmeats (U.S. Department of Agriculture medium pieces and mammoth halves). The addition of SDS to treatment solutions containing lactic acid or levulinic acid resulted in generally higher reductions of Salmonella, but differences in these reductio

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